^H 



BBBi 







IB 










M 



H IH 

M ■■ ' KB 

HBH 

■■■■■■■■■■■III 



j'jv.t 



— RfHtf 
I 

■■HhUBH 



f«ti 




Class, rulio 18 
Book <u3 



DICTIONARY 

L 



OF THE ^ V 6*^- 

ENGLISH LANGUAGE, j 

FOR THE 

USE OF SCHOOLS, AND FOR GENERAL REFERENCE ; 

WITH THE PRINCIPLES OF 

PRONUNCIATION, OETHOGEAPHY, AND ETYMOLOGY, 

• FULLY EXPLAINED, AND PRACTICALLY ILLUSTRATED : 

TO WHICH ARE ADDED, 

A VOCABULARY OE SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES. 

ACCENTED AND DIVIDED FOR PRONUNCIATION ; 

AND 

A CONCISE CLASSICAL DICTIONARY. 

WITH APPENDIX OF ADDITIONAL WORDS. 



ROBERT N SULLIVAN, LL.D., T.C.D., 




DUBLIN: 



ALEXANDER THOM $ SONS, PRINTERS AND PUBLISHERS, 
87, ABBEY-STREET. 

SOLD BY LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, AND LONGMANS, LONDON; 
FRASER & CO., EDINBURGH; AND ALL BOOKSELLERS. 



1854. 



P E E F A C E. 






The great object which the compiler of this work had iu view was, 
to enable the publisher to supply the teachers and pupils of the 
National Schools in Ireland with a complete dictionary of the 
English language, at a price commensurate with their humble means. 
In order to effect this, he saw that it would be necessary to bring the 
work within the smallest possible dimensions, consistent with its com- 
pleteness as a dictionary. And this, he conceives, he has effected; 
for, notwithstanding the smallness of its size, it will be found to 
contain all the authorized words given in the largest and most recent 
works on the subject. In fact, it contains between two and three 
thousand words more than Walees's, which has been so long re- 
garded as one of the standard dictionaries of the English language ; 
and though the meanings or explanations of the words have been 
necessarily abridged and condensed, yet they will be found quite as 
full as in the standard work just mentioned. 

The small, but clear and distinct type, with which the work has 
been printed, has contributed much to the attainment of the object 
which the compiler had in view. It is, however, chiefly owing to the 
simple, but novel plan, on which it has been drawn up, that he ha? 
been enabled to combine, in the same dictionary, those very desirable, 
but difficult, and apparently incompatible qualities, conciseness and 
completeness. Instead of giving the pronunciation, and what is called 
the etymology, of every word, as is usual in our larger dictionaries, 
he has, by omitting both in the body of the work, economized space 
to an almost incredible extent. These omissions, which at first view 
must seem great defects, he has fully supplied in another part of the 
work, in which will be found, arranged in alphabetical order, all the 
difficult and irregular words in the language, with rules for their 
pronunciation ; and also, almost every thing that is practically useful 
in etymology, under the head of Derivation. 

As at least nine out of every ten words in the English language are 
regular in their pronunciation, that is, are pronounced according to 
the usual sounds of the letters in the alphabet, it is surely unnecessary 
to write down the pronunciation of each, as is done in Walker's 
and Sheridan's dictionaries. It is quite sufficient, one would think, 

a2 



fco draw the attention of the learner to the difficult and irregular 
words, and to supply him with practical rules for their pronunciation. 
This has been done in the present work ; and if the learner makes 
himself acquainted with the pronunciation of these words, which are 
comparatively few in number, he will be able to pronounce all the 
other words in the language without difficulty. In fact, he will only 
have to attend to the position of the accent, and the usual sound of 
the letters. 

And what can be more unsatisfactory than the etymological 
information given in our English dictionaries ?* Even in the 
voluminous and celebrated work of Dr. Johnson, the amount of 
information on this important and interesting branch of lexicography, 
scarcely ever exceeds a Latin or French word, par parenihese. JSTow, 
of what use is the mere indication of the root ? To those who know 
any thing of the learned languages, such information is unnecessary ; 
and to those who do not, it is useless, — unless, indeed, the primary 
meaning, and secondary applications of the term referred to, be fully 
and clearly explained. On this subject Horne Tooke has truly 
said — " It is a trifling etymology that barely refers us to some word 
m another language, either the same or similar, unless the meaning 
of the word, and cause of its imposition, can be discovered by such a 
reference." 

Instead, therefore, of following the usual plan of merely indicating 
the root of the w r ords, which would have occupied much space to 
little purpose, the compiler has, as he said before, given almost 
every thing that is practically useful in etymology, under the head of 
derivation. Many of the " English etymologies" will be found 
novel, and, it is hoped, interesting ; and the Latin and Greek roots 
which he has selected and illustrated, are those by which the English 
language has been most enriched. 



* With the exception of Dr. Richardson's, which is the only one in the language 
that deserves the title of an English Etymological Dictionary. 



CONTENTS. 



Page 

The Alphabet — Saxon, Old English, Roman, &c, i 

The Sounds or Powers of the Letters : — • 

Vowels, ........... ii 

Diphthongs and Triphthongs, vi 

Consonants, ........... xi 

Orthoepy, or the correct Pronunciation of Words, . * . . . xv 
A Collection of all the Difficult and Irregular Words in the Language, 

with Practical Rules for their Pronunciation, xxv 

Orthography, xxxvii 

Practical Rules for Spelling, xxxviii 

A Collection of Words of Unsettled Orthography, .... xl 
Words Spelled in Two or more Ways by different and even the same 

Writers ; with an attempt to settle their Orthography, . . . xlii 

Words similar in Sound, but differing in Spelling and Signification, . xlvi 
Derivation : — 

Prefixes and Affixes, xlviii 

English Etymologies, Ii 

Latin and Greek Roots, ........ lxiv 

Latin and Greek Words and Phrases Explained, ..... lxxxvi 

French, Italian, and other Foreign Words and Phrases in Common Use, 

Pronounced and Explained, lxxxix 

The Dictionary, 1 

Pronunciation of Scripture Names, 351 

Classical Dictionary, 358 



SIGNS AND ABBREVIATIONS EXPLAINED. 



This sign — denotes a long sound or syllable. 

This sign ~ denotes a short sound or syllable. 

This mark ', which is called the acute accent, denotes the syllable on which the 
principal accent or stress is to be laid. This mark over a vowel denotes that 
it has its long sound ; but when placed immediately after a consonant, it indi- 
cates that the preceding vowel has its shut or short sound. See page ii. 

When a vowel has a secondary accent, this mark " denotes the principal one. See 
page xx. When there is no other accent marked in the same word, this sign 
denotes that the consonant before which it is placed, coalesces in the pronunci- 
ation with the vowel following it ; as in a"gitate and addi"tion, which are pro- 
nounced aj'itate and addish'on. 



a. stands f 


or adjective. 


ad. stands for adverb. 


s. „ 


substantive. 


conj. 


jj 


conjunction. 


«. „ 


verb. 


int. 


» 


interjection. 


P- » 


participle. 


Lat. 


„ 


Latin. 


pr. „ 


pronoun. 


Gr. 


w 


Greek. 


prep. „ 


preposition. 


It. 


» 


Italian, 



PRINCIPLES OP PRONUNCIATION. 



THE ENGLISH ALPHABET.* 



Saxon. 


Old English. 


Roman. 


Italic. 


Writing. 


Name. 


Cap. Small. 


Cap. Small. 


Cap. 


SmalL 


Cap. 


SmalL 


Cap. Small. 




X a 


a a 


A 


a 


A 


a 


<%/ a 


at. 


B b 


93 ft 


B 


b 


B 


b 


& <f 


bee. 


n c 


<E c 


C 


c 


C 


c 


& c 


see. 


D * 


33 * 


D 


d 


D 


d 


m r/ 


dee. 


e e 


IS e 


E 


e 


E 


e 


$ e 


ee. 


E F 


tf t 


F 


f 


F 


f 


*V 


ef- 


n 5 
P h 




G 
H 


g 
h 


G 

H 


9 
h 




j'ee. 

aitch. 


I i 


* t 


I 


i 


I 


i 


J? 4 


i or eye. 


* * 


3 J 
U ft 


J 
K 


i 

k 


J 
K 


J 
k 




hay. 


L 1 


& X 


L 


1 


L 


I 


& / 


el. 


CD m 


jm m 


M 


m 


M 


m 


isfS m 


em. 


N n 


NT n 


N 


n 


N 


n 


Jf n 


en. 


o 


© 








O 





<r 


0. 


P p 

• • 

R p. 


2£ x 


P 
Q 

R 


P 
1 
r 


P 

Q 

R 


P 

q 

r 




pee. 
cue. 
ar. 


s r 


S »• 


S 


s 


S 


s 


6? 4 


ess. 


T t 


€ t 


T 


t 


T 


t 


<r 4 


tee. 


U u 


® u 


U 


u 


U 


u 


U <t 


u or you. 


* * 


V b 


V 


V 


V 


V 


W V 


vee. 


Ul p 


TO to 


W 


w 


w 


w 


T «> 


double u. 


X x 


£ X 


X 


X 


X 


X 


& & 


eks. 


Y y 
Z z 


* 8 


Y 
Z 


7 
z 


Y 

z 


y 

z 




toy. 
zed 



* Tho term Alphabet is derived from Alpha, Beta, the first two letters of the Greek 
alphabet; just as we say the "A. B. C." for all the letters; and Abecedarian, for a 
teacher of the Alphabet. 

The order of the letters in the Alphabet appears to have been a matter of chance ; nor 



PRINCIPLES OF PRONUNCIATION. 



THE SOUNDS OR POWERS OF THE LETTERS. 



VOWELS. 

The sounds of the vowels may he reduced to their long or open 
sounds ; their short or shut sounds ; their obscure or unaccented sounds; 
and their incidental or irregular sounds. 

1. A vowel has its long sound when under the accent; as a in 
fatal, e in legal, % in title, 6 in notice, and u in duty. A vowel has also its 
long sound in monosyllables ending in e mute preceded by a single * 
consonant ; as 5 in. fate, e in mete, i in pine, o in note, and u in tube. The 
only exceptions seem to be, have, are, gape, bade, where (whare), there 
(thare), ere (air), were, give, live, gone, shone ; and words like love, dove, 
&c, in which o has the sound of short u. 

2. A vowel has its short sound when it is followed by a consonant 
which shuts or abruptly terminates its sound ; as a in fat, e in met, i in 
]>i?i, o in not, and u in tub. This is always the case in monosyllables 
ending in a single consonant, as in the examples just given. A vowel has 
also its shut or short sound when it is followed by an accented con- 
sonant in the same syllable ; as a in balance, e in felon, i in military, o 
in nov'el, and u in pun/ish. It has, also, its short sound, when it is fol- 
lowed by two or more consonants ; as in canvass, membrane, timbrel, 
mortal, and pungent.^ 

3. When a vowel has neither its long or open sound, nor its short J. 
or shut sound, as in the foregoing cases, it has an obscure or indistinct 
sound, particularly when it follows an accented syllable ; as the 
second a in cab'bage and ab'bacy ; e in open and battery ; i in ruin and 
ability ; o in actor and felony ; and u in Arth'ur and sulph'ury. 

It is evident that in such examples as the preceding, the unaccented vowel has a sound 
so obscure that its place might be supplied by any of the other vowels without producing 
any very perceptible change in the pronunciation of the word. For example, the a in 
cab'bage and the u in Arth'ur might be changed into any of the other vowels without 
causing any material change in the pronunciation of the syllable (as in cab'bfge, cabbige, 
cab'boge, cab'buge; Arth'ar, Arth'er, Arth'ir, Arth'or). Hence the inutility of marking 
the sounds of the vowels in such positions. — See No. 75. 

4. As no general rule can be given with regard to the incidental or 
irregular sounds of the vowels, we shall briefly notice them under 
each letter in order. 

is it of much consequence how they are arranged. Some writers, however, have urged a 
new and philosophical arrangement. The vowels, they insist, should take precedence of 
the consonants, and be marshalled with regard to each other, according to the aperture 
which each demands of the mouth to give it due utterance ; while the consonants should 
be arranged with reference to the organs which are chiefly employed in giving them 
utterance ; as the lips, the teeth, the throat, &c. 

This would certainly be a more rational arrangement of the letters ; but it is now too 
late to make such alterations. 

It is remarkable that the letter A holds the first place in every alphabet ; perhaps be- 
cause the open sound, as in the word father, is the simplest and easiest of all sounds. It 
is the first articulate sound which children make, as in the words papa, mamma ; arid in 
almost every language, except the English, this is the only sound of a. 

* In change, mange, range, strange; chaste, haste, paste, and a few similar words, the 
a is long, though two consonants follow. 

+ In ancient, angel, chamber, cambric, and Cambridge, the a has its long sound, though 
followed by two consonants. 

% The obscure sounds of the vowels are also short, and more or less so according to theii 
position; but they differ from the shut sounds in being less distinct. 






SOUNDS OR POWERS OF THE VOWELS. M 

A. 

5. A has in addition to its long slender English * sound, as in fate 
andp^per, and its short Italian sound, as in fat and mttr'ry, two other 
sounds, namely, its long Italian sound, as in^r and father, and its broad 
German sound, as in full and water. 

a. A has its long Italian sound before r in monosyllables, as in far, bard, starve; and 
also, before Im, If, or Iv, when the I is silent, as in calm, alms, calf, half, calve, halve. 

b. When a is followed by II, Id, Ik, or It, it has the broad German sound, as in call, 
bald, walk, salt. The only exceptions seem to be shall, mall, and Pall-mall (a street in 
London) which is pronounced Pell-mell'. It has also the broad German sound in appal, 
palsy, false (and its compounds) ; also in enthral, f thraldom, albeit, almost, also, although, 
altogether, and always. A has also the broad German sound between wand r, as in ivarm, 
swarm; and generally after w, as in swab, swan, wan, want, was, what, watch. Also, 
when it is preceded by a letter sounded like w, as u in quantity and quality. 

c. By substituting 6 for a in any of the preceding examples, as in swab and swan (swob, 
swan,) it will be evident that the broad German sound of a is almost the same as short o. 
Compare also the sound of the diphthong au, as in laurel and daughter. 

d. In the unaccented terminations acb, age, as in furnace and cabbage, a has its 
obscure sound, and consequently differs very little from the obscure or unaccented sound 
of any of the other vowels. This is the effect of the accent on the preceding syllable. The 
a in the unaccented termination ate is similarly affected, as in climate. — Seo No. 75. 

e. In the words any, many,t Pall-mall, Thames, the a is pronounced like short e, as in 
viet. In are, it is pronounced as in far; and in bade, gape, and have, it has the short 
bound as in fat. 



6. E, as has been stated in the general rule about rowels, has a long 
sound, as in mete and legal ; and a short sound, as in met and mellow. 

a. Before d, I, or n, in a final unaccented syllable, as in loved, revel, fallen, the short 
sound of e becomes so obscure that in some cases it is scarcely perceptible. Hence, in the 
past tense and past participle of verbs ending in ed, the e is scarcely ever pronounced, ex- 
cept in solemn and formal speaking. It must also of necessity be pronounced when it is 
preceded by d or I, as in the words afforded and hated. § In such words as fallen and 
stolen, therefore, the e is scarcely audible, and in mown, sown, thrown, seen, and several 
others, it has been entirely omitted. 

b. Tho preceding observations apply to the termination le,\\ as in handle and bottle, in 

* The a slender is the proper English a, called by Erpenius in his Arabic Grammar, 
a Anglicum cum e mistum, as having a middle sound between the open a and e. — 
Dr. Johnson. 

t Enthral. In this, and the following words, al is pronounced all, as formerly written. 

% We would rather pronounce these words an'ny and man'ny. En'ny and men'ny sa- 
vour of affectation. 

§ Formerly it was the practice to omit the e in writing, and to mark its absence by an 
apostrophe, as in the vtOTdfollow'd ; but this is no longer dene except by persons of " the 
old school." 

II The termination le has sadly puzzled the lexicographers. Walker calls it "a monster 
in grammar, a syllable without a vowel 1" But the error is in the orthography, and not in 
the pronunciation. The original and proper position of the e was before the I, and it is still 
pronounced as if it were in that position, for the sound of I is le, and not el. Ask a person 
ignorant of the proper orthography of the word model, for instance, to spell it, and he will 
be as likely to make it end in le (moddle), as in el (model). In fact, the mistake is so 
natural a one that even good spoilers sometimes fall into it. It is not surprising, therefore, 
that our old writers should have made so many similar mistakes ; particularly when wo 
recollect that they were so careless and incorrect in their orthography that they frequently 
spelled tho same word in different ways, even in the same page. The same observation's 
apply to re in an unaccented final syllable. It was originally written er, and it is still so 
pronounced. The following couplet from Chaucer exemplifies the old method of spelling 
such words : 

" But all be that he was a philosopJire, 
Yet hadde he but litel gold In cojfre." 

In such words as acre and massacre the transposition was necessary to preserve c hard 
Massacre is sometimes pronounced by the common people as it is written [massacree). 

a 3 



It 



PRINCIPLES OF PRONUNCIATION. 



which e and I have hy a careless orthography — or hy what grammarians call metathesis—' 
changed places. The same may be said of the termination re ; as in centre, sabre, and 
metre, in which r and e have evidently changed places. 

c. In the words clerk, sergeant, Derby, Berkeley, and a few other proper names, e is 
pronounced like a in far. Sheridan has given a similar pronunciation to the e in merchant, 
hut it would now be considered affected or vulgar. Compare the vulgar pronunciation of 
the words se?-ve (sarv), service, servant, vermin, &c. 

d. E is mute at the end of a word, except in monosyllables that have no other vowel, as 
in me, he, be, we; and in words adopted without alteration from the learned languages, as 
epitome, simile, finale. But though e at the end of English words does not constitute an 
additional syllable, yet it modifies or lengthens the preceding vowel ; as in fat, fate ; met, 
mete; pin, pine ; not, note; tub, tube. 



I. 

7. /, as has been already observed, has two sounds ; namely, its long 
diphthongal sound as in pine and title; and its short simple sound, as in 
pin and tit'tle. 

a. In a few words, i before r has the sound of short ii; as in bird, dirt, first, sir, stir, 
third, thirty, thirst; and in a few others it is sounded like short e, as in birth, mirth, fir, 
girl, virtue. But in these, and in all similar words, it would be better to give i its own 
short unaccented sound, which indeed differs little from short e; and such is the present 
tendency. In birch, dirk, flirt, squirt, spirt, for instance, i has recovered its proper sound, 
though these words are pronounced in Walker, burch, durk,flurt, sqwurt, spurt. 

b. In the following words which are derived chiefly from the French language, the French 
or foreign sound of i has been retained. This sound of i coincides with the long sound of 
e in English, as in the word me ; 

Antique. 

Bom basin. 

Brazil. 

Caprice. 

Capuchin. 

Chagrin. 

c. In certain situations i takes the sound of initial y ; as in the words pin' ion, min'ion, 
auxiliary, incend'iary, which are pronounced pin'-yon, min'-yon, auxil'-yary, incend'-yary. 
This is produced by the influence of the preceding accent, which, leaves the i to take its in- 
itial or y sound in the syllable that follows. — See No. 75. 

d. In the unaccented terminations ice, ile, ine, ise, and ite, as in no'tice, fertile, 
gen'uine,fran'chise, and res'pite, the i is usually short ; and in the unaccented termina- 
tion ive, as in motive, it is always so. This is the effect of the accent on the preceding 
syllable. — See No. 79. 



Chemise. 


Oblique. 


Profile. 


Ravine. 


Critique. 


Palanquin. 


Quarantine. 


Recitative. 


Fatigue. 


Pelisse. 


Machine. 


Routine. 


Glacis. 


Pique. 


Marine. 


Tambourine. 


Intrigue. 


Piquant. 


Magazine. 


Tontine. 


Invalid. 


Police. 


Mandarin. 


Unique. 



0. 

8. O, as has been stated in the general rule about vowels, has two 
sounds; namely, its long sound, as in note and noble; and its short sound, 
as in not and ob'ject. 

a. In the following words, and perhaps a few others, short o has acquired the sound of 
short ii, {above being pronounced abiiv ; affront, affriint, &c.) : 



Above. 


Compass. 


Dost. 


Month. 


Somerset. 


Affront. 


Comrade. 


Dove. 


Mother. 


Son. 


Among. 


Combat. 


Dozen. 


None. 


Sovereign. 


Amongst. 


Comfrey. 


Dromedary. 


Nothing. 


Sponge. 


Attorney. 


Conduit. 


Front. 


One. 


Stomach. 


Bomb. 


Coney. 


Glove. 


Onion. 


Thorough. 


Bombard. 


Conjure. 


Govern. 


Other. 


Ton. 


Borough. 


Constable. 


Honey. 


Oven. 


Tongue. 


Brother. 


Covenant. 


Hover. 


Plover. 


Word. 


Cochineal. 


Cover. 


Love. 


Pomegranate. 


Work. 


Colander. 


Covert. 


Lover. 


Pommel. 


Wonder, 


Color. 


Covet. 


Monday. 


Rhomb. 


World. 


Come. 


Covey. 


Money. 


Shove. 


Worry. 


Comely. 


Cozen. 


Monger. 


Shovel. 


Worse. 


Comfit. 


Discomfit. 


Mongrel. 


Sloven. 


Worship. 


Comfort. 


Done. 


Monk. 


Smother. 


Wort. 


Company. 


Doth. 


Monkey. 


Some. 


Worth. 



SOUNDS OR POWERS OF THE VOWELS. V 

b. In a few words, o has the sound of oo (the French ou), as in move, prove (and their 
compounds), behove, lose, do, ado, who, whom, tomb. This sound of o is shortened in the 
words bosom, wolf, woman, Wolsey, Wolverhampton, and Worcester. 

c. Short o is lengthened before r when terminating monosyllables, or when followed by 
another consonant ; as in for and former .* This sound of o is equivalent to the broad Ger- 
man sound of a, and also to the diphthong au. Compare, for example, the words Poll, 
pall, and Paul.— See No. 5, c. 

u. 

9. U, as has been stated in the general rule, f has two sounds ; namely, 
its long diphthongal sound, as in tube, use, and duty ; and its short 
simple sound, as in tub, us, and concussion. 

a. In the following words u has the short sound of oo, as in good. This has been called 
the third or middle sound of u. It is equivalent to the sound of o in bosom, wolf, &c. 
Refer to note b under O. 



Bulnnch.i 


Bulwark. 


Cuckoo. 


Pull. 


Push. 


Bull. 


Bush, 


Cushion. 


Pullet. 


Puss. 


Bullet. 


Bushel. 


Full. 


Pulley. 


Put, v. 


Bullion. 


Butcher. 


Pudding. 


Pulpit. 


Sugar. 



6. When u is preceded by r in the same syllable, it has a sound somewhat longer than 
its third or middle sound too), as in brute, intrude, prudent, rude, ruby, true. 

c. In the words busy and business, u has the sound of short I; and in bury, burial, and 
in the termination bury (from borough, as in Canterbury,) it has the sound of short e (berry). 



10. Y is another form of i, and has the same sounds. Thus in the 
words type and tyrant, we have the long sound of I; and in typical and 
tyranny, its short one. In the beginning of a word, as in yard and 
yesterday, y is pronounced with an aspirate or breathing, which has led 
the generality of grammarians to regard it, in this position, as a different 
letter from i, and to class it as a consonant. But if we substitute i 
for y in such a position, and pronounce it with an aspirate, as in the 
terminations ion and iary, in such words as pin'zora, auxiliary and in- 
cen&'iary, it will be evident that y in the beginning, as well as in the 
middle, and end of a word, is merely another form of i. Compare also 
the sound of i in adieu with the sound of y in you. 

a. In Greek and foreign words, as in type, tyrant, myrrh, and alchymy, § y is not the 
representative of i, but of a different letter. The sound is, however, the same. 

b. Y unaccented at the end of a word, as in glory, has the short sound of if but if 
accented, as in ally, it has, of course, the long sound of i. 

w. 

1 1 . Formerly the letter u was expressed by v, as we may still see by 
looking into any old author. Hence the letter w derives both its form 
iyv) and its name {double u). Like y, w is usually regarded as a con- 
sonant when it begins a word, and as a vowel when it ends a word o? 
syllable. In the latter case, it is merely another form of u, and conse- 
quently a vowel, as in new, flew, vieio, prow, and tow-el ; and in the 
former, it either represents v, as in wine and wool, or is merely u or oo 
aspirated, as in whole and work. Compare the pronunciation of the 
word one, in which w is audibly present. 



* Short a is lengthened before r in a similar way, as in far and farmer. 

t Page ii. 

$. Tbis sound of w is retained in the derivatives of these words, as bullock, fulness, 
peaceful, fulfil, &c. ; and it is also found in some words which seem to be derived from 
them, though of a different origin, as full (to cleanse cloth from oil and grease), fuller, 
fulling- ni'ili, Fulham, &c. 

§ In such words y represents the Greek letter upsh.on or slender u. 



PRINCIPLES OF PRONUNCIATION. 



DIPHTHONGS AND TRIPHTHONGS. 






12. According to Walker, there are twenty-six diphthongs and 
six triphthongs in the English language: 



as 


in Caesar. 


ei 


as in ceiling. 


oa 


as in coat. 


ui 


as in languid. 


, 


aim. 


eo 


,, peopie. 


ce 


„ ceeonomy. 


uy 


„ buy. 


„ 


gan!. 


eu 


„ feud. 


oi 


,, voice. 


aye 


„ (tor ever). 


„ 


taught. 


ew 


„ jewel. 


oo 


,, moon. 


eau 


„ beauty. 


■j j 


law. 


ey 


„ they. 


ou 


„ found. 


eou 


„ plenteous. 


„ 


say. 


ia 


,, poniard. 


ow 


„ now. 


ieu 


„ adieu. 


„ 


clean. 


ie 


,, friend. 


oy 


ji k°y- 


iew 


„ view. 


, 


reed. 


io 


,, passion. 


ue 


„ mansuetude. 


ceu 


„ manoeuvre 



But they maybe reduced to twenty diphthongs, and three triphthongs, 
namely, ai, au, ea, ee, ei, eo, eu, ie, oa, oo, ui, ay, cy, uy, oi, oy, ou, aw, 
ew, ow ; eau, ieu, iew. And if y be regarded as merely another form of 
i, and w of u, it is evident that they may be reduced still further. 

Of the diphthongs enumerated, seventeen have a sound purely 
monophthongal. and hence they have been called improper diphthongs. 
Sheridan calls such combinations digraphs, that is, double written. 
The only proper diphthongs in our language, in which both vowels are 
distinctly heard forming together one syllable, are eu, oi, and on, as 
in the words feud, voice, and found. 

The triphthongs occur only in a few Avords adopted from the 
French language ; as eau in beau, bureau, flambeau, portmanteau ; ieu 
in adieu, lieu, purlieu, and iew in view. Eau has always the sound of 
long o, except in beauty and its compounds, in which it has the sound 
of long u ; and the other two triphthongs, ceu and iew have the diph- 
thongal sound of eu, as in feud and few. Lieutenant and lieutenancy are 
the only exceptions, (in which ieu is pronounced ev.) 



SOUNDS OF THE DIPHTHONGS, 



PROPER AND IMPROPER. 



1 3. The diphthong ce does not properly belong to the English language,* 
and is found only in a few classical words not completely naturalized ; 
as inJEsop, Ccesar, pcean. minutioe, &c. It has the sound of long i; as in 
me ; and it is now usuall}' written without the a,* as in ether, equator, 
and even the proper name Eneas. 

AI. AY. 

14. The diphthong ai has exactly the same sound as the long slender a, 
as in fate. Hence pail, a vessel, is pronounced exactly like pale, a color. 
The diphthong ay is another form of ai, and is pronounced exactly like 
it, as in lay, laid. 

a. In the words again, against, said, and saiih, ai has the sound of short e, as in met; in 
plaid and raillery, it has the sound of short a, as in ?nad and sal' ary ; and in aisle, it is 
pronounced like long i, as in isle- In the word quay, ay is usually pronounced like long e. 

b. In final unaccented syllables, as in mount' ain, ai has the sound of short £. The 
same observation applies to ay in a final unaccented syllable, as in Sunday, Monday, &c. 

AO. 

15. The diphthong ao occurs only in the word gaol, in which it has 



* Dr. Johnson says"^ is no English diphthong, and is more properly expressed by single 
e, as in Cesar, Eneas." But notwithstanding his authority, the a has been retained in 
several words, particularly proper names and technical terms. 



SOUNDS OF THE DIPHTHONGS. 



Vii 



the sound of ax. 
nounced, jail. 



This word is now more properly written as it is pro- 



AU. AW. 

16. The diphthong au has the sound of the broad German a, as in 
fall. Hence haul, to pull or drag, and hall, a large room, are pronounced 
exactly alike. The diphthong aw is another form of au, and is pro- 
nounced exactly like it. 

a. The diphthong au hefore n and another consonant, as in aunt and jaunt, has the long 
Italian sound of a, as in far and father. In some words of this class, however, it is pro- 
nounced, particularly by persons who are ambitious of being thought to speak better than 
their neighbours, like the broad German a, as in the general rule. A vaunt and vaunt are 
perhaps the only words of this class which should be considered as exceptions. The fol- 
lowing list contains nearly ail the words of this class : 

Aunt.* Daunt. Haunch. Laundress. Saunders. 

Askaunt. Haunt. Jaundice. Laundry. Saunter. 

Askaunce. Gaunt. Jaunt. Maund. Saunterer. 

Cfaunch. Gauntlet. Launch. Paunch. Taunt. 

Custom, however, seems still in favor of pronouncing taunt, saunter, and perhaps 
some of the others, as if written tawnt, sawnter, &c. 

b. In the words laugh, draught, and draughts, au has also the sound of a as in far. 

c. In French words, as hautboy and hautgout, au has the sound of long 6; and in 
cauliflower, laurel, and laudanum, it sounds like short 6. 



as in me, except in the 



Bread. 


Feather. 


Breadth. 


Head. 


Breakfast. 


Health. 


Breath. 


Heard. 


Cleanse. 


Hearse. 


Dead. 


Heather. 


Deaf. 


Heaven. 


Dearth. 


Heavy. 


Dreamt. 


Instead. 


Earl. 


Jealous. 


Earn. 


Jealousy. 


Earnest. 


Lead ia metal). 


Endeavour. 


Leant. 



Ready. 


Threaten. 


Realm. 


Treachery. 


Rehearse. 


Tread. 


Seamstress. 


Treadle. 


Search. 


Treasure. 


Spread. 


Treasury. 


Stead. 


Wealth. 


Steady. 


Wealthy. 


Stealth. 


Weapon. 


Stealthy. 


Weather. 


Sweat. 


Yearn. 


Thread. 


Zealot. 


.Threat. 


Zealous. 



EA. 

17. The diphthong en, has the sound of Ion 
following words, and their compounds : 

Learn. 

Leather. 

Leaven. 

Meadow. 

Meant. 

Measure. 

M easurer. 

Pearl. 

Peasant. 

Pheasant. 

Pleasant. 

Pleasure. 

Read \past tense). Threat. 

In the foregoing words, ea has the sound of short c, as in met; but in 
the following words, it has the long slender sound of a, as in fate : 

Bear. Forbear. Greater. Steak. Tear {to rend). 

Bearer. Forswear. Greatest. Swear. Wear. 

Break. Great. Pear. Swearer. Wearer. 

And in the words which follow, ea has the sound of a, as in far : 

Heart. Hearten. Hearth. Hearken. Hearkener. 

It may now be inferred as a general rule, that in all other words 
ea has the sound of long e, as in me. 

EE. 

18. The diphthong ee is, also, pronounced like long e, as in me, except 
in the contracted words eer and neer, and the low word breeches, (winch 
are pronounced air, nair, and britches, f) 



• The u in such words (for it does not really belong to them) must have crept in to re- 
present the drawling and affected pronunciation of a before n, as in can't, shan't, demand, 
&c, which we sometimes hear pronounced cavvn't, shavvn't, demawnd, &c. Staunch, 
the old spelling of stanch, is an additional illustration of this. 

t Shortened from the simple word breech, as in the examples given under No. 74. 



Neighbour. 


Rein-deer. 


Vein. 


Obeisance. 


Skein. 


Weigh. 


Reign. 


Their. 


Weight. 


Rein. 


Veil. 


Weighty. 



Vlll PRINCIPLES OF PRONUNCIATION. 

EI. 

19. The diphthong ei, also, is usually pronounced like the long e in 
me, except in the following words, in which it has the sound of long 
slender a, as in fate : 

Deign. Heinous. 

Eight. Heir. 

Feign. Heiress. 

Freight. Neigh. 

a. In height and sleight, ei has the sound of long i ; and in heifer and non-pareil, of 
short e, (pronounced, hite, slite, hefer, non-par-el'.) 

b. When following an unaccented syllable, as in forfeit, ei has the sound of short », 
as in pin. — See No. 75. 

EO. 

20. The diphthong eo has the sound of long e in people ; of short e, in 
leopard, jeopardy, feoff and its compounds ; of long u, in feod, and its 
compounds ; of long o in yeoman and yeomanry ; and of short 6 in George 
and Georgic. In galleon, a Spanish ship, it formerly had the sound of 
oo, as in moon ; but now the word is usually pronounced in three sylla- 
bles (gal'-le-on). 

a. When following an accented syllable, as in sur'geon, eo has the sound of short m, 
as in tub. — See No. 75. 

EU. EW. 

21. In etc both of the vowels are sounded, as in the word feud, and 
hence this is one of the proper diphthongs. EW is another form of 
eu, and has precisely the same sound. 

a. In sew, sewer, and the proper name Shrewsbury, ew has the sound of Jong o; also, 
in shew, but this word is now more properly written show. And sewer, a drain, is com- 
monly pronounced, and sometimes written, shore. Strew is now regularly pronounced, 
stroo, and is scarcely ever written strow. 

EY. 

22. The diphthong ey has the same sound as ai and ay, that is, of long 
slender a, as in. fate. 

a. When following an accented syllable, as in valley, ey is pronounced quickly and 
obscurely, like as' and ay in a similar position. — See No. 14, b\ and No. 75. 

b. In the words key and ley, which seem to be the only exceptions, ey has the sound of 
long e, as in me. 

IA. 

23. For the sound of the combination ia after an accented syllable, 
as in poniard, see No. 76. 

IE. 

24. The diphthong ie has usually the long sound of e, as in the words 
Held, fiend, grieve. The diphthongs ea, ee, ei, and ie, are, therefore, ge- 
nerally speaking, pronounced alike. 

a. In friend and its compounds, ie has the sound of short e ; and there is a strong dis- 
position to give it a similar sound in fierce, pierce, and tierce. In kerchief and handker- 
chief, it has the sound of short i. 

OA. 

25. The diphthong oa has the sound of long d, as in the words boat, 
coat, loaf. The only exceptions seem to be, groat, broad, and abroad, 
in winch oa sounds Like aw. 



SOUNDS OF THE DIPHTHONGS. ix 

CE. 

26. The diphthong ce is pronounced like ce, and the same observa- 
tions are applicable to it — to which refer. 

a. In the words canoe and shoe, oe is pronounced like oo ; and in does (from the verb 
do) it has the sound of short u. 

01. OY. 

27. In oi both of the vowels are sounded, as in the word boil ; and 
hence this is one of the proper diphthongs. Oy is another form of oi, 
and has the same sound. 

00. 

28. The regular sound of the diphthong oo is heard in the words 
moon, soon, fool, food, &c. 

a. The regular sound of oo is shortened in several words ; as in the following : 
Wool. Good. Foot. Book. Look. 
Wood. Hood. Stood. Cook. Took. 

This sound of oo is equivalent to the third sound of u, as in bull. — See No. 9, a. 

b. In blood and flood, oo has the sound of short u, as in mud; and iu door, floor, of 
long 6, as in more. 

ou. ow. 

29. When both of the vowels are sounded, as in sour, ou is a proper 
diphthong ; but when only one of them is heard, as in source, it is a 
digraph or improper diphthong. The proper or diphthongal sound 
of ou is heard in the words noun, found, pound, &c. 

a. In several words ou has the sound of long 6 ; as in the following : 



Although. 


Courtier. 


Fourteen. 


Mourn. 


Shoulder. 


Borough. 


Concourse. 


Furlough. 


Poultice. 


Smoulder. 


Bourn. 


Discourse. 


Intercourse. 


Poultry. 


Soul. 


Coulter. 


Dough. 


Mould. 


Poulterer. 


Source. 


Course. 


Doughy. 


Mouldy. 


Pour. 


Thorough. 


Court. 


Four. 


Moult. 


Resource. 


Though. 


b. In the following words, and perhaps a few others 


i, ou has the : 


sound of short u: 


Adjourn. 


Courteous. 


Journal. 


Roughness. 


Toughness. 


Bourgeon. 


Cousin. 


Jouvney. 


Scourge. 


Touch. 


Chough. 


Enough. 


Journeyman. 


Slough* 


Touchy. 


Country. 


Flourish. 


Joust. 


Southern. 


Young. 


Couple. 


Gournet. 


Nourish. 


Southerly. 


Youngster. 


Courage. 


Housewife. 


Rough. 


Tough. 


Younker. 


c. In the following words, ou 


has what may be called its French sound, which, as we 


have seen before, 


is equivalent to oo in coo, or single o in move. 




Accoutre. 


Contour. 


Ragout. 


Sou, sous. 


Tourmaline. 


Amour. 


Could. 


Rendezvous. 


Surtout, 


Uncouth. 


Bouquet. 


Croup. 


Rouge. 


Through. 


You. 


Bouse. 


Croupier. 


Route. 


Toupee. "> 
Toupet. ) 


Your. 


Bousy. 


Gout (goo). 


Routine. 


Youth. 


Capouch. 


Group. 


Should. 


Tour. 


Would. 


Cartouch. 


Paramour. 


Soup. 


Tourist. 


Wound. 



This sound of ou is shortened in the words could, should, and would. Compare with 
this sound, the short sound of oo, as in wool, and the third sound of u, as in bull. 

d. In the following words ou has the sound of au, which, as we have seen before, is 
equivalent to the broad German a, as in fall. 

Besought. Brought. Methought. Ought. Thought. 

Bought. Fought. Nought. Sought. Wrought. 

e. In the words cough and trough (which rhyme with off and scoff,) ou has the sound of 
short o ; also, in lough and shough (which are pronounced lock and shock). 

OW. 

30. Ow is another form of ou, and like it, when both of the vowels 
are sounded, as in now, it is a proper diphthong ; but when only one 

* Slough ; that is, when it means the cast skin of a serpent. 



X PRINCIPLES OF PRONUNCIATION. 

of them is heard, as in blow, it is a digraph or improper diphthong. 
Its diphthongal or proper sound is the same as ou, and is heard in the 
following words, now, brow, town, gown, shower, bower, vowel, &c. 
a. Like ou, ow has in several words the sound of long o, as in : 

Below. Glow. Low. Owner. Sown. 

Bestow. Grow. Lower. Row. Snow. 

Blow. Grower. Lowest. Rower. Stow. 

Bow. Grown. Mow. Show. Throw. 

Crow. Growth, Mower. Slow. Thrown. 

Flow. Know. Owe. Sow. Thrower 

Flown. Known. Own. Sower. Trow. 

Six of the preceding words have also the regular or diphthongal sound, but in that case 
they have different meanings, and are, in fact, with the exception of the word bow, differ- 
ent words. Refer to the " Words similarly spelled, but differently pronounced," for the 
meaning of Bow, Low, Lower, Mow, Row, and Sow. 

OY. 

31. This diphthong is another form of oi, and is similarly pronounced. 

UA. 

32. When the a in this combination is pronounced, the u has the 
sound of w, which unites both into one syllable, as in the words assuage, 
equal, language, &c, (pronounced asswa'ge, e'qwal, lang'gwage.) 

a. In a few words, u before a is silent ; as in guard, guardian,* guarantee, and piquant. 
Also, in the words victuals, victualling , and victualler (pronounced vit'tdls, &oJ In the 
word mantuamaker,\ the a is commonly omitted in tho pronunciation, but in the proper 
oaiue Mantua, both vowels are distinctly pronounced. 

UE. 

33. When the e in this combination is pronounced, the u, as in ua, 
has the sound of w, as in question, quench, and desuetude, (pronounced 
qwest'ijun, qwench, des'swetude.) 

a. In a few words the u is silent before e, as in guess, guest, and guerdon. In such 
A-ords, the u has been inserted to preserve the hard sound of g. If it were omitted, the 
pronunciation would be jess, jest, &c. In the word conquer also, and its compounds, the 
u is usually omitted in the pronunciation ; but conquest follows the general rule. 

b. When ue ends a word, as in due, the e is of course mute, and the u has its long sound; 
except in words where r precedes u, as in true, iu which case it is pronounced like oo. 
• — See note d, No. 6. 

c. In the termination gue, as in brogue, plague, league, intrigue, both the vowels are 
silent, but they are not without use, for the u keeps theg' hard, and the e, generally, gives 
the long sound to the preceding vowel. The same observations apply to the termination 

ue, as in opaque and antique. But in the termination ogue in words derived from the 
k, the o has the short sound, as in dialogue, pedagogue, &c. 



c 



TJI. UY. 

34. When both vowels of this diphthong are pronounced, the u has 
the sound of w, as in anguish, languid, linguist, penguin.^ Compare the 
sound of u before a or e in the same syllable. 

a. In a few words tho u before i is silent, as in guide, guild, guilt, guinea, guise. In 
such words, the u has been inserted to preserve the^ hard ; and in biscuit and circuit, § 
the u serves a similar purpose. But in such words as build and conduit,§ the u, according 
to their present pronunciation, is superfluous. 

b. When ui is preceded by r, as in bruise, fruit, and recruit, the i is silent and the u is 
pronounced like oo. Juice, sluice, suit, and pursuit are similarly pronounced. 

* Pronounced gard, gard'yan, garantee, and pee'kant. 

+ Mantuamaker. This word is not connected with tho proper name Mantua, 

% Pronounced ang'gwish, lang'gwid, lin'gwist, pen'gwin. 

§ Pronounced bis'kit, cir'kit, cun'dit. 



SOUNDS OR POWERS OF THE CONSONANTS. 21 

UO. 

35. In this combination, u has the sound of w, as in the words : 

Quondam. Quota. Quotation. Quotidian. Siliquous. 

Quorum. Quote. Quoth. Quotient. Siliquose. 

a. The words quoif and quoit are similarly pronounced ; but they are now usually 
written coif and coit, and pronounced as they aro spelled. 

UY. 

36. This is another form of the diphthong ui, and is similarly pro- 
nounced. When the u is pronounced, it has the sound of w, as in 
obloquy ; and the y has always the sound of i long, if under the accent, 
as in buy'er ; and short, if unaccented, as in plaguy. 

UOY. 

37. This diphthong occurs only in the word buoy, which should he 
pronounced btuoy, the u in this position having the sound of w. 



CONSONANTS. 

38. The sounds or powers of the consonants are exemplified in the 
following Table. 



Letters. 


Sounds. 


Letters. 


Sounds. 


B 

C hard 


Ban, ben, bin, bond, bun. 
Cat, cot, cut. 


M 

N 


Man, men, middle, model, 
muddle. 

Nab, neb, nib, not, nut. 


C soft 


Cell, cit, cypress. 


P 


Pan, pen, pin, pond, pun. 


D 

F 


Dan, den, din, dome, dun. 
Fan, fen, fin, fond, fund. 


Q 
B, 


Quarter, question, quick, 
quondam. 

Rat, red, rid, rod, rut. 


G hard 


Gad, got, gun. 


s 


Sat, set, sit, sot, sutler. 


G soft 


Gem, gm, gipsy. 


T 


Tan, ten, tin, tome, tun. 


H 


Hat, hen, hit, hot, hut. 


V 


Vast, vest, vista, volume, 
vulgar. 


J 


Jam, join, jet, jig, jog, jug. 


x=/« 


Tax (tacks), box (bocks). 


K 


Khan, ken, kill, koran. 


X~* 


Xanthus, Xenophon, xebec. 


L 


Land, lend, lint, long, lung. 


z 


Zany, zenith, zinc, zone, 
zumia. 



39. B has one unvaried sound, such as it has in other languages. It is allied to p in 
sound, and is, in fact, the fiat or soft articulation of it. Compare their sounds as given in 
the preceding Table. 

B is mute when followed by t in the same syllable, as in debt, debtor { or, when it ia 
preceded by an m, as in lamb and dumb, except in rhomb and succumb. 



40. C is a redundant letter, having in every case the sound of either k or s. The former 
is called its hard, and the latter its soft sound. Before the vowels a, o, or u, c has the 
sound of k, as in cat, cut, cut; and before e, t, or y, it has the sound of s, as in cell, cit, 
cypress. 



Xll PRINCIPLES OF PRONUNCIATION. 

In sceptic and its compounds, c, though before e, has the sound of k ; and in the words 
indict, victuals, and their compounds, it is silent. 

When c following an accent, combines with ea, ia, to, eous, or ious, it has the sound of 
sh ; as in o'cean, so'cial, ceta'ceous, gra'cious. See No. 75. 

CH. 

41. This combination has the sound of tsh rapidly pronounced ; as in chance, chat, chin. 
In some French words, not completely naturalized, ch sounds like sh ; as in champaign, 
chaise, machine. It has also the sound of sh in English words ending in Ich or nch ; as 
in bilch, bench, &c. In words derived from the learned languages, ch has usually the sound 
of k, as in chaos, conch, school, stomach. In Scripture names it is also pronounced like k, 
as in Enoch. The Greek prefix, arch, is pronounced artch before a consonant, as in arch- 
bishop ; but before a vowel it is pronounced hard (ark), as in archangel. In words of 
our own composition, it is sometimes pronounced artch before a vowel, as in arch-enemy. 
It is mute in the words, drachm, schedule, schism, yacht. 

D. 

42. D has one uniform sound, as in the examples given in the preceding table. It is 
allied to t in sound, and has been often substituted for it, as in most of the irregular verbs, 
and other contracted words. 

X), like its cognate letter t, is often mispronounced by the uneducated Irish. Thus, 
though they sound the d correctly in the positive degree of such words as proud, loud, 
broad, yet in the comparative, they thicken it by an aspiration, and pronounce it as if writ- 
ten dh (proudher, loudher, broadher.) The same observation applies to t in such cases, as 
in Jitter [fitther), hotter {hotther), and all words similarly formed, as water, butter, 
&c. This is a very vulgar pronunciation, and should be avoided. And it is easy to do so ; 
for as they pronounce the d or t properly in loud, broad, Jit, and hot, they have only to pro- 
nounce the first syllable distinctly, and then add without an aspiration the termination er. 
The affected pronunciation of these letters, d and t, in such words as education and actual, 
Bhould bo equally avoided. — See page xvii. 

F. 

43. -Fhas one uniform sound, as in the examples in the preceding table. It is allied 
to v in sound, and in the preposition of, it is pronounced exactly like v (ov). But in com- 
position, as in whereof, the f has its own sound. 

G. 

44. G has two sounds, the one hard, as in gad, got, gun ; and the other soft, as in gem, 
gin, gipsy. Like c it is hard before a, o, or u, and soft before e, i, or y, except in a few 
words of Saxon origin, in which it has its hard sound, though before e or i, as : 



Anger. 


Geek. 


Gig. 


Girdle. 


Meager. 


Conger. 


Geese. 


Giggle. 


Girl. 


Monger. 


Eager. 


Get. 


Gild. 


Girth. 


Stronger. 


Finger. 


Gibber. 


Gill (of a fish). 


Gizzard. 


Strongest. 


Forget. 


Gibberish. 


Gimlet. 


Give. 


Target. 


Forgot. 


Gibcat. 


Gimp. 


Linger. 


Together. 


Forgive. 


Giddy. ■ 


Gingham. 


Longer. 


Younger. 


Gear. 


Gift. 


Gird. 


Longest. 


Youngest. 



a. G is mute before n in the same syllable, as in gnaw, gnat, sign, impugn, which are 
pronounced, naw, nat, sine, impune. But though g is silent, it gives the preceding vowel 
its long sound, as in the examples just given. — See No. 33. c. G is also mute before m in 
the same syllable, as in phlegm, diaphragm, paradigm. But if the n or m after g is carried 
to the next syllable, the g is pronounced, as as-sig-na-tion, phleg-?naf-ic. 

b. Gh, in tho beginning of a word, has the sound of hard g, as in ghost, gherkin; but at 
the end of a word it is usually silent, as in high, though, bought. In some words it has 
the sound of/, as in laugh, tough, draught, &c. In shough, hough, and lough, it has the 
sound of k, and in burgh, burgher, and burghership, the g oDly is heard. 

H. 
45. This letter does not represent an articulate sound, but is merely a mark or sign of 
aspiration, denoting that the vowel following it should be pronounced with a strong emis- 
sion of breath, as in hand, horse, hat. At the beginning of a word it should always be 
sounded, except in the following : 

Heir, Heiress. Honesty. Honorary. Hour. Humour 

Herb. Honor. Hospital. Humble. Humorous. 

Honest. Honorable. Hostler. Humbleness. Humorsome. 

H is always silent after r, as in rhapsody, rhetoric, rheumatism, rhubarb, rhyme. 

By the English, particularly by the natives of London, h after w is usually sunk in the 
pronunciation, as in the words when, what, whig, while, whim, &o. This is an affected 
pronunciation, and should be avoided. 



Alms. 


Calve. 


Auln. 


Chaldron. 


Balk. 


Chalk. 


Balm. 


Could. 


Calf. 


Falcon. 



Palm. 


Should. 


Psalm. 


Stalk. 


Qualm. 


Talk. 


Salmon. 


Walk. 


Salve. 


Would. 


Shalm. 


Yolk. 



SOUNDS OB POWERS OF THE CONSONANTS. Xlll 

J. 

46. J is always pronounced like soft g, except in the word hallelujah, in which it has 
the sound of initial y.* 

K. 

47. K has the hard sound of c, and is used before e and i, where, according to English 
analogy, c would be soft, as in kept, king, skirt. Before n in the same syllable, k is always 
silent, as in knee, know. 

L. 

48. L has the same liquid sound as in other languages. It is silent in the following words : 

Almond. Calm. Folk. 

Fusil. 

Half. 

Halser. 

Halve. 

Malmsey. 

But though I is mute in psalm and alms, it should be pronounced in psalmist, psalmody, 
and almoner, because the m is detached from it, and in a different syllable. 

Le at the end of words, is pronounced as originally written, el. See note |], page iii. 

M. 

49. M has one uniform sound, as in the examples given in the preceding Table. It is 
never silent, except in accomptant and comptroller, which are now written accountant 
and controller. 

N. 

50. .IVhas one uniform sound, as in the examples given in the preceding Table. 

It is mute after m in the same syllable, as column, condemn, hymn, limn. If the n, 
however, is detached from the m, and carried to the next syllable, it is pronounced, as in 
condem 'nation, solem'nize. But as participles should have the same sound as their verbs, 
with the addition of the termination ing or ed, it is contrary to analogy to say hym-ning, 
hym-ned, condem-ning, condem-ned, &c. 

P. 

51. P has one uniform sound, as in the examples in the preceding Table. Compare the 
sound of b, with which it is closely allied. 

P is mute before s or t in the beginning of words, as in psalm, pseudo, ptisan, Ptolemy. 
It is also mute between m and t in the middle or end of words, as in empty, \ sumptuous, 
tempt, exempt. It is also silent in receipt and corps (core.) 

PH. 

52. Ph has the sound of f, and is found only in words derived from the Greek, as in 
Philip, philosopher, and phantom. In nephew and Stephen, it has the sound of v ; in 
diphthong, triphthong, and naphtha, the p only is heard; while in apophthegm, phthisis, 
and phthisical, both letters are silent, (pronounced ap'-o-them, ti'-cis, tiz'-zi-cal.) In sap- 
phire, the first p is dropped in the pronunciation. 

Q. 

53. Q has the power of k, and is always, as in other languages, followed by u. pronounced 
like w, as in quake, quest, quill, quote, (pronounced kwake, kwest, &c.) But in a few 
words derived from the French, the u after q is silent, as in coquet, etiquette, harlequin, 
masquerade, quadrille, and quatercousin. Also, in liquor, and in conquer and its com- 
pounds, qu has the sound of k. 

B,. 

54. " R (says Dr. Johnson) has the same rough, snarling sound, as in other tongues." 
Hence it has been called the canine, or " dogs' letter." Its sound is exemplified in the 
preceding Table. 

Re in a final unaccented syllable, is pronounced like weak or unaccented er,% as in the 
following words. 

Massacre. Nitre. Sepulchre. 

Metre. Ochre. Spectre. 

Mitre. Sabre. Theatre. 

* In this word } Is really y, for it represents i, as in Troja for Troia. Com pare jot and iota. 

j Empty. This is rather a colloquial pronunciation of these words : on all grave or solemn occasions 
It would he better to give the p its full sound. 

i In all languages the letter r is subject to metathesis, or transposition ; and hence, In the unaccented 
termination re, it has changed places with e. It is, however, still pronounced as if it were after the e. See 
note U. page iii. 



Accoutre. 


Fibre. 


Acre. 


Lucre. 


Centre. 


Lustre. 



PRINCIPLES OF PRONUNCIATION. 



55. S has a hissing sound, as in the examples given in the preceding Table. Hence it 
has been called " the hissing letter." 

S single at the end of a word, has a grosser sound like that of z, as in has and was, ex- 
cept in gas, this, thus, us, and the termination ous, as in pious. And in all words ending 
in sion, preceded by a vowel, as in occasion, cohesion, incision, explosion, and confusion, 
s has the sound of z ; but if a consonant precede sion, s is pronounced like sh, as in expan- 
sion, extension, &c. It has also the sound of z in all words ending in ier, as crosier and 
hosier ; also in the words measure, pleasure, and treasure. It is mute in aisle, isle, 
island, demesne, puisne, and viscount. In sure and sugar it has the sound of sh. 

T. 

56. T.is allied to d in sound, and has in several words been substituted for it.* Com- 
pare their sounds in the examples given in the preceding Table. 

T has the sound of sh in all terminations in Hon, as in nation and notion, except when 
t or x precedes, as in bastion, question, mixtion, &e. The same rule applies to termina- 
tions in tied, as martial and nuptial, except when s precedes, as in bestial and celestial. 

TH. 

57. The combination th has two sounds, the one soft or flat, as in thus ; and the othei 
hard or sharp, as in think. In some words, as in Thomas, thyme, and asthma, it is pro- 
nounced like simple t. 

V. 

58. V is allied to/in sound. Compare their sounds as given in the examples in the pre- 
ceding Table. V is never silent, except in the colloquial pronunciation of twelvemonth. 

W. 

59. See this letter under the vowels, page v. 

In some words w is silent, as in answer. It is always silent before r, as in wrong, 
wrap, wrist, &c. 

X. 

60. X begins no English word. It is compounded of ks, and has the same sound, as in 
tax, fox, sex, (which are pronounced as if written taks, foks, seks.) At the beginning of 
a word it has the sound of z, as in Xenophon. 

Y. 

61 . See this letter under the vowels, page vi. 



62. This letter begins no word originally English. Dr. Johnson says that it has the 
sound, as its name izzard or 5 hard expresses, of an s uttered with closer compression of the 
palate by the tongue, as freeze, puze ; but Walker affirms, that if this bo the meaning of 
izzard, it is a great misnomer, for the z is not the hard but the soft *. It is the flat s, and 
bears the same relation to it as b docs to p, d to t, hard g toj, and v to/. It is now called 
by it3 French name zed. 

Z, like s, goes into an aspiration (zh) before a diphthong or diphthongal vowel after the 
accent, as in glazier, azure, &c. 

* As in many of the irregular verbs, and other contracted words. 



PRINCIPLES OF PRONUNCIATION. ST 



ORTHOEPY, 



CORRECT PRONUNCIATION OF WORDS. 



63. The difficulties of pronunciation arise from the nature of lan- 
guage; the imperfections of alphabets;* and the ignorance, carelessness, 
or affectation of the generality of speakers. 

These difficulties are so numerous, that it would be impossible to 
notice them all, even in the most cursory manner, in the space which we 
have prescribed to ourselves. 

We shall, however, give a few general principles which will be found 
to embrace almost all that is useful in practice. 

64. The analogies of the language, the authority of lexicograph- 
ers, and above all, the custom of the most correct and elegant speakers, 
are the guides to which we must refer in all cases of difficulty. Nor can 
these difficulties, in every case, be resolved by such references ; for we 
shall often find analogy opposed to analogy, authority to authority, and 
custom divided, even among the most elegant speakers. The following 
oassage from " Boswell's Life of Johnson" will serve as an illustration : 

"BoswEi.t,. — 'It may be of use. Sir, to have a dictionary to ascertain the pronunciation.' 

"Johnson. — 'Why, Sir, my dictionary shows you the accents of words, if you can but 
remember them.' 

" Bosavell. — 'But, Sir, we want marks to ascertain the pronunciation of the vowels, 
Sheridan, I believe, has finished such a work.' 

"Johnson. — 'Why, Sir, consider how much easier it is to learn a language by the ear, 
than by any marks. Sheridan's dictionary may do very well ; but you cannot always carry 
it about with you : and when you want the word, you have not the dictionary. It is like a 
man who has a sword that will not draw. It is an admirable sword to be sure : but while 
your enemy is cutting your throat, you are unable to use it. Besides, Sir, what entitles 
Sheridan to fix the pronunciation of English ? 1 He has, in the first place, the disadvantage 
of being an Irishman ; and if he says he will fix it after the example of the best company, 
why, they differ among themselves. I remember an instance : when I published the plan 

* A perfect alphabet would imply that the different sounds of the human voice had been 
carefully analyzed, and accurately ascertained; and that to each of these sounds, so ascer- 
tained, a sign or character was attached which should represent that sound and no other. 
But this is not the case in our, nor indeed in any alphabet. In some cases, we have dis- 
tinct sounds without proper or peculiar signs to represent them, and in others, we have 
two or more different signs or characters for the same sound. Our alphabet is, therefore, 
both defective and redundant. The very first letter of the alphabet, for instance, repre- 
sents, without alteration or external change, four different and distinct sounds ; and with 
regard to all the other vowels, and several of the consonants, similar observations might be 
made. Hence the difficulties and inconsistencies in pronunciation and spelling. 

t Sheridan's Dictionary was acknowledged, however, even by Walker, " to be generally 
.superior to every thing that preceded it, and his method of conveying the sound of words 
by spelling them as they are pronounced, highly rational and useful." And Webster, the 
American lexicographer, thus speaks of his work : " His analysis of the English vowels is 
very critical, and in this respect, there has been little improvement by later writers, though 
I think none of them are perfectly correct. But in the application of his principles, he 
failed of his object. In general, however, it may be asserted that his notation does'not 
•warrant a tenth part as many deviations from the present respectable usage in England as 
Walker's/' 



XVi PRINCIPLES OF PRONUNCIATION. 

for my dictionary, Lord Chesterfield told me the word great should he pronounced so as to 
rhyme to state ; and Sir William Yonge sent me word that it should be pronounced so as 
to rhyme to seat, and that none but an Irishman would pronounce it grait. Now, here 
were two men of the highest rank, the one the best speaker in the House of Lords, and 
the other the best speaker in the House of Commons, differing entirely.' "* 

In this case, the pronunciation of Lord Chesterfield prevailed, f though 
opposed to analogy, because he was considered the most polite speaker 
of his day ; and in all similar cases, the analogies of the language, and 
the opinions of lexicographers must give way to what is considered the 
usage of the best and most polite speakers. 

65. In cases in which custom or authority is divided, we should give 
the preference to the pronunciation which is most in accordance with 
analogy. The word Borne for instance, should be pronounced Rome 
rather than Room; and this is beginning to be the case, though the latter 
pronunciation was once thought " irrevocably fixed in the language. "J 

66. The three great and prevailing errors in pronunciation are, 
vulgarity, pedantby, and affectation. Against each of these 
faults we should be constantly on our guard ; but most of all against 
affectation ; for it is by far the most odious. 

67. The following excellent observations from Dr. Johnson deserve 
particular attention. 

" For pronunciation, the best general rule is to consider those of the most elegant 
speakers who deviate least from the written words. Of English, as of all living tongues, 
there is a double pronunciation, one cursory and colloquial, the other regular and solemn. 
The cursory pronunciation is always vague and uncertain, being made different in different 
mouths by negligence, unskilfulness, and affectation. The solemn pronunciation, though 
by no means immutable and permanent, is always less remote from the orthography, and 
less liable to capricious innovation. They [lexicographers] have, however, generally 
formed their tables according to the cursory speech of those with whom they happen to 
converse ; and, concluding that the whole nation combines to vitiate language in one man- 
ner, have often established the jargon of the lower people as the model of speech." 

Walker, though he had this caution before his eyes, has not always 
profited by it; for, in numerous instances, he has given the colloquial, 
and even vulgar pronunciation as " the model of speech." For in- 
stance, he gives avrun as the pronunciation of Apron ; turn of Iron, and 
a-pos-sl of Apostle'. He also, in large classes of words, favors affected 
pronunciation; as in the word ed-ju-ca~shun, which he calls "an elegant 

* And on the same subject, the great Doctor observes of himself—" Sir, when people 
watch me narrowly, and I do not watch myself, they will find me out to be of a particular 
county. In the same manner. Dunning may be found out to be a Dovonshire man. So 
most Scotchmen may be found out." 

t Through the same influence the i in the word oblige lost its foreign or French sound. 
For till the publication of his "Letters," in which tins pronunciation is proscribed, oblige 
was usually pronounced obleege ; as by Pope in the following well-known lines : 

•* Dreadin? ev'n fools, by flatterers besieged, 
And so obliging that he ne'er obliged" {obleeged.) 

$ See Walker on this word. The pun which he quotes from Shakspeare, as a proof of 
the pronunciation of the word Rome in his time — 

" Now it i3 Rome indeed, and room enough, 
Since its wide walls encompass but one man"— 

may bo answered by another from the same author in favor of the other pronunciation. 
In the first part of Henry VI. A. 3, S. 1, the Bishop of Winchester exclaims, "Rome 
shall remedy this;" to which Warwick retorts " Roam thither then." In Pope, too, au- 
thority for both pronunciations may be found, as in the following couplets : 

" From the same foes at last both felt their doom; 
And the same age saw learning fail and Rome." 

"Thus when we view some well-proportioned dome, 
The world's just wonder, and even thine O Rome." 

If a rule such as 13 suggested above were followed, these, and all similar anomalies, would 
soon disappear. 



PRINCIPLES OF PRONUNCIATION. 



pronunciation of Education."* The following are a few of the numerous 
examples that occur in his Dictionary. (His pronunciation is given after 
each word.) 



Actual, actshual. 
Actuate, actshuate. 
Advonture, adventshure. 
Agriculture, agriculshure. 
Aperture, apertshure. 
Architecture, architectshure. 
Cincture, cinctsbure. 
Congratulate, cougratshulate. 
Constituent, constitshuent. 
Conventual, conventshual. 
Courteous, courtsheus. 
Creature, creatshure. 
Culture, cultshure. 
Debenture, debentshure. 
Departure, departshure. 
Effectual, effectshual. 
Estuary, estshuary. 
Eventual, eventsliual. 
Expostulate, expostshulate. 
Feature, featshure. 
Fistula, fistshula. 
Flatulence, fiatshulence. 
Fluctuate, fluctshuate. 
Fortune, fortshune. 
Fracture, fraetshure. 
Furniture, fumitshure. 
Future, futshure. 
Garniture, garnitshure. 
Gesture, gestshure. 
Guttural, guttsliural. 
Habitual, habitshual. 
Horticulture, hortieultshure. 
Illnature, illnatshure. 
Impetuous, impetshuus. 
Importunate, importshunate. 
Importune, importshune. 
Imposture, impostshure. 
Indenture, indentshure. 
Infatuate, infatshuate. 
Intellectual, intellectsliual. 
Jointure, jointsburo. 
Juncture, juuetshure. 
Lecture, lectsbure. 
Legislature, logislatsbure. 
Mantua, uutntshua. 
Manufacture, manufactshure. 
Misfortune, misfortshune. 



Mixture, mixtshure. 

Moisture, moistshure. 
Mutual, inutskual. 
Nature, natshure. 
Natural, natshural. 
Nurture, nurtsbure. 
Overture, overtshure. 
Pasture, pastshure. 
Perpetual, perpetshual. 
Picture, pictshure. 
Piteous, pitcheus. 
Plenteous, plentshus. 
Posture, postshure. 
Postulate, postshulate. 
Presumptuous, presumptshuus. 
Punctual, punctshual. 
Puncture, puuetshure. 
Pustule, pustshule. 
Rapture, raptshure. 
Ritual, ritsh.ual. 
Rupture, ruptshure. 
Sanctuary, sanctshuary. 
Saturate, satsh urate. 
Scripture, scriptshure. 
Sculpture, sculptshure. 
Sep tu agin t, septsbuagint. 
Situate, sitsbuate. 
Spiritual, spiritshual. 
Statuary, statsbuary. 
Statue, statshue. 
Stricture, strictshure. 
Structure, structsbure. 
Sumptuous, sumptshuua. 
Suture, sutshure. 
Tempestuous, tempestshuus. 
Texture, textshure. 
Tincture, tinctshure. 
Titular, titshular. 
Torture, tortshure. 
Tumultuous, tumultsbuus. 
Unctuous, uugktshuus. 
Vesture, vestsbure. 
Venture, ventsbure. 
Virtue, virtshue. 
Voluptuous, voluptshuus. 
Vulture, vultshure. 
Wafture, waftshure. 



Nor is Walker consistent in his pronunciation of such words, In 
the following words, for example, the tu is assigned its plain or unaf- 
fected sound, and not tshu, as in others. 



Investiture. 
Judicature. 



Ligature. 
Literature. 



Miniature. 
Quadrature. 



Signature. 
Temperature. 



And in the following words, the learner is left to take his choice be- 
tween what we think should be called the affected and unaffected pro- 



nunciations : 

Commodious. 

Dividual. 

Duteous. 



Fastidious. 

Frontier. 

Gradient. 



Gradual. 

Guardian. 

Hideous. 



Immediacy. 
Incendiary. 
Incredulous. 



• He also calls ke-ard, he-art, ghe-ard, and re-ghe-ard, polite pronunciations of tbe 
words card, cart, guard, and regard. 



PRINCIPLES OF PRONUNCIATION. 



Individual. 


Meteor. 


Obdurate. 


Radient. 


Insidious. 


Melodious. 


Odium. 


Radius. 


Intermedial. 


Meridian. 


Odious. 


Sardius. 


Invidious. 


Modulate. 


Ordeal. 


Sedulous- 


Mediocrity. 


Noctidial. 


Predial. 


Studious. 


Medium. 


Obduracy. 


Radiate. 


Tedious. 



Again, in Obedience and Obedient, be changes the d into j, while in 
Disobedience and Disobedient the sound of d is retained. Compare also 
his pronunciation of Medium and Mediate, Radiate and Irradiate, In- 
sidious and Assiduous.* 

It should be observed, however, that Sheridan was the first to intro- 
duce this affected mode of pronunciation by the change of tu into chu 
or tshu; as in Tune, which he pronounces tshoon; Tutor, tshooter; Tu- 
mult, tshoomult ; Nature, natshur ; Virtue, virtshu, &c. His change, 
too, of s into sh, as in siiooperb (Superb), shooperfluity (Superfluity), 
shoodorific, (Sudorific), &c, is, and always was, a vulgar pronunciation. 

68. Every word of twof or more syllables has in pronunciation a cer- 
tain accent, that is, a peculiar stress or force laid upon a particular 
syllable. 

If the accent in any word is misplaced, the pronunciation is injured 
or destroyed. Compare, for instance, the different pronunciations of 
Refuse, Desert, and Minute, according as the accent is placed on the 
first or second syllable. 

a. Some words, in addition to the principal, have a secondary, J or 
weaker accent ; as in, 

Ad'verti"se. Ab'sente"e. Ac'eiden"tal. Com'plaisan"t. 

Ar"tisau'. Ben"efac'tor. Ag"ricul'ture. Con'versa"tion. 

69. The general tendency of our language is to accent the root, and not 
the termination of a word. Hence the natural position of the accent 
in English words is in the first syllable. As a general rule, therefore, 
English or "Saxon words should have the accent on the first syllable. 

This general rule is exemplified not only by the usual position of the 
accent in English or Saxon words, particularly in dissyllables and 
trisyllables, but also by the tendency which we observe in our lan- 
guage to bring words of foreign origin under the English or radical 
accent. The words Mem'oir, Bou'quet, and Res'ervoir, for instance, 
have been brought under the English accent ; and Complaisant, Balcony, 
Revenue, Cravat, Saline, Glacis, and many others, are on the way. 
Ifence, also, the popular pronunciation of the word Police (namely 
po'-lis) ; and the colloquial, but now recognised pronunciation of Boat- 
swain, {bo'sn), Cockswain (cock'sn) Cupboard (cub'burd), &c. Many 
foreign words, however, particularly French, have struggled successfully 
against the English tendency, as : 



Antique. 


Critique. 


Palanquin. 


Ravine. 


Brazil. 


Fascine. 


Profile. 


Recitative. 


Borubasin. 


Fatigue. 


Quarantine. 


Repartee. 


Caprice. 


Grimace. 


Machine. 


Routine. 


Capuchin.. 


Invalid. 


Marine. 


Tambourine. 


Chagrin. 


Pelisse. 


Magazine. 


Tontine. 


Chemise. 


Police. 


Mandarin. 


Unique. 



* In cne of the words a choice is left; in the other, not. These observations are not 
made in depreciation of the great merits of Walker's Dictionary, but merely to put tha 
learner on his guard. 

t Monosyllables may have emphasis, but, as they consist of but one syllable, they can- 
not have accent. 

± In the case of a polysyllabic word, a secondaiij accent is often necessary for its full 
enunciation ; and when it occurs in words of three syllables, it seems generally to be the 
result of a struggle for ascendancy between the foreign and English tendency- 



PRINCIPLES OF PRONUNCIATION. xix 

10. With regard to words of Greek or Latin origin, it may be laid down 
as a general rule, that when they are adopted whole or without change, 
the accent or quantity of the original word is usually preserved, as in 

Anath'gma. Dilem'ma. Diplo'ma. Hori'zon. Aphe'lion. 

Aou'men. Bitu'men. Deco'rum. Specta'tor. Media'tor. 

In many such words, however, the English tendency has prevailed, 
as in 

Pleth'Ora. Aud'Itor. Min'Ister. O/fitor. Sen'atoi. 

71. This tendency is, however, counteracted to a certain extent by 
another natural tendency in the language. In words used as verbs, 
the tendency of the accent is to the termination, and not to the root.* 
Hence, in verbs of two syllables, the accent is generally on the last, and 
in verbs of three syllables, on the last, or last but one. Hence the un- 
settled position of the accent in such words as 

Com'pensate or compen'sate. Con'fiscate or confis'cate. Con'template or contem'plate. 
Dem'onstrate or denion'strate. En'ervate or cner'vate. Ex'tirpate or extir'pate. 

Some authorities following the general tendency, place the accent on 
the first syllable, as com'pensate ; while others hold that, as verbs, it is 
better to accent the second, as compen'sate. 

72. The radical accent is also counteracted by the tendency in com- 
pound or derivative words to follow the accent of their primaries, as in 

Admi'rer from admi're. Assail'able from assail'. Commen'cement from commen'ce. 

Abet'tor „ abet'. Poli'teness „ poli'te. Commit'tal „ commit'. 

Profess'or „ profess'. Begin'ning „ begin'. Coquet'ry „ coquet'te. 

a. In many cases, however, the radical or general tendency of the 
accent has prevailed ; as in 

Ad'mlrable from admi're. Advertisement from adverti'se. 

Com'parable „ compa're. Chas'tlsement „ chasti'se. 

Lam'entable „ lament'. Dis'putant „ dispute. 

b. In several words the contest is, as yet, undecided ; as in 

Ac'cgptable or acceptable. Dis'p Citable or disputable. 

Com'mfindable orcomniend'able. Con'fessor or confess'or. 

73. The tendency in compound or derivative words to preserve the ac- 
cent of their primaries, is crossed by another natural tendency, namely, 
the disposition in compound or derivative words to shorten the long 
sounds or syllables of their primaries ; as in the following words : 

Depravity from deprave. Granary from gram. Gosling from goose. 

Severity „ severe. Desperate „ despaer. Throttle „ throat. 

Divinity „ divine. Maintenance ,, maintain. Pronunciation „ pronownce. 

Cons6latory ,, console. Shepherd „ sheepherd. Southerly (u) „ south. 

74. Accent, from its very nature, must affect not only the syllable 
under it, but also the syllable next it ; for in proportion as the one is 
dwelt upon, the other is passed quickly over. This is exemplified by 
the usual pronunciation of the unaccented syllable in the following 
words : 



Cab'bage. 


Pal'ace. 


Cli'mate. 


Cap'tain. 


Sur'fgit. 


Fa'vOur. 


Cour'age. 


Sol'ace. 


Pri'mate. 


Moun'tain. 


For'feit. 


Fa'mftus. 


Vil'lage. 


Fur'nace. 


Pri'vate. 


Cur'tain. 


For'eign. 


Pi'ous. 



In the preceding words the unaccented syllable is pronounced quickly 
and indistinctly ; and in the case of a diphthong, one of the vowels is 
omitted altogether in the pronunciation. Compare, for example, the 

* See the class of words, page xxii / 



XX PRINCIPLES OF PRONUNCIATION. 

different sounds of the termination age in the words cab'bage and enga'ge, 
pres'age and presage. Compare, also, the different pronunciations of 
the accented and unaccented syllables in the following words : 

Contain' (a). Cap'tain (*).. Alia/ (a). Kal'ly (i). Deceit' (ee). Sur'fert (i). 
Retain' (a), Foun'tam (i). Ally' (*). Sal'ly (i). Conceit' (ee). For'tWt (z)'. 
Remain' (a). Villain ($). Survey' (a). Sur'vey (i). Perceive' (ee). For'ei'gn (t,. 

75. Hence it is that such combinations as ea, ia, ie, eo, to, eous, ieus, 
following an accented syllable, are, in pronunciation, usually drawn mto 
one sound or syllable, though composed of more than one rowel, as in 

O'cean (o'shun). Con'science (con'shense). Pen'sion (pen'shun). Gor'geous (gor'jus). 
V&t'tial (par'skal) .* Surgeon (sur'jun). Men'tion (men' shun). Gra'cious (gra'shus). 

a. And when c, s, or t precedes any of these combinations, it has, 
by the quickness of the enunciation, and the consequent blending of its 
sound with the vowel, the force of sh, as in the examples just given. 

b. Hence the inutility (and worse than inutility, for it often leads to 
errors in pronunciation) of noting the sounds of vowels or syllables not 
under the accent, as has been done by Sheridan, Walker, and others. f 
The following judicious observations on the subject are from Webster : 

" In this particular [the notation of unaccented syllables], there is error and discrepancy 
in the schemes of the orthoepists, which shows the utter impossibility of carrying them 
into effect. The final y unaccented, Walker makes to be long ; while Sheridan, Jones, 
and Perry, make it equivalent to short i, or at least, give it a short sound, according to 
universal practice. Walker pronounces the last vowel in natural and national as a short; 
Sheridan, a3 e short ; and Jones, as u short. In the adjective, deliberate, Walker and 
Jones give a in the last syllable its proper long sound ; and Sheridan, the sound of e short, 
deliberet. Dignitary is pronounced by Sheridan dignitery, and Walker and Jones give 
to a its short sound, as in at. The terminating syllable ness is pronounced by Walker and 
Jones nes, and by Sheridan nis, as blessednes, blessednis . The same difference exists in 
(heir notation of less, as blameles, blamelis. These differences, and many others, run 
through their works, and appear in a large portion of all the words in the language. Now 
it is probable that all these gentlemen pronounced their words alike, or go nearly alike, 
that no difference would be noticed by a by-stander. The mischief of these notations is, 
that attempts are made to express minute distinctions or shades of sounds, so to speak, which 
cannot be represented to the eye by characters. A great part of the notations must, neces- 
sarily, be inaccurate, and for this reason, the notation of the vowel3 in unaccented syllables 
should not be attempted. From a careful attention to this subject, I am persuaded that 
all such notations are useless, and many of them mischievous, as they lead to a wrong pro- 
nunciation. In no case can the true pronunciation of words in a language be accurately 
and completely expressed on paper ; it can only be taught by the ear and by practice. No 
attempt has ever been made to mark the pronunciation of all the vowels, in any other 
language ; and in our language it is worse than useless. 

" In truth, as Dr. Ash remarks in the dissertation prefixed to his dictionary, the sounds 
of the five vowels, in unaccented, short, and insignificant syllables, are nearly coincident ; 
and it must be a nice ear that can distinguish the difference of sound in the concluding syl- 
lable of altar, alter, manor, murmur, satyr. It is for this reason that the notation of 
such vowels at all savors of hypercritical fastidiousness, and by aiming at too much nicety 
and exactness, tends only to generate doubts, and multiply differences of opinion. If the 
accent is laid on the proper syllable, and the vowel of that syllable correctly pronounced, 
the true pronunciation of the word will follow of course ; at least the pronunciation is more 
likely to be right than wrong, and no mistake will occur, which shall be an objeet of 
notice. 

" Nor can I approve the practice of writing all words in different characters, to express 

* Though in -primitive words containing such combinations this rule generally holds, yet 
it is usually departed from in the derivatives. Thus Partial and Christian are pronounced 
a3 dissyllables, while their derivatives Partiality and Christianity are pronounced in 
five syllables, though only two are added. 

f If Walker's notation of the unaccented vowels were attended to in practice, thousands 
of words would bo pronounced as the following. Abileetee (ability), rapideetee (rapidity), 
arteecle (article), deerect (direct), deegest (digest), deebate (debate), beegin (begin), ree- 
move (remove). Over the unaccented i or e in these, and in all similar words, he has 
placed the figure 1 above e, which indicates the sound of ee or of e in the word me. 



PRINCIPLES OF PRONUNCIATION. 



XXI 



their .pronunciation, as if their proper letters were so many hieroglyphics, requiring expla.- 
»iaticm. A great part of Fnglish words have an orthography sufficiently regular, and so 
well adapted to express the true pronunciation, that a few general rules only are wanted aa 
a guide to the learner." 

76. The seat of the accent will generally serve as a guide in the pro- 
nunciation of final syllables in ice, ile, ine, ise, and ite. When the 



and when unaccented it is usually short ; as in 



i is accented, it is long, 

the following words : 

Advice. Notice. Revile. Servile. Premise. Prorn'Ise. 

Suffice. Office. Combine. Doct'rlne. Requite. Res'pite. 

Av'arlce. Adaman'tlne. Eg'lantlne. Jac'oblne. Pal'atlne. Hyp'ocrlf.e. 

Ben'eflce. Al'lcallne. Feminine. Jes'samlne. Ap'poslte. Indefinite. 

Cow'ardlce. A'quillne. Gen'ulne. Lib'ertlne. Composite. InHnlte. 

Ju'venlle. Clandes'tlne. Her'olne. Mas'cullne. Definite. Op'poslte. 

Mercantile. Cor'alllne. Hy'allne. Medicine. Ex'quislte. Per'quislte. 

Pu'erlle. Discipline. Ima"glne. Nec'tarlne. Fa'vorlte. Req'uislte. 

77. In such terminations the i is sometimes long, though not under 
the accent,* as in the folio wing words : 



Cock'atrlce. As'inlne. 

Sac'riflce. Brig'antlne. 

Cham'omllo. Cal'amlne. 

Reo'oncile. Col'umbmo. 

In'fantlle. Crys'talllne. 



Gel'atlne. PorCupIne. U'terlne. Car'mellte. 

Incar'nadlne. Sac'charlne. Ac'onite. Ex'pedlte. 

Leg'atlne. Sat'urnlne. Anc'horlte. Er'emlte. 

Le'onme. Ser'pentine. Ap'petlte. Par'aslte. 

Mus'cadlne. Tur'pentlne. Bedlamite. Sat'eillte. 



It should be observed, however, that in each of the preceding words, 
the i is evidently under a secondary accent, and therefore inclined to be 
long See No. 68, a. 

78. As we have already observed, a proper accentuation of words is 
essential to their just pronunciation ; and a proper accentuation can 
only be acquired by attending to the most correct speakers, and by con- 
sulting the most approved dictionaries ; for words are under so many 
influences with regard to their accentuation, that it is scarcely possible 
to lay down a rule on the subject to which numerous exceptions may 
not be found. The following rules, however, (in addition to the Gener al 
Principles which we have already explained,) will be found useful to 
the learner. 

79. Words ending in cial, sial, tial, cian, tian, cient, dent, ceoas, cious, 
iious, sion, Hon, date, have the accent on the preceding syllable, as — 

Provincial. Physf'cian. Pa'tient. Confu'sion. 

Controversial Chris'tian. Gra'cious. Muta'tion. 

Substantial. A'noient. Senten'tious. Ingra'tiate. 

80. Words ending in ety, ity, or teal, have also the accent on the pre- 
ceding syllable, as — 

Propri'ety. Insensibility. Astronom'ical. Emphat'ical. 

Sati'ety. Spontaneity. Categorical. Polemical. 

a. When the termination ical is abbreviated into ic, the accent of the 
original word remains, as — 

Astronomic. Emphatic. Harmonic. Polemic. 

Angelic. Fanatic. Mechanic. Specific 

81. In English, as has been observed, the favorite accent in polysyl- 
lables is on the antepenult, or last syllable but two ; but in many cases 
the accent has been transferred to that position from the radical part ui 
the word, for the greater harmony and ease of pronunciation, as in — 

An'gel, Angel'ical. Rhet'oric, Rhetorical. Sa'tire, Satirical. 

Harmony, Harmo'nious. Sa'tan, Satanlcal. Vic'tory, Victo'rious. 



* That is, the principal accent. 



under No. 68, a. 



b2 



xxii 



PRINCIPLES OF PRONUNCIATION. 



82. In uniting simple words into a compound, there is a tendency to 
simplify the compound as much as possible, by throwing the accent on 
that syllable in which the simple words unite. Hence, words with the 
following terminations have the accent on the antepenult, or last syl- 
lable but two : 



•cracy, as democ'racy. 
-ferous, as somniferous. 
-fluent, as circum'fluent. 
-fluous, as super'fluous. 
-gamy, as polyg'amy. 
•gonal, as diag'onal. 
•graphy, as geog'raphy. 



-logy, as philol'ogy. 
-loquy, as ventril'oquy. 
-machy, as logom'achy. 
-maihy, as polym'athy. 
-meter, as barom'eter. 
-nomy, as econ'omy. 
-parous, as ovip'arous. 



-pathy, as antip'athy. 
-phony, as eu'phony. 
-scopt/, as aeros'copy. 
-strophe, as catas'trophe. 
-tomy, as anat'omy. 
-vomous, as igniv'omous. 
-vorous, as omniv'orous. 



83. The terminations cial, sial, and tial, are pronounced like shul, as 
in commercial, controversial, and martial — See No. 75. 

84. The terminations ceous, clous, and tious, are pronounced like shus, 
as in farinaceous, c&nacious, and contentious — No. 75. 

85. The terminations geous and gious are pronounced like jus, as in 
courageous and religious — No. 75. 

86. The terminations sion and tion are pronounced like shun, as in 
mission and invention; but the termination sion, preceded by a vowel, 
is pronounced like zhun, as in explosion and confusion See No. 55. 

87. The following words are differently accented, according as they 
are used as nouns or verbs. 



Nouns. 
Ab'-sent, a. 
Ab'-stract, 
Ac'-cent, 
Af-fix, 
At'-tri-bute, 
Aug'-ment, 
Cem'-ent, 
Col'-lect, 
Com'-pound, 
Con'-cert, 
Con'-cord, 
Con'-duct, 
Con '-fine, 
Con'-flict, 
Con'-serve, 
Con'-sort, 
Con'-test, 
Con'-tract, 
Con'-trast, 
Oon'-verse, 
Con'-vert, 
Con'-vict, 
Con'-voy, 
Coun'-ter-raand, 
Des'-cant, 
Di'-gest, 
Dis'-count, 
Es'-cort, 
Es'-say, 
Ex'-ile, 
Ex'-port, 



Verbs. 
Ab-sent'. 
Ab-stract'. 
Ac-cent'. 
Af-fix'. 
At-trib'ute. 
Aug-ment'. 
Cem-ent'. 
Col-lect'. 
Com-pound'. 
Con-cert'. 
Con-cord'. 
Con-duct'. 
Con-fi'ne. 
Con-flict'. 
Con-serve'. 
Con-sort'. 
Con-test'. 
Con-tract'. 
Con-trast'. 
Con-ver'se. 
Con-vert'. 
Con-vict'. 
Con-voy / . 
Coun-ter-niand', 
Des-eant'. 
Di-gest'. 
Dis-counf. 
Es-cort'. 
Es-say'. 
'Ex-He. 
Ex-port'. 



Nouns. 
Ex'-tract, 
Fer'-ment, 
Fre'-quent, a. 
Im'-port, 
In'-cense, 
In'-crease, 
ln'-iav, 
In'-su'lt, 
In'-ter-change, 
In'-ter-dict, 
In'-timate, 
Mis-con '-duct, 
O'-ver-charge, 
O'ver-throw, 
Per'-mit, 
Pre'-fix, 
Prel'-ude, 
Pres'-age, 
Pres'-ent, 
Prod'-uce, 
Proj'-ect, 
Prot'-est, 
Reb'-el, 
Rec'-ord, 
Ref-use, 
Rep'-ri-mand, 
Sub'-ject, 
Sur'-vey, 
Tor'-ment, 
Trans'-fer, 
Trans'-port, 



This change of accent in the same word is produced, 
observes, by an instinctive effort in the language to 



Verbs. 
Ex-tract'. 
Fer-ment'. 
Fre-quent'. 
Im-port'. 
In-cen'se. 
In-cre'ase. 
In-lay'. 
I n -suit'. 
In-ter-cha'^ge. 
In-tcr-dict'. 
In'-timate.* 
Mis-con-duct'. 
O-ver-char'ge. 
O-ver-thro'-w. 
Per-mit'. 
Pre-fix'. 
Pre-lu'de. 
Pre-sa'ge. 
Pre-sent'. 
Pro-du'ce. 
Pro-ject'. 
Pro-test'. 
Re-bel'. 
Re-cord'. 
Re-fu'se. 
Re-pri-mand'. 
Sub-ject'. 
Sur-vey'. 
Tor-ment'. 
Trans-fer'. 
Trans-port'. 

as Walker well 
compensate, in 



* Intimate. — Though this word, both verb ana noun, is accented on the first syllable, 
yet, when used as a verb, the last syllable is longer dwelt upon. Compare the pronun- 
ciations of moderate, verb and noun ; also of separate, verb and adjective. 



PRINCIPLES OF PRONUNCIATION. 



some degree, for the want of different terminations for these different 
parts of speech. 

88. The following words exemplify the same tendency, but in a dif- 
ferent manner:* 



Nouns. 


Verbs. 


Nouns. 


Verbs. 


Abuse, abuce, 


Abuse, abuze. 


Mouse, mouce, 


Mouse, mouze. 


Close, a. cloce, 


Close, cloze. 


Use, uce, 


Use, uze. 


Diffuse, a. diffuce, 


Diffuse, diffuze. 


Grease, greace, 


Grease, greaze 


Excuse, excuce, 


Excuse, excuze. 


House, houce, 


House, houze. 


Grass, 


Graze. 


Brass, 


Braze. 


Glass, 


Glaze. 


Price, 


Prize, t 


Advice, 


Advise. 


Practice, 


Practise. 


Device, 


Devise. 


Prophecy, 


Prophesy. 


Behoof, 


Behoove. 


Bath, 


Bathe. 


Proof, 


Prove. 


Breath, 


Breathe. 


Reproof, 


Reprove. 


Cloth, 


Clothe. 


Belief, 


Believe. 


Loath, 


Loathe. 


Grief, 


Grieve. 


Mouth, 


Mouthe. 


Thief, 


Thieve. 


Sheath, 


Sheathe. 


Life, 


Live. 


Smooth,:}: 


Smoothe. 


Wife, 


Wive. 


Wreath, 


Wreathe. 



89. Of foreign words admitted into our language, particularly French, 
there is usually a threefold pronunciation, namely, the original or for- 
eign, the English, and a pronunciation, which is neither English nor 
foreign, hut between the two. In this case the middle course is not the 
best °but it is perhaps right to encourage it as a step in advance towards 
an honest English pronunciation. 

In another part of this work, will be found a collection of French and 
foreign words which have been introduced into our language without 
change. § 

90. Some Greek and Latin words retain the pronunciation of e final, 
though in such a position in English || it is always silent : 



Ac'mS. 
Apos'trophS. 



Anem'onS. 
Catas'trophS. 



Epit'omg. 
Hyper'bolg. 



Re"cipg. 
Sim'ile. 



Fina'lg. 
Rationa'lg. 



91. The uneducated, and sometimes the educated Irish, err in the 
pronunciation of the following sounds and letters : ea, ei, ey, oo, ou, a, e, 
i, o, u; d, t, I, and r ; as in the following words: 



Lave for leave. 


Shuk for shook. 


Sinsare for 


sincere. 


Ptill for 


pull (oo) 


Tay „ tea. 


Tuk „ took. 


Schame ,, 


scheme. 


Loudher ,, 


louder. 


Nate ,, neat. 


Fut „ foot. 


Plinty ,, 


plenty. 


Broadhcr,, 


broader. 


Plase ,, please. 


Stud ,, stood. 


Twinty „ 


twenty. 


Watther ,, 


water. 


Desate ,, deceit. 


Coorse ,, course. 


Cowld „ 


cold. 


Betther „ 


better. 


Resate ,, receipt. 


Coorso ,, coarse. 


Bowld ,, 


hold. 


Hcl-um ,, 


helm. 


Resave ,, receive. 


Soorce ,, source. 


Bush „ 


bush (oo) 


Real-um ,. 


realm. 


Conveo ,, convey. 


Gether^I , gather. 


Push „ 


push (oo) 


Ar-um „ 


arm. 


Obee ,, obey. 


Ketch „ catch. 


Cushion ,, 


cushion (oo) 


Har-um „ 


harm. 



* Either by a change in the pronunciation of the same letter, (as Abuse is pronounced 
abuce as a noun, and abuze as a verb,) or by a change or addition of letters, (as Glass, Glaze } 
Bath, Bathe.; 

t Prize, to set a price upon ; to valuo or esteem highly. 

% The adjective smooth is pronounced like the verb smoothe. 

§ To employ a foreign word, when thero is one in our owu language to express the samf 
idea, is a mark of silly affectation, and petty pedantry. 

II That is, it does not constitute an additional syllable, but it usually modifies the soune 
of the preceding vowel ; as in fat, fate ; met, mete ; pin, pine ; not, note ; tub, tube. 

^f Gather. — This error (giving a the short sound of e) belongs to the north of Irelane 
and Scotland. 



XXlV PRINCIPLES OF PRONUNCIATION. 

92. The learner should collect all the words in which such errors are 
likely to occur, and habituate himself to a correct pronunciation of 
them. Also, all such vulgarisms as 'jommetrr,' ' joggraphy,' 
'hoighth,' 'lenth,' 'oust,' 'strenth,' 'breth' (breadth), 'flnre' (floor), 

' readin,' ' writin,' for the purpose of guarding against them. 

93. The principal vulgarisms of the uneducated English, particu- 
larly of the Cockneys or natives of London, consist — 

a. In the use of w for v and v for uj; as " Fine, weal, and vinegar, are li'ery good 
Kettles, I wow." 

b. In sounding h -where it should not, and in omitting it where it ought to be heard ; as 
" Give my orse some hoats."* 

c. In introducing the sound of r into some words in which it has no place, and in ex- 
eluding it from others to which it belongs ; as in ' idea; - ,' ' winder', ' Mariar,' ' feller.* 
'arter' for after, ' darter' for daughter, ' sarspan' for saucepan; ' bam' for barm, ' laud' 
for lord, ' fust' tor first, ' kiver' for cover, &c. 

94. In England the following words are frequently confounded by 
uneducated or careless speakers. The explanation of each will be found 
in the Dictionary 



Ail 
Hail. 


Air 
Hair. 


Ale 
Hail. 


All 
Hall. 


Altar 

Halter 


Alter 
Halter. 


Am 

Ham. 


Anchor 
Hanker. 


And 
Hand. 


Arbour 
Harbour. 


Ardour 
Harder. 


Ark 
Hark. 


Arm 
Harm. 


Arras 
Harass. 


Arrow 
Harrow. 


As 
Has. 


Ash 
Hash. 


Asp 

Hasp. 


At 
Hat. 


Ate 
Hate. 


Aunt 
Haunt. 


Awl 
Hall. 


Ear 

Hear. 


Ear 
Here. 


Eat 
Heat- 


Eaves 
Heaves. 


Edge 
Hedge. 


Eel 
Heal. 


Eel 
Heel. 


Eisht 
Hate. 


Elm 
Helm. 


Erring 
Herring. 


Ill 
Hill. 


Ire 
Hire. 


Is 
His. 


Island 
Highland. 


It 
Hit. 


Old 
Hold. 


Osier 
Hosier. 


Otter 
Hotter. 


Our 
Hour. 


Owl 
Howl. 



* "It was quite impossible to witness unmoved the impressive solemnity with which he 
poured forth his soul in ' My 'art's in the 'ighlands,' or ' The brave old Hoak.' " — Dickens, 



A COLLECTION 

OF ALL THE DIFFICULT AND IRREGULAR WORDS IN 
THE LANGUAGE.* 



[Many of the words in this list -will appear very easy to the reader, hut that is because they are familiriT 
to him." To persons unacquainted with them, such as children and foreigners, the irregular or unusual 
sounds of the letters occasion great difficulty. Besides, even the easiest of them will serve to recall tro 
reader's attention to the preceding Principles of Pronunciation.] 



Aborigines, ab'-o-rid"-jin-es, 71. t 
Above, a-buv 7 , 8, a. 
Abroad, a-brawd', 25. 
Acacia, a-ka-she-a. 
Accept'able, or Acceptable, 73, b. 
Accessary, ack'-ses-sar-y. 
Accessory, ack'-ses-sor-y. 
Accomplice, ac-com'-pliss, 76. 
Accompt, ac-coimt', 49. 
Accomptant, ac-count'ant. 
Accoutre, ao-coo'tur, 29, c- 
Accoutrement, ac-coo'-tre-ment. 
Accrue, ac-croo', 9, b. 
Acetous, a-ce'tti3. 
Ache, ake, 41. 
Achieve, a-cheev', 24. 
Acme, ack'-mey, 90. 
Acolyte, ac'-o-lite, 77. 
Aconite, ac'-o-nlte, 77. 
Acoustics, a-cow'-sticks. 
Acquiesce, ac-kwe-ess', 53. 
Acre, a'-ktir, 6, b. 
Adamantcan, ad'-a-man-te"-an. 
Adamantine, ad'-a-mau"-tin, 76. 
Adept, a-dept', 69. 
Ado, a-doo', 8, b. 
Adulator, ad"-u-la'-tor. 
Adulatory, ad"-u-la'-tor-y. 
Adult, a-'dult'. 
Adust, a-dust'. 
Advertise, ad"-ver-ti'se. 
Advertisement, ad-ver'-tlse-ment. 
Advertiser, ad"-ver-tl'-ser. 
AfFront, af-frunt', 8, a. 
Again, a-gen {ghard,. 
Against, a-genst (g hard). 
Aghast, a-gast'. 
Agile, ad'gil, 76. 
Agone, a-gOn'. 
Ague, a'-gu, 33, b. 
Aisle, lie, 14, a. 
Albeit, all-bc'-it, 5, b. 
Alchymy, al'-k6-my, 41. 
Alcohol, al'-cS-hol. 
Alguazil, al"-ga-zeel', 7, b. 
Alien, ale'-ven, 7, c. 
Alkaline, al'-ka-lm, 76. 
Allegro, al-le-gro. 
AHeluiah, al'-16-loo"-yah, 46. 
Almond, am'-6nd, 48. 
Alms, ams, 48. 



Almoner, al'-mou-er, 48. 
Aloes, al'-oze. 
Altar, awl'-tar, 5, b. 
Alter, awl'-tSr, 5, b. 
Altercate, al'-tSr-cate. 
Alternate, al-ter'-nate. 
Alumine, al'-u-mm, 76. 
Alvine, al'-vm, 76. 
Amaranthine, ani'-a-ran"-thin, 76. 
Ambages, am-ba'-ges, 70. 
Ambergris, am'-ber-grees, 7, b. 
Ambush, am'-boosh, 9, a. 
Amethystine, am'-e-thist"-ln, 76. 
Amiable, a'-mfi-a-bl. 
Amice, am'-Is, 76. 
Among, a-mung / , 8, a. 
Amongst, a-mungst'. 
Amortise, a-mor'-tlz, 76. 
Amour, a-moor', 29, c. 
Amphibious, am-fib'-g-tis, 52. 
Amphisbaena, am-fls-be'-na, 52, 13. 
Anachronism, an-ack'-ro-nism, 41. 
Anathema, a-nath'-e-ma, 70. 
Anchoret, ar.g'-kd-ret. 
Anchorite, ang'-ko-rite, 77. 
Anchovy, an-cho'-vy, 69. 
Ancient, ain'-shSnt, 2, f. 
Ancillary, an'-cil-lar-y. 
Angel, ain'-gel, 2, f . 
Angelic, an-gel'-ic, 80, a. 
Anger, ang'-ger {g hard), 44. 
Angle, ang'-gl, 6, b. 
Anguish, ang'-gwish, 34. 
Anile, an'-Ile, 76. 
Anility, a-nil'-i-ty, 73. 
Anise, an'-ls, 76. 
Anodyne, an"-o-dIne. 
Anonymous, a-non'-e-mtis. 
Answer, an'-sSr, 59. 
Antalgic, ant-al'-jTck. 
Ante-chamber, an"-te-chaim'-ber. 
Anthracite, an'-thra-cite, 77. 
Antipodes, an'-tip'-o-dfis, 70. 
Antiquary, an"ti-kwa-ry, 32. 
Antique, an-teek,' 7, b. 
Antiquity, an'-tick'-wS-ty, 53. 
Antre, an'-tgr, 6, 5. 
Anxiety, ang-zi'-6-ty. 
Anxious, angk'-shtis, 75. 
Any, en'-n6y, 5, e. 
Aphaeresis, a-f eY-rg-sis, 13. 



* The explanation of these words win be found in the subjoined Dictionary. 

+ The numbers after the words refer to the preceding Principles of Pronunciation. This marts w , de 
notes a short, and this -, a long syllable. 



XXVI 



DIFFICULT AND IRREGULAR WORDS. 



Apocrypha, a-pock'-re-fa. 
.Apophthegm, ap'-6-them. 
Apostle, a-pos'-tSl, 66. 
Applicability, ap'-pli-ca-bil"-i-ty. 
Apposite, ap'-p6s-ztt, 76. 
Apprentice, ap-pren'-tis, 76. 
ApproTal, ap-proov'-al, 8, b. 
Approve, ap-proov 7 , 8, b. 
Approver, ap-proov'-er, 8, b. 
Apricot, a'-pre-cot. 
Apron, a'-pron, 66. 
Aquatic, a-qwat'-ic, 32. 
Aqueduct, ack'-qwe-duct, 33. 
Aqueous, a'-kwe-us, 33. 
Aquiline, ack'-we-Hn, 76. 
Arabesque, ar'-a-besk. 
Arachnoid, a-rack'-noid, 41. 
Archaic, ar-ka-ic, 41. 
Archaiology, ar'-kai-or'-o-gy, 41. 
Archangel, ark-ain'-gel, 41. 
Archetype, ar'-ke-tipe, 41. 
Ar'-chi-e-pis"-co-pa-cy (ar-ki-), 41. 
Ar'-chi-e-pis"-co-pal (ar-ki-), 41. 
Ar / -chi-pel"-a-go (ar-ki-), 41. 
Architect, ar'-ki-tect, 41. 
Architrave, ar'-ki-trave, 41. 
Archives, ar'klves, 41. 
Area, a'-re-a. 
Argil, ar'-jil. 

Argillaceous, ar'-jil-! a"-shtis. 
Argive, ar'-give ig hard). 
Arian, air / -6-an. 
Armistice, ar'-ml-stfss, 76. 
Arquebuse, ar'-ke-boos, 9, a. 
Artifice, ar'-ti-ilss, 7G. 
Artificial, ax-ti-fish'-yal, 7, c. 
Asafcetida, as'-=a-fet"-i-da. 
Asbestine, as-bes'-tin, 76. 
Asinine, as'-i-nine, 77. 
Askaunce, as-kan'ce, 16, a. 
Askaunt, as-kant', 16, a. 
Assign, as-sine', 44, a. 
Assignation, as'-sig-na"-shun, 44, a. 
Assignee, as'-se-nee, 44, a. 
Assuage, as-swage', 32. 
Asthma, ast'-ma, 57. 
Asthmatic, ast-mat'-ic. 
Atrocious, a-tro'-shas. 
Atrocity, a-tross'-i-ty, 73. 
Auln, awn, 48. 
Auspice, aw'-splss, 76. 
Autumn, avr'-tum, 50. 
Autumnal, aw-tum'-nal, 50. 
Auxiliary, awg-zll'-yar-y, 7, c. 
Avalanche, av"-a-longsh', 89. 
Avoirdupois, av'-er-du-poize, 89. 
Avouch, a-vowtch, 29. 

Bade, bad, 1. 
Bagnio, ban'-yo, 44, a. 
Bal'cony, or Balc-o'-ny, 69. 
Balsam, bawl' -sum, 5, b. 
Balsamic, bal-sam'-ic, 73. 
Bandana, ban-dan'-a. 
Banian, ban'yan, 7, c. 
Banquet, bang'-kwet, 33. 
Barouche, ba-roosh', 89. 
Bass {in music), base. 
Battalion, bat-tal'-yon, 7, C. 
Bayonet, bay'-6net. 
Beard, beerd, 17. 



Becafico, bec'-a-fee"-co, 7, b. 
Behoove or Behove, behoov, 8, b 
Benign, be-nlne', 44, a. 
Benignity, be-nig'-ni-ty, 44, a. 
Bequeath, be-kweeth', 53. 
Bird, bird, 7, a. 
Biscuit, bis'-kit, 34, a. 
Bison, bi'-sn. 

Bissextile, bis-secks'-tll, 76. 
Bitumen, be-tu'-men, 70. 
Bivouac, biv'-oo-ack, 89. 
Blaspheme, bias-feme'. 
Blasphemous, bl as'-f6-mus, 73. 
Blood, blud, 28, b. 
Boatswain, bo'-sn, 69. 
Bomb, bum, 8, a. 
Bombard, v. bum-bard', 8, a, 
Bombardier, bum-ba-deer'. 
Bombasin, bum-ba-zeen', 7, b. 
Borough, bur'o, 29, a. 
Bosom, booz'tim, 8, b. 
Boudoir, boo-dwor', 89. 
Bouilli, bool'-ye, 89. 
Bouillon, bool'-yong, 89. 
Bouquet, boo'-k'ay, 69. 
Bourgeon, bur'-jun, 29, b, and 75 
Bow, bo, 30, a. 
Bow, bou, 30. 
Bowl, bole, 30, a. 
Bowline, bo'-lln, 76. 
Bowsprit, bo'-sprit, 30. 
Brazier, bra'zher, 62. 
Brazil, bra-zeel', 7, b. 
Break, brake, 17. 
Breakfast, brek'-fast, 73. 
Brevet, bre-vet', 69. 
Brevier, bre-veer', 69. 
Brigand, brig'-and, 69. 
Brigantine, brig'-an-tine, 77. 
Britska, bris'-ka. 
Broad, brawd, 25. 
Brooch, broatch, 28. 
Brother, bruth'-er, 8, a. 
Bruise, brooz, 34, b. 
Brunette, broo-net', 9, b. 
Brusque, broosk, 89. 
Bull, book 

Bulletin, bool'-e-teen, 89. 
Bullion, bool'-yun, 7, c. 
Buoy, bwoy, 37. 
Buoyant, bwoy'-ant, 37. 
Bureau, bu-ro', 89. 
Burial, ber'-e-al, 9, c. 
Burlesque, bur-lesk', 89. 
Bury, ber'-ry, 9, c. 
Business, biz'-ness, 9, C. 
Busy, biz'-ey, 9, c. 

Cabal, ca-bal'. 
Cabaret, cab'-a-ray, 89. 
Caboose, ca-booce'. 
Cabriolet, cab'-re-o-lay", 89. 
Cajeput, cad'-je-put. 
Calamine, cal'-a-mln, 76. 
Calcareous, cal-kay'-re-us. 
Caldron, cawl'-dron. 
Calk, cawk, 48. 
Cambric, kaim'-bTic, 2, f- 
Camelopard, cam"-el-o-pard'. 
/ Campaign, cam-pain', 44, a. 
Canaille, ka-na'-il, 89. 



DIFFICULT AND IRREGULAR WORDS. 



xxvi? 



Canine, ka-nine', 76. 
Canoe, ka-noo', 26, a. 
Canorous, ca-no'-rus, 69. 
Capillary, cap'-ll-lar-y. 
Caprice, ca-preece', 7, b. 
Captain, kap'-tin, 14, b. 
Capuchin, cap'-u-sheen", 7, b. 
Carabine, car'-bine, 76. 
Caries, care'-e^es. 
Carriage, car'-rldge, 75. 
Casque, cask, 53. 
Cassia, cash'-ya, 7, c. 
Cassino, eas-se'-no, 7, b. 
Catachresis, cat'-a-kre"-sis, 41. 
Catarrh, ca-tar 7 . 
Catastrophe, ca-tas'-trof-y, 90. 
Catechism, cat'-e-kizm, 41. 
Catechist, cat'-e-kist, 41. 
Catholicism, cath-thol'-I-cizri). 
Cavalier, cav'-a-leer", 24. 
Cavatina, eav'-a-te"na, 7, 6. 
Caviare, cav'-yare, 7, c. 
Cazique, ca-zeek', 7, b. 
Cenobite, ce'-no-bite, 77. 
Centre, cen'-ter, 6, b. 
Centrifugal, cen-trif'-u-gal. 
Centripetal, cen-trip'-e-tal. 
Cerulean, ce-roo'-le-an, 9, 6. 
Ceruse, ce'-rooce, 9, b. 
Chagrin, sha-green', 7, b. 
Chalice, tchal'-Iss, 76. 

Chalk, tchawk, 48. 

Chamber, tchaine'-ber, 2, i . 

Chameleon, ka-me'-le-on, 41. 

Chamois, sham'-wa, 89. 

Chamomile, kam'^o-mlle, 41. 

Champagne, sbam-pain', 44, a. 

Champaign, sham-pain', 41, a. 

Chaos, ka'-6s, 41. 

Chaperon, shap'-er-oang, 89. 

Charade, sha-raid'. 

Charlatan, shar'-la-tan, 89. 

Charlatanieal, shar'-la-tan"-i-cal, 81. 

Charlatanry, shar'-la-tan-ry. 

«Jhart, tchart. 

Chasm, kasm, 41. 

Chasten, cba'sn. 

Chastise, chas-ti'ze, 76. 

Chastisement, chas'-tiz-ment. 

Chat, tcbat, 41. 

Cheer, tcheere, 41. 

Cheerful, tcher-ful, 73. 

Chemise, shem-eez', 7, b. 

Chevalier, shev'-a-leer", 24. 

Chevaux-de-frise, shev-o'-de-freoze. 

Chicane, tshe-cain'. 

China, tshi'-na. 

Chivalry, shiv'-al-ry. 

Chlorine, klo'-rln, 76. 

Choir, kwire. 

Chorister, kor'-is-ter. 

Cliougb, chuff, 29, b. 

Christianity, kris'-ti-an"-ity, 75, *. 

Chrysalis, kris'-a-lis. 

Chrysolite, kris'-6-lite, 77. 

Chy'lc, klle. 

Chyme, klme. 

Cicatrice, cick'-a-trlss, 76. 

Ciliary, cil'-ya-ry, 7, c. 

Cinque, cingk, 89. 

Circuit, oir'-ket, 34, a. 



Clandestine, clan-des'-tln, 76. 
Clarion, clar'-yun, 7, C. 
Clerk, clark, 6, c. 
Clique, cleek, 7, b. 
Clough, cluf, 29, b. 
Cocagne, coc-cain', 44, a. 
Cochineal, cutch-e-neel'. 
Cockswain, cock'-sn, 69. 
Cocoa, co'-co, 25. 
Cognizance, con'-ne-zance, 89 
Coiffure, koif-foor, 89. 
Coigne, coin, 44, a. 

Colander, cul'-an-der, 8. a. 

Colloquy, col'-lo-kwey, 36. 

Colonel, cur'-nel, 8, a. 

Colonnade, col'-o-naid", 6S, a. 

Color, Colour, cul'-ur, 8, a. 

Column, col'-um, 50. 

Combat, cum'-bat, 8, a. 

Come, cum, 8, a. 

Comely, cum'-ly, 8, a. 

Comfit, cum'-fit, 8, a. 

Comfort, cum'-fort, 8, a. 

Comfrey, cum'-frey, 8, a. 

Commen'dable, or Com'-mendable, 72, b 

Commissariat, com'-mis-sa"-ri-at. 

Commissary, com'-mls-sar-y. 

Company, cum'-pan-y, 8, a. 

Compen'sate, or Com -pen-sate, 71. 

Complacent, com-pla'-cent. 

Com'plaisan // ce, or Com"-plaisan'ce, 69. 

Conch, congk, 41. 

Condemn, con-dem', 50. 

Condemnation, con'-dem-na"-tion, 50. 

Condemned, con-dem'd, 50- 

Condemning, con-dem'-ing, 50. 

Condign, con-dine', 44, a. 

Conduit, cun'-dit, 34, a. 

Confes'sor, or Con'-fessor, 72, b. 

Confidant, con'-fe-dant", mas., 89. 

Confidante, con'-fe-dante", fern., 89. 

Confident, con'-fi-dent. 

Confis'cate, or Con'-fis-cate, 71. 

Conge, con'-jay, 89. 

Conjure, con-joor'. 

Connoisseur, con'-nais-sur", 89. 

Conquer, cong'-ker, 33, a. 

Conquest, cong'-k\vest, 33, a 

Consolatory, con-sOl'-a-tor-y, 73. 

Consols, con-sols'. 

Constable, cun'-sta-bl, 8, a. 

Construe, con'-stroo, 9, b. 

Contagious, con-ta'-jus, 85. 

Contemn, con-tem', 50. 

Contemner, con-tem'-er, 50. 
| Contemning, con-tem'-ing, 50. 
j Contem'plate, or Con'-tem-plato, 71. 
I Contrary, con'-tra-ry, 69. 

Contrite, con'-trlte. 

Contumacious, con'-tu-ma"-shus, 84. 
j Contumelious, con'-tu-me"le-us. 
j Con'versant, or Con-ver'-sant, 71. 
: Conversazione, con-ver-sat'-ze-o"-ny, 89 
j Coppice, cop'-piss, 76. 
j Coquet, v. co-ket', 53. 

Coquetry, co-ket'-ry, 72. 

Coquette, s. co-ket', 53. 

Coriaceous, core-e-a'-shus, 84. 
! Cork-screw, cork'-skroo. 
I Cornice, cor'-niss, 76. 

Corollary, cor'-6l-lar-y. 

63 



DIFFICULT AND IRREGULAR WORDS. 



Corps, core, 89. 
Corsair, cor-sare', 69. 
Cortege, cor'-taizh, 89. 
Cough, c5ff, 29, e. 
Coulter, cole'-ter, 29, a. 
Counterfeit, coun'-ter-fit, 74. 
Country, cun'-try, 29, b. 
Couple, cup'-el, 29, b. 
Courage, cur'-age, 29, b. 
Courageous, cur-ra'-jus, 85. 
Courier, coor'-e-er, 29, c. 
Courteous, curt'-yus, 75. 
Courtesy, cur'-te-sy, 29, b. 
Courtesy, ctirt'-sy. 
Cousin, cuz'-zn, 29, 6. 
Covenant, cuv'-e-nant, 29, b. 
Cover, cuv'-er, 29, b. 
Covert, cuv'-ert, 29, b. 
Covet, cur'-et. 
Covetous, cuv'-e-tus. 
Cowardice, cow'-ard-iss, 76. 
Cozen, cuz'-zn, 29, b. 
Cravat, cra-vat', G9. 
Crease, creece, 17. 
Crevice, crev'-iss, 76. 
Critique, ere-teek', 7, b. 
Cromlech, crom'-leck. 
Crosier, cro'-zhur, 55. 
Cucumber, coo'-cum-ber. 
Cuerpo, kwer'-po. 
Cuirass, kwe'-rass, 89. 
Cuisse, kwiss, 89. 
Cushion, coosh'-un, 9, a. 

Dahlia, dale-ya, 7, c. 
Daunt, dant, 16, a. 
Dearth, derth, 17. 
Debt, det, 39. 
Debtor, det'-ur, 39. 
Decorous, de-co'-rus. 
Decorum, de-co'-rum, 70. 
Defalcation, de'-fal-ca"-shun, 79. 
Definite, def'-i-nit, 76. 
Deign, dain, 19 and 44, a. 
Deity, de'-e-ty, 80. 
Delicious, de-lish'-us, 75. 
Delight, de-llte, 44, b. 
Demagogue, dem'-a-gSg, 33, c. 
Demesne, Domain, de-ma'ne. 
Denier, de-neer', 89. 
dentifrice, den'-ti-friss, 76. 
Dernier, der'-ne-er, 89. 
Desuetude, des'-swe-tude, 33. 
Desultory, des'-sul-tdr-y. 
Detour, dc-toor', 89. 
Devastate, de-vas'-tate, 69. 
Devastation, dev'-as-ta"-shun, 86. 
Devoir, dev'-wor, 89. 
Diachylon, di-ack'-e-lon. 
Diaeresis, di-er'-e-cis. 
Dialogue, di-a-log, 33, c. 
Diamond, di-a-mund. 
Diapason, di-a-pa"-zon. 
Diaphragm, di-a-fram, 44, a. 
Diarrhoea, di'-ar-re"-a. 
Diastole, di-ass'-to-ly, 90. 
Dicotyledon, di-co-till"-e-don. 
Dilate, dl-la'te. 
Dilatory, dil'-a-tar-y, 73. 
Dimissory, dim'-is-sar-y. 
Diphthong, dip '-thong. 



Discipline, dis'-ci-plin, 76. 

Discomfit, dis-cum'-fit, 8, a. 

Discretion, dis-cresh'-un, 73, 86. 

Dis'embo"gue, dis'-em-bog", 33, e. 

Disfranchise, dis-fran'-chiz, 76. 

Dishabille, dis / -a-bill', 89. 

Dishevel, de-shev'-el, 89. 

Disputable, dis / -pu-ta-bl, 72, b. 

Disputant, dis'-pu-tant, 72, b. 

Dissolubility, dis'-sal-u-bil"-i-ty. 

Dissoluble, dis'-sa-lu-bl. 

Distich, dis'-stick, 41. 

Do, doo, 8, b. 

Docible, das'-se-bl. 

Docile, das'-sil. 

Doctrinal, doc'-tri-nal, 73. 

Doctrine, doc'-trln, 76. 

Does, duz, 26, a. 

Doge, doje (g soft), 89. 

Dog'ger (g hard). 

Domicile, dom'-i-cil, 76. 

Done, dfln, 8, a. 

Door, dore, 28, b. 

Dose, doce. 

Double, dub'-bl, 29, 6. 

Doublet, dub'-let, 29, b. 

Doubt, dowt, 39. 

Douceur, doo-sur', 89. 

Dough, doe, 29, a. 

Doughty, dow'-ty, 44, b. 

Dozen, duz'-zn, 29, b. 

Drachm, dram, 41. 

Drachma, drack'-ma, 41. 

Drama, dram'a. 

Draught, draft, 41, b. 

Drought, drowt, 29, 44, b. 

Ducat, duck'-at, 69. 

Ductile, duc'-til, 76. 

Dudgeon, dud'-jun, 75. 

Duenna, du-en'-na. 

Dungeon, dun'-jun, 75. 

Duresse, du'-ress, 69. 

Dynasty, dyn'-as-ty. 

Eclat, e-claw', 89. 

Eclogue, eck-log', 33, c. 

E'er, air. 

Egotism, eg'-o-tizm. 

Egotist, eg'-o-tist. 

Eider, 1-der. 

Eisht, ait, 19. 

Eighth, aith, 19. 

Either, ee'-ther. 

Eleemosynary, el'-ee-moz"-§-nar-y. 

Elicit, e-llss'-it. 

Elite, ai-leet', 89. 

Empiric, or Em'piric, 69, 80, a. 

Empty, em'-ty, 51. 

Empyrean, em'-py-re"-an. 

Enceinto, ong-saingt, 89. 

Encore, ong-core, 89. 

Endeavour, en-deV-ur, 17. 

Endive, en'-div, 7, d. 

E-ner'-vate, or En'-er-vate, 71. 

Enfeoff, en-feff. 

Enfilade, ong'-fe-lad", 89. 

Enfranchise, en-fran'-chiz, 76. 

Engine, en'-jin, 76. 

Ennui, an-wee', 89. 

Enough, e-nufF, 29, b. 

En passant, ong-pas'-song, 89. 



DIFFICULT AND IRREGULAR WORDS. 



XXlX 



Ensign, en'-sine, 44, a. 
Ensigncy, en'-sin-cy, 73. 
Entomb, en-toom', 39. 
Envel'op, v. en-vel'-op. 
Envelope, s. ongv'-lop, 89. 
Environ, v. en-vi'-ron. 
Environs, s. en-vi'-rons, 89. 
Epaulet, ep'-aw-let, 89. 
Epergne, ai-pairn', 89. 
Epilogue, ep'-Mdg, 33, c. 
Epitome, e-pit'-6-me, 90. 
Epoch, ep'-ock, 41. 
Equable, eck'-wa-bl, 53. 
Equal, ee'-kwiil, 53. 
Equator, ee'-kway'-tor, 53. 
Equatorial, eck'-wa-tore-e-al. 
Equerry, eck'-wer-ry, 53. 
Equinox, eck'-we-nocks, 53. 
Equipage, eck'-we-page, 53. 
Equivoke, eq'-we-voke. 
Equivoque, a'-ke-voke", 89. 
Eremite, er'-e-mite, 77. 
Ermine, er'-min, 76. 
Escalade, es'-ca,-laid", 89. 
Eschalot, esh'-a-lot". 
Eschar, es'-kar, 41. 
Eschew, es-choo', 21. 
Escritoire, es'-cre-twar", 89. 
Escutcheon, e-scut'-chon, 75. 
Espalier, es-pal'-yer, 7, c. 
Especial, e-spesh'-al. 
Espionage, es"-pe-o-nazh', 89. 
Estafet, es'-ta-fet", 69, 89. 
Ether, e'-ther. 
Etiquette, et"-e-ket', 89. 
Eucharist, u'-ka-rist. 
Ewe, ii. 
Ewer, iire. 

Exaggerate, egz-ad'-jer-ate. 
Exemplary, cx'-em-plar-y. 
Exequies, ecks'-e-kwiz. 
Exergue, egz-erg', 33, c. 
Exorcise, ecks'-or-cise. 
Explicit, ex-plls'-it. 
Expugn, ecks-pu'ne, 44, a. 
Exquisite, ecks'-kwe-zit, 76. 
Extinguish, ecks-ting'-gwish, 34. 
Extir'pate, or Ex'tirpate, 69, 71. 
Extraordinary, ecks-tror'-de-nar-y. 
Eyre, air. 
Eyry, ai'-ry. 

Fabric, fab'-ric. 
Facade, fass-ad', 89. 
Facile, fass'-il, 76. 
Facetiae, fa-cee'-she-e. 
Fac-simile, fac-sim'-i-le, 90. 
Factitious, fac-tish'-us, 75, 84. 
Falcated, fal'-ca-ted. 
Falchion, fawl'-shun. 
Falcon, faw'-kn, 48. 
Falconer, fawk'-ner. 
Falconet, ftil'-co-net. 
Falsetto, fal-set'-to. 
Familiar, fa-mil'-yar, 7, c. 
Famine, fam'-in, 76. 
Fanatic, fa-nat'-ie, 80, a. 
Farina, fa-ri'-na, 70. 
Farrago, far-ra'-go, 70. 



Fascine, fass-see'n, 7, b. 
Fatigue, fa-teeg 7 , 7, b. 
Fault, fawlt. 
Favorite, fa'-vur-it, 76. 
Fealtv, fe'-al-ty. 
Feather, feth'-er, 17. 
Febrile, feb'-ril, 76. 
Feign, fain, 19. 
Feint, faint, 19. 
Felloe, fel'-lo. 
Felluca, fe-luc'-ka. 
Feminine, fem'-i-nln, 76 
Feod, fude, 20. 
Feodal, fu'-dal, 20. 
Feoff, fef, 20. 
Feoffee, feffee, 20. 
Feoffer, fef-fer, 20. 
Ferocious, fe-ro'-shus, 75, 84. 
Ferocity, fe-rdss'-I-ty, 73. 
Fertile, fer'-til, 76. 
Fibre, fi'-bur, 6, b. 
Fief, feef, 24. 
Fierce, feerce, 24, a. 
Fiery, fi'-er-y. 
Filial, fil'-yal, 7, c. 
Finesse, f e-ness', 69. 
Fir, fer, 7, a. 
First, ferst, 7, a. 
Fissile, fis'-sil, 76. 
Flaccid, flack'-sid. 
Flageolet, fiadj'-o-let". 
Flambeau, flam'-bo, 12. 
Flaunt, flant, 16, a. 
Flavour, fla'-vur, 29, b, 74. 
Flood, flud, 28, b. 
Floor, flore. 

Flourish, fiur'-ish, 29, b. 
Focile, fo'-cil, 76. 
Foliage, fo'-le-age. 
Folk, foke, 48. 
foreign, foi y -in, 74. 
Foreigner, for'-in-er, 74. 
Forfeit, for'-fit, 74. 
Forfeiture, for'-fit-ure, 74. 
Four, fore, 29, a. 
Fracas, fra-ca', 89. 
Fragile, frad'-gil, 76. 
Franchise, fran'-chiz, 76. 
Frankincense, frank'-In-cense. 
Freight, frait, 19. 
Frequent. See No. 87. 
Fricasee, frick'-ass-ee", 89. 
Friend, frend, 24, a. 
Frigid, frid'-gid. 
Front, frunt, 8, a. 
Frontier, fron'-teer. 
Fulminate, ful'-min-ate. 
Fulsome, ful'-sum, 73. 
Funereal, fu-ne'-re-al. 
Furlough, furMo, 29, a. ; 44, b. 
Furnace, fuiZ-niss, 74. 
Fusee or Fusil, fu-zee', 48. 
Fusil, fu'-zil (a spindle) 
Fusilier, fu'-si-leer". 
Futile, fu'-tU, 76. 

Gabakdinii:, gab'-ar-deen", 7, 6. 
Gaelic, ga'-el-ic. 
Galiot, gal'-e-ot.* 



* Galiot is usually pronounced gaV-yot, 



XTCX 



DIFFICULT AND IRREGULAR WORDS. 



Galleon, gal'-e-on, 20.* 
Galliard, gal'-yard, 7, c. 
Galoche, ga-ldsh'. 
Galoches, pi. ga-losh'-ez. 
Gamboge, gam-boodge', 8, b. 
Gaol, jail. See No. 15. 
Gauge, gage. 
Gauger, gay '-j ex. 
Gaunt, gant, 16, a. 
Gauntlet, gant'-let, 16, a. 
Genuine, jen'-u-in, 76. 
Gewgaw, gu'-gaw, 44. 
Gherkin Ig hard), 44. 
Ghib'elline (ghard), 76. 
Gibber (g hard), 44. 
Gibberish (g hard), 44. 
Gibbet (g soft). 
Gibbous {g hard). 
Gills (g hard), 44. 
Gill ig soft). 
Gillyflower [g soft). 
Gimp (g hard), 44. 
Gin [g soft). 
Gingham \g hard), 44. 
Giraffe, zhe-raf . 
Give, glv (g hard), 44. 
Glacier, glass'-e-er, 89. 
Glacis, glass-ees', 89. 
Glove, gluv, 8, a. 
Goitre, goy'-tur, 89. 
Gorgeous, gor'-jus, 85. 
Gouge, goodge, 29, C. 
Goulard, goo-lard', 29, c. 
Gourd, gord, 29, a. 
Gout, goo, 89. 
Govern, guv'-ern, 8, a. 
Governante, go-ver-nant', 89. 
Gracile, grass'-il, 76. 
Great, grait, 17. 
Grenade, gren-aid'. 
Grisette, gre-zet', 89. 
Guaiacum, gwa'-ya-cum, 7, c. 
Guano, gwan'-o, 32. 
Guardian, gard-yan, 7, c. 
Guava, gwa'-va, 32. 
Guerdon, ger'-don (g hard). 
Guilt, gilt ig hard), 34, a. 
Guinea, gin'-ny ig hard). 
Guitar, gue-tar 7 . 
Gunwale, gun'-nel. 
Gymnasium, jim-naz'-e-um 
Gymnastic, jim-nas'-tic. 
Gypsum, jip'-surn, 44. 
Gyves, jives. 

Habergeon, hab'-er-je-6n. 
Halcvon, hal'-ce-on. 
Half, haf, 48. 
Halfpenny, ha'-pen-ny, 48. 
Hallelujah, hal'-le-loo"-yah, 4' 
Halliard, hal'-yard, 7, c. 
Halser, haw'-ser, 48. 
Halve, hav, 48. 
Halves, havz, 48. 
Handkerchief, hang'-ker-chlf. 
Harangue, ha-rang 7 . 
Harbour, har'-bur, 75. 
Harlequin, har'-le-kwin, 53. 
Harrier, har'-re-er, 73. 



Hauberk, haw'-berk. 

Haunt, hant, 16, a. 

Hautboy, ho' -boy, 89. 

Hauteur, ho-tur', 89. 

Haut-gout, ho-goo', 89. 

Health, helth, 17. 

Heard, herd, 17. 

Hearken, harMcen, 17. 

Hearse, herce, 17. 

Hearten, har'-tn, 17. 

Hearth, harth, 17. 

Hearty, hart'-ty, 17. 

Heaven, heV-vn, 17. 

Heavy, heV-vy, 17. 

Hecatomb, heck'-a-tom. 

Hegira, hed'-je-ra, or he-ji-ra, 69. 

Height, hite, 19, a. 

Heifer, hef'er, 19, a. 

Heinous, hay'-nus, 19, a. 

Heir, air, 19, a. 

Heiress, air'-ess. 

Hemistich, hem'-i-stick, 41. 

Hemorrhage, hem'-or-rage. 

Hereditament, her / -e-dit"-a-ment. 

Heroine, her / -o-in, 76. 

Heterogeneous, het'-er-6-jee"-ne-u8. 

Hideous, hid'-yus. 

Hippopotamus, hip'-po-pot"-a-mus. 

Historiographer, his'-to-ri-og"-ra-ph<?l. 

Hogshead, hogz'-hed. 

Holm, holm. 

Homogeneous, ho'-mo-jee"ne-us. 

Honey, hun'-ey, 8, a. 

Hosier, ho'-zher, 62. 

Hostile, hos'-til, 76. 

Hostler, os'-ler, 45. 

Hough, hock, 44, b. 

Housewife, huz'-wif, 73. 

Hover, huv'-er, 8, a. 

Huguenot, hu'-ghe-not. 

Humble, um'-bl, 45. 

Hyaline, hi'-a-lin, 76. 

Hyena, hi-e'-na. 

Hygeian, hl-jee'-an. 

Hymeneal, hy'-men-e"-al. 

Hymn, him, 50. 

Hymning, him-ing, 50 

Hyphen, hi'-fen, 52. 

Hypocrite, hip'-po-crite, 76. 

Hypotenuse, hip-ot'-e-nuce. 

Hyssop, his'-sop. 

Idea, I-de'-a. 

Idiot, id'-i-ot. 

Illicit, il-liss'-it. 

Imbecile, im-be-ceel', 7, b. ;orim'-be-ceel, «9. 

Import, v. im-port', 71. 

Important, im-p6r'-tant, 73. 

Impugn, im-pune', 44, a. 

Incendiary, in-cend'-yar-y, 7, C. 

Inchoate, ing'-co-ate. 

Inchoative, in"-co-a'-tive. 

Indecorous, in'-de-co"-rus. 

Indefinite, in-def-in-it, 76. 

Indict, in-dite', 40. 

Indictment, in-di'te-ment, 40. 

Indigenous, in-did'-ge-nus. 

Indisputable, in-dis'-pii-ta-bl. 

Indissoluble, in-dis'-s6-lu-bl. 



Galleon Is, in colloquial language, usually pronounced ga-Coon'. 



DIFFICULT AND IRREGULAR WORDS. 



Indocile, in-doss'-il, 76. 
Infantile, in'-fan-tile, 77. 
Infinite, in'-fin-it, 76. 
Inlmi'cal, or Inimical. 
Initial, in-ish'-al. 
Insignia, in-sig'-ne-a. 
Instead, in-sted', 17. 
Intaglio, in-tal'-yo, 7, C. 
Interlocutor, in'-ter-loc"-u-tor. 
Interstice, or In'terstice, 69. 
Intestine, in-test'-tin, 76. 
Intrigue, in-treeg', 7, b. 
Invalid, in-va-leed', 7, b. 
Inveigh, in-yay', 19. 
Inveigle, in-ve'-gl, 19. 
Inventory, in'-ven-tor-y. 
Iota, I-o'-ta. 

Ipecacuanha, ip-e-cack'-u-an"-a. 
Island, i'-land, 55. 
Isthmus, ist'-mus. 57. 

Jacowne, jao'-o-Din, 76. 
Jaguar, jag y -ti-ar. 
Jalap, jal'-up. 
Jaundice, jan'-diss, 76. 
Jaunt, jant, 16, a. 
Jeopardy, jep'-ar-dy. 
Jessamine, jess'-a-min, 76. 
Jet-d'eau, zhay-do', 89. 
Jocose, jo-coce'. 
Jonquille, jung'-kwil, 53. 
Journal, jur'-nal, 29, b. 
Joust, just, 29, b. 
Judaism, joo'-da-ism. 
Judiciary, joo-dish'-e-ar-y. 
Judicious, joo-dish'-us. 
Jugular, joo'-gu-lar. 
Justice, jus'-tiss, 76. 
Juvenile, ju-ven-U, 76. 

Kaleidoscope, ka-li'-d5s-oope. 

Kerchief, ker'-chif, 24, a. 

Khan, cawn. 

Kiln, kil, 48. 

Knack, nack, 47. 

Knave, nave, 47. 

Knead, need, 47. 

Kneading-trough, needing-fcrOff, 29, e. 

Know, no, 73. 

Knowledge, n61'-edge, 73. 

Laboratory, lab'-5-ra-t6r-y. 
Labour, la'-bur, 74. 
Lache, Laches, lash, lash'es. 
Laconic, la-con'-ic, 80, a. 
Lacquer, lac'-ker, 53. 
Laity, la'-i-ty. 
Lamb, lam, 39. 
Landau, lan'-daw, 89. 
Language, lang'-gwage, 31. 
Languid, lang'-gwid, 34. 
Laniard, lan'-yard, 7, c. 
Lansquenet, lan'ee-ke-net, 53. 
Lattice, lat'-tiss, 76. 
Laudanum, )od'-a-num, 16, c. 
Laugh, laf, 16, b. 
Laughable, laf-a-bl. 
Launch, lanch, 16, a. 
Laundress, lan'-dress, 16, a. 
Laundry, lau'-dry, 16, a.. 
Laurel. "ior'-el, 16. c. 



Lava, la'-va. 
League, leeg, 33, c. 
Leather, leth'-er, 17. 
Legend, led'-gend, or lee'-gend. 
Legendary, led'-gen-dar-y. 
Leisure, le'-zhure, 19. 
Leopard, lep'-ard, 20. 
Lethe, le'-the, 90. 
Lettuce, let'-tiss, 76. 
Leviathan, le-vi'-a-than. 
Libertine, lib'-er-tin, 76. 
Licentiate, liccn'-she-ate, 79. 
Licorice, lick'-or-iss, 76. 
Lichen, litch'-en. 
Lieu, loo, 12. 

Lieutenant, lev-ten'-ant, 12. 
Light, lite, 44, b. 
Lilao, li'-lack. 
Lime-kiln, li'me-kil. 
Limn, lim, 50. 
Limner, lim'-ner, 50. 
Lingual, ling'-gwal, 32. 
Liquid, lick'-wid, 53. 
Liquor, lick'-or, 53. 
Liquefy, lick'-we-fy, 53. 
Litigious, lc-tidge'-us. 
Live, Hv, 1. 
Live-long, Jiv'-long. 
Livelihood, li've-ii-hood. 
Longer, a. long'-guer. 
Longer, s. long'-er. 
Longevity, lon-jcv'-i-ty. 
Loquacious, lo-kwa'-shus, 53* 
Loquacity, lo-kwass'-i-ty, 73. 
Lose, looz, 53. 
Lough, lock or lough. 
Love, lilv, 8, a. 
Lower, lo'-er. 
Lucre, loo'-cur, 6, b. 
Luncheon, lunch'-un, 75. 
Lunette, loo-net', 69. 
Lutheran, loo'-ther-an. 

Macaroni, mac'-a-ro"-ny. 
Machiavelism, mack"-5-a-vel'-izm. 
Machiavelian, mack / i-ri-ve"-li-an. 
Machine, ma-sheen', 7, b. 
Machinist, ma-sheen'-ist, 7, b. 
Magazine, mag-a-zeen', 7, b. 
Mahomet, ma-hom'-et. 
Malecontent, mal'-con-tent. 
Malign, ma-li'ne, 44, a. 
Malignity, ma-lig'-ni-ty, 44, a. 
Malmsey, mam'-sy. 
Mammilary, mam'-mil-lar-y. 
Mandarin, man'- da-re en", 7, b. 
Manoeuvre, ma-noo'-vur, 12. 
Mantua, man'-tu, 32, a. 
Mantuamaker, man"-tu-ma'-ker, 32» a, 
Marauder, ma-rawd'-er, 5, b. 
Marchioness, mar'-shon-ess, 75. 
Marechal, mar'-esh-al. 
Marine, ma-reen", 7, b. 
Maritime, mar'-i-tim. 
Marline, marMin, 76. 
Ma rm or can, mar-mo'-re-an. 
Marque, mark. 
Marquee, mar-kee', 53. 
Marquess, mar'-kwess, 53. 
Marquetry, mar'-ket-ry, 53. 
Marriage, mar'-ridge, 75. 



xirxn 



DIFFICULT AND IRREGULAR WORDS. 



Masculine, mas'-cu-lin, 76. 

Masquerade, mas'-ker-aid", 53. 

Massacre, mas'-sa-cur, 6, b. 

Matrice, ma'-triss, 76. 

Matron, ma'-tron, 73. 

Matronal, mat'-ro-nal, 73. 

Maugre, maw'-gur, 16. 

Maund, mand, 16, a. 

Maundy, mand-y, 16, a. 

Mausoleum, ma\v'-so-lee"-um. 

Medicament, mcd'-I-ca-ment. 

Medicinal, me-diss'-i-nal. 

Medicine, med'-e-cin, 76. 

Mediocre, me"-de-o'-cur, 6, b. 

Megatherium , meg'-a-th9"-ri-um. 

Melange, may'-longzh, 89. 

Melee, mayMay, 89. 

Meliorate, meol'-yo-rate, 7, C. 

Memoir, mem'-wawr, 69. 

Menace, men'-ace, 74. 

Menagerie, men-azh'-er-ee, 89. 

Mercantile, mer'-can-til, 76. 

Messuage, mcs'-swage, 32. 

Metempsychosis, me-temp'-se-co"-cis. 

Meteor, me'-te-5r. 

Met"-o-nim'-y, or Met-on'-y-my. 

Mezzc, met'-zo, 89. 

Mezaotinto, met'-zo-tin"-to. 

Mignonette, min'-yon-et", 89. 

Milch, miltsh, 41. 

Militia, me-lish'-a. 

Million, mil'-yon, 7, c. 

Mineral, min'-e-ral, 73. 

Miniature, min'-e-ture, 74. 

Minion, min'-yon, 7, c. 

Minute, s. m in'- Cite, 74. 

Mirage, me-razh', 89. 

Miscellaneous, mis / -cel-la"-ne-0U8. 

Miscellany, mis'-cel-liin-y. 

Mischief, mis'-chif, 24, a. 

Mischievous, mis'-cMv-us, 73. 

Missile, mis'-il, 76. 

Mistletoe, miz'-zl-to. 

Mobile, mob'-Il, 76. 

Moccason, moc'-cii-son. 

Monday, mun'-dy, 8, a. 

Money, mun'-ny, 8, a. 

Mongrel, mung'-grel, 8, a. 

Monk, murigk, 8, a. 

Moresque, nio-resk', 33, C. 

Mortgage, mor'-gage. 

Mortise, mor'-tiz, 76. 

Mosque, mosk, 33, c. 

Mosquito, mos-kce'-to, 7, b. 

Mother, muth'-er, 8, a. 

Motive, mo'-tiv, 7, d. 

Mould, mold, 29, a. 

Moult, molt, 29, a. 

Mourn, morne, 29, a. 

Movable, moov'-a-bl, 8, b. 

Move, moov, 8, b. 

Mover, moov'-er, 8, b. 

Mullagatawny, mul'-Ia-ga-ta\v"-ny. 

Muscle, mus'-sl. 

Mustache, mus-tasli'. 

Myrrh, mer. 

Natad, nay'-ad. 
Naphtha, nap'-tha, 52. 
Nation, na'-shun, 75. 
National, nash'-un-al, 73. 



Natural, nat'-u-ral, 73. 
Nature, na'-ture. 
Naught, nawt. 
Nausea, naw'-slie-a. 
Nectarine, nec'-tar-in, 76. 
Ne'er, nair. 
Neigh, nay, 19. 
Neighbour, nay'-bur, 19. 
Neither, nee'-ther, 19. 
Nephew, nev'-u, 52. 
Nereid, neer'-e-id. 
Nicety, ni'-ce-ty. 
Niche, nitcb. 
Niece, neecc, 24. 
Nitre, ni'-tur, 6, 6. 
Nomenclature, no"-men-cla'-turo. 
Nonchalance, nong'-shal-ongse", I 
None, nun, 8, a. 
Nonpareil, non'-pa-rel", 89. 
Nothing, nuth'-ing, 8, a. 
Notice, no'-tiss, 76. 
Nourish, nur'-ish, 29, b. 
Nubile, nu'-bll, 76. 
Nuisance, nu'-sance, 34. 
Nymph, nlmf. 

Oasis, o'-a-sis. 
Ob'duracy, or ObdVracy. 
Ob'd urate, or Obdu'rate, 69. 
Obedient, o-beed'-yent, 7, c. 
Obeisance, o-bay'-sance, 19. 
Obey, o-bay'. 
Oblique, ob-leek', 7, b. 
Obloquy, ob'-lo-kwey, 53. 
Obsequies, ob'-se-quiz. 
Oesophagus, e-sof'a-gus. 
Of, ov, 43. 
Off, Off. 

Officiate, of-fish'-yate, 7, C. 
Olio, o'-le-o. 
O'-me-ga, or O-meg'-a. 
On'omatopce"ia, (-pee-ya). 
Once, -wunce, 8, a. 
One, wun, 8, a. 
Onion, un'-yun, 8, a. ; 7, c. 
Opaque, o-pake', 33. 
Opposite, op'-po-zit, 78. 
Orang-outang, o-rang'-oo-tang". 
Orchestre, or'-kes-tur, 6, b. 
Ordeal, or'-de-al. 
Ordinary, or'-di-nar-y. 
Orgies, or'-giz. 
Orifice, or'-o-fiss, 76. 
Orison, or'-i-zon, 69- 
Orthoepy, or-tho'-e-py. 
Osier, o'-zher, 62. 
Other, utl/-cr, 8, a. 
Oyer, o'-yer, 89. 
Oyes, o'-yes, 89. 

Pacha, pa-shaV. 

Pageant, pad'-jant. 

Palanquin, pal'-ang-keen", 7. 6. 

Palatine, pal'a-tln, 76. 

Palette, pal'-et. 

Palfrev, pal'-fry. 

Pali-Mall, pell'-mell", 5, €. 

Palm, pam, 45. 

Palmy, pam-y, 48. 

Palsy, pawl'-sy^ 5, b. 

Paltry, pawl'-try, 5, 6. 



DIFFICULT AND IRREGULAR WORDS. 



xxxiii 



Panacea, pan'-a-cee"-a. 

Panegyric, pan'-e-jer"-ic. 

Panegyrize, pan"-e-jer-ize. 

Parachute, par-a-shoot'. 

Paradigm, par'-a-dim, 44, a. 

Parliament, parl'-le-ment, 75. 

Paroquet, par'-o-ket, 53. 

Paroxysm, par'-ocks-izm. 

Parterre, par-tair', 89. 

Partial, par'-sbal, 75. 

Paschal, pas'-kal. 

Pasquinade, pas'-kwe-naid", 53. 

Pas'ty, or Pa'sty, 89. 

Pa'tent, or Pat'-ent. 

Patentee, pat'-en-tee". 

Patrol, pa-tro'le. 

Patron, pa'-tron. 

Patronage, pat'-ron-age, 73. 

Paunch, panch, 16, a. 

Pearl, perl, 17. 

Peasant, pcz'-ant, 17. 

Pedagogue, ped'-a-gog, 33, c. 

Pelisse, pe-lee'ce, 7, b. 

Penguin, pcn'-gwin, 34. 

Pensile, pen'-sil, 76. 

Pentateuch, pen'-ta-tuke, 41. 

People, pee'-ple, 20. 

Peony, pee'-O-ny. 

Perdue, pcr'-du, 69. 

Peregrine, pcr'-e-grin, 76. 

Peremptory, or Perem'ptory. 

Per'fume, or Perfu'me, s. 

Perfumo, f. perfu'me. 

Perquisite, per'-kwi-zit, 76. 

Perspicacious, per'-spi-ca"-shtts, 75. 

Perspicacity, per / -spi-cass"-i-ty, 73. 

Persuade, per-swa'de, 32. 

Peruke, per-ook', 89. 

Peruquier, per-roo'-ke-er, 89. 

Peruse, pcr-ooz'. 

Powtcr, pu'-ter. 

Phaston, fa'-e-ton. 

Phalanx, f al'-angks, or fay'-langks. 

Pharmaceutic, far'-ma-su"-tick. 

Pharmaceutical, far / -ma-su' / -ti-cal. 

Phlegm, flem, 44, a. 

Phoenix, fee'-nicks. 

Phosphoric, fos-for'-io, 81. 

Phosphorus, fOs'-for-us. 

Phrase, fraze. 

Phthisic, tiz'-zick. 

Phthisis, ti'-cis. 

Physic, fiz'-ick. 

Physician, fe-cish'-an, 79. 

Physiognomy, phys'-i-og // -nom-y. 

Pierce, peerce, 24, a. 

Piety, pi'-e-ty, 80. 

Pillau, pil-law'. 

Pillion, pil'-y6n, 7, C. 

Pinion, pin'-yfln, 7, c. 

Pinnace, pin'-nace, 74. 

Piano-forte, pian'o-for"-te, 90. 

Picturesque, pic-tu-resk'. 

Piebald, ])i'-liawld. 

Pigeon, pid'-jun, 75. 

Pioneer, pi'-o-nee"r, 68, a. 

Piquant, pee'-kiint, 53. 

Pique, peek, 7, h. 

Piquet, pee-ket', 69. 

Pirouette, pir'-oo-et", 89. 

Piteous, pit'-yus, 7, c. 



Pitiable, pit'-i-abl. 
Pituite, pit'-u-ite, 77.' 
Pituitous, pi-tu'-i-tus, 73. 
Plagiarism, pla'-ja-rizm. 
Plague, plaig, 33, c. 
Plaguy, plaig / -y. 
Plaid, plad, 14, a. 
Plaintiff, plain'-tiv. 
Plaister, plas'-ter. 
Plebeian, ple-bee'-yan, 7, C. 
Plethora, pleth'-o-ra, 70, a. 
Plethoric, ple-thor'-ic, 81. 
Pleuritic, p!eu-rit'-ic, 80, a. 
Plough, plou, 44, b. 
Plover, pluv'-er, 8, a. 
Plumb, plum, 39. 
Plumber, plum'-er, 39. 
Plural, ploo'-riil. 
Poignant, poy'-nant, 44, a. 
Polemic, po-lem'-ic, 80, a. 
Police, po-lce'ce, 7, 6. 
Polygon, pol'-y-gon. 
Polygonal, pol-yg'-6-nal, 81. 
Pomegranate, pome-gran'-ate, 5, d. 
Pommel, pum'-mel, 8, a. 
Poniard, pon'-yard, 7, c. 
Pontine, pon'-tin, 76. 
Ponton, pon-toon', 89. 
Porcelain, po're-slain. 
Porpoise, poZ-pus, 74. 
Portmanteau, port-man'-to, 89. 
Posse, poss / -y, 96. 
Posy, po'-zy. 
Poultice, po'le-tiss, 76. 
Pour, pore, or poor, 29. 
Precipice, press'-g-pls, 76. 
Prehensile, pre-hen'-sil. 
Prejudice, pred'-joo-diss, 76. 
Premier, pre'-me-er, or prem'-yer. 
Premise, v. pre-mi'ze, 71. 
Premise, s. prem'-lss, 76. 
Presage, v. pro-sa'ge, 71. 
Presage, s. press'-age, 74. 
Prescience, pre'-sheens, 79. 
Prestiges, pres'-te-gez, 89. 
Prestige, pres-teezh', 89. 
Presumption, pie-zum'-shun, 73. 
Prism, prizm. 
Prison, priz'-6n. 
Pristine, pris'-tin, 76. 
Private, pri'-vate, 74. 
Privy, priv / -y. 

Proceeds, pross'-eeds, or pro-cee'da. 
Proem, pro'-em. 
Profile, pro-feel', 7, b. 
Projectile, pro-jec'-til, 76. 
Prologue, prol'-og. 
Promenade, prom'-en-ad". 
Promise, s. prom'-is, 76. 
Prompt, promt, 51. 
Pronounce, pro-nownce'. 
Pronun ci ation , pro-n un"-ce-a'-shun, 
Prorogue, pro-ro'gue, 33, c. 
Proselyte, pross'-e-lite, 77. 
Prothonotary, pro-thon'-o-tar-y. 
Prove, proov, 8, b. 
Prow, prou, or pro, 29. 
Prowess, prou'-ess, or pro'-ess, 29, 
Prowl, proul, 29. 
Prurient, proor'-e-ent, 9, b. 
Prussian, prush'-yan, 7, b. 



xxxiv 



DIFFICULT AND IRREGULAR WORDS. 



Prussic, prus'-sick. 

Psalm, sam, 48, 51. 

Psalter, sal'-ter, or sawl'-ter, 51. 

Pseudo, su'-do, 51. 

Ptisan, tiz'-an, 69. 

Pudding, pood -ding. 

Puerile, pu'-er-il, 76. 

Puisne, pu'-ny, 55. 

Puissance, pwees'-ance, or pu'-iss-ance. 

Puissant, pwees'-ant, or pu'-iss-ant. 

Pulse, pulce, 9, a. 

Pumice, pum'-iss, or pu'-miss, 76. 

Pumpion, pump'-yon, 7, b. 

Puncheon, punch'-un, 75. 

Purlieu, purl'-u, 69. 

Pursuivant, pur'-swe-vant, 34. 

Pyrite, pir'-ite. 

Pyrites, pir-i'-tees, 89. 

Quadrille, ka-dril'. 
Qualify, kwol'-e-fi, 32. 
Quality, kw6l'-e-ty, 32. 
Quandary, kwon-da're-y. 
Quantity, kwon'-te-ty, 5, b. 
Quarantine, kwor'-an-teen, 32. 
Quarrel, kwor'-rel, 32. 
Quarry, kwor'-ry, 32. 
Quart, kwort, 32. 
Quartz, kworts, 32. 
Quash, kwosh, 32. 
Quaver, kwa'-ver, 32. 
Quay, kee, or kay, 14, a. 
Querulous, kweV-u-ltis, 32; 
Query, kweer'-y, 32. 
Question, kwest'-yun, 7, b. 
Quinine, kwe-mno', 76. 
Quoit, kwoit, 32. 
Quota, kwo'-ta, 32. 
Quote, kwote, 32. 
Quoth, kwuth, 35. 
Quotient, kwo'-shent, 75. 

Radius, ra'-de-us, 70. 

Ragout, ra-goo', 89. 

Raillery, ral'-ler-y, 1 4, a. 

Raisin, rai'-zn. 

Rancour, rang^-cur. 

Rapier, ra'-ps-er. 

Rapine, rap'-in, 76. 

Rase, raze. 

Raspberry, ras'-ber-ry. 

Rather, rath'-er, or ray'-ther. 

Ratio, ra'-she-o. 

Ration, ra'-shun, 75. 

Rational, rasli'-on-a.l, 73. 

Ravine, ra-veen', 7, b-. 

Ready, red'-dy, 17. 

Realm, rSlm. 

Reason, ree'-zn. 

Receipt, re-coet', 51. 

Reeeptacle, re-cep'-ta-cle. 

Recipe, ress'-I-pe, 90. 

Recitative, ress'-e-ta-teev", 7, b. 

Recondite, re-con'-dit, or ree'-on-dit. 

Reconnoitre, reck'-on-noy"-tur, 89. 

Recover, re-cuv'-er, 8, a. 

Recruit, re-croot', 34, b. 

Rec'-u-sant, or Re-cu'-sant, 69. 

E.edoubt, re-dowt', 39. 

Rehearse, re-h6rcc', 17. 

Reign, rain, 19 ; 44- ft. 



Rein, rain, 19. 
Relate, re-la'te. 
Relative, rel'-a-tiv, 73. 
Rendezvous, ren'-de-voo, 89. 
Repartee, rep'-ar-tee", 89. 
Repertory, rep'-er-tor-y. 
Replevin, re-plev'-in. 
Replevy, re-plev'-y. 
Reptile, rep'-til, 76. 
Requiem, rec'-kwe-em, 53. 
Requisite, reck'-we-zlt, 76. 
Rescue, res'-cu, 32, b. 
Reservoir, ress' / -erv-wa\vr', 69. 
Resign, re-zi'ne, 44, a. 
Resignation, rez'-ig-na"-shun, it. 
Resin, rez'-in. 
Respite, ress'-pit, 76. 
Retaliatory, re-tal'-i-a-tor-y. 
Retinue, ret'-e-nu, 69. 
Revenue, rer'-e-nu, 69. 
Reverie, rev'-er-ee", 69. 
Rhapsody, rap'-so-dy, 45. 
Rhetoric, ret'-6-ric, 45.- 
Rhetorical, re-tor'-i-cal, 81; 
Rheum, room, 45. 
Rhinoceros, rl-noss'-er-os. 
Rhomb, rornb, 45. 
Rhubarb, roo'-barb, 45. 
Rhyme, rime, 45. 
Righteous, rite'-yus, 7, b. 
Rigid, rid'-gid. 
Risible, riz'-e-bl. 
Rochet, rock'-et. 
Rogue, rog, 33, c. 
Rome, ronie, 65. 
Rondeau, ron'-do, 12. 
Roquelaure, rock'-e-lor", 69. 
Rosin, roz'-in. 
Roue, roo'-ay, 89. 
Rouge, roozh, 89. 
Rough, ruff, 29, b. 
Rouleau, roo-lo', 89. 
Rout, rowt, 29. 
Route, root, 29, c. 
Routine, roo-teen', 7, b. 
Row, ro, 29, a. 
Row, rou, 29. 
Rowel, ro'-el. 
Rowlock, rul'-l6ck, 73. 
Rudiment, roo'-de-ment, 9, b 
Ruffian, ruff'-yan, 7, b. 
Rugged, rug'-ged (g hard). 
Ruse, rooz, 9, b. 

Sabaoth, sa-ba'-6th. 
Sabre, sa'-ber, 6, b. 
Sacrament, sac'-ra-ment, 73, 
Sacred, sa'-cred. 
Sacrifice, s. sac'-ri-fice. 
Sacrifice, v. sac'-ri-flze. 
Sagacious, sa-ga'-shus, 84. 
Sagacity, sa-gass'-i-ty, 73. 
Said, sed, 14, a. 
Saith, seth, 14, a. 
Saline, sa-li'nc, or sal'-in, 69. 
Salique, sal'-ick, 69. 
Saliva, sa-li'-va, 70. 
Salmon, sam'-mon, 48. 
Saltpetre, sawlt-pe'-tcr, 6, 6* 
Salve, sav, 48. 
Salver, sal'-ver. 



DIFFICULT AND IRREGULAR WORDS. 



Sanguine, sang'-gwin, 34. 

Sapphire, saf-ir, 52. 

Sarcenet, sars'-net. 

Satellite, sat'-el-lite, 77. 

Satiety, sa-ti'-e-ty, 80. 

Satire, sat'-ir, or sa'-tir. 

Satirical, sa-tir'-i-cal, 80, a. 

Satirist, sat'-ir-ist. 

Satirize, sat'-ir-ize. 

Satyr, sat'-er. 

Saunter, san'-ter, 16, a. 

Sausage, saw'-sage. 

Scagliola, scar-e-o"-la, 89. 

Scallion, scal'-y6n, 7, b. 

Scallop, scol'-Op, 5, b. 

Scene, seen. 

Scenic, sen'-ic, 73. 

Scent, sent. 

Sceptic, skop'-tick, 40. 

Sceptre, sep'-tur, 6, b. 

Schedule, sed'-ule, or shed'-ule. 

Scheme, skeem, 1. 

Schemer, skce'-mer. 

Schism, sizm. 

Schismatic, s. siz-mat'-ik. 

Schismatic, a. siz-mat'-ick, 80, a. 

Scimitar, sim'-e-tar. 

Scirrhus, skir'-rus. 

Scissors, ciz'-zors. 

Sclsrotic, sklc-rot'-ick. 

Scourge, skurje. 

Screw, scroo, 9, b. 

Scutcheon. See Escutcheon. 

Scythe, sithe. 

Seamstress or Sempstress, sem'stres, 17. 

Secret, sce'-cret. 

Secretary, sec'-re-tar-y. 

Sectilc, seck'-til. 

Seignior, seen-yor'. 

Seneschal, sen'-esh-al, or sen'-es-kal. 

Sennight, sen'-nlt. 

Sepulchre, scp'-ul-cur, 6, b. 

Seraglio, se-ral'-yo, 7, b. 

Sergeant, sar'-jant. 

Servile, ser'-vil, 76. 

Sever, sev'-er. 

Severe, sc-veer'. 

Severity, se-v6V-i-ty, 73 

Sewer, shoro, or soo'-C', 

Sextile, secks'-til, 70. 

Shirt, short, 7, a. 

Shoe, shoo, 26, a. 

Shone, shtin, 1. 

Shough, shock, 44, b. 

Shove, shtiv, 8, a. 

Shovel, shuV-vl, 8, a. 

Shower, shou'-cr, 29. 

Siesta, se-ess'-ta. 

Sieve, siv, 24. 

Sigh, si, 44, b. 

Sign, sine, 4 4, a. 

Signify, sig'-m-fi, 73. 

Siliquous, sil'-i-kwus, 53. 

Sir, ser, 7, a. 

Sirup, sir'-Op. 

Skein, skain, 19. 

Slabber, slob'-bcr, 5, b. 

Slaughter, slaw'-ter. 

Sleight, slite, 19, a. 

Slough, sluff, 29, b. 

Sloven, sluv'-Cn, 8, a 



Sluice, slooce. 
Smother, smuth'-er, 8, ff. 
Smoulder, smo'le-dcr, 29, cu 
Soiree, swar'-e, 89. 
Sojourn, so'-jurn, 29, b. 
Solace, sol'-aec, 74. 
Solder, sol'-der, or saw'-der. 
Soldier, so'le-jer. 
Solemn, sol'-em, 50. 
Solemnize, sol'-em-nize, 50. 
Soliloquy, so-lil'-o-kwe, 53. 
Solstice, sol'-stiss, 76. 
Sombro, som'-ber, 6, b. 
Some, sum, 8, a. 
Somerset, sum'-er-set, 8, a. 
Son, sun, 8, a. 
Sonorous, so-no'-rus. 
Sorites, so-ri'-tcs, 70. 
Sortie, sor'-tce, 69. 
Souchong, soo-sh6ng / . 
Sous, sou, 29, c. 
Southerly, suth-er-ly, 73. 
Sovereign, sov'-er-m, 74. 
Spaniel, span'-yel, 7, c. 
Special, spesh'-al, 7, c. 
Species, spco'-shez. 
Specify, spess'-i-fi, 73. 
Specious, spec'-shus. 
Spectre, speck'-ter, 6, 5. 
Spinach, spin'-agc. 
Springe, sprinje. 
Springy, spring'-y. 
Squab, skw6b, 5, b. 
Squamous, skwa'-mus, 53. 
Stalactito, sta-lac'-tlte, 77. 
Stalagmite, sta-lag'-mito, 77. 
Steppe, step. 
Sterile, stcr'-il, 76. 
Stipend, sti'-pend. 
Stipendiary, sti-pen'-di-ar-y, 73. 
Stir, ster, 7, a. 
Stomach, stum'-ack, 8, a. 
Stomacher, stum'-a-cher, 8, a. 
Strew, stroo. 
Strophe, strof-e, 90. 
Sturgeon, sturj'-6n, 75. 
Suasive, swa'-sive, 32. 
Subaltern, sub'-al-tern. 
Subaqueous, sub-a'-kwe-us, 53. 
Sublunar, sub-Ju'-nar. 
Sublunary, sub'-lu-nar-y. 
Subtile, sub'-til, 76. 
Subtle, sut'-tl, G, b. 
Succedanoum, suc'-ce-da"-no-um. 
Successor, suc-coss'-or, 72. 
Sugar, shoog'-ar, 55. 
Suggest, sud-gest'. 
Suicide, su'-i-c-Ide. 
Suite, sweet, 89. 

Sumach, su'-mack, or shoo'-maok. 
Sumpter, sum'-tcr, 51. 
Sumptuous, sum'-tu-us, 51. 
Sure, shoor, 55. 
Surfeit, su^-fit, 74. 
Surgeon, sur'-jun, 75. 
Surplice, sur'-pliss, 76. 
Surtout, sur-toot', 89. 
Sword, sord, 59. 
Synagogue, sin'-a-gdg. 
Syncope, sing'-eo-py, 90. 
Synonyrae, sm'-o-nim. 



xxsn 



DIFFICULT AND IJR,REUULAR WORDS. 



Synonymous, sin-on'-i-mus. 
Systole, sis'-t&-le, 90. 

Tambour, tam'-bur. 

Tambourine, tam'-bur-een", 77. 

Tapestry, tap'-gs-try. 

Tapioca, tap'-e-o"-ca. 

Tapis, tap'-eo, 89. 

Target I g hard). 

Taunt, tant, or tawnt, 16, a. 

Tear (to rend), tare. 

Tenable, ten'-a-bl. 

Tenacious, te-na'-sbus, 84. 

Tenacity, tc-nass'-i-ty, 73. 

Tenor, ten'-or. 

Terrace, ter'-race, 76. 

Tetrarch, tet'-rark, 41. 

Textile, tex'-til, 76. 

Thames, tems, 5, e. 

Theatre, thee'-a-ter, 6, b. 

Their, tliare. 

Theologian, the'-o-lo"-gi-an, 68, a. 

Tbeologic, tbe / -o-log"-ic, 8, a. 

Theological, the'-o-log"-i-cal. 

Theology, the-6l'-S-gy, 82. 

There, thare. 

Third, therd, 7, a. 

Thorough, thur'-o, 29, a. 

Though, tho, 29, a. 

Thought, thawt, 29, d. 

Thread, thred, 17. 

Threepence, thrip'-ence. 

Thumb, thtim, 39. 

Thyme, time, 45. 

Tierce, teerce, 24, a. 

Tissue, tish'-oo. 

Toll, tole. 

Tomb, toom, 39. 

Tun, tun, 8, a. 

Tongue, tung, 8, a. 

Tontine, ton'-tecn, 7, b. 

Tortoise, tur'-tiz. 

Touch, tuch, 29, b. 

Tough, tuff, 29, b. 

Tourniquet, tur'-ne-ket, 53. 

Toward, to'-ard, 29.^ ^ 

Tragedian, tra-jeo'-di-an. 

Tragedy, trad'-je-dy. 

Trait, tray, 89. 

Traverse, trav'-erse. 

Travesty, traV-es-ty. 

Treillage, trel'-lage. 

Troubadour, troo'-ba-door". 

Trough, trof, 29, e. 

Tuesday, tuze'-day. 

Turkois, Turquoise, turkeez'. 

Twelvemonth, twel'-munth, 8, a; 58. 

Unguent, ung'-went, 53. 
Unique, u-neek', 7, b. 
Usquebaugh, us'-kwe-baw". 
Utensil, u-ten'-sil. 
Uterine, u'-ter-me, 77. 

Vactlate, vass'-il-late. 
Vaccine, vack'-clno, 76. 
Vague, vaig, 33, c. 



Valet, val'-et, or val'-ey, 89. 

Variegate, va'-ri-e-gate. 

Vase, vaze. 

Vau devil, vode-vil. 

Vault, vawlt. 

Vaunt, vant, 16, a. 

Vavasour, vav'-a-sur. 

Vehicle, ve'-he-kl. 

Veil, vail, 19. 

Vein, vain, 19. 

Venison, ven'-e-zn, or ven'-zn. 

Verdegris, ver'-de-greece, 7, b. 

Vermicelli, ver'-mi-chel"-ly, 89. 

Vermilion, ver-mil-yon, 7, c. 

Vertebras, ver'-te-bree. 

Vertebre, ver'-te-ber, 6, b. 

Vertigo, ver-te'-go. 

Victualler, vit'-ler, 40. 

Victuals, vit'-tals, 40. 

Vignette, vin'-yet. 

Violoncello, Ye'-o-lone-cnel"-lo, 89 t 

Virago, vir-a'-go, 70. 

Virile, vir'-il, 76. 

Virtu, ver-too', 89. 

Viscount, vi'-cownt, 55. 

Visor, viz'-or. 

Vituline, vit'-u-Hn, 76. 

Vizier, viz'-yer, 7, 6. 

Volatile, vol'-a-til, 76. 

Wacke, wack'-y. 
Wainscot, wen'-scot, 14, a. 
Weapon, wcp'-on, 17. 
Wear, ware, 17. 
Weigh, way, 19; 44, b. 
Weight, wait, 44, b. 
Were, wer, 17. 
Where, whare, 1. 
Wherefore, wher-fore, 73. 
Whistle, hwis'-sl. 
Widgeon, widj'-6n, 75. 
Wind, or Wind. 
Wolf, woolf, 8, b. 
Woman, woom'-an. 
Womb, woom, 8, b. 
Women, wim'-en. 
Wont, wunt, 8, a. 
Word, wurd, 8, a. 
Worth, wurth, 8, a. 
Wound, woond, 29, c. 
Wrath, rawth, 5, 6. 
Wry, ri, 59. 

Yacht, yot, 5, 6. 
Ycleped, e-clept. 
Yeoman, yo'-man, 20. 
Yes, yes. 

Yesterday, yes'-ter-day. 
Yolk, yoke. 
Young, yung. 
Younger (g hard). 
Youth, yooth. 
Yttria, it'-tri-a. 

Zenith, zen'-ith. 
Zoophyte, zo'-o-fite. 



ORTHOGRAPHY. 



Prior to the invention of the art of Printing, little attention was paid 
to the Orthography of English or Saxon words. In fact, the first 
writers, having no guide but the ear, followed each Ins OAvn judgment, 
or his fancy at the moment ; and hence a large number of Saxon words 
were written in two or more ways, by different, and even by the same 
authors. These irregularities were transferred to the first printed 
works, and many of them remain to the present day. The following 
observations on the subject are Dr. Johnson's : 

" There hare been many schemes offered for the emendation and settlement of our Ortho- 
graphy, which, like that of other nations, being formed by chance, or according to the 
fancy of the earliest writers in rude ages, was at first very various and uncertain, and is 
yet sufficiently irregular. Of these reformers, some have endeavoured to accommodate 
orthography better to the pronunciation, without considering that it is to measure by a 
shadow, to take that for a model or standard which is changing while they apply it. 
Others, less absurdly indeed, but with equal unlikelihood of success, have endeavoured to 
proportion the number of letters to that of sounds, that every sound may have its own 
character, and every character a single sound. Such would be the orthography of a new 
language, to be formed by a synod of grammarians upon principles of science. But who 
can hope to prevail on nations to change their practice, and make all their old books use- 
less? Or what advantage would a new orthography procure, equivalent to the confusion 
and perplexity of such an alteration t" 

He then, after mentioning and giving a short description of the 
several schemes proposed by Sir Thomas Smith, secretary of state to 
Queen Elizabeth, Dr. Gill, the celebrated master of St. Paul's school, 
London, Charles Butler, and Bishop Wilkins, in none of which he ex- 
presses his concurrence — concludes in these words : 

" We have since had no general reformers, but some ingenious men have endeavoured to 
deserve well of their country, by writing honor and labor, for honour and labour ; red for 
read, in the preter-tense ; sais for says : repete for repeat ; e.vplane for explain, or de- 
clame for declaim. Of these it may be said, that as they have done no good, they have 
done little harm; both because they have innovated little, and because few have followed 
them." 

It is much to be regretted, that Dr. Johnson, who possessed — and 
who deservedly possessed— an almost absolute authority in such matters, 
did not attempt to settle the orthography even of those words that 
are spelled in two or more different ways. On the contrary, he has 
confirmed many of these irregularities by his own example. For in- 
stance, notwithstanding what he has said against writing "honor for 
honour, and labor for labour," he has, in his own Dictionary, written 
several words of this class without the u, as — 

Actor. Censor. Languor. Pastor. Sculptor. Torpor. 

Author. Doctor. Liquor. Proctor. Sector. Tutor. 

Castor. Factor. Minor. Rector. Stupor. Victor. 

And though he makes the majority of the words of this class end, in 
his Dictionary, in our, yet he omits the u in almost all the words that 
are formed from them ; as from clamour, clamor-ous, &c. 

Clamour. Flavour. Humour. Odour. Tumour. "Vapour. 

Dolour. Honour. Labour. Rigour. Valour. Vigour. 

Clamorous. Flavorous. Humorous. Odorous. Tumorous. Vigorous. 

Dolorous. Honorary. Inferiority. Odoriferous. Valorous. Victorious. 

Doloriric. Humorist. Laborious. Rigorous. Vaporous. Evaporate. 

In the following words he retains the u, though he has rejected it in 
those we have just given : 

Favourable. Favourite. Favouritism. Favourer, Honourable. Labourer. 



SXXT1U ORTHOGRAPHY. 

Several of these words, notwithstanding the authority of Johnson's 
Dictionary, are now written without the u ; as— 

Emperor. Governor. Horror. Superior. Terror. Tumor. 

Error. Honor. Inferior. Tenor. Tremor. Warrior. 

And some of them are written sometimes with, and sometimes with- 
out the u ; as — 

Colour or Color. Favour or Favor. Splendour or Splendor. 

We venture to recommend the omission of u in all these words, and 
for the following reasons : — it is useless to the orthography, opposed to 
etymology, and, as we have just seen, rather contrary than otherwise 
to analogy.* 

Again, in Dr. Johnson's Dictionary we find blamable, blamably, ap- 
peasable, approvable, desirable, and ratable, without the final e of the 
original words, blame, appease, approve, desire, and rate ; while he re- 
tains the e in saleable, tameable, proveable, and moveable. And, stranger 
still, he omits the e in other words formed from prove and move ; as 
improvable, reprovable; immovable, removable. 

PRACTICAL RULES FOR SPELLING. 

1. As a general rule, ?/, when its place may be supplied by i, is not 
to be written except at the end of a word.t Hence, when y is advanced 
from that position, by the addition of a letter or syllable, it is changed 
into i. X This change is exemplified in the formation of the plural of 
nouns, the persons of verbs, past participles, verbal nouns, compara- 
tives and superlatives ; as a cry, the cries ; I cry, thou cn-est, he cri-es, 
cri-ed, cri-ev ; holy, hok'-er, hoK-est. Also, by the addition of lt, 
ness,§ ment, &c. ; as holy, hoh'-ly, hoh'-ness, hoh'-day; merry, merri- 
ment; envy, envz-ous; comply, comph'-ance; many, niam-fold, &c. 

Exceptions. — 1. In such cases y retains its form ichen it is part of a diphthong ; -which 
occurs in all words ending in ay, \\ ey, oy, or v.y ; as in betray, betrays, betrayer ; attorney, 
attorneys ; convey, conveys, conveyed, conveyance ; boy, boys, boyish ; destroy, destroys, 
destroyeth, destroyed, destroyer ; b?/y, bwys, bwyeth, bwyer. 

2. For an obvious reason, y retains its form when followed by the participial termination 
ing ; as in magnify-ing, carry-ing, accompany-ing. 

3. For the sake of distinction, y is properly used for i in such names as Taylor, Smyth, &c. 

II. Monosyllables, and words accented on the last syllable, ending 
with a single consonant preceded by a single vowel, double the final 
consonant, ^[ when they take an additional syllable beginning with a 
vowel ; as beg, beg-yed, beg-ying, beg-yar ; rob, rob-iest, rob-6ed, 
rob-oing, rob-Z>er, rob-6ery ; sin, sin-nest, sin-?ied, sin-ning, sin-ner ; 

* It should be added, however, that we seldom venture to follow our own recommenda- 
tion in this respect: 

In words, as fashions, the same rule will hold, 
Alike fantastic if too new or old. 
Be not the first by whom the new are tried, 
IJor yet the last to lay the old aside. — Pope. 

t Except in Greek and foreign words, as system, tyrant, myrrh, alchymy, &c. In 
these instances y is not the representative of i, but of a different letter. 

X In fact, y is another form of t. See No. 10, page v. 

§ The y is usually retained in the following words, dry, shv, sly, wben ly or ness is 
added ; as diy-ly, dry-ness ; ehy-ly, shy-ncss ; sly-ly, sly-ness. 

I Lay, pay, say, and their compounds, repay, unsay, &c, follow the general rule when 
ed or d is added ; as laid, paid, said, unpaid, unsaid, &c. But the exception prevails in 
layer, payer, payable, &c. 

If The duplication of the final consonant, in such cases, prevents the vowel of the primi- 
tive word from losing its shut or short sound. This change, therefore, preserves the pro- 
nunciation of the original word. If the 6 were not doubled in rob-bed, for instance, we 
would have not only a different pronunciation \ro-bed), but also a different word (namely, 
the past tense of the verb robe;. 



ORTHOGRAPHY. XX XIX 

rebel, rebelled, rebel/ing, rebel/ion, rebellious ; commit, committed, 
committing, committal, committee ; begin, begirming, beginner ; wit, 
witty, wittily ; rot, rotten ; thin, thinnish, &c. 

Exceptions. — In the following words, and others of the same class,* the final consonant 
is usually doubled in such instances as the above, though accented on the first syllable : 
TRAVEL.+ travelled, travelling, traveller; chisel, chiselZed, chiselling; cavil, cavilZed, 
lavilZing, cavilZer ; counsel, counselZed, counselling, counsellor; drivel, drivelZing, 
ArivelZer ; duel, duel Zing, duelZist ; gravel, gravelZed, gravclZing ; grovel, grovelZed, 
grovelZing ; level, levelled, levelling, level/er ; libel, libelZed, libelZing, libcl/cr, libel- 
Zous ; marvel, marvelZed, marvclZing, marvelZous ; model, modelled, modelling, model- 
ler ; pencil, pencilled, pencilling ; quarrel, quarrelZed, quarrelling, quarreler, quar- 
relZous ; revel, revclZed, rcvclZing, revelZer ; rival, rivalled, rivalZing, &c. 

III. Wben words ending with double I are compounded with others — 
or when the termination ness, less, ly, or ful, is affixed — one I should be 
omitted ; as already, aZ-beit, aZ-though, aZ-most, aZ-together, with-aZ, 
\in-til, chil- blain ; dul-ness, skil-less, ful-\y, ful-fil, wil-fm, &c. 

Exceptions. — 7ZZ-ncss, shrill-ness, small-ness, sZZZZ-ness, Zr/ZZ-ness. 

IV. When an affix or termination beginning with a vowel, is added to 
a word ending with e, the e should be omitted ; as cure, cur- able ; 
palate, palat-ABL~E ; sense, sens-iBLE ; reverse, revers-iBLE ; love, lo u-ing ; 
convince, convinc-l'SG ; slave, slav-iSJEL ; knave, knav-iSB. ; royue, royu-isn ; 
stone, stoji-r ; connive, conniv-AKCE ; arrive, cmy-AL, &c. 

Exceptions. — The e, if preceded by c or g soft, must (in order to preserve the pronunci- 
ation) be retained before the postfix ahle; as in peace, -peace-able; service, scrvice-aM», 
charge, eharge-aoZe ; change, change-a6Ze, &c.± Theeis also retained in dyeing 1 , from rive 

V. When an affix or termination, beginning with a consonant, is added 
to a word ending with e, the e is retained ; as in pale, pale-ness; sera.se, 
sense-Zess; close, close-ly ; peace, -peace-fid ; allure, aWwre-meiit. 

Exceptions. — Due, du-Zy ; true, tru-Zy ; awe, aw-/wZ / judge, ju&g-ment ; abridge, 
*a.WiAg-ment ; whole, whol-Zy; acknowledge, acknowledg-wewf ; argue, argu-?«e»Z.§ 

VI. Except in monosyllables, as 6Zoc/;, stock, &c, k final is now omit- 
ted; as in public[Ji], music[]i], critic[k~], &c.|| 

VII. In writing words commencing with the prefix dis or mis, mis- 
takes are sometimes made, either by the omission or insertion of an s. 
This may be easily avoided, by considering whether the word to which 
dis or mis is prefixed, begins with s. If so, of course, the s must be re- 
tained ; as in Dissolve, Dis-serer, Dissipate, Mis-spell, Mis-shapen, &c. 

* Words ending with Z preceded by a single vowel. 

t The " liquid" nature of the letter Z, and the orthography of the French words from 
which most of these terms are immediately derived, account for, and perhaps sanction, 
these anomalies ; but there is no such excuse for doubling the p in " gallopped," "gal- 
lopping," "worshipped," "worshipping," "worshipper," " gossipping," &c. 

In most of the American-printed books, it may bo observed that these exceptions are 
not admitted. The following are "Webster's observations on the subject : — " We observe 
in all authors, ballotting, bevelling, levelled, travelled, cancelled, revelling, rivalling, wor- 
shipped, worshipper, apparalJed, embowelled, libelling, and many others in which the last 
consonant is doubled, in opposition to one of the oldest and best established rules in the 
language. Nouns formed from such verbs should be written with a single consonant, as 
jeweler, traveler, worshiper. What should we say to a man who should write audittor, 
gardenner, laborrer, &c. ?" 

f Johnson and Walker retain the e in mow-able and move-nh\es, but there is no reason 
for this exception, particularly as the former excludes e from immov-uble. 

§ Johnson excludes e from chast~r\esa, but retains it in chaste-lj. Walker excludes e 
from both, writing chast-ncss, ckast-lj. Usage, as well as reason, is against these exceptions. 

In ransack, and generally in words ending in ock, as hillock, the k is retained. Al- 
manac is sometimes written with, and sometimes without the k. It must also bo restored 
in the past tense and participles of the verbs frolic, mimic, physic, traffic ; as, mimicked, 
mimicking, frolicked, frolicking. Even tho learning and authority of Johnson are unable 
to control custom. He has laid it down as a principle that no English word can end with 
the letter c. — In thi3 case custom is right ; for k in such a position is perfectly useless, 
either as regards the orthography or etymology. 



ORTHOGRAPHY. 



A COLLECTION OF WORDS OF UNSETTLED 
ORTHOGRAPHY.* 






Abetter. 
Abettor. 

Abridgment. 
Abridgement. 

Accountant. 
Accomptant. 
Acknowledgment. 
Acknowledgement. 

Adze. 
Adz. 

Mdile. 
Edile. 

Ambassador. 
Embassador. 

Amend. 
Emend. 

Ancient. 
Antient. 
Antechamber. 
Antichamber. 

Apostasy. 
Apostacy. 

Aposteme. 
Apostume. 

Apothegm. 
Apophthegm. 

Archasology. 
Archaiology. 
Arquebuse. 
Harquebuso. 

Arrack 
Arack. 

Auger. 
Augre. 

Balk. 
Baulk. 

Banister. 
Baluster. 

Bark. 
Barque. 



Bass (in music). 
Base. 



Bazaar. 
Bazar. 



Befall. 
Befal. 

Behoove. 
Behove. 



Biased. 
Biassed. 

Bilge. 
Bulge. 
Binnacle. 
Bittacle. 

Blamable. 
Blameable. 

Bouse, Bousy. 
Booze, Boozy. 

Bucaneer. 
Bucanier. 

Bumblo Bee. 
Humble Bee. 

Burden. 
Burthen. 
Burdensome. 
Burthensoma. 

Caliph. 

Calif. 

Kaliph. 

Calk. 

Caulk. 

Caltrop. 
Calthrop. 

Camlet. 
Camelot. 

Camphor. 
Camphire. 

Canvass. 
Canvas. 

Carabine. 
Carbine. 

Carat. 
Caract. 
Caravel. 
Carvel. 

Catchup. 
Catsup. 
Causey. 
Causeway. 

Cayman. 
Caiman. 

Cazique. 
Cacique. 

Centiped. 
Centipede. 

Cess. 



Cham. 
Khan. 



Chamois. 
Shamois. 

Chap, Chaps. 
Chop, Chops. 

Chastely. 
Chastly. 

Chasteness. 
Chastness. 

Check. 
Cheque. 

Chemist. 
Chymist. 

Choir. 
Quire. 

Choose. 
Chuse. 

Chorister. 
Quirister. 

Cipher. 
Cypher. 

Clew. 

Clue. 

Comfrey. 
Cumfrey. 

Connection. 
Connexion. 

Contemporary. 
Cotemporary. 

Control. 
Controul. 

Cony. 
Coney. 

Cordova. 
Cordwain. 

Cornelian. 
Carnelian. 

Corpse. 
Corse. 

Coulter. 
Culter. 

Cranch. 
Craunch. 

Crawfish. 
Crayfish. 

Cuisse. 
Cuish. 

Curbstone. 
Kerbstone. 

Cymar. 
Simar. 



Damson. 
Damascene. 

Dandriff. 
Dandruff. 

Daub. 
Dawb. 

Delf. 
Delft. 

Demesne. 
Domain. 

Despatch. 
Dispatch. 

Docket. 
Doquet. 

Dower. 
Dowry. 

Dryly. 
Drily. 

Dryness. 
Driness. 

Dyeing. 
Dying. 

Ecstasy. 
Ecstacy. 

Embezzle. 
Imbezzle. 

Empale. 
Impale. 

Empannel. 
Impannel. 

Enclose. 
Inclose. 

Encyclopedia 
Encyclopedia. 

Endorse. 
Indorse. 

Enigma. 
^Enigma. 

Enrol . 
Enroll. 

Entire. 
Intire. 

Equerry. 
E query. 
Equivoke. 
Equivoque. 

Eschalot. 
Shallot. 
Escrutoire. 
I Scrutoire. 



* In the Extract which follows (taken 
attempt to settle the orthography of many 



from the Author's Dictionary of Derivations) will be found 
of these words. The more usual spelling U placed first. 



WORDS OF UNSETTLED ORTHOGRAPHtT. 



xli 



Hawser 


Junket. 


Pacha. 


Halser. 


Juncate. 


Bashaw. 


Hiccough. 


Keg. 


Packet. 


Hickup. 


Cag. 


Pacquet. 


Hinderance. 


Lacker. 


Paillasse. 


Hindrance. 


Lacquer. 


Palliasse. 


Holiday. 


Licence. 


Stanch. 


Holyday. 


License. 


Staunch. 


Honeyed. 


Licorice. 


Strew. 


Honied. 


Liquorice. 


Strow. 


Hostler. 


Lief. 


Pansy. 


Ostler. 


Lieve. 


Pancy. 


Housewife. 


Lilac. 
Lilach. 


Parsnip. 


Huswife. 


Parsnep. 


Hypotenuse. 


Loath. 
Loth. 


Pedler. 


Hypothenuse. 




Peddler. 


Imbrue. 
Embrue. 


Lodgment. 
Lodgement. 


Pedlar. 
Phantasm, 




Lustring. 


Fantasm. 


Immovable. 
Immoveable. 


Lutestring. 


Phantom, 




Malcontent. 


Fantom. 


Indite. 
Endite. 


Malecontent. 


Phial. 




Mall. 


Vial. 


Indue. 


Maul. 




Endue. 




Philibeg. 




Marquess. 


Fillibeg. 


Inferable. 
Inferrible. 


Marquis. 
Marshall. 


Phlegm. 
Flegm. 


Inflection. 


Mareschal. 


Inflexion. 


Martin. 


Phthisic. 
Tisic. 


Ingraft. 


Marten. 


Pie. 
Pye. 


Ingraff. 


Mastio. 


Innuendo. 


Mastich. 


Inuendo. 


Milleped. 


Pigmy. 
Pygmy. 


Inquire. 
Enquire. 


Millepede. 

Molosses. 


Pimento. 
Pimenta. 


Inquiry. 


Molasses. 




Enquiry. 

Instructor. 
Instructer. 

Insure. 


Moneyed 
Monied. 
Mongrel. 
Mungrel. 


Pincers. 
Pinchers. 

Plaster. 
Plaister. 


Ensure. 


Mosquito. 


Plat. 
Plot. 

Pontoon. 


Inventor. 
Inventer. 


Mosqueto. 
Movable. 


Jailer. 


Moveable. 


Ponton. 


Gaoler. 


Multiped. 


Porpoise. 




Multipedo. 


Porpus. 


Janty. 
Jaunty. 


Murder. 
Murther. 


Pumpkin. 
Pompion. 


Jasmine. 
Jessamine. 


Muscle. 

Mussel (a shellfish). 


Purblind. 
Poreblind. 


Jelly. 
Gelly 


Negotiate. 


Quatercousin 


Negociate. 


Catercousin. 


Jole. 


Olio. 


Quintain. 


Jowl. 


Oglio. 


Quintin. 


Jostle. 


Orison. 


Rabbi. 


Justle. 


Oraison. 


Rabbin. 


Judgment. 


Oyez. 


Rase. 


Judgement. 


Oyes, 


Raze. 



xlii 



ORTHOGRAPHY. 



Rear. 

Here. 

Rearmouse. 

Reremouse. 

Rearward. 
Rereward. 
Recognise. 
Roeognizo. 

Referable. 
Referrible. 
Reflection, 
Reflexion. 

Relic. 
Relique. 
Renard. 
Reynard. 

Rennot. 
Runnet. 



Rosin. 

Restiff. 



Reverie. 
Revery. 

Riband. 
Ribbon. 

Rotatory. 
Rotary. 

6alique. 
Salio. 
Savin. 
Sabine. 

Scallop. 
Scollop. 
Sceptic. 
Skeptio. 

Scholium. 
Scholion. 



Screen. 
Skreen, 
Sear. 
Sere. 


Solvable. 
Solvible. 
Somersault. 
Somerset. 


Sempstress. 
Seamstress. 
Sergeant. 
Serjeant. 


Spa. 

Spaw. 

Spinach. 

Spinage. 


Shard. 
Sherd. 


Spiritous. 
Spirituous. 


Sheer (pure). 
Shear. 

Show. 
Show. 
Shyly. 
Shily. 


Sponge. 
Spunge. 

Spright. 
Sprite. 
Surname. 
Sirname. 


Shyness. 
Shincss. 


Survivor. 
Survivor. 


Sillabub. 
Syllabub. 


Swale. 
Sweal. 


Silvan. 
Sylvan. 
Siphon. 
Syphon. 


Swap. 
Swop. 
Talc. 
Talck. 


Sirup. 
Syrup. 
Skate. 
Scate. 


Thresh. 
Thrash. 
Tidbit. 
Titbit. 


Skein. 
Skain. 


Ton. 
Tun. 


Skilful. 

Skillful. 


Tormentor. 
Tormentor. 


Skull. 

Scull. 


Trivet. 
Trevet. 


Slabber. 
Slobber. 


Trowsers. 
Trousers. 


Slyness. 
Slincss. 


Turkois. 
Turquoise. 


Solder. 
Soder. 


Unbiased. 
Unbiassed. 



Vails. 

Vales. 

Vantbraos. 
Vantbrass. 
Veil. 
Vail. 

Vendor. 
Vender. 

Villanous. 
Villainous. 

Villany. 
Villainy. 

Visiter. 
Visitor. 

Waggon. 
Wagon. 

Waif. 
Waift. 

Wale. 
Weal 

Wave. 
Waive. 

Wear (a dam)., 

Weir. 

Wier. 

Whisky. 
Whiskey. 

Windlace. 
Windlass. 

Woo. 
Wo. 

Woful. 
Woeful. 

Woollen. 
Woolen. 

Wreck. 
Wrack. 
Yest. 
Yeast. 



WORDS SPELLED IN TWO OR MORE WAYS: 

WITH AN ATTEMPT TO SETTLE THEIR ORTHOGRAPHY.* 

[FROM THE AUTHOR'S " DICTIONARY OF DERIVATIONS."] 

When the orthography of a word is doubtful, etymology and analogy 
should decide. Hence, complete, and not compleat, is the proper 
orthography, because derived from the Latin completus, or the French 
complet ; which is confirmed by the cognate word, replete. 

Abetter, Abettor. The latter orthogra- 



phy is allowable in law only, which affects 
Latin terminations ; as in Grantor, &c. Er 
is an English or Saxon affix, and Abet is of 
Saxon origin. 
Account, Accompt, Accountant, Ac- 



* The writer is not forgetful of the great maxim, 
U*u» norma loquencli." See note *. page xliv. 



comptant. Usage, pronunciation, and ana- 
logy, are in favor of Account and Account- 
ant, except when the words aro officially 
applied ; as " Clerk of tho Accompts," 
" Accomptant-GencrvLl." Custom has made 
a similar distinction between the words Con- 
troller and Comptroller, Register and 
Registrar. 

jEdile, Edile. See No. 13, page vi., and 
the note subjoined. 



WORDS SPELLED IN TWO OR MORJfi WA15. 



xliii 



Ambassador, Embassador. Custom is in 
favor of the former, though Embassage is 
seldom written with A, and Embassy, never. 
Another reason in favor of Embassador is 
its immediate derivation from the French 
Embassadewr. 

Amend, Emend. The former is from the 
French amender, and the latter, from the 
Latin emendo. Emend is almost obsolete, 
but its derivatives, emendation and emen- 
dator, are in use. 

Ancient, Antient. We derive this word 
from the French ancien, and not from the 
Latin antiquus. The first is therefore the 
preferable form. 

Antechameer, Antichamber. This word 
is derived from the Latin ante, before, and 
not from the Greek anti, against. It should 
therefore be written antechamber. 

Apostasy, Apostacy. This word is de- 
rived from the Greek apo, from, and stasis, 
a standing. The first is therefore the proper 
form. 

Aposteme, Apostume. We have adopt- 
ed both these words from the French. The 
original is the Greek apostema, which means 
a standing from. 

Apothegm, Apophthegm, The latter is 
the more correct form, but the former is 
generally employed. The original is the 
Greek apophthegma. 

Archeology, Archaiology. The first is 
ihe form generally in use, though the second 
is more in accordance with etymology, name- 
ly, from the Greek archaios, ancient, and 
logos, a word, discourse, doctrine, or science. 

Arquebuse, Harquebuse. The latter is 
a Cockney pronunciation of the original word 
arquebuse, which we have adopted from the 
French. The root of the first part of the 
word, is the Latin arcus, a bow. 

Balk, Baulk. The u has no more busi- 
ness in balk, than it has in calk, chalk, talk, 
or walk. The second form is, therefore, in- 
correct. 

Baluster, Banister. The second form, 
though a corruption of the first, is the one 
generally employed. The root is the Greek 
balaustion, the flower or blossom of the 
pomegranate. 

Basin, Bason. There is a disposition to 
write basin, when the word means a deep 
circular pond or dock, but bason, when the 
term is applied to a large deep bowl. There 
is no reason for this distinction. As well 
might a different orthography be sought for 
a sheet of water and a sheet of paper. Basin, 
a dock or pond, and basin, a bowl, are but 
different applications of the same word. The 
French is bassin, the Italian bacino. 

Calk, Caulk. The latter form is quito 
erroneous. See Balk. 

Camlet, Camelot. Usage and pronunci- 
ation are in favor of the former, though the 
latter, which we borrow from the French 
without change, is the proper form. 

Camomile, Chamomile. The 3econd form, 
though more in accordance with etymology, 
is seldom used. 

Camphor, Camphire. The first, which is 
the form generally used, h from the Latin 



camphora ; the second is from the French 
camphre. 

Canvass, Canvas. Some persons make a 
distinction between these words, applying 
canvass to the act of sifting or examining, 
and canvas to hempen cloth. But they are 
different applications of the same word, and 
should consequently be similarly spelled. 
The root is the Latin cannabis, hemp, also 
cloth made of hemp ; and as cloth made of 
hemp is, from the coarseness of its texture, 
used for straining or sifting, the term came 
to signify to search after and solicit rotes, aa 
at an election. 

Carabine, Carbine. The first, which has 
been transferred from the French to our 
language without change, is the proper form ; 
but the latter is beginning to be generally 
adopted. 

Chap, Chop. When applied to the hands, 
usage requires Chap, which is usually pro- 
nounced as if it were written Chop.* 

Checker, Chequer. There seems to be 
a disposition to return to the old ortho- 
graphy, but without reason. Those who 
write Chequer, should, to be consistent with 
themselves, write Paquet, Laqney, &o. We 
should also write CHECKER-work, and check, 
except when the word signifies an order for 
money (properly, the checking or correspond- 
ing cipher of a bank bill), which is now uni- 
versally written cheque. 

Chemist, Chymist, Chimist ; Chemistry, 
Chymistry, Chimistry. I have given these 
words the places which custom has assigned 
them ; but without doubt, the first should be 
last, and the last first. Even supposing the 
word to be of Greek origin, analogy requires 
it to be written with y. But as Chimistry is 
evidently formed from the French Chimie, 
by the addition of the termination istry, as 
in TALMistry, it should be written with i. 
In the Italian and Spanish languages, too, 
the syllable in dispute is similarly written, 
viz. Chimica, and Chimin,. To this mav be 
added the authority of Webster :— " The 
orthography of this word (Chimistry) has 
undergone changes through a mere ignorance 
of its origin, than which nothing can be more 
obvious. It is the Arabic Kimia, the occult 
art or science, from Kamai, to conceal. 
This was originally the art or science called 
Alchimy." 

Choir, Quire ; Chorister, Quirtster. 
Quire and Quirtster are antiquated, and 
contrary to etymology. 

Coif, Quoif. The old orthography, Quoif, 
should, perhaps, be used, when the terra is 
officially applied, viz., to the cap of a ser- 
geant-at-law. The French is colffe ; whence 
also, coiffure, a head-dress. 

Comptroller. See Account. 

Connexion, Connection. Etymology, au- 
thority, and usage, deolare for the former. 



* Chap, Chop, and Chip, are of the same family. 
The root is perhaps the Greek xoxtoi, to cut. The 
confusion between Chap and Chop is produced by the 
broad sound of a, which approaches to o; as in hall, 
all, wall, &c. Hence chap and chop slabbih and 

SLOBBER. 





xliv 



ORTHOGRAPHY. 



Tb9 French is Connexion, and the Latin 
Connexio. Complexion is analogous in 
every respect, but no one writes it with ct.* 

Contre-Danse, Country-dance. The lat- 
ter orthography, which is nowf considered 
vulgar, arose from a misapprehension of the 
term contre, opposite, face to face. 

Control, Controul. Usage, pronuncia- 
tion, and etymology, decide for control, 
which is immediately from the French con- 
trdler. 

Cordovan, Cordwain. The first is the 
form most in use. It is derived from Cor- 
dova in Spain, the Corduba of the Romans. 

Cornelian, Carnelion. I prefer the first, 
because I am convinced the word is deriv- 
ed from the Cornelian or cornel cherry 
'" corna rubicunda"), and not from carna- 
lis, flesh {color). The French is Cornnline, 
the Italian Cornalina, and the Latin Cnr- 
neola onyx. 

Corpse, Corse. The latter orthography 
should never be used in prose. Corse is a 
poetic word. 

Cranch, Craunch. The first is the cor- 
rect form. Compare Stanch and its old 
form Staunch. 

Crawfish, Crayfish. A corruption of the 
French ecrevisse. the root of whi.-h is the 
Latin carabus, a crab. The first is the usual 
form. 

D4MASCENE, Damson. Custom is quite 
in favor of the latter, notwithstanding its 
incorrectness. We should at least write 
Damascene. The Latin is prunum Dama- 
scerLnm. 

Delft, Delf, Delph. Delft (ware), like 
China, owes its name to the place where it 
w^s originally made, namely, Delft, a town 
in the Netherlands. 

Demesne, Demain. These are quite dif- 
ferent words. The latter is a corruption of 
domain, which is through the French do- 
mainc, from the Latin dominium, a seigni- 
ory or lordship : whereas, demesne is deriv- 
ed from de mansio, and properly means that 
part of the estate attached to the mansion, 
or house, where the proprietor remains or 
resides. Demain uhould therefore be dis- 
carded from our vocabulary. 

Despatch, Dispatch. The latter ortho- 
graphy is generally used, notwithstanding its 
incorrectness. The etymology of the sylla- 
ble in dispute is at least certain, viz., the 
Latin de, as in decamp. In no other in- 
stance has dis or di the force given it in Dis- 
patch. 

Draught, Draft. Johnson rejects Draft, 
as a corruption ; but it is now proper! v ap- 
plied to a Draft for money, or to Draft 
troops, &c. 



* It may be said, the French of Ketlhction is Re- 
fiexion, aud why not follow the French orthography ? 
Mj answer is, Reflection was generally spelled with x, 
till Johnson declared for the present orthography, on 
the principle of the word being formed from refit ct. 
I; may be added, too, that there is no such word in 
latin 'as Reflexio. Had this been the case, Reflection 
would in ail probability have been written w th x, as 
its cognates are—flcxiUe, flexibility, flexure, &c. 

\ " Country-do nee" occurs frequently in theSpec- 
trjor S'ie Nos. 2 and 60. 



Ecstasy, Ecstaaj. The first is the more 
correct form. See Apostasy. 

Enclose, Inclo.-e. We derive this word 
from the French Enclos, not from the Latin 
Inclusus. We should therefore write En- 
close and Enclosure. 

Enigma, Mnigma. The first form is now 
generally employed. See jEdile. 

Entire, Intire. Both custom and ety- 
mology decide for Entire. It is derived 
directly from the French Entiere, not from 
the Latin Integer. 

Equery, Equerry. From the French 
ecuyer, a groom. 

Expense, Expence. Etymology, autho- 
rity, and analogy, declare fur Expense. The 
Latin is Expensa.* 

Gaol, Jail; Gaoler, Jailer. Etymology 
and authority are in favour of Gaol and 
Gaoler, which we derive from the French 
Gcole and Geolier.f 

Glaive, Glave. The first, which we have 
adopted from the French, is the form most 
used by our best writers. 

Gourmand, Go^nand, The first, which 
we have adopted from the French, is geno« 
rally preferred ; but we now always write 
gormandize and gonnandizer without the u. 

Graft, Graff. Graft is formed from 
the participle graffed ; as left from leaved, 
weft from weaved, cleft from cleaved, <fec. 
It is quite erroneous, therefore, to write 
Graft, when the word is used as a verb. As 
well might we say to cleft, to weft, &c. 
Graff is from the French Greffe.t 

Griffon, Griffin. We derive this word 
from the French griffon, and not from the 
Latin or Greek. The first form is therefore 
to be preferred. 

Gypsy, Gipsy. As this term is derived, 
though without reason, from the word Egyp- 
tian, the first form is the more correct. 

Halliards, Halyards. This word is de- 
rived from hawl, and the termination ard, 
as in dotard. The y, therefore, has no busi- 
ness in it. 

Harebrained, Hairbrained. The second, 
though quite erroneous, is generally used. 
Harebrained means as wild as a hare; or, 
as said, " harum scarum." Compare also 
the adage, " as mad as a March hare." 

Hostler, Ostler. Etymolugy (from Hos- 



* But it may be said, Offence Is from the Latin 
I offensa, and yet it is always written with c. To this 
j it may be answered, if the same could be said of Ex- 
: pi !nsb it would not appear here. Our business is only 
: with such words as are written in two or more ways. 
I Analogy, however, is strong for the s ; as in expens- 
ive, offensive, defensive, d'fensibie. 

f Gnoi.E. The origin of this word is disputed; but 
in all probabDity it is the Latin cavea, or rather it* 
diminutive cave-tin. Cavea was frequently used by 
the Romans to denote a cage, or pla ee of confioe- 
I ment generally; and in old French writers, (geole, 
I gaiole,) gayole occurs frequently in the sense of a 
cage. 

t The root of the French greffe is the Greek 

yq-y-Cicv, &pen (from the resemblance to the point)- 

In old French writers, greffe occurs in this sense; as. 

" Le pe'ehe' de Juda est escrit d'un greffe de fer. - 

; The same word is now used by the French to denot* 

• the rolls, registers, or public writings; whence gr^f 

\ fier, a registrar or secretary. 



■WORDS SPELLED IN TWO OR MORE WAYS. 



XlY 



tel, hostelrie) and analogy* decide in favor 
of the first. 

Indie, Endue. We derive this word 
from the Latin Induo, not from the French 
Enduire. Indue is therefore to be preferred. 

Inquire, Enquire. Etymology and ana- 
logy! decide in favor of Inquire. It is 
derived immediately from the Latin Inquiro, 
not from the French Evquerir. We should 
also write Inquiry ; and in all parliamentary 
and public documents the word is so written. 

Jelly, Gelly. Though etymology:): and 
analogy § are in favour of the latter, it is 
seldom used. 

Lavander, Lavender. Th is word is from 
Lavandula, low Latin, by the change of I 
into r, as in the analogies previously given. 
The first is therefore the proper orthography. 

Licence, License. The substantive,^ at 
least, should be written Licence. It has 
been transferred to our language from the 
French without change, and is formed from 
the Latin Licenli'a ; as science from Scien- 
tia; sentence from Senten/rVi, &c. It is 
true, Johnson's authority is in favor of Li- 
cense ; but eight of the nine examples which 
he gives of the noun, appear in the ortho- 
graphy here recommended. 

MANTLR-pieee, Mnntel-\i\ecG. As Mantle, 
a cloak, and Mantle of a chimney, are but 
different applications of the same word, there 
is no reason for making a distinction in the 
orthography. 

Negotiate, Negociate. The first is to he 
preferred, because it is derived immediately 
from the Latin Negotiaius, not from the 
French Negocier. Analogy, too, is in favor 
of Negotiate; as Negotiation, Negotiator, 
Negotiable. 

Olio, Oglio. The g is quite unnecessary, 
and alien to the etymology. 

Paillasse. This word, though constantly 
in our mouths, has not yet been admitted 
into our dictionaries. It is purely French, 
and should be spelled as such. 

Peddler, Pedler, Pedlar. I prefer the 
first, because I consider the word formed 
from Peddle; as Meddler from Meddle, 
Fiddler from Fiddle, &c. Johnson says 
Peddler is a contraction of petty dealer;^ 
but we might as well derive Fiddler from 
fiddle dealer. 

Pendant, .Pennon, Pennar>< As the 
first two are of different origin, either of them 
may be used with propriety. The latter, 
Pennant, is a corruption of Pendant, or 
perhaps the French Penon. 

Phial, Vial. Etymology and ttsage de- 
cide for Phial. The Latin and Greek is 
Phiala. 

Plaster, Plaister. The latter ortho- 
graphy is quite erroneous. 



* As Fnst, Fbspital, ffbspitality, &c. 

t As Inquisitive, inquisition, &c. 

t From the French gelee, the root of which is the 
Latin gelatins, frozen. 

§ As in gelatine, gelatinous, &c. 

|t As in Practice and I'ruphecy. 

«! Thomson, in his Ftymons, derives Peddler from 
pied alter . but the analog) of the Language is alto- 
gether in favor of Peddle, and the common affix er, 
which denotes an agent or doer. 



Plat, Plot. The word is properly written 
in Plat form ; but grass-PLOT seems to be 
beyond correction. 

Poreblind, Purblind. The most proba- 
ble etymology of the disputed syllable of 
this word is the Greek *»*«>, blind. Pore- 
blind is therefore to be preferred. 

Porpoise, Porpus. From the Latin por- 
cus, a hog, and piscis, a tish. The latter is 
quite incorrect. 

Puny, Puisne. From the French puisne, 
the root of which is the Latin post natus. 
The latter orthography is never used, except 
when the term is officially applied, as to a 
junior judge. 

Rear, Here. There is a strong disposi- 
tion at present to use the latter orthography, 
which, if it were only to distinguish the 
word from rear, to raise or bring up, and 
rear, raw or underdone, should be encou- 
raged. The root of Rere is the Latin Retro, 
t being sunk, as in pere from patre, mere 
from aiatre, pierre from pktra, &c. Ety- 
mology, therefore, is in favor of Rere. 

Resin, Rosin. The latter is quite errone- 
ous. The French is resin, and the Latin 
resina. Analogy, too, is in favour of Resin, 
as Resinous, &c. 

Reticule. From the Latin reticulum, 
a small net. This word is often errone- 
ously pronounced, and sometimes written, 
Redicule. 

Ribbon, Ribon, Riband, Riban* The 
etymology of this word is disputed, and 
hence tho various spellings. As the French 
Ruban is, in all probability, the word from 
which ours is derived, Riban deserves the 
preference. 

Scissors, Scissars. There is a disposition 
at present to introduce the latter ortho- 
graphy, for which there is neither authority 
nor reason. 

Seamstress, Sempstress, Semstress. This 
term is nearly obsolete. The first is evi- 
dently the proper form. 

Sirup, Syrup, Sir op, Syrop. Tho ety- 
mology of thi3 word is doubtful, and hence 
the confused orthography. Usage, at pre- 
sent, is in favor of the first. 

Soder, Solder. The first of these words 
is from the French souder ; the second ia 
direct from the Latin, viz., solidare, to make 
solid, to mend or cement metal. 

Spa, Spaio. We are indebted for this 
word to Spa, a town in Germany, famous for 
its mineral waters. We should, therefore, 
write Spa. 

Spinach, Spinage. The first is to be pre- 
ferred, because derived from the Latin spin- 
acia. 

Sponge, Spunge. We derive this word 
from the Larin spongia. Spongb is, there- 
fore, the proper orthography. 



* Webster proposes Ribin, which he derives from 
the Welch rhibiu, a row or streak ; and adds, — 
" This word has no connexion with band, and Ch3 
Common orthography is grossly erroneous." 

Menage derives Ruban from the Latin rubens, (t\x~ 
benus, rubanus,) red. " Pareeque les pius beaux 
rubans sont de eouleur de feu." We add, Be g»tti- 
but non disputandum. 

C2 



xlri 



ORTHOGRAPHY. 



WORDS SIMILAR IN SOUKD, 

BUT DIFFERING IN SPELLING AND SIGNIFICATION.* 



It Is a shame for a man to be so Ignorant of this little art, a9 to he perpetually confounding words of like 
.ound and different signification ; the consciousness of which defect makes some men, otherwise of good 
{earning and understanding, averse to writing even a common letter. — F&anklin. 



Beach. 
Beech. 



Been. 

Beat. 
Beet. 

Beau. 
Bow. 

Beer. 

Bier. 

Bell. 

Belle. 

Berry. 
Bury. 

Bight. 
Bite. 

Birth. 
Berth. 

Blew. 
Blue. 
Boar. 
Bore. 

Board. 
Bored. 

Bold. 
Bowled. 

Boll. 
Bowl. 

Borne. 
Bourn. 
Borough. 
Burrow. 

Bough. 
Bow. 

Boy. 
Buoy. 

Braid. 
Brayed. 

Brake. 
Break. 

Brays. 
Braze. 

Bread. 
Bred. 



Brews. 



Broach. 
Brooch. 

Bruit. 
Brute. 

But. 

Butt. 

Buy. 

By. 

Cain. 

Cane. 

Call. 
Caul. 

Canon. 

Cannon. 

Cask. 

Casque. 

Cast. 

Caste. 

Cession. 



Chagrin. 
Shagreen. 

Chair. 
Char. 
Chock. 
Cheque. 

Chews. 
Choose. 
Choler. 
Collar. 
Chord. 
Cord. 

Chough. 

Chuff. 

Cite. 

Sight. 

Site. 

Clarke. 

Clerk. 

Clause. 

Claws. 

Climh. 
Clime. 



Close. 
Clothes. 
Coarse. 
Course. 
Complement. 
Compliment. 
Coquet. 
Coquette. 
Core. 
Corps. 
Creak. 
Creek. 
Crews. 
Cruise. 
Cue. 
Queue. 
Cygnet. 
Signet. 
Dam. 
Damn. 
Day. 
Dey. 
Dane, 
Deign. 
Dear. 
Deer. 
Dew. 
Due. 
Die. 
Dye. 
Doe. 
Dough. 
Does (doe). 
Doze. 
Done. 
Dun. 
Dost. 
Dust. 
Drachm. 
Dram. 
Draft. 
Draught. 
Ewer. 
Your. 
Fain. 
Faue. 
I Feign. 



Faint. 
Feint. 
Fair. 
Fare. 

Faun. 
Fawn. 

Feat. 
Feet. 

Fellow. 
Felloe. 

Feud. 

Feod. 

Fillip. 
Philip. 

Find. 
Fined. 

Fir. 
Fur. 

Flea. 
Flee. 

Flew. 
Flue. 

Flour. 
Flower. 

Fool. 
Full. 

Fore. 
Four. 

Fort. 

Forte. 

Forth. 
Fourth. 
Foul. 
Fowl. 

Frays. 
Phrase. 

Freeze. 
Frieze. 

Furs. 
Furze. 

Gage, 
Gauge. 

Gait. 
Gate. 



Gall. 
Gaul. 

Galloon. 
Galleon. 
Gild. 
Guild. 

Gilt. 
Guilt. 

Glaire. 
Glare. 

Gore. 

Goar. 

Gourd. 

Gored. 

Grate. 

Great. 

Grater. 
Greater. 
Grease. 
Greece. 

Greaves. 

Grieves. 

Groan. 

Grown. 

Grocer. 

Grosser. 

Grot. 

Groat. 

Hail. 
Hale. 
Hair. 
Hare. 
Hall. 
Haul. 

Hart. 

Heart. 

Heal. 

Heel. 

He'll. 

Hear. 

Here. 

Heard. 
Herd. 

Hew. 
Hue. 
Hugh. 



* The meaning of these words will be found in the subjoined Dictionary ; and In the Author's little work, 
called " The SpeUAng-Book Superseded," these, and all the other irregular words in the English language, 
ore fully explained, and illustrated by practical exercises. 



WORDS SIMILAR IN SOUND. 



xlvii 



Limb. 

Limn. 

Links. 

Lynx. 

Lo. 

Low. 

Loan. 
Lone. 

Made. 
Maid. 

Mail. 
Male. 

Main. 

Mane. 
Maize. 
Maze. 

Marshal. 
Martial. 

Mead. 
Mede. 
Meed. 
Mean. 
Mien. 
Meat. 
Meet. 
Mete. 

Metal. 

Mettle. 
Meter. 
Metre. 

Mewl. 
Mule. 

Mews. 
Muse. 
Might. 
Mite. 

Mighty. 
Mity. 



Mist. 
Moan. 
Mown. ' 

Moat. 
Mote. 

Nap. 
Knap. 

Naught. 
Nought. 

Naughty. 
Knotty. 

Nay. 
Neigh. 

None. 
Nun. 
Nose. 
Knows. 

Oar. 
Ore. 
O'er. 



One. 
Won. 

Pail. 
Pale. 

Pain. 
Pane. 

Pair. 
Pare. 
Pear. 

Palette. 
Pallet. 
Pall. 
Paul 

Panel. 
Pannel. 

Pause. 
Paws. 

Peace. 
Piece. 
Peak. 
Pique. 

Peal. 
Peel. 
Peer. 
Pier. 

Pencil. 
Pensile. 

Place. 
Plaice. 
Plain. 
Plane. 

Plait. 
Plate. 

Pleas. 
Please. 
Plum. 
Plumb. 

Pole. 
Poll. 
Pore. 
Pour. 

Practice. 
Practise. 

Pray. 
Prey. 

President. 
Precedent. 

Pries. 
Prize. 

Quarts. 
Quartz. 
Quire. 
Choir. 

Rain. 

Reign. 

Rein. 

Raise 

Rays. 

Raze. 



Rap. 
Wrap. 

Read. 
Reed. 

Read. 
Red. 

Reck. 
Wreck. 

Reek. 
Wreak. 

Rest. 
Wrest. , 

Right. 
Rite. 
Wright. 
Write. 

Rime. 
Rhyme. 
Ring. 
Wring. 

Road. 
Rode. 

Roe. 
Row. 

Room. 
Rheum. 

Root. 
Route. 

Rote. 
Wrote. 

Rough. 
Ruff. 

Sail. 
Sale. 

Sane. 
Seine. 

Satire. 
Satyr. 

Scene. 
Seen. 
Seine. 

Scent. 

Sent. 

Cent. 



Seal. 
Ceil. 

Seam. 
Seem. 

Sear or Sere. 

Cere. 

Seer. 



Sell. 
Cell. 



Shore. 
Sewer. 

Sink. 
Cinque. 

Size. 
Sice. 
Sighs. 

Slight. 
Sleight. 

Sloe. 
Slow. 

So. 

Sow. 

Sew. 

Soar. 
Sore. 

Sold. 
Soled. 

Sole. 
Soul. 

Some. 
Sum. 

Son. 
Sun. 

Stair. 

Stare. 

Stake. 
Steak. 

Steal. 
Steel. 

Step. 

Steppe. 

Stile. 
Style. 

Straight. 
Strait. 

Suite. 
Sweet. 

Sutler. 
Subtler. 

Tacks. 
Tax. 

Tail. 
Tale. 

Tare. 
Tear. 

Team. 
Teem. 

Tear. 
Tier. 

Teas. 
Tease. 



Their. 
There. 
Threw. 
Through, 

Throe. 
Throw. 

Throne. 
Thrown. 

Tide. 
Tied. 

Time. 
Thyme. 

To. 

Too. 

Two. 

Toe. 
Tow. 

Told. 
Tolled. 

Ton. 
Tun. 

Tray. 

Trait. 
Trey. 

VaiL 
Vale. 
Veil. 

Vain. 
Vane. 
Vein. 
Wade. 
Weighed. 

Wail. 
Wale. 

Wain. 
Wane. 

Waist. 
Waste. 

Wait. 

Weight. 

Ware. 

Wear. 

Way. 
Weigh. 
Weak. 
Week. 

Weather. 
Wether. 

Wood. 
Would. 

Wrought. 
Rot. 

Wry. 
Rye. 

Yoke. 

Yolk. 

Yew. 

You, 

Ewe. 



DERIVATION. 



Derivation is that part of Etymology winch treats of the origin and 
primary signification of words. 

Words are either Primitive or Derivative. 

A primitive word cannot be reduced or traced to any simpler word 
in the language; as man, good. Primitive words, from which deriva- 
tives are formed, are called roots. 

A derivative word can be reduced or traced to another in the lan- 
guage of greater simplicity ; as manly, goodness. 

Derivative words are formed from their primitives : — 1 . By the addition 
of letters or syllables. 2. By the omission of letters, or contraction. 
3. By the interchange of equivalent or kindred letters. 

All words having prefixes or affixes, or both, are examples of the 
firot process. All Avords which undergo what grammarians call aphae- 
resis, syncope, or apocope, are examples of the second process of deri- 
vation. For examples of the third process, see the words under the 
head of " English Etymologies" (page li). 

The meaning of a word is either primary or secondary. The primary 
meaning of a word is that in which it was first or originally applied. 

A word can have but one primary, but it may have several secondary 
meanings. Though in several instances the primary meaning of a 
word has been lost, or is no longer in use, yet in general it will be 
found to pervade all its secondary or figurative applications. 

Many words considered as primitives or roots in English, are deriva- 
tives from the Latin, Greek, and other languages. To the Latin language, 
in particular, the English is indebted for a large portion of its vocabulary. 
In proof of this the reader is referred to the Dictionary of Derivations. 

A prefix is a significant particle, generally an inseparable preposi- 
tion, prefixed to a word to vary or modify its signification ; as un in un- 
just, mis in mistake. 

An affix or termination is a significant particle or syllable added 
to a word to vary or modify its meaning; as Jul in harmful, less in 
harmless. 



PREFIXES AND AFFIXES. 

ENGLISH OR SAXON PREFIXES. I Fork, (before) ; as foresee, forewarn, 

A. at, to, or on ; as afield,* that is, at, or /oretell. 
to the field ; afoot, orafoot ; aboard, on- Mrs, not, wrong or error; as wwtake, 
board ; ashore, onshore. I »»»conduct. 

Be. This prefix is merely the verb to be; ! Oct, beyond, superiority ; as outiixe, out- 
as oefriend, that is, to be a friend to; be- \ run - 

token, to be a token or mark; oespeak, to | Over, above, beyond; as overcharge, over- 
speak or order a tiling to be prepared ; be- \ reach. 

dewed, being dewed or covered with dew. Un > not > llko the Latin in ; as un- 
Be usually gives a transitive signification to , spcakabla, meltable ; wwwilling, mvolun- 



verbs ; as become, fcestridi 

EM,t to make ; as enable, to make able. 
En is sometimes changed into em; as em- 
bark, empower. 

For, negative or privative ; as forbid, to 
bid not, or prohibit ; forget, not to get or 
have in recollection. 



* " flow jocund (lid they drive their team afield." 
f En. In some words, en is used both as a prefix . 
•ad an ajfix; as in cjtlighten, enliven, embolden. I Leep/rowi 



t;iry. 

Up, motion upwards; as Wjostart : also, 
subversion ; as upset. 

With, from, against ; as withdraw, with- 
stand. 

LATIN PREFIXES. 

A, ab, abs, from ; as avert, to turn from } 
absolve, to f ico from ; abstain, to bold OX 



PREFIXES AND AFFIXES. 



xlix 



An,* to; as advert, to turn to; adverb, 
a part of speech added) to a verb. 
Ante,! before; as antecedent, going be- 
fore. 

Bis, Br, two ; as bisect, to cut or divide 
into two; biped, a £w>o-footed animal. 

CiRcini, circu, about or around; as c/r- 
cwwjacent, lying around; circulate, to carry 
rowwd. 

Con, with or together; as coracourse, a 
running together. 

Contra, against ; as contradict, to speak 
against, or to the contrary. Contra some- 
times takes the form of counter, as in coun- 
teract. 

De, down, from, of; as descend, to come 
down ; depart, to part from ; describe, to 
write of or concerning. 

Drs, di, asunder, apart, or separated 
from; (and hence its negative force) not; as 
disjoin, d/smember, d/.vplease. 

E, ex, out of; as eject, to cast out ; ex- 
clude, to shut out. 

Extra, out, beyond; as extraordinary, 
beyond ordinary or common. 

In, when prefixed to a verb, has its usual 
meaning, in, into ; as mject, to cast in or 
mto ; but when prefixed to an adjective, it 
"iieans not ; as mfirm, not firm, or weak. 

Intkr, between ; as intervene, to come 
between. 

Intro, to within ; as m^roduce, to leadfo 
within. 

Juxta, nigh to; as juxtaposition, position 
nigh to. 

Ob, in the ivay of, against ; as obvious, 
Obstacle, object (to cast or urge against). 

Per, through, thoroughly or completely ; 
as pervade, to go through ; perfect, tho- 
roughly made, or complete. 

Post, after; as postscript, written after. 

Pr.e, before ; as precede, to go before ; 
predict, to foretell. 

Pro, forth, or forward ; also, for, or in- 
stead of; as protrude, to thrust forward ; 
pronoun, for or instead of a, noun. 

Re, back or again ; as revert, to turn 
back ; reform, to form again, to remodel, to 
improve. 

Rktuo, backward ; as retrospect, a look- 
ing backward or on the past. 

Se, aside or apart ; as secede, to go apart 
or withdraw from. 

Sub, under ; as subset ibe, to write under ; 
*'«oterranean, under ground. 



* Ad. — The final letter of a preposition in compo- 
sition usually becomes the same as the initial letter 
of the word to which it is prefixed. Thus ad be- 
comes ac, as in accede ; a/,as in a/fix; ag, as in ag- 
gression ; al, as in ailude j an, as in announce; ar, 
as in arrogate; as, as in absent; and at, as in at- 
tract. This change is made to please the ear. For 
the same reason, con is frequently changed into co, 
cog, col, com, cor ; as coheir, connate, collect, com- 
press, corrupt; k, ex, into ec, ef, el; as in eclipse, 
effulgent, eHipse; in, into yi, il, hn, ir ; a3 in ig. 
noble, iUicit, immerge, irruption; ob, intoo, oc,6f, 
op; as in on.it, occur, offer, oppose ; sub, into sue, 
ruf, rug, sup, stis ; as in success, »w/fuse, s-ugn est, 
suppose, sus\ eml ; and svn, into sy, ayl, sym ; as in 
ostein, *//(!. .L'isui, ^gwipathy. 

f A nte. In anticipate, the e in ante has been cor- 
rupted into i. 



Sit'er,* above or over; as supernume- 
rary, above the number. 

Trans, beyond; as transport, to carry 
beyond. 

GREEK PREFIXES. 

A,f not or without ; as apathy, without 
(jjathos) feeling ; abyss, ivithout a bottom.^: 

Amphi, about, on both sides ; as amphi- 
theatre, a theatre with seats about or circu- 
lar ; amphibious, living in both, that is, both 
on land and in water. 

Ana, again or back ; as anabnptism, that 
is, baptism again or a second time ; ana- 
lyse, to resolve or loose (into the compo- 
nent parts) again ; ♦araachronism, (dated 
back or earlier than the occurrence, ) an error 
in chronology. 

Aim, against; as antidote, given against 
or to counteract. 

Apo, from ; as apostle, (sent from,) a mis- 
sionary ; apostate, one who stands from or 
abandons his profession or party; apology, a 
word or discourse from, an excuse or justifi- 
cation; (sometimes apo becomes aph, as in 
aphelion.) 

Auto, self; as autograph, self written (as 
" an autograph letter from the Queen") ; 
autobiography, a biography or history oi 
one's self. 

Cata, down ; as cataract, a vratex-fall. 

DrA, through ; as diameter, a line passing 
through the middle ; diagonal, a line passing 
through a parallelogram from one angle to 
the opposite ; dialogue, a discourse (passing 
from one side to the other) between two. 

Epi, upon ; as epidemic, upon the people, 
or very prevalent ; epilogue, a word or speech 
wpora, or immediately after, the play. 

Hyper, above; as hypercritical, over- 
critical. 

Hypo, under ; as hypocrite, one who 
keeps under or conceals his real sentiments ; 
hyphen, a mark used to bring two words 01 
syllables under or into one. 

Meta, bei/ond ; as metaphor, a carrying 
of, or applying, a word beyond its propel 
meaning. 

Para, beside, from ; as paragraph, a 
writing beside ; parallel, beside one another ; 
parasol, keeping the sun from ; paradox, 
from or contrary to the general opinion (a 
seeming contradiction). 

Pkri, round about; as periphery (cir- 
cumference). 

Syn, isym) together with ; as sympathy, 
suffering with, or compassion. 

AFFIXES OR TERMINATIONS. 

[It is impossible in every case to ascertain 
the exact force, or even general import of an 
affix or termination. Several of them seem 
to have different, and even contradictory 
meanings, and in some cases they appear to 



* Super. ITence sur (through the French) ; as sur- 
base, above the base; «i*rtout, over all; surmount, 
stirpass, &c. 

t A. Before a vowel, a becomes an ; as o-narchy 
without government ; anonymous, without a name. 

$ The dark, unbullomed, infinite alryas. — Milton 



DERIVATION. 



be merely paragogic, that is, they lengthen 
the word without adding to the meaning. 
Teachers should recollect this, and not, as 
many of them do,* require their pupils to 
assign a meaning to every affix which 
occurs.] 

Able, ible, ble, or ile, implies having 
ability or power to do what the word to 
which it is attached signifies ; as portaeZe, 
fit or able to he carried ; defensive, that 
which can, or is ableto be defended ; doci'Ze,f 
able or fit to be taught ; ducvi'Ze, that which 
may be, or is fit to be drawn out. 

Aceous, consisting of, resembling ; as 
herbaceous, testaceous, crustaceous. 

Acy, implies doing, or the thing done ; 
also, state or condition ; as conspiracy, leg- 
acy, celibacy, prelacy. 

Age, ation, tion, ion, denote the act of 
doing ; the thing done ; state or condition ; 
as carriage, passage, marriage, bondage, 
creation, position. 

Al, an, ory, ic, id, ile, ine, denote be- 
longing or pertaining to ; as naturaZ, duc«Z ; 
European, collegian, Christian ; prefatory, 
introductory; public, theoretic; timid, luc- 
id; alkaline, feminine; infanti'Ze, mercant- 
ile. See Ary. 

Ana, denotes sayings or anecdotes of; as 
Walpoliana, Johnsoniawa (of Walpole — of 
Johnson). 

Ard, state or character ; as dotard", one 
in a state of dotage ; sluggard, one who slugs 
or indulges in sloth ; wizard, a wise man or 
sage. 

Ary, implies pertaining to, or one who is 
what the word to which it is attached signi- 
fies ; as military, adversary, missionary. 

Ary, ery, or ory, implies ?lso a set or 
collection of; as library, aviary; nursery, 
rookery, knavery, repository, dormitory. 

Ate, in some cases, signifies to make ; as 
in renovate, invigorate, abbreviate. 

Dom, implies dominion or possession, state 
or condition ; as kingdom, Christendom, 
martyrdom, freedom, wisdom. 

Ee, usually denotes the person in a passive 
state, or as the object of the action ; as 
(lessor, the person who lets or gives a lease) 
lessee, the person to whom a lease is made ; 
patentee, trustee, committee (a certain num- 
ber of persons to whom some inquiry or 
charge is committed). 

En, denotes made of; also, to make ; as 
wooden, golden ; blacken, brighten. Com- 
pare FY and ize. 

Er$ or or, denotes the agent or person 
acting ; as doer, writer, actor, professor. 

Ess, the feminine termination of a noun ; 
as princess, lioness, duchess, actress. 

Ful denotes full of, or abounding in ; as 
'*ope/nZ, artful, joyful. 



* This observation is specially intended for ttie 
teachers of the National Schools. 

f Docile. In such cases rue is a cont-action of ible, 
and must be distinguished from the adjective termi- 
nation ilb, which denotes similitude ; as pueriZe, 
like a boy, infantile, like an infant. 

t Er. In a few words this termination has be- 
come eer, iter, or ar ; as auctioneer, engineer, spin- 
fter : liar, beggar. 



Fv, denotes to make ; as magnify, pur\/y, 
beautify, notify. See En and Ize. 

Head or Hood, implies state or degree? 
as godhead, maidenhood, boyhood, manhood, 
priesthood. 

Ish, implies belonging to ; like or re- 
sembling ; having a tendency to ; as British, 
Irish, boyish, greenish, thievish. 
* Ism, denotes sect, party, peculiarity, or 
idiom ; as Calvinism, Jacobinism, Latinism, 
vulgarism. 

1st, denotes skilled in or professing ; as 
botanist, florist, artist, naturalist, linguist. 

Ite, a descendant or follower of; as Is- 
raelite, Jacobite. 

Ive, has usually an active signification ; as 
defensive, offensive, persuasii/e, arfhesii/e. 

Ize, denotes to make ; as fertilize, general- 
ize, civilize. Compare En and Fy. 

Kin, a diminutive affix, meaning akin to, 
or like ; as lamMi'n, manikin, pip/tin. See 
Ling. 

Less, denotes privation, or to he without ; 
as joy Zess, careZess, harm less. 

Like or ly, denotes likeness or simili- 
tude : as godZi'Are or godZy, gentlemanZi'Ae 
or gentlemanZy. 

Ling, cle, el, et, or ock, expresses dimi- 
nution, endearment, contempt ; as gosling 
(little goose), foundling (a little child or 
infant found), darling (little dear), under- 
ling, -worldling, particZe, satcheZ, pocket, 
hillock. 

Ment, implies the act or doing of; also, 
state or condition ; as acknowledgment, con- 
tentment. 

Ness* denotes the prominent or distin- 
guishing qualities ; state or quality of being ; 
as goodness, greatness, whiteness. 

Ory. See Al and Ary. 

Ose, denotes full of; as verbose, full of 
words. 

Ous, implies having or consisting of; as 
dangerons, bilions, ambitions. 

Rick, implies rule or jurisdiction ; as 
bishopries. 

SHip.f denotes office, state or condition ; as 
chancellors^, lordship, fellowship, friend- 
ship. 

Some, denotes some of, or in some degree ; 
as troublesome, venturesome, quarrelsome. 

Tide, denotes time or event ; as noontide, 
Whitsuntide. 

Tude, ty, or ity, implies being or state of 
being; as gratiZwde, multiZnde, fortitude; 
ability, adversi'Zy ; noveky, anxiety, honesty, 
liber/y. 

Ward, means turned or in the direction 
of; as toward (turned to}, forward (fore- 
ward), backward. 

Uke, implies doing or being ; state or 
condition ; as manufacture, captnre, Script- 
ure, exposnre, displeaswre. 

Y, implieshaving or aboundingin ; as (stone) 
stony, (wealth) wealthy, (wood) woody. 



* Ness properly means a promontory; as Lang- 
ness, the Naze, &c The root is the Latin nasut, the 
nose. 

t Ship properly means the shape or form (as In 
landscape, for \a.ndshape) , and hence, the prominent 
or distinguishing quality. 



ENGLISH ETYMOLOGIES. 



ENGLISH ETYMOLOGIES. 

The great importance of a knowledge of the Latin and Greek roots, 
by which the vocabulary of the English language has been so much en- 
riched, is now universally admitted. In almost every spelling-book 
and grammar now published, copious lists of them are given; while 
English Etymology, properly so called, is comparatively neglected. It 
seems to be forgotten that a similar use may be made of primitive Eng- 
lish words. The following will serve as an introduction to the subject. 



EXAMPLES OF DERIVATIVE WORDS FORMED 
FROM THEIR ROOTS BY THE ADDITION OF 
LETTERS OR SYLLABLES. 



Nib, 

Drip, 

Scribe, 

Crumb, 

Roam, 

Game, 

Cramp, 

Gripe, 

Curd, 

Side, 

Stride, 

Wade, 

Wrong, 

Wbet, 



Nibble. 

Dribble. 

Scribble. 

Crumble. 

Ramble. 

Gamble. 

Crumple. 

Grapple. 

Curdle. 

Sidle. 

Straddle. 

Waddle. 

Wrangle. 

Whittle. 



Wring, 

Bog, 

Wry, 

Wrest, 

Stray, 

Hack, 

Hack, 

Wink, 

Spark, 

Track, 

Throat, 

Shove, 

Rough, 

Pose, 



Wrinkle. 

Boggle. 

Wriggle. 

Wrestle. 

Straggle. 

Hackle. 

Higgle. 

Twinkle. 

Sparkle. 

Trickle. 

Throttle. 

Shuffle. 

Ruffle. 

Puzzle. 



Verbs of this formation are called fre- 
quentatives, because they imply a fre- 
quency or iteration of small acts. 

Nouns of this formation are called diminu- 
tives, because they imply diminution ; as, 



Bind, 

Hand, 

Ruff, 

Round, 

Spin, 

Thumb, 

Stop, 



Lade, 



Bundle. 
Handle. 
Ruffle. 
Run die. 
Spindle. 
Thimble- 
Stopple. 

Some frequentative verbs are formed 
by adding er to the primitive word ; as, 



Steep, 

Nib, 

Gird, 

Tread, 

Shoot, 



Ladle. 

Saddle. 

Steeple. 

Nipple. 

Girdle. 

Treadle. 

Shuttle. 



Beat, 

Spit, 
Spit, 
Pest, 
Climb, 



Batter. 

Sputter. 

Spatter. 

Pester. 

Clamber. 



Gleam, 

Wend, 

Long, 

Hang, 

Whine, 



Glimmer. 

Wander. 

Linger. 

Hanker. 

Whimper. 



The large classes of nouns which are form- 
ed from the past participle, and also, from 
the old form \-eth\ of the third person singu- 
lar of verbs, are examples of the second and 
third process, that is, of contraction, and in- 
terchange of kindred letters. 

EXAMPLES OF NOUNS FORMED FROM TH3B 
PAST PARTICIPLES OF VERBS. 



Joined, Joint.* 
Feigned, Feint. 
Waned, Want. 
Bended, Bent. 
Bended, Rent. 
Gilded, Gilt. 
Weighed, Weight. 
Prayed, Fright. 
Mayed, Might. 



Bayed, Bight. 

Cleaved, Cleft. 

Weaved, Weft. 

Thieved, Theft. 

Thrived, Thrift. 

Shrived, Shrift. 

Drived, Drift. 

Gived, Gift. 

Rived, Rift. 



* Joined (joiu'd, joind), Joint; and In like 
ner, the others. 



Graffed, Graft. Held, Hilt. 

Haved, Haft. Flowed, Flood. 

Haved, Heft. Flowed, Float. 

Deserved,Desert. Cooled,* Cold. 

NOUNS FORMED BY CONTRACTION FROM THE 
OLD THIRD PERSON SINGULAR OF VERBS. 



Healeth, Health, 
Stealeth, Stealth. 
Wealeth, Wealth. 
Groweth, Growth. 
Troweth, Troth. 
Troweth, Truth. 
Breweth, Broth. 



Beareth, Birth. 
Breathe thB reath 
Girdeth, Girth. 
Dieth, Death. 
Tilleth, Tilth. 
Smiteth, Smith.f 
Mooneth, Month. 



Bake, 


Batch. 


Wake, 


Watch. 


Hack, 


Hatch. 


Make, 


Match. 


Break, 


Breach. 


Speak, 


Speech. 


Seek, 


Beseech. 


Poke, 


Pouch. 



Some nouns have been similarly formed 
from adjectives ; as, 

Deep, Depth. Wide, Width. 

Long, Length. Broad, Breadth. 

Strong, Strength. Slow, Sloth. 

Young, Youth. Warm, Warmth. 

Merry, Mirth. Dear, Dearth. 

EXAMPLES OF THE INTERCHANGE Ot i 
KINDRED LETTERS. 

Dike, Ditch. 

Stick, Stitch. 

Nick, Notch. 

Crook, Crouch. 

Mark, Marches, pi. 

Stark, Starch. 

Milk, Milch. 

Kirk, Church. 
From the natural^ tendency in all lan- 
guages to abbreviations, long sounds in sim- 
ple or primitive words, usually become short 
in compounds and derivatives. In the lists 
of words here given, several examples may 
bo found ; and the following are additional : 
Vale, Valley. Wild, Wilderness. 
Shade. Shadow. Wise, Wizard. 
Grain, Granary. White, Whitbread. 
Clean, Cleanse (e). Fore, Forehead. 
Dear, Dearth. Know, Knowledge. 
Please, Pleasant. Holy, Holiday. 
Seam, Seamstress. Import, Important. 
Zeal, Zealous. Goose, Gosling. 

Sheep, Shepherd. Coal, Collier. 
Spleen, Splenetic. Foul, Fulsome. 
Vine, Vineyard. Sour, Surly. 
Prime, Primer. Boor, Burly. 
Behind, Hinder. House, Hustings. 
Wind, Windlass. South, Southerly. 

* The irregular verbs, as they are called, are addi- 
tional examples of this tendency in the language. 
t "Whence Cometh Smyth, albe he knight or 
sijuire, 
But from the smith that tmiUfli at the fire." 
Vebstkgjiv. 
t Because we wish to coir.munioate our ideas wj : b. 
as much quickness as possible. 

C o 



lii 



DERIVATION. 



This is an important principle in pronun- 
ciation, as well as in derivation. We some- 
times hear the fore in forehead pronounced 
four, as in the simple word, instead ot for, 
as it should be in the compound ; also chas- 
tity with the long sound of a, as in chaste, 
instead of chastity. Compare humane, hu- 
manity ; nation, national ; serene, serenity ; 
divine, divinity ; conspire, conspiracy ; pro- 
nounce, pronunciation, &c. 

In English, as in all other languages, there 
are families of words, that is, words allied 



1 in derivation and meaning ; as bind, band, 

bandage, bond, bound, boundary, bundle. 

Beat, batter, battery, bat, baton, beetle. 
i Drop, droop, drip, dribble, dripping, dsip- 
! ping-pan, drivel. Srp, supper, sop, soup, 
' sip. Spit, spittle, spout, sputter. Sup, 
' slop, slope, slipper. Heal, health, hale, 

hail (to wish health, to salute). Bow, bough, 
i booth (bowcth, or made of boughs), bay. 
i Basis, base, abase, debase, abasement. Feed, 

food, fodder. Foot, feet, fetter, fetlock. 
I Head, heed, hood. 



Many of the preceding words are etymologically explained in the 
following List : — 



Abase, to lower; to debase or degrade. 
See Base. 

Abate, to bent down ; to lower ; to lessen 
or diminish. Bate is another form of the 
same word. 



Acorn, the corn or berry of the oak. 
Compare Auck\:ind, that is, 0<;Arland. 

Adieu.* An elliptical expression, equiva- 
lent to " I commend you (a) to ( Dieu\ God." 
Compare the phrase " Good-bye," a con- 
traction of God be with you. 

After, a comparative from aft,\ behind. 

Agast, aghast. These words airier in 
their etymology and meaning. Agast is 
from agazed, and means to gaze on with 
amazement ; aghast is to look pale and 
frightened as if one had seen a. ghost. 

Ail, seems to be another form of the word 
ILL, which is contracted from EVIL, as the 
Scotch term deil from devil. Compare our 
phrase, " What ails you?" with the French, 
" Oil arez-vou3 malt" 

Ai.deuman, another form of eldermzn. 
Compare Senator. 

Almost, that is, most all} nearly. 

Aloft. On loft, that is, lifted up, on high. 

Alone. All one, that is, entirely by 
one's self. We sometimes hear ''all" re- 
doubled ; as " all alone." Hence, also, lone, 
lonely, &c. 

" He made his mone 

Within a gardeine all him one."— Gowbr. 

Aloof, from all off, that is, entirely off, or 
away from ; remote ; apart. 

Also, that is, so all; in like manner, 
likewise. 

Amass, to bring to the mass or heap ; to 
accumulate. 

Amount, to mount or ascend. " The 
amount" is what the entire sum ascends or 
rises to. 

Ant, an abbreviation of emmet. 

Appal, to make pale with fear ; to terrify. 

A ppbasb, to bring to peace; to pacify. 

Appraise, to set a price or value on. 

Arrears, that portion which remains (in 
the rear) behind or unpaid. 

* Some of the ettmoi-ootes given in this list are, 
aki'.s, not English : but they are such as 
can be understood by an English scholar, 
t AJt and auafl are still used at sea. 



Ash-Wednesday, tho first day of Lent ; 
so called from the ancient custom of sprink- 
ling ashes on the head on that day. 

Atone, to make to be at one ; to recon- 
cile ; to expiate. 

" If they were wroth she woMe bringen them at one, 
So wise and ripe wordes hadde she." — C'jiaucer. 

Bacon, swine's flesh baked [Oaken) or 
dried by heat. 

Bairn, another form of boren or born ; 
from the verb to bear. Bairn is a Scotch 
term for a child. 
" They say bairns are blessings." — Shakspearr. 

Baft, a bit or bite of food put upon a hook 
to allure fish ; and hence, a temptation. 
Hence, bait, to stop at an inn for the pur- 
pose of taking (a bit or bite) a hasty refresh- 
ment. 

" The sun that measures heaven all day long, 
At night doch bait his steeds the ocean waves among " 
Spenser. 
" Aa one who in his journey baits at noon." 

AllLTOH. 

Bandy, to beat to and fro ; to give word 
for word. From bandy, an instrument bent 
at tho bottom, for striking balls at play. 
Bandy-legs, uneven, bending, or crooked 
legs. 
" Do you bandy looks with me, you rascal ?" 
" To bandy hasty words, to scant my sizes." 

SllAKS 



Barricade, barrier, are so called be- 
cause maue or fortified with bars. See Em- 
bargo. 

Base, the lowest part, or foundation ; a 
low, deep sound in music ; low, mean, 
worthless. 

Baste, to beat with a baton* or cudgel ; 
to give the bastinado. To baste meat is to 
beat or rub it with a stick covered with fat, 
as was formerly the custom. 

Batch, the number of loaves baked at the 
same time. Compare the words similarly 
formed, page li. 

Batter, a frequentative of beat. Hence, 
battery, battle, battle-door, bat, combat, 
debate. 

Bauble, a baby or child's plaything; a 
gewgaw. 

Bay, a palm or date tree branch ; the 
color of the fruit of that tree, and hence a 

* Baton was formerly written basioiu 



ENGLISH ETYMOLOGIES. 



liii 



biy color. Hence, bayard, properly a bay 
horse ; and bay salt (so called from its 
brown color). 

Bay, a bending or curving of the shore ; 
a portion of the sea encompassed or surround- 
ed by the land, except at 'the entrance. Bay 
window (usually and properly written 
Bow), a window curving outward, and 
thereby forming a kind of bay or hollow in 
the apartment. Hence, bight,* an old word 
for bay ; as the Bight of Benin, the Bight of 
Biafra. Bay is another form of BOW. 

Bayonet, so called from having been first 
made in Bayonne, in France. 

Beam. A sxvn-beam, the beam of a ba- 
lance, and a beam of timber, are evidently 
different applications of the same word. 
Compare Ray and Radius. 

Beaver, a hat made of the fur of the 
beaver or castor. 

Bkdla-m, originally the hospital of St. 
Mary Bethlehem, which was opened in Lon- 
don in 1545, for the reception of lunatics ; 
but the term is now generally extended to all 
mad-houses or lunatic asylums. 

Beef-eater, said to be a corruption of 
buff-tier, a term applied to yeomen of the 
guard, because their duty originally was. to 
stand at the buffet ', and attend upon the 
king while at dinner. 

Beetle, from the verb to beat, because 
used for beating or pounding. A beetle is a 
heavy-looking! and clumsy instrument, and 
hence the terms "beetle-headed," that is, 
with ahead as thick as a beetle; "beetle- 
browed," having a brow heavy and over- 
hanging like a beetle. This common house- 
hold word has been also beautifully extended 
to poetry ; as, 

" The cliff 

That beetles o'er his base into the sea." 

Shakspkask. 



Where the hawk 



High in the beetling cliff his aery builds." 

Thomson. 

Behalf, seems to be a corruption of be- 
toof, which means to a person's profit or 
advantage. 

Behold, to hold or keep the eyes fixed 
upon ; and hence, to look steadfastly on. 

Beholden, the old form of the past par- 
ticiple of the verb to hold. Compare bound, 
obliged, and obligated. 

Belong, from be and long, to lengthen ; 
to stretch out ; to reach ; to attain to ; to 
get possession of; and hence, to belong to. 

Bereave, from be and reave or rive, to 
take away from ; to plunder or rob. 

Between, between twain or two. See 
Twin. 

Bewilder. To be bewildered is to he 
puzzled and perplexed, like a person in a 
wilderness, who does not know which way to 
turn. See Wild. 

Bib, Bumjer, from the same root as im- 



* Right la formed from bayed, as fright from 
frayed, mioht from rruiyed, and tight from tied. 
Biaht, with sailors, means a turn or coil of a rope. 

\ Some beetles wire so beav) that It required three 
men to manage them, as appears by the term 
" three-riui/n. beetle," in rihukspeire. 



bibe, to drink in. Bib is properly a cloth 
tucked under the chin of a child when it 
drinks or feeds. 

Bill, the beak of a bird ; a kind of battle- 
axe with a hooked point ; a kind of cleaver. 
Bill, a written paper of any kind, as an 
account of money ; a law submitted in writ- 
ing to Parliament, which, when passed, is 
called an Act. Hence, billet, a small note 
or paper in writing. To billet soldiers is, f 
note their names, &c, in a bill, or piece of 
writing ; and hence, to send them to their 
quarters or lodgings. 

Blade, the. sharp or cutting part of a knife 
or weapon ; the fiat bone of the shoulder- 
Hence, a leaf of grass or corn, from its re- 
semblance to the cutting part of an instru- 
ment, has been called a blade. A sharp, 
koen, knowing person, is also called a blade; 
but this application of the term is vulgar. 

Bloat, from blowed (blow' d, blowt, bloat), 
as float from flowed. Bloated, blown 
out ; swollen or puffed out. 

Blow, a stroke ; a sudden event ; an un- 
foreseen calamity ; to puff like the wind ; tc 
swell or put forth blossoms. 

Board,* a broad piece of timber ; a table ; 
the deck or floor of a ship ; a council or 
commission sitting at the same board or table. 
To board a person is to entertain him at our 
board or table. 

Boggle, to stick as if in a bog ; to hesi- 
tate ; to be in doubt. 

Bond, that by which a person is bound. 
Booth, from boweth ; as broth from 
breweth ; truth from troweth, &o. A 
booth properly means a house made of 
boughs ; and hence a temporary house. 

"And Jacobe toke his journey towarde Siieoth, 
and bylt him an house, and made boothes for hij 
cattle." — Genesti xxxiii. Old Translation. 

Bough, from bow, to bend, because it bows 
or bends from the stem or trunk. 

Bout, from bow (bow'd, bout). Another 
bout means another turn. 
" In notes with many a winding bout 
Of linked sweetness long drawn out." — Miltos. 
Bow, to bend the body as a mark of re- 
spect, is a different pronunciation and appli- 
cation of the word bow, an instrument for 
discharging arrows. 

Box, a kind of tree ; a case made of wood 
(properly boxwood) ; an enclosed or circular 
seat, as a box in a theatre, the box of a coach. 
Brace (to embrace, to hold tightly), to 
hind. Two or a pair ; as a brace of par- 
tridges. Like the word couple, brace seema 
to have acquired this signification from the 
custom of bracing or coupling two dogs, or 
pieces of game, together. 

Bread, from brayed, past participle of 
bray, to pound or break. Bread properly 
means brayed corn. 

Brinded, brindled, other forms ef the 
word branded. The skin or hide of a 
brinded cat, or brindled cow, is marked with 
brown streaks, as if branded, or burned in. 



* Board is derived from broad, by the metathesis 
of r ; as in the following corruptions: crub for curb, 
cruds for cards, party tor pretty, Ace. 



liv 



DERIVATION. 



Broach, from troche, a spit ; and hence, 
any sharp-pointed instrument, as a punch or 
borer ; a bodkin or needle. To broach a 
vessel is to pierce it with a broach or sharp- 
pointed instrument, for the purpose of draw- 
ing or letting out the liquor ; and hence the 
phrase, to broach a doctrine or opinion, 
which means to utter or publish it for the 
Irst time ; just as the term, when applied 
to the cellar, means to draw or produce 
liquor new, or untasted before. Broach, or 
hs it is usually written, brooch, is the same 
word. From the broche or pin (the most 
important part) the term was naturally 
transferred to the whole ornament. In fact, 
the broach, like most other ornaments, 
had its origin in utility. The savages, who 
were accustomed to tag their garments with 
thorns,* and our more refined ancestors, 
who used wooden pins or skewers for the 
same purpose, may be said to have worn 
broaches. For a description of the ancient 
broach, see the song called "The broach 
of Lorn" (in the " Lord of the Isles," canto 
iL), and the interesting notes which accom- 
pany it. 

" A brooche she bare upon her colere 

4.s broad as is the bosse of a bocklere."— Chaucer. 

Hence, brocade (brocata), from the broche 
or needle used in the embroidery ; and 
brochure, a stitched book (broche) or 
pamphlet. 

Brood, the number bred at one time. 
" To brood over," is a beautiful metaphor 
from a bird sitting constantly and anxiously 
over its eggs, till they are brought to ma- 
turity. 

Burly, for boorly, that is, like a boor. 
Compare surly (for sourly) from sour. 

Bex is derived from be out, and usually 
means except, that is, take or leave out. 
In Scotland this word is still used in its 
primary meaning. The but of a house, for 
example, means the be-out or outer apart- 
ment, as the ben means the be-in or inner 
one. " Boots but spurs," means boots with- 
out spurs ; and " Touch not the cat but a 
glove" (the motto of the ancient clan Chat- 
tan,] whose crest was a wild cat), means 
without the gauntlet, or armed glove. 

Butt, the point or mark to be aimed at ; a 
person at whom jests are aimed or directed. 

Cambric, from Cambray, because noted 
for its manufacture. Compare calico, from 
Calicut ; damask, from Damascus ; dia- 
per, from d' Ypres ; dimity, from Dami- 
etta, &c. 

Canvas, cloth made of hemp,% which, 
from the coarseness of its texture, is often 
used for the purposes of straining and sift- 
ing; and hence, the act of sifting, searching 
after, and soliciting votes before an election, 
has been called canvassing. This word is 
no w written canvass. 



* Omuibus sagum fibula nut si desit, spina con- 
eornim.— Tac. Genn. 1 7. Consertum tegmen spinis. 
— Virrj. 

f See Scott's "Fair Maid of Perth," chap, x., 
«ol. 2. 

t Canabis, Latin. 



Casement, a window opening in a case at 
frame. 

Cashier, the person in a mercantile esta- 
blishment who has charge of the cash. 

Cast, to throw i to throw or pour into a 
mould or form ; and hence, cast (the thing 
moulded or formed), a model, shape, or 
form. 

Cavalierly, haughtily ; like a cavalier, 
I or trooper. Cavalier, cavalry, and chiv- 
alry, are different forms and applications of 
the same word. 

Cess, abbreviated from assess. Cess is 
the amount of taxes assessed or rated. 

Chandler, a maker and seller of candles. 
Hence also chandelier, a branch for candles. 

Charge, a load, properly of a car; a bur- 
den ; and hence, something given in charge ; 
a trust. Hence, charger, a large dish 
which holds, as it were, a load of meat ; and 
charger,* a large, strong horse, and there- 
fore able to carry a more than ordinary 
weight. To charge a jury is, to lay before 
them the whole weight of the evidence ; to 
charge the enemy is, to attack them with all 
our weight or force ; and to charge and dis- 
charge a gun, are evidently to load and un- 
load it. Cargo is another form of the same 
word. 

"A fault in the ordinary method of education, is 
the charging of children's memories with rules and 
precepts." — Locke. 

" What a sigh Is there !— That heart is sorely 
Shakspeabe. 



Chase (put for enchase), to set in a case 
or frame ; as a precious stone in gold. To 
adorn by embossed or raised work. 

Check, from echecs, the French for a chess- 
board. Hence also the terms exchequer , 
chequer, and cheque. The Exchequer 
was so called from the chequed cloth re- 
sembling a chess-board, which covers the 
table there ; and because this oourt was 
originally established to call the king's debt- 
ors to account, the term check came to sig- 
nify to examine into accounts ; and hence, to 
control or repress. Chequed cloth, or check, 
is crossed and variegated, something like a 
chess-board (echecs), and a chequered life is 
a varied and diversified one. 

Chilblain, from chill and blain. A chil- 
blain is a blain or blister produced by cold. 

" Botches and blaint shall his flesh emboss." 
Milton. 

Clamber, a frequentative from climb. 
See page li. 

Closet, a small or close apartment ; a pri- 
vate room. 

Clumsy, from clump (clumpsy), and hence 
heavy, shapeless, awkward. 



* Charger. Gibbon, in his description of the 
knight of the Crusades, says : " The lance was the 
proper and peculiar weapon of the knight ; his horse 
was of a large and heavy breed; but this chargzh, 
till he was roused by the approaching danger, was 
usually led by an attendant, ami he quietly rode a 
pad or palfrey of a more eas) [.ace. The light cavalry 
of the Turks and Arabs could seldom stand against 
the direct and impetuous weight of their cuAnaE."-- 
Chapter lviii. 



ENGLISH ETYMOLOGIES. 



IV 



CoMB, an instrument for dressing or orna- 
menting the hair ; also, the crest of a cock ; 
so called from its fancied resemhlance to a 
comb.* 

Comely, coming together ; and hence, 
fitting, suitable, decent, graceful. Compare 

BECOMING. 

Confine. See under Fine, page M. 

Consistency, uniformity or agreement 
with self. Degree of denseness or rarity ; as, 
hoiled into the consistency of sirup. 

Coop, originally a cask or barrel ; and 
hence, the term cooper, a maker of coops. 
The name was also given to cages or enclo- 
sures for poultry, &c. ; and hence, to coop 
up, came to signify to shut up, or confine 
within narrow limits. 

Corn, seeds or grains which grow in ears, 
not in pods ; grain unreaped ; hence, corn, 
to sprinkle or throw grains of salt on meat ; 
and hence, to salt slightly. An excrescence 
on the foot of a corneous or horny substance. 

Count, to reckon or compute ; any thing 
summed up or reckoned ; as, a count in an 
indictment. 

Count, a foreign title ; an earl ; originally 
the governor or lieutenant of a county. 

Countenance, the contents of the face ; 
the whole features taken together. 

Counter, a bench on which money is 
counted or received ; a piece of fictitious 
money used for keeping count or reckoning. 
Contrary to ; as, to counter&ct. 

Court, the residence of a king, or of his 
representative ; the hall or chamber where 
justice is administered. Hence court, to 
solicit with courtly attention ; to woo. 

Craft, trade ; manual art or handicraft ,• 
and henoe, art, artifice, cunning. Hence, 
craft, a small 6hip (engaged in craft or 
trade). 

" And because he was of the same craft, he abode 
with them, and wrought." — Acts xviii. 3. 

" If I forget thee, O Jerusalem, let my right hand 
forget her cunning." — Psalm cxxxvii. 

Crane, a bird with a long beak ; also, a 
long bent tube for drawing liquor out of 
casks. Hence, crane, an engine for raising 
weights ; so called from its overhanging 
shape and capacity to pick up objects. 

Craven, one that has craven or craved 
his life from his antagonist. 

Crimple, crumple, frequentatives from 
cramp, a eontraction or drawing together. 
See page li. 

Cripple, from creep. A cripple is some- 
times obliged, as it were, to creep along. 

Crop, to cut short or close. Hence, crop, 
that which has been cropped or cut off; the 
harvest cut down ; and bence, the produce of 
the field. 

Cross, to lay one body, or draw one line 
across or athwart another. To cross the 
channel is to go across in a straight line. 
To cross a person is to thwart or cross him 
in his purpose ; and a person disposed to act 
so is called cross or perverse. 



* Comb. '* Iteoause it standeth lagged like the 
teeth ot a combe," says Muvsuew. "Erom its pec- 
tinated indentures."— Johnso*. 



Crouch, to crook or bow down. Crutch 
is another form of crook, and means a staff fol 
crouching or stooping old men. Crotchet 
is from the same root. 

Crow, a well-known bird. " To pluck a 
crow," would be to lose our labour for no- 
thing, for crows are not eaten ; and hence 
the phrase (which is now vulgar) came to 
signify to lose our time in disputing about a 
matter of no consequence, even if decided. 
This kind of disputation was called by the 
Romans de lana caprina, that is, a contro- 
versy about goafs wool, or nothing. Hence, 
crow, an iron bar (with a beak like a crow) 
used as a lever. Compare crane, a siphon. 

Cud, that is, what has been already cheived 
(chew'd). Quid is another form of the same 
word. 

Curd, curdle, from crude, by meta- 
thesis of the letter r. See note on Board, 
page liii. 

Dam, the mother of an animal. Dame is 
another form of the same word, and was 
formerly used in the same sense.* 

Damson, for Damascene, from Damascus. 

Dappled, marked with round spots, like 
apples ,* spotted. 

Date, of a letter, that is, the time when 
it was given from under our hands ; the 
time of any event. 

Dawn, for dayen; the beginning or break 
of day. 

Deal, to divide, share, or parcel out ; as, 
to deal cards ; to retail or sell in small por- 
tions or quantities ; to trade or traffic. A 
division, share, or quantity ; as, a great deal, 
that is, a great share or portion. Fir planks 
are called deals, perhaps from being dealed 
or divided, equally from the trunk, as cards 
from the pack. 

Dear, esteemed or beloved ; much prized 
or valued ; and hence, expensive or costly ; 
for things which are highly prized, or much 
valued, are always dear. Darling, for- 
merly dearling, means little dear ; as gos- 
ling means little goose. 

Deck, to cover; to clothe; to adorn ; in 
the last sense, perhaps, put for decorate, as 
phiz is vulgarly used for physiognomy. 
Hence, deck, the floor of a ship (that which 
covers the hull). 

Deed, any thing that is do-ed or done. 
See page li. 

Desert, that which one has deserved or 
merited. (Deserved, deserv'd, desert.) 
" Not my deserts, but what I shall deserve." 

Desert, to forsake or leave deserted. 

Diet, an assembly ; as the German Diet, 
held for enacting laws, and regulating the 
mode of government. Food or regimen 
regulated by the rules of medicine; and 
hence, food generally. 

" To fast like one that takes diet" (that Is, to ab- 
stain like one confined to a prescribed regimen).— 
Shakspeark. 

Dismay, from dis, as in disarm, and may, 
to bo able. To be deprived of might ; and 
hence, to be discouraged and terrified. 



* In Paradise Lost Eve is called " UuiversalsAMS 



Ivi 



DERIVATION. 



Doff, to do or put off; to lay aside. 
Compare don (to do on). 

Doom, that which is deemed or adjudged. 
Doomsday, the day of judgment. 

Draughts, a game in which the men are 
played by being draughted or drawn along 
the' hoard'. 

Draw, to drag or draw along, as a horse 
does a car. Draw (that is, the brush or 
pencil along the paper), to delineate or 
portray. 

Drawingroom, an apartment for with- 
drawing or retiring to. 

Drawl, to draw out one's words slowly 
and affectedly. 

Dray, a heavy cart, originally without 
•wheels ; so called from being drawn or 
dragged along. 

Droop, to drop or hang down the head ; 
to languish. 

Elder, the comparative of the obsolete 
word eld, old. Older and Alder (man) are 
the same words differently spelled. 

Ell, properly means an arm ; whence 
elbow, the bow or bend of the arm. The 
Ell English was fixed by the length of the 
king's arm in. 1101, (Henry I.) See Nall, 
page lx. 

Embargo, a prohibition of trade or com- 
merce ; to detain vessels in a harbour, by 
laying a bar or boom across its mouth ; to 
prevent or prohibit vessels from leaving or 
entering a port. 

Em hark, to go into a bark or ship; to 
put to sea ; and hence, to engage in a hazard- 
ous undertaking or enterprise ; to engage in 
any affair. 

Embarrass vto oppose a bar or obstacle), 
to obstruct ; to perplex or confuse. 

Embroider, to border or ornament with 
raised figures of needle-work. For the me- 
tathesis of the letter r, see note on Board, 
page liii. 

" Among the thick-woven arboreta anrl flowers, 
EmOurdcred on each bank — the work of Eve." 
Milton. 

Endeavour, to do one's devoir or duty ; 
to exert one's self. 

Engross, to take the gross or whole ; to 
monopolize ; to copy in gross or large 
characters ; as in records or law writings. 

" All our praises why should lGrds engross? 

Rise, honrst Muse, and sing the man of Ross." 
" A clerk, foredoom d his father's soul to cross, 
Who pens a stanza when he should engross." — Popb. 

Enlist, to enter on a list or roll the 
names of persons who engage themselves for 
military service. 

Etiquette, a ticket, or small card, on 
which the forms and ceremonies necessary to 
be observed at court, &c, on particular oc- 
casions, were inscribed. Hence, "accord- 
ing to etiquette," means according to the 
ticket (that is, " according to the card"), or 
prescribed form. 

Express, to press out; to utter or send 
out words ; to pronounce or declare. To 
send out or off speedily ; a message so sent. 

Facade, the face or front of a building. 
It is pronounced J'aA-sad'. 



Fag, one that does the coarse or hcary 
work ; a drudge. To be fagged is, to bo 
weary from over-work ; and the fug-end is 
the coarse or inferior end. 

Fair, pleasing to the eye or mind ; as a 
fair lady, a fair day, fair conduct ; also, 
favorable; as a. fair wind. 

Fallow, a yellowish-red ; and hence, the 
term has been applied to fallow-deer, and 
fallow-ground, that is, ground turned up by 
the plough and left unsown. Hence, to lie 
fallow is to be unoccupied. 

Fancy, from phantasy ; as frenzy, from 
phrensy ; palsy, from paralysis ; and 
proxy, from procuracy. 

Farthing, from four thing, a division into 
four parts. 

Fellow, one of the same society; as a 
fellow of college ; and hence, an equal, a 
match ; as one glove is said to be the fellow 
of the other. This word is also used in con- 
tempt ; as companion formerly was. 

" Away ! scurvy companion." — Shakspeare. 

Festoon, originally a garland worn at a 
feast ; but now an ornament in architecture, 
in the form of a wreath or garland of flowers. 

Fetlock, from foot and lock; which 
means either the joint that locks or fastens 
the foot to the leg, or the lock of hair that 
grows behind the pastern of a horse. 

Fkttkr, properly chains or shackles for 
the feet ; as manacles for the hands. 

Fifteen, from five and ten. Compare 
twe7ity (twain ten), thirty (three ten), &c. 

File, a thread of wire on which papers 
are strung to keep them in order. A cata- 
logue or roll. A line or rank of soldiers. 
To file a bill is to put it on the file of the 
court for trial in due order. 

File, to defile ; but now obsolete. 

" For TJanquo's issue have I filed my mind ; 
For them the gracious Duncan have I murdered." 

Fillet la little thread), a slight bandage ; 
a chaplet or band round the head. Hence, 
fillet, the thick part of a leg of veal ; so 
called from being usually trussed with a 
fillet, or slight bandage. 

" What with fillet* of roses, and fillets of veal, 
Things garni with lace, and things garni with eel." 
Fvdgv Family. 

Five, an end. Finish, to bring to an end, 
and hence, to perfect or complete. A finish- 
ed scholar, is a perfect, complete, or ac- 
complished scholar. A fine day, a fine lady, 
andfine cloth, are evidently different appli- 
cations of the same word. A fine in law is 
a sum of money paid for the purpose of put- 
ting an end to further proceedings. A con'- 
fine is an end or boundary ; and to confi'ne 
is to restrain within certain bouudsor limits ; 
to imprison. From the same root romes 
fines'se, which means too much fineness; 
and heme, suhtilty and artifice. Hence, also, 
finical, that is, too refined or nice; and 
hence, effeminate, foppish. 

First, the superlative of fore (as in be- 
fore, and forehead). Fore, forer, forest, 
for'st, first. Compare wore, worer, wor- 
est, worst. 



ENGLISH ETYMOLOGIES. 



lvii 



Flag, a -water plant -with a broad droop- 
ing leaf; to hang loose ; to droop ; to grow 
Spiritless. 

Flea, perhaps ivomfiee ; from its agility 
in escaping. 

Fodder, to gi vefood to ; from feed. 

Foible, a failing or weakness ; another 
form of FEEBLE. 

Fold, a double or plait. Twenty-/o/d 
means twent> doubled, or twice the number. 
Hence, man{/bZd, that is, many doubled, or 
very numerous. Hence, fold, a place in 
which sheep are (enfolded) enclosed. 

Foot, as the foot of a man ; the foot of a 
table; the fool (or lower part) of a moun- 
tain. A measure of twelve inches ; such be- 
ing the supposed length of the human foot. 
See Nail. 

Forkstal, to buy up provisions before 
they reach the stall or market ; and hence, 
to anticipate or hinder by preoccupation or 
prevention. 

Fohgk, to beat with the hammer into a 
particular shape or form ; to make or form. 
Hence, forge, to fabricate or counterfeit a 
writing in imitation of the original ; as, to 
forge a note ; to forge a signature. 

Forsake, not to seek ; and hence, to leave 
or desert. See page xlviii tor the prefix for. 

Fortnmght, from fourteen and night; as 
se'nnhjht is for se»e«night. 

Forward. See Ward, page 1. 

Found, to lay the ground- work 01 founda- 
tion ; to build or establish. 

Found, to form by melting into a mould ; 
as in a. foundry. 

Fret, to vex or agitate. To wear or eat 
away ; as "a moth fretteth a garment." 

Fribble, a frivolous or trifling peison; a 
fop. Compare DRIVEL from dribble. 

Froward, turned J torn, or perverse. Com- 
pare toward. 

Fulsome, from fouled some. See page li. 

Fume, to smoke ; to be hot with rage ; to 
vapour. 

Gad-fly, from goad and fly, as tad-pole 
is for toad-vole, that is, a young toad. Com- 
pare HORNET with gad-t\\. 

Game, sport or amusement of any Kind ; 
as a game or match at football ; to play (as 
a gamester or gambler! high. Animals, as 
partridges ami hares, which, by being shot 
or hunted, are said to afford game or sport 
to persons who are called J/wrtMiien. 

Ga.vg, a number of persons ganging or 
going together; as "the press -gang;" "a 
gang of robbers," &c. 

Gang-way, the way by which persons 
gang or go. 

Garner, from granary \>y metathesis of r. 
See note on Board, page liii ; also, Grain. 

Gin, an ;ibi reviation of Geneva. 

Gin, an ingenious contrivance ; a snare or 
trap. An abbreviation of engine. 
" Nor did he 'scape by all his engines." — Spenser. 

Gingerbread, so called from being spiced 
or flavoured with ginger. 

Goslinc, from goose and ling. Seo page 1. 

Grain, a single seed of corn ; and hence, 
any tbimr very minute or small ; as, a grain 



of salt. See Corn. Grain (like scruple, 
which originally meant a little stone!, a small 
weight. The grain of a body means the 
particles of which it is composed; and hence, 
the texture of cloth ; the temper or consti- 
tution of the mind. 

Grate, a range of bars ; as, a grate for 
fire, or the grating of a window. To rub 
against a rough uneven surlace ; as, to grate 
ginger. 

Grave, to engrave; to carve on a hard 
substance ; a hole graved or scooped out for 
the dead. 

" He died — and they unlocked his chain, 
And scooxjed lor bin. a hollow grave." 

The Pr'isone o/C/iillon. 

Graze, to crop or feed on grass. Hence, 
graze, to take the tops of the hair off in 
passing, as a bullet from a gun ; to touch the 
skin slightly in passing. 

Grenadk, primarily a rtome-granate , and 
from the similarity in shape, a small bomb 
or fire-ball. The tallest and strongest men 
in the regiment were formerly employed in 
throwing grenades, and hence, they were 
called grenadiers. 

Groat. This, now the smallest, was ori- 
ginally the largest of our silver coins, to 
which circumstance it owes its name groat, 
the old form of the word great. The groat 
was first coined in the reign of Edward III., 
and as it was four times the size of the silver 
penny, (till then the largest silver com.'l it 
was naturally called the groat piece, that is, 
the great piece or penny. Skinner,* while 
be derives its name from its great size, con- 
jectures that it was originally made of brass 
or iron ; but there is no necessity for this 
supposition, as it is only by comparison that 
things are great or small. When the groat 
made its appearance, it was four times as 
largef as the largest silver coin in use, - and 
this is sufficient to account for its name. It 
is worthy of remark that the French and 
Italians have denominated their groat grew,:!: 
grosso, that is, great. Compare groats 
for gruel ; large, coarsely-broken oats, not 
ground to meal. 

Grocer, from gross, a large quantity ; a 
grocer originally signifying a dealer that 
sells by the gross or wholesale. 

Grotesque. This term was originally ap- 
plied to figures found in the ancient grottos 
in Italy. 

Guinea, so called because first coined from 
the gold brought from Guinea, in Africa. 

* Skinner. Groat. Numisma qtioddam, a mag- 
nitinlhie sic dictum fortasse eniin ohm ex sere vel 
ferr.i cusum erac. 

t Twenty shillings originally weighed a pound, as 
the term denotes; but the same number of the pre- 
sent currency is only about one-third of that weight; 
and hence, we may infer that the groat originally 
was about three times its present weight, and from 
its thinness, between four and five times as large. 
" Our piece of fourpence, being formerly great (even 
as trreat as a shilling now is), was called a groat." — . 
Butler's English Grammar, lu"33, quoted by Todd, in 
his edition of Johnson. 

t Orns. Le nom de gros fut donne 1 a cette espece 
parceijue e'estoit la plus grossr rnoniioye d'argent 
(ju'il y east al rs en France. II pesoit ? deniers. sept 
| grains trebuchant. — Le Blanc, quoted by Menage. 



lriii 



DERIVATION. 



Gunnel, properly gunwale, from gun and 
wale, a ridge, a streak ; a rising or project- 
ing plank in the sides of a ship, through 
which the guns, when there are any, are 
pointed. 

Haft, is haved, hav'd, haft. The haft 
of a knife or poniard is the haved part ; the 
part by which it is held. Heft is another 
form of the same word ; and hllt, that is, 
held, is similarly derived. 

Hammercloth, from hamper and cloth ; 
the cloth that covers the coach-box. Under 
the seat of the coachman there was formerly 
a hamper, for market and other purposes, 
and the cloth that covered or concealed it 
was called the hamper cloth; whence ham- 
mercloth. 

Hamper, a large basket used for package. 
Hence, hamper, to put obstacles in one's 
■way ; to clog or embarrass. 

Hanger, a short sword ; so called because 
it hangs or is suspended from the side. 

Hare-brained, wild, unsettled. Com- 
pare the adage, " as mad as a March hare." 

Harier, now written harrier, a hound 
for hunting hares. 

Heed, to give one's head or mind to. 

Hermetical, hermetic. From Hermes 
Trismegistus, the imagined inventor of che- 
mistry. Hermetically sealed means che- 
mically sealed ; air-tight. 

Higgle, probably another frequentative 
from hack, and meaning to cut as with a 
blunt instrument, and therefore to be long 
about a thing. Compare the word decide, 
which means to cut off at once. See Hack, 
page li. 

Hind, as hind legs, "behind. Hence, 
hinder, to keep behind or back ; to ob- 
struct. Compare to forward.* 

Holster, another form of holder. Com- 
paro rhymer and rhymster ; spinner and 
spinster ; singer and songster, &o. See 

TJPHOLSTERER. 

Hood, a covering for the head. 

Hound, a dog tor hunting with. Com- 
pare mound and mount. 

Husband, probably from house and band; 
as being the stay or support of the family. 
Hence, husbandman, a farmer or tiller of 
the ground ; and husbandry, tillage or cul- 
tivation ; thrifty management or economy. 

" The name of a hwband, what is it to say ? 

Of wife and the household the band and the stay." 

Tl'sskb. 
" There's husbandry in heaven, their candles are all 
out." — Shakspkarb. 

Huswife, from house and wife. 

Ill, a contraction of evil. See Ail. 

Imagine, to form an image or likeness of 
any thing in the mind ; to fancy or conceive 
that a thing is so. 

Impertinent, not pertaining or relating 
to ; and hence unfit ; unbecoming ; intru- 
sive. 

Incense, -perfume drawn out by fire. 
Hence, incense, to inflame with anger. 

Indenture, a deed or covenant, so named, 



* Forward (for /oreward), to bring in front ; to 
advance or promote. 



because the counterparts are indented ot 

notched, so as to correspond. 

Inform, to represent to the mind or con- 
ception the form or idea of a thing ; and 
hence, to convey or impart ideas ; to instruct. 
See the following quotation from Chaucer, 
for a happy explanation of this word : — 

" Enformed when the king was by the knight, 
And hath conceived in his mind aright 
The manner and the form of all this thing." 

" There's no such thing; 

It is the bloody business which informs 
Thus [forms or presents itself thus] to mine eyes." 
Shakspeaeq. 

Jack, the diminutive of the proper name 
John ; and hence applied to any thing small. 
Jack was formerly a common name for little 
boys ; and hence, the terms bootjack and 
jackspit, which, from having been originally 
applied to the little boy whose business was 
to pull off the boots and turn the spit, were 
naturally given to the instruments substi- 
tuted for the purpose. A jack, or Jack- 
anapes, is a pert, conceited, little fellow ; a 
jack-snipe is a small snipe ; and s. jack-da,w 
is a small species of crow. To these may be 
added jack-piVe, jacket, jackaen. The two 
latter are double diminutives ; the one from 
the French (jaquette), the other from the 
Irish (jackeew). 

Jest, an abbreviation of gesture. A jest 
is properly a gesture or grimace to excite 
mirth. 

Jet, a beautiful black fossil. Hence, the 
expression, as black as jet. 

Jockey, the diminutive of the Scotch 
term Jock, or Jack, and hence, a little boy ; 
also a horse-rider ; because boys or small 
persons are usually employed for that pur- 
pose. Hence jockey, to trick, to cheat; 
because jockeys or horse-riders are noted for 
such propensities. See Jack. 

Jot or iota, the smallest letter in the 
Greek alphabet, and hence applied to the 
smallest quantity of any thing. 

Jovial, F. ; born under the influence of 

j the planet Jupiter [Jove] ; gay ; merry. 

Compare the derivations of saturnine and 

MERCURIAL. 

*' The jovial star reignedat his birth." — Shakspkarb. 
Kerchief. This was formerly written 
couvrechef which leads us to its etymology, 
Damely, the French couvrir, to cover, and 
chef, the head. A kerchief, therefore, is 
properly a covering, or dress for the head; 
a veil. Hence, handkerchief, a kerchiefs 
or loose cloth for the hand. 

" Hire litel child lay wepin? in her arrae, 

And kneling piteously to him she <ai.l, 

' Pees litel soue, I woll do thee no harm ; 

"With that her couverchief of hire hed she braid, 

And over his litel eyen she it laid, 

And in her arme she lulleth it full fast, 

And into heveu her eyen up «he cast.'' — Chauckr. 

Kidnap, to nab or steal children ; kid 
having formerly meant a child. By aspirat- 
ing the d in kid, as in p:ith from pad, bur- 
den from burden, and raurMer from murder, 
j we have kith ; whence the expression, "nei- 
ther kith nor kin." 



ENGLISH ETYMOLOGIES. 



lix 



Kind, species or sort ; as mankind ; man- 
ner or way. Hence, kind (fond of one's 
kind* or kin), congenial, benevolent. Com- 
pare humane, that is, becoming a human 
being. 

Kine, for cowen, the old plural of cows ; 
as swine for so wen. 

Kirk is the Scottish form of the word 

CHURCH. 

Laggard, one that lags or keeps behind. 
See page 1. 

Landscape, from land and shape. The 
shape and appearance of the land, &c, in a 
picture. 

Lass, a contraction of ladess, the femi- 
nine of lad. Compare ma'a?n for madam ; 
last for LATEST. 

Last, a contraction of latest ; and hence, 
to be the latest, or most enduring. Hence, 

LASTING, EVERLASTING, &C 

Launch or lanch, to hurl a lance; to 
dart from the hand ; and hence, to propel 
with velocity, as a ship into the sea. Hence, 
launch, a light boat, and therefore easily 
launched. 

Lazar is derived from Lazarus in the 
Gospel. 

" A lazar-honse it seemed, in which were laid 
Numbers of all diseased." — Milton. 

Left (that which is leaved, leav'd, left), 
not taken ; quitted ; abandoned ; the left 
hand, that is, the hand which is {leaved) 
left or not used. 

Letter, one of the characters of the 
alphabet. Hence, letter, an epistle (or 
message communicated by letters or written 
characters). 

Levant. Thisterm, like the Latin oriens, 
properly means rising ; and hence, like it, 
it ha3 been applied to the eastern (oriental) 
regions, because the sun seems to rise in 
that quarter of the heavens. The Levant, 
however, particularly means the eastern 
part of the Mediterranean.! Hence levee, 
the time oirising ; a morning visit ; lever, 
a mechanical power used in raising great 
weights; and levy, to raise — either men or 
money. Hence, also, leavened bread, that 
is, bread raised with barm ; and from the 
effect which the leaven has upon the mass 
with which it is mixed, the term has been 
applied to any thing which corrupts or 
changes. 

" Pride like leaven in a mass of flour. 
Tainted the laws, and made e'en virtue sour." 

Churchill. 

Light, luminous matter ; as the light of 
the sun ; the light of a candle. Hence, 
light, to kindle or produce light; as to 
light the fire. Hence, also, lighten, to en- 
lighten, and lightning. 



* Hence, kindles*, unnatural; as " Eindless vil- 
lain," applied by Hamlet to his uncle, the murderer 
of hia father. Hence, also, kindly, natural; as "the 
kindly fruits of the earth." 

t Because to the east of Italy. In the same way 
the Turks called Asia Minor (Anatolia) Natolia, 
because to the east of Constantinople. Anatolia is 
from two Greek words which signify the rising up, 
K. of the sun. 



Light, to come down or settle upon; as 
to light upon the ground ; to light from a 
carriage ; to light as birds ; to happen or 
light upon by chance.* 

Lime, viscous or sticky matter; as bird- 
lime ; mortar or cement used in building. 

Line, as a rod and line ; a line of poetry ; 
a line of soldiers ; a line of conduct. Hence, 
out^'we, Zmeament, delineate, lineal, line- 
ago, &c. 

Line, to put lining (properly linen) into 
clothes. 

Link, a single ring of a chain ; any thing 
connecting ; as a link in the evidence ; link' 
ing arm and arm. 

List, a narrow strip of paper on which 
names are enrolled ; a border on cloth ; the 
space enclosed for combatants. See Enlist. 



Litter, straw, because used for the bed- 
ding of horses, &c. Hence, litter, to 
throw or scatter things carelessly about like 
litter ; and litter, a brood of young ; as 
the litter of a pig, that is, the number far- 
rowed in the litter. 

Lock, as a lock of wool ; a lock of hair ; 
a lock of hay. Lock, an instrument com- 
posed of springs and bolts used to fasten, 
shut up, or confine ; as the lock of a door ; 
the lock of a canal ; the lock of a gun. 

Locket, the diminutiveof lock. Asmall 
lock or catch used for fastening a necklace 
or other ornament. Compare pocket from 
poke. 

Loiter, to be later ; to be slow or dilatory. 

Long, as a long journey ; a long time. 
Hence, long, to desire earnestly (to think 
the time long till we possess the object). 

Lot, a die or any thing used in deciding 
chances, as to cast lots ; fortune or state 
assigned, as a happy lot, a hard lot; a par- 
cel of goods, as if drawn by lot ; a proportion 
of taxes, as to pay scot and lot. 

Luggagk, properly, baggage, so heavy 
that it requires to be lugged or pulled along. 
Hence, also, Lugger, a vessel which sails 
heavily, and as if draggingly along. 

Lumber, probably from lump; things 
lying in confused lumps or heaps. 

Mail, a coat of steel net-work ; a bag 
(properly one made of meshes, like an 
angler's casting net, or reticule). 

Mail-coach, the coach which carries or 
conveys the mail or yostbag. 

Mall, a hammer or beater. Maul is 
another form of the same word, and properly 
means to beat with a mall. Trounce (to 
beat with a truncheon), cudgel, and cane 
are analogous. Hence, also, mall, originally 
a place appropriated for playing mall, once 
a favourite game, but now a public prome- 
nade. See Pell-mell. 

Manacles, chains for the hands. Com- 
pare fetters. 

Manual, a book that may be carried in 
the hand ; and hence, a small book. 



* IArjht in this sense seems formed from the past 
participle of lay. Compare the formation of bight && 



DERIVATION. 



Match, a contest ; a game: also (because 
the contending parties are supposed to be 
equal) one that is equal or suitable to ano- 
ther ; as, John and his wife are well match- 
ed ; these gloves do not match. Hence, 
matchless, without an equal or match. 

Maudlin. Johnson says, "the corrupt ap- 
pellation of Magdiden, who is drawn by poin- 
ters with swollen eyes and a disordered look. 
A drunken countenance, seems to have been 
so named from a ludicrous resemblance to 
the picture of Magdalen. Drunk; fuddled; 
approaching to ebriety." It may be added 
that " Magdalen College," at Oxford, is 
usually pronounced " Maudlin" which 
makes this etymology the more probable. 

"Let then the fair one beautifully cry, 
In Magdalen's loose hair and lifted eye." — Popb. 
" Is there a parson much be-mused in beer, 
A maudlin poetess, a rhyming peer." — Pope. 

Mayor, the chief magistrate in a city. 
Another form and application of .major; the 
proper meaning of which is greater. 

Mean, the middle or medium ; as, "the 
golden mean." Mean, middling (and 
hence, not high); low; base. In the mean- 
time means in the imcT?nediate time. 

"And the mean- mau shall be brought down, and 
the mighty man shall be humbled."— Isaiah v. 15. 

Meander, from the Meander, a river in 
Phrygia, remarkable for its winding and 
serpentine course. 

Meet, adj. Johnson says, "of obscure 
etymology," but it isevidently from the verb, 
to -meet; and hence, meeting, concurring, 
suitable, fitting, proper. Compare conveni- 
ent (i. e., coming togel her i and competent. 

" It is not meet to despise the poor man that hath 
understanding, neither is it convenient to magnify a 
sinful man." — Jiccles x. 3. 

Mettle. The word metal corrupted, 
and used in a metaphorical sense ; as, a man 
of mettle. The word sterling is similarly 
applied ; as, a sterling friend. 

Mob. Abbreviated from, and now used 
instead of mobile, the populace, the rabble. 
Chaucer has the " mobile people" (in allu- 
sion to the " mobile vulgus" of Virgil) ; and 
it is only since the time of Addison that mob 
Las been recognised as an English word. In 
" Spectator," No. 135, he says — " I dare not 
answer that mob., rap., pos., incog., and the 
like, will not in time be looked upon as part 
of our tongue." 

"By the senseless clink of misapplied words, the 
restless demagogues inflamed the minds of the mobile 
to a stran_ce and unaccountable abhorrence of the 
best of men." — South. 

Monkey is a corruption of the German 
mannchen, a manikin, or little yuan. 

Moor, an African, properly a native of 
.Morocco. 

Mortar, a vessel in which things are 
pounded or brayed together ; and hence, 
MORTiR, cement used in building, because 
the sand, lime, &c, are mixed and blended 
together as if in a mortar. Mortar, a 
short, wide cannon for throwing bombs (so 
called from having some resemblance in 
shape to an apothecary's mortar). 



Mote, a very small particle, seems to be 
another form of mite, a small insect ; a small 
coin. 

Moth. " The name of an insect that 
eateth or freiteth a garment. It is the same 
word as mouth, differently written, spelled, 
and applied." — Tooke. 

Mould, earth : to grow mouldy or rusty. 
Hence, moulder, to turn to mould or dust ; 
to crumble. Mould, a form or shape 
(usually made of mould or clay) in which 
things are cast or modelled. Mould is per- 
haps from meal* [mealed, meal'd, mould, 
like the words in page li). 

Mound, another form of mount. Compare 
hound from hunt. 

Nail, a sharp spike of metal ; the horny 
substance which protects the human fingers 
and toes. Hence, nail, a measure ifrom the 
second joint of the finger to the end of the 
nail of two inches and a quarter. Hand 
and foot are also used to denote measure.— 
See Foot and Ell. 

Naught, a compound of ne aught, that is, 
not any thing ; and hence, worthless, bad, 
wicked. 

" Thy sister's naught : Regan ! she hath tied 
Sharp-toothed unkindness like a vulture here." 

■3HAKSPEARB. 

Neighbour, from nigh, and perhaps boor. 

Neither, from ne or not, and either, one 
of the two. 

Ness, a nose or point of land running into 
the sea; as, the Saxein Norway ; La?igness 
in the Isle of Man <i. e., longness or nusei. 

Net, so called because knitted. 

Niggard, from nigh, near, and ard. For 
ard, see page 1. A niggard is a near, close, 
or stingy person. 

Nimble, quick, agile ; properly light- 
fingered ; from the old verb nim, to filch 
or steal. f (Hence, the appropriate name of 
Corporal Kym in Shakspeare.) 

None, a contraction of no one. Compare 
neither. 

Noose is obviously derived from nose. 

Nosegay, a buuch of flowers for s?nell and 
gay appearance. 

Nostril, from nose and thrill; to drill ox 
pierce. Nostrils, therefore, mean the holes 
or passage through the nose. 

Nought, a corruption of naught, but the 
meaning is now different ; nought meaning 
not any thing ; and naught, bad or wicked. 

Nozzle, a frequentative from nose. See 
psge li. 

Offal, that which (fills off\ is cast away 
as unfit for food ; and hence, any thing worth- 
less. Compare refuse and rubbish. 

Offspring, that which springs off, or 
arises from ; children. 

Only, from one and ly or like. 

Onset, from on and set, that is, a set on, 
an assault or attack. 

Orrery, an astronomical instrument 
which the inventor (Rowley) so named, in 
honor of his patron, the EarJ of Orrery. 



Meal is from the Latin m-nla. a mill. 
double. Refer to the class of words, page li. 



ENGLISH ETYMOLOGIES. 



lxi 



Ostler, hostler, the man who takes care 
of horses at a {hosteb hotel or inn. 

Ought, a contraction of owed, ow'd, 
ought. Ought means to owe it as a diriy 
to act so and so. Compare the formation of 
bought from bayed. 



Padlock (a loch for a ;?atf gate); a lock 
with a staple and hasp. 

Padimsoy, a kind of silk from Padua. 

Pale, a .stake; an enclosure formed by 
stakes ; any enclosure ; a district, jurisdic- 
tion, or boundary; as, " beyond the pale." 

Pall. " Of this word the etymologists 
give no reasonable account ; perhaps it is 
only a corruption of pale, and was originally 
applied to colours." — Johnson. 

" Beauty soon prows familiar to the lover, 
Fades iii tne eye, a.nd palU upon the sense." 

Addison. 

Palm, the inner part or palm of the hand ; 
a hand or measure of four inches. — Compare 
foot and nail. Palm, a tree; so called 
because its leaves, when expanded, have 
some resemblance to the palm or open hand : 
and because the branches of this tree were 
worn by conquerors, palm came to signify 
victory, "triumph. Palw, to conceal in the 
palm of the hand, as jugglers ; and hence, to 
impose upon by fraud. 

Palmer. Pilgrims who had visited the 
Holy Land carried branches of pal/// in their 
hands; and hence, they were denominated 
palmers. Paijukimvorm. "A worm covered 
with hair; supposed to be so called because 
he wanders over all plants." — Johnson. 

"The failed palm-branch in his hand. 

Showed pilgrim from the Holy Land.'" — Scott. 

Palsy. A contraction of paralysy ; as 
proxy, of procurac:;; and fancy, of phan- 
tasy. From paralysis, a relaxation or loosen- 
ing, SC. of the nerves and muscles. 

Parboil, to {part buil) half boil. 

Parcel, a small part or portion ; a small 
package. 



Parse, to resolve a sentence into its ele- 
ments or parts of speech. 

Parti at., pen ainingqnly to a part; inclined 
to a particular part ; as John is too partial 
to Janus, that is, too much disposed to take 
his part, whether right or wrong. 

Passing-bell. In former times it was 
customary to toll a bell for the purpose of 
soliciting the prayers of the pious for the 
soul about to pass into eternity. Hence, the 
term passi?ig-bell. 

"Anil lade the passing knell to toll 

lor wel.are ol the parting souL" — Scott. 

Passport, leave or permission to pass out 
Qf port, or through the gates. 

Pattern, a corruption of patron, and 
hence a model, because dependents follow 
and try to imitate their patrons. 

Telt, contracted from pellet, a small 
ball. To pelt, properly means to hit with 
pellets. 



Perch, a long pele; a measuring rod; 
a measure of five yards and a half ; to sit 
upon a perch or bough. 

Perform, to bring to a, form or shape; to 
perfect ; to achieve or accomplish. 

Perry, a drink made from pears. 

Peruse, to use [per) throughly or tho- 
roT'ghly ; and hence, to read through and 
through, or carefully. 

Philippic, properly the speeches of De- 
mosthenes against Philip, King of Macedon; 
but afterwards applied to any invective de- 
clamation; as, the orations of Cicero against 
Antony. 

Phiz. " This word is formed by a ridi- 
culous contraction from physiognomy, and 
should, therefore, if it be written at all, be 
written phyz." — Johnson. 

Pike, a long lance or spear; a voracious 
fish — so named from the sharpness of its 
snout. Pique, to touch to the quick, to 
offend deeply, is the same word differently 
spelled ami applied. Hence, piquant, sharp, 
pungent, severe. 

Pipkin, a small pipe or vessel. Compare 
Lamh/v'ra, &c 

Pitch, therein of the pine; tar. Hence, 
the expression, " as black as pitch." 

Pitch, to throw headlong. Pitch, a cer- 
tain degree of elevation ; as, at the highest 
pitch of the voice. 

Poach. See under the next word. 

Tocket, a small poke, or bag. Pouch 
and pock {a little bag or pustule) are diffe- 
rent forms of the same word. Hence, also, 
poach, to bag or steal game; and poacher, 
a stealer of game. 

Pout, a gate or entrance ; a harbour. 
Portholes in a ship are the apertures or 
doors through which the guns are put out. 

Port, bearing, mica.. Compare carriage. 



Port (wine), an abbreviation of Oporto. 

Porter, a gale or door-keeper. Porter, 
one who carries loads for hire. Hence, 
porter, strong beer ; the usual drink of 
porters. 

Pound, a weight ; and because a pound of 
silver was formerly coined into twenty shil- 
lings, twenty shillings are still called a 
pound, though they are now only about one- 
\ third of that weight. Pound, to beat or 
I bruise with something weighty. 

Premises. This term, which properly 
means the things premised, or before men- 
tioned, as houses and lands in a lease, came 
to be applied to the houses and tenements 
themselves. In logic, the term means the 
two propositions premised ; and from which 
the third, that completes the syllogism, is 
deduced. 

Pucker (to formintosmall pocks or pokes), 
to wrinkle or ruffle. See Pocket. 

Quagmire, from quake, as m earthquake, 
and mire. 

Quick, alive or living ; as "the quick and 
the dead." Hence, be quick, and be alive, 
are equivalent expressions. Life implies 
motion, and hence the expression quickail ver. 



lxii 



DERIVATION. 



Quiver, a case for arrows; another form 

of COVER. 

Rally, to re-ally or reunite broken forces. 

Rat. This term has been applied to per- 
sons who desert their party when it is in 
danger of being broken up, from an idea 
that rats leave houses which aro in danger 
of falling, and ships that are likely to sink. 

"In few, they hurried us aboard a bark, 
A rotten carcase of a boat — the very rati 
Instinctively had quit it." — Skakspeakb. 

Ratlin, from rat and line ; because the 
sailors, when they run up the shrouds, are 
like rats running up ropes. 

Rear, to raise up ; to bring up ; to breed ; 
also, to elevate by throwing on the hind legs, 
as a horse. 

Rear (or Rere), that which is behind; 
as, the rear rank. 

Reel (a frequentative of roll), to roll 
or turn, to move quickly round ; to stagger. 

Regale (to entertain like a king), to feast 
sumptuously. Prom regal, kingly. 

Regiment, rulo ; discipline; but now 
applied only to a body of soldiers, under the 
command {regiment) of a colonel. Regimen, 
food regulated or prescribed by physicians, 
is another form of the same word. 

Remnant, a contraction of remanent, 
remaining. 

Rest, that which rests or remains behind. 
Rest, cessation or relaxation, is the same 
word differently applied. 

Riddle, an enigma or puzzle, is a dimi- 
nutive of read or rede, to guess. 

Riddle, a coarse sieve, is from reticle. 

Rock, a vast mass of stone fixed in the 
earth ; and because places of defence are 
usually founded upon a rock, the term, par- 
ticularly in Scripture, has been used to de- 
note a defence or protection ; as, " the rock 
of Israel." 

Roost, to rest ; the place on which birds 
perch to rest for the night. 

Sable, a little animal ; the skin of this 
animal (which is dark and glossy). Hence, 
sable, dark, black ; as, the sable night. — 
Compare the figurative applications of jet 
and pitch. 

Salver, from save. Salvers were origi- 
nally used for saving or carrying away the frag- 
ments of an entertainment. Salvage is a 
recompense awarded to those who have saved 
ships or merchandize from being wrecked. 

Sample, another form of example. 

Sampler, an example; a copy or model. 
See the preceding word. 

Satchel (a small sack), a small bag. 
For the terminations which express diminu- 
tion, see page 1. 

Saw, a saying ; a proverb ; as, " full of 
wise saws and modern instances." 

Scale, bladder; also, a figure (so called 
from having some resemblance to a ladder) 
in maps exhibiting the proportions between 
the represented and actual distances. Hence 
the expressions, " on a grand scale," "on a 
small scale." Hence, scale, to climb or 
ascend by ladders; as to scale the walls. 
Scale — as, the scale of a fish ; the scale of a 



balance. Scale, to pare or peel off in thin 

particles like scales. 

Scrap, that which is scraped off; and 
hence, a very small portion. Compare scum, 
that which is skimmed off. 

Set, to place ; to place or put in order ; as, 
to set a watch, to set a razor, to set the house 
in order. Set, a number of things (set down 
together) suited to each other ; as, a set of 
china, a set of fire irons. 

Shaft, an arrow ; any thing long and 
straight; as, the shaft of a car. Shaft, a 
narrow, deep, perpendicular pit ; as the 
shaft of a mine. 

Sharper (a sharp, keen person) ; a cheat. 
See Blade, page liii. 

Sheen, bright or shining ; from the yerb 
to shine. 

Sheriff, from shirereeve. Compare port- 
reeve. 

Shoal, a shallow or sandbank. 

Shuffle, a frequentative from shove. To 
shove or move cards frequently from one 
hand to the other ; and hence, to keep chang- 
ing one's ground or position. Shovel is from 
the same root. 

Skipper, another form of shipper; the 
master or captain of a trading vessel. 

Sloven, from slow ; as craven from crave. 
Slut is from the same word (slowed, slow'd, 
slut). See page li. 

Sneer. It is remarkable that most words 
beginning with sn have reference to the nose ; 
as snout, sneer, sneeze, snore, snort, snarl, 
snuff, snuffle, sniff, snivel, snaffle, &c. 

Snuff is the past participle of to sniffl 
that which is sniffed. 

Soak seems to be connected with suck. 

Sole, a flat fish; so called from its simi- 
larity to the sole of the foot, or the sole of 
a shoe. 

Sorrel, a plant of a sour or acid taste. 
Compare surly. 

Sound, any thing audible, a noise. Sound, 
a shallow sea — such as may be sounded* 
with the plummet ; as, the Sound of Den- 
mark. Hence, sound, to try, to examine : 
as, have you sounded him od the subject? 
Sound, healthy, sane ; wise; uninjured; as, 
a sound mind in a sound body ; safe and 
sound. 

Spice, a very small quantity — as much as 
would enable one to judge of the species or 
quality. Specimen is another form of the 
same word. 

Spring, to shoot up unexpectedly or im- 
perceptibly, as plants; to spring up sud- 
denly, as an elastic body when the pressure 
is removed ; to spring or leap upon, as a 
wild beast on its prey. Spring, the season 
in which plants, &c, spring up. Spring, 
a well of water springing up out of the 
ground. 

Springe, a gin or noose to catch by a spring 
or jerk. 

Stake, a strong stick or post st uck or fixed 
in the ground. Stake, a wager or pledge — 
deposited or fixed to await the event ; and 
hence, chance, risk, hazard. 



* Sound. See Acts xxvii. 28 for an illustration. 



ENGLISH ETYMOLOGIES. 



bdii 



Staple, another form of stable ; firm, 
established. 

Starch, another form of stark, stiff, firm, 
confirmed, established; as, "stark mad." 
Starch is used for stiffening linen, &c. It 
also means stiff, formal, precise. Compare 
march from mark; crouch from crook; 
milch from milk; breach from break; 
speech from speak, &o. 

Stave, another form of staff, a stick used 
for supporting or assisting one while walking ; 
and hence, the term has been applied to the 
officers in special attendance on a general, 
as " the General's staff." Stave off is to 
keep off, or to defend one's self with a stave. 
Stave, to break (in the past tense, stove), 
is properly to break up any thing made of 
staves, as a barrel. 

Steeple, from steep, high. See page li. 
Step, that which enables us to ascend, is 
also from steep. 

Stern (the steering place), the hind part 
of a ship. 

Stick (a long, slender piece of wood), a 
staff. Stick, to fasten or pin against; to 
adhere to. 

Stickle, a frequentative of stick, to stick 
or adhere to, to defend or advocate. 

Stock, the trunk or stem of a tree ; so 
called from being stuck or fixed in the 
ground ; a family or race ; fixed quantity or 
store of any thing ; a stock or capital in 
trade ; that part of a gun in which the barrel 
is stuck or fixed. 

Stocks, a place of confinement, in which 
the legs of the offenders are stuck. Stocks, 
a frame in which ships are ttuck or fixed, 
while building. Stocks, the public funds. 

Strain, to squeeze or press; to press too 
much or violently ; to force or constrain. 
Hence, to strain one's ancle ; to strain a 
point. 

Stud (another form of stood), a number of 
horses standing together ; a set of horses ; 
a nail or button for fixing or keeping things 
steady ; the head of a nail or similar orna- 
ment set or fixed on any thing. 

Tadpole. See Gadfly, page Mi. 

Talent, a weight or sum of money ; also 
(from the parable of the Talents), a natural 
gift ; a faculty or power. 

Tamper, to try a person's temper, with 
the view of practising upon it. 

Tantalize, from Tantalus, as to hector, 
from the Trojan hero Hector. The etymo- 
logy of the vulgar term, " to Burke," may 
yet puzzle posterity. 

Tap, to strike or hit with the tip of any 
thing, as the finger; to knock gently. 

Taper, a wax candle; alight. Hence, taper 
(formed like a taper), conical; slender. 

Tender (to extend the arm), to offer. 
Tender (put for attender), a small vessel 
which attends upon the fleet, &o. 

Tendril, the young or tender spirals of 
the vine. 

Text-hand, the larger hand in which 
texts were written, in distinction from the 
smaller hand of the comments. Text pro- 
perly means something interwoven. 

Tidings, things that betide or happen; 



news. Vrom tide, which primarily meant 
time. Hence, tidy, doing every thing in 
its proper time ; orderly ; neat. 

Tight, from tied. See page li. 

Trice is from thrice, and means in an 
instant ; before you con id say thrice. 

Trifle. It seems another form of trivial. 

Twilight, the waning light between day 
and dark. 

Twin, from twoen. Twain, twine, and 
tween, as in between, are the different 
forms of the same word. 

Twist, that which is tiviced. See page li. 

Upholsterer, another form of upholder, 
(upholdster, upholsterer,) a bearer or sup- 
porter at a funeral ; one who undertakes to 
supply funerals ; and hence, one who provides 
furniture or upholstery for houses. Com- 
pare undertaker ; and see Holster, page 
lviii. 

Usher, one that stands at. a door, for the 
purpose of introducing strangers or visitors ; 
and hence, an under teacher — one who in- 
troduces or initiates young children in the 
rudiments or elements of learning. 

Utter, for outer, farther out ; and hence, 
extreme, as in "utter darkness;" also (to 
give out words), to speak (to give or sell 
out) ; to publish ; to vend. See Express. 
" Till to the bridge's utter gate I came." — Spenser. 

Vault, auarched cellar. Hence, vault, 
to leap in an arched or circular direction. 

" The fiery darts in flaming volleys flew, 
And, flying, vaulted either host with lire." 

Milton. 

Veneer, to inlay with wood so as to give 
the appearance of veins. 

Waddle, from wade. To walk as if 
loading; to walk awkwardly. 

Wag, to shake or move frequently; to wag 
one's head at, or play tricks on another ; and 
the person who has a habit or turn for 
doing so is called a wag. 

Warn, from the old verb ware-en, as in 
beware. Compare learn* from lear-en; 
for the old form was tear, whence lcre. To 
warn is, to tell a person to beware, or to be 
wary. 

Waver, from wave. " For he that 
wavereth is like a wave of the sea, driven 
with the wind and tossed." 

Whisk, a quick sweeping motion ; a 
kind of brush for sweeping ; hence, whisker, 
from the resemblance to a whisk or brush. 

" No thought advances, but the eddy brain 

WfiUki it about, and down it goes again."— Popb. 

Wig, an abbreviation of periwig, which 
is corrupted from the French peruke. 

Wild, will, willed, wil'd, wild. Self- 
willed, or following one's own will. 

Winnow, to separate the grain from the 
chaff by means of the wind; to sift or ex- 
amine. 

Wizard. For the affix, ard, see page 1. 

Wrong, from wring, as song from sing. 
Wrong means wrung, or wrested from 
the right or correct course of conduct. 

* Also wkah [wear-en), worn; and tkar (tear^nU 
torn. 



lxiv 



DERIVATION. 



LATIN AND GREEK EOOTS. 

In page xlviii it has been stated that the English language owes a 
large portion of its vocabulary to Latin and Greek roots, particularly 
to the former. The following List contains the most productive, and 
consequently the most useful of these roots : but in order that the 
knowledge of them may be made available to the fullest extent, it will 
be necessary for the learner to make himself previously and perfectly 

acquainted with the Prefixes and Affixes, or Terminations See page 

xlviii. 



THE FOLLOWING ROOTS ARE TRACED AS EXAMPLES. 



Cai\* capt, cept, cip, to take, hold, or 
contain. Henee, capable, able or fit to take 
or hold, equal or adequate to; incapable, 
not capable ; crz/jability, ability or power of 
taking, adequateness ; capableness ; capa- 
cious (that can take or hold much), large; 
captions idisposed to take or -start objec- 
tions to, or to find faultl, peevish, morose; 
copiousness, a disposition to be captious; 
captive, a person taken or captured in war ; 
captivity, the state of a captive; captivate 
(to take captive), to subdue by force of 
charms ; captor, the person who takes or 
subdues ; cptare, a taking, a prize ; ao- 
Crpt (to take to, sc. one's self), to receive ; 
accepter, the person who accepts ; accept- 
able, fit or worthy of being accepted; ac- 
ceprablenes9, acceptability, acceptation ; an- 
tic/pate, to take before-hand ; anticipation ; 
concei'ye (through the Frenchl ; conception; 
deceive rt deception, deceptive ; except, to 
take out of or from ; exception ; inceptive, 
taking in ias a commencement) ; intercept 
(to tak? between), to stop or obstruct ; parti- 
cipate, to take a part in, to share with ; par- 
ticiple, a part of speech participating, sc. in 
the qualities of both a verb and an adjective; 
perception, the act of {taking through) per- 
ceiving ; perceptible, that can be perceived ; 
imperceptible ; recepracle, reception, receipt ; 
recipe (take thou) ; susceptible (that may be 
taken or subdued by), subject to. &c. 

Cede:): or ceed, to go, to go back, to yield 
or give up. Cede, to give up ; cession, a 
giving up ; cessation, a giving up or ceas- 
ing ; cease, to give up or stop ; accede (ad- 
cede) (to go or yield to, sc. a proposal), to 
comply with; access, a going to, approach 
or admission to ; accessible (that may be 
gone to i, easy of access ; accession, accessary, 
accessory (going to), helping or abetting ; 
antecedent, going before; concede (to go 
with), to comply with or agree to ; concession, 
a going with or yielding ; exceed, to go 
above or beyond ; excess, excessive ; inter- 



* Cap, &c. From capio, to take or hold ; captus, 
taken.. In composition, cipio, ceptus. 

f Di-ceive is derived, through the French, from de- 
tipio, which literally means to take from. To trace 
out and account for the peculiar force, and (appa- 
rently) different meanings of prepositions in compo- 
sition, constitutes the chief difficulty in the Latin 
language. We must not therefore expect to be able, 
in every case, to defect *nd explain their proper and 
peculiar f.rce. 

t Cede or Ceed. Froi/i cedo, to go, to go back, or 
tticld ; cessus, given up. 



cede (to go between), to mediate; interces- 
sion ; precede, to go before; precedent (an 
examplei, going before ; proceed, to go for- 
ward ; procession; process, something g'om.g' 
forward or on ; procedure ; recede, to go 
back ; recess; secede, to go apart ; seceder, 
a person who secedes ; succeed, logo up to 
or after, to follow (to go up to our wishes 
or object) to prosper ; success, successful, 
unsuccessful ; succession, successive (fol- 
lowing afterl ; decease, going from, or de- 
parture, death ; predecessor, the person who 
goes from, sc. a place before the successor 
or person who comes after ; ancestor (for 
antecessor), one who goes before. 

Di;cE,* duct, to lead or bring. Duke, a 
leader ; dukedom, the dominion or terri- 
tory of a duke ; ducal ; ducat \a coin, so 
called because issued by a reigning duke — 
as our coin, a sovereign) ; ductile, Jit or able 
to be led ; ductility ; abduction, a leading 
from or away ; adduce, to bring to, or for- 
ward ; conduce, to bring with, to help or 
promote ; couducible, conducive ; conduct, 
to lead with, to guide ; conductor ; conduit, 
a pipe for conducting, sc. water — an AQUB- 
duct ; deduce, to lead or bring from ; de- 

I duction, dedttcible ; educe, to bring out; 

\ educate, to lead or bring up, education ; in- 
duce, to bring in or on; inducement, induc- 
tion ; introduce, to bring to within, intro- 
duction ; introductory ; produce, to bring 
forth or forward ; pruducr, production ; pro- 
ductive, able to produce ; reduce, reduction, 
seduce, seduction, superinduce, traduce, &c. 
Ject,| to throw or cast. Hence, abject, 
cast from or away ; adjective, cast to or add- 
ed ; coiy'ecruro, a casting (our thoughts) to- 
gether ; dejected, cast down; eject, to cast 
out ; ejectment, ejection, a casting out ; 
ejector, a person who ejects ; inject, to cast 
in, injection ; inter/ertion, a casting be- 
tween (other words and phrases) ; object, 
to cast in the way of, or against, to oppose ; 
object, something cast in our way, or be- 
fore our eyes ; oij/ec/or, a person objecting ; 
ol/'eciionable, that may or can be objected 
to ; unob/ecriotiable, objective ; project, ta 
cast or shoot forward ; projection ; project- 

I or, a person projecting or designing ; pro- 

jectile (iZe for ible), that which can be cast 
forward, a body put in motion ; reject, re- 



* Duce, Duct. From neco, to lead : doctus, lei. 
t Jtct. From jaciu, to cast or tliroio ; jkciuS, 
cast or Vvrown. 



LATIN AND GREEK ROOTS. 



Ixr 



jection, to cast back or refuse ; subject, sub- j 
jection, cast under, in the dominion or power I 
of, &c. 

Port,* to bear or carry. Port, bearing i 
or carriage ; porter, a carrier ; portable, lit i 
or able to be carried ; portmanteau (for car- I 
rying a mantle or cloak) ; portfolio (tor j 
carrying a folio) ; comport, comportment; 
dejoori, deportment (the manner of con- 
ducting or demeaning one's self) ; export, 
to carry out i exportation; import, to carry 
treto, to imply or mean, to be of importance ; 
importation; important (carrying into), of 
consequence ; purport (to bear forward), to 
import or mean ; report, a carrying back, sc. 
of noise (as the report of'a gun) or news ; 
reporter ; support, to carry or bear under, 
to assist or uphold ; supporter ; transport, 
to carry beyond, sc. the seas, or ourselves, 
transportation, &c. 

Press, to force or urge. Press, a frame 
or case in which clothes, &c, are kept in 
press, or when folded up ; also, the machine 
used for printing or impressing the paper 
■with the types; and figuratively, the term 
has been applied to printing, and in an espe- 
cial manner to newspaper printing. Hence, 
the terms " liberty of the press," " licen- 
tiousness of the press," " gentlemen of the 
press ,•" the prcw.v-gang (persons commission- 
ed in war times to press or force mariners to 
serve in the navy). A press-bad folds or 
shuts up in the form of a press ; express is 
to press out or utter our thoughts ; also, 
to send out or off speedily or specially'; 
whence the term expressly. The other 
words in which this root is found, are nume- 
rous and easy ; as pressure, compress, de- 
press, impress, oppress, suppress, &c. 

LATIN ROOTS. 

jEquus, even, equal, just. Equable, 
equability, equal, equally, equality, equal- 
ness, equalize, equalization, equation, equa- 
tor, equatorial, equiangular, equanimity, 
equidistant, equilateral, equilibrium, equi- 
nox, equinoctial, equipoise, equitable, equity, 
equitably, equivalent, equivocal, equivocally, 
equivocate, equivocation, equivocator, ade- 
quate, adequately, adequateness, co-equal, 
inadequate, inadequately, inadequacy, in- 
equality, inequitable, iniquity, iniquitous, 
unequal, unequally, unequalled, unequal- 
ness, unequivocal, unequivocally, &c. 

Ago,| to do or act ; actus, done. Agent, 
agency, act. active, actively, activeness, ac- 
tivity, actor, actress, action, actionable, 
actual, actually, actuary, actuate, cogent, 
cogency, counteract, enact, enactor, enact- 
ment, exact, exactly, exactor, exactness, ex- 
action, exigence, exigency, exigent, inaction, 



* Port. From porto, to carry; portatus, carried. 

t Ago, to do. It is much better to English Latin 
and Greek verbs in a general way, (that is. by the 
infinitive mood,) than to give the exact translation, 
■which, with persons ignorant of the learned lan- 
guages, seems to limit their meaning to the first per- 
son singular, present tense. Besides, it is ridiculous 
to bear children calling out, " pen&eo, I hang;" 
'• cusdo, I kill ;" "pario," &c. &c. 



inactive, inactivity, overact, rea^t, reaction, 
transact, transaction, inactive, &c. Also 
(from its frequentative, aoito, to drive, to 
stir up, or excite), agitate, agitation, agita- 
tator, cogitate, cogitative, cogitation, &c. 
Hence, also, navigable,* navigate, naviga- 
tion, navigator, circumnavigate, circumnavi- 
gator, circumnavigation, ccc. 

Alter, another. Alter, alterable, alter- 
ant, alteration, alterative, altercation, altern, 
alternate, alternative, adulterate, adultera- 
tion, subaltern, inadulterate, &c. 

Aiuo, to love; amatus, loved. Amiable, 
amiably, amiablcness, amiability, amour, 
amorous, amorously, amorousness, amateur, 
amatory, enamour, paramour, &c. Also 
(from its derivative amicus, & friend), amity, 
amicable, amicably, amicablenets, enemy, f 
enmity, inimical, &c. 

Angulus, a corner, an angle. Angle, an- 
gular, angularity, equiangular, quadrangle, 
quadrangular, rectangle, rectangular, tri- 
angle, triangular, &c. 

A.vLma, breath, spirit, life. Animate, 
animated, animation, animal, animalcule, 
inanimate, inanimatcd, reanimate, reani- 
mated, exanimate, &c. 

Animus, the mind. Animadvert, anim- 
adversion, animosity, equanimity, magna- 
nimity, magnanimous, magnanimously, pu- 
sillanimity, pusillanimous, pusillanimously, 
unanimity, unanimous, unanimously, &c. 

A.vnus, a year. Annals, annalist, anni- 
versary, Anno Domini, or A.D., annual, 
annually, annuity, annuitant, biennial, tri- 
ennial, septennial, perennial, millennium, 
superannuate, superannuation, &o. 

Antiquus, old or ancient. Antiquary, 
antiquarian, antiquated, antique, antiquity, 
ancient, anciently, ancicntness, antic, &c. 

Aptus, fit, apt, meet. Apt, aptly, apt- 
ness, aptitude, adapt, adaptation, inaptitude, 
inept, ineptly, ineptitude, &c. 

Aqua, water. Aquatic, aqueous, aqua- 
rius, aquafortis, aquamarina, aquavitag, aque- 
duct, terraqueous, &c. 

Arma, arms. Arm, arms, army, armour, 
armorial, armory, armada, armament, ar- 
mistice, unarmed, &c. 

Ars !ARTts)4 an art, skill. Art, artful, 
artfully, artfulness, artless, artlessly, artless- 
ness, artisan, artist, artifice, artificer, artifi- 
cial, artificially, &c. 

Audio, to hear ; auditus, heard. Audi- 
ble, audibly, audience, audit, auditor, audi- 
torship, auditory, inaudible, &c. 

Augeo, to increase; auctus, increased. 
Augment, augmentation, auction, § auction- 
eer, author, U authoress, authorize, authoriz- 



* Navigate is from navis, asliip, and ago, in the 
sense of to lead or conduct. 

f Enemy, Enmity. The prefix en in these words 
(which we derive through the French) represents in 
in its negative sense. See page 1. 

t Ars. When two words are given, as ARS(ARTrs), 
the first is the nominative, and the second the geni- 
tive or possessive car.e. In such words the deriva- 
tives are formed from the genitive ease. 

§ Auction. Because the price goes on increasing 
till the sale is effected. 

|| Author. Proiier'y, one who increases, generates, 
or produces liny thing. 



lxyi 



DERIVATION. 



ation, authority, authoritative, authorita- 
tiveness, unauthorized, autumn. 

Barbarus, rude, savage. Barbarous, 
barbarously, barbarian, barbarity, barbaric, 
barbarism,' barbarize, Barbary,* barb. 

Bellum, war. Belligerent, belligerous, 
rebel, rebellion, rebellious, rebelliously, re- 
belliousness, &c. 

Bene, well, good. Benediction, benefac- 
tion, benefactor, benefactress, benefice, be- 
neficed, beneficence, beneficent, beneficial, 
beneficially, benefit, benevolence, benevo- 
lent, benison, unbeneficed, &c. 

Bieo, to drink. Bib, bibuloxis, imbibe, 
imbiber, wine-bibber, &o. See Bib, page liii. 

Bis, bi, twice, tivo. Biscuit.f bidental, 
biennial, biformed, bifurcated, bigamy, bi- 
gamist, bilinguous, biped, bisect, bisection, 
bivalve, bivalvular, &o. 

Bonus, good. Bonus, s., boon, bounty, 
bounteous, bounteousness, bountiful, boun- 
tifully, bountiful ness, &o. 

Brevis, short, brief. Brevity, breviary, 
breve, brevet, brief, briefness, abbreviate, 
abbreviation, abridge, abridgment, &c. 

Brutus, bride, senseless. Brute, brutal, 
brutally, brutality, brutalize, brutify, bru- 
tish, brutisbly, brutishness, &c. " Brutum 
fulmen" (Brutus). 

Cado,+ to fall out or happen ; cASVs,fallen. 
Cadence, cadency, cadent, cascade, case, ca- 
sual, casually, casualty, casuist, casuistical, 
casuistry, accidence, accident, accidental, 
accidentally, coincide, coincidence, coinci- 
dent, decadence, decay, deciduous, incidence, 
incident, incidental, incidentally, occasion, 
occasional, occasionally, Occident, &c. 

Cjedo,± to cut, to kill; oaEsus, cut, killed. 
Decide, decision, decisive, decisively, cir- 
cumcise, circumcision, concise, concisely, 
conciseness, excise, excision, incision, inci- 
sor, indecision, precise, precisely, precise- 
ness, precision, fratricide, homicide, homi- 
cidal, matricide, parricide, parricidal, regi- 
cide, suicide, suicidal, uncircumcised, un- 
decided, undecisive, unexcised, raticide, &o. 

Calculus, a small stone or pebble. Cal- 
culate, calculation, calculating, calculator, 
calculable, incalculable, miscalculate, &c. 

Campus, a plain, an open field. Camp, 
campaign, decamp, decampment, encamp, 
encampment, champaign, champagne, Cam- 
pania,? champion,! &c. 

Candeo, to be white, to shine, to be 
bright, to glow with heat, to inflame. 
Candent, candid, candidly, candidness, can- 
dour, candidate, If candle, candlemas, chan- 



• Barbary. This name was given by the Romans 
to the countries along the northern coast of Africa. 
Barb is properly a Barbary horse. 

f Biscuit, that is, twice or double baked. The root 
is coctus. 

i In composition, cado makes cldo, as Incldo; 
C*no, cldo {chut), as incldo. 

§ " Or where Campania's plain forsaken lies, 
A dreary waste expanding to the skies." 

Goldsmith. 

| Champion. One who takes the field (champ) in 
defence of any person or cause. 

^ Those who canvassed for place or preferment 
among the Romans, were called candviati, from the 
while toira which they wore, as emblematic of the 
purity of their inte»tlonj. 



dler, chandelier, incendiary, ineen'se, v., 
in'cense, *., censor, &o. 

Cano,* to sing; cantus, sung. Canorous, 
cant, canter, cantation, canticle, cantator, 
canto, chant, chanter, chantry, chanticleer, 
charm, charmed, charmer, charming, charm- 
ingly, ac'cent, *., accent', v., accentuate, ao- 
oentuation, accentual, des'cant, *., descant', 
v., enchant, enchanter, enchantress, en- 
chanting, enchantingly, enchantment, in- 
cantation, precentor, recant, recantation, &c. 

Capio, to take, to hold or contain ; cap- 
itis, taken. See page lxiv for the deriva- 
tives of this word. 

Caput (capitis), the head. Cap, cap-a- 
pie, cape, capital, capitally, capitular, ca- 
pitulation, captain, cbaplet, chapter, bicipi- 
tal, bicipitous, occiput, precipice, precipi- 
tanoe, precipitant, precipitate, precipita- 
tion, precipitous, recapitulate, recapitula- 
tion, &o. 

Caro (carnis), flesh. Carnage, carnal, 
carnally, carnival,! carnivorous, charnel- 
house, incarnate, incarnation, &c. 

Causa, a cause, a reason. Cause, cause- 
less, causal, causality, causation, causative, 
accuse, £ accuser, accusation, accusatory, ac- 
cusative, excuse, § excusable, inexcusable, 
recusant, &c. 

Caveo, to beware, to avoid ; cautus, 
avoided. Caution, cautionary, cautious, cau- 
tiousness, incautious, precaution, &c. 

Cavus, hollow. Cave, cavern, cavity, con- 
cave, concavity, excavate, excavation, &c. 

Cedo, to go, to go back, to yield ; cessus, 
yielded. See page lxiv. 

Censeo, to think, to judge, to estimate or 
value ; census, judged. Censor, censorial, 
censorious, censoriousness, censure, censurer, 
censurable, census, &o. 

Centrum, the middle point or centre. 
Centre, central, central ity, ceutrio, centri- 
fugal, centripetal, concentric, concentrate, 
concentration, eccentric, &c. 

Centum, a hundred. Cent, centage, cen- 
tenary, century, centennial, centesimal, cen- 
tigrade, centipede, centurion, &c. 

Cerno, to sift or separate by a sieve, to 
distinguish, to perceive, to judge or deter- 
mine ; cretus, separated. Concern, con- 
cerning, decree, decretal, discern, discern- 
ment, discerner, discernible, discerning, dis- 
creet, discreetness, discretion, discretional, 
discretionary, discrete, discretire, discrimi- 
nate, discrimination, discriminative, indis- 
cernible, indiscreet, indiscretion, indiscrete, 
indiscriminate, indiscrimination, secret, J 
secrecy, secretary, secrete, secretion, uncon- 
cern, undiscerning, &c. 

Certus, certain, sure. Certain, certainly, 
certainty, certify, certificate, certitude, as- 



* In composition, cano makes clno (centus), as 
aecTno {acentus). 

t Carnival. The latter part of the word Is from 
valeo, to bid farewell. 

t Accuse. From aceOso to bring (causam) a 
cause or charge (ad) against a person. 

§ Excuse. From excQso, to tret a person (ex) out 
of (causa) a cause or charge. To free from blame. 

S Secret. From (se, aside or np.Jrt, and cretui, 
separated) skcretus, put apart or concealed: and 
hence, secret. 



LATIN AND GREEK ROOTS. 



lxvii 



«e?tain, ascertainable, incertitude, uncer- 
tain, uncertainty, &c. 

Cieo, to stir up, to call ; citus, roused, 
cited. Cite, citation, excite, exciter, excite- 
ment, excitable, excitability, exciting, &o. 

Circulus, a circle, a ring. Circle, circu- 
lar, circularly, circularity, circulate, circu- 
lation, encircle, semicircle, semicircular, &c. 

Ctvis, a citizen. Civic, civil, civil war, 
civilly, civility, civilian, civilize, civilizer, 
civilization, incivility, uncivil, uncivilly, un- 
civilized, &o. 

Clamo, to cry or call out ; clamatus, 
exclaimed. Claim, claimer, claimant, cla- 
mour, clamourer, clamorous, clamorously, 
acclaim, acclamation, acclamatory, declaim, 
declaimer, declamation, disclaim, disclaimer, 
exclaim, exclamation, exclamatory, irre- 
claimable, proclaim, proclaimer,- proclama- 
tion, reclaim, reolaimable, reclamation, un- 
claimed, unreclaimed, &c. 

Cdarus, clear, bright, manifest. Clarify, 
clarified, clarification, clarion, clarionet, 
clear, clearness, clearance, declare, declara- 
tion, declarative, declaratory, &c. 

Claudo,* to shut, to close ; clausus, shut. 
Clause, close, closely, closeness, closet, con- 
clude, conclusion, conclusive, conclusive- 
ness, disclose, disclosure, enclose, enclosure, 
exclude, exclusion, exclusive, inclusive, in- 
conclusive, inconclusiveness, preclude, pre- 
clusion, preclusive, recluse, seclude, seclu- 
sion, inconclusiveness, &c. 

Clino, to bend, to lean, to lie down. 
Clinic, clinical, decline, declinable, declina- 
tion, declension, disincline, disinclination, 
incline, inclination, inclinable, indeclinable, 
recline, undeclined, &c. 

Colo, to till or cultivate ; cultus, tilled. 
Colony, colonial, colonist, colonize, coloniz- 
ation, cultivate, cultivation, cultivator, cul- 
ture, agriculture, agriculturist, agricultural, 
horticulture, uncultivated, &o. 

Concidio, to unite, to make friends. Con- 
ciliate, conciliation, conciliatory, reconcile, 
reconcilement, reconciliation, irreconcilable, 
unreconciled, &c. 

Contra, against, opposite to. Contrary, 
oontrarily, contrariness, contrariety, con- 
trast,! counter, counteract, &c. 

Coquo, to boil, to cook ; coctus, boiled. 
Cook, cookery, concoct, concoction, concoc- 
tive, decoct, decoction, &c. 

Cor (cordis), the heart. Core, cordial, 
cordially, cordiality, accord, accordant, ac- 
cordance, accordingly, concord, concordance, 
discord, discordance, discordant, record, un- 
recorded, courage, courageous, encourage, 
encouragement, &o. 

Corpus (corporis), a body. Corps, corpse, 
corporal, corporally, corporate, corporation, 
corporeal, corpulence, corpulency, corpulent, 
corpuscle, incorporate, incorporeal, &c. 

Credo, to believe, to trust ; creditus, 
trusted. Credence, credential, credible, 
aredibly, credibility, credit, creditable, cre- 



• In composition, claitdo makes cltido (clusus), as 
InclQdo (inciusus). 

f Contrast. The latter part of the word 18 from 
•to, to stand. Xo contrast is to make to stand or 
place in opposition for the purpose of comparison. 



ditor, credulity, credulous, credulously, cre- 
dulousness, creed, accredited, discredit, dis- 
creditable, incredible, incredibleness, incre- 
dibility, incredulity, incredulous, &c. 

Creo, to make out of nothing ; creatus, 
created. Create, creation, creative, Creator, 
creature, in create, miscreated, procreate, 
procreation, procreative, recreate, recrea- 
tion, recreative, uncreated, &c. 

Cresco, to grow, to increase; cretus, 
grown. Crescent, orescive, accrue, concrete, 
concretion, concretive, decrease, decrement, 
decrescent, encrease, excrescence, excres- 
cent, increment, recruit, supercresccnce, un- 
recruitable, &c. 

Crimen (crimInis), a crime, an accusa- 
tion. Crime, criminal, criminality, crimi- 
nate, crimination, criminatory, recriminate, 
recrimination, recriminatory, &c. 

Crusta, a crust. Crust, crusty, crustily, 
crustaceous, crustation, crustiness, incrust, 
incrustation, <fec. 

Crux (crucis), a cross. Crucial, crucify, 
crucifix, crucifixion, cruciform, excruciate, 
excruciation, cross, crosier, cruise, cruiser,&c. 

Cubo or cumbo, to lie down, to recline at 
table. Cubation, incubus, incubation, in- 
cumbency, incumbent, recumbence, recum- 
bency, recumbent, succumb, superincum- 
bent, &c. 

Culpa, a fault, blame. Culpable, culpa- 
bly, culpableness, culpability, exculpate, 
exculpation, exculpatory, &c. 

Cura, care, cure. Cure, enrer, cureless, 
curable, curacy, curate, curative, curator, 
curious, curiousness, curiosity, care, careful, 
carefully, carefulness, careless, carelessly, 
carelessness, accurate, accurately, accurate- 
ness, accuracy, inaccurate, inaccurately, in- 
curious, insecure, insecurely, insecurity, pro- 
curator or proctor, procuracy or proxy, pro- 
curable, procuration, procure, procurer, pro« 
curement, secure,* securely, security, sin©« 
cure, insecure, &.c. 

Curro, to run ; cursus, run. Current, 
currently, currency, curricle, cursitor, cur- 
sory, cursorily, courant, courier, course, 
courser, coursing, concourse, concur, concur- 
rence, concurrent, concurrently, discourse, 
discursive, discursively, excursion, excur- 
sive, incur, incursion, intercourse, occur, 
occurrence, precursor, recourse, recur, re- 
currence, succour, &c. 

Damnum, loss, hurt, harm. Damage, 
damageable, damn, damned, damnable, 
damnably, damnation, damnatory, condemn, 
condemner, oondemnable, condemnation, 
condemnatory, endamage, indemnify, in- 
demnification, indemnity, undamaged, un- 
condemned, &c. 

Decem, ten. December, decemviri, de» 
cemvirate, decimal, decimate, decimation, 
decennial, &c. 

Delicije, delicacies, dainties. Delicious, 
deliciously, deliciousness, delicacy, delicate, 
delicately, delicateness, indelicacy, indeli- 
cate, &c. 



• Secure. Prom sfcitrus, which is compounded of 
te, apart, and cura, care or concern. 
" Upon my secwe hour thy uncle stole.**— iT/imlet. 

a 



lsviii 



DERIVATION. 



Dens (dextis), a tooth. Dental, dentist, 
denticulated, dentifrice, dentition, bidental, 
indent, indented, indentation, indenture, tri- 
dent, &c. 

Deus, a god, God. Deity, deist, deisti- 
cal, deism, deodand, " Te Deum." 

Dico, to speak, to say; dictus, spoken. 
Diction, dictionary, dictum, dictate, dicta- 
tion, dictator, dictatorial, benedict, bene- 
diction, endite, indict, indictment, indict- 
able, interdict, interdiction, jurisdiction, 
malediction, contradict, contradiction, con- 
tradictory, predicate, predict, prediction, 
verdict, &c. 

Dignus, worthy. Dignity, dignitary, dig- 
nify, dignified, deign, condign, condignly, 
disdain, disdainful, disdainfulness, indig- 
nity, indignant, indignation, &c. 

DrviDO, to divide; divIsus, divided. Di- 
vide, dividend, division, divisible, indivi- 
dual, &.C. 

Do, to give ; datus, given. Date, datum, 
dative, deodand, donor, donation, add, ad- 
dendum, addition, additional, edit, editor, 
editorial, superadd, <kc. 

Doceo, to teach ; doctus, taught. Doci- 
ble, docibleness, docibility, docile, docility, 
doctor, doctrine, doctrinal, document, docu- 
mentary, indoctrinate, indocile, indociiity. 

Doleo, to grieve, to be in pain. Dole, 
doleful, dolefully, dolefulness, dolour, dolo- 
rific, dolorous, &o. 

Dominus, a lord, a master. Domain, 
dominant, domination, domineer, domini- 
cal, dominion, don, "Anno Domini," pre- 
dominance, predominancy, predominant, &c 

Domus, a house, a family. Domo, do- 
mestic, domesticate, domicile, domiciled, 
domiciliary, &c. 

Duco, to bring, to lead; ductus, led. 
See page lxiv for the derivatives of this word. 

Lurus, hard, lasting. Durable, durably, 
durableness, disability, durance, duration, 
during, endurable, endure, endurance, in- 
durate, obduracy, obdurate, obdurately, ob- 
durateness, &c. 

Ens (entis), being ; esse, to be. Entity, 
essence, essential, ab'sent, absent', absentee, 
absence, interest, interested, disinterested, 
nonentity, presence, present, presentment, 
presentable, presentation, omnipresence, om- 
nipresent, quintessence, represent, represent- 
ation, representative, unessential, uninterest- 
ed, uninteresting, &c. 

Eo, to go ; itus, gone. Ambient, ambi- 
tion,* ambitious, circuit, circuitous, circum- 
ambient, exit, initial, initiate, intransitive, 
obit, obituary, perisb, perishable, post-obit, 
preterite, sedition,! seditionary, seditious, 
seditiously, trance, transient, transit, transi- 
tion, transitive, transitory, transitiveness, 
unambitious, uninitiated, &c. 



* Ambition. This word, from 6imply meaning 
(itus) the going (ambi) about of candidates for the 
purpose of canvassine for posts of honor and prefer- 
ment, came to signify an inordinate desire of ad- 
vancement — a lust of power. 

t Sedition (for se-itio, d being euphonic). This term 
literacy means going apart; butbecause the Roman 
people, when they quarrelled with their rulers, used 
to retire to Mount Aven tine, the term came to signify 
factious proceedings, and insurrectionary attempts. 



Erro, to wander; erratus, wandered^ 
Err, errant, errantry, erratum, errata, erra- 
tic, erring, erroneous, erroneousness, error, 
aberration, arrant, unerring, &c. 

EstImo, to value, to rate, to esteem ; 
estijiAtus, valued. Esteem, estimable, 
estimation, inestimable, inestimably, &c. 

Eternus, without beginning or end. 
Eternal, eternally, eternity, eterne, eternize, 
co-eternal, &c. 

Examen, a balance, a test or trial. Ex- 
amine, examiner, examinator, examination, 
examinant, re-examine, re-examination, un- 
examined, &c. 

Exemplum, a copy or pattern. Example, 
exemplar, exemplary, sample, sampler, un- 
exampled, &c. 

Externus, outside, outward, foreign. 
Exterior, extern, external, externally, ex- 
traneous, extreme, extremely, extremity, 
extrinsic, estrange, estrangement, strange, 
stranger, strangeness, exotic, exoteric, &c. 

Fabuea, so?7ielhing much spoken of, a 
story, a fable. Fable, fabled, fabulist, fa- 
bulous, fib, fibber, confabulate, confabula- 
tion : and from the same root as fabiila, are 
affable, affability, ineffable, &c. 

FActEs, the make, shape, form, outward 
appearance, face. Facade, face, faced, fac- 
ing, fashion, fashionable, fashionably, fa- 
shionableness, feature, barefaced, efface, out- 
face, shamefaced, superficies, superficial, 
surface, &c. 

Facio, to make, to do; factus, made. 
Fio, to be made, to become. Fact, factor, 
faction, factious, factious) y, factiousness, fac- 
titious, factory, fac-simile, factotum, feasi- 
ble, feasibility, feat, fit, fiat, affect, affecta- 
tion, affection, affectionate, affected, affect- 
edness, affecting, artifice, artificer, artifi- 
cial, beatific, benefactor, benefaction, bene- 
fice, beneficent, beneficial, benefit, confec- 
tionary, confectioner, counterfeit, defeat, 
defect, defection, defective, deficiency, defi- 
cient, deficit, disaffected, disaffection, edi- 
fice, effect, effective, effectual, efficacy, effi- 
cacious, efficiency, forfeit, forfeitable, for- 
feiture, fortification, imperfect, imperfection, 
indefeasible, ineffectual, ineffieacy, ineffica- 
cious, inefficiency, inefficient, infect, infec- 
tion, infectious, infective, insufficiency, in- 
sufficient, magnificence, magnificent, male- 
factor, malefaction, manufacture, manufac- 
turer, manufactory, modification, mortifica- 
tion, munificence, munificent, notification, 
office, officer, official, officiate, officious, 
olfactory, orifice, ossification, pacification, 
pacificator, perfect, perfection, personifica- 
tion, petrifaction, pluperfect, perfect, pro- 
ficiency, proficient, profit, profitable, prolific, 
ratification, refection, refectory, refit, sacri- 
fice, sanctification, satisfaction, satisfactory, 
significance, significant, significantly, signi- 
fication, somnific, soporific, specific, specifi- 
cally, specification, stupefaction, sudorific, 
suffice, sufficiency, surfeit, terrific, unaffeot- 
ed, uneffectual, unjustifiable, unprofitable, 
unprofitableness, unsanctified, unsatisfac- 
tory, verification, versification, &o. To theso 
add words ending infy; as forti/y, magnj,/y, 
mv>\\\fy. 



LATIN AND GREEK ROOTS. 



lxix 



Facims, easy to be done; easy. Facile, 
facility, facilitate, faculty, difficult, diffi- 
cultly, difficulty, &c. 

Fallo, to deceive, to mistake ; falsus, 
deceived. Fallible, fallibility, fallacy, falla- 
cious, fallaciousness, false, falsely, falseness, 
falsehood, falsify, falsifier, falsification, in- 
fallible, infallibly, infallibility, &c. 

Fama, fame, renown, repute. Fame, 
famous, defame, defamer, defamation, de- 
famatory, infamy, infamous, &c. 

Fanum, a shrine, a temple. Fane, fana- 
tic, fanatical, fanaticism, profane, profaner, 
profaneness, profanity, profanation, unpro- 
faned, &c. 

Faveo, to favour. Favour, favourer, fa- 
vourite, favouritism, favourable, favourable- 
ness, unfavourable, &c. 

Fendo, to keep ojf, to strike ; fensus, 
kept off. Fend, fender, fence, fencible, 
fencing, defend, defender, defendant, de- 
fence, defenceless, defensible, defensive, in- 
defensible, inoffensive, inoffensiveness, of- 
fend, offender, offence, offensive, offensive- 
ness, undefended, unoffending, &c. 

Feko, to bear or carry, to suffer ; latus, 
borne. Ferry, fertile, fertility, fertilize, 
circumference, confer, conference, defer, de- 
ference, differ, difference, different, diffe- 
rential, infer, inferable or inferrible, infe- 
rence, Lucifer, mammiferous, offer, offering, 
offertory, pestiferous, prefer, preferable, pre- 
ferablenes3, preference, preferment, proffer, 
refer, referable or referrible, referee, refer- 
ence, somniferous, soporiferous, suffer, suf- 
ferer, sufferance, suffering, transfer, transfer- 
able, vociferate, vociferous, &o. See Latus. 

Fessus, confessed. Confess, confessor, 
confessedly, confession, confessional, pro- 
fess, professedly, profession, professional, 
professionally, professor, professorial, pro- 
fessorship, &c. 

Fides, faith. Bond fide, confide, confi- 
dant, confidence, confident, confidential, 
diffidence, diffident, infidel, infidelity, per- 
fidy, perfidious, fidelity, affiance, defy, defi- 
ance, &o. 

Figura, a shape, an image. Figure, figu- 
rative, disfigure, disfiguration, effigy, pre- 
figure, &c. 

Fingo, to form or fashion ; fictus, feign- 
ed. Feign, feigner, feint, fiction, fictitious, 
unfeigned, &c. 

Finis, the end, a limit or boundary. 
Fine, finery,* final, finish, finite, affinity, 
confine, confinement, define, definable, de- 
finite, definition, definitive, indefinite, in- 
finite, infinitive, infinitude, infinity, refine, 
refinement, superfine, unconfined, unfinish- 
ed, &o. 

Firmus, firm, strong. Firm, firmness, 
firmament, affirm, affirmative, affirmation, 
confirm, confirmation, confirmatory, infirm, 
infirmary, infirmity, unfirm, &o. 

Fixus, stuck, fixed. Fix, fixity, fixture, 
affix, crucifix, crucifixion, postfix, prefix, 
transfix, infix, &c. 

Fumma, a flame, a blaze. Flame, flam- 
beau, flammable, fiammability, inflame, in- 



* Finery. See Fine, page lvi. 



flammable, inflammability, inflammation, 
inflammatory, &c. 

Flecto, to bend, to turn, to change} 
flexus, bent. Flexible, flexibility, flexile, 
flection, flexion, flexure, circumnect, cir- 
cumflex, deflect, inflect, inflection, inflex- 
ible, inflexibility, reflect, reflection, reflect- 
ive, reflex, &c. 

Fligo, to beat, to strike ; flictus, struck. 
Afflict, affliction, afflictive, conflict, inflict, 
infliction, &c. 

Flos (floris), afiotver, a blossom. Flora, 
Florence, florid, florist, flour, flourish, flower, 
floweret, flowery, &o. 

Fjluo, to flow; fluxus, flowed. Fluent, 
fluency, fluid, fluidity, fluxion, flux, afflu- 
ence, affluent, confluence, confluent, con* 
flux, defluxion, effluvium, effluvia, influence^ 
influential, influx, reflux, superfluous, su« 
perflux. 

Forma, form or shape, a figure. Form, 
formal, formality, formation, formula, for- 
mulary, conform, conformable, conforma- 
tion, conformist, conformity, deform, de- 
formity, inform, informal, informalits, in- 
former, informant, information, misinform, 
nonconformity, nonconformist, perform, per- 
former, performance, reform, reformer, re- 
formation, transform, transformation, uni- 
form, uniformity, uninformed, &c. 

Fortis, strong, valiant. Fort, forte, 
fortify, fortification, fortitude, fortress, com« 
fort, comforter, comfortable, comfortable- 
ness, comfortless, discomfort, discomfort- 
able, effort, force, forcible, forcibleness, en- 
force, re-enforce, re-enforcement, uncom« 
fortable, uncomfortableness, unfortified, &c. 

Frango, to break ; fractus, broken. 
Frangible, infringe, infringement, fraction, 
fractional, fracture, fragile, fragility, frag- 
ment, fragmentary, frail, frailty, infraction, 
refract, refraction, refractive, refractory, re- 
fractoriness, &.O. 

Frons (frontis), the forehead. Front, 
frontal, frontier, frontispiece, frontlet, af- 
front, confront, effrontery, &c. 

Fugio, to flee ; FVGiTvs,fied. Fugacious, 
fugacity, fugitive, centrifugal, febrifuge, re- 
fuge, refugee, subterfuge, &c. 

Fundo, to pour out, to melt ; fusus, 
poured out. Found, foundery or foundry, 
fuse, fusible, fusion, confound, confuse, con- 
fusion, diffuse, diffusion, diffusive, diffusive- 
ness, effuse, effusion, infuse, infusion, pro- 
fuse, profusion, refund, refuse, refusal, suf- 
fuse, suffusion, transfuse, transfusion, &c. 

Fundus, the bottom. Found, v., founder, 
foundation, fundament, fundamental, pro- 
found, profundity, unfounded. 

Gelu, frost, ice. Gelatine, gelatinous, 
gelid, jelly, congeal, congealable, congela- 
tion, &c. 

Genus (generis), a race or family, a, kind 
or sort. Gender, general, generality, gene- 
ralize, generalization, generalissimo, generic, 
generate, generation, generative, generator, 
generous, generousness, generosity, genial, 
genius, genitor, genteel, gentile, gentility, 
gentle, gentleness, gentleman, gentry, genu- 
ine, genuineness, congenial, congenialness, 
congeniality, degenerate, degeneracy, dia 
d2 



Ixx 



DERIVATION. 



ingenuousness, engcndor, ingenious, ingenr- 
ousness, ingenuity, ingenuous, ungenerous- 
ness, primogeniture, progeny, progenitor, 
regenerate, regeneration, ungenerous, unge- 
nial, ungentlemanlike, unregenerate, &c. 

Gebo, to carry, to bear, to bring ; gestus, 
carried on. Gerund, gest, gestation, ges- 
ticulate, gesticulation, gesture, jest,* jester, 
belligerent, congeries, congestion, digest, di- 
gestible, digestion, digestive, indigestible, 
indigestion, suggest, suggestion, undigested, 
vicegerent, &c. 

Gradior, to go step by step, to go ; 
gres&us, stepped, gone. Grade, gradation, 
gradient, gradual, graduate, gradation, ag- 
gression, aggressive, aggressor, congress, de- 
grade, degradation, degree, digress, digres- 
sion, digressional, digressive, egress, egres- 
sion, ingredient, ingress, progress, progres- 
sion, progressive, regress, retrograde, retro- 
gression, transgress, transgression, transgress- 
or, transgressive, undergraduate, &c. 

Grajvdis, great, grand, lofty. Grand, 
grandness, grandeur, grandee, grandilo- 
quence, grandiloquous, aggrandize, aggran- 
dizement, &.O. 

Granum, a grain of corn. Grain, granary, 
granite, granivorous, granule, granuious, 
granulate, grenade, grenadier, ingrained, 
pomegranate. 

Gravis, heavy, weighty. Grave, grave- 
ness, gravid, gravitate, gravitation, gravity, 
£rief, grieve, grievance, grievous, aggravate, 
aggravation, aggrieve, &o. 

Grex (gregis), & flock, a herd. Grega- 
rious, aggregate, congregate, congregation, 
congregational, egregious, &o. 

Habeo, to have, to hold ; habitus, had. 
Habiliment, habit, habitable, habitation, 
habituate, habitual, cohabit, exhibit, exhi- 
bition, inhabit, inhabitable, inhabitant, in- 
hibit, prohibit, prohibition, prohibitory, un- 
inhabitable, uninhabited, &c. 

H^ereo, to stick to, to adhere; hmsvs, 
adhered. Adhere, adherence, adherent, co- 
here, coherence, coherent, cohesion, cohe- 
sive, cohesiveness, hesitate, hesitation, in- 
coherence, incoherent, inhere, inherence, 
inherent, &c. 

ILeres (h-erSdis), an heir. Heir, heir- 
ess, heirless, heirloom, heritable, heritage, 
heredkable, hereditary, coheir, coheiress, 
disinherit, inherit, inheritable, inheritance, 
inheritor, &o. 

Horreo, to be rough as with bristles, to 
he dreaded. Horrent, horrible, horrible- 
ness, horrid, horridness, horrific, horror, 
abhor, abhorrence, abhorrent, &c. 

Hospes (HOSPiTis),a host; &guest. Host, 
hostess, hospitable, hospitableness, hospital, 
hospitality, hostel or hotel, hostler or ostler, 
inhospitable, ore. 

Humus, the ground. Exhume, exhuma- 
tion, humble, humbleness, humiliate, humi- 
liation, humility, inhume, posthumous, &c. 

Image, an image or picture. Image, 
imagery, imagine, imaginable, imaginary, 
imagination, imaginative, imaginable, &c. 

* Jest. A Jest U properly a gesture, or grimace, to 



Impero, to command. Imperative, 1m* 

perial, imperialist, imperious, imperiousness, 
emperor, empress, empire, &o. 

Insula, an island. Insular, insulated, 
isle, islet, island, isolated, peninsula, &o. 

Ira, anger. Ire, ireful, irascible, irasci- 
bility, irritable, irritability, irritate, irrita- 
tion, &c. 

Jacio, to throw or cast ; jectus, thrown. 
For the derivatives ofth is word, see page Jxiv. 

Judex (judicis), a. judge. Judge, judg- 
ment, judicatory, judicature, judicial, judi- 
ciary, judicious, adjudge, adjudicate, adjudi- 
cation, extrajudicial, injudicious, misjudge, 
prejudge, prejudice, prejudicial, unpreju- 
diced, &o. 

Jungo, to join ; junctus, joined. Join, 
joiner, joint, junction, juncture, junto, ad- 
join, adjunct, conjoin, conjoint, conjunctly, 
conjunction, conjuncture, disjoin, disjunct, 
disjunction, disjunctive, enjoin, injunction, 
rejoin, rejoinder, subjoin, subjunctive, ua- 
jointed, iko. 

Juro, to swear. Juror, juryman, jury, 
abjure, adjure, conju're, con'jure, conjura- 
tion, conjurer, nonjuring, perjure, perjurer, 
perjury, &c. 

Jus (juris), right, law, justice. Jurist, 
juridical, jurisdiction, jurisprudence, injure, 
injury, injurious, uninjured. Justus, just, 
upright. Just, justice, justify, justifiable, 
justification, unjust, &o. 

Labor, labor, toil. Labor, laborer, la- 
borious, laboriousness, belabor, elaborate, 
laboratory, &o. 

Latus, brought or carried. Collate, col- 
lation, elate, illative, legislate, legislation, 
legislator, legislature, oblate, oblation, pre- 
lacy, prelate, prolate, relate, relation, rela- 
tive, superlative, translate, translation, trans- 
lator, &c. Latus, wide. Latitude, latitu- 
dinarian, &o. 

Latus (lateris), the side. Lateral, late- 
rally, collateral, collaterally, equilateral, 
quadrilateral, &c. 

Lavo, to wash ; lotus, washed. Lava, 
lavatory, lavation, lave, laundress, laundry, 
lotion, &o. 

Laxus, loose. Lax, laxity, laxness, laxa- 
tive, prolix, prolixity, relax, relaxable, re- 
laxation, &o. 

Lego, to gather or select, also, to read ; 
lkctus, gathered or selected, read. Legend, 
legendary, legible, legibleness, legibility, 
legion, lecture, lecturer, lesson, ool'lect, col- 
lect', collection, collector, collective, dialect, 
eclectic, elect, election, electioneering, elec- 
tive, elector, electoral, eloquence, elegant, 
elegit, eligible, eligibility, illegible, illegi- 
bility, predilection, pre-elect, prelection, re- 
collect, recollection, re-elect, select, selec- 
tion, &o. From its compounds, diligo, 
come diligence, diligently, &o. ; intelligo, 
intelligence, intelligent, &c. ; negijgo, ne- 
gligence, negligent, &c. 

Levo, to raise or lift up ; levatus, lifted 
up. Leaven, Levant, levee, lever, leviable, 
levy, alleviate, alleviation, elevate, eleva- 
tion, irrelevant, relevant, relief, relieve, &c. 

Lex (iegis), a law. Legal, legality, le- 
galize, legislate, legislation, legislative, 1c- 



JLAXIW AND GllEEX ROOTS. 



Lxxi 



gislator, legislature, legitimacy, legitimate, 

rilegal, illegality, illegitimate, privilege, 
law, lawful, lawyer, &o. 

Liber, free. Liberal, liberality, liberate, 
liberation, liberator, libertine, libertinism, 
liberty, deliver, deliverer, deliverance, illi- 
beral, illiberality, &c. 

Liber, a book. Library, librarian, &c. 

Libra, a pound, a balance. Librate, li- 
bration, equilibrium, deliberate, delibera- 
tion, &o. 

Liceo, to be lawful. Licit, licence, li- 
cense, licentiate, licentious, licentiousness, 
illicit, &c. 

Ligo, to bind, to tie. League, liable, lia- 
bility, liege, ligament, ligature, obligate, 
obligation, obligatory, oblige, disoblige, re- 
ligion, &e. 

Limes (limItis), a path, a boundary. 
Limit, limited, limitation, limitless, illimit- 
able, unlimited. 

Linea, a Line. Line, lineal, lineament, 
linear, lineage, curvilinear, delineate, inter- 
line, interlinear, outline, rectilinear, under- 
line, &c. 

Linquo, to leave ; licttjs, left. Delin- 
quency, delinquent, relinquish, relinquish- 
ment, derelict, dereliction, &c. 

Liquo, to melt, to be liquid. Liquor, 
liqueur, liquid, liquidate, liquidation, lique- 
fy, &c. 

Lis (lItis), strife, a lawsuit. Litigant, 
litigate, litigation, litigious, litigiousness, 
&c, 

Litera, a letter. Letter, lettered, literal, 
literary, literati, literature, alliteration, illi- 
terate, obliterate, obliteration, &c. 

Locus, a place. Local, locality, locate, 
location, locomotion, locomotive, allocate, 
allocation, dislocate, dislocation, &c. 

LoqruR, to speak ; locutus, spoken. 
.Loquacity, loquacious, colloquy, colloquial, 
elocution, eloquence, eloquent, grandilo- 
quent, grandiloquence, interlocutor, oblo- 
quy, soliloquy, soliloquize, ventriloquy, &c. 

Luceo. to shine, to be clear. Lucent, 
lucid, lueidness, Lucifer, elucidate, elucida- 
tion, pellucid, &c. 

Ludo, to play, to deceive ; lusus, played. 
Allude, allusion, allusive, collude, collusion, 
collusive, delude, deluder, delusion, delu- 
sive, elude, elusive, illurie, illusion, illu- 
sive, illusory, prelude, ludicrous. &c. 

Lumen, light. Luminary, luminous, il- 
lume, illumine, illuminate, illumination, 
relume, &e. 

Luna, the moon. Lunacy, lunatic, luna- 
tion, lunar, lune, lunette, sublunary, &c. 

MACEO, to be lean or thin. Macerate, 
maceration, meagre or meager, meagerness, 
emaciated. &c. 

Machina, a contrivance or device, a ma- 
chine. Machine, machinist, machinery, ma- 
chinate, machinator, &o. 

Magistkr, a master. Master, mastery, 
m*gistrat<-, magisterial, magistracy, &c. 

Magnus, great. Magna Charta, magni- 
tude, magnanimity, magnanimous, magnify, 
magnifier, magnificence, magnificent, mag- 
niloquence, main, majesty, majestic, majes- 
tical, major, majority, mayor, <kc. 



Male, bad, ill. .ofalecontent or malcon- 
tent, mal-apropos, malediction, malefactor, 
malefaction, malevolent, malversation, &c. 

Mando, to give in charge, to command. 
Mandamus,*niandate, mandatory, command, 
commander, commandment, countermand, 
demand, remand, commend, commendable, 
recommend, recommendation, reffimuiendi^ 
tory, &c. 

Maneo, to stay, to remain; mansus, re- 
mained. Manse, mansion, permanence, per- 
manency, permanent, remain, remaiuder, 
remnant, &c. 

Manus, the hand. Manacle, manage, 
manageable, manager, management, mani- 
pulation, manual, manufacture, manufac- 
turer, manufactory, manumit, manuscript, 
emancipate, emancipation, emancipator, mis- 
manage, maintain, maintenance, &c. 

Mare, the sea. Marine, mariner, mari- 
time, submarine, transmarine, ultramarine 
rosemary,! &c. 

Mater, a mother. Matron, matronal, 
matronize, matronly, maternal, matriculate, 
matriculation, matrimony, matrimonial, &e. 

Maturus, ripe. Mature, maturity, im- 
mature, immatureness, immaturity, prema- 
ture, prematureness, prematurity, &c. 

Medius, middle. Mediate, mediation, 
mediator, mediatorial, mediocrity, Mediter- 
ranean, medium, immediate, intermediate, 
middle, mean, &o. 

Medeor, to cure or heal. Medical, me- 
dicament, medicate, medicine, medicinal, 
remedy, remediable, remedial, irremediable, 
unremedied, &c. 

MedItor, to muse ot think upon. Medi' 
tate, meditation, meditative, premeditate, 
premeditation, unpremeditated, &c. 

Memor, mindful, keeping in mind. Me- 
moir, memorable, memorandum, memory, 
memorial, memorialist, memorialize, com- 
memorate, commemoration, commemora- 
tive, immemorial, remember, remembranc*' 
remembrancer, &c. 

Menda, a spot, a blemish. Mend, mend 
er, mended, amend, amends, amendment, 
emend, emendation, emendator, &c. 

Mens 'Mentis*, the mind. Mental, men- 
tally, dementate, demented. 

Migro, to migrate. Migration, migratory, 
emigrant, emigrate, emigration, immigrant, 
immigrate, immigration, transmigrate. &e. 

Miles (milItisI, a soldier. Militant, 
military, militate, militia, &c. 

Mille, a thousand. Millenarian, mil- 
foil, millennium, milleped, millesimal, &c. 

Mineo, to hang over or beyond. Emi- 
nence, eminency, eminent, imminence, im- 
minent, pre-eminent, prominence, promi- 
nency, prominent, supereminent, &o. 

Minister, a servant. Minister, minis- 
tering, ministerial, ministry, administer, ad- 
ministration, administrative, administrator, 
antiministerial, &c. 

Minuo, to lessen ; minutus, lessened. 

* Mandamus. The name of a icrit; literally, ice 
command. 

t Rosemary. From rot, dew ; and marimis, na,- 
rine. So called, because it generally prows on the 
*ca-shore, and appear* be-dewed with the spray. 



lxxii 



DERIVATION. 



Minikin, minim, minimum, minion, minor, 
minority, minus, jninu'te, min'ute, minute- 
ness, minutiEe, comminute, diminish, di- 
minution, diminutive, diminutiveness, undi- 
minished, &c. 

Mirus, strange, wonderful. Miracle, 
miraculous, miraculousness, admire, ad- 
mirer, a%nirable, admiration, &c. 

Misceo, to mix ; mistos ooiixtus, mixed. 
Mix, mixture, admixture, commix, intermix, 
intermixture, miscellany, miscellaneous, pro- 
miscuous, unmixed, &c. 

Miser, wretched. Miser, miserable, mi- 
sery, miserableness, commiserate, commise- 
ration. &c. 

Mitto, to send ; missus, sent. Mitti- 
mus, missile, mission, missionary, missive, 
admit, admittance, admissible, admissibility, 
admission, commit, commitment, committee, 
commission, commissioner, commissariat, 
commissary, compromise, demise, demissi- 
ble, demission, demissory, dismiss, dismis- 
sal, dismission, emit, emissary, emission, 
immission, inadmissible, intermit, inter- 
mittent, intermission, manumit, manumis- 
sion, omit, omittance, omission, permit', 
permit, permittance, permission, permis- 
sive, premi'se, prem'ise, promise, promis- 
sory, re-admit, re-admittance, re-admission, 
remit, remittance, remittal, remission, re- 
missible, submit, submission, submissive, 
submissiveness, surmise, transmit, transmis- 
sion, transmittal, uncommissioned, uncom- 
mitted, unremitting, &c. 

Modus, a measure, a manner, a rule. 
Mode, modal, model, moderate, moderation, 
moderator, modern, modernize, modest, mo- 
desty, modicum, modify, modification, mo- 
dish, modishness, mood, modulate, modula- 
tion, modulator, modus, accommodate, ac- 
commodation, commodious, commodious- 
ness, commodity, immoderate, immodest, in- 
commode, remodel, unaccommodated, &c. 

Moneo, to put in mind, to warn; mont- 
Tus, admonished. Monish, monition, moni- 
tor, monitress, monitorial, monument, monu- 
mental, admonish, admonition, admonitory, 
summon, summons, &c. 

Mons (montis), a mountain. Mount, 
mound, mountain, mountaineer, mountain- 
ous, mountebank, dismount, promontory, re- 
mount, surmount, surmountable, tramon- 
tane, ultramontane, unsurmountable, &c. 

Moxstro, to show or point out. Monster, 
monstrous, monstrousness, monstrosity, mus- 
ter, demonstrable, demonstrate, demonstra- 
tive, demonstrator, remonstrate, remon- 
strance, remonstrant, &o. 

Mors (mortis), death. Mortal, mortality, 
mortally, mortgage, mortify, mortification, 
mortmain, mortuary, murder, murderer, mur- 
derous, immortal, immortality, immortalize, 
mortiferous, &c. 

Mos (moris), a manner or custom. Mo- 
ral, morality, moralist, moralize, morals, de- 
moralize, demoralization, immoral, immo- 
rality, &o. 

Moveo, to move ; motus, moved. Move, 
mover, movable, movables, movement, mo- 
tion, motive, motionless, amotion, commo- 
tion, emotion, immovable, irremovable, pro- 



l mote, promotion, remote, rcmotcness> re- 
move, removable, removal, unmovable un- 
moved, &c. 

Mui/rus, many. Multifarious, multifa- 
riousness, multiped, multiple, multipliable, 
multiplicand, multiplicity, multiplier, mul- 
titude, multitudinous, &c. 

Munus (muneris), a gift, an office. Mu- 
nicipal, munificence, munificent, common, 
commonweal, commonwealth, commune, 
communicate, communication, communica- 
ble, communicant, communicative, commu- 
nicativeness, communing, communion, com- 
munity, excommunicate, excommunication, 
immunity, incommunicable, remunerate, re- 
muneration, remunerative, uncommon, un- 
communicative. Sec. 

Muto, to change ; mutatus, changed. 
Mutable, mutation, mutiny, mutineer, mu- 
tinous, commute, commutable, commuta- 
tion, immutable, immutableness, &c. 

Nascor, to be born, to spring; natus, 
born. Nascent, natal, nation, national, na- 
tionality, native, nativity, nature, natural, 
naturalist, naturalize, naturalization, natu- 
rals, non-naturals, cognate, denationalize, 
innate, preternatural, renascent, supernatu- 
ral, unnatural, &o. 

Navis, a ship. Naval, navy, navigable, 
navigableness, navigate, navigation, naviga- 
tor, circumnavigate, circumnavigation, cir- 
cumnavigator, &c. 

Necto, to bind, to knit; nexus, tied. 
Connect, connection or connexion, annex, 
annexation, annexive, disconnect, uncon- 
nected, &c. 

Nego, to deny ; negatus, denied. Nega- 
tion, negative, renege, renegade, nay, deny, 
denial, undeniable, &c. 

Neuter, neither of the two. Neuter, 
neutral, neutrality, neutralize, &c. 

Niger, black. Negro, negress, Nigritia, 
Niger, &c. 

Noceo, to hurt. Nocent, noxious, nui- 
sance, innocence, innocent, innocuous, in- 
noxious, obnoxious, &c. 

Nomen (nomints), a name. Nomencla- 
ture, nominal, nominate, nomination, nomi- 
native, nominator, nominee, noun, name, 
nameless, binomial, denominate, denomina- 
tion, denominator, ignominy, ignominious, 
pronoun, &c. 

Nosco, to know ; notus, knoion. No- 
table, notary, noted, notice, noticeable, 
notify, notification, notion, notorious, noto- 
riety, cognizable, cognizance, cognizant, con- 
noisseur, rec<>guise, recognition, reconnoitre, 
unnoticed, &c. 

Nota, a mark by which a thing can be 
known. Note, notation, annotate, annota- 
tion, annotator, denote, notation, &c. 

Novus, new. New, newness, news, novel, 
novelist, novelty, novice, novitiate, innovate, 
innovation, innovator, renew, renewable, re- 
newal, renovate, renovation, &c. 

Numerus, a number. Number, number- 
less, numbers, numerable, numeral, nume- 
rate, numeration, numerator, numerical, nu- 
merous, enumerate, innumerable, supernu- 
merary, &c. 

Nuxcius, a messenger ; nuncio, to tell or 



LATIN AND GREEK ROOTS. 



Ixxiii 



declare. Nuncio, announce, announcement, 
annunciation, denounce, denouncement, de- 
nunciation, enunciate, enunciation, pro- 
nounce, pronunciation, mispronounce, re- 
nounce, renunciation, unpronounced, &c. 

Nutrio, to nourish. Nutriment, nutri- 
mental, nutrition, nutritious, nutritive, 
nurse, nursery, nurture, nourish, nourish- 
ment, innutritious, &c. 

Octo, eight. Octave, octavo, octennial, 
October,* octagon, octagonal, octangular, &c. 

Oculus, the eye, a bud. Ocular, oculist, 
hinocle, binocular, monocular, inoculate,! 
inoculator, &c. 

OaiEV (oMiNis),a jj£», good or bad. Omen, 
ominous, abominate, abomination, abomi- 
nable, &c. 

Omnis, all. Omnium, omnibus, omnific, 
omnipotence, omnipotent, omnipresence, om- 
nipresent, omniscience, omniscient, omnivo- 
rous, &c. 

Opto, to wish. Optative, option, optional, 
adopt, adopted, adoption, &c. 

Opus (operis>, a work. Opera, operate, t 
operation, operative, operator, co-operate, 
co-operation, inoperative, &c. 

Orbis, an orb, a circle. Orb, orbit, orbi- 
cular, exorbitance, exorbitant, exorbitantly, 
disorbed, &c. 

Ordo (ordinis), order, rank. Ordain, 
ordained, order, orderly, ordinal, ordinance, 
ordnance, ordinary, ordinate, ordination, co- 
ordinate, disorder, extraordinary, extraordi- 
nariness, inordinate, insubordinate, insubor- 
dination, preordain, primordial, reordain, 
subordinate, subordination, &c. 

Orior, to rise; ortus, risen. Orient, 
oriental, orientalist, orientalism, abortion, 
abortive, abortiveness, origin, original, ori- 
ginality, originate, &c. 

Orno, to decorate, to adorn. Ornament, 
ornamental, ornate, ornateness, adorn, ad- 
ornment, suborn, subornation, &c. 

Oro, to speak, to pray, to beseech ; ora- 
tus, begged. Os (oris), the mouth. Oracle, 
oracular, orison, oral, orator, oratory, ora- 
tion, oratorical, oratorio, orifice, adore, ado- 
rer, adoration, adorable, exorable, inexora- 
ble, inexorableness, peroration, &c. 

Ovum, an egg. Oval, ovary, ovarious, ovi- 
parous, &c. 

Palatum, the taste, the palate. Palate, 
palatable, palatableness, palatal, unpalata- 
ble, &c. 

Palma, the palm tree ; also, the inner 
part of the hand. Palm, palmer, palmetto, 
palmy, palmistry,§ &c. See Palm, page Ixi. 



* October. The Roman year began in March, and 
hence, Sept ember, October, November, and December 
derive their names. Before the time of Julius and 
Augustus Caesar, July and August were called Quin- 
tims and Skxtilis, that is, the fifth and the sixth 
months. 

t Inoculate. To insert the [oculus) bud of one 
plant into the stock of another, for the purpose of 
propagation ; and hence, to generate the smali-pock 
by making an incision, and introducing the infected 
matter. 

! Operate. Compare the original meaning of drama 
witli that of opera : also, the words actor and act. 

9 Palmistry is the art or pretence of divining or 
telling fortunes, by examining the lines or marks on 
the palms of the baud. 



Pando, to open, to spiead ; PA2TSU8, 
spread out. Expand, expanse, expansion, 
expansive, expansibility, &c. 

Par, equal. Par, parity, pair, peer,* peer- 
ess, peerage, peerless, compare,! comparable, 
comparative, comparison, compeer, dispa- 
rage,! disparagement, disparity, incompa- 
rable, nonpareil, &c. 

Pareo, to appear. Peer, appear, § ap- 
pearance, apparent, apparition, disappear, 
disappearance, reappear, transparency, trans- 
parent, &c. 

Pario, to bring forth, to beget. Parent, 
parental, parentage, parturient, parturition, 
oviparous, viviparous, &c. 

Paro, to make ready ; paratus, pre- 
pared. Parade, apparatus, apparel, prepare, 
preparative, preparatory, repair, reparation, 
irreparable, &c. 

Pars (partis), a part, a share. Part, 
parboil, partake, partaker, partial, partial' 
ity, participate, participation, participle, 
participial, particle, particular, particular- 
ize, particularity, partisan, partition, part- 
ner, party, parcel, parse, portion, apart, 
apartment, apportion, bipartite, compait- 
ment, copartner, counterpart, d. part, depart- 
ment, departure, dispart, disparted, dispro- 
portion, disproportional, impart, impartial, 
impartiality, proportion, proportionable, 
proportional, tripartite, &o. 

Pasco, to feed. Pastor, pastoral, pasture, 
pasturage, antepast, repast, dec. 

Passus, a pace or step. Pace, pass, pass- 
able, passage, en passant, passenger, pass- 
over, passport, past, pastime, compass, en- 
compass, impassable, repass, surpass, tres- 
pass, &c. 

Pater, a father. Paternal, paternity, 
patriarch, patriarchal or patriarchic, patri- 
cian, patrimony, patron, patroness, patron- 
age, patronize, patronymic, parricide, parri- 
cidal, pater-nostvr, &c. 

Patior, to suffer ; passus, suffered. Pa,- 
tience, patient, passion, passionless, passion- 
ate, passive, passiveness, compassion, com- 
passionate, dispassionate, impatience, impa- 
tient, un impassioned, &c. 

Patria, one's country, fatherland. Par 
triot, patriotism, patriotic, compatriot, ex- 
patriate, expatriation. 

Pauper, poor. Pauper, pauperism, po- 
verty, poor, empoverish or impoverish, &c. 

Pax (pacis), peace. Pacify, pacific, paci- 
fication, pacificator, peace, peaceable, peace- 
ableness, peaceful, peacefulness, appease, 
appeasable, &c. 

Pecco, to sin ; pecatus, sinned. Pecca- 
ble, peccadillo, peccancy, peccant, impecca- 
ble, impeccability, &c. 

Pello, to drive, to thrust. Compel, com- 
pulsion, compulsive, compulsory, dispel, ex- 
pel, expulsive, expulsion, impel, impulse, 



* Peer. Thi3 term has been applied to the no- 
bility, because, though they may differ in rank or 
degree, their essential privileges are equal. 

t Compare is from comparo, to make equal with; 
to liken to. 

$ Disparage. To make unequal to ; to injure fay 
comparison with something of less value. 

§ Peer is an abbreviation of appear. 



lxxir 



DERIVATION. 



impulsive, propel, propulsion, pulse, pulsa- 
tion, repel, repellent, repulse, repulsion, re- 
pulsive, repulsiveness, &c. 

Pendeo, to hang down. Pendant, pen- 
dent, pending, pendulum, pendulous, pen- 
Rant, pensile, append, appendage, appen- 
dix, depend, dependence, dependency, de- 
pendent, impend, impending, independence, 
independently, independent, perpendicular, 
perpendicularity, prepense, propensity, sus- 
pend, suspense, suspension, vilipend, &c. 

Pent>o, to hang weights, to weigh, to pay. 
Perpend, compensate, compensation, dis- 
pense, dispensary, dispensation, expend, ex- 
penditure, expense, expensive, indispensa- 
ble, pensive, pension, recompense, unpen- 
sioned, &c. 

Penetro, to pierce or enter. Penetrable, 
penetrability, penetrant, penetration, im- 
penetrable, impenetrability, &c. 

Penitet, to repent. Penitence, penitent, 
penitential, penitentiary, penitency, impeni- 
tent, impenitence, impenitency, repent, re- 
pentance, repentant, unrepenting, &c. 

Persona, a mask used by players ; a 
person. Person, personal, personate, per- 
sonation, personator, personify, personifica- 
tion, impersonal, impersonality, &c. 

Pes (pedis), the foot. Pedal, pedestal, 
pedestrian, pedicular, pedigree, cap-a-pie, 
expediency, expedient, expedite, expedi- 
tion, expeditious, impede, impediment, in- 
expediency, inexpedient, biped, multiped, 
quadruped, &e. 

Pestis, a plague, pestilence. Pest, pester, 
pestiferous, pestilence, pestilent, pestilen- 
tial, &c. 

Peto, to seek, to ask ; petitus, asked. 
Petition, petitioner, appetence, appetency, 
appetite, centripetal, compatible,* compati- 
bility, compete, competence, competency, 
competent, competitor, impetus, impetuous, 
impetuousness, impetuosity, incompatible, 
incompatibility, incompetency, incompetent, 
repeat, repeater, repeatedly, repetition, &c. 

Pilo, to pillage, to pilfer. Pilfer, pil- 
ferer, pillage, compile,! compiler, compila- 
tion. &c. 

Pingo, to paint ; pictus, painted. Paint, 
painter, painting, Picts,:t pictorial, picture, 
picturesque, pigment, depict, impaint, im- 
pietured, &c. 

Piscis, a fish. Piscatory, pisces, piscine, 
piscivorous, porpoise, § &c. 

Pius, pious. Piety, pious, impiety, im- 
pious, ira piousness, &c. 

Placeo, to please; placitus, pleased. 
Placid, placidity, placidness, please, plea- 
sant, pleasantry, pleasure, pleasurable, com- 
placence, complacency, complacent, com- 



* Compatible Is a corruption of competirle, which, 
savs Dr. Johnson, "is found in good writers, and 
ought always to be used." Compatibl" is properly 
applied to any object which maybe sought consistent 
<oith our duty. 

•f compile, to pick out parts or passages from other 
writers. 

% Picts, so called, it is said, from their custom of 
oaivtinri their bodies. 

§ Porpoise is from the French porc-poisson, that 
Is, thefisli or oea hog. 



plaisant, displease, displeasure, unpleasant^ 
unpleasantness, &c. 

Placo, to appease, to pacify. Placable, 
placableness, placability, implacable, im- 
placableness, implacability, &c. 

PL4NGO, to complain. Plaint, plaintiff, 
plaintive, plain tiveness, complain, complain- 
ant, complaint, uncomplaining, &o. 

Planus, plain, level, evident. Plain, a 
plain, plainness, plain-dealing, plain-work, 
a plane, to plane, planisphere, explain, ex- 
plainable, explanation, explanatory, inex- 
plainable, &e. 

Plaudo, to praise by clapping the hands. 
Plaudit, plausible, plausibleness, plausr 
bility, applaud, applause, explode, explo- 
sion, &c. 

Plecto, to twist, to knit ; plexus, twist- 
ed. Complex, complexity, complexness, 
complexion,* complexional, perplex, per- 
plexity, &c. 

Plenus, full. Plenary, plenipotentiary, 
plenitude, plenty, plenteous, plenteousness, 
plentiful, plentifulness, plenum, replenish, 
unreplenished, &c. 

Pleo, to fill; pletus, filled. Pleonasm, 
pleonastic, accomplish, accomplishment, 
complement, com piemen tal, complete, com- 
pleteness, completion, depletion, expletion, 
expletive, implement, incomplete, manipu- 
lation, replete, repletion, supplement, sup- 
plemental, supplementary, supply, unaccom- 
plished, unsupplied, &o. 

Plico, to fold, to bend ; plicatus, folded. 
Pliable, pliability, pliancy, pliant, pliant- 
ness, ply, pliers,! apply, appliance, appli- 
cable, applicability, applicant, application, 
complicate, complicated, complication, com- 
ply, compliance, compliant, complying, dis- 
play, double, duplicate, duplicity, explicit, 
explicitness, imply, implicated, implicit, 
implicitness, inapplicable, inexplicable, 
misapply, misapplication, multiply, qua- 
druple, quintuple, redouble, reply, simple, 
simpleton, simplicity, simplify, suppliant, 
supplicate, supplication, supplicant, triple, 
treble, &c. 

Ploro, to wail, to weep ; ploratus, de- 
plored. Deplore, deplorable, deplorable- 
ness, explore,:): exploratory, implore, unex- 
plored, &c. 

Plumbum, lead. Plumb, plumber, plum- 
met, plumbago, &c. 

Plus (pluris), more. Plural, pluralist, 
plurality, pluperfect, overplus, surplus, sur- 
plusage, &c. 

Pcena, punishment. Penal, penalty, pe- 
nance, pain, painful, painless, painstaker, 
sub-pccna, &c. 

Pondus (ponderis), weight. Ponderous, 
ponderousness, ponder, pound, pounder, 
preponderance, preponderate, poise, coun- 
terpoise, equipoise, overpoise, &o. 



* COirtplexion , primarily meant the whole com/pli- 
cation or composition of the parts — the general ap- 
pearance ; but it now means the hue or color of the 
skin. 

| f Pliers, an instrument by which any thing ma? 

I be seized and bent. 

J J Explore, to search for earnestly; properly, witla 

I sorrowing and tear*. 



LATIN AND GREEK ROOTS. 



lxxv 



Powo, to place or put down ; positus, 
placed. Pose, posited, position, post, post- 
age, postpone, postponement, posture, ap- 
posite, apposition, apropos,* component, com- 
pose, composer, composedly, composition, 
composite, compositor, compost, composure, 
compound, decompose, decomposition, de- 
compound, deponent, depose, deposit, de- 
positary, depository, deposition, depot, dis- 
compose, dispose, disposable, disposal, dis- 
position, exponent, expose, exposition, ex- 
posure, expound, expounder, impose, impo- 
sition, impost, impostor, imposture, indis- 
pose, indisposition, interpose, interposal, in- 
terposition, opponent, oppose, opposition, 
preoompose, predispose, predisposition, pre- 
position, presuppose, proposal, propound, 
provost, purpose, repose, repository, sup- 
pose, supposable, supposal, supposition, 
transpose, transposition, uncompounded, un- 
opposed. &o. 

Populus, the people. Populace, popular, 
popularize, popularity, populate, popula- 
tion, populous, populousness, public, pub- 
lican, publication, publicity, publish, pub- 
lisher, depopulate, depopulation, people, un- 
people, republic, republican, republish, un- 
popular, &o. 

Porcus, a hog. Pork, porker, porcine, 
porcupine, porpoise, <fec. 

Porto, to bear or carry. For the deriva- 
tives of this word, a«e page Ixv. 

Posse, to be ahle ; potens (potentis), 
able, powerful. Posse, t possible, possibi- 
lity, impossible, impossibility, potent, po- 
tency, impotent, impotency, potentate, po- 
tential, potentiality, omnipotence, omnipo- 
tent, plenipotentiary, puissance, puissant, 
puissant! y, &o. 

Post, after, behind ; posterus, after. 
Postpone, posterior, posteriors, posterity, 
postern, preposterous, preposterousness, &c. 

Postulo, to demand or ask. Postulant, 
postulate, postulation, postulatum, expostu- 
late, expostulation, &c. 

Poto, to drink. Potable, potation, po- 
tion, compotation, &c. 

Pr^eda, prey, booty, plunder. Preda- 
tory, depredation, depredator, prey, &c. 

Pr kcor, to pray or entreat ; precatus, 
entreated. Precarious, % precariousness, de- 
precate, deprecation, imprecate, impreca- 
tion, pray, prayer, &o. 

Prehendo, to take hold of, to seize; 
PREHE.vsus, seized. Apprehend, apprehen- 
tion, apprehensive, apprentice, apprise, com- 
prehend, comprehensible, comprehension, 
comprehensive, comprehensiveness, com- 
prise, comprisal, enterprise, impregnable, 
imprison, incomprehensible, misapprehend, 
prehensile, prison, prisoner, prize, repre- 
hend, reprehension, reprehensive, reprisal, 
surprise, surprisal, unapprised, &c. 



* Apropos, that Is, to the purpose, seasonably ; 
pronounced apropo. 

f Posse, as in "posse comitatus," the power or 
force of the county. 

t Precarious is properly applied to a thing that 
cannot he obtained or granted without prayers or 
■entreaties ; and h?nce, depending on the will of an- 
other; uncertain. 



Premo, to force or press ; pressus, 
pressed. See page Ixv. 

Pretium, a price, worth. Precious, pre- 
ciousness, price, prize, praise, appraise, ap- 
praisement, appreciate, appeciable, depre- 
ciate, depreciation, unappreciated, &c. 

Primus, first. Prime, primed, primer, 
priming, primeval, primitive, primogeni- 
ture, primrose, primacy, primate, premier, 
prior, prioress, prior, priority, pristine, im- 
primis, &c. From this root and capio, come 
prince, principal, principle, principia, &c. 

Privus, one's own, not public. Privacy, 
private, privateer, privilege, privy, privity, 
deprive, deprivation, privative, &c. 

Probo, to prove, to try ; probatus, prov' 
ed. Probable, probability, probate, proba- 
tion, probationary, probe, probity, proof, 
prove, approve, approver, approval, appro- 
bation, disapprobation, disapprove, disprov- 
able, disproof, improbable, improbability, 
improbity, improve, improvement, improv- 
able, reprobate, reprove, reproof, unimprov- 
ed, unproved, &c. 

Propago (propagTnis), a shoot or branch, 
offspring. Propagate, propagation, propa- 
gator, propagandism, propagandist, &c. 

Prope, near ; proxLmus, nearest. Pro- 
pinquity, proximate, proximity, approach, 
approximate, approximation, unapproach- 
able, &c. Proprius, one's own, peculiar, 
fit. Proper, propriety, proprietor, appro- 
priate, appropriator, improper, impropriety, 
unappropriated, &c. 

Propitio, to appease, to atone. Propiti- 
ate, propitiator, propitiation, propitious, 
propitiousness, unpropitious, &o. 

Pungo, to point or prick ; punctus, prick- 
ed. Pungent, pungency, punctual, punctu- 
ality, punctilio, punctilious, punctiliousness, 
punctuate, punctuation, puncture, compunc- 
tion, compunctious, expunge, poignancy, 
poignant, point, &o. 

Punio, to punish ; punittjs, punished. 
Punish, punishment, punishable, punitive, 
punitory, impunity, &o. 

PtXRGO, to cleanse, to purify ; purgatus, 
purified. Purge, purgation, purgatory, pur- 
gatorial or purgatorian, compurgation, com- 
purgator, expurgated, &o. 

Purus, pure. Pure, pureness, purity, 
purist, puritan, puritanical, puritanic, purify, 
purifier, purification, impure, impurity, un- 
purified, &c. 

Puto, to lop or prune ; also, to think, to 
compute. Putative, amputate, amputation, 
compute, computation, depute, deputation, 
deputy, dispute, disputable, disputant, dis- 
repute, impute, imputation, indisputable, 
repute, reputation, count, account, account- 
able, discount, recount, &o. 

Quadra, a figure having four sides, a 
square. Quadrant, quadrate, quadratic, 
quadrature, quadrennial, quadrangle, qua- 
drangular, quadrilateral, quadrille.quadroon, 
quadruped, quadruple, quart, quarter, quar- 
tern, quarto, squadron, squad, square, &c. 

Qu<ero, to seek ; Qu#:srrus, sought. 

Query, quest, question, questionable, ac- 

: quire, acquirable, acquirement, acquisition, 

I acquisitive, conquer, conquest, exquisite. 



Hxxvi 



DERIVATION. 



inquest, inquire, inquiry, inquisition, inqui- 
sitional, inquisitor, inquisitorial, perquisite, 
require, requirement, request, requisite, un- 
acquired, &c. 

Quabis, of what kind, such. Quality, 
qualify, qualification, disqualify, disqualifi- 
cation, &c. 

Quantus, how great, as much as. Quan- 
tum, quantity. Quot, how many, so many 
as. Quota, quotidian, quotient, aliquot. &c. 

Queror, to complain. Querulous, queru- 
lousness, quarrel, quarrelsome, &c. 

Quies (quiEtis), quiet, ease, peace. Quiet, 
quietness, quietude, quietus, quiescent, qui- 
escence, acquiesce, acquiescence, acquies- 
cent, disquiet, inquietude, unquiet, &c. 

Quinque, „/?#£. Quinary, quincunx, quin- 
quereme, quintessence, quintuple, &c. 

Radius, the spoke of a wheel, the semi- 
diameter of a circle, a beam or ray of light. 
Radiate, radiation, radiance, radiancy, radi- 
ant, ray, eradiate, irradiate, &c. 

Radix (radiois), a root. Radical, radix, 
radish, eradicate, &c. 

Rado, to shave, to scrape ; rasus, scrap- 
ed. Rase, raze, razor, rasure, razure, rasher, 
abrade, abrasion, erase, erasion, erasure, &c. 

Ranceo, to be rancid. Rancid, rancid- 
ness, rancor, rancorous, rank, rankness, 
rankle, &c. 

Rapio, to snatch or carry away by force ; 
RAptus, snatched. Rape, rapacious, rapa- 
ciousness, rapacity, rapt, rapture, rapturous, 
rapid, rapidness, rapidity, rapine, ravage, 
enrapture, &c. 

Rarus, rare, thin, scarce. Rare, rare- 
ness, rarely, rarefy, rarefaction, rarity, ra- 
reeshow, &c. 

Rego, to rule or govern; also, to make 
straight or right; rectus, ruled. Regent, 
regency, regimen, regiment, regimental, re- 
gimentals, region, regnant, regular, regulate, 
regulation, regulator, correct, correction, 
correctional, corrective, correctness, corri- 
gible, direct, directness, direction, directory, 
erect, erection, erectness, incorrect, incorri- 
gible, indirect, irregular, irregularity, misdi- 
rect, rectangle, rectify, rectilineal or recti- 
linear, rectitude, rector, rectory, rectorial, 
right, righteous, upright, &c. 

Reor, to think, to judge ; ratus, think- 
ing, judging. Rate, ratable, ratify, ratifi- 
cation, ratio, rationale, rational, rationality, 
irrational, reason, reasonable, overrate, un- 
derrate, &c. 

Res, a thing. Real, reality, realize, re- 
alist, &c. 

Rete, a net. Reticle, reticule, reticular, 
reticulated, reticulation, retina, &c. 

Rideo, to laugh, to laugh at ; Risus, 
laughed. Ridicule, ridiculous, ridiculous- 
ness, deride, derision, derisive, &c. 

Rigeo, to be stiff with cold, to be rigid. 
Rigid, rigidity, rigidness. rigor, rigorous, &c. 

Rivus, a stream, a river. River, rivulet, 
derive, derivable, derivation, derivative, &c. 

Robur (roboris), strength, Robust, ro- 
bustness, corroborate, corroboration, &c. 

Rodo, to gnaw ; rosos, gnawed. Cor- 
rode, corrosion, corrosive, corrosiveness, &c. 

Rogo, to ask ; rogatus, asked. Roga- 



tion, abrogate, abrogation, arrogancy, arro- 
gate, arrogant, derogate, derogation, deroga- 
tory, interrogate, interrogation, interrogative, 
prerogative, prorogue, prorogation, superero- 
gate, supererogation, supererogatory, surro- 
gate, &c. 

Rota, a wheel. Rotary or rotatory, rotate, 
rotation, rote, routine, rotund, rotundity, 
rotundo, &e. 

Ruber, red. Rubicund, rubicundity, ru- 
bric, ruby, &c. 

Rudis, untaught, rough. Rude, rude- 
ness, rudiment, rudimental, erudite, erudi- 
tion, &c. 

Ruimpo, to break, to burst ; ruptus, bro~ 
ken. Rupture, ruption, abrupt, abruptness, 
abruption, bankrupt, bankruptcy, corrupt, 
corruptible, corruptibility, corruption, cor- 
ruptive, corruptness, disruption, eruption, 
eruptive, interrupt, interruption, irruption, 
uncorrupt, uncorruptible, &c. 

Rus (ruris), the country. Rural, rural- 
ness, rustic, rusticity, rusticate, &e. 

Sacer, sacred or holy. Sacrament, sacra- 
mental, sacred, sacredness, sacrifice, sacrifi- 
cial, sacrilege, sacrilegious, sacerdotal, sa- 
cristan, sacristy, consecrate, consecration, 
desecrate, desecration, execrate, execration, 
execrable, &c. 

Sabio, to leap, to jump ; sabtus, leaped. 
Salient, sally, salmon, saltant, assail, assail- 
able, assailant, assault, desultory, exult, ex- 
ultation, insult, result, unassailable, <Scc. 

Sabus (sabutis), safety, health. Salu- 
brity, salubrious, salutary, salute, salutation, 
&c. Sabvus, safe. Salve, salvage, salver 
salvo, save, savings-bank, safe, safety, &c. 

Sanctus, made holy, sacred. Sanctify, 
sanctification, sanctimony, sanctimonious, 
sanction, sanctity, sanctuary, saint, &c. 

Sanguis (sanguinis), blood. Sanguinary, 
sanguine, sanguineous, consanguinity, con- 
sanguineous, cousin,* ensanguined, &c. 

Sanus, sound, in health. Sanitary, sane, 
sanity, insane, insanity, &c. : Sano, to heal, 
to cure. Sanatory, sanative, &c. 

Sapio. to savor or taste of, to know, to be 
wise. Sapience, sapient, sapor, savor, sa- 
vory, insipid, insipidity, unsavory, unsavori- 
ness, &c. 

Satis, enough. Sate, satiate, satiety, 
satisfy, satisfaction, satisfactory, dissatisfy, 
dissatisfied, insatiable, insatiableness, un- 
sated, unsatisfied, &c. 

Scando, to climb, to mount ; scansus, 
climbed. Ascend, ascent, ascension, de- 
scend, descendant, descent, condescend, 
condescension, re-ascend, transcend, &c. 

Scindo, to cut ; scissus, cut. Abscind, 
rescind, scissors, &c. 

Scio, to know. Science, scientific, scio- 
lism, sciolist, conscience, conscientious, con- 
scientiousness, conscious, consciousness, om- 
niscience, omniscient, prescience, prescient, 
unconscious, &c. 

Scribo, to write ; scriptus, written. 
Scribe, scribble, scrip, scripture, scriptural, 
ascribe, circumscribe, circumscription, con- 



* Cousin. From consanguincus ; that is, of the 
same blood. 



LATIN AND GREEK ROOTS. 



lxxvii 



acript, conscription, describe, description, 
descriptive, escritoir, inscribe, inscription, 
manuscript, nondescript, prescribe, prescrip- 
tion, prescriptive, proscribe, proscription, 
rescript, subscribe, subscription, superscribe, 
superscription, transcribe, transcript, tran- 
scription, &c. 

Seco, to cut ; sectus, cut. Secant, sect, 
sectarian, sectary, section, sectional, sector, 
segment, bisect, dissect, insect, intersect, 
trisect, venesection, &c. 

Sedeo, to sit ; sessus, sat. Sedentary, 
sediment, sedulous, sedulity, sess, session, 
sessional, assess, assessment, assessor, assi- 
duous, assiduousness, assiduity, assize, insi- 
dious,* insidiousness, preside, presidency, 
president, reside, residence, resident, resi- 
duum, residuary, subside, subsidize, sub- 
sidy,! subsidiary, supersede, supersedeas, 
siege, besiege, &c. 

Sentio, to think, to feel, to perceive; 
sensus, felt, perceived. Sensation, sense, 
sensible, sensibility, sensitive, sensorium, 
sensual, sensualist, sentient, sentence, sen- 
tentious, sentiment, sentimental, sentinel, 
sentry, assent, consent, dissent, dissension, 
dissentient, insensible, insensibility, non- 
sense, nonsensical, presentiment, resent, re- 
sentment, &c. 

SepAro, to separate, to sever ; separa- 
tus, separated. Separate, separable, sepa- 
ration, separatist, sever, several, insepara- 
ble, <fec. 

Septem, seven. September, septennial, 
&c. Sec Octo. 

Sequor, to follow; secutus, followed. 
Sequence, sequent, sequel, sequacious, con- 
secutive, consequence, consequent, conse- 
quential, ensue, execute, execution, execu- 
tioner, executive, executor, persecute, per- 
secution, prosecute, prosecution, pursue, pur- 
suance, pursuant, pursuit, pursuivant, subse- 
quence, subsequent, sue, suit, suitor, suita- 
ble, unexecuted, &c. 

Sero, to connect, to weave, to join in a 
rank or row ; sertus, ivoven, joined in or- 
der. Assert, assertion, desert, desertion, 
deserter, dissertation, insert, insertion, se- 
ries, seriatim, sermon, sermonize, &c. 

Servio, to be a slave, to serve. Serve, 
service, serviceable, servile, servility, servi- 
tude, serf, deserve, disserve, disservice, dis- 
serviceable, subserviency or subservience, 
subservient, undeserved, &c. 

Servo, to keep, to save ; servatus, pre- 
served. Conserve, con'serve, conservative, 
conservator, conservatory, observe, observer, 
observance, observant, preserve, preserva- 
tive, reserve, reservation, unobservant, &e. 

Sex, six. Sexennial, sextant, sextile, &c. 

Signum, a mark, a sign. Sign, signal, 
signalize, signature, signet, signify, signifi- 
cance, signiheancy, significant, signification, 
assign, assignee, assignation, assignment, 
consign, consignment, design, designate, in- 
signia, insignificance, insignificant, resign, 
resignation, &c. 

* Insidious. Prooerly, lying in wait for; and 
hence, treacherous. 

} Subsidy. Literally, a sitting under, or near, for 
the purpose of aiding. 



Silva, a wood. Silvan, Pennsylvania, 
savage, savageness. &c. 

Siiuilis, like. Simile, similar, similarity, 
similitude, simulate, assimilate, dissemble, 
dissimilar, dissimilarity, dissimilitude, dis- 
simulation, fac-simile, &c. 

SiNGur.us, one, single. Single, single- 
ness, singular, singularity, &c. 

Sinus, a bay, the bosom. Sinuate, sinu- 
ous, sinuosity, insinuate, insin-aatioii, &c. 

Sisto, to make to stand. Absist, assist, 
assistance, assistant, consistence, consist- 
ency, consistent, consistory, desist, incon- 
sistence, inconsistency, inconsistent, irresis- 
tible, non-resistance, persist, resist, resist- 
ance, resistible, resistless, subsist, subsist- 
ence, &c. 

Socius, a companion, an associate. Soci- 
able, sociableness, sociability, social, society, 
associate, association, dissocial, dissociate, 

Sol, tbe sun. Solar, solary, solstice, sol- 
stitial, &c. 

Solid us, firm, solid. Solder, solid, soli- 
dity, consols.* consolidate, insolidity, uncon- 
solidated, &c. 

Solor, to comfort, to solace; solatus, 
solaced. Solace, console, consolation, con- 
solatory, disconsolate, inconsolable, uncon- 
soled, die. 

Solus, alone, single. Sole, solely, solo, 
solitary, solitude, soliloquy, soliloquize, de- 
solate, desolation, &c. 

Solvo, to loose, to free, to melt ; solu- 
tus, loosed. Solve, solvency, solvent, solv- 
ible or solvable, solution, absolve, absolute, 
absolution, dissoluble, dissolve, dissolvent, 
dissolvable, dissolute, dissolution, indissolv- 
able, insoluble, insolubility, insolvency, in- 
solvent, irresolute, irresolution, resolve, re- 
solution, soluble, solubility, unabsolved, 
undissolved, &c. 

Somnus, sleep. Somnambulist, somnam- 
bulism, somnific, somniferous, somnolence, 
somnolent, &c. 

Sonus, a sound. Sonorous, sonata, son- 
net, consonant, dissonance, dissonant, re- 
sonant, sound, resound, &c. 

Sorbeo, to suck in. Absorb, absorbent, 
absorption, unabsorbed, &c. 

Sors tsoRTisi, lot, sort, kind. Sort, sort- 
able, sortie, f assort, assortment, consort, re- 
sort, &c. 

Spargo, to scatter, to bespatter ; spar- 
sus, scattered. Sparse, asperse, aspersion, 
disperse, dispersion, intersperse, &c. 

Specio, to see, to look; specxus, seen. 
Species, special, specific, specification, spe- 
cify, specimen, specious, speciousness, spec- 
tacle, spectator, spectre, spectrum, specu- 
lum, speculate, speculation, speculative, 
speculator, spy, aspect, auspices, auspicious, 
circumspect, circumspectness, conspicuous, 
despicable, despise, despite, disrespect, espe- 
cial, espy, inspect, inspection, inspector, ir- 
respective, perspective, perspicuity, perspi- 
cuous, prospect, prospective, prospectus, re- 
spect, respectable, respectability, retrospect, 



•f Sortie is an issuing or sallying out of troops from 
a besieged place, to attack the besieger*. 



lzxviii 



DERIVATION. 



retrospective, retrospection, suspect, suspi- 
cion, suspicious, &c. 

Spero, to hope; speratus, hoped. Des- 
pair, desperado, desperate, desperation, pros- 
per, prosperity, prosperous, &c. 

Spirq, to breathe ; spiratus, breathed. 
Spiracle, spirit, spright or sprite, sprightly, 
sprightliness, aspire, aspirate, aspiration, 
conspire, conspiracy, dispirit, expire, expi- 
ration, inspire, inspiration, perspire, perspi- 
ration, respire, respiration, transpire, unas- 
piring, &c. 

Splendeo, to shine. Splendid, splen- 
dour, resplendent, transplendent, &c. 

Spolium, booty, spoil. Spoil, spoiler, 
spoliation, despoil, &c. 

Spondeo, to promise ; sponsus, promised. 
Sponsor, correspond, correspondence, corre- 
spondent, despond, despondence, irresponsi- 
ble, irresponsibility, responsive, spouse, 
espouse. 

Sterno, to spread, to throw down, or to 
lay flat ; stratus, spread. Stratum, strata, 
street, stratify, consternation, prostrate, 
prostration, substratum, unstratified, &c. 

Stilla, a drop. Still, distill, distiller, 
distillation, distillery, instill, &c. 

Stimulus, a goad or spur. Stimulate, 
stimulant, stimulation, stimulator, &e. 

Stinguo, to prick, to mark, to distin- 
guish ; STtNCTUS, marked. Distinguish, 
distinguishable, distinct, distinction, dis- 
tinctive, extinguish, extinguisher, extinct, 
extinction, indistinct, indistinguishable, in- 
stinct, instinctive, &c. 

Sto, to stand; status, stood. Stable, 
a stable, stability, stamen or stamina, stanch, 
stanchion, stand, standard, stanza, status, 
state, stateliness, statement, statics, station, 
stationary, stationery, statistics, statue, sta- 
tuary, statute, stay, staid, stays, stead, stead- 
fast, steady, steadiness, armistice, arrest, 
circumstance, constable,* constant, consti- 
tute, constituent, constitution, constitutional, 
contrast, destitute, distance, establish, ex- 
tant, instant, instead, institute, interstice, 
obstinacy, rest, restiff or restive, restitution, 
solstice, substance, unstable, &c. 

Stringo, to bind ; strictus, bound. Strain, 
strainer, strict, strictness, stricture, astrin- 
gent, constrictor, constrain, constraint, re- 
strain, restraint, restrict, restriction, restrict- 
ive, strait, unrestricted, &c. 

Struo, to build ; structus, built. Struc- 
ture, construe, construct, construction, con- 
structive, constructive, destroy, destroyer, 
destruction, destructible, destructive, de- 
struetiveness, indestructible, instruct, in- 
struction, instructive, instructor, instrument, 
instrumental, instrumentality, misconstrue, 
misconstruction, obstruct, obstruction, ob- 
structive, substruction, substructure, super- 
struetion, superstructure, &c. 

Stijdeo, to study. Student, study, studi- 
ed, studious, &.c. 

Stupeo, to be stupid, to be tost in won- 
der. Stupid, stupidity, stupor, stupendous, 
stupefy, &c. 



* Constable originally meant an officer who had 
ihjirge of the royal stud — eomes stabuli. 



Suadeo, to persuade ; suasus, persuaded. 
Suasion, suasive, dissuade, dissuasion, dis- 
suasive, persuade, persuasion, persuasive, 
persuasively, &c. 

Sudo, to sweat. Sudorific, exude. or ex- 
sude, exudation, exuded, sweat, &c. 

Summa, a sum, the whole or highest 
amount. Sum, summary, summit, con- 
summate, consum'mate, consummation, &c. 

Sumo, to take; sumptus, taken. As- 
sume, assumpsit, assumption, consumable, 
consume, consumer, consumption, consump- 
tive, consumptiveness, presume, presump- 
tion, presumptive, presumptuous, presump*. 
tuousness, resume, resumable, resumption, 
unassuming, &o. 

Surgo, to rise, to lift up ; surrectus, 
raised up. Surge, insurgent, insurrection, 
insurrectionary, resurrection, &e. 

Tabula, a board or plank, a table. Tab- 
lature, table, tablet, tabular, tabulate, &c. 

Taceo, to be silent. Tacit, taciturn, ta- 
citurnity, &c. 

Tango, to touch ; tactus, touched. Tan- 
gent, tangible, tangibility, tact, taction, at- 
tain, attainable, attainment, contact, conta- 
gion, contagious, contiguity, contiguous, con- 
tingence or contingency, contingent, integer, 
integrant, integral, integrity, entire, &c. 

Tardus, slow, dilatory. Tardy, tardi- 
ness, retard, retardation, retardment, &c. 

Tego, to cover ; tectus, covered. Tegu- 
ment, tegular, tile, detect, detection, integu- 
ment, protect, protection, protective, pro- 
tector, &c. 

Tejunto, to despise ; temptus, contemned. 
Contemn, contempt, contemptible, contemp- 
tuous, &c. 

Tempero, to temper, to mix, to moderate. 
Temper, temperament, temperance, tem- 
perate, temperateness, temperature, attem- 
per, distemper, intemperate, intemperate- 
ness, &c. 

Tewpus (tempSris), time. Temporal, 
temporalities, temporary, temporize, con- 
temporaneous or cotemporaneous, contem- 
porary or cotemporary, extemporaneous, ex- 
temporary, extempore, &c. 

Tendo, to stretch, to strive ; tentus or 
tensus, stretched. Tend, tendency, tendei 
[to offer), tense, tenseness, tension, tent, 
tenter-hook, attend, attendance, attendant, 
attention, attentive, contend, contention, 
contentious, contentiousness, distend, dis- 
tension, extend, extension, extensive, ex- 
tent, inattention, inattentive, intend, in- 
tense, in tenseness, intensity, intensive, in- 
tent, intention, obtend, ostensible, ostensive, 
ostentatious, ostentation, portend, portent,* 
portentous, pretend, rjretence, subtend, su- 
perintend, superintendent, &c. 

Teneo, to hold ; tentus, held. Tenable, 
tenacious, tenacity, tenancy, tenant, te- 
nantry, tenement, tenet, tenon, tenor, tenure, 
abstain, abstinence, abstinent, appertain, ap- 
purtenance, contain, content, contentment, 
continence, continenev, continent, conti- 



* Portent. Every thins out of the ordinary i 
of nature was regarded by the Romans as a divine 
warning; and henee the terms POBTiiNT, monstrb., 
and pkodioy. 



LATIN AND GREEK. ROOTS. 



lxxix 



nental, continue, continual, continuance, 
continuation, continuity, continuous, coun- 
tenance,* detain, detention, discontent, dis- 
contentment, discontinue, discontinuance, 
discountenance, entertain, entertainment, 
impertinence, impertinent, incontinent, lieu- 
tenant, maintain, maintenance, obtain, ob- 
tainable, pertain, pertinacious, pertinacity. 
pertinent, retain, retainer, retention, reten- 
tive, retinue, sustain, sustenance, untenable, 
unsustained, &c. 

Tento, to try, to attempt. Tempt, temp- 
tation, tentative, attempt, unattempted, &c 

Tenuis, thin., slender. Tenuity, attenu- 
ate, attenuated, extenuate, extenuation, &c. 

Terminus, a limit or boundary. Termi- 
nus, term, terminable, terminate, termina- 
tion, conterminous, determine, determinate, 
interminable, predetermine, &c. 

Tero, to rub, to wear by rubbing ; tri- 
Tus, rubbed, worn out. Trite, triteness, 
triturate, attrition, contrite, detriment, de- 
trimental, detrition, detritus, &c. 

Terra, the earth. Terrace, terraqueous, 
terrene, terrestrial, terrier, t territory, inter, 
interment, disinter, disinterment, Mediter- 
ranean, subterranean, &c. 

Terreo, to frighten. Terror, terrible, 
terrify, terrific, deter, undeterred, &c. 

Testis, a witness. Test, testament, tes- 
tamentary, testator, testatrix, testify, testi- 
monial, testimony, attest, attestation, con- 
test, X detest, detestable, detestation, incon- 
testable, intestate, protest, protestation, un- 
attested, &c. 

Texo, to weave; textus, woven. Text, 
textual, textualist, texture, context, con- 
texture, pretext, &c. 

Timko, t<> fear. Timid, timidity, timo- 
rous, intimidate, intimidation, &c. 

Tingo, to tinge, to stain ; tinctus, tinged. 
Tinge, tincture, tint, taint, attainder, attaint, 
attainted, mezzotinto, untainted, &c. 

Titulus, a title, an inscription. Title, 
titular, titulary, disentitle, entitle, &c. 

Toi.kro, to bear or suffer. Tolerable, 
tolerance, tolerant, tolerate, toleration, in- 
tolerable, intolerance, intolerant, &c. 

Torpeo, to be torpid, or void of feeling. 
Torpedo, torpescent, torpid, torpidity, tor- 
por, &c. 

Torqu eo, to twist ; tortus, twisted. Tort, 
torso, tortile, tortoise, torture, torment, tor- 
tuous, contortion, distort, distortion, extort, 
extortion, extortioner, retort, &o. 

Totus, whole, all. Total, totally, totality, 
factotum, surtout, &c. 

Trado, to deliver, to hand down ; tradi- 
tus, handed over. Tradition, traditional, 
traditionary, traitor, traitorous, treason, trea- 
sonable, &c. 

Traho, to draw; tractus, drawn. Trace, 
traceable, track, tract, tractable, traction, 
trail, train, abstract, abstraction, attract, at- 



« Countenance (from continkns), the contents of 
the face ; the whole features-; taken together. 

t Terrier is a dog that follows his game under 
{ten-a) ground. 

i Contestis properly, to contend at law; the wit- 
ncs-es {testes) of both parties being brought together 
Kton), or face to face. 



tractable, attractability, attraction, attrac- 
tive, attractiveness, attractor, betray, con- 
tract, contraction, contractor, contractible, 
contractibility, detract, detraction, distract, 
distraction, distinctive, extract, extraction, 
intractable, intractability, portrait, portray, 
protract, retract, retraction, subtract, sub- 
traction, subtrahend, untractable, &c. 

Trbmo, to tremble. Tremor, tremulous, 
tremulousness, tremendous, tremble, &c. 

Tres, three. Triangle, trident, triennial, 
trilateral, trine, Trinity, Trinitarian, trio, 
tripartite, triple, treble, triplicate, trisect, 
trisyllable, triumvirate, triune, trivial,* &c. 

Tribuo, to give, to contribute. Tribute, 
tributary, attribute, attributable, contribute, 
contributory, contribution, contributor, dis- 
tribute, distribution, distributive, retribu- 
tion, retributive, &c. 

Tribus, tribe. Tribe,t tribunal, tribune, 
tribunitial, &e. 

TRiOiE, hairs or threads used to ensnare 
birds. Trick, extricate, inextricable, in- 
tricacy, intricate, intrigue, &c. 

Trudo, to thrust; trusts, thrust or push- 
ed. Abstruse, abstruseness, intrude, intru- 
sion, intrusive, obtrude, obtrusion, obtru- 
sive, protrude, protrusion, unobtrusive, &c. 

Tuber, a swelling or bump. Tuber, tu- 
bercle, tubercular, tuberose or tuberous, ex- 
tuberance, protuberance, protuberant, &c. 

Tueor, to see, to watch over, to guard, to 
instruct ; tutus, guarded. Tuition, tute- 
lage, tutelary, tutor, intuition, intuitive, un- 
tutured, &o. 

Tumeo, to swell. Tumid, tumor, tumu- 
lus, tumult, tumultuary, tumultuous, con- 
tumacy, contumacious, contumely, contume- 
lious, tumefaction, &c. 

Tundo, to beat, to bruise, to blunt. Con- 
tusion, obtuse, obtuseness, &c. 

Turra, a crowd, a disturbance. Turbid, 
turbulence, turbulent, disturb, disturbance, 
imperturbable, perturbation, perturbed-, 
trouble, undisturbed, &c. 

Turgeo. to swell. Turgid, turgidly, tur- 
gidness, turgidity, &c. 

Ultimus, last. Ultimate, ultimately, 
ultimatum, penultimate, penult, antepenul- 
timate, antepenult, &c. 

Umbra, a shade. Umbrage, umbrageous 
umbrella, adumbrate, penumbra, &c. 

Unda, a wave. Undulate, undulation, 
undulatory, abound, abundance, abundant, 
inundate, inundation, redound, redundancy, 
redundant, superabound, superabundance, 
superabundant, &c. 

Unguo, to anoint; unctus, anointed. 



x Trivial. From trivium, a place where three 
ways meet ; and hence, common, of little value. 

t Tribe. From tkihiis ablative of tres, three; be- 
cause the inhabitants of Rome were originally divided 
into three classes, perhaps to correspond with the 
three distinct people, namely, the Romans or follow- 
ers of Romuius, the Albans or natives, and their 
neighbours the Sabines. Hence, tribune, originally 
a magistrate set over a tribe; tribunal, the seat 
from which the tribune dispensed justice, and hence, 
a judgment-seat ; tribute, a tax or rate imposed on 
each tribe, and afterwards on every nation conquered 
by the Roman arms. Hence, also, tribuo, to give in 
tribes — to give generally ; whence contribution} retri~ 
bution, &c. 



lxsx 



DERIVATION. 



Unction, unctuous, unctuousness, unctuo- 
sity, unguent, &c. 

Unus, one. alone. Union, unique, unison, 
unit, Unitarian, unite, unity, unanimity, 
unanimous, unicorn, uniform, uniformity, 
univalve, universe, universal, universality, 
university, univocal, &c. 

Urbs, a city. Urbane, urbanity, suburbs, 
suburban, &c. 

Urgeo, to press, to force. Urge, urgency, 
urgent, urgently, &c. 

Urina, animal water. Urine, uriual, 
urinary, urea, ureter, urethra, diuretic, 
strangury, &c. 

Uro, to burn; tjstus, burnt. Adust, 
combustible, combustion, combustive, in- 
combustible, &c. 

Uxor, to use ; usus, used. Use, s., use, 
v., usage, usance, usual, usufruct, usurer, 
usury, usurious, usurp, usurper, usurpation, 
utensil, utility, utilitarian, abuse, abusive, 
disuse, disusage, inutility, misuse, peruse, 
perusal, unused, unusual, &c. 

Vacca, a cow. Vaccine, vaccinate, vacci- 
nated, vaccination, &c. 

Vaco, to be empty, to be at leisure. 
Vacancy, vacant, vacate, vacation, vacuum, 
vacuity, evacuate, evacuation, &c. 

Vado, to go; vasus, gone. Vade-me- 
cum, evade, evasion, evasive, invade, invad- 
er, invasion, pervade, wade, &c. 

Vagus, wandering. Vague, vagueness, 
vagabond, vagrant, vagrancy, vagary, extra- 
vagance, extravagancy, extravagant, &c. 

Valeo, to be well, to be strong. Vale- 
diction, valedictory, valetudinarian, valiant, 
valid, validity, valour, valorous, value, valu- 
able, valuation, valuator, avail, available, 
convalescence, convalescent, countervail, 
equivalence, equivalent, invalid, invalidity, 
invalidate, invaluable, prevail, prevalence, 
prevalent, unavailable, unavailing, &c. 

Valvje, folding doors. Valve, valvular, 
bivalve, bi valvular, univalve, &c. 

Vanus, vain, empty. Vain, vanity, va- 
nish, evanescence, evanescent, evanish, &c. 

Vapor, an exhalation, steam. Vapour, 
vaporate, vaporous, vapory, evaporate, &c. 

Varius, various, diverse. Vary, vari- 
able, variance, variation, varied, variegate, 
variety, various, invariable, unvaried, &c. 

Vastus, large, vast. Vast, vastly, vast- 
ness, vasty. Vasto, to lay waste. Devas- 
tate, devastated, devastation, waste, &c. 

Veho, to carry; vectus, carried. Vehe- 
mence, vehement, vehicle, vehicular, vete- 
rinary,* vex, f vexation, vexatious, vexatious- 
ness, convex, convexity, convey, conveyance, 
conveyancer, conveyancing, inveigle, in- 
vective, reconvey, unvexed, &c. 

Veli.o, to pull or pluck ; vulsus, plucked. 
Vellieate, vellication, convulse, convulsion, 
convulsive, convulsively, di vellieate, divul- 
sion, revulsion, &c. 

Velo, to cover with a veil; to conceal. 



* Veterinary. From veterinarhis. for jiefteterina- 
rius, properly one who cures the diseases of carriage 
or draught horses. 

f Vex. From veso, (to toss, to agitate), a frequen- 
tative of veho. 



Vail, veil, reveal, revealment, revelation, 
unveil, &c. 

Vena, a vein. Vein, veiny, venesection, 
venous, veneer,* &c. 

Vendo, to sell. Venal, venality, vend, 
vendor, vendee, vendible, vendibility, ven- 
dition, &c. 

VenSnum, poison. Venom, venomous, 
envenom, envenomed, &c. 

Veneror, to reverence, to venerate. 
Venerate, venerated, veneration, veuerable, 
venerableness, &c. 

Venio, to come to arrive; ventus, come. 
Vent, venture, venturous, venturesome, ad« 
vent, adventitious, adventure, adventurer, 
adventurous, avenue, circumvent, circumven- 
tion, circumventive, contravene, contraven- 
tion, convene, convenience, conveniency, con- 
venient, convent, conventicle, convention, 
conventional, covenant, covenanter, event, 
eventual, eventuate, inconvenience, incon- 
venient, intervene, intervent, intervention, 
invent, invention, inventive, inventor, in- 
ventory, misadventure, peradventure, pre- 
vent, prevention, preventive, revenue, super- 
vene, supervention, &c. 

Venor, to hunt. Venary, venation, ve- 
natic. venison, &c. 

Venter, the belly. Ventricle, ventrilo- 
quy, ventriloquism, ventriloquist, &c. 

Ventus, the wind. Ventilate, ventila- 
tion, ventilator, &c. 

Verbum, a word. Verb, verbal, verba- 
tim, verbiage, verbose, verbosity, adverb, 
adverbial, proverb, proverbial, &c. 

Vereor, to stand in awe of. Verecund, 
revere, reverence, reverend, reverent, reve- 
rently, reverential, irreverence, irreverent, 
irreverend, &c. 

Vergo, to tend towards, to verge. Con- 
verge, convergence, convergency, converg- 
ent, diverge, divergence, divergent, &c. 

Vermis, a worm. Vermicelli,! vermicu- 
lar, vermifuge, vermilion, ± vermin, vermi- 
nate, worm, &c. 

Verto, to turn; versus, turned. Ver- 
satile, versatility, verse, version, vertebre or 
vertebra, vertebrated, vertex, vertical, ver- 
tigo, advert, advertence, adverse, adversity, 
adversary, advertise, animadvert, animad- 
version, anniversary, avert, aversion, contro- 
vert, controvertible, controversy, controver- 
sial, controversialist, con'vert, convert', con- 
vertible, conversant, conversation, conversa- 
zione, converse, conversion, divert, divertise- 
ment, divers, diverse, diversion, diversity, 
diversify, inadvertence, inadvertency, inad- 
vertent, incontrovertible, inconvertible, in- 
vert, inverse, inversion, irreversible, malver- 
sation, obverse, pervert, pervertible, per- 
verse, perversion, perversity, revert, rever- 
sal, reverse, reversion, reversionary, reversi- 
ble, subvert, subvertivc, subversion, tergiver- 






* Veneer. To inlay with wood, so as to give the 
appearance of veins. 

t Vermicelli. Paste rolled in the form of small 
worms. 

t Vermilion. The berries of the shrub (coccus), 
with which the ancients died scarlet, are full of little 
worms or insects ; and hence the term came to de- 
note that color. 



LATIN AND GREEK ROOTS. 



Ixxxi 



sation,* transverse, traverse, universe, uni- 
versal, universality, university, divorce, vor- 
tex, <&c. 

Verus, true. Veracity, veracious, ver- 
dict, verify, verification, verisimilitude, ve- 
rity, very, verily, aver, averment, &c. 

Vestigium, a track, a footstep, a trace. 
Vestige, investigate, investigation, &c. 

Vestis, a garment or robe. Vest, vest- 
ment, vestry, vesture, divest, invest, invest- 
ment, investiture, &c. 

Vetus (veteris), old. Veteran, invete- 
rate, inveteracy, &c. 

Via, a way. Viaduct, viaticum, deviate, 
deviation, devious, obviate, obvious, pervi- 
ous, previous, trivial, undeviating, convoy, 
Voyage, way, &c. 

Vibro, to vibrate, to oscillate; vibratus, 
vibrated. Vibrate, vibration, vibratory, &c. 

Vicis (vice), a change or turn, instead of. 
Vice-versa, vice-admiral, viceroy, vicegerent, 
viscount, vicissitude, vicar, vicarage, vica- 
rial, vicarious, &c. 

Video, to see; visus, seen. Vide, vis- 
age, visard, visible, visibility, invisible, in- 
visibility, vision, visionary, visit, visitant, 
visitation, visitor, visitorial, visor, visual, 
adverse, advice, advisable, evidence, evi- 
dent, invidious, envious, envy, jurisprudence, 
provide, provider, provedore, provender, pro- 
vidence, provident, improvidence, improvi- 
dent, providential, provision, provisional, 
provisionary, proviso, prudence, prudent, 
imprudence, imprudent, prudential, purvey, 
purveyance, purveyor, revise, revisal, revi- 
sion, revisionary, revisit, supervise, super- 
vision, supervisor, survey, surveyor, unpro- 
vided, unvisited, vedette, videlicet (viz.), 
vis-a-vis, vista,f &c. 

Viduus, empty, bereft. Void, avoid, 
avoidable, devoid, unavoidable, widow, &c. 

Vigil, watchful. Vigils, vigilance, vigi- 
lant, &c. 

Vigor, strength, energy. Vigour, vigo- 
rous, invigorate, &c. 

Vilis, of no value, base. Vile, viieness, 
vilify, vilipend, revile, &c. 

Vinco, to conquer; victus, conquered. 
Vincible, victim, victor, victory, victorious, 
vanquish, vanquisher, convince, convict, 
conviction, evince, evict, eviction, invinci- 
ble, invincibility, province, provincial, un- 
vanquished, &c. 

Vindico, to revenge. Vengeance, venge- 
ful, vindicate, vindication, vindicator, vin- 
dictive, vindictiveness, avenge, avenger, re- 
venge, revengeful, &c. 

Vinum, wine. Vine, vineyard, vintage, 
vintner, vinegar,:): vinous, viny, &c. 

Violo, to injure, to violate. Violate, vio- 
lation, violator, violence, violent, inviolable, 
inviolability, inviolate, &c. 

Vir, a man. Virile, virility, virago, § de- 
cemvir, &c. 



* Tergiversation. From tergum, the bach, and 
verto, to turn. 

f Vista. A sight ; a view or prospect through 
trees. 

X Vinegar is derived from vinum and accr, sharp 
or sour. 

§ Virago. A woman who (agit) acts like {vir) a 
man. 



VirIdis, green. Verdant, verdancy, ver- 
dure, verdigris, &c. 

Virtus, bravery, any excellent quality. 
Virtue, virtuous, virtual, virtu, virtuoso, &c. 

Virus, noxious juice, poison. Virus, 
virulence, virulency, virulent, &c. 

Vitium, vice. Viciate, vitiate, vitiated, 
vice, vicious, &c. 

Vito, to shun, to avoid. Evitable, in- 
evitable, inevitability. &c. 

Vitrum, glass. Vitreous, vitrify, vitri- 
faction, vitrified, vitrescent, vitriol, &c. 

Vitupero, to blame, to abuse. Vitupe- 
rate, vituperation, vituperative, &c. 

Vivo, to live; victus, lived. Vivacity, 
vivacious, viva-voce, vivary, vivid, vividness, 
vivify, viviparous, viand, victual, victuals, 
vital, vitals, vitality, convivial, conviviality, 
revival, revive, survival, survive, survivor, 
survivorship, &c. 

Voco, to call, vocatus, called. Vocal, 
vocation, vocative, vociferate, vociferation, 
vociferous, advocacy, advocate, avocation, 
convocation, convoke, equivocal, equivocate, 
equivocation, equivocator, evoke, invocate, 
invocation, invoke, irrevocable, provoke, 
provocation, revocable, revocation, revoke 
unequivocal, unprovoked, vocable, vocabu 
lary, vouch,* avouch, vouchsafe, voucher, 
vowel, &c. 

Volo, to fiy. Volatile, volatility, volatil- 
ize, vole, volley, &c. 

Voluptas, sensuality, pleasure. Volup- 
tuary, voluptuous, voluptuousness, &c. 

Volvo, to roll; volutus, rolled. Volu- 
ble, volubility, volume, voluminous, volute, 
volution, circumvolve, circumvolution, con 
volve, convolvulus, convoluted, devolve, 
evolve, evolution, involve, involution, re- 
volve, revolt, revolution, &c. 

Voito, to devour. Voracity, voracious, 
voraciousness, carnivorous, devour, gramini- 
vorous, granivorous, herbivorous, omnivo- 
rous, &c. 

Voveo, to vow; votus, vowed. Vow, 
votary, vote, votive, avow, avowal, devote, 
devotcdness, devotee, devotion, devotional, 
devout, &c. 

Vulgus, the common people. Vulgar, 
vulgarism, vulgarity, vulgate, divulge, pro- 
mulge, promulgate, promulgation, undivulg- 
ed, &c. 

Vulnus ivulneris), a wound. Vulne- 
rable, invulnerable, invulnerableness, &c. 

GREEK ROOTS. 

Acouo, to hear. Acoustics, &c. 

Adelphos, a brother. Philadelphia, &c. 

Aggello (ang-el-lo), to bring tidings. 
Angel, angelic, angelical, archangel, evau- 
gelist, evangelical, evangelize, &c. 

Ago, to drive or lead. Demagogue, peda- 
gogue, synagogue, &c. 

Agora, a place for p?iblic assemblies, an 
oration. Allegory, category, categorical, 
panegyric, &c. 

Allos, another. Allegory, allegorical, 
allegorize, &c. 

* Vouch. To give one's (vocem) word; to tear 
witness ; to warrant. 



Ixxxii 



DERIVATION. 



Anemos, the wind. Anemone, &c. 

Anthropos. a man. Misanthropy, mis- 
anthrope or misanthropist, philanthropy, 
philanthropist, &c. 

Archafos, ancient. Archaiology or ar- 
chaeology, archaism. &c. 

ArchS, the beginning ; government. 
Archetype, anarch, anarchy, heptarchy, hie- 
rarch, hierarchy, monarch, monarchy, oli- 
garchy, patriarch, tetrarch, &c. 

Aristos, the best, tho noblest. Aristo- 
cracy, aristocrat, aristocratic, &c. 

Arithmos, number. Arithmetic, arith- 
metical, arithmetician, logarithms, &c. 

Astro.v, a star. Astral, astrolabe, astro- 
logy, astrological, astronomy, astronomical, 
asterisk, &c. 

Autos, one's self. Autobiography, auto- 
crat, autograph, automaton, &c. 

Ballo, to cast. Bolt, bolus, amphibology, 
emblem, emblematic, hyperbole, parable, 
parabola, problem, problematic, symbol, 
symbolic, &c. 

Balsa.mon, balm. Balsam, balsamic, 
balm, baimy, embalm, &c. 

Bapto or BAPTizo, to dip, to baptize. 
Baptize, baptist, baptism, baptismal, &c. 

Baros, weight. Barometer, barytes, bary- 
tone, &c. 

Basis, the foot, the lowest part, the I 
foundation. Base, basement, baseness, bass, | 
debase, surbr.se, &c. 

Biblos. a book. Bible, biblical, biblio- 
pc!i-t, bibliomania, &c. 

Bros, life. Biography, biographer, bio- 
graphical, amphibious, autobiography, ceno- 
bite, &c. 

BotAnk, an herb. Botany, botanical, bo- 
tanic, botanist, &c. 

Character, a mark, an impression. 
Character, characteristic, &.C. 

Ch.akis icharitosj, love, grace, thanks. 
Charity, charitable, charitableness, eucha- 
ri-r. uncharitable, &c. 

C'holS, bile, anger. Choler, choleric, 
cholera-morbus, melancholy, &c. 

Chorda, a gut, a string. Chord, cord, 
cordage, harpsichord, pentachord, &c. 

Christos, anointed. Christ, Christian, 
Christmas, chrism, &c. 

Chronos, time. Chronic, chronicle, 
chronology, chronometer, anachronism, &o. 

Chrusos, gold. Chrysalis, chrysolite, &c. 

Chumos, juice (from chko, to melt or 
pour). Chyme, chemistry, chemist, chemi- 
cal, cheinic, alchymy, &c. 

Daiaion, a spirit; generally an evil spirit. 
Demon, demoniac, demonology, pandemo- 
nium, &c. 

Da mao, to tame, to subdue. Adamant, J 
adamantean, adamantine, diamond, &c. 

Deca, ten. Decade, decagon, decalogue, j 
Decapolis, &c. 

Demos, the people. Demagogue, demo 
cracy, democrat, democratic, endemic, epi 
demie, &c. 

Despotes, a master, a tyrant. Despot, 
despnic, despotism, &c. 

Diploma (literally a duplicate), aletter or 
writing conferring some privilege. Diploma, 
diplomacy, diplomatist, diplomatic, <Ssc. 



Drs, di, twice. Dilemma, diphthong, 
dimeter, &c. . 

Dogma, an opinion. Dogma, dogmatic, 
dogmatical, dogmatize, &c. Doxa, an 
opinion, belief. Doxology, heterodox, ortho- 
dox, paradox, &c. 

Doros, given. Dotation, dose, anecdote, 
antidote, &c. 

Drama, a scenic representation, a play. 
Drama, dramatic, dramatical, dramatist, &c. 

Dromos, a race-course. Dromedary, 
hippodrome, <fec. 

Drus, an oak. Druid, druidical, hama- 
dryad, &c. 

Dunamis, power, force. Dynamics, dy- 
nasty, &c. 

Dus, ill, difficult. Dysentery, dyspepsy, 
dysury, &c. 

Ecclesia, the church. Ecclesiastic, ec- 
clesiastical, &c. 

Echeo, to sound, to echo. Echo, cate- 
chise, catechism, catechumen, &c. 

Eido, to see : Eidos, a form or figure. 
Idol, idolater, idolatrous, idolatry, idolize, 
idea, ideal, ideality, cycloid, asteroid, rhom- 
boid, spheroid, &c. 

Ejlao ielaso), to drive, to impel. Elastic, 
elasticity, &c. 

Electron', amber. Electric, electrical, 
electricity, &c. 

Emeo, to vomit. Emetic, emetical, &c. 

Epos, a word. Epic, orthoepy, orthoe- 
pist, etc. 

Erkmos, desert, solitary. Eremite, her- 
mit, hermitage, &c. 

Ergon, a work. Chirurgeon (surgeon), 
energy, energetic, George, Georgics, metal- 
lurgy, &c. 

Ethn t os, ^nation. Ethnic, ethnical, hea- 
then, &c. 

Ethos, custom, manners. Ethics, ethic, 
ethicai, &c. 

Etumos, true. Etymon, etymology, ety- 
mologist, &c. 

Eu, well. Eucharist, eulogy, euphony, 
evangelist, &c. 

Gameo, to marry. Amalgam, amalgam- 
ate, bigamy, bigamist, monogamist, poly- 
gamist, &c. 

Ge, the earth. Geography, geology, geo- 
metry, Georgics, George, apogee, &c. 

Genea, a race, a descent : Genos, genus, 
kin. Genealogy, Genesis, heterogeneous, 
homogeneous, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, 
cosmogony, theogony, &c. 

Glotta or glossa, the tongue. Glottis, 
epiglottis, polyglot, gloss, glossary, &c. 

Glupho, to carve or engrave. Glyph, 
hieroglyphics, hieroglyphical, &c. 

Gnomon, that which serves to indicate or 
make known. Gnome, gnomon, gnomonics, 
Gnostics, &c. 

GoNiA, a corner, an angle. Diagonal, 
decagon, heptagon, hexagon, octagon, penta- 
gon, polygon, trigonometry, &c. 

Gramma, a letter. Grammar, anagram, 
diagram, epigram, monogram, parallelogram, 
programme, &c. 

Grapho, to write. Graphic, graphical, 
autograph, biography, autobiography, cos- 
mography, ethography, geography, hydro- 



LATIN AND GREEK. ROOTS. 



lxxxiii 



graphy, icrmography, lexicography, litho- 
graphy, orthography, paragraph, selenogra- 
phy, stenography, telegraph, topography, 
typography, &c. 

Gujunos, naked. Gymnasium, gymnas- 
tic, gymnastics, gymnosophist, &c. 

Gunk, a woman. Gynarchy, gyneocracy, 
misogyny, misogynist, &c. 

Gyrus, a ring, a circle. Gyration, cir- 
cumgyration, veer, &c. 

Haima, blood. Hemorrhage, hemorrhoids, 
hemorrhoidal, &c. 

Haireo, to take, to take up an opinion. 
Heresy, heretic, aphseresis, diaeresis, syuaj- 
resis, &c. 

Hebdomas, a week. Hebdomad, heb- 
domadal, &c. 

Hecaton, a hundred. Hecatomb, &c. 

Hedka, a seat, a chair. Cathedral, poly- ! 
hedron, sanhedrim, &c. 

Heijos, the sun. Heliacal, heliocentric, | 
Heliopolis, aphelion, &c. 

Hemkra, a day. Ephemera, ephemeral, ! 
ephenteris, &c. 

Hemisits, half. Hemicrany, hemisphere, ' 
hemistich, &c. 

Hepta, seven. Heptagon, heptachord, | 
heptarchy, &e. 

Heros, a hero. Hero, heroine, heroic, ] 
heroism, &c. 

Heteros, another. Heterodox, hetero- 
doxy, heterogeneous, &c. 

Hex, six. Hexagon, hexameter, &c. 

Hiepojs, sacred. Hierareh, hierarchy, 
hieroglyphic, Hieropolis, &c. 

Hjppos, a horse. Hippopotamus, hippo- 
drome, hippogriff, &c. 

Holos, the whole. Holocaust, catholic, 
catholicon, &c. 

Homos, like. Homogeneal, homogene- 
ous, homologous, &c. 

Hora, an hour. Horary, horologe, horo- 
scope, &c. 

Horos, a boundary. Horizon, horizontal, 
aphorism, &c. 

Hudor, water. Hydraulics, hydrocepha- 
lus, hydrogen, hydrographer, liydrophobia, 
hydrostatics, dropsy (for hydropsy), hydra, 
hydrodynamics, &c. 

Hughos, moist. Hygrometer, hygroscope, 
hygroscopic, &c. 

Humen, the god of marriage. Hymen, 
hymeneal, Arc. 

Huji.vos, a sacred song. Hymnic, hymn, 
anthem, &c. 

Ichnos, a, footstep, a track. Ichneumon, 
ichnography, <tec. 

Ichthus, a fish. Ichthyology, ichthyo- | 
phagist, &c. 

Idea, a mental image. See Eido. 

Idios, peculiar. Idiom, idiomatic, idio- 
syncrasy, idiocy, idiot, idiotic, &c. 

Idolon, an image or idol. See Eido. 

Ikon, an image or picture. Iconoclast, 
iconoclastic, &c. 

Isos, equal. Isosceles, isothermal, &c. 

Kaio ikausoi, to burn. Caustic, cauter- 
ize, holocaust, &<;. 

Kakos, bad. Cacodemon, cacoethes, &c, 

Kalos, beautiful. Caligraphy, kaleidc- | 
scope, &c. I 



Kalupto, to cover, to conceal. Apoca- 
lypse, apocalyptical, &c. 

Kanon, &rule. Canon, canonical, canoni- 
cals, canonize, &c. 

Kathairo, to cleanse. Cathartic, &c. 

Kexos, empty. Cenotaph, &e. 

Kentron, a goad, a point, the centre. 
Centre, centrical, &c. 

KephAle. the head. Cephalic, hydro- 
cephalus, &c. 

Kkras, a horn. Rhinoceros, &c. 

Kj.Eros, a lot. Cleric, clergy, clerk. &lc. 

Kijhtax, a ladder. Climax, climacteric, 
anticlimax, &c. 

Klino, to bend, to incline. Cliuic, 
clinical, &c. 

Koinos, common. Cenobite, epicene. 

Kolon, a limb, a member ; also, one of 
the intestines. Colon, colic, &c. 

Komos, a jovial meeting. Comic, comical, 
comedy, &c. 

Koneo, to run rapidly so as to raise dust, 
to move about briskly, to serve or attend 
upon another. Deacon, archdeacon, sub- 
deacon, &c. 

Konos, a cone. Conic, conical, &c. 

Kopto, to cut. Apocope, syncope, syn- 
copate, chop, &LQ. 

Kosmos, order, ornament ; also, the 
world. Cosmetic, cosmetical, cosmogony, 
cosmography, microcosm, &c. 

Kranion, the skull. Cranium, cranio- 
logy, craniologist, &c. 

Krasis, temperament, constitution. Idio- 
syncrasy, &e. 

Kratos, power. Aristocracy, autocracy, 
democracy, &c. 

Krino. to judge : kritSs, a judge, a. 
critic. Critic, hypocrisy, &c. 

Krupto, to hide. Crypt, apocrypha, &c. 

Kuklos, a circle. Cycle, epicycle, cycle* 
pcedia, encyclical, &c. 

Kulindros, v. roller. Cylinder, cylindri- 
cal, &c. 

Kuon, a dog. Cynic, cynical, cynical- 
ness, cynosure, &c. 

Labo (lambano), to take. Astrolabe, 
syllable, syllabus, &c. 

Laos, the people. Lay. laity, laic, &c. 

Latria, service, worship. Idolater, ido- 
latry, &c. 

Lego, to say. Lexicon, lexicography, 
dialect, prolegomena, &c. 

Leipo, to leave out. Eclipse, ecliptic, 
ellipse, elliptical, &c. 

Lethe, forgetfulness, death. Lethe, leth- 
argy, lethargical, &c. 

Lithos, a stone. Lithography, lithotomy, 
aerolite, chrysolite, &c. 

Logos, a word, a discourse, reason, sci- 
ence. Logic, logarithm, logomachy, ana- 
logy, anthology, apology, astrology, chrono- 
logy, demonology, doxology, etymology, ge- 
nealogy, geology, meteorology, mineralogy, 
mythology, ornithology, osteology, patho- 
logy, philology, phrenology, physiology, tau- 
tology, theology, zoology, apologue, cata- 
logue, decalogue, dialogue, eclogue, epi- 
logue, monologue, prologue, syllogism, &c. 

Luo (tuso), to loose. Analyse, paralysis, 
paralyse, palsy, &o. 



Ixxxiv 



DERIVATION. 



MachE, a battle. Logomachy, nauma- 
chy, sciomachy, &c. 

Mania, madness. Mania, maniac, biblio- 
mania, &c. 

Manteia, prophecy, divination. Chiro- 
mancy, necromancy, &c. 

Martur, a witness, a martyr. Martyr, 
martyrdom, &c. 

MathSma, learning. Mathematics, ma- 
thematician, philomath, &c. 

Matos, ■movement, motion. Automaton, 
automatical, &c. 

Mechanao, to contrive, to invent. Me- 
chanics, mechanism, &c. 

Melas imelan), black. Melancholy, &c. 

Melos, a song. Melody, melodious, me- 
lodrama, philomel, &c. 

Metaxaon, a metal. Metal, metallic, 
metallurgy, &c. 

Metecra, luminous bodies in the air or 
sky. Meteor, meteoric, meteorology, &c. 

Meter, a mother. Metropolis, &c. 

Metro*, a measure. Meter, metre, me- 
trical, barometer, chronometer, diameter, 
gasometer, geometry, hexameter, microme- 
ter, pantometer, pedometer, perimeter, sym- 
metry, thermometer, trigonometry, &c. 

Mikros, small. Microcosm, microscope, 
microscopic, &e. 

Mimos, an imitator, a buffoon. Mimic, 
mime, pantomime, &c. 

Misos, hatred. Misanthropy, misoga- 
mist, &g. 

Mneo imnao, mneso), to remind, to re- 
member. Mnemonics, amnesty, ccc. 

Monos, alone. Monk, monarch, monody, 
monogamist, monogram, monologue, mono- 
poly, monosyllable, monotone, monotony, &e. 

Morphe, shape, form. Metamorphose, 
metamorphosis, &c 

Murios, ten thousand. Myriad. &c. 

Naus, a ship: Nautes, a sailor. Nau- 
machy, nausea,* nautical, aeronaut, Argonaut, 
Argonautic, &c. 

Nekros, dead. Necromancy. &c. 

Neos, new. Neophyte, Naples {Nea-po- 
lis), &c. 

Nesos, an island. Chersonesus, Pelopo- 
nesus, Polynesia, &c. 

No-mos. a law. Nomothetic, Deuteronomy, 
gastronomy, Antinomjanism, astronomy, &c. 

Nosos, a disease. Nosology, &c. 

Ode, a song. Ode, palinode, comedy, 
melody, monody, parody, prosody, psalmody, 
riiapsody, &c. 

Odos, a way. Episode, exodus, method, 
period, synod, <fcc. 

Oikos, a house. Economy, antceci, dio- 
cese, parochial, parish, &c. 

OlIgos. feio. Oligarchy, &c. 

Osiaeos, like, regular. Anomaly, &c. 

On6ma, a name. Anonymous, metonymy, 
patronymic, synonymous, &c. 

OptOiuai, to see. Optic, optics, optical, 
optician, synopsis, &c. 

ORAjviA,'the thing seen, a sight. Cosmo- 
rama, diorama, panorama, &c. 

Organon, an instrument. Organ, or- 
ganic, organize, inorganic, &c. 

* Xansea is, properly, sea sickness. 



Orkos, an oath. Exorcise, &c. 

Ornis (ornithos), a bird. Ornithology, 
ornithologist, &c. 

OrphAnos, bereft of parents. Orphan. 
orphanage, &c. 

Orthos, straight, right. Orthodox, or- 
thography, orthoepy, &c. 

Osteon, a bone. Osteology, osteologist 
periosteum, &c. 

Ostrakon, a shell. Ostracism, oyster, &c. 

Ouranos, heaven. Uranus, ouranogra- 
phy, &c. 

Onus, sharp, acid. Oxalic, oxide, pa- 
roxysm, <fcc. 

Pais (paidos), a boy : Patdeia, instruc- 
tion. Pedagogue, cyclopaedia, &c. 

Papas, a father. Papa, papal, papacy, 
1 Pope, &c. 

Pas (pantos), all. Panacea, pandect, 
panegyric, panoply, panorama, pantheon, 
pantomime, &c. 

Pascha, the passover. Paschal. &c. 

Pateo, to tread. Peripatetic, patrol, &c 

Pathos, feeling. Pathetic, pathology, 
apathy, sympathy, &c. 

Pente, five. Pentachord, pentagon, &c. 

Petalon, a leaf. Petal, petalous, ape- 
talous, bipetalous, &c. 

Petra, a rock. Peter, saltpetre, petrify, 
petrifaction, petroleum, &c. 

Phago, to eat. Anthropophagi, ichthy- 
ophagist, sarcophagus, &c. 

Phaino, to shine, to appear. Phantasm, 
phase, fantasy, fancy, epiphany. 

Phariuakon, a drug. Pharmacy, phar- 
maceutic, pharmacopoeia, &c. 

PhSmi, to say, to speak. Blaspheme, em- 
phasis, emphatic, prophet, &c. 

Phero, to carry. Metaphor, periphery, 
phosphorus, &c. 

Philos, one who loves. Philanthropy, 
philology, philosophy, Philadelphia, &c. 

Phobos, fear. Hydrophobia" &c. 

Phone, voice. Phonic, cacophony, eu- 
phony, symphony, &c. 

Phos ( photos ), light. Phosphorus, &c. 

Phrasis, a phrase, a saying. Phrase, an- 
tiphrasis, metaphrase, paraphrase, &c. 

Phren, the mind. Phrenetic, phreno- 
logy, frantic, &c. 

Phthegma, a saying. Apophthegm or 
apothegm, &c. 

Phthongos, a sound. Diphthong, triph- 
thong, &C. 

Phulacterion, a preservative. Phylac- 
ter or phylactery, &c. 

Phullon, a leaf. Aphyllous, monophyl- 
lous, &c. 

Phusis, nature. Physic, physics, meta- 
physics, philology, &c. 

Photon, a plant. Zoophyte, zoophyto- 
logy, neophyte, &c. 

Plane, wandering. Planet, planetary, 
planetarium, &c. 

Plasso, to form in clay. Plastic, plaster, 
cataplasm, &c. 

Pleo, to fill. Pleonastic, pleonasm, &c. 
Plethos, fulness. Plethora, plethoric, &c. 

Plesso (plexo), to strike. Apoplexy, &c. 

Pneuma (pneumatos), air, breath. Pueu« 
matic3, pneumatology, &c. 



LATIN A>TD GREEK ROOTS. 



Ixxxv 



Poieo, to make. Poem, poet, pharmaco- 
poeia, prosopopoeia, &e. 

Poeemos, war. Polemics, polemical, &c. 

Poleo, to sett. Monopoly, bibliopolist, 
pharmacopolist, &c. 

Polts, a city. Police, policy, politics, me- 
tropolis. Acropolis, Heliopolis, Adriarzople, 
Constantinople, Naples, &c. See Neos. 

Polus, many. Polyanthus, polygamy, 
polyglot, Polynesia, polysyllable. &c. 

Poros. a pore, a passage. Pore, porous, 
emporium, &e. 

Potamos, a river. Hippopotamus, Meso- 
potamia, &c. 

Pous ipodos), a, foot. Antipodes, polypus, 
tripod, &c. 

Pkaktos, done : Prasso, to do. Practise, 
practice, praxis, impracticable, &c. 

Presbuteros. elder. Presbyter, &c. 

Protos, first. Protocol, protomartyr, 
prototype, prothonotary, &c. 

Psallo, tc sing, to play. Psalm, psalm- 
ody, psalter, &c. 

Pseitdos, false. Pseudo-prophet, &e. 

Psyche, breath, the soul. Psychology, 
Psyrhe, metempsychosis, &c. 

Pto.ma, a fail. Symptom, &c. 

Per, fire. Pyre, pyramid, pyrotechnist, 
empyrean, fire, &c. 

Rhapto, to sew or stitch together. Rhap- 
sodist, rhapsody, &c. 

Rheo, to flow. Rhetoric, rheum, catarrh, 
diarrhoea, hemorrhage. &c. 

Rhin", the nose. Rhinoceros, &c. 

Rhodon, a rose. Rhododendron, &c. 

Rhuthmos, measured time, harmony. 
Rhythm, rhyme, &c. 

Sarx, flesh. Sarcasm, sarcophagus, sar- 
sophagy, &c. 

Schede, a small scroll. Schedule, &e. 

Schema, a plan, a design. Scheme, 
schemer, &c. 

Schisma, a division. Schism, schismatic, 
schismatical, &c. 

Sxxos, corn, bread. Parasite, &o. 

SkandAxon, a stumbling-block, offence, 
disgrace. Scandal, scandalous, &c. 

Skene, a tent, the stage. Scene, scenic, 
scenery, &c. 

Skeptomai, to consider, to doubt. Scep- 
tic, sceptical, &c. 

Skia, a shadow. Ascii, &c. 

Skopeo, to view. Scope, kaleidoscope, 
microscope, telescope, episcopacy, bishop, &.c. 

Sophia, wisdom. Sophist, sophism, so- 
phistry, sophisticate, philosophy, unsophis- 
ticated, &c. 

Spao, to draw: Spasma, a drawing or 
contraction. Spasm, spasmodic, &c. 

Sperma, seed: Speiro, to sow. Sperm, 
spermatic, spermaceti, &c. 

Sphaira, a globe. Sphere, spheric, sphe- 
roid, atmosphere, hemisphere, &c. 

Splen', the milt or spleen. Spleen, sple- 
netic, &c. 

Spongia, a. sponge. Sponge, &c. 

Stasis, a standing. Statics, statistics, 
apostasy, apostate, ecstasy, hydrostatics, sys- 
tem, die. 

Steleo, to send. Apostle, diastole, epis- 
tle peristaltic, systole, &c. 



Stenos, short, narrow. Stenography, &d 

Stereos, firm, solid. Stereotype, &c. 

Stichos. a rank, a line, a verse. Acrostic, 
distich, &c. 

Stigma, a brand, a mark of infamy. Stig- 
ma, stigmatize. <fec. 

Stoa, a porch. Stoic* stoical, &c. 

Stoma, the mouth. Stomach, stomachic, 
i stomacher, Chrysostom, &c. 

Stratos. an army. Scratagem. &c. 

Strophe, a turning. Strophe, apos- 
trophe, &c. 

Stulos, a pillar or column; a style or 
sharp-pointed instrument for waiting with. 
Style, stiletto, peutastyle, &c. 

Sulk, plunder, spoil. Asylum, Arc. " 

Taphos, a tomb. Epitaph, cenotaph, &c. 

Tasso itaxoi, to put in order, to arrange. 
Tactics, tactician, syntax, &c. 

Tactos, the same. Tautology, &c. 

Techne, an art. Technical, polytechnic. 
Tecton, an artist, a builder. Architect, &c. 

Tele, afar. Telegraph, telescope, &c. 

Teuchos, any thing made, a vessel, a 
book. Pentateuch, &c. 

ThanAtos, death. Euthanasia, &c. 

Thauma, a wonder. Thaumaturgy, &c. 

Theaomai, to see. Theorem, theoretic, 
theorist, &c. Theatron, a theatre. The- 
atre, amphitheatre, &c. 

There, a place where any thing is depo- 
sited, a store. Apothecary, bibliotheke, &c. 

Theos, God. Thearchy, theocracy, the- 
ology, apotheosis, atheism, atheist, panthe- 
ist, pantheon, polytheism, Theophilus, Ti- 
motheus or Timothy, &c. 

Therme, heat. Thermometer, isother- 
mal, Thermopylae, &c. 

Thronos, a seat. Throne, dethrone, &c. 

Timao, to honor, to fear. Timotheus, &c. 

Tithemi, to put or place: Thesis, a, plac- 
ing. Theme, thesis, anathema, antithesis, 
epenthesis, epithet, hypothesis, hypothetic, 
metathesis, nomothetic, parenthesis, paren- 
thetic, synthesis, synthetic, &c. 

Tome, a cutting, a section, a division. 
Tome, atom, anatomy, epitome, lithotomy, 
phlebotomy, &c. 

Tonos, tension or stretching, a tone or 
sound. Tone, tonic, tune, barytone, mono- 
tone, semitone, &c. 

Topos, a. place. Topic, topography, Uto- 
pian, &o. 

Tragos, a goat. Tragedy, tragic, &c. 

Trapeza, a table, a quadrilateral figure. 
Trapezium, trapezoid, &c. 

Trophe, food, nourishment. Atrophy, &c. 

Tropos, a turning. Trope, tropic, tropi- 
cal, heliotrope, &c. 

Tupos, an impression, a mark, a type. 
Type, typical, typify, typography, archetype, 
prototype, stereotype, &c. 

Turannos, a ruler, a king, a despot. 
Tyrant, tyranny, tyrannize, &c. 

XSros, dry. Xerophagy, &c. 

Xulox, wood. Xylography, &c. 

ZElos, ardour, zeal. Zeal, zealous, &c. 

Zoon, an animal. Zodiac, zoology, &c. 



» Zeno.the founder of the Stoic philosophy, 
in a porch in Athena. 



LATIN AND GREEK WORDS AND PHRASES 
EXPLAINED. 



jk fortiori. With stronger reason- 

A mensa et thoro. From bed and board. 

A posteriori. From a posterior reason ; from 

the effect to the cause. 
A priori. From a prior reason ; from the 

cause to the effect. 
Ab initio (in-ish'-i-o). From the beginning. 
Ad arbit'rium. At pleasure. 
Ad captan'dum vulgus. To catch the rabble. 
Adden'dum; pi. Adden'da. To be added; 

additions ; an appendix. 
Ad eun'deni. To the same ; to a like degree. 
Ad Graecas kalendas. Never — the Greeks 

having no kalends. 
A.d infinitum. To infinity ; without end. 
Ad libitum. At pleasure. 
Ad referen'dum. To be referred to again ; 

for further consideration. 
Ad valorem. In proportion to the value. 
Afflatus. Divine inspiration. 
Agen'da. Things to be done. 
Alga. A kind of sea-weed. 
Alias. Otherwise. 
Alibi. Elsewhere. 
Alma Mater. A benign mother; a term 

applied to the university where one wa9 

educated. 
Ana, Gr. A word used in the prescriptions 

of physicians, denoting in like quantity ; 

equally. 
An'adiplo"sis, Gr. Reduplication (applied 

to that form of speech in which the words 

that end one verse or sentence, also begin 

the next). 
Anath'6ma, Gr. An ecclesiastical curse. 
Anno Domini. In the year of our Lord. 
Anno MiHidi. In the year of the world. 
Ante meridiem (A. M.) Before noon. 
Anthropoph'agi, Gr. Man-eaters; cannibals. 
Apex ; pi. Apices. The top or angular 

point : the top of any thing. 
Aqua (a'-kwa). Water. 
Aqua-fortis. Nitric acid. 
Aqua-tinta. A kind of engraving imitating 

drawings made with Indian ink or bistre. 
Aqua-vitas. Eau-de-vie or brandy. 
Arcana imperii. State secrets. 
Argumentum ad hom'Inem. An argument 

to the man; an argument which derives 

strength from its personal application. 
Argumentum baoullnum. The argument of 

the cudgel ; club law. 
Armlger. One bearing arms ; a gentleman. 
Asafoetida (as-sa-fet'-i-da). A fetid gum- 
resin brought from the East Indies. 
Assumpsit. In law, a voluntary promise, 

by which a person takes on himself to per- 
form for, or pay to another; the action 

founded on it. 
Audi al'teram partem. Hear the other side. 
Bona fide. In good faith. 
Boreas. The north wind. 
Brutum fulmen. A harmless thunderbolt. 
Ca?teris paribus. The rest being alike ; other 

circumstances being equal. 
Cao'6o"thes. A bad hahit or custom. 



Cac'6e"thes loquen'di. An itch for speaking. 

Camera obscura. Refer to the Dictionary. 

Capias. A writ of execution ; literally, take. 

Caput morttium. The worthless remains. 

Caret. This mark (a), to denote that some- 
thing has been omitted. 

Caveat. A kind of process in law to stop 
proceedings ; a caution ; a hint. 

Certiorari (cer'-she-o-ra"-ri). A writ from a 
superior court to the officers of an inferior 
one, commanding them to certify or return 
the records of a cause before them, to the 
end that the party may have sure and 
speedy justice. 

Chiragra (ki-ra'-gra), Gr. Gout in the hand. 

Cognomen. A surname ; a family name. 

Cognovit. In law, an acknowledgment ©f 
the plaintiff's claim, by which judgment is 
entered without trial. 

Commen'dam. The holding of a vacant 
benefice till a pastor is supplied ; so nam- 
ed, as being commended to the oareof the 
holder. 

Compages (com-pa'-ges). A system or struc- 
ture of many parts united. 

Com'pos men'tis. Of sound mind. 

Con'tra. Against; contrary to. 

Cor'nu co'pias. The horn of plenty. 

Corrigen'da. Words to be corrected. 

Cui bono ? To what good will it tend. 

Cum privilegio. With privilege. 

Curren'te calamo. With a running pen. 

Custos rotulo'rum. Keeper of the rolls. 

Data. Things granted. 

De facto. In fact or reality. 

Deficit. A want or deficiency. 

Dei gratia. By the grace of God. 

De jure (joo'-ry). By law or right. 

Dele. Blot out or erase. 

Deliquium. A melting or dissolution in the 
air ; syncope or fainting. 

Delta. The Greek letter A ; a triangular 
tract of land towards the mouth of a river. 

De mor'ttiis nil nisi bonum. Of the dead 
say nothing except what is good. 

De novo. Anew : over again. 

Deo volente (D. V.) God willing. 

Desideratum ; pi. Desiderata. A thing or 
things desired or wanted. 

Desunt csetera. The remainder is wanted. 

Dexter. The right hand. 

Dictum. A positive assertion. 

Diluvium. A deposit of superficial loam, 
sand, &c, caused by a deluge. 

Distringas. A writ for distraining. 

Div'ide ct impera. Divide and govern. 

Draco. A dragon ; a constellation. 

Dramatis personam. The characters in a play. 

Dulia, Gr. An inferior kind of worship. 

Duo. Two ; a song for two performers. 

Duodecimo (du-o-dess'-e-mo). Applied to a 
book having 12 leaves to the sheet. 

Durante placlto. During pleasure. 

DurantS vita. During life. 

Ec'ce homo. Behold the man. 
i Ec'ce sigimm. Behold the sign. 



LATIN AND GREEK WORDS AND PHRASES. 



Ixxxvii 



Elegit. A writ of execution ; so called from j 
words implying that the plaintiff hath \ 
chosen it. 

Emeritus. Originally applied to a soldier 
who had srrved his full time, and who was 
in consequence entitled to his discharge. 

E pluribus unum. One from many— the 
motto of the United States. 

Equilibrium. Equality of weight. 

Ergo. Therefore. 

Erratum; pi., Errata. A mistake, or mis- 
takes in printing. 

Est modus in rebus. There is a medium in 
every thing. 

Esto perpetua. May it last for ever. 

Etcastgra. And the rest; abridged thus (&c). 

Ex cathedra. From the chair. 

Excerpta. Extracts from a work. 

Ex concesso. From what has been conceded. 

Exempli gratia {e. g.) For example. 

Exeunt omnes. They ail go off. 

Exit. He goes off; departure. 

Ex nihilo nihil fit. From nothing, nothing 
can come. 

Ex officio. Officially. 

Ex parte. On one side. 

Ex post facto. From something done after- 
wards — as a law applied to an offence 
which was committed before the law was 
made. 

Ex tempore. Without premeditation. 

Exuviae. Cast skins of animals. 

Facetiae (fa-cee'-she-ey). Humorous compo- 
sitions ; witticisms. 

Fac simile (fack-sim'-e-ly). An exact copy. 

Felo de se. A murderer of one's self. 

Fiat experimentum in corp6re vili. Let 
the experiment be made on a worthless 
body. 

Fiat justitia, ruat coelum. Let justice be 
done, though the heavens should fall. 

Fieri facias (fi/-e-ri-fa"-she-ass). A writ to 
the sheriff to levy debt or damages. 

Flagrante bello. During hostilities. 

Flagrante delicto. During the commission 
of the crime. 

Fortiter in re. With firmness in acting. 

Genera (jen'-gr-a). The plural of Genus. 

Gutta serena (a serene drop). A supposed 
drop or speck, clear or invisible to outward 
appearance, but obstructing vision, and 
producing blindness. 

Habeas corpus. A writ directing a gaoler to 
have or produce the body of a prisoner be- 
fore the court, and to certify the cause of 
his detainer. 

Haud passibus asquis. Not with equal steps. 

Hortus siccus (a dry garden). A collection of 
specimens of plants dried and preserved. 

Ibidem. In the same place. 

Idem. The same. 

Id est. That is ; abbreviated into i. e. 

Ignis fattius. Will-o'-the-Wisp ; literally, 
a false fire. 

Impe'rium in imperio. A government with- 
in a government. 

Imprimatur. Let it be printed. 

Imprimis. In the first place. 

Impromptu. Without premeditation. 

Index expurgatorius 1a purifying index). A 
list of prohibited books. 



In forma pauperis. As a pauper. 

In foro conscientia?. Before the tribunal of 
conscience. 

Infra dignitatem. Beneath one's dignity. 

In limine. At the outset. 

In posse. In possible existence. 

In propria persona. In person. 

In re. In the matter or business of. 

Instanter. Instantly. 

Instar omnium. An example which may 
suffice for all. 

Interim. In the meantime. 

Interregnum. The period between two reigns. 

In terrorem. As a warning. 

In toto. Entirely; wholly. 

In transitu. In passing. 

In vino Veritas. There is truth in wine. 

Invita Minerva (Minerva being unwilling!. 
Without the aid of genius. 

Ipse dixit. Mere assertion. 

Ipso facto. By the fact itself. 

Item. Also ; an article in a bill or account. 

Jure divino. By divine right. 

Jure humane. By human law. 

Jus gentium. The law of nations. 

Labor omnia vincit. Labor overcomes every 
thing. 

Lapsus lingua?. A slip of the tongue. 

Laus Deo. Praise be to God. 

Lex talionis. The law of retaliation. 

Libra. A balance ; a sign of the zodiac. 

Lignum vita? (literally, the wood of life). 
Guaicum, a very hard wood. 

Lit'fira scripta manet. What is written re- 
mains. 

Litera'tim. Letter by letter ; literally. 

Lusus naturse. A freak of nature ; an ano- 
malous or deformed offspring. 

Magna Charta (kartai. The great charter. 

Malum in se. An evil in itself. 

Malum prohibitum. A thing evil, because 
forbidden. 

Manda'mus. In law, a writ from a supe- 
rior court; literally, we command. 

Manes. Departed spirits. 

Materia med'Ica. Substance used in th.8 
preparation of medicine. 

Maximum. The greatest. 

Memento mori. Remember death. 

Memorabilia. Things to be remembered. 

Meum et tuum. Mine and thine, 

Min'imum. The least. 

Mit'tlmus (we send). A warrant for com- 
mitting to prison. 

Modus operandi. The mode or manner of 
operating. 

Multum in parvo. Much in little. 

Necro'sis, Gr. Mortification or dcadness. 

Nem'ine contradicentg (nem. con.) None 
opposing. 

Ne plus ultra. No farther; the utmost 
point. 

Ne quid nimis. Too much of one thing ia 
good for nothing. 

Ne sutor ultra creptdam. The shoemaker 
should not go beyond his last; persons 
should attend to their own business. 

Nisi prius (unless before). A writ begin- 
ning with these words. 

Nolens volens. Willing or not, 

Non compos mentis. Out of one's senses. 



IxxxTiii 



LATIN AND GREEK WORDS AND PHRASES. 



Non obstante. In law, notwithstanding any- 
thing to the contrary. 
Nos'citur ex sociis. One is known by his 
associates. 

Nota bene (N. B.l Mark well or attentively. 

Omnibus. For all. 

Onus probandi. The burden of proof. 

Otalgia, Gr. The ear ache. 

Otium cum dignitate. Leisure or retirement 
with dignity. 

Paraselene, Gr. A mock moon — that which 
is beside or near the moon. 

Passim. Everywhere. 

Pecca'vi. I have sinned. 

Pendente lite. While the suit is pending. 

Per cent (centum). By the hundred. 

Per fas et nefas. Through right and wrong. 

Per saltum. By a leap. 

Per se. By itself. 

Pinxit. Painted it. 

Pleura. A thin membrane which covers 
the inside of the thorax. 

Posse comita'tus. The civil force of the 
county. 

Post meridiem (P. M.) After mid-day. 

Postula'ta. Things required. 

Praecipe (pre'-cip-y). A writ commanding 
the defendant to redress the injury, or 
stand the suit. 

Prima facie. On or at the first view. 

Primitise (pri-mish'-e-e). The first fruits 
which were offered to the gods. 

Primum mobile. The first mover ; the 
mainspring. 

Princip'ia. First principles. 

Prmcipiis obsta. Oppose beginnings. 

Pro aris et focis. For our altars and firesides. 

Probatum est. It has been proved. 

Pro bono publico. For the public good. 

Pro et con (contra). For and against. 

Pro forma. For form's sake. 

Pro hac vice. For the occasion. 

Pro temp6re. For this time. 

I'anica fides. Punic or Carthaginian faith; 
the Roman name for treachery. 

Quadragesima. Lent — so called because it 
contains forty days. 

Qusere (kwee'ry). Literally, inquire ; aruark 
of inquiry or doubt ; a query. 

Quantum libct. As much as is pleasing. 

Quantum suff Icit. As much as is sufficient. 

Quid nunc ? (what now ?) A newsmonger. 

Quid pro quo. Something for something; 
tit for tat. 

Qui tarn. An action at the suit of an in- 
former against a person who has infringed 
some statute. The words mean, who as 
well as ; that is, as well for the king as 
himself, between whom the penalty is to 
be divided. 

Quod erat demonstrandum, or Q. E. D. That 
which was to be proved. 

Quondam. Formerly. 

Quot homines tot sententiae. So many men, 
so many opinions. 

Recipe (res3'-e-py). The first word of a phy- 
sician's prescription, and hence the pre- 
scription itself. Take thou, \3 the literal 
meaning. 

Re infecta. Without accomplishing the 
matter. 



Requiescat in pa'c§. May he rest in peace. 

Respice finem. Look to the end. 

Resurgam. I shall rise again. 

Scandalum magnatum. Scandal against the 
nobility. 

Scilicet (sc.) To wit ; namely. 

Sci're facias. Cause it to be known. 

Semper idem. Always the same. 

Seria'tim. In regular order. 

Sic passim. So everywhere. 

Silent leges inter arma. Laws are silent in 
the midst of arms. 
j Sine die. Without fixing a day 
I Sine qua non. Without which it cannot ; 

an indispensable condition. 
I Sphacelus (sfass'-e-lus), Gr. Gangrene. 
I Stacte (stack'-ty), Gr. The gum which dis- 
tils from the myrrh-tree. 

Statu quo. In the state in which it was. 
i Sua cuique voluptas. Every one has his own 

pleasure. 
I Suaviter in modo, fortiter in re. Gentle in 
manner, but firm in acting. 

Sub poena. Under a penalty. 

Sub silentio. In silence. 

Sui generis. The only one of the kind ; 
singular. 

Summum bonum. The chief good. 

Suum cuique. Let every one have his own. 

Tabula rasa. A smooth tablet ; a mere 
blank. 

Tsedium vitas. Weariness of life ; ennui. 

Te Dcuui. A hymn of thanksgiving; so 
called from the two first words. 

Tempura mutantur. Times are changed. 

Totidem verbis. In just so many words. 

Toties quoties. As often as. 

Toto cttlo. By the whole heavens ; as far as 
the poles asunder. 

Tria juncta in uno. Three joined in one. 

Ultima ratio regum. The last reason of 
kinsrs. that is, war. 

Ultimuslult.) The last. 

Una voce. With one voice. 

Utile dulci. The useful with the agreeable. 

Vacuum. An empty space. 

Vade mecum. Come with me ; a com- 
panion. 

Vas victis ! Alas for the vanquished ! 

Variorum. With notes of various commen- 
tntors. 

Venienti occurrite morbo. Meet the disease 
in the beginning. 

Verbatim. Word for word. 
i Vermes. Worms. 
! Veron'ica. A true image. 
j Versus. In law, against. 

Veto [I forbid). A prohibition. 
J Via. By the way of. 
! Viaticum. Provisions for a journey. 

Vice. In the stead or room of. 

Vice versa. The reverse. 

Vide. See ; refer to. 

Vi et armis. By main force. 

Vis inertias. The force or property of inani- 
mate matter. 

Viva voce. Orally; by word of mouth. 

Vivat Regina ! Long live the Qveen ! 

Viz. (videlicet.) To wit. 

Vox et praeterea nihil. Voice (or sound) 
and nothing more. 



FRENCH, &c, WORDS AND PHRASES, PRONOUNCED* 
AND EXPLAINED. 



Abattoir (a-bat-twai / ). A general or public 

slaughter-house. 
Abbe (ab'-bey). An abbot; an ecclesiastic. 
Accouchement (ac-coosh'-m5ngh A lying-in. 
Accoucheur (ac-cooshur'). A man midwife. 
Aide-de-camp (aid'-deh-cong). A military 

officer attending a general. 
A-la-mode (ah-la-mode). In the fashion. 
Alguazil (al'-ga-zeel). A Spanish officer of 
justice ; a constable. 

Allemande (al-le-mand'). A kind of Ger- 
man dance ; a figure in dancing. 

Amateur (ahm-at-ehr). A lorer of any art 
or science, not a professor ; a virtuoso. 

Amende (a-mongd'h A fine byway of re- 
compense ; amends made in any way. 

Antique (an-teek'). Ancient; old-fashioned. 

Apropos (a-pro-po'). To the purpose ; by- 
the-bye. 

Au pis aller (o-pee-zah'-lai). At the worst. 

Badinage (bad"-e-nazb/). Light or playful 
discourse. 

Bagatelle (ba-ga-tel'). A trifle. 

Banquette (bang-ket'). A small bank be- 
hind a parapet, to stand on when firing at 
the enemy. 

Bateau (ba-to'). A long, light boat. 

Beaux esprits (boz-es-pree'). Men of wit. 

Beau-ideal (bo-ee-day'-al). The ideal ex- 
cellence existing only in the imagination. 

Beau inonde (bo-mond). The gay or fa- 
shionable world. 

Bella-don'na, It. The deadly nightshade; 
literally, fair lady — so called, it is said, 
because its juice is used as a cosmetic by 
Italian ladies. 

Belle (bell). A fine or fashionable lady. 

Belles-lettres (bell-lettr). Polite literature. 

Billet doux (bil-le-doo'). A love letter. 

Bon jour (bohn-zhur). Good day. 

Bonne bouche (bun-boosh). A delicious mor- 
sel ; a titbit. 

Bon ton (bohn-tong). In high fashion. 

Bon vivant (bohn-veev'-ahn). A high liver ; 
a choice spirit. 

Bourgeois (boor'-zhwaw}. A burgess or 
citizen , citizen-like. 

Bravura (bra-voo'-ra). A Bong of difficult 
execution; difficult; brilliant. 

Burletta, It. A musical farce. 

Cachet (kah-shay). A seal ; a private state 
letter. 

Caden'za, It. In music, the fall or modula- 
tion of the voice. 

Caique (ca-eek'). The skiff of a galley. 

Caisson (cais-son'). See the Dictionary. 

Calibre (ca-lee'-br). The capacity or com- 
pass of the mind or intellect. 

Cantata, It. A poem set to music. 

Caotitchouc (coo'-chook). Indian rubber. 

Cap-a-pie (cap-ah-pee). From head to foot. 



* It is v4^ difficult, and in some eases impossible, 
to give, with the sounds of our letters, the true French 
pronunciation. The pronunciations given here, there- 
fore, are in some cases to be considered as mere ap- 
Broxlmations. — See Observation 89, page xxiii. 



Capiiccio (ca-pree'-chol, It. A loose irre- 
gular species of musical composition. 

Cap'riole, It. A leap without advancing. 

Carte blanche (cart-blongsh). Refer to the 
Dictionary. 

Cartouche (car-toosh'l. A case to hold pow- 
der and balls. 

Chamade (sha-mad'). See the Dictionary. 

Champetre (shahn-paytr'). Rural. 

Champignon (sham-pin'-yon). A small spe- 
cies of mushroom. 

Chanson (chawng-soang.) A song. 

Chapeau (shap'-po). A hat. 

Charge d'affaires (shar'-jay-daf-fair). An am- 
bassador of second rank. 

Chateau (shah-to'). A castle. 

Chef d'eeuvre (shay-doovr). A masterpiece. 

Chiaro-oscuro (ke-ar'-o-os-coo'-ro),7^. Lights 
and shades in painting. 

Cicerone (tchee-tchai-ro-ny^, It. A guide 
or conductor ; one who orator ixes in his 
descriptions. 

Cicisbeo (tche-tchis-bay'-o), It. A gallant 
tending a lady. 

Ci-devant (see-de-vangi. Formerly. 

Clique (cleek). A party or gang. 

Cogniac (cone-yack). Brandy, properly from 
the town so called. 

Comme il faut (com-ee-fo'). As it should 
be ; quite the thing. 

Con amore, It. With love ; gladly. 

Conge d'elire (con-jay-dai-leer). Permis- 
sion to elect. 

Connoisseur (con-a-sehr). A skilful judge. 

Contour (con-toor'). The outline of a figure. 

Corregidor (cor-red'-je-dor), Sp. The chief 
magistrate in a Spanish town. 

Cotillon (co-til'-yoang). Abrisk, lively dance. 

Coup de grace (coo-deh-grass'). The finish- 
ing blow. 

Coup d'etat (coo-deh-tah). A bold measure 
on the part of the state ; a master-stroke 
of policy. 

Coup de main (coo-deh-mahng). A sudden 
or bold enterprise. 

Coup d'ceil (coo-deuhl'). A glance of the eye. 

Coute que coute (coot-ke-coot). Cost what 
it will. 
j Da capo, It. Again, or repeat from the 
beginning. 

Debouch (de-boosh'). See the Dictionary. 

Debris (de-bree). Broken remains. 

Dejeumr a la fourchette (de-zheu-ne-ah- 
lah-foor-shayt). A breakfast with meats, 
fowls, &c. ; a public breakfast. 

Denouement (de-noo-mong'). The winding 
up; an explanation. 

Depot (deh-p6). A store or magazine. 

Dernier ressort (dairn-yair-res-sor). The last 
shift or resource. 

Dieu et mon droit (Dieu-ai-mohn-drwau). 
God and my right. 

Doloro'so, It. In music, soft and pathetic. 

Domicile fdom-e-seel). An abode. 

Double entendre (doo'-bl-6ng-tong' / -dr). A 
phrase with a double meaning. 



sc 



FRENCH AND ITALIAN WORDS AND PHRASES. 



Echelon (esh'-e-long). See the Dictionary. 
Eclaireissement (ec-lair'-cis-mong). A clear- 
ing up or explanation of an affair. 
Elc-ve (ai-lave). One brought up by an- 
other ; a pupil. 
Embonpoint (ahn-bon-pwawn). In good con- 
dition. 
Ennui (ong-wee'l. Wearisomeness, lassitude. 
Ensemble (6ng-song'-bl!. The whole taken 

together. 
Entree (ong-tray). Entrance. 
Entremets (ong'-tr-may/. One of the small 

dishes set between the principal ones at 

dinner. 
En tie nous (6ng'-tr-noo). Between ourselves. 
Entrepot (ong-tr-po'). A warehouse or 

magazine. 
Esprit de corps (es-pree-deh-core). The 

spirit of the body or party. 
Expose' (ecks-po'-zy). An exposition. 
Famille (fa-mecl'). Family; "enfamille," 

in the family way. 
Fant.occinni ( fan'-to-tche"-ne), It. Puppets. 
Faux pas (fo-pah). A false step. 
Femme couverte (fam-coo-vairt). In law, a 

protected or married woman. 
Femme sole. A single woman; a spinster. 
Fete (fate). A feast or festival. 
Feu de joie (feii-de-zhwaw). A discharge of 

fire-arms ; a rejoicing. 
Fiile-de-chambre ifeel-deh-sham-br). A 

chamber-maid. 
Finale ifee-nah'-ly), It. The end; the close. 
Fleur-de-lis (flehr-deh-lee). The flower of 

the lily. 
Forte (fur-tay), It. In music, a direction to 

.sing or play with force or spirit. 
Fortissimo, It. In music, very loud. 
Gaucherie (gosh-re). Awkwardness. 
Gendarmes tjang-darmi. Soldiers, police. 
Grisette i.gree-zet'). Literally, a young 

woman dressed in gray, that is, homely 

stuff; a tradesman's wife or daughter; a 

shop-girl. 
Gusto, It. The relish of any thing ; liking. 
Harico (har'-e-co). A kind of ragout. 
Honnisoit qui mal y pense (ho-ne-swaw-kee- 

mahl-e-pahns). Evil to him that evil 

thinks. 
Hors de combat (hor-deh-cohn-bah). Dis- 
abled. 
Hotel-Dieu lo-tel'-deuh). An hospital. 
Ich dien (ik-deen). I servo. 
Inc6gnite. Incog. ; in disguise. 
In petto. In the breast or mind ; in reserve. 
Je ne sais quoi (je-ne-say-kwaw'K I know 

not what. 
Jet d'eau izhai-do'). An ornamental water- 
spout or fountain. 
Jeu de mots (zbeu-de-moO. Play upon 

words. 
Jeu d'esprit (zheu-dcs-pree). Play of wit ; 

a witticism. 
Levee (lev'-ay). A morning visit. 
Liqueur (le-quehr). A cordial. 
Mademoiselle imad'-em-wa-zel"). A young 

unmarried lady ; Miss. 
Maitre d'hotel tniaytr-do-tel'). A hotel 

keeper or manager. 
Mal-a-propos (mal-ap-ro-po'). Out of time ; 

unseasonably, unbecoming. 



! Malaria, It. Noxious exhalations. 

j Malicho (mal'-it-cho). The corruption of a 

Spanish word signifying mischief. 
I Mauvaise honte imo-vais-hont). False or 

unbecoming modesty. 
i Menage iman-azh'). See the Dictionary. 

Messieurs (mess- vers I. Gentlemen; used as 
j the plural of Mr. 

Monsieur (mo'-seu). Sir, Mr., a gentleman. 
! Naivete (nah-eev-tay'). Ingenuousness, sim* 
1 plicity. 

j Niaiserie (nre-ais-re). Silliness. 
j Nom-de-guerre mong-deh-gair'). An a3» 

sumed name. 
I Nonchalance mohn-shah-lahnce). Coolness, 
j indifference. 

I On dit (ohn-dee). A flying report. 
i Outre (oo-tray'). Extraordinary, eccentric. 
| Parole (par-oie). Word of honour 
j Pas (pah). Precedence ; literally, a step. 
Patois ipat-waw). Provincialism. 
Penchant (pan-sh?.hn) . A leaning or in* 

clination towards. 
Petit 'pet'-ty,. Small, little. 
Petit-maitre ipet'ty may'tr). A little mas- 
ter ; a fop. 
Plateau pla-to'). See the Dictionary. 
Protege i protegee, fem.) (pro-tay-jay). One 

that is patronized and protected. 
Qui va la? ikee-vah-la). Who goes there ? 
Qui vive (kee-veev 7 ). On the alert. 
Ragout (rah-g6o). A highly-seasoned dish. 
Rencontre irahn-cohntr'). An unexpected 

meeting ; an encounter. 
Restaurateur (re-stor-ah-tehr / ). A tavern 

keeper. 
Reveille (re-vail'-yai). See the Dictionary. 
Rouge irooge). Red paint. 
Ruse de guerre Iroos-deh-gair'). A trick o» 

stratagem of war. 
Sang froid (sahn-frwaw). Coolness. 
Sans (sang). Without. 
Sans-culottes (sang-cu-lot'). The tag-rag; 

the rabble. 
Saucisse (so-ceesO. See the Dictionary. 
Savant (sar'-ang). A learned man. 
Sobriquet (so-bre-kay). A nickname. 
Soi-disant (swaw-dee-zang). Self-styled, 

pretended. 
Soiree iswaw'-ry). An evening party. 
Souvenir (soov-neer'). Remembrance. 
Table-d'hote (tabl-dote). An ordinary at 

which the master of the hotel presides. 
Tartuffe (tar'-toof). See the Dictionary. 
Tete-a-tete (tait-ah-tait). Head to head; a 

private conversation. 
Tirade (tee-rad'). A long in vective speech. 
Ton itoang). The fashion; the mode. 
Torso, It. The trunk of a statue. 
Tour (toor). A journey. 
Toutensemble (too-tahn-sahnbl). The whole. 
Va!et-de-chambre (val-e-deh-skanibr). A 

footman. 
Vetturino ivet-too-ee'n-o), It. The owner or 

driver of an Italian travelling carriage. 
Vignette iveen-yet'). See the Dictionary. 
Vis-a-vis iveez-ah-vee). Face to^jace. 
Vive la bagatelle iveev-la-bag-a-teT). Sue- 
cess to trifles. 
Vivu le roi (veev-ler-waw). Long live the 
king. 



DICTIONARY 



THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 



ABO 



A, the first letter of the alphabet. The form 
of the indefinite article before a consonant, 
or a Towel sounded like a consonant ; as, 
a unit, a eulogy, a ewer; many a one (in 
■which case the vowel o is sounded as if to 
were prefixed). The proper meaning of a 
(or an ■ is one ; as, A bird in the hand is 
worth two in the bush ; but it usually 
means any one of the kind or class ; as, He 
caught a bird. — See An and The. In ex- 
pressions like the following, a has the force 
of to, on, or at ; as, afield, ashore, oside, 
a hunting, a building. It also seems to 
hare a signification denoting proportion ; 
as, twenty pounds a year ; ten a penny ; 
eight miles an hour; but in such cases a 
preposition, as in or for, is understood. 

Aback', ad. backwards or back : la sea term). 

Ab'acus, s. a square table or tablet for count- 
ing ; the uppermost member of a column : 
(in architecture). 

Abaft', ad. towards the after part or stern of 
a ship : (a sea term). 

Abai'sance, s. a bow; a mark of respect. 

A ba'lienate, v. to alienate from : :a law term). 

A ban'don, v. to give up ; to forsake. 

Aban'doned, p. and a. forsaken ; lost to vir- 
tue, irrecoverably wicked. 

Abandonment, *. the act of abandoning. 

Aba'se, v. to debase or bring low, to degrade. 

A ba'sement, s. the state of being brought low. 

A bash', v. to make ashamed, to confuse. 

A bash'ment, *. the state of being ashamed. 

A ba'te, v. to lessen ; to lower in price. 

Aba'tement, s. the act of abating ; the sum 
or quantity abated; a discount or allow- 
ance. In law, a plea in abatement is that 
the suit of the plaintiff may cease for the 
time being. 

Ab'ba, s. a Syriac word for father. 

A b'bacy, s. office or possessions of an abbot. 

AVbess, *. the head or governess of a nunnery. 

Ab'bey, s. a monastery ; a convent. 

Ab'bot, s. the head or chief of a monastery. 

Abbreviate, i». to abridge or shorten. 

Abbreviation, a. the act of abridging ; a con- 
traction. 



Ab'dicate, v. to give up, to resign. 

Abdication, s. the act of giving up ; resigna- 
tion of a crown. 

Abdo'men, *. the lower venter or belly. 

Abdora'inal, a. pertaining to the abdomen. 

Abdu'ce, v . to draw or bring from. 

Abdu'cent, a. drawing from or back. 

Abduc'tion, s. the act of drawing from ; car- 
rying away a person by force. 

Abductor, t. any muscle that contracts. 

Abeceda'rian, s. a teacher of the ABC, of 
alphabet. 

A-bed', ad. in bed, en the bed. 

Aberra'tion, 3. a wandering ; change ci thi 
place of a star or plan«t. 

Abet', v. to set on or encourage ; to aid. 

Abet'ment, *. the act of abetting. 

Abet'ter. Abet'tor, s. one who abets. 

Abey'ance, s. property wot yet in possession ; 
an expectancy : (a law term . 

Abhor', v. to detest, to loathe, to abominate. 

Abhorrence, *. detestation, great hatred. 

Abhor 'rent, a. odious ; contrary or foreign to. 

Abi'de, v. to dwell; to continue in ; to endure. 

Abi'dance, *. continuance, stay. 

Abi'ding, p and a. continuing, staying. 

Abil'ities, s. mental powers or endowments. 

Abil'ity, s. power, skill, capacity. 

Ab'ject, a. mean, worthless, contemptible. 

Ab'jeotness, jr. meanness of mind, servility, 
baseness. 

Abju're, v to cast off or renounce upon oath, 
to forswear, to abandon. 

Abjura'tion, *. the act of abjuring. 

A b'lativo, a. taking from ; the sixth case in 
Latin nouns. 

A'ble, a. powerful, strong; skilful, clever. 

A'ble-bodied, a. strong of bv.dy, robust. 

A'bly, ad. with ability. 

Ab'luont, a. having the power of cleansing. 

Abln'tion, s. the act of cleansing; a purifi- 
cation. 

Abo'ard, ad. in or on board a ship. 

Abo'de, f. a habitation or dwelling-place. 

Abol'ish. v. to annul ; to destroy. 

Aboli"tion, Abol'ishment, *. the act of abol 
ishing. 

B. 



ABO 

AboIi"ticmist, s. one who seeks to abolish. 
Abominable, a. execrable, detestable, hate- 
ful, loathsome. 

Abonilnableness, s. hatefulness, odiousness. 
Abominably, ad. hatefully, odiously. 

Abomina'tion, s. detestation ; pollution. 

Abori"ginal, a. primitive, pristine. 

Abori"gines, s. the first or original inhabi- 
tants of a country. 

Abortion, s. untimely birth, miscarriage. 

Abor'tive, a. untimely, premature. 

Aborliveness, s. the state of abortion. 

Abound', v. to have or be in great plenty. 

About', prep, round, encircling ; near to ; 
concerning ; engaged in : ad. circularly ; 
nearly. "To bring about" is to bring to 
the point desired : " To go about a thing " 
is to prepare to do it. 

Abov'e, prep, higher in place or power : ad. 
overhead, in the air ; in heaven. 

Abov'eboard, ad. openly, fairly. 

Abov'e-mentioned, a. mentioned before. 

Abracadab'ra, s. a superstitious charm against 
agues. 

Abra'de, v. to rub or scrape off ; to wear away. 

Abra'sion, s. the act of rubbing off. 

Abreast', ad. close together, side by side. 

Abrid'ge, v. to contract, to shorten. 

Abridg'mcnt, J. a larger work contracted into 
a smaller compass ; a summary. 

Abroad', ad. without doors ; in foreign coun- 
tries ; widely spread. 

«.b'rogate, v. to annul, to abolish, to repeal. 

Abrogation, s. the act of annulling. 

Abrupt', a. broken ; craggy ; sudden ; uncon- 
nected. 

Abrup'tion. s. a sudden breaking off. 

Abruptly, ad. suddenly; unseasonably. 

Abruptness, s. an abrupt manner. 

Ab'secss, s. a tumour containing matter. 

Abscind', v. to cut off. 

Abseis'sion, s. the act of cutting off. 

Abscond', v. to hide one's self. 

Ab'sent, a. not present ; inattentive or absent 
in mind. 

Absent', v. to keep away, to withdraw. 

Ab'sence, J. the state of being absent. 

Absentee', s. one who is habitually absent 
from his country, or from his business. 

Absenteeism, s. the act or state of being ab- 
sent from one's country. 

Absin'thian, a. of the nature of wormwood. 

Absolv'e, v. to free from ; to clear ; to acquit. 

Absolv'er, s. one who absolves. 

Ab'solute, a. unlimited ; arbitrary. 

Absolutely, ad. unconditionally ;. positively. 

Absoluteness, s. freedom from limits , des- 
potism. 

Absolution, s. the act of absolving. 

Ab'sonant. a. discordant ; absurd. 

Absorb', v. to suck up, to imbibe. 

Absorb'ed, p. sucked up ; immersed in. 

Absor'bent, s. a medicine that absorbs hu- 
mours. 

Absorp'tion, 5. the act of sucking up. 

A bstain', v. to refrain from ; to forbear. 

Abste'miuus, a. temperate, abstinent. 

Abste'miously, ad. temperately, soberly. 

Ahate'miousmess, s. sobriety, temperance. 

Absterge, v. to cleanse by wiping. 

Abstergent, a. having a cleansing quality. 



acq 

Abstersive, a. having a cleansing qua];.-. 

Ab'stinence, s. a refraining from ; fasting. 

Ab'stinent, a. practising abstinence. 

Abstinently, ad. temperately. 

Abstract', v. to draw from, to separate, to 
abridge. 

Ab'stract, s. an abridgment ot epitome : a. 
separate ; existing in the mind only. 

Abstract ed'ness, s. the state of being ab- 
stracted. 

Abstrac'tion, s. the act of abstracting ; ab- 
sence of mmd. 

Abstractly, ad. in an abstract manner. 

Abstru'se, s. hidden, obscure, difficult. 

Abstru'sely, ad. obscurely, not plainly. 

Abstru'seness, s. obscurity ; difficulty. 

Absurd', a. unreasonable ; inconsistent. 

Absurdity, s. that which is absurd ; fully. 

Absurdly, ad. unreasonably, foolishly. 

Abundance, s. great plenty, exuberance. 

Abund'ant, a. plentiful, exuberant. 

Abund antly, ad. plentifully, liberally. 

Abu'se, s. the ill use of any thing ; unjust 
reproach. 

Abu'se, v. to ill use ; to reproach rudely. 

Abu'sive, a. giving abuse. 

Abu'sively, ad. in an abusive manner. 

Abu'siveness, s. uncivil language ; rudeness. 

Abut', v, to end at ; to meet or join. 

Abut'ment, *. that which abuts or borders 
upon. 

Abyss', s. a fathomless depth or gulph. 

Aca'cia, s. the name of a tree ; a drug. 

Acad'emy, s. a school where the arts and 
sciences are taught ; a society for the pro- 
motion of science or art. 

Academi'cian, s. a member of an academy. 

Academic, Academical, a. belonging to an 
academy. 

Acan'thus, s. a prickly shrub. 

Acatalec'tic, s. a verse having the complete 
number of feet. 

Acce'de, v. to comply with, to agree to. 

Accel'erate, v. to increase motion or speed. 

Accel eralion, s. the act of increasing speed. 

Accel 'erative, a. that which increases motioD 
or speed. 

Ac'cent, s. a peculiar tone in speaking or 
pronouncing ; stress or force given to a 
particular syllable in a word ; a mark by 
which The accent is denoted. 

Accent', v. to give or mark the accent. 

Accent'ual, a. relating to accent. 

Acceutua'tion, 5. due placing of the accent. 

Accept', v. to receive, to take, to admit. 

Acceptable, a. likely to be accepted, agree- 
able. 

Acccpt'ableness, s. the quality of being ac- 
ceptable. 

Accept/ably, ad. in an acceptable manner. 

Acceptance, & the act of receiving. In bills 
of exchange, it is an admission that value 
has been received, and consequently an 
undertaking to pay the amount when due. 

Accepta'tion, s. reception ; the received 
meaning of words. 

Accept'er, s. the person that accepts. 

Access', s. admission to a place or person. 

Ae'cessary, a. joined to; additional; con- 
tributing. 

Accessible, a. that which may be approached. 



ACC 

Accession, j. the act of coming to ; addition 

or increase. 
Aceesslonal, a. additional. 
Accessorial, a. pertaining to an accessory. 
Ao'cessory, s. an abettor or accomplice. 
Ac'cidence, s. the rudiments of grammar. 
Ac'cident, s. casualty ; an unforeseen event. 
Accidental, a. casual ; happening by chance ; 

not essential. 
Accident 'ally, ad. casually, fortuitously. 
Aecipltrine, a. rapacious, like a hawk. 
Acclaim', Aeclama'tion, s. shout of applause; 

praise ; exultation. 
Acclarn'atory, a. pertaining to applause. 
Accli'mated, a. inured to the climate. 
Acclivity, s. the ascent of a hill. 
Accola'de, s. a ceremony in making a knight. 
Accom'modate, v. to supply with conveni- 
ences of any kind ; to adapt, to adjust. 
Accom'modating, a. disposed to agree or 
comply with the will of another ; obliging. 
Accommodation, s. provision of conveni- 
ences ; reconciliation ; adjustment. 
Accom'paniment, s. that which accompanies; 
the instrumental parts which accompany 
the vocal in music. 
Accom'pany, v. to associate with, to join with. 
Accom'pliee, s. a partner, an associate. 
Accom'plish, v. to complete ; to execute ; to 

obtain. 
Accom'plishable, a. capable of being accom- 
plished. 
Accomplished, p. and a. completed; elegant. 
Accomplishment, s. completion, ornament 

of mind or body. 
Accompt', Accorupt'ant, for Account and 

Accountant. 
Accord', s. compact; harmony; union. 
Accord', v. to adjust ; to unite ; to agree with. 
Accordance, s. agreement ; conformity. 
According, prep, agreeably to ; in proportion. 
Accordingly, ad. agreeably ; conformably. 
Accost, v. to address ; to salute. 
Accost'able, a. easy of access ; familiar. 
Accou'ehement, s. a delivery or lying-in. 
Accou'cheur, s. a man mid-wife. 
Account', v. to compute; to answer for; to 
esteem or hold in opinion ; to assign the 
causes. 
Account', s. a computation ; narration ; esti- 
mation. 
Accountability, s. liability to give account. 
Account'able, a. liable to account, responsible. 
Account'ableness, s. the being accountable. 
Account'-book, s. a book of accounts. 
Account'ant, s. one who keeps accounts. 
Account'aiUship, s. office of an accountant. 
Accounting, s. the act of adjusting accounts. 
Accou'tre, v. to equip, to dress, to furnish. 
Accou'trements, s.pl. equipments; trappings. 
Accredit, v. to give trust or confidence to ; 

to countenance. 
Accredited, p. and a. received as having a 

title to credit ; trusted; believed. 
Accru'e, v. to arise from ; to be added to. 
Accu'mulate, v. to pile or heap up ; to in- 
crease. 
Accumulation, s. a heaping up ; a heap. 
Accu'm ulative, a. endued with the quality 

of collecting or increasing. 
Accu'm ulator, s. a gatherer together. 



3 



ACR 



Ac'curacy, Ac'curateness, s. exactness ; cor- 
rectness. 

Ac'curate, a. very exact ; done with care. 

Ac'curately, ad. without error ; nicely. 

Accur'sed, p. and a. that which is doomed 
to misery ; execrable, hateful, detestable. 

Accu'sable, a. that may be accused ; culpable. 

Accu'sant, s. he who accuses another. 

Aceusa'tion, j. charge, impeachment. 

Accusative, a. a term in Latin grammar ap- 
plied to the fourth case of nouns : in 
English it corresponds to the objective 
case. 

Accu'satory, a. that which produces or con- 
tains an accusation. 

Accu'se, v. to charge with a crime. 

Accu'sed, s. one charged with a crime. 

Accu'ser, s. one who prefers a complaint. 

Accus'tom, v. to habituate ; to inure. 

Accus'tomcd, p. and a. habituated, used. 

Ace, s. a unit on cards or dice ; a trifle. 

Acel'dama, s. [Heb. i a field of blood. 

Aceph'alous, a. without a head. 

Acerbity, s. a sourness ; severity. 

Acerva'tion, s. the act of heaping together. 

Aces'cent, a. tending to sourness. 

Acctlc-acid, s. vinegar in a particularly con- 
centrated state. 

Ace'tous, a. having a sour quality. 

Ace'tum, s. vinegar. 

Ache, s. a continued pain : v. to be in pain. 

Achier'able, a. that may be achieved. 

Achio've, v. to perform ; to obtain. 

Achievement, s. a deed, a performance ; the 
escutcheons, or ensigns armorial. 

A'ching, s. a continued pain ; uneasiness. 

Achromatic, a. contrived to remedy aberra- 
tions and colours in telescopes. 
Ac'ld, a. sour, sharp : g. an acid substance. 
Acid'ulate, v. to make slightly acid. 

Acid'ulous, a. sourish ; of a pungent flavour. 
Acknowl'edge, v. to own or admit the 

knowledge of; to confess as a fault. 
Acknowledgment, s. concession ; gratitude. 
Ac'me, s. the height or crisis of any thing. 
Acol'othist, Ac'olyte, s. a deacon. 
Ac'onite, s. wolfsbane ; poison. 
A'corn, s. the seed or fruit of the oak. 
Acous'tic, a. that which relates to hearing. 
Acous'tics, s. the doctrine of sounds; medi- 
cines used to assist the hearing. 
Acquaint', v. to make familiar with ; to in- 
form ; to make known. 
Acquaint'ance, s. familiarity; an associate; 

a person with whom we are acquainted. 
Aequaint'ed, a. familiar ; well known to. 
Aequies'ce, v. to yield, submit, comply. 
Acquies'cence, Acquies'cency, s. compliance. 
Acquies'cent, a. easy ; submitting. 
Acquirable, a. that may be had, or attained. 
Acqui're, v. to get, to attain, to gain. 
Acquirement, s. an attainment. 
Acquisition, s. acquirement, attainment. 
Acquisitiveness, s. desiro to acquire. 
Acquit', v. to discharge ; set free ; absolve. 
Acquitment, s. the act of discharging. 
Acquit'tal, s. deliverance from an offence. 
Aequit'tanee, s. a discharge from debt. 
A'cro, s. 4S40 square yards of land. 
A'cred, a. possessing acres of land. 
Ac'rid, a. having a hot biting taste ; bitter. 
B2 



ACIi 



ABM 



Acrimo'nious, a. abounding with acrimony. 
Acrimo'niously, ad. angrily, with acrimony. 
Ac'rimony, s. sharpness: severity of temper. 
Acron'ycal, a. rising when the sun sets, or 

setting with the sun. 
Acrop'olis, j. a citadel ; the Athenian citadel. 
Across', ad. athwart, laid over any thing. 
Acros'tic, s. a kind of poem, in which the 

first letter of each line forms a name. 
Act, v. to do, to perform ; to imitate : s. a 

deed, an exploit ; part of a play. 
A ct'ing, s. the act of performing. 
Ac'tion, s. the state of motion ; gesture in 

speaking ; a deed ; a battle ; a law-suit. 
Ac'tionable, a. liable to a process of law. 
Ac'tionary, Ac'tionist, s. one that has a share 

in the stocks or public funds. 
Action-taking, a. litigious ; fond of law. 
Active, a. nimble, agile, quick, busy. 
Actively, ad. nimbly, briskly, quickly. 
Activeness, Activity, s. nimbleness. 
Actor, s. one that performs ; a stage player. 
Ae'trcss, s. a female stage player. 
Actual, a. real ; certain ; not speculative. 
Actuality, Ac'tualness, s. real existence. 
Ac'tually, ad. in act, iu effect, really. 
.AC'tuary, s. a registrar, or clerk of a court. 
Acu'leated, a. having a point. 
Ac'tuate, v. to put into action ; to move. 
Ac'tuate, Ac'tuated, p. and a. put into action. 
Acu'men, s. quickness of intellect. 
Acu'minated, a. ending in a sharp point. 
Acu'minous, a. sharp, pointed. 
Acupunc'ture, s> a method of bleeding by 

making small punctures. 
Acute, a. sharp, keen, subtle, ingenious ; 

an accent marked thus ('). 
Acu'tely, ad. sharply, keenly, ingeniously. 
Acuteness, s. sharpness, subtleness. 
Ad'age, j. a proverb ; a common saying. 
Ada'gio, s. (in music) a term for slow time. 
Ad'amant, j. a diamond ; a loadstone. 
Adamante'an, a. very hard, impenetrable. 
Adamantine, a. made of adamant ; hard. 
Adam's-apple, s. a prominent part of the 

throat. 
Adapt', v. to fit, to suit> to proportion. 
Adaptability, s. the capability of adjustment. 
Adapt'able, a. fitted, capable of adaptation. 
Adapta'tion, Adap'tion, s. the act of fitting. 
Add, v. to join to, to increase, to sum up. 
Add'ible, a. that may be added. 
Addeem', v. to account, to reckon. 
Adden'da, *. pi. additions made to any thing. 
Adden'dum,*.addition or appendix to a work. 
A d'der, s. a venomous serpent ; a viper. 
Adder's-grass, s. the name of a plant. 
Addor's-tongue, s. the name of an herb. 
Addibil'ity, I. the possibility of being added. 
Addict', v. to devote, to accustom. 
Addi"tion, s. an adding ; a rule in arithmetic. 
Additional, a. added, something added. 
Additionally, ad. in addition. 
Addi"tionary, a. that may be added. 
Ad'dle, Ad'dled, a. ban-en, empty ; usually 

applied to such eggs as are Totten. 
Ad 'die-headed, Ad'dle-pated, a. having bar- 
ren brains, weak, silly. 
Addooin', v to adjudge. 
Addor'sed, a. (in heraldry) back to back. 
Address', v to speak or apply to ; to direct 



to ; to prepare for any action : s. a peti- 
tion ; direction ; mode of behaviour. 
Addresser, s. the person that addresses. 

Addu'ce, v. to bring forward; to allege. 

Addu'cent, a. leading to, contracting. 

Addu'cible, a. that may be brought forward. 

Adduction, 5. the act of adducing. 

Adduc'tive, a. that brings forward. 

Adductor, s. any muscle that contracts. 

Ademption, s. revocation, privation. 

Adept', s. one well versed in an art: a 
skilled, thoroughly versed. 

Ad'equacy, Ad'equateness, s. sufficiency. 

Ad'equately, ad. in an adequate manner. 

Ad'equate, a. proportionate, equal to. 

Adhe re, v. to stick ; to remain fixed. 

Adhe'rence, Adhe'rency, s. fidelity ; tenacity. 

Adhe'rent, a. united with ; sticking. 

Adhe'rent, Adhe'rer, s. a follower; partisan. 

Adhe'rently, adv. in an adherent manner. 

Adhe'sion, s. the act of sticking to something. 

Adhe'sive, a. sticking ; tenacious. 

Adhe'sively, ad. in an adhesive manner. 

Adhe'siveness, s. stickiness ; tenacity. 

Adieu', ad. a word expressive of good wishes, 
used at parting with a friend, or in con- 
cluding a letter; farewell. 

Adit, j. a passage under ground for miners. 

Adja'cent, a. lying close to, contiguous. 

Adject', v. to add to, to put to. 

Ad'jective, s. a word added to qualify a noun. 

Ad'jective^, ad. as an adjective. 

Adjoin', t. to join or unite. 

Adjoining, p. and a. being close to, near to. 

Adjourn', v. to put off, to defer. 

Adjourn'ment, *. putting off to another day. 

Adjud'ge, v. to decree, to pass sentence. 

Adju'dicate, v. to determine by law. 

Adjudication, A djudglnent, s. act of judging: 

Ad'junct, s. something joined to another • 
a. united with, joined to. 

Adjura'tion, *. the act of adjuring. 

Adju're, v. to impose an oath, to charge 
solemnly. 

Adiust', v. to regulate ; to put in order ; to 
settle. 

Adjusting, Adjust'ment, s. the act of regu- 
lating. 

Adjus'tive, a. capable of being adjusted. 

Ad'jutancy, s. the office of an adjutant. 

Ad'jutant, s. a military officer, whose duty 
is to assist the major. 

Adminicle, *. a help ; support. 

Administer, v. to give, to supply ; to per- 
form the office of an administrator. 

Administration, s. the act of administering ; 
the persons collectively who are intrusted 
with the affairs of government. 

Administrative, a. that which administers, 
or by which one administers. 

Administra'tor, s. masc. Administratrix, s 
fern, one who manages the affairs of a per- 
son dying intestate. 

Administra'torship, s. office of administrator. 

Ad'mirableness. s. the state or quality of 
being admirable. 

A d'mirable, a.to be admired ; good, excellent. 

Ad'mirably, ad. wonderfully, excellently. 

Ad'miral, s. the chief commander of a fleet. 

Ad'miralty, *. the office for naval affairs. 

Admiration, s. act of admiring ; wonder 






ADM 

Adrui're, v. to regard with wonder and love ; 

to esteem. 
Adnii'rer, s. one that admires ; a lover. 

Admi'ringly, ad. in an admiring manner. 

Admissibility, s. quality of being admissible. 

Admis'sible, a. that may be admitted. 

Admis"sion, s. access ; the state of being ad- 
mitted ; allowance of an argument. 

Admit', v. to grant entrance ; to allow. 

Admit'table, a. that may be admitted. 

Admittance, s. the act of admitting ; per- 
mission to enter ; entrance. 

Admix', v. to mingle or mix with. 

Admixlure, s. the substance of bodies mixed. 

Admonish, v. to warn, to reprove. 

Admon'isher, s. an adviser, a reprover. 

Admoni"tion, s. reproof, advice, counsel. 

Admon'itive, a. that admonishes. 

Admon'itor, s. one who admonishes. 

Admon'itory, a. warning, admonishing. 

Adnas'cent, a. growing upon something else. 

Ad'noun, s. an adjective. 

Adnu'bilated, a. clouded, darkened. 

Ado', *. trouble, confusion, bustle. 

Adoles'cence, Adoles'cency, s. prime of youth. 

Adoies'cent, a. advancing to manhood. 

Adopt', v. to take a son or daughter by 
choice, who was not so by birth ; to take 
or assume as one's own. 

Adop'tion, s. the making that our own which 
does not naturally belong to us. 

Adoptive, a. capable of being adopted. 

Ado'rable, a. worthy of adoration ; divine. 

Ado'rableness,*. quality of exciting adoration. 

Adora'tion, s. divine worship ; homage. 

A do're, v. to worship ; to honour highly. 

Ado'rer, s. one who adores ; a worshipper. 

Adorn', v. to dress, decorate, embellish. 

Adorn'ment, Adorn'ing, s. embellishment. 

Adow'n, prep, down ; towards the ground. 

Adread', ad. in a state of fear. 

Adrift, ad. floating at random. 

Adroit', a. dexterous, skilful, active. 

Adroit'ly, ad. dexterously, nimbly, skilfully. 

Adroit'ness, s. dexterity, skill, activity. 

Adry^, a. thirsty, desirous to drink. 

Adsciti"tious, a. borrowed, added. 

Adstric'tion, s. the act of binding together. 

Adula'tion, s. high compliment, flattery. 

Ad'ulator, s. a flatterer. 

Ad'ulatory, a. flattering, highly compli- 
mental. 

Adult', s. a person arrived at maturity: a. 

grown up. 
Aclul'terate, v. to corrupt, to debase: a. cor- 
rupted, debased. 

AduJtera'tion, s. the state of being adulter- 
ated ; mixture with some foreign body. 

Adul'terer, s. a person guilty of adultery. 
Adul'teress, s. a woman guilty of adultery. 
Adul'terously, ad. in an adulterous maimer. 

(Adul'tery, s. violation of the marriage bed. 
Adum'brate, v. to shadow out faintly. 
Adumbra'tion, s. a slight sketch or outline. 
Adun'cous, Adun'que, a. crooked, hooked 
Adust', Adust'ed, a. burnt up, scorched. 
Adus'tion, s. act of burning, or drying. 
Adva'nce, v. to bring forward; to improve; 

to propose; to move onwards. 
Adva'nce, s. progression ; improvement. 
Adva'nce men t, s. preferment ; progression. 



AFA 

Advantage, s. superiority ; benefit ; gain : v. 

to benefit ; to improve ; to promote. 
Advanta'geous, a. convenient ; profitable. 
Advanta'geously, ad. conveniently, profit- 
ably. 
Advanta'geousness, s. usefulness, profit. 
Ad'vent, s. the name of one of the holy sea- 
sons, signifying the coming of our Saviour; 
four weeks before Christmas. 
Adventitious, a. accidental, not natural. 
Adventf'tiously, ad. accidentally. 
Adven'ture, v. to try the chance ; to dare J 

s. an accident ; an enterprise ; hazard. 
Adven'turer, s. one who hazards a chance. 
Adven'turous, a. courageous, daring, enter- 
prising. 
Adven'turousness, s. quality of being adven- 
turous. 
Adven'turously, ad. boldly, hazardously. 
Ad'verb, s. that part of speech which is put 
with a verb, &c. to qualify or modify the 
meaning. 
Adver'bial, a. that relates to adverbs. 
Adver'biaily, ad. in manner of an adverb. 
Ad'versary, s. an antagonist, enemy. 
Adver'sative, a. implying opposition. 
Ad'verse, a. contrary to ; calamitous. 
Ad'versely, ad. oppositely ; unfortunately. 
Ad'verseness, s. opposition ; misfortune. 
Adver'sity, s. misery, calamity, affliction. 
Advert', v. to turn or attend to ; to regard. 
Adver'tence, Adver'tency, s. attention to. 
Adver'tent, a. attentive ; heedful. 
Adverti'se, v. to givo public notice. 
Advertisement, ^.public notice ; information. 
Adverti'ser, v. one who gives public notice. 
Advi'ce, s. counsel, instruction, intelligence. 
Advi'sable, a. prudent, fit to be advised. 
Advi'sableness, s. fitness ; propriety. 
Advi'se, v. to counsel, to inform. 
Advi'sed, p. and a. informed, performed 

with deliberation. 
Advi'sedly, ad. deliberately ; prudently. 
Advi'ser, s. one who advises ; a counsellor. 
Ad'vocacy, s. the act of pleading ; support. 
Advocate, s. a pleader ; an intercessor : v . 

to plead, to support, to defend. 
Advowee', s. he that has the right of ad- 

vowson. 
Advow'son, s. a right to present to a benefice. 
Ad'ytum, s. the inner part of a temple ; a 

vestry. 
Adze, s. an edged tool used by coopers. 
JE'dile, s. a Roman magistrate, appointed to 

inspect all buildings. 
iE'gis, s. a shield ; the shield of Minerva. 
-iEne'id, s. the heroic poem of Virgil. 
/Eo'lian, a. belonging to the wind. 
A'erate, v. to combine with fixed air. 
Ae'rial, a. belonging to the air ; high. 
A'erolite, s. a meteoric stone. 
Aerol'ogy, s. the theory of the air. 
Aerom'cter, s. machine for weighing air. 
A'eronaut, s. one who sails through the air. 
Aeronau'tio, a. sailing through the air. 
Aeronau'tics, s. the art of aerial suspension. 
Aerostatics, s. the science of sustaining 

bodies suspended in the air. 
^E'thiops-mineral, s. quicksilver and sulphm 

ground together to a black powder. 
Afar 7 , ad. from a great distance, remotely. 



AFE 

Afea'rd, a. afraid, terrified. 

Affability, s. condescension ; courteousness. 

Affable, a. easy of manners, benign, mild. 

Affableness, s. condescension ; civility. 

Affably, ad. civilly, courteously. 

Affair 7 , j. transaction, business, concern. 

Affect', v. to produce an effect upon ; to 

move the passions ; to aim at or aspire to. 
Affecta'tion, s. making an artificial show. 
Affect'ed, a. conceited ; moved. 
Affect'edly, ad. hypocritically, conceitedly. 
Affect'edness, s. the state of being affected. 
Affecting, p. and a. moving the feelings. 
Affecting] y, ad. in an affecting manner. 
Affec'tion, s. love, kindness, zeal. 
Affec'tionate, a. warm, loving, benevolent. 
Affec'tionately, ad. tenderly, benevolently. 
Affec'tionateness, s. fondness ; tenderness. 
Affec'tioned, a. affected ; mentally disposed. 
Affective, a. that affects ; moving. 
Affectively, ad. in an impressive manner. 
Affettuo'so, a. [Ital.] in music) tenderly. 
Affi'ance, s. a contract ; confidence in the 

divine promises : v. to betroth, to bind. 
Affida'vit, s. a written declaration on oath. 
Affilia'tion, s. the adoption of a child. 
Affinity, s. relation by marriage ; attraction. 
Affirm', v. to declare confidently. 
Affirm' able, a. that may be affirmed. 
Affirma'tion, *. declaration, confirmation. 
Affirm 'ative, a. that affirms ; that can or may 

be affirmed ; positive : s. that which con- 
tains an affirmation. 
Affirm'atively, ad. positively, absolutely. 
Affix', v. to unite, to subjoin. 
Affix, s. a particle united to the end of a 

word. 
Affla'tus, s. the communication of the power 

or spirit of prophecy ; a vapour ; breath. 
Afflict/, v. to grieve, trouble, torment. 
Afflicfedness, s. the state of affliction. 
Afnicfer, s. one who afflicts. 
Afflict' ingly, ad. in an afflicting manner. 
Affliction, s. sorrow, misery, calamity. 
Afflictive, a. painful, tormenting. 
Affluence, A f fluency, s. riches, plenty, 

abundance. 
Affluent, a. wealthy, abundant, exuberant. 
Affluently, ad. in an affluent manner. 
Afflux, Af fluxion, s. the act of flowing; that 

which flows from one place to another. 
Affo'rd, v. to yield, or produce ; to grant ; to 

be able to bear expenses. 
Affray', v. to fright, to terrify : s. a quarrel, 

disturbance, tumult. 
Affri'ght, v. to alarm, terrify. 
Affri'ght, s. terror, fear. 
Affri'ghtful, a. terrible ; dreadful. 
Affront', s. outrage, insult, disgrace : v. to 

insult, to offend, to provoke. 
Affronfive, a. abusive, injurious. 
AAV, v. to betroth ; to put trust in. 
Afield', ad. to or in the field. 
Afloat', ad. borne up by water ; floating. 
Afoot', ad. on foot ; in action, in motion. 
Afo're, prep, before, sooner in time. 
Afo'rehand, ad. previously prepared. 
Afo'rementioned, a. mentioned before. 
Afo'renamed, a. before named. 
Afo'resaid, a. said before. 
Afc'retime, ad. in time past. 



3 AGI 

Afraid', a. struck with fear, terrified. 
Afresh', ad. anew, again, once more. 
Afric, African, a. pertaining to Africa. 
Aft, ad. abaft ; towards the stern : (a sea 

term). 
After, prep, behind : ad. following another ; 
in pursuit of; in imitation of; in succeed- 
ing time. 
Aftcract, s. a subsequent act. 
Afterages, «•. succeeding ages. 
Afterolap, s. an event happening after an 

affair is supposed to be at an end. 
Aftercourse, s. future course. 
Aftercrop, s. the second crop. 
Af terhours, s. the hours after business hours. 
Afterlife, s. the remainder of life. 
Aftermath, s. the second crop of grass. 
Afternoon', s. time from noon to evening. 
Afterpains, s. pains after birth. 
Afterpart, s. the latter part. 
Afterpiece, s. a farce, or any smaller enter- 
tainment, after the play. 
Afterstate, s. the future state. 
A f terthought, s. reflection after the act. 
Af tertimes, s. succeeding times. 
Afterwards, ad. in subsequent time. 
Afterwise, a. wise too late. 
Afterwit, s. wisdom that come3 too late. 
Af terwrath, s. anger when the provocatioa 

seems past. 
A'ga, s. a Turkish military officer of rank. 
Again', ad. once more ; in return. 
Against', prep, in opposition to ; to the hurt of. 
Aga'pe, ad. staring with surprise. 
Aga'st, Agha'st, a. struck with terror. 
Ag'ate, s. a semi-pellucid precious stone. 
Ag'atized, a. marked like an agate. 
Age, s. any period of time ; a hundred years ; 

generation of men ; maturity. 
A'ged, a. advanced in years: s. old persons. 
A'gency, s. management of another's affairs, 
Agen'da, s. church service ; memorandum- 
book. 
A'gent, s. a deputy : a. acting upon. 
A'gentship, s. the office of an agent. 
Agglom'erate, v. to gather up in a ball. 
Agglomera'tion, s. a mass, a heap. 
Agglu'tinate, v. to unite together by adhe- 
sion. 
Agglutina'tion, s. union, cohesion. 
Ag'grandize, v. to enlarge, to exalt. 
Aggran'dizement, s. the state of being ex- 
alted or preferred ; great advancement. 
Ag'grandizcr, s. he that aggrandizes. 
Ag'gravate, v. to make worse ; to provoke. 
Aggravation, s. the act of exciting to anger. 
Ag'gregate, a. framed by the collection of 
sundry parts into one mass : s. the result 
of the conjunction of many particulars: 
v. to add or heap together. 
Ag'gregateiy, ad. collectively ; taken in mass. 
Aggregation, s. the state of being collected. 
Aggress', v. to assault or injure first. 
Aggres'sion, s. the first act of injury. 
Aggres'sive, a. making the first attack. 
Aggress'or, ,s. one who first assaults another. 
Aggrie'vance, s. hardship, wrong, injury. 
Aggrie've, v. to injure, to harass. 
Aggrie'ved, p. and a. afflicted, injured. 
A"gile, a. nimble, ready, active. 
A"gileness, Agility, s. activity, speed. 



AGI 



ALE 



A'gio, s. the difference between the value of , 

hank-notes and the current money. 
Agist', v. to let cattle feed in pasture grounds 

at so much per week. 
Agist'ment, s. feeding of cattle in a common 

pasture for a fixed price. 
A"gitate, v. to put in motion ; to discuss. 
Agita'tion, s. the act of shaking any thing ; 

perturbation of the mind ; discussion. 
A"gitativo, a. having the power to agitate. 
A'gitator, s. one that agitates. 
Agluti"tion, s. difficulty of swallowing. 
Agni"tion, s. an acknowledgment. 
Agnomen, s. a name given to any one on 

account of some action or circumstance. 
Ago', ad. iu past time : as, long ago. 
Agog 7 , ad. in a state of desire. 
Ago'ing, ad. in action, moving. 
Ago'ne, ad. ago ; past. 

Agonist'ic, Agonist'ical, a. relating to prize- 
lighting, or athletic contests. 
Ag'onize, v. to be in extreme pain. 
Agoni'zingly, ad. painfully feeling. 
Ag'ony, s. anguish, pangs of death. 
Agra'rian, a. relating to fields or grounds, or 

to the equal division of lands. 
A gree', v. to accord, to concur, to settle. 
Agreeabil'ity, s. easiness of disposition. 
Agree'able, a. conformable to ; pleasing. 
Agree'ableness, s. the quality of pleasing. 
Agreo'ably, ad. consistently ; pleasingly. 
Agree'ingly, ad. in conformity with. 
Agree'ment, s. concord ; compact ; bargain. 
Agres'tical, Agres'tial, a. rude ; belonging 

to the fields. 
Agricultural, a. relating to agriculture. 
Ag'riculture, s. tillage, husbandry. 
Agriculturist, s. one skilled in agriculture. 
Aground', ad. run ashore ; stranded. 
A'gue, s. an intermitting fever, with cold fits. 
A'gue-fit, s. the paroxysm of an ague. 
A'guish, a. having the qualities of an ague. 
Ah, int. denoting pity, surprise, joy, &c. 
Aha', int. a word of triumph and scorn. 
Ahead', ad. farther on ; precipitantly. 
Ahoy', int. a word used to hail or call to 

persons at a distance : (a sea term). 
Aid, v. to succour, to help, to relievo. 
Aid'-de-camp, s. military officer attending 

on a general to convey orders, &o. 
Ai'gret, s. a species of heron. 
Ai'gulet, s. a point of gold at the end of a 

fringe. 
Ail, v. to be sick or in pain : s. a 
Ail'ing, a. disordered, sickly. 
Ail'ment, s. pain, disease, affliction. 
Aim, v. to direct towards a mark, to 

*. direction, endeavour, design. 
Aim'less. a. without aim. 
Air, s. tho fluid which we breathe ; 

wind ; a tune or melody ; the mien of a 

person : v. to exposo to the air ; to warm. 
Ah/halloo'ii, s. See Balloon. 
AirTjladder, s. a vesiclo filled with air. 
Air'born, a. born of the air; fanciful. 
Ai/brjilt, a. built in the air ; imaginary. 
Air'drawn, a. painted in air ; visionary. 
Air'.nn, *. a gun charged with air. 
Air'ily, ad. gaily, merrily, briskly. 
Airiness, s. exposure to the air ; gayety. 
Air'ing, *. a short excursion to enjoy the air. 



Air'poise, s. an instrument for weighing tie 
air. 

Air'pump, s. an air-extracting machine. 

Air'shafr,, s. a passage for the air into mines. 

Air'tight, a. impervious to the air. 

Air'y, a. belonging to the air ; gay, sprightly. 

Aisle, Aile, 5. the wing or side of a church. 

Ajar', ad. partly opened. 

Akin', a. related to ; resembling ; alike. 

Al'abaster, s. a kind of soft white marble l 
a. made of or belonging to alabaster. 

Alack', int. alas, an expression of sorrow. 

Alack'aday, int. a familiar word of sorrow. 

Alac'rity, s. cheerfulness, briskness, readi- 
ness. 

Alamo'de, ad. [Fr.] according to the fashion. 

Alarm', v. to surprise ; to call to arms. 

Alarm', s. a notice of danger ; sudden terror. 

Aiarm'-bell, s. the bell that is rung at the 
approach of an enemy. 

Alarm'ing, a. producing alarm ; frightful. 

Alarm'ingly, ad. in an alarming manner. 

Alarm'ist, s. one who excites an alarm. 

Alarm'-watch, s. a watch that strikes the 
hour by regulated movement. 

Alar'um, s. an alarm-bell ; a clock. 

Alas', int. denoting pity or grief. 

Alb, a whito linen vestment worn by priests. 

Al'batross, s. a large south sea bird. 

Albe'it, ad. although, notwithstanding. 

Albes'cent, a. becoming white ; whitish. 

Albigen'ses, s. a sect of Protestants, so called 
from Albi, in Languedoe, in France. 

Albi'no, s. a white descendant of black pa- 
rents ; a negro whose skin turns white. 

Albugin'eous, a. like the white of an ogg. 

Albugo, s. a disease in the eye, in which the 
cornea contracts a whiteness. 

Al'bum, s. a blank book for the insertion of 
autographs, &c. 

Albu'men, s. tho white of an egg. 

Alburn'um, s. the soft white part of wood. 

Alcaid', s. in Barbary, the governor of a 
oastle ; in Spain, the judge of a city. 

Alchym'io, Alchym'ical, a. relating to al- 
chymy. 

Al'chymist, S. a professor of alchymy. 

Al'chymy, *. occult chemistry or the pre- 
tended science of the transmutation of 
metals ; a mixed metal so called. 

Al'cohol, s. the substance of any body re- 
duced into a fine impalpable powder; a 
pure rectified spirit. 

Alcoholic, a. partaking of alcohol. 

Alcoholiza'tion, s. act of rectifying spirits. 

Ai'coholize, v. to convert into alcohol. 

Alco'ran. [See Alkoran]. 

Alco've, s. an arbour ; a recess in a chamber. 

Aldebaran', s. a star in the constellation 
Taurus. 

Al'der, s. a tree resembling the hazel. 

A l'derman, j. a magistrateofatown corporate. 

Ale, s. a fermented malt liquor. 

A'lebrewer, s. one who brews ale. 

Aleo', ad. on the side opposite to that against 
which the wind blows : (a sea term). 

A'lefed, a. fed with ale. 

Al'egar, s. sour ale. 

A'lehouso, j. a house where malt liquor is 
sold ; a public-house. 

Alem'bie, *. a vessel used in distilling. 



ALE 



8 - 



ALM 



Alength', ad. at full 

Aler?, a. watchful, vigilant, brisk. 

Alert'ness, s. sprightliness, briskness. 

Alexan'drian, a. pertaining to Alexandria. 

Alexan'driue, s. a verse of twelve syllables : 
(first used in a French poem called Alex- 
ander.) 

Algebra, s. a peculiar kind of arithmetic 

Algebraic, Algebraical, a. pertaining to 
the science of algebra. 

Algebraically, ad. by means of algebra. 

Algebraist, *. one well versed in algebra. 

Al'gid, a. cold, chill. 

Alguazil', s. a Spanish bailiff or constable. 

A 'lias, [Lat.] ad. otherwise : s. in law, a writ. 

Al'ibi, [Lat.] s. elsewhere ; in another place. 

A'lien, s. a foreigner ; a stranger : a. foreign, 
estranged, averse to. 

Alienable, a. that may be transferred. 

Alienate, v. to transfer to another ; to with- 
draw the affections : a. estranged. 

Aliena'tion, s. the act of transferring ; change 
of affection ; mental derangement. 

Ali'ght, v. to descend, to dismount. 

Ali'ke, ad. with resemblance ; equally. 

Ailment, s. nutriment, food, support. 

Alimen'tal, a. nutritive, nourishing. 

Alimen'tary, a. belonging to food. 

Alimony, 5. the allowance to a married wo- 
man when separated from her husband. 

Aliquant, a. a portion of a number, which, 
however repeated, will never make up the 
number required ; as, 3 is an aliquant of 
10. thrice 3 being 9, and 1 wanted. 

Aliquot, s. any portion of a given number 
which, being multiplied, will amount to 
that given number exactly ; as, 3 is an ali- 
quot part of 12. 

Ali've, a. existing, active, sprightly. 

Al'kali, s. a salt which neutralizes acids. 

Al'kaline, a. having the quality of alkali. 

Al'kalize, v. to render alkaline. 

Al'koran,j.the book of the Mahometan creed. 

All, a. the whole of: s. the whole number 
or quantity ; every one : ad. wholly, com- 
pletely. 

All, in composition, is used adverbially, to 
extend the meaning of, or give force to, a 
word ; as all-beauteous, all-destroying, &c. 
In some words it becomes completely in- 
corporated, and drops an I ; as in almost, 
also, alone, &c. 

Alia, Allah, s. (with Mahometans) God. 

Allay', v. to compose, to pacify. 

Allay 7 , s. formerly any baser metal mixed 
with a superior kind ; now written Alloy. 

Allegation, Alle"gement, s. affirmation ; a 
plea. 

Alle"ge, v. to declare, to maintain, to plead. 

Al.le"geable, a. that which may be alleged. 

Alle'giance, s. duty of subjects to government. 

Allegorical, a. not real ; not literal. 

Allegorlcally, ad. after an allegorical manner. 

Allegorize, v. to turn into allegory. 
Allegory, s. in rhetoric, a figurative manner 
of speech, in which something other is in- 
tended, than is written or said. 

Allegret'to, ad. less quick than allegro. 
Alle'gro, ad. sprightly, quick, (in music). 
Allelu'jah, s. a word signifying praise God. 
Alle'viate, v. to make light, to ease, to soften. 



Allevia'tion, s. that by which any pain is 
lessened, or any fault extenuated. 

Alley, s. any narrow passage or walk. 

All-fools'-day, 5. the first of April. 

All-fours, s. a low game at cards. 

Allhallows, ,s. the term near All Saints. 

Alli'ance, s. relation by marriage or kindred ; 
a league with foreign powers. 

Allies', s. pi. states which have entered into 
a league for their mutual defence. 

Alliga'tion, s. the act of tying together ; one 
of the rules of arithmetic. 

Alligator, s. the American crocodile. 

Allitera'tion, 5. the beginning two or more 
words with the same letter. 

All iterative, a. beginning with the same 
letter. 

Alloca'tion, s. act of placing or adding to. 

Allocu'tion, s. the act of speaking to another. 

Allo'dial, a. independent of any superior. 

Allo'dium, s. a possession held in one's own 
right without paying rent or service to any 
superior. 

Allot', v. to give by lot ; to distribute ; gTant. 

Allot'ment, s. the part allotted to any one. 

Allow 7 , v. to admit or acknowledge ; to per- 
mit, yield, or grant ; to make an abate- 
ment in selling. 

Allow'able, a. that may be permitted, lawful. 

Allow'ablen-2ss, s. lawfulness. 

Allow'ably, ad. with claim of allowance. 

Allow'ance, s. indulgence, sanction, licence ; 
a deduction ; a stipend. 

Alloy', s. baser metal mixed in coinage ; the 
evil that is mixed with good. 

Alloy 7 , v. to reduce the purity of a metal ; 
to debase by mixture. 

Alloy'age, s. the act of alloying metals. 

All-souls'-day, s. the day on which supplica- 
tions are made for all souls by the Church 
of Rome ; the second of November. 

All'spiee, s. Jamaica pepper or pimenta. 

Allu'de, v. to hint at, to insinuate, refer to. 

Allu're, v. to entice, to decoy, to wheedle. 

Allu'rement, s. enticement, temptation. 

Allu'rer, s. he that allures or entices. 

Allulingly, ad. in an enticing manner. 

Allu'sion, s. reference, hint, application. 

Allusive, a. hinting at something. 

Allu'sively, ad. in an allusive manner. 

Allu'siveness, s. the quality of being allusive. 

Allu'via, s. small islands thrown up by the 
current of a river. 

Allu'vial, a. carried by water and deposited. 

Allu'vion, Allu'vium, s. earth carried by the 
motion of water and deposited. 

Ally', v. to unite by friendship or kindred : 
s. a friend, a confederate, a relation. 

Al'manac, s. an annual calendar. 

Almigh'tiness, 5. omnipotence. 

Almigh'ty, a. of unlimited power, omnipo- 
tent: s. the Divine Being ; God. 

Al'mond, s. the fruit of the almond-tree. 

Al'monds, s. the two glands of the throat ; the 
tonsils, improperly called almonds of the 
ears. 

Al'moner, s. the officer of a prince employed 
in the distribution of alms or charity. 

Al'monry, s. the place where alms are given. 

Almo'st, ad. nearly, near, well nigh. 

Alms, s. any thing given to the poor. 



ALM 



A MB 



Alms'-basket, s. the basket in which provi- j 

sions are put to be given away. 
Alms'dced, 5. an act of charity. 
Alms'giver, s. one who gives alms. 
Aims'house, *. a free dwelling for the poor. 
Al'oe, s. a plant, of which there are several 
species, African, Asiatic, and American ; 
the medicinal gum of the plant. 
Aloft', ad. <>n high ; in the air ; above. 
Alo'ne, a. single, without company, solitary. 
Along 7 , ad. at length ; onward ; forward. 
Alongside, ad. by the side of. 
Aloof, ad. at a distance but in view of. 
Alou'd, ad. loudly, with much noise. 
Alpaca, s. a quadruped ; the paca. 
Alpha, s. the first letter in the Greek alpha- 
bet, answering to our A ; it is therefore 
used to signify the first or highest. 
Al'phabet, s. the letters of any language. 
Alphabetical, a. in the order of the alphabet. 
Alphabetically, ad. in an alphabetical man- 
ner or order. 
Al'pine.a. relating to the Alps; mountainous. 
Al'pine, s. the mountain strawberry. 
Alixad'y, ad. now, at this time ; so soon. 
Al'so, ad. likewise ; in the same manner. 
Alt, Al'to, s. the higher part of the gamut. 
AL'tar, s. the place where offerings to heaven 
are laid ; the table in Christian churches 
where the communion is administered. 
A 1'tar-piece, s. a painting over the altar. 
/J'ter, v. to change, to reform, to vary. 
Al'tcrable, a. that which may be altered. 
Al'terant, a. that which produces a change. 
Alteration, s. the act of altering or changing. 
Al'terative, a. having the quality of altering : 
s. a medicine that gradually ,'altersor) im- 
proves the constitution, but has no imme- 
diate operation. 
Al'tercate, v. to wrangle ; to contend with. 
Alterca'tion, s. debate, strife, controversy, 

wrangling. 
Altera ate, a. by turns, one after another : 
v. to perform alternately ; to change reci- 
procally. 
Alternation, Altem'ity, s. reciprocal succes- 
sion ; alternate performance. 
Alternative, s. the choice given of one of 
two things : a. that may be chosen or not. 
Alternatively, ad. by turns ; reciprocally. 
Althou'gh, conj. notwithstanding, however. 
Altim'etry, s. the art of measuring heights. 
Al'titude, j. height ; elevation of a heavenly 

body above the horizon. 
Altogether, ad. completely, entirely. 
Al'to-relievo, *. ptal.] that kind of relief in 
sculpture which projects as much as the 
life or reality. 
Al'um, s. a mineral salt of an acid taste. 
Arum-earth, s. a blackish brown mineral. 
Al'umine, Alu'mina, s. a kind of clay, the 

basis of common alum. 
Alu'minous, a. consisting of alum. 
Alu'minuni, s. the name given to the (sup- 
posed) metallic base of alumina. 
Al'umstone, s. a stone used in surgery. 
Al'umwater, tf.water impregnated with alum. 
Al'umworks, 5. apparatus for making alum. 
Al'vine, a. pertaining to the abdomen. 
Amabtl'ity, s. loveliness ; power of pleasing. 
Amain', ad. with vehemence, fiercely. 



Amal'gam, s. a mixture of metals; a com- 
pound. 
Amal'gamate, v. to mis or unite metals. 
Amalgama'tion, s. act of mixing metals. 
Amanuen'sis, s. a clerk or secretary, whe 

writes what another dictates. 
Am'aranth, s. the name of a plant ; in poetry, 

an imaginary flower that never fades. 
Amaran' thine, a. unfading, never deoaying. 
Amass', v. to heap up, to accumulate. 
Amass'ment, s. an accumulation, a heap. 
Amateur', s. a virtuoso ; a lover of the arts. 
Am'ativeness, s. a term in phrenology, in- 
dicative of a propensity to love. 

Amato'rial, a. relating to love. 

Am'atory, a. relating to or causing love. 

Amauro'sis, s. a dimness of sight causing an 
appearance of flies or dust before the eyes. 

Aina'ze, v. to surprise, astonish, confuse: s. 
astonishment ; confusion. 

A ma zedly,ad. confusedly, with amazement. 

Ama'zedness, s. state of being amazed. 

Ama'zement, s. wonder ; apprehension ; fear. 

Ama'zing, a. wonderful, astonishing. 

Ama'zingly, ad. astonishingly, wonderfully. 

Am'azon, s. a warlike woman ; the Amazons 
were a race of women famous for valour. 

Amazo'nian, a. like an Amazon. 

Amba'ges, s. [Lat.] circumlocutions. 

Amba'gious, A mba"gitory,a. circumlocutory 

Ambassador, s. a person sent as the repre- 
sentative of a prince or state on any pub- 
lic business to a foreign country. 

Arn'ber, s. a yellow semi-transparent gum 
of a resinous taste : a. like amber. 

Am'bergris, s. a fragrant drug, used as a 
perfume and a cordial. 

Am'ber-seed,*.musk seed, resemblingmillet. 

Am'ber-tree, s. a fragrant evergreen shrub. 

Ambidex'ter, *. a person that can use both 
hands alike ; one who is equally good to 
act on either side ; a double-dealer. 

Ambidex'trous, a. double-dealing, deceitful. 

Am'bient, a. compassing, surrounding ; par- 
ticularly applied to the air, which sur- 
rounds all bodies. 

Ambiguity, s. obscurity of words ; double 
meaning ; uncertainty of signification. 

Ambig'uous, a. doubtful, mysterious 

Ambig'uously, ad. in a doubtful manaer. 

Ambig'uousness, s. uncertainty of meaning. 

Ambi"tion, s. an inordinate desire of prefer- 
ment, honour, or power ; great pride. 

Ambi"tious, a. aspiring, proud, vain. 

Ambi"tiously, ad. in an ambitious manner. 

Am'ble, v. to move easily, to pace, to trip 
s, a pace between a walk and a trot. 

Am'bler, s. an ambling horse ; a pacer. 

Ani'bling,a.moving easily; pacing trippingly 

Am'blingly, ad. with an ambling movement. 

Ambro'sia, s. the name of a plant ; in poeti- 
cal language, the food of the gods. 

Ambro'siac, a. delicious, like ambrosia. 

Ambro'sial, Ambro'sian, a. possessing the 
qualities of ambrosia ; fragrant, delicious. 

Am'bulatory, s. a place for walking : a. aov 
stationary ; moving about. 

Ambusca'de, S. a private post to surprise ai) 
enemy. 

Am'bush, s. a concealed station to watch 
from, or lie in wait for. 

BX 



AME 



10 



ANA 



Am'cl, s. the matter used for enamelling. 

Ameliorate, v. to improve, to make better. 

Amelioration, s. improvement. 

Amen', ad. may it be so ; verily. 

Ame'nal'le, a. liable to be brought to ac- 
count, responsible ; manageable. 

Amend', v. to reform, grow better, correct. 

Amend'able, a. that may be amended. 

Ainen'de, s. [Fr.] a fine in the -way of re- 
compense ; amends made in any way. 

Amend'ing, s. the act of correcting. 

Amend'mcnt, s. a reformation of life ; a 
change for the better; recovery of health. 

Amend's, s. pi. recompense; compensation. 

Amen'ity, J. pleasantness, agrceablcness. 

Amer'ce, v. to punish by fine or penalty. 

Amer'ceable, a. liable to amercement. 

Amercement, s. a pecuniary fine. 

American, s. a native of America : a. per- 
taining to America. 

Amer'icanism, s. an American idiom. 

Am'ethyst, s. a violet-coloured precious stone. 

Amclhyst'ine, a. resembling an amethyst. 

A'miable, a. lovely, pleasing, charming. 

A'miablencss, s. agreeableness, loveliness. 

A'miably, ad. in an amiable manner. 

Am'ianth, Amianth'us, s. an incombustible 
mineral substance, somewhat resembling 
flax. 

Am'icable, a. friendly, kind, peaceable. 

Am'icableness, s. friendliness; goodwill. 

Am'icably, ad. in a friendly way. 

Am'icc, s. the undermost part of a priest's 
shoulder-cloth, or alb. 

Amid', A midst', prep, in the middle, amongst. 

Amiss', ad. faultily, improperly. 

Am'ity, s. friendship, love, harmony. 

Ammo'nia, s. a gaseous substance in modern 
chymistry, formed from hydrogen & azote. 

Ammo'niae, s. the name of an Indian gum : 
sal ammoniac is a volatile salt, popularly 
called hartshorn. 

Ammoni'acal, a. having the properties of am- 
monia or ammoniac. 

Am'monite, 5. the cornu ammonis or serpent- 
stone, a fossil shell. 

Ammo'nium, s. the metallic base of ammonia. 

Ammunition, s. military stores. 

Am'nesty, s. an act of general pardon. 

Amo'nium, s. a hot spicy sort of fruit. 

Among', Amongst', prep, mingled with. 

Am'orous, a. disposed to love, enamoured. 

Am'orously, ad. lovingly, fondly, kindly. 

Am'orousness. s. fondness, lovingncss. 

Amort', ad. depressed, spiritless. 

Amor'tisement, 5. the right of transferring 
lands to mortmain ; that is, to some com- 
munity that never is to cease. 

Amou'nt, v. to rise in value, to increase : 
s. the sum total, whole result. 

Amour', s. an affair of gallantry. 

Amphib'ious, a. that which partakes of two 
natures, so as to live on land or in water. 

Amphib'iousness, s. being able to live in dif- 
ferent elements. 

Amphib'ia, s. animals living either in water 
or on land. 

Amphictyon'ic, a. relating to the council of 
Amphictyons or Grecian deputies. 

Amphisbae'na, s. a serpent which is said to 
move with either end foremost. 



Amphis'cii, s. those people who inhabit the 
torrid zone, whose shadows fall both ways, 
that is, northward in one part of the year, 
and southward in the other. See Ascii. 

Amphitho'atre, s. a building in a circular 
form, with seats all round. 

Am'phora, s. a jug with a double ear. 

Am'ple, a. large, wide, liberal, diffusive. 

Am'pleness, s. largeness, extent, liberality. 

Amplification, s. enlargement, extension. 

Am'plify, v. to enlarge, to exaggerate. 

Am'plitude, s. extent, largeness, capacity. 

Am'ply, ad. largely, liberally, copiously. 

Am'putate, v. to cut off a limb. 

Amputa'tion, 5. a cutting off part of the body. 

Am'ulet, s. a charm hung about the neck tc 
prevent evil or mischance. 

Amu'se, v. to entertain, to divert, to deceive. 

Amu'sement, s. a pastime or entertainment. 

Amu'sing, a. entertaining, pleasing. 

Amu'singly, ad. in an amusing manner. 

Amu'sive, a. having the power of amusing. 

Amu'sively, ad in an amusive manner. 

An, the form of the indefinite article before 
a vowel, or an h inute, as an acorn, <rahour. 
In some casus, an is used before h sounded, 
as, an historical event ; but in such words 
the accent is on the second syllable. It has 
the same meaning as A. which see. 

Ana', s. a termination annexed to the names 
of authors to denote a collection of their 
remarkable sayings ; as Johnson \ana. 

Anabap'tism, s. the doctrine of Anabaptists. 

Anabap'tist, s. one of a religious sect who 
assert that baptism is improper till the 
person is of an age to answer for himself. 

Anabaptis'tical, a. relating to Anabaptists. 

Anabapti'ze, v. to rebaptize. 

Anac'horet, Anacliorite, s. a hermit. 

Anaeh'ronism, s. an error in computing time. 

Anachronistic, a. containingan anachronism. 

Anacon'da, s. a Ceylon serpent ; a boa. 

Anacreon'tic, a. relating to Anacreon : s. a 
poem after the manner of Anacreon. 

An'agram, s. a transposition of letters or 
words so as to form other words. 

Anagrammat'ical, a. forming an anagram. 

Anagrammat'ically, ad. like an anagram. 

Anagram'matist, s. a composer of anagrams, 

Anagram'matize, v. to make anagrams. 

Analo"gical, a. used by way of analogy. 

Analogically, ad. in an analogous manneT; 

Ar.al'ogous, a. having relation. 

Analogously, ad. in an analogous manner. 

Anal'ogy, s. resemblance, proportion. 

Anal'ysis, s. a separation of a compound into 
the parts of which it is formed. 

An'alyst, s. one who analyzes a thing. 

Analyt'ie, Analyt'ical, a. pertaining to an- 
alysis ; resolving into first principles. 

Analyt'ical] y, ad. in such a manner as sepa- 
rates compounds into simples. 

An'alyze, v. to reduce to primitive parts. 

Analy'zer, s. one who analyzes. 

An'apest, s. (in poetry) a foot consisting oi 
three syllables, two short and one long. 

An'arch. s. an author of confusion. 

Anai / chial, Anar'chic, a. confused; without 
government or rule. 

An'archist, s. a subverter of settled or regular 
government. 



ANA 



11 



An'archy, *. a want of government; disorder, 

confusion, chaos, tumult. 
Anas'trophe, s. a figure whereby words that 

should have preceded are postponed. 
Anath'ema, s. an ecclesiastical curse. 
Anath'ematize, v. to pronounce accursed by 

ecclesiastical authority. 
Anath'ematizer, s. he who pronounces an 

anathema. 
Anatom'ical, a. relating to anatomy. 
Anatomically, ad. in an anatomical manner. 
Anat'omist, s. one skilled in anatomy. 
Anat'omize, v. to dissect ; to lay open. 
Anat'omy, s. the art of dissecting animals. 
An'cestor, s. a forefather, a predecessor. 
Anccs'tral, a. relating to or claimed from 

ancestors. 
An'chor, s. an iron instrument, which, being 

fixed in the ground, by means of the cable, 

keeps a ship from driving : v. to cast or 

drop the anchor, to fix on. 
An'chorable, a. fit for anchorage. 
An'chorage, s. ground for anchoring in. 
An'choress. s. a female recluse. 
An'choret, An'choritc, s. a reeluso. 
An'chor-smith, s. a maker of anchors. 
Ancho'vy, s. a small sea-fish pickled. 
An'cientncss, s. antiquity. 
An'cient, a. old, of old iimo, long since. 
An'cicnt, s. the bearer of a flag, an ensign. 
An'cieutly, ad. formerly, in old times. 
An'cients, s. pi. men who lived in old times. 
An'eillary, a. subservient to ; assisting. 
And, conj. the particle by which sentences 

or terms arc joined. 
Amdan'te, [Ital.] ad. a direction in music to 

play moderately slow. 
And'iron, s. one of the irons fixed to the end 

of a fire-grate, in which the spit turns. 
Andro"gynous, a. partaking of both sexes ; 

hermaphroditical. 
An'ecdote, s. a biographical incident. 
Anecdot'ical, a. relating to anecdotes. 
Ane'lo, v. to give extreme unction. 
Anem'one, Ancm'ony, s. the wind-flower. 
Anemom'eter, s. an instrument to measure 

the strength or velocity of the wind. 
Anent', prep, concerning ; about. 
An'eurism, s. a disease of, or wound in, an 

artery, by which it becomes dilated. 
Aneuris'mal, a. pertaining to an aneurism. 
Anew 7 , ad. over again, repeatedly. 
A'ngel, s. a messenger; a celestial spirit ; a 

heavenly being ; a gold coin worth about 

10*. : a. resembling angels, angelical. 
Angelic, Angelical, rt.hcavenly,liko an angel. 
Angel'ica, s. the name of a plant. 
Angelically, ad. like an angel. 
An'gcr, s. resentment, rage, displeasure: 

v . to provoke, to enrage. 
An'gerly, ad. in an angry manner. 
Angi'na, s. inflammation of the throat. 
Angiol'ogy, s. the science which treats of ar- 
teries and other vessels of the body. 
An'gle, s. a point where two lines meet : v. 

to fish with a rod and lino. 
An'gler, s. he who fishes with a rod and line. 
An'gles, s. a people of Germany who invaded 

England, and from whom it derives its 

name. 
An'glican, a. English. 



ANN 

An'glicise, v. to convert into English. 

An'glicism, s. an idiom or expression pe- 
culiar to the English language. 

Angling, s. the art of fishing with a rod. 

Anglo-Nor'man, a. relating to the English 
Normans. 

Anglo-Sax'on, a. relating to the English 
Saxons. 

An'gred, p. and a. provoked, made angry. 

An'grily, ad. in an angry manner. 

An'gry, a. provoked, enraged ; inflamed. 

An'guish, s. excessive pain of mind or body. 

An'gular, a. having corners or angles. 

Angularity, s. quality of being angular. 

An'gularly, ad. with angles or corners. 

An'gulated, a. formed with angles. 

An'gulous, a. hooked ; angular. 

Anhela'tion, s. the act of panting. 

An'ile, a. doting, old womanish. 

Anility, s. female dotage. 

Anlma, s. the breath, the principle of life. 

Animadver'sion, s. observation ; reproof. 

Animadvert', v. to turn the mind to ; to cen- 
sure ; to remark or criticise. 

Animal, 5. a body endued with life : a. be- 
longing to animals. 

Animal'cular, Animal'euline, a. belonging 
to, or of the nature of an animalcule. 

Animalcule, s. a very small animal. 

Animate, a. living, possessing life: v. to 
quicken, to make alive. 

Animated, a. lively, brisk, vigorous. 

Anima'tion, s. the act of animating ; the 
state of being enlivened. 

Animator, s. that which gives life. 

Animosity, s. aversion, hatred, malignity. 

An'ise, s. an annual plant, a species of parsley. 

Anlsc-sced, s. the seed of the anise. 

An'ker, *. a liquid measure often gallons. 

An'kle, s. the joint between the foot and leg. 

An'kle-bone, *. the bone of the ankle. 

An'nalist, s. a writer of annals. 

An'nalize, v. to write annals, to record. 

An'nals, s. pi. histories digested into years. 

Anneal', v. to temper glass or metal by heat. 

Annealing, s. the art of tempering glass ; 
the rendering hard metal malleable. 

Annex 7 , v. to unite, to join, to connect. 

Annexa'tion, s. conjunction ; addition. 

Anncx'ment, s. the thing annexed. 

Annihilate, v. to annul, to destroy. 

Annihila'tion, s. the act of destroying. 

Anniversary, s. an annual or yearly festival 
or commemoration : a. annual. 

Annotate, v. to make annotations. 

Annota'tion, tf..an explanation, a note. 

An'notator, s. a commentator, a critic. 

Anrioun'ce, v. to publish, to declare. 

Announcement, s. a declaration ; a notice. 

Announ'cer, s. a declarer ; a proclaimer. 

Annoy', v. to injure, to molest : s. molesta- 
tion, trouble. 

Annoy'ance, s. that which vexes or annoys. 

Annoying, a. troublesome. 

An'nual, a. that which comes once a year. 

Animal . s. a plant that lives but one year; 
a publication designed for the year. 

An'nually, ad. year by year ; yearly. 

Annuitant, s. one who has an annuity. 

Annuity, s. a yearly allowance for life. 

Annul', v. to abrogate, to abolish, to repeal. 



ANN 

An'milar, a. having the form of a ring. 
An'nularly, ad. in an annular manner. 
An'nulary, a. in the form of rings. 
An'nulated, a. furnished with rings or helts. 
An'nulet, s. a little ring ; a mark in heraldry ; 

a term in architecture. 
Annul'ment, s. the act of annulling. 
Annu'merate, v. to add to, to include. 
Annumera'tion, s. addition to a number. 
Annun'ciate, v. to relate, to bring tidings. 
Annuncia'tor, s. one who announces. 
Annuncia'tion-day, s. the day celebrated by 
the cburch in commemoration of the an- 
gel's salutation of the Virgin Mary. 
An'odyne, a. mitigating pain, assuaging: s. 

any medicine that assuages pain. 
Anoint', v. to rub with oil, to consecrate. 
Anoint'ed, s. the Christ, or Saviour, em- 
phatically called the Lord's anointed. 
Anoint'ing, Anoint'ment, s. the being 

anointed. 
Anom'aly, s. irregularity ; deviation from 

rule. 
Anomalis'tic, Anomalis'tical, a. irregular. 
Anom'alous, a. irregular, out of rule. 
Anom'alously, ad. irregularly. 
Anon', ad. quickly, soon, shortly. 
Anon'ymous, a. nameless ; wanting a name. 
Anon'ymously, ad. without a name. 
Ano"ther, a. not the same ; one more. 
An'swer, v. to reply to ; to resolve : s. a reply, 

a confutation, a solution. 
An'swerable, a. that to which a reply may 

be made ; responsible. 
An'swerableness, s. quality of being answer- 
able. 
An'swerably, ad. suitably. 
Ant, s. an emmet, a pismire. 
Antagonist, s. an opponent, an adversary. 
Antagonism, s. a contest, opposition. 
Antagonistic, a. contending as an antagonist. 
Ant'-bear, s. an animal that feeds on ants. 
Antal'gic, a. endued with the power of mi- 
tigating pain ; anodyne. 
Antarc'tic, a. relating to the southern pole. 
Ante, [Lat.] a particle signifying before. 
Ant'-eater, s. an insect which feeds upon ants. 
Antece'dence, s. the act of going before. 
Anteee'dent, a. going before, preceding : s. 
that which goes before ; the noun to 
which the relative is subjoined. 
Anteco'dently, ad. previously. 
Anteces'sor, s. one who goes before another. 
An'techamber, s. the chamber adjoining, or 

leading to the chief apartments. 
An'tedate, v. to date before the time. 
Antedilu'vian, a. existing before the deluge : 

s. one who lived before the flood. 
An'telope, s. a horned animal ; the gazelle. 
Antemerid'ian, a. before noon, morning. 
Antemun'dane, a. before the creation of the 

world. 
Anten'na?, s. the horns or feelers of insects. 
Antenup'tial, a. being before marriage. 
Autepas'chal, a. before Easter. 
An'tepast, s. anticipation, foretaste. 
Antepenult', Antepenul'timate, s. the last 

syllable but two in any word. 
A ntepilep'tic, a. good against convulsions. 
Anterior, a. going before, previous, prior. 
Anteriority, t. priority in time or situation. 



12 



ANT 



An'teroom, s. the room leading to the prin- 
cipal apartment. 
An'them, s. a holy song or divine hymn. 
An'ther, s. (in botany) the point or top of 

the stamen, containing the pollen. 
AntTiill, s. a little mound of earth raised 

by ants. 
Antholo"gical, a. relating to anthology. 
Anthol'ogy, s. a collection of flowers, or poenis. 
An'thracite, s. a lustrous kind of coal. 
Anthropoph'agi, s. pi. cannibals, men-eaters. 
Anti, [Gr.] a particle signifying against. 
Anti-a"cid, s. an alkali: a. alkaline. 
An'tic, a. odd, whimsical : s. a buffoon ; ho 

who makes antics. 
An'tichrist, s. an adversary to Christianity. 
Antichris'tian, a. opposite to Christianity. 
Anticipate, v. to be beforehand with ; t© 

preclude. 
Anticipation, s. the act of taking up some- 
thing before its time ; prevention. 
Anti"cipatory, a. taking up before the time. 
An'ticly, ad. drolly, with odd gestures. 
Anticli'max, s. a sentence in which the last 

part is lower than the first. 
Anticosmet'ic, a. destructive of beauty : * 

any preparation which injures beauty. 
Antido'tal, a. that which counteracts poison. 
An'tidotc, s. a medicine to expel poison. 
Antimagiste'rial, a. opposed to magistrates. 
Antiministe'rial, a. opposed to ministers. 
Antiministe'rialist.5. one who is in opposition 

to the existing ministry. 
Antimonarc'hical, a. against monarchy. 
Antimo'nial, a. made of antimony. 
Antimo'niated, a prepared with antimony. 
An'timony, s. a mineral substance, which 
destroys all metals fused with it but gold. 
Antimu'sical, a. having no taste for music. 
Antino'mianism, s. tenets of Antinomians. 
Antino'mians, s.pl. a religious sect who pre- 
fer faith to practical morality. 
Antipsedobap'tist, s. one who is against in- 
fant baptism. 
Antipathet'ical, a. naturally contrary to ; 

adverse. 
Antip'athy, s. a natural aversion, or dislike. 
Antiph'rasis, s. the use of words in a sense 

opposite to their proper meaning. 
Antip'odes, s. pi. those people, who, living 
exactly on the opposite part of the globe, 
have their feet pointed against ours. 
Antiprelat'ical, a. adverse to prelacy. 
Antiqua'rian, An'tiquary, s. one who studies 

antiquity ; a collector of ancient things. 
Antiqua'rian, a. pertaining to antiquity. 
Antiqua'rianism, s. love of antiquities. 
An'tiquated, a. old ; obsolete ; old-fashioned. 
An'tiquateness, s. the state of being old or 

obsolete. 
Anti'que, a. ancient, old-fashioned, odd: s. 

a piece of antiquity, a relic. 
Anti'queness, s. an appearance of antiquity. 
Anti"quity, 5. time past long ago ; ancient- 

ness ; the people of old times. 
Antisabbata'rian, s. one of a sect so called. 
Antis'cii, s.pl. people who live under the 
same meridian, but different sides of the 
equator, being equally distant. 
Antiscorbu'tic, Antiscorbu'tical, a. good 
against the scurvy. 



ANT 

Antiscorbutics, *. remedies for the scurvy. 
Antiserip'turist, s. one who denies revelation. 
Antisep'tic, s a medicine to prevent putre- 
faction : a. preventive of putrefaction. 
Antiso'cial,«. averse to society; misanthropic. 
Antispasmodic, a. good against spasms. 
Antispasmodics, j. medicinesto relieve spasms, 
Antis'trophe, s. the second stanza of an ode. 
Antithesis, s. opposition of words or sen- 
tences ; contrast. 
Antithetical, a. placed in contrast. 
Antitrinita'rianism, s. a denial of the Trinity. 
Antitrinita'rian, s. one who denies the doc- 
trine of the Christian Trinity. 
Au'titype, s that which is represented or 

shadowed out by the type. 
Antityp'ical, a. that which explains the type. 
Ant'ler, s. a branch of a stag's horn. 
Ant'lered, a. furnished with antlers. 
Antce'ci, s. pi. those inhabitants of the globe 
who live under the same longitude and la- 
titude, but in different hemispheres. 
An'tre, s. a cave, a den, a cavern. 
An'vil, s, an iron block which smiths use. 
Anxi'ety, s. perplexity ; solicitude about any 

future event ; uneasiness. 
Anx'ious, a. solicitous, much concerned. 
Anxiously, ad. in an anxious manner. 
Anxlousness, s. the state of being anxious. 
An'y, a. every, whosoever, whatever. 
An'ywise, ad. in any manner. 
Aor'ta, s. the artery which rises immediately 

out of the left ventricle of the heart. 
Apa'co, ad. quickly, speedily, with haste. 
Apart', ad. separately, privately. 
Apartment, s. a part of a house, a room. 
Apathetic, a. having no fueling. 
Ap'athy, s. a want of sensibility. 
Ape, s. a kind of monkey, a mimic : v. to 

imitate ludicrously, to mimic. 
Ape'ak, ad. formed with a point ; so as to 

be up in a point. 
Ap'ennine, a. relating to the Apennines. 
Ap'ennines, s. a chain of high mountains 

running through Italy. 
Apep'sy, s. a loss of natural digestion. 
Ape'rient, a. having the quality of opening : 

s. any opening or laxative medicine. 
Aperitive, a. having the quality of opening 

the bowels. 
Ap'erture, s. an open place, a gap. 
Apet'alous, a. without flower- leaves. 
A'pex, s. the tip or angular point of a thing. 
Aphffir'esis, s. a figure in grammar that takes 
away a letter or syllable from the beginning. 
Aphelion, s. that part of a planet's orbit 

which is the most remote from the sun. 
Aph'orism, s. a maxim, precept, general rule. 
Aph'rodite, Aphrodi'ta, s. (in zoology) a ge- 
nus of tho order of molluscas ; the sea- 
mouse. 
A'piary, s. a place where bees are kept. 
Apie'ce, ad. to each one a share, separately. 
A'pis, s. (in zoology) the bee ; In mythology) 

the sacred ox of tho Egyptians. 
A 'pish, a. like an ape; foppish, silly. 
A'pishly, ad. in an apish manner. 
A'pishness, *. mimicry; foppery. 
Apoc'alypsc, s. a revelation, a vision. 
Apocalyp'tic, Apocalyp'tieal, a. appertaining 
to revelation, or the book so called. 



13 



APP 



Apoc'ope, s. a cutting off the last syllable. 
Apoc'rypha, s. books appended to the Sacred 

Writings, but of doubtful authority. 
Apoc'ryphal, a. not canonical, uncertain. 
Ap'ogee, s. that point in the heavens in 
which the sun or any planet is at its 
greatest distance from the earth. 
Apollyon, s. a destroyer ; Satan. 
Apologetic, Apologetlcal, a. excusing. 
Apol'ogist, s. one who makes an apology. 
Apol'ogize, v. to plead for, to excuse. 
Ap'ologue, s. a moral tale, a fable. 
Apol'ogy, s. a defence, an excuse. 
Apoplec'tic, Apoplec'tical, a. relating to or 

disposed to apoplexy. 
Ap'oplexy, *. a sudden deprivation of all 

sense and motion by a disease. 
Aposiope'sis, s. a form of speech by whicb 
the speaker suddenly suppresses what he 
was about to say. 
Apos'tacy, s. departure from professed prin- 
ciples. 
Apos'tate, s. one who renounces his religion 

or deserts his party : a. false, traitorous. 
Apos'tatize, v. to change one's religion. 
Ap'osteme, Ap'ostume, s. an abscess. 
Apos'tle, s. one sent to preach the gospel. 
Apos'tleship, s. the office of an apostle. 
Apostolical, a. delivered by the apostles. 
Apostollcally, ad. in the mode of the apostles. 
Apos'tropho, s. in grammar, a mark thus (';, 
denoting the omission of a letter or letters ; 
as e'er for ever, can't for cannot. In rhe- 
toric, it is a sudden turning from the per- 
sons present to address the absent or dead. 
Apos'trophic, a. denoting an apostrophe. 
Aposlrophize, v . to address by an apostrophe. 
Apoth'ecary, s. a person who compounds and 

sells medicines. 
Ap'othegm, Ap'othem, Ap'ophthegm, *. a 

remarkable saying ; a valuable maxim. 
Apothegmatlcal, a. like an apothegm. 
Apotheg'matist, s. a collector of apothegms. 
Apotheg'matize, v. to utter apothegms or 

remarkable sayings. 
Apothe'osis, s. deifying one after death. 
Appal', v. to make pale with fear, to terrify. 
Appal'ment, s. impression of fear. 
Ap'panage, s. lands for younger children. 
Appara'tus, s. tools ; furniture ; equipage. 
Appar'el, *. dress, clothing, vestments : v. to 

dress, to deck, to cover. 
Appa'rent, a. plain, evident, certain ; seem- 
ing, not real. 
Appa'rently,rtd.evidently, visibly; seemingly. 
Appari'lion, s. appearance ; a spectre. 
Apparitor, *. the summoner or messenger of 

an ecclesiastical court. 
Appe'al, s. an application for justice ; the 
removal of a cause to a higher court : v. to 
refer to another as judge. 
Appeal'able, a. subject to an appeal. 
Appear', v. to become visible. 
Appear'ance, s. act of appearing ; show ; 

semblance ; not real ; probability. 
Appearing, s. the act of appearing. 
Appeas'abie, a. reconcileable. 
Appease, v. to pacify, to reconcile. 
Appel'lant, s. a challenger; he who appeals. 
Appellate, a. having cognizance of appeals. 
Appella'tion, s. a name, title, term. 



APP 

Appellative, S. a common name as opposed 
to a proper name : a. common, usual. 

Appel'latory, a. containing an appeal. 

Appel'lor, s. a prosecutor ; an appellant. 

Append', v. to hang or join to, to add to. 

Append'ago, s. something added. 

Append'ant, a. hanging to ; annexed: S. a. 
part annexed, an adventitious part. 

Append'ancv, s. a thing annexed by right. 

Appen'dix. s. something appended ; a sup- 
plement or addition. 

Appertain', v. to belong to, to relate to. 

Appertain 'ment, s. that which belongs to. 

Apper'tenanco, s. that which belongs to ; an 
adjunct. 

Apper'tinont, a. belonging or relating to. 

Ap'petcnce, s. a strong or sensual desire. 

Ap'petent, a. very desirous. 

Appetibii'ity, s. quality of being desirable. 

Ap'petible, a. engaging, desirable, good. 

Ap'petite, s. hunger, desire, longing. 

Ap'petitivc, a. that which desires. 

Applaud', v. to extol, praise, commend. 

Applaud'er, s. one who applauds. 

Applau'sc, s. approbation loudly 

Applau'sive, a. indicating approbation 

Ap'ple, s. a common fruit ; pupil of the eye. 

Ap'ple-pie, s. a pie made of apples and paste. 

Ap'ple-saucc, s. sauce made of stewed apples. 

Ap'plo-trec, *. a tree producing apples. 

Appli'ablc, a. that which may be applied. 

Appli'ance, s. the act of applying; that 
which is applied. 

Applicability, Ap'plicablcness, s. fitness to 
be applied. 

Ap'plicable, a. suitable, proper. 

Ap'plicant, s. one who applies for anything. 

Ap'plicate, s. right line drawn across a curve. 

Application, s. the act of applying, study. 

Applicative, Ap'plicatory, a. that applies. 

Ap'plicatorily, ad. in a manner which applies. 

Appli'edly, ad. in a way that may beajiplied. 

Appji'er, *. one that applies. 

Apply', v. to join; to study ; to address. 

Appoint', v. to determine, settle, equip. 

Appoint'cd, p. and a. settled, agreed on, 
chosen, equipped. 

Appointee', s. a person appointed. 

Appoint'er, s. one who appoints. 

Appoint'mcnt, J. a stipulation, salary, post. 

Apportion, v. to divide into just parts. 

Apportionment, s. a dividing into parts. 

Ap'posite, a. suitable, fit, well adapted to. 

Ap'positely, ad. suitably, fitly, timely. 

Apposi"tion, s. the act of adding to ; some- 
thing put in addition. 

Ap'po.sitencss, s. fitness ; suitableness. 

Apprai'se, v. to set a price on goods. 

Appraisement, s. the act of valuing. 

Apprai'scr, s. one who values or appraises. 

Ap'precatory, a. praying for any good. 

Appreciable, a. capable of being estimated. 

Appreciate, v. to estimate, to value. 

Appreciation, s. estimation, valuation. 

Apprehend', v. to lay hold on ; to arrest ; to 
take in or conceive in the mind ; to fear. 

Apprebend'er, s. ono who apprehends; one 
who fears. 

Apprehen'sible,a. which maybe apprehended 

Apprehen'sion, s. fear ; conception ; seizure. 

Apprchen'sive, a. fearful ; sensible. 



14 



AKA 



Apprehen'sively, ad. in an apprehensive 
manner. 

Apprehen'siveness, s. fearfulness. 

Apprentice, *. one bound to a trade : v. to 
bind to, or put under a master. 

Apprenticeship, s. term for an apprentice. 

Appri'ze, v. to inform, acquaint. 

Appro'ach, s. the act of drawing near to : v . 
to draw or bring near to. 

Approaeh'able, a. accessible. 

Approach'ment, s. the act of coming near. 

Approba'tion, s. the act of approving. 

Ap'probativo, Appro'batory, a. approving. 

Appropin'quate, v. to draw nigh to. 

Appropriable, a. what may be appropriated. 

Appropriate, v. to consign to any particular 
use : a. peculiar ; suitable. 

Appro'priateiy, ad. fitly, suitably. 

Appro'priateness, s. peculiar fitness. 

Appropriation, s. the application of some- 
thing to a particular use or purpose. 

Appro'priator, s. one possessed of an appro- 
priated benefice. 

Appro'vable, a. worthy of approbation. 

Appro'val, Appro' vement, s. approbation. 

Appro'vanco, s. approbation. 

Appro've, v. to like or allow of. 

Appro'ved, ja.and a. liked, examined, tried. 

Appro' ver, s. one who, confessing felony of 
himself, accuses another. 

Approximate, a. near to : v . to come near. 

Approxima'tion, s. approach to any thing. 

Appul'se, Appul'sion, s. the act of striking 
against. 

Appul'sive, a. striking against. 

Appur'tcnance, s. that which appertains. 

Appur'tcnant, a. pertaining to, of right. 

A'pricot, s. a wall-fruit of the pium kind. 

A'pril, s. the fourth month of the year. 

A'pron, s. a part of dress worn before to keep 
the other parts clean. 

A'proned, a. wearing an apron. 

Apropo's, ad. [Fr.] opportunely; to the pur- 
pose. 

Ap'sis, s. [pi. Apsides] two extreme points 
in the orbits of planets. 

Apt, a. fit, ready, quick, qualified, inclined. 

Ap'tcra, s. insects without wings. 

Ap'tcral, a. destitute of wings. 

Ap'titude, s. fitness, tendency, disposition. 

Apt'ly, ad. properly, justly, readily, acutely. 

Apt'ness, s. quickness of conception ; fitness. 

A'pus, s. the bird of Paradise ; a constellation. 

Aqua-for'tis, s. a corrosive liquor : nitric acid. 

Aqua-mari'ne, s. a sea-green berry ; beryl. 

Aqua-re'gia, s. an acid for dissolving gold ; 
nitro-muriatic acid. 

Aqua'rius, s. the eleventh sign in the Zodiac. 

Aquat'ic, a. inhabiting the water. 

Aquatin'ta, s. a species of engraving imita- 
ting drawings made with Indian ink. 

Aqua-vi'tae, s. spirits of wine ; brandy. 

A"queduct, s. a conveyance for water. 

A'queous, a. watery, like water, thin. 

A"quiline, a. resembling an eagle ; applied 
to the nose, curved or crooked. 

Ar'ab, Ara'bian, s. a native of Arabia. 

Ar'abcsque, a. in the manner of Arabian 
architecture and sculpture ; ornamental 
foliage. 

Ara'bian, a. pertaining to Arabia. 






ARA 15 



ARM 



Arabic, s. the language of the Arabians : a. 
relating to Arabia. 

Arable, a. fit for tillage or ploughing. 

Ar'balat, Ar'balist, s. a crossbow. 

Ar'biter, $ an umpire to settle a dispute. 

Arbitrable, a. arbitrary, determinable. 

Arbitrament, s. decision, will, choice. 

Arbitrarily, ad. absolutely, without control. 

Arbitrariness, s. tyranny, despotism. 

Arbitrary, a. absolute, despotic, unlimited. 

Ar'bitrate, v. to decide, judge, determine. 

Arbitra'tion, s. determination of a dispute 
by persons mutually chosen by the parties. 

Arbitrator, s. an umpire, a judge. 

Ar'bitress, Ar'bitratrix, s. a female arbiter. 

Arbores'cent, a. growing like a tree. 

Arboret, s. a small tree or shrub. 

Ar'bour, s. a scat shaded with trees, a bower. 

Ar'butus, s. the strawberry- tree. 

Arc, Arch, *. part of a circle. 

Arca'de, s. an arched way. 

Arca'dian, a. pertaining to Arcadia, a moun- 
tainous and pastoral district in Greece. 

Arca'nurn, s. [Lat. Arcana in pl.~] a secret. 

Arch, a. chief; mirthful, waggish, lively. 

Arch, s. part of a circle : v. to make an arch. 

Archa'ic, a. relating to antiquity. 

Archaiol'ogy, s. a discourse on antiquity. 

Archa'ngel, s. an angel of the highest order. 

Archbish'op, s. a chief bishop ; a bishop who 
has jurisdiction over other bishops. 

Archbish'opric, s. the state or jurisdiction of 
an archbishop. 

Archdea'con, s. a bishop's deputy. 

Archdea'conry, Archdea'conship, s. the 
office or jurisdiction of an archdeacon. 

Archdru'id, s. a pontiff of the druids. 
Archdu'cal, a. belonging to an archduke. 
Archduch'ess, s. the wife of an archduke. 
Arehduch'y, Archdu'kcdom, s. the territory 

of an archduke. 
Archdu'ke, s. a sovereign prince, grand duke. 
Arch'ed, p. and a. vaulted, formed like an 

arch. 
Arch-en'emy, s. a chief enemy. 
Archer, s. one who shoots with a bow. 
Ar'chery, s. the use of the bow and arrow. 
Ar'chetype, .?. the original, pattern, model. 
Arch-fel'on, s. the chief of felons. 
Arch-fiend', s. the chief of fiends. 
Arch-her'esy, s. the greatest heresy. 
Arch-her'etic, s. chief heretic. 
Arch-hyp'ocrite, s. a great hypocrite. 
Archiepis'copacy, s. state of an archbishop. 
Archiepis'copal, a. belonging to an arch- 
bishop. 
Archipel'ago, s. any sea which abounds with 
small islands; the most celebrated is situ- 
ated between Asia-Minor and Greece. 
Architect, s. a professor of building. 
Architcctive, a., belonging to architecture. 
Architocton'ic, a. having skill to build. 
Architec'tural, a. relating to architecture. 
Architecture, s. the science of building. 
Architrave, s. the chief beam, being that 
which rests immediately upon the capital, 
and is the lowest of the entablature. 
Archives, s. records ; a place for records. 
Arch'likc, a. built like an arch. 
Arch'ly, ad. jocosely, wittily. 
Arch-ffias/i"cian, s. chief magician. | 



Arch'ness, s. shrewdness ; sly humour, 

Ar'chon, s. a governor of Athens. 

Ar'chonship, s. the office of an archon. 

Arch-reb'el, s. a principal rebel. 

Arch-trai'tor, s. any distinguished traitor. 

Arch-tyrant, s. the principal tyrant. 

Arch-vil'lain, s. an extraordinary villain. 

Arch-vil'lany, s. gTeat villany. 

Arch'wise, ad. in the form of an arch. 

Arc'tic, a. northern, towards the north. 

Arc'tic-circle, that circle at which the north- 
ern frigid zone commences. 

Ar'cuate, a. bent like an arch. 

Arcua'tion, s. an arching, an incurvation. 

Ar'dency, s. warmth, eagerness, zeal. 

Ar'dcnt, a. hot, zealous, affectionate ; fierce. 

Ardently, ad. eagerly, affectionately. 

Ardour, s. heat, fervour, zeal. 

Ar'duousncss, s. height, difficulty. 

Ar'duous, a. difficult, laborious. 

A'rea, s . the superficies ; an open surface. 

Arefac'tion, s. the state of growing dry. 

A'refy, v. to dry, to exhale moisture. 

Are'na, s. the space for combatants in a 
theatre. 

Areop'agus, s. the highest court at Athens. 

Ar'gent, a. silvery, white, shining like silver. 

Ar'gentine, a. having the appearance of silver. 

Ar'gil, s. potters' clay. 

Argilla'ceous, Argil'lous,a. consisting of clay. 
Argonauts, s. the companions of Jason in 

the ship Argo on the voyage to Colchis. 
Ar'gosy, 5. a large merchant ship. 
Argue, v. to reason, to dispute, to debate. 
Ar'guer, s. a reasoner, a disputer. 
Ar'guing, s. reasoning, argumentation. 
Ar'griment, s. a reason alleged ; a contro- 
versy ; the subject of any discourse or 
writing. 
Argumenta'tion, s. the act of reasoning. 
Argumentative, a. replete with argument. 
Argumcn'tatively, ad. by argument. 
Argu'te, a. subtle, witty, sharp, shrill. 
A'ria, s. [Ital.] an air, song, or tune. 
A'rian, s. one of the sect of Arius. 
A'rian, a. belonging to .Arianism. 
A'rian ism, s. the doctrine of Arius. 
Arid, a. dry, parched up, ploughed up. 
Arid'ity, s. dryness ; insensibility in devotion. 
A'ries, s. [Lat.] a ram ; a sign of the zodiac. 
Arict'ta, s. [Ital.] a short air or song. 
Ari'ght, ad. rightly, without mistake. 
Ario'so, a. light and airy, yet grand. 
Ari'se, v. to rise up, to mount up. 
Aristoc'raey, s. a form of government in 
which the supreme power is in the nobles. 
Arist'ocrat, s. a favourer of aristocracy. 
Aristocrat'ie, Aristocrat'ical, a. relating to 

or partaking of aristocracy. 
Aristocrat'ically, a. in an aristocratical man- 

nor, proudly. 
Aristotelian, a. founded on the opinion of 

Aristotle : s. a follower of Aristotle. 
Arith'metic, s. tho science of computation. 
Arithmet'ical, a. according to arithmetic. 
Arithmetically, ad. in an arithmetical man- 
ner, by arithmetic. 
Arithmeti"cian, s. one skilled in arithmetic. 
Ark, s. the vessel in which Noah was pre- 
served from the deluge ; a chest, coffer. 
Arm, s. the iimb from the hand to tho 



ARM 



16 



ASI 



shoulder ; an inlet of the sea : v. to take 
up arms. 

Arma'da, s. a large fleet of ships. 

Armadillo, s. a quadruped peculiar to 
America, covered with hard bony scales. 

Ar'mament, *. a naval force equipped for war. 

Armature, s. armour, weapons. 

Arm'chair, s. a chair with rests for the arms. 

Arm'ful, *. as much as the arm can hold. 

Ar'miger, s.an esquire ; a knight's companion. 

Ar'millary, a. resembling a bracelet. 

Armin'ian, s. a follower of .Arminius : a. 
relating to the sect of Arminius. 

Armin'ianism, s. the doctrine of Arminius. 

Armip'otent, a. mighty in war, brave, bold. 

Ar'mistice, s. a short cessation of hostilities. 

Arm'let, s. a bracelet; a small arm of the sea. 

Ar'morer, s. one who makes or sells arms. 

Armo'rial, a. belonging to the arms or 
escutcheons of a family. 

Ar'morist, s. a person skilled in heraldry. 

Ar'mory, s. a place in which arms are de- 
posited for use ; ensigns armorial. 

Arm'pit, s. the hollow under the shoulder. 

Ar'mour, s. defensive covering. 

Ar'mour-bearer, s. one who carries the ar- 
mour of another. 

Arms, s. warlike weapons ; war in general ; 
the ensigns armorial of a family. 

Ar'mj, s. a large body of armed men. 

Aro'ma, s. the odorous quality of plants. 

Aromat'ic, a. spicy, fragrant. 

Aromat'ics, 5. spices or fragrant drugs. 

Arou'nd, prep, round about, encompassing. 

Arou'se, v. to awake, to raise up, to excite. 

Arow', ad. in a row or line. 

Aroy'nt ! interj. begone ! away ! 

Ar'quebuse, s. a hand-gun, a fusee. 

Arrack', s. a spirit procured by distillation 
out of the cocoa-nut tree ; a kind of punch. 

Arraign, v. to indict, to charge, to accuse. 

Arraignment, s. the act of accusing. 

Anu'uge, v. to set in order, to adjust. 

Aiia'ngemcnt, s. the act of putting in order. 

Ar'rant, a. very bad, notorious. 

Ar'rantly, ad. notoriously, in an ill sense. 

Arias, s. rich tapestry or hangings. 

Array 7 , s. order of battle ; dress : v. to put in 
order, to deck, to dress. 

Arrea'r, Arrearage, s. that part of an ac- 
count which remains unpaid. 

Arrest', v. to seize on ; to obstruct : s. a 
legal caption or seizure of the person. 

Arri'val, s. the act of coming to a place. 

Arri've, v. to come to a place ; to happen. 

Ar'rogance, s. great pride, presumption. 

Ar'rogant, a. haughty, presumptuous. 

Ar'rogantly, ad. haughtily, saucily, proudly. 

Ar'rogate, v. to claim proudly or vainly ; to 
assume. 

Arroga'tion, s. a presumptuous claim. 

Arrond'isement, s. a circuit ; a district. 

Arlow, s. a pointed weapon shot from a bow. 

Arlow-root, s. the starch of an Indian plant. 

Ar'rowy, a. consisting of or like arrows. 

Ar'senal, s. a magazine for military stores. 

Ar'senic, s. a poisonous mineral. 

Ar'son, s. the crime of houseburning. 

Art', s. science, skill, dexterity, cunning. 

Ar'tery, s. a tube which conveys the blood 
from the heart to all parts of the body. 



Arte'rial, a. that which relates to the artery. 
Art'ful, a. cunning, dexterous, artificial. 
Art'fully, ad. cunningly, slily, with art. 
Art' fulness, s. skill ; cunning. 
Ar'tichoke, s. an esculent plant. 
Ar'ticle, s. one of the parts of speech ; a 

condition of a covenant ; a particular or 

item ; a stipulation : ». to draw up or bind 

by articles. 
Artic'ulate, v. to utter words distinctly : a. 

distinct, jointed, divided. 
Artic'ulately, ad. distinctly, clearly. 
Articula'tion, *. a joint or knot ; the act of 

forming words. 
Ar'tifice, s. trick, fraud; art or trade. 
Aitif'icer, s. an artist or manufacturer. 
Artificial, a. made by art, not natural. 
Artificial'ity, s. appearance of art. 
Artificially, ad. artfully ; not naturally. 
Artifi"cialness, s. quality of being artificial. 
Artil'lery, s. weapons of war, cannon. 
Ar'tisan, s. an artist, an inferior tradesman . 
Artist, s. a professor of an art, a skilful man. 
Artless, a. unskilful ; without art or fraud. 
Art'lessly, ad. without art ; naturally. 
Art'lessness, $. want of art ; sincerity. 
Arus'pex, Arus'pice, s. a soothsayer. 
Arus'picy, s. the act of prognosticating by 

inspecting the entrails of the sacrifice. 
As, conj. in the same manner, because. 
Asafat'ida, s. a kind of gum, very useful in 

medicine, but of an offensive smell. 
Asbes'tine, a. of an incombustible quality. 
Asbes'tos, s. a kind of fossil which may be 

split into threads and filaments, and which 

cannot be consumed by fire. 
Ascend', v. to mount, to rise, to move higher, 

to advance in excellence. 
Ascend'able, a. that may be ascended. 
Ascend'ant, s. height, elevation : a. predo- 
minant, superior, overpowering. 
Ascend'ancy, *. influence, superiority. 
Ascen'sion, s. the act of ascending or rising. 
Ascen'sion-rfa!/, s. a festival ten days before 

Whitsuntide, in commemoration of our 

Saviour's ascension into heaven. 
Ascent', s. the rising of a hill, an eminence. 
Ascertain', v. to make certain, to establish. 
Ascertain'able, a. that may be ascertained. 
Asccrtain'ment, s. a fixed rule or standard. 
Ascet'io, s. a hermit, a devout person : a. 

employed in devout exercises ; austere. 
Asceticism, s. the state of an ascetic. 
As'cii, s.pl. those people who, at certain times 

of the year, have no shadow at noon ; 

such are the inhabitants of the torrid zone. 
Asciti'tious, a. supplemental, additional. 
Ascri'bable, a. that which may be ascribed. 
Ascri'be, v. to attribute to, to impute to. 
Ascrip'tion, 5. the act of ascribing. 
Ash, s. a well-known tree so called. 
Asha'med, a. abashed, confounded. 
Ash'-coloured, a. between brown and gray. 
Ash'en, a. made of ash. 
Ash'es, s. the dust of any thing burnt, as of 

wood, coals, &o.;the remains of a dead body, 
Ash'-hole, s. a repository for ashes. 
Asho'rc, ad. on shore, on the land, in saftty. 
Ash- Wednesday, s. the first day of Lent. 
Ash'y, a. pale, a whitish gray like ash-coloui. 
A'sian, a. pertaining to Asia. 



ASI 



17 



AST? 



Asiat'ic, a. belonging to Asia : s. a native of 

any part of Asia. 
Asi'de, ad. to one side, apart from the rest. 
As'inine, a. belonging to an ass. 
Ask, v. to beg, to claim, to question, to 

require. 
Askan'ce, Askant', ad. obliquely, on one side. 
Ask'er, s. an inquirer ; a petitioner. 
Askew 7 , ad. contemptuously ; sideways. 
Aslant', ad. obliquely, on one side. 
Asleep', ad. sleeping, at rest. 
Asp, Asp'en, s. a kind of poplar-tree, tbe 

leaves of which always tremble. 
Asp, Asp'ic, s. a venomous serpent. 
Aspar'agus, s. an esculent plant. 
As'pect, s. look, air, appearance, view. 
As'perate, v. to make rough or uneven. 
Aspera'tion, s. a making rough. 
Asper'ity, s. roughness; harshness of speech. 
As'perous, a. rough, uneven. 
Asper'se, v. to slander, to vilify. 
Asper'ser, s. he who vilifies another. 
Asper'sion, s. a sprinkling ; calumny. 
Asphal'tic, a. gummy, bituminous. 
Asphal'tum, j. a bituminous stone found 

near the ancient Babylon. 
As'phodol, s. a kind of plant, the day-lily. 
Aspi'rant, s. one who aspires to, a candidate. 
As'pirate, s. the mark to denote an aspirated 

pronunciation. 
As'pirate, v. to pronounce fully or strong. 
Aspira'tion, s. an ardent wish or desire ; the 

act of pronouncing with full breath. 
Aspi're, v. to aim at, to desire eagerly. 
Aspi'rement, s. the act of aspiring. 
Aspi'rer, s. one who is ambitious. 
Aspi'ring, s. the desire of something great. 
Asporta'tion, s. a carrying away. 
Asquint', ad. obliquely. 
Ass, s. a beast of burden ; a stupid fellow. 
Assail', v. to attack, to assault ; to address. 
Assail'able, a. that may be attacked. 
Assail'ant, s. one who attacks or invades : a. 

invading or attacking with violence. 
Assail 'er, s. one who attacks. 
Assail'ment, s. attack. 
Assass'in, Assass'inator, s. a secret murderer. 
Assass'inate, v . to murder secretly. 
Assassina'tion, s. act of assassinating. 
Assau'lt, s. attack, hostile onset, storm : v. 

to attack, to invade. 
Assau'ltable, a. capable of assault. 
Assau'lter, s. one who violently assaults. 
Assay 7 , s. trial, examination : v. to try or 

prove as metals. 
Assay'er, s. one who assays metals. 
Assem'blage, s. a collection of persons. 
Assem'ble, v. to meet or call together. 
Assem'bling, a. a meeting together. 
Assem'bly, s. a company assembled, a ball. 
Assent', v. to agree to, to yield : s. consent. 
Assent'er, s. the person who consents. 
Assent'ingly, ad. by agreement. 
Assert', v. to affirm, to maintain, to claim. 
Asser'tion, s. a positive affirmation. 
Assert'ivo, a. positive ; dogmatical. 
Assert'ively, ad. affirmatively. 
Assert'er, s. one who affirms ; a vindicator. 
Assess', v. to charge with any certain sum. 
Assessable, a. that which may be assessed. 
Assessment, *. the act of taxing or assessing. 



Assess'or, s. one who assesses ; an assistant 
in council. 

As'scts, s. pi. goods to discharge a debt. 

Assc/er, Asseverate, v. to affirm solemnly. 

Assevera'tion, s. a solemn affirmation. 

Assidu'ity, s. diligence, close application. 

Assid'uous, a. constant in application. 

Assid'uously, ad. diligently, constantly. 

Assid'uousness, s. constant application. 

Assi'gn, v. to mark out, to make over. 

Assignable, a. that may be assigned. 

Assigna'tion, s. an appointment, the trans- 
ferring any thing to another. 

As'signee, s. one deputed to act for others. 

Assi'gner, s. one who assigus or appoints. 

Assignment, s. an appointment, a transfer. 

Assignor', s. one who transfers an interest. 

Assim'ilate, v. to bring to a likeness. 

Assimila'tion, s. act of assimilating. 

Assim'ilative, a. havingthe power of assimi- 
lating. 

Assist'ant, s. a helper : a. helping. 

Assist', v. to help, to succour, to aid. 

Assistance, s. help, aid, relief, support. 

Assi'ze, v. to fix the weight or price. 

Assi'ze, s. the sitting of judges, twice a year 
in each county, to determine causes. In 
this sense the plural is used, Assizes. 

.Asso'ciate, v. to unite, to join with: s. a 
partner, companion : a. joined with, con- 
federate. 

Associa'tion, s. union, confederacy, partner- 
ship ; an assembly of persons. 

Asso'ciator, s. a confederate ; a companion. 

Assort', v. to range in order, to class. 

Assort'ment, s. a quantity properly arranged. 

Assua'ge, v. to soften, to mitigate, to pacify. 

Assua'gement, s. what mitigates or softens. 

Assua'sive, a. softening, mitigating, mild. 

Assu'me, v. to take, to claim, to arrogate. 

Assu'ming, a. arrogant, haughty. 

Assump'sit, s. a promise (a law term). 

Assump'tion, s. the taking any thing to one's 
self ; the thing supposed ; a postulate. 

Assump'tive, a. that which is assumed. 

Assu'rance, s. confidence ; certainty ; want 
of modesty ; a contract ; security ; firmness. 

Assu're, v. to assert positively, to secure. 

Assu'red, p. and a. convinced ; certain. 

Assu'redly, ad. certainly, undoubtedly. 

Assu'redness, s. certainty, confidence. 

As'ter, s. a genus of plants ; the star-fish. 

As'terisk, s. a mark like a star (*}, serving 
as a reference to a note. 

Aster'n, ad. a sea-term, signifying behind. 

As'teroids, s. the planets discovered by 
Herschell, between the orbits of Mars 
and Jupiter. 

As'thma, s. a disease of the lungs. 

Asthmat'ic, Asthmat'ical, a. troubled with 
an asthma. 

Aston'ish, v. to amaze, to confound. 

Aston'ishing, a. very wonderful ; amazing. 

Aston'ishingly, ad. so as to excite wonder. 

Aston'ishment, s. amazement, surprise. 

Astou'nd, v. to strike with astonishment. 

Astrad'dle, ad. with one's legs across any 
thing. 

As'tral, a. relating to the stars, bright. 

Astray 7 , ad. out of the right way, wrong. 

Astric'tion, *. the act of contracting parts. 



AST 



13 



AUD 



Astric'tive, a. styptic ; of a binding nature. 
Astri'de, ad. with the legs apart. 
Astrin'ge, v. to draw together, to bind. 
Astrin'gency, s. the power of contracting. 
Astrin'gent, a. binding, contracting : s. a 

medicine that binds, or restrains discharges. 
As'trolabe, s. an instrument for taking the 

altitude of the sun or stars at sea. 
Astrol'oger, s. one who pretends to foretel 

events by the aspects, &c. of the stars. 
Astrolo"gic, Astrolo"gical, a. belonging or 

relating to astrology. 
Astrolo"gically, ad.in an astrological manner. 
Astrol'ogy, s. the science of foretelling events 

by the stars, planets, &c. 
Astron'omer, s. one who studies celestial 

bodies. 
Astronom'ic, Astronom'ical, a. belonging to 

astronomy. 
Astronom'ical] y, ad. in an astronomical 

manner. 
Astron'omy, s. the science that teaches the 

knowledge of the heavenly bodies. 
Astu'te, a. cunning ; shrewd, penetrating. 
Astu'teness, s. craft, cunning, subtlety. 
Asun'der, ad. separately, in two parts. 
Asy'lum, s. a refuge, a place of protection. 
At, prep, near to, in, by, on, with. 
At'aghan, s. a small Turkish sabre ; a dagger. 
A'theism, s. the disbelief of a God. 
A'theist, s. a disbeliever in God's existence. 
Atheistic, Atheis'tical, a. impious. 
Atheis'tically, ad. in an atheistic manner. 
Athir'st, ad. dry, thirsty, in want of drink. 
Athle'tEe, tf. pi. public or prize wrestlers of 

Greece and Rome. 
Athlet'ic, a. strong, lusty, bony, vigorous. 
Athwart', ad. across, through ; wrong. 
Atilt', ad. in a raised posture. 
Atlante/an, a. resembling Atlas ; huge. 
Atlan'tic, s. the ocean between Europe and 

America : a. pertaining to the Atlantic 

Ocean. 
Atlan'tides, s. pi. the Pleiades or seven stars. 
At'las, s. a collection of maps ; a mountain 

in Africa. 
At'mosphere, s. the air that encompasses the 

earth on all sides. 
Atmospheric, Atmospherical, a. relating to 

the atmosphere. 
At'om, At'omy, s. an extreme small particle. 
Atom'ic, Atom'ical, a. consisting of atoms. 
Afomism, s. the doctrine of atoms. 
At'omist, s. one who holds the atomical phi- 
losophy, or doctrine of atoms. 
Ato'ne, v . to answer for ; to expiate. 
Ato'r.ement, s. agreement ; expiation. 
Ato'ner, s. he who reconciles. 
Atrabila'rian, Atrabila'rious, a. melancholy. 
Atrabila'riousncss, s. the state of melancholy 

arising from bile. 
Atramen'tal, Atramen'tous, a. inky, black. 
Atro'cious, a. wicked, enormous, heinous. 
Atro'cieusly, ad. very wickedly, heinously. 
Atro'ciousncss, s. enormous wickedness. 
Atro"city, S. horrible wickedness. 
At'rophy, s. a disease in which what is taken 

for food ceases to nourish. 
Attach', v. to seize or lay hold on ; to win 

or gain over ; to fix one's interest. 
Attach/able, a. that maybe attached ortaken. 



Attach'ment, s. adherence, fidelity, regard. 
In a legal sense, a process for taking the 
person or goods by a writ in a civil action. 

Attack', s. an assault on an enemy : v. to 
assault or impugn in any manner. 

Attain', v . to gain, to overtake, to arrive at. 

Attainable, a. that which may be attained. 

Attain'ableness, a. the being attainable. 

Attain'der, s. the act of attainting. 

Attain'ment, s. an acquisition, a quality. 

Attaint', v. to dishonour : s. a stain. 

Attaint'ure, s. legal censure ; imputation. 

Attem'per, v. to mingle, to soften, to regu^ 
late, to proportion. 

Attem'perate, a. suited : v. to attemper. 

Attempt', v. to try, to endeavour : s. an effort. 

Attempt'able, a. liable to attempts. 

Atteropt'er, s. one who attempts or attacks. 

Attend', v. to wait for, or give attendance to; 
to regard with attention ; to accompany. 

Attendance, s. the act of waiting on another. 

Attend'ant, s. one who attends on another : 
a. accompanying as subordinate. 

Attent', a. attentive, intent, regardful. 

Atten'tion, s. the act of attending, close ap- 
plication of the mind to any thing. 

Attentive, a. heedful, regardful, intent. 

Attentively, ad. heedfully. 

Attentlveness, s. state of being attentive. 

Atten'uate, a. endued with the power of di- 
luting : s. a medicine which thins the 
humours ; a diluent. 

Atten'uate, v. to make thin, to dilute. 

Attenua'tion, *. state of being made thin. 

Attest', v. to bear witness of, to invoke. 

Attesta'tion, s. testimony, witness, evidence. 

Attest'er, Attest'or, s. a witness. 

At'tic, a. pertaining to Attica in Greece, 01 
to its chief city, Athens ; and hence 
classical and elegant. 

Attic, *. the garret or upper story of a house. 

Atti're, s. clothes, dress, ornaments : v. to 
dress, to deck, to array. 

At'titude, s. posture, gesture, action. 

Attitu'dinal, a. pertaining to attitude. 

Attor'ney, s. one who is deputed to act for 
another, particularly in matters of law. 

Attorlieyship, s. the office of an attorney. 

Attract', v. draw to ; to entice ; to allure. 

Attractabillty, s. power of attraction. 

Attrac'tion, s. the act or power of attracting. 

Attractive, a. inviting, drawing to, enticing. 

A ttractlvely, ad. with the power of attracting. 

Attractiveness, s. the quality of attraction. 

Attract'or, s. that which, or one who, attracts. 

Attributable, a. that which may be ascribed. 

At'tribute, s. an inherent quality. 

Attrib'ute, v. to impute or ascribe to. 

Attribu'tion, s. the act of attributing. 

Attrib'utive, a. pertaining to or expressing 
an attribute : s. the thing attributed. 

Attri'lion, s. the act of wearing things by 
rubbing ; sorrow for sin. 

Attu'ne, v. to tune, to make musical. 

Au'burn, a. brown, of a fine tan colour. 

Auc'tion, s. a public sale of goods by bidding. 

Auc'tionary, a. belonging to an auction. 

Auctioneer", s. one who sells by auction. 

Auda'cious, a. daring, bold, impudent. 

Auda'ciously, ad. boldly ; impudently. 

Auda'ciousness, Auda"city, s. impudence- 



AUD 



19 



Au'dible, a. that may be distinctly heard. 
Au'dibleness, s. capableness of being beard. 
Au'dibly, ad. so as to be beard. 
Aa'dience, *. an auditory or assemblage of 

persons to bear any thing ; the reception 

or granting a hearing to any one ; an 

interview. 
Au'dit, s. a final account : v. to take a final 

account, to examine, to scrutinize. 
Au'ditor,*. a hearer; an examiner of accounts. 
Au'ditors of the Exchequer, s. pi. officers 

■who settle the Exchequer accounts. 
Au'ditorship, s. the office of auditor. 
Au'ditory, s. an assembly of hearers ; a 

place where lectures are delivered : a. 

pertaining to the organ of hearing. 
Au'ger,*. a carpenter's tool to bore holes with. 
Aught, s. any thing. 

Augment', v. to increase, to add, to enlarge. 
Augmenta'tion, s. the act of increasing. 
Augment'ative, a. having the quality or 

power of augmenting. 
Augment'er, s. one who augments. 
Au'gur, s. a soothsayer or diviner : v. to 

predict by signs ; to guess. 
Au'gury, s. the foretelling of events. 
August', a. majestic, grand, magnificent. 
Au'gust, s. the eighth month of the year. 
Augus'tan, a. pertaining to Augustus. 
Augus'tins, s. monks of the order of St. Au- 

gustin, formerly called Austin Friars. 
August'ness, s. nobleness of look ; dignity. 
Aula rian, s. the member of a hall. 
Au'lic, a. belonging to a royal hall or palace. 
Auln, Aune, s. a French measure ; an ell. 
A unt, s. a father's or mother's sister. 
Au'reate, a. golden. 
Aure'lia, s. the first change of a maggot 

before it becomes a fly ; a chrysalis. 
Aure'ola, s. the circle of rays called a glory. 
Au'ricle, s. the external ear ; two appendages 

of the heart which cover the ventricles and 

resemble ears. 
Auric'ula, s. a flower, called from the shape 

of its leaves bear's ear. 
Auric'ular, a. within hearing, told in secret. 
Auric'ularly, ad. in a secret manner. 
Auri'ga, s. one of the northern constellations. 
Au'rist, s. a curer of disorders in the ear. 
Auro'ra, s. poetically, the dawn of day. 
Auro'ra Borea'lis, s. a luminous meteor, fre- 
quently visible in the northern hemisphere, 

commonly called northern lights. 
Ausculta'tion, s. a hearkening or listening to 

the internal sounds proceeding from the 

region of the breast ; (a medical term.) 
Aus'pice, s. an omen drawn from birds. 
Aus'pices, s. pi. patronage, protection. 
Auspi"cious, a. prosperous, fortunate, happy. 
Auspi"ciously, ad. prosperously, favourably. 
Auspi"ciousness, s. prospeiity, success. 
Auste'rc, a. severe, rigid, harsh, stern. 
Auste'rely, ad. rigidly, severely. 
Auster'ity, *. severity ; harsh discipline. 
Australa'sian, a. belonging to the countries 
south of Asia, comprehending New Hol- 
land,New Guinea, &c. termed Australasia. 
Aus'trian, a. pertaining to the Austrian 

empire : s. a native of Austria. 
Authen'tic, a. genuine, original, true. 
Authentically, ad. in an authentic manner. 



AVO 

Authenticate, v. to establish by proof. 
Authentication, s. the establishing by proof. 
A uthenti"city, s. authority, genuineness. 
Au'thor, s. the writer of a book ; an inventor. 
Au'thoress, *. a female author. 
Authoritative, a. having authority, positive. 
Authoritatively, ad. in an authoritative 

manner ; with due authority. 
Author'itativeness, s. an acting by or appear- 
ance of authority. 
Authority, s. legal power ; influence ; rule ; 

support ; testimony ; credibility. 
Authoriza'tion, s. establishment by authority. 
Au'thorize, v. to give authority, to justify. 
Au'thorship, s. state of being an author. 
Au'to-biog'raphy, s. the life or history of a 

person written by himself. 
Au'tocrat, s. a despotic prince. 
Autocrat'ic, Autocrat'ical, a. absolutely, 

supreme. 
Au'tograph, s. original hand-writing. 
Autograph'ic, Autograph'ical, a. pertaining 

to one's own writing. 
Autom'aton, s. a self-moving machine. 
Au'tumn, s. the third season of the year. 
Autum'nal, a. belonging to autumn. 
Auxiliary, a. assistant : s. a helper. 
Auxiliaries,*. troops assisting another nation. 
Avail', v. to profit, to be of advantage. 
Available, a. profitable, advantageous. 
Avalanche, *. a vast mass of snow sliding 

down a mountain. 
Avan't-courier,*. [Ft.] one despatched beforo 

the rest to notify their approach. 
Avan't -guard, s. the van or front of an army. 
Av'arice, s. covetousness, niggardliness. 
Avari"cious, a. covetous, greedy of gain. 
Ava'st, int. hold ! stop ! enough (a sea term). 
Avatar', s. a change ; the term used to express 

each metamorphosis of an Indian deity. 
Avau'nt, int. begone ! hence ! 
Aven'ge, v. to revenge, to punish. 
Aven'gement, s. vengeance; satisfaction taken. 
Aver/ger, s. a punisher ; revenger. 
A Venue, s. an entrance to a place ; an alley 

or walk of trees leading to a house. 
Aver', v. to affirm as true ; to assert posi- 
tively as true. 
Av'erage, *. the medium number or quantity. 
Av'erage, v. to find or reduce to a medium : 

a. containing a medial proportion. 
Aver'ment, s. a declaration, an affirmation. 
Averrun'cate, v. to root up. 
Aver'se, a. contrary to, not favourable to. 
Aver'scly, ad. unwillingly ; backwardly. 
Aver'senoss, s. unwillingness ; dislike. 
Aver'sion, s. hatred, dislike, antipathy. 
Avert', v. to turn aside, to keep elf. 
Avert'er, s. one that averts. 
A'viary, s. a place enclosed to keep birds in. 
Avid'ity, s. greediness, eagerness. 
Avoca'tion, s. the act of calling off or away; 

the business that calls away. 
Avoid', v. to shun, to escape from. 
Avoid'able, a. that which may be avoided. 
Avoid'ance, s. the act of avoiding. 
Avoid'er,*. one who avoids, shuns, or escapes. 
Avoid'less, a. inevitable ; unavoidable. 
Avoirdupois', s. the weight most commonly 

in use, containing 16 ounces to tho pound. 
Avouch', v. to assert, to affirm, to maintain. 



AVO 



2J 



BAK 



Avouch'er, s. one who avouches or affirms. 

Avouch'nient, s. declaration. 

Avow', v. to declare, to assert, to profess. 

Avow'able, a. that may be avowed. 

Avow'ably, ad. in an avowable manner. 

Avow'al, s. a positive or open declaration. 

Avow'edly, ad. in an open manner. 

Avow'er, s. one who avows or justifies. 

Avul'sed, p. and a. plucked or pulled off. 

Avut'sion, s. pulling one thing from another. 

Await', v. to expect, to wait for, to attend. 

Awa'ke, v. to rouse from sleep, to put into 
new action : a. not sleeping; vigilant, active. 

Awa'ken, v. to rouse from a state of torpidity. 

Award', v. to adjudge, to determine, to give : 
s. a sentence, a determination. 

Awa're, a. vigilant, attentive, cautious. 

Away', ad. absent ; from a place ; begone. 

Awe, s. dread, fear, respect, reverence. 

Awe, v. to strike with fear and reverence. 

Aweath'er, ad. on the weather side ; towards 
the wind 1a sea term). 

Awe-command'ing, a. influencing by awe. 

Awe-inspi'ring, a. impressing with awe. 

Awe-struck, a. impressed with awe. 

Awlul, a. causing awe, or filling with reve- 
rence. 

Aw'fully, ad. in an awful manner. 

Aw' fulness, s. quality of striking with awe. 

Awlii'lc, ad. for some space of time. 

Awk'ward, a. clumsy, inelegant, unpolite. 

Awk'wardly, ad. clumsily, inelegantly. 

Awkwardness, s. inelegance, clumsiness. 

Awl, s. a sharp instrument to make holes. 

Aw'less, a. void of awe or reverence. 
Iwn'ing, s. any covering spread over a ship 
or boat to keep off the heat or wet. 

Awry 7 , ad. obliquely, asquint, unevenly. 

Axe, s. a hatchet. 

Ax'estone, s. a hard mineral found in New 
Zealand, and used by the natives for axes. 

Axil'lar,Axil'Jary,a. belonging to the arm-pit. 

Ax'iom, s. a self-evident truth. 

Axiomatical, a. relating to an axiom. 

Ax'is, s. a line passing directly through the 
centre of any thing that revolves on it. 

Axle, Axle-tree, s. the piece of timber or 
iron on which the wheel revolves. 

Ay, ad. yes ; certainly ; even so. 

Aye, ad. always; forever. 

Az'imuth, s. the arch of the horizon between 
the meridian of the place, and a vertical 
circle passing through the object. 

Azo'te, s. nitrogen, an element in chymistry. 

Azotic, a. of or relating to azote. 

Az'ure, a. of a bright blue colour ; sky- 
coloured : s. the sky. 

B. 

Baa', v. to bleat or cry like a sheep : s. the 
bleating or natural cry of a sheep. 

Ba'al, *. a Canaanitish idol. 

Bab'ble, Bab'bling, s. idle discourse. 

Bab'ble, v. to talk idly, to tell secrets. 

Bab'blement, s . unmeaning words ; prate. 

Bab'bler, s. an idle talker ; a teller of secrets. 

Babe, s. a young child of either sex. 

Ba'bel, s. disorder ; tumult ; confusion. A 
place in Shinar, where the original lan- 
guage of mankind was confounded. 

Baboon', s. a large species of monkey. 



Ba'by. s. a babe, an infant child. 

BaTjykood, s. infancy ; childhood. 

Ba'by-house, s. a toy ; a place for dolls. 

Ba'byish, Ba'bish, a. childish. 

Babylo'nian, s. a native of Babylon : a. per- 
taining to Babylon ; mixed, confused. 

Baccalau'reate, s . the degree of bachelor of 
arts. 

Bac'chanal, e. a devotee to Bacchus, the god 
of wine : a. drunken, revelling. 

Bacchanalian, s. a drunken riotous person : 
a. relating to revelry. 

Bac'chanals, s. drunken revels. 

Bach'elor, s. an unmarried man ; one who 
takes his first degree at the university ; a 
knight of the lowest order. 

Bachelorship, s. the state of a bachelor. 

Back, s. the hinder part of a thing : ad. be- 
hind ; to the place left : v. to second, to 
maintain. 

Back'bite, v. to censure an absent person. 

Back'biter, s. one who slanders secretly. 

Back'biting, s. secret detraction. 

Backbo'ne, s. the bone of the back. 

Backdoor', s. a hinder door ; a private en- 
trance. 

Backgam'mon, s. a game with dice and tables. 

Back'ground, s. ground in the rear, obscurity. 

Back'piece, s. a piece of armour for the back. 

Baek'side, s. the hinder part of any thing. 

Backsli'de, v. to fall off ; to apostatize. 

Backsli'der, s. an apostate. 

Backsli'ding, s. apostacy, transgression. 

Back'stays, s. ropes which keep the masts 
from pitching forward. 

Back'sword, s. a sword with one sharp edge ; 
a stick with a basket handle. 

Back'ward, a. unwilling, dull, sluggish. 

Back'wardly, ad. unwillingly, sluggishly. 

Back'wards, ad. with the back forwards. 
j Backwardness, s. unwillingness ; tardiness. 

Ba'con, s. the flesh of a hog, salted and dried. 

Bad, a. ill, wicked, hurtful, vicious, sick. 
I Badge, s. a mark or token of distinction. 
i Bad'ger, s. a beast resembling a hog and dog: 
v. to worry, to tease, to annoy. 

Badinage, s. [Fr.] light or playful discourse. 

Bad'ly, ad. in a bad manner. 

Bad'ness, s. want of good qualities. 

Baffle, v. to elude, to deceive ; to confound. 

Baffler, s. one that baffles or eludes. 

Bag, s. a sack ; a purse. 

Bagatell'e, s. a thing of no import, a trifle. 

Bag'gagc, s. the luggage of an army ; a term. 
for a worthless woman. 

Bagnio, s. a warm bath ; house of ill-fame. 

Bag'pipe, s. a Scotch musical instrument. 

Bag'piper, s. one that plays on a bagpipe. 

Bail, s. surety given for another's appearance: 
v. to give bail, to admit to bail. 

Bail'able, a. that maybe set at liberty by bail. 

Bailiff, s. an officer who puts in force an 
arrest ; a land steward. 

Bailiwick, s. the jurisdiction of a bailiff. 

Bail'piecc, s. a slip of parchment or paper 
containing a recognizance of bail. 

Bait, s. a temptation ; a refreshment ; a lure : 
v. to bait the hook in angling ; to take 
refreshment on a journey ; to set dogs upon. 

Baize, s. a coarse kind of open cloth. 

Bake, v. to harden by fire ; dress in an oven. 



BAK 



21 



BAE 



Ba'kehouse, s. a place for baking Dread. 
BaTcer, *. he whose trade is to bake. 
Bal'anee, s. a pair of scales ; the difference 

of an account : v. to make equal, to settle ; 

to hesitate, to fluctuate. 
Bal'ancer, *. the person that weighs any 

thing ; one who poises a weight. 
Bal'ancing, s. equilibrium ; poising. 
Bal'cony, s. a small gallery of wood or stone 

on the outside of a house. 
Bald, a. without hair ; inelegant, unadorned. 
Bald'erdash, s. any thing jumbled together 

without judgment ; a jargon of words. 
Bald'Jy, ad. nakedly ; meanly. 
Bald'ness, s. the want of hair ; the loss of 

hair ; meanness of writing ; inelegance. 
Bald'pated, a. destitute of hair on the head. 
Bald'ric, s. a girdle, a belt. 
Bale, j. goods packed for carriage ; misery. 
Bale, v. to lave water out of a boat. 
Balear'ic, a. pertaining to the islands of 

Majorca and Minorca (the Balearic Isles). 
Ba'leful, a. full of misery, sad ; pernicious. 
Bu'lefully, ad. calamitously; perniciously. 
Balis'ter, J. a cross-bow. 
Balk, v. to disappoint, to frustrate. 
Ball, j. any thing round ; a globe ; an en- 
tertainment of dancing. 
Bal'lad, s. a common or trifling song, an air. 
Bal'lad-monger, s. a trader in ballads. 
Bal'lad-singer, s. one whose employment is 

to sing ballads in the streets. 
Bul'last, s. a weight placed in the bottom of 

a ship, to prevent its oversetting : v. to 

keep any thing steady by ballast. 
Bal'lasting, s. the articles used for ballast. 
Bal'let, s. an historical or comic dance. 
Balloo'n, s. a globe made of silk, &c. which, 

being inflated with gas, rises into the air ; 

a large vessel used in chymistry. 
Bal'lot, >v. a ball or ticket used in giving votes ; 

act of so voting : v. to choose by ballot. 
Ea!'lot-box, s. a box for receiving ballots. 
Bal'loting, 5. act of voting by ballot. 
Ealm, s. an odoriferous plant. 
Balm'y, a. soothing, soft ; fragrant, odorife- 
rous. 
Bal'neary, s. a bathing-room, a bath. 
Bal'sani, s. an ointment ; a shrub. 
Balsam'ic, a. mitigating, softening, healing : 

s. a warm, demulcent, oily medicine. 
Bal'uster, s. a small pillar or column. 
Bal'ustered, a. having balusters. 
Balustra'de, *. a row of small pillars. 
Bamboo', s. an Indian cane or large reed. 
Bamboo'zle, v . to trick, to cheat, to deceive. 
Ban, s. a public notice ; a curse, interdiction. 
Eana'na, s. a kind of plantain-tree. 
Band. s. a bandage or tie ; a company : v. 

to bind together, to unite in a troop. 
Band'age, s. a fillet ; a roller for a wound. 
Eandan'a, s. a species of silk handkerchief. 
Band'box, s. a thin slight box. 
Band'elet, * a flat moulding ; a little band. 
Ban'dit, s. a man outlawed ; a robber. 
Bandit'ti, s. pi. outlaws, robbers, plunderers. 
Ban'dog, s. a large dog ; a mastiff. 
Bandoleo'rs, s. pi. small wooden cases, each 

containing a charge of powder, formerly 

appended to the band of a musketeer. 
Band'rol,Ban'nerol, s. alittleflag or streamer. 



Ban'dy, v. to toss to and fro, to eontend-ata 

game : a. crooked : s. a crooked stick. 
Ban'dy-leg, ,?. a crooked leg. 
Ban'dy-legged. a. having crooked legs. 
Bane, s. mischief, ruin, poison : v. to poison, 
Ba'neful, a. poisonous, hurtful. 
Ba'nefully, ad. perniciously, destructively. 
Ba'nefulness, s. destruetiveness. 
Ba'newort, s. the deadly nightshade. 
Bang, s. a blow, a thump : v. to beat. 
Ban'ian, *. one of a sect in India, who 

believe in transmigration, and abstain 

from animal food ; a man's morning gown, 

such as is worn by a Banian ; a tree in 

India. 
Ban'ian-days (a naval expression), those 

days when the men have no meat. 
Ban'ish, v. to exile, to drive away. 
Ban'isher, s. he who exiles another. 
Ban'ishment, s. transportation, exile. 
Ban'ister, s. a corruption of Baluster. 
Bank, s. the side of a river ; a little hill ; a 

shoal in the sea ; a repository for money. 
Bank-bill, Bank-note, j. a promissory note 
for money to be paid by a banking company. 
Bank'er, s. one who keeps a bank. 
Bank'ing, s. a trading in money. 
Bank'rupt, s. one who, being unable to pay 

creditors, surrenders his effects : a. insol- 
vent, unable to pay debts. 
Bankruptcy, s. the state of a bankrupt. 
Bank-stock, s. shares in the stock of a bank. 
Ban'ner, s. a military standard or flag. 
Ban'nered, a. furnished with banners. 
Ban'neret, s. a knight created in the field oi 

battle ; a little banner. 
Ban'nock, s. a loaf or cake of oatmeal. 
Ban'quet, s. a sumptuous feast. 
Ban'quet, v. to feast ; to regale. 
Ban'qucter, s. a feaster ; ho that makes feasts. 
Ban'queting, s. the act of feasting. 
Ban'shee, s. an Irish fairy or spirit. 
Bantam, s. a small fowl with feathered legs, 

probably first brought from Bantam, a 

kingdom in Java. 
Ban'ter, v. to rally, play upon : s. ridicule. 
Bant'ling, s. a young child, an infant. 
Bap'tism, s. the first sacrament of the 

Christian church ; sprinkling or immersion. 
Baptis'mal, a. relating to baptism. 
Bap'tist, s. one who christens ; an anabaptist. 
Baptis'tical, a. relating to baptism. 
Bap'tistry, 5. a font, or place for baptizing at. 
Bapti'ze, v. to christen. 
Bapti'zer, s. one who baptizes or christens. 
Bar, v. to secure, or fasten any thing with a 

bar ; to hinder or obstuct. 
Bar, s. a long piece of wood or iron ; the 

place assigned for lawyers to plead ; the 

place at which criminals stand during trial ; 

a hindrance ; an enclosed place in a tavern; 

a term in music. 
Barb, s. a Barbary horse ; a heard ; the 

points which stand backward in an arrow : 

v . to jag arrows with hooks ; to furnish 

horses with armour. 
Bar'bacan, s. a fortification before the walls 

of a town ; an opening in the wall for guns. 
Barba'rian, s. a rude uncivilized person, a 

savage : a. uncivilized, rude. 
Barbar'ic, a. foreign, far-fetched. 



BAB 



52 



BAS 



Bar'barisni, s. ignorance, inhumanity ; an 
uncouth manner of speaking or writing. 

Barbarity, ,?. inhumanity, cruelty. 

Barbarize, v. to render barbarous. 

Bar'barous, a. rude, uncivilized, ignorant, 
inhuman, cruel ; unacquainted with arts. 

Bar'barously, ad. ignorantly; cruelly. 

Bar'barousncss, s. rudeness ; impurity of 
language. 

Bar'becue, s. a hog dressed whole with spices. 

Bar'becue, v. to dress whole on a gridiron. 

Barb'ed, p. and a. bearded or jagged with 
hooks ; armed. 

Bar'bel, s. a kind of fish with barbs. 

Bar'ber, 5. one whose trade is to shave. 

Barberry, s. the name of a prickly shrub. 

Bard, s. a minstrel ; a poet. 

Bard'ic, a. relating to the bards or poets. 

Bare, a. naked, unadorned : v. to strip. 

Ba'reboned, a. having the bones bare. 

Ba'refaccd, a. shameless, impudent. 

Barefa'cedness, s. effrontery ; assurance. 

Ba'refoot, Barefoot'c-d, a. without shoes. 

Barehead'ed, a, having the head uncovered. 

Ba'rely, ad. nakedly; openly; merely. 

Ba'reness, s. nakedness; poverty ; indigence. 

Bar'gain, s. a contract or agreement ; a thing 
bought or sold ; a cheap purchase : v. to 
make a contract. 

Bargainer, s. he who makes a bargain. 

Bargaining, s. the act of making a bargain. 

Barge, s. a large boat for pleasure or trade. 

Bar'geman, s. the manager of a barge. 

Bar'gem aster, s. the owner of a barge. 

Baril'la, s. a plant cultivated in Spain for its 
ashes, from which the purest kind of min- 
eral alkali is obtained. 

Bark, s. the rind of a tree ; a small ship : v. 
to make a noise like a dog or wolf ; to 
clamour at ; to strip tree3 of tlieir bark. 

Bark'er, s. one that barks or clamours. 

Barley, a. consisting of bark. 

Bar 'ley, s. corn used for making malt. 

Barney-brake, s. a kind of rural play. 

Bar 'ley-corn, s. a grain of barley ; in mea- 
surement, the third part of an inch. 

Bar'ley-mow, s. where barley is stowed. 

Barley-sugar, s. sugar boiled in a decoction 
of barley. 

Bar'ley-water, s. a soft and lubricating drink 
made of barley without the rind. 

Barm, s. yeast, used to make drink ferment. 

Ba/maid, s. a female waiter at an inn. 

Barm'y, a. containing barm. 

Barn, s. a storehouse for corn, <fcc. 

Bar'nacle, s. shell-fish which adheres to wood, 
&c. in the water ; a bird like a goose, fa- 
bulously said to grow on trees ; an iron 
instrument to hoid a horse by the nose 
during an operation of farriery. 

Barom'eter, s. an instrument for indicating 
the state of the atmosphere and weather. 

Baromet'rical, a. relating to a barometer. 

Baromet'rically, ad. by means of a barometer. 

Bai^on, s. a rank in nobility next to a vis- 
count ; two sirloins of beef not cut asunder. 

Bar'onage, s. the dignity of a baron. 

Bar'one.js, s. a baron's wife. 

Ear onet. s. the lowest title that is hereditary, 
next in rank to a baron. 

Baronetage, *. the whole body of baronets. 



Baro'nial, a. relating to a baron or barony. 
Bar'ony, s. the possessions of a baron . 
Barou'che, s. a four-wheeled open coach. 
Bar 'rack, s. a building to quarter soldiers in. 
Bar'rack-master, s. the officer who has the 

superintendence of soldiers' barracks. 
Bar'rator, s. an encourager of lawsuits. 
Bar'ratry, s. foul practice in law ; a fraud 

committed by seamen on merchants' good3 

entrusted to their care. 
Barrel, *. a round wooden vessel ; the hol- 
low tube of a gun ; a cylinder. 
Barren, a. unfruitful, unmeaning, dull. 
Bar'rcnness, s. sterility, want of invention. 
Barriea'de, v. to secure a place, to fortify. 
Barrica'de, Barrica'do, 5. a fortification, an 

obstruction, a bar to prevent admittance. 
Barrier, s. a boundary, a defence. 
Barrister, s. a pleader at the bar,an advocate. 
Barlow, s. a small hand or wheel carriage ; 

a small mound of earth under which bodies 

were anciently deposited ; a hog. 
Barler, v. to give one commodity in exchange 

for another : s. traffic by exchanging. 
Bar'terer, s. he that exchanges goods. 
Bar'tery, s. exchange of commodities. 
Bary'tes, Bary'ta, s . a very ponderous earth. 
Bar'ytone, s. a grave deep sound ; a male 

voice, the tone of which is between the 

base and the tenor. 
Basalt', Basp.lt'es, *. a grayish black mineral 

or stone, never found in layers, but upright 
Basalt'ic, a. relating to or formed of basaltes. 
Bas'anite, s. black jasper, a kind of slate. 
Base, s* the foundation of any thing ; a rustio 

play ; the pedestal of a statue : a. vile, 

mean, low ; metal below the standard ; in 

music, deep, grave : v. to found or estab- 
lish on a base. 
Ba'se-born, a. of illegitimate parentage. 
Ba'seless, a. without foundation. 
Ba'sely, ad. in a base mnnner ; meanly. 
Ba'se-minded, a. mean-spirited. 
Ba'se-mindedness, s. meanness of spirit. 
Ba'sement, s. base or foundation ; the ground 

floor. 
Ba'seness, s. vileness, meanness. 
Ba'senet, s. a helmet or headpiece. 
Bashaw', s. a Turkish Pacha or viceroy. 
Bash'ful, a. timid, modest, coy, shamefaced. 
Bash'fully, ad. modestly, timorously. 
Bash'fulness, *. appearance of modesty. 
Bas'il, s. the slope of a joiner's tool ; a kind 

of leather. 
Bas'ilic, s. a large hall or church. 
Basii'ica, .?. the middle vein of the arm. 
Basil'ic, Basil'ical, a. belonging to the basilic 

vein. 
Basil'icon, s. a kind of ointment. 
Bas'ilisk, s. a crested serpent, a cockatrice, 

said to lull by looking ; apiece of ordnance. 
Ba's!n, s. a small vessel to hold water : a dock 

where ships float in safety ; a small pond. 
Ba'sis, s. the foundation of any thing ; the 

foot, the pedestal. 
Bask', v. to lie in the heat of the sun or fire. 
Bas'ket, s. a vessel made of twigs or rushes, 
Bass, s. a mat used to kneel en in churches; 

a. in music, deep-toned. 
Bas'sct. s. a certain game at cards. 
Bassoon', s. a musical wind instrument. 



BAS 



23 



BEA 



list, s. a performer on the bassoon. 

Bass-relie'f, or Bas'so-relie'vo, s. raised work. 

Bass-vi'ol, s. a musical instrument. 

Bas'tard, s. a child born out of wedlock: a. 
illegitimate ; spurious ; not genuine. 

Bas'tardism, s. the state of a bastard. 

Bas'tardize, v. to declare a child illegitimate. 

Bas'tardy, s. an unlawful state of birth. 

Baste, v. to beat ; to drip butter on meat 
whilst roasting ; to sew slightly. 

Basti'le, s, a prison, a dungeon, a gaol. 

Bastina'de, Bastina'do, s. act of beating with 
a cudgel ; a Turkish punishment for beat- 
ing an offender on the soles of his feet : v. 
to give the bastinado. 

Ba'sting, s. act of beating with a stick. 

Bas'tion, s. a huge mass of earth standing 
out from a rampart ; a bulwark. 

Bat, s. a club to strike a ball with ; a winged 
animal somewhat resembling a mouse. 

Batch, s. the quantity of bread baked at 
once. 

Bate, v. an abbreviation of Abate. 

Bateau', s. [Fr.] a long light boat. 

Bath, s. a place to bathe in ; bathing. 

Bathe, v. to wash in a bath ; to soften. 

Ba'ther, s. one who bathes. 

Ba'thing, s. immersion in water. 

Ba'thos, s. anticlimax or sinking in poetry. 

Ba'ting, prep, abating, except. 

Bat'on, Batoon', s. a staff ; a marshal's 
truncheon. 

Batta'lia, s. battle array, order of battle. 

Battal'ion, s. a body of foot soldiers, from 500 
to 800 men ; a division of an army. 

Bat'ten, v. to fatten : s. a broad thin scant- 
ling of wood : v. to form with battens. 

Bat'ter, s. a mixture of flour, eggs, milk, 
&c. : v. to beat, to beat down ; to wear 
with beating, to wear out with service. 

Bat'tering-ram, s. a military engine, formerly 
used to batter down walls. 

Bat'tery, s. a raised work on which cannons 
are mounted ; in law, a violent assault. 

Bat'tle, s. a tight: v. to contend in right. 

Battle-array', s. a form or order of battle. 

Bat'tle-axe, j. a weapon like an axe ; a bill. 

Bat'tle-door, s. aflat instrument used to strike 
shuttlecocks with. 

Bat'tlement, s. a wall with embrasures; a 
breastwork. 

Baubee', s. (in Scotland) a halfpenny. 

Bau'ble, s. a trifle, a trinket, a plaything. 

Bawd, s. a procurer, or procuress. 

Bawd'y, a. unchaste, foul, lewd. 

Bawd'ry, s. obsceneness or lewdness. 

Bawl, v. to call or cry out, to speak loud. 

Bawl'cr, s. one who makes an outcry. 

Bawl'ing, s. the act of loudly calling. 

Bay, s. a geographical term ; a species of the 
laurel-tree ; a stand made by one surround- 
ed by enemies : a. brown approaching to 
chestnut-colour : v. to bark as a dog, to 
bark at. 

Bay'ard, s. a bay horse. 

Ba/onet, s. a dagger fixed to a musket : v. 
to stab with a bayonet. 

Bays, s. an honorary crown or garland. 

Bay'-salt, s. salt made from sea-water ex- 
posed to the sun, so named from its colour. 

Bay'-trce, *. the female laurel. 



Bay-window, s. a window jutting outward. 

Bazaar 7 , Bazar 7 , j. an eastern market. 

Bdel'lium, s. an aromatic gum. 

Be, v. to exist, to have existence. 

Beach, s. the sea-shore, the strand, the coast. 

Bea'con, J. something on an eminence, where 
signs are made to direct seamen. 

Bead,*, a little ball strung with others, with, 
which necklaces and rosaries are made. 

Bea'dle, s. an inferior officer in a parish, 
university, or court. 

Bea'dleship, s. the office of a beadle. 

Bead'roll, s. a list of those to be prayed for. 

Beads'man, s. he who prays for another ; a 
monk. 

Bea'gle, s. a small kind of hunting ddg. 

Beak, s. the bill of a bird ; any point like a 
beak. 

Bcak'ed, a. having a beak ; pointed. 

Beak'er, s. a cup with a spout formed like 
the beak of a bird. 

Beam, s. the main piece of timber which 
supports a building ; the balance of a pan 
of scales ; the pole of a chariot ; a ray of 
light : v. to emit rays or beams. 

Beam'less, a. emitting no ray of light. 

Beam'y, a. radiant ; shining ; resplendent. 

Bean, s. a well-known kind of pulse. 

Bear, s. a rough, savage animal ; a rude un- 
polished man ; the name of two constella- 
tions, called the greater and lesser bear. 

Bear, v. to carry a load, to support, to endure 
or suffer ; to bring forth. 

Bear'-baiting, s. baiting bears with dogs. 

Beard, s. hair which grows on the chin and 
lips ; the barb of an arrow or hook : v. to 
take by the beard ; to oppose to the face. 

Be'arded, a. having a beard ; barbed. 

Be'ardless, a. having no beard ; youthful. 

Bear'er, j. a person employed as the carrier 
of any thing ; a supporter. 

Bear'-garden, s. any place of tumult. 

Bear'ing, s. the situation of any place, both 
as to distance and direction ; gesture or 
carriage. 

Bear'ish, a. having the qualities of a bear. 

Bear'like, a. resembling a bear ; rude. 

Bear'sfoot, s. a plant, a species of hellebore. 

Beast, s. an irrational animal : a brutal man. 

Beast'ly, a. nasty, filthy, obscene. 

Beast'lincss, s. brutality, filthiness. 

Beat, v. to strike ; to conquer ; to throb : s. 
a stroke ; a pulsation. 

Be'ater, s. one who beats or strikes. 

Beat'en, a. bruised, trodden. 

Beatific, Beatifical, a. blissful, heavenly. 

Beatifically, ad. blissfully. 

Beatitica'tion, s. the act of pronouncing a 
dead person beatified. 

Beat'ify, v. to bless with celestial enjoyment. 

Bea'ting, s. correction by blows. 

Beat'itude, s. blessedness, happiness, felicity. 

Beau, s. a fop, a man of dress ; an admirer. 

Bcau'idcal, s. [Fr.] ideal excellence or per- 
fection. 

Beau'i.sh, a. foppish ; dressed showily. 

Beau-monde, s. [Fr.] the fashionable world. 

Beau'tcous, a. fair, elegant, beautiful. 

Beau'teously, ad. in a beauteous manner. 

Beau'teousness, s. loveliness to the sight. 

Beau'tificr, s, that which beautifies. 



BE A 



24 



EEL 



Beau'tiful, a. fair, elegant, pleasing. 
Beau'tifulness, s. beauty, elegance. 
Beau'tifully. ad. in a beautiful manner. 
Beau'tify, v . to adorn, to embellish. 
Beau'ty, s. that assemblage of graces which 

pleases the eye ; a beautiful person. 
Beau'ty-spot, s. a small black patch. 
Bea'ver, s. an amphibious animal, valuable 

for its fur ; a hat made of its fur ; the part 

of a helmet which covers the face. 
Bea'vered, a. wearing a beaver. 
Becafi'co, s. a small bird, the fig-eater. 
Becalm', v. to keep in a calm ; to quiet. 
Becau'se, conj. for ; for this reason. 
Bechan'ce, v. to befall ; to happen. 
Becharm', v. to captivate. 
Beck, s. a sign with the hand or head, a nod. 
Beck'on, v. to make a sign with the hand. 
Becom'e, v. to be fit, to be suitable to the 

person ; to enter into some state. 
Becom'ing. a. suitable, graceful, pleasing. 
Becom'ingly, ad. in a becoming manner. 
Becom'ingness, s. propriety, suitableness. 
Becrip'ple, v. to make lame. 
Bed, s. something to sleep on ; a division in 

a garden in which seeds are sown ; the 

channel of a river ; a layer, a stratum. 
Bed, v to place in a bed ; to cohabit. 
Bedab'ble, v. to besprinkle, to wet. 
Bedrag'gle, v. to trail in the dirt. 
Bedaub', v . to daub, to besmear. 
Bedaz'zle, v. to make the sight dim by too 

brilliant a light. 
Bed'cbamber, s. a room to sleep in. 
Bed'clothes, s. the coverings of a bed. 
Bed'ding, s. the materials belonging to a bed. 
Bedeck', v. to deck, to adorn, to embellish. 
Bedew 7 , v. to moisten gently as with dew. 
Bed'fellow, s. one lying in the same bed. 
Bed'-hangings, s.pl. the curtains to a bed. 
Bedi'gbt, v . to adorn ; to dress. 
Bedim', v. to make dim. 
Bediz'en, v. to dress out gaily. 
Bedlam, s. an hospital for lunatics. 
Bed'lamite, s. a madman, a noisy person. 
Bed'maker, s. a person whose office it is to 

make the beds, as in the universities. 
Bed'post, #. the post of a bedstead. 
Bedrench', v. to drench ; to saturate. 
Bed'rid, Bed'ridden, a. confined to bed by 

sickness or old age. 
Bed'room, s. a bedchamber. 
Bedrop', v. to besprinkle. 
Bed'side, s. the side of the bed. 
Bcd'stead, s. the frame which supports a bed. 
Bed'time, *. the hour of rest. 
Bee, *. an insect which produces honey. 
Beech, s. a forest tree. 

Beech'en, a. consisting of the wood of beech. 
Beech'mast, t. the nuts of the beech. 
Beech'-oil, *. oil expressed from beech-nuts. 
Bee'-eater, s. a bird that feeds upon bees. 
Beef, s. the ilesh of the ox, bull, or cow. 
Beef-eater, t. a yeoman of the guard. 
Beef-steak, s. a slice of beef for broiling. 
Beo'hive, s. a box or case for holding bees. 
Been, p. See Be. 

Beer, s. a liquor made of malt and hops. 
Beet, 3. the name of a garden plant. 
Boe'tle, s. an insect ; a large heavy mallet. 
Bee' tie, v. to hang or project over. 



Bee'tle-browed, a. having a prominent brow. 

Bee'tle-headed, a. dull, stupid. 

Beeves, s. pi. black cattle, oxen. 

Befall', v. to happen, to come to pass. 

Befit', v. to be suitable to, to suit. 

Befool', v. to make a fool of. 

Befo're, prep, farther onward ; in front of; in 
presence of; superior to : ad. sooner than ; 
previously. 

Befo'rehand, ad. in a state of anticipation. 

Befo'retime, ad. formerly, of old time. 

Befoul', v. to soil, to dirty, to make foul. 

Befriend', v. co favour, to be kind to. 

Befrin'ge, v. to decorate with fringes. 

Beg. v. to ask alms, to entreat, to petition. 

Beget', v. to generate, to produce. 

Beg'gar, j. one who lives by begging : v. to 
reduce to beggary, to impoverish. 

Beggarly, a. in want, stingy : ad. meanly. 

Beg'gary, s. gTeat want, indigence, poverty. 

Begilt', a. gilded over. 

Begin', v. to enter upon, to commence. 

Begin'ner, s. one that begins ; a novice. 

Begin'ning, s. the first original or cause ; the 
first part ; the rudiments or first ground. 

Begird', v: to gird, bind round, shut up. 

Begnaw 7 , v. to eat away, to corrode. 

Begon'e, int. get away ! go hence ! 

Begrea'se, v. to soil with grease. 

Begri'me, v. to soil, to dirty with soot. 

Begrud'ge, v. to envy the possession of. 

Begui'le, v. to cheat, to impose on ; to amuse, 
to deceive pleasingly. 

Begui'ler, s. one who beguiles. 

Behalf, *. favor, support, vindication. 

Beha've, v. to demean, to act, to conduct. 

Beha'viour, *. conduct, course of life. 

Behead', v. to kill by cutting off the head. 

Be'hemoth, $. an animal described in Job, 
supposed to be the hippopotamus. 

Behest', *. a command, order, precept. 

Behi'nd, prep, at the back of, following an- 
other, remaining after another : ad. back- 
wards ; in the rear. 

Behindhand, ad. late in time ; in arrears. 

Behold, v. to look upon : int. see ! lo ! 

Beho'lden, a. obliged, bound in gratitude. 

Beho'lder, s. a spectator. 

Behoof, s. profit, advantage, benefit. 

Behoofable, a. fit, profitable, useful. 

Behoo've, Beho've, v. to be fit, to become. 

Be'ing, s. existence ; a particular state or 
condition ; the person existing. 

Bela'bour, v. to beat soundly, to thump. 

Bela'ced, p. and a. covered with lace. 

Bela'ted, a. benighted, late out. 

Belay', v. to block up, to besiege ; with 
seamen, to make fast a rope. 

Belch, v. to eject wind from the stomach. 

Belch'ing, s. eructation. 

Bel'dam, s. a hag, a scolding woman. 

Beiea'guer. v. to besiege, to block up. 

Bel'fry. s. a place where bells hang. 

Belial, s. wickedness : a. worthless. 

Beli'e, v. to slander, to calumniate. 

Belii'f, s. persuasion, opinion ; creed ; a form 
containing the articles of faith. 

Belie' ve, w. to credit, to trust, to think truo. 

Believ'able, a. credible. 

Beliefer, s. a professor of Christianity. 

Believlngly, ad. in a believing manner. 






BEL 

Beli'ke, ad. probably, perhaps, likely. 
Bell, s. a hollow sounuing vessel. 
Belle, s. a gay dressy young lady. 
Belles-Let'tres, [Fr.j s.pl. polite literature. 
Bell-flower, s. the plant campanula, so 
named, from the flower being shaped like 
a bell. 
Bell'- founder, s. one who casts bells. 
Bell'-hanger, s. one who fixes bells. 

Bol'licose, a. inclined for war. 

Belli"gerent, s. a state carrying on war. 

Belli"gerent, Belli"gerous, a. waging war. 

Bell'man, s. he whose business it is to pro- 
claim any thing in towns, and to gain 
attention by ringing his bell. 

Bell'-metal, s. a mixture of copper and tin. 

Bel'low, v. to roar like a bull ;_ to clamour. 

Bel'lowing, a - , loud noise ; roaring. 

Bel'lows, s. an instrument to blow the fire. 

Bel'lows-maker, s. a maker of bellows. 

Bell-rope, s. a pulley for bells. 

Bel'luinc, a. beastly ; brutal ; savage. 

Bell'-wether, s. a sheep which leads the flock 
with a bell on his neck. 

Bel'ly, s. the lower part of the body. 

Bel'lyband, s. the girth which fastens the 
saddle of a horse in harness. 

Bel'lyful, s. as much food as fills the belly. 

Bel'ly-god, s. a glutton ; a gourmand. 

Belly-pinched, a. suffering from Lunger. 

Bel'ly-slave, s. a slave to the appetite. 

Belong', v. to appertain to, to be the pro- 
perty of, to have relation to. 

Bclov'ed, a. greatly loved, valued much. 

Below', ad. lower in place, inferior. 

Belt, s. a girdle, a sash : v. to encircle. 

Bema'sk, v. to hide, to conceal. 

Bemi'rc, v. to soil, to daub with mire. 

Bemo'an, v. to lament, to bewail. 

Bemo'aner, s. one who laments. 

Bemock', v. to deride ; to laugh at. 

Bemo'urn, v. to weep over ; to bewail. 

Bemu'sed, a. overcome with musing. 

Bench, s. a long seat ; a seat of justice ; 
justices sitting on the bench. 

Bench'er, .?. a senior or governing member in 
the inns of court. 

Bend, s. a curve ; a crook. 

Bend, v. to crook, to bow : to subdue. 

Bene'ath, prep, under, lower in place, lower 
in excellence, unworthy of : ad. in a lower 
place. 

Benedic'tine, s. a monk of that order, named 
after its founder, St. Benedict. 

Benedic'tion, s. a blessing ; an acknowledg- 
ment for blessings received. 

Bonefac'tion, s. a charitable gift, a benefit. 

Benefac'tor, Benefac'tress, s. a man or woman 
who docs acts of kindness ; a patron. 

Ben'efice, s. an ecclesiastical living. 

Ben'eficed, a. having church preferment. 

Beneficence, s. generosity, active goodness. 

Beneficent, a. kind, obliging, doing good. 

Beneficently, ad. in a beneficent manner. 

Bencfi"cial, a. advantageous, useful. 

Benefi"cially, ad. advantageously. 

Benefi"eialness, s. usefulness, profit. 

Benefi"ciary, s. one who holds a benefice. 

Ben'efit, *. kindness, advantage, use : v. to 
gain advantage by ; to do good. 

Benevolence, *. disposition to good; charity. 



25 



BES 



Benev'olent, a. having good-will, kind. 

Bencv'olently, ad. in a kind manner. 

Benga'lee, s. the language spoken in '. 

Bengale'se, s. a native or natives of Bengal. 

Beni'ght, v. to involve in darkness. 

Beni'ghted, p.av&a. overtaken by the night. 

Beni'gn, a. kind, generous, gentle. 

Benig'nant, a. kind ; gracious ; good. 

Benig'nity, s. giaciousness, kindness. 

Beni'gnly, ad. kindly, graciously. 

Ben'ison, s. a benediction or blessing. 

Ben'jamin, s. See Benzoin. 

Bent,*, inclination, disposition, fixed purpose. 

Bent'-grass, s. the agrostis, a kind of grass. 

Benum'b, v. to make torpid, to stupify. 

Benzoin', s. a medicinal kind of resin, vul- 
garly called gum-benjamin. 

Bepaint', v. to cover with paint. 

Bepinch', v. to mark with pinches. 

Bepow'der, v. to sprinkle over with powder 

Bepra'ise, v. to praise extravagantly. 

Bequeath', v. to give by will, to leave. 

Bequcath'ment, s. the act of bequeathing. 

Bequest', s. something left by will. 

Bere'ave, v. to deprive of ; to take away. 

Berc'avernent, *. deprivation ; great loss. 

Ber'gamot, s. a kind of pear ; an essence or 
perfume ; a sort of scented snuff. 

Berhy'me, v. to mention in rhyme. 

Ber'lin, s. a kind of chariot first made in 
Berlin. 

Ber'ry, j. any small fruit containing seeds. 

Berth, s. a room or sleeping place on board 
a ship ; a ship's station when at anchor. 

Ber'yl, s. a precious stone of a greenish cast. 

Bescrcen', v. to shelter ; to conceal. 

Bescrib'blc, v. to scribble over. 

Beseech', v. to beg, to entreat, to implore. 

Beseem', v. to become, to befit. 

Bcseem'ing, a. becoming, proper. 

Beseem'ly, a. fit ; becoming ; suitable. 

Beset', v. to waylay, to perplex, to harass. 

Beset'ting, a. habitually attending. 

Beshrew', v. to wish a curse upon. 

Besi'de, Besi'des, pr. over and above, ncai 

Besic'ge, v. to lay siege to ; to hem in. 

Besie'ger, s. one who besieges. 

Besmear', v. to daub or smear over. 

Besmut', v. to blacken with smut. 

Besnuff ', v. to foul with snuff. 

Be'som, s. a broom made of twigs. 

Besot', v. to make sottish; to stupify with 
liquor. 

Besot'tedness,*. arrant stupidity; infatuation. 

Bespan'gle, v. to decorate with spangles. 

Bespat'ter, v to splash with dirt ; to asperse 
with reproach. 

Bespeak', v. to order beforehand; to address 

Bespec'kle, v. to mark with speckles. 

Bespot', v. to mark with spots, to variegate 

Bespread', v. to spread over. 

Bcspriu'klc, v. to sprinkle over. 

Best, a. most good ; ad. in the best manner 

Bes'tial, a. like a beast, brutish. 

Bestial'ity, s. the quality of beasts. 

Bestir', v. to move quickly, to hasten. 

Bestow', v. to give, to confer upon. 

Bestow'al, Bestow'ment, S. disposal. 

Bcstow'er, s. a giver ; a disposer. 

Bestrew', v. to strew or scatter about. 

Bestri'de, v. to get across any thing. 
C 



BES 



26 



BIL 



Bestud', v. to adorn with studs. 
Bet, s. a wager : v. to lay a wager. 
Beta'ke, v. to take, to hare recourse to. 
Be'tel, s. a valuable Indian shrub. 
Bethink', v. to recollect, to reflect. 
Beti'de, v. to happen, to befall. 
Beti'rnes, ad. early, soon, seasonably. 
Beto'ken, v. to signify, to foreshow. 
Betray', v. to deliver up treacherously ; to 

divulge a secret, to discover. 
Betray'er, s. a traitor ; one that betrays. 
Betroth', v. to give or receive a contract of 

marriage ; to affiance. 
Betroth'ment, s. a mutual promise of mar- 
riage. 
Bet'ter, a. superior, improved, more good. 
Bet'tering, s. the act of improving. 
Bet'ters, s.pl. our superiors in station, &c. 
Bet' ting, s. the act of making a wager. 
Bet'tor, s. one that lays wagers. 
Between', Betwixt', prep, in the middle. 
BeVel, s. a kind of square rule ; an "Ltuse 

or acute anglo : a. oblique : v. to cut to a 

bevel anglo. 
Bev'erage, s. drink, liquor to be drunk. 
Bev'y, s. a flock of birds ; a company. 
Bewail', v. to bemoan, to lament. 
Bewail'ing, s. audible sorrow, lamentation. 
Bewa're, v. to be cautious, to be wary of. 
Bewil'der, v. to mislead, to puzzle. 
Bewitch', v. to injure by witchcraft, to charm, 

to fascinate. 
Bewitch'er, .y. one who bewitches. 
Bewitch'ery, Bewitch'ment, s. fascination. 
Bewitch'ing, a. having power to fascinate. 
Bewitch'ingly, ad. in an alluring manner. 
Bewrap', v. to wrap up ; to enclose. 
Bewray', v. to discover ; to betray. 
Bewray'er, s. a betrayer ; discoverer. 
Bey, s. a Turkish governor. 
Beyond', prep, farther onward than, remote 

from, on the farther side of, above. 
Bez'el, s. that part of a ring in which the 

diamond or stone is fixed. 
Be'zoar, s. a medicinal stone from the East. 
Bezo'nian, s. a low fellow. 
Bez'zle, v. to waste in riot. 
Bi'as, s. inclination, bent ; a weight lodged 

on one side of a bowl ; propension : v. to 

prejudice, to incline partially. 
Bib, s. a piece of linen to pin before a child. 
Bib'ber, s. a tippler, a toper, a sot. 
Bi'ble, s. the sacred volume, in which are 

contained the revelations of God. 
Bib'lical, a. relating to the bible or divinity. 
Bibliog'rapher, s. one skilled in book history. 
Bibliograph'ical, a. relating to the history of 

books. 
Bibiioma'nia, S. eagerness to possess curious 

books ; book madness. 
Biblioma'niac, s. one smitten with a rage for 

books. 
Bibliopol'ic, a. pertaining to bookselling. 
Bib'liopole, Bibliop'olist, s. a bookseller. 
Bibliothe'ca, Bibliothe'ke, s. a library. 
Biblioth'ecal, a. belonging to a library. 
Bib'lis, s. the wine-fly, a small insect. 
Bicar'bonate, s. carbonic acid doubly strong. 
Bicipital, Bicip'itous, a. having two heads. 
Bick'er, v. to quarrel, to wrangle. 
Riflfering. s, a quarrel ; skirmish. 



Bid', v. to command ; to offer a price. 
Bid'dcr, s. one who offers a price. 
Bid'ding, s. a command, order, charge. 
Bide, v. to dwell, to abide, to endure. 
Biden'tal, a, having two teeth. 
Bidet', [Fr.] J. a little horse. 
Bi'ding, s. an abode, residence, stop. 
Bien'nial, a. continuing for two years. 
Bien'nially, ad. every two years. 
Bier, s. a frame used for carrying the dead. 
Biest'ings, s. the first milk after calving. 
Bi'fold, a. twofold ; double. 
Bi'form, a. having a double form. 
Bifront'cd, a. having two fronts. 
Bi'furcated, a. having two forks. 
Bifurca'tion, s. division into two branches. 
Big, a. large, great, swollen, fraught. 
Big'amist, s. he who has committed bigamy. 
Bigamy, s. the having two wives at once. 
Big'gin, s. a kind of cap for a child. 
Bight, s. a small bay ; a coil of rope. 
Big'ness, s. bulk ; size ; dimensions. 
Big'ot, s. a zealot, one unreasonably or 

blindly devoted to a party or creed. 
Big'oted, a. irrationally zealous. 
Big'otedly, ad. in a bigoted manner. 
Big'otry, s. blind zeal ; superstition. 
Bilat'eral, a. having two sides. 
Bil'berry, s. a small purple-coloured berry 
Bilbo, ( Bilboa) s. a sword, a rapier. 
Bil'boes, s.pl. stocks or shackles for the feet, 

for punishing offenders at sea (originally 

used in Spanish ships). 
Bile, s. a thick bitter liquor separated from 

the blood, and collected in the gall bladder. 
Bi'leduct, s. a vessel or canal for the bile. 
Bilge, s. the broadest part of a ship's bottom ; 

the protuberant part of a cask : v. to spring 

a leak, to let in water. Another form of 

Bulge. 
Bil'ge-pump,,y.a pump to draw off bilge-water. 
Bil'ge-water, s. water which enters a 6hip by 

a leak, and lies on her bilge. 
Bil'iary, a. belonging to the bile. 
Bilin'guous, a. having two tongues. 
Bil'ious, a. full of bile, choleric. 
Bijou, [Fr.] s. any elegant ornament. 
Bilk, v. to cheat, to overreach, to defraud. 
Bill, s. the beak of a bird ; a kind of hatchet; 

a written paper of any kind ; an account 

of money due ; a law proposed in writiDg 

to parliament, which when passed is called 

an Act ; a legal declaration in writing. 
Bill of exchange, s. a note which authorizes 

the bearer to demand at sum of money at 

a certain time and place, in consideration 

of value received. 
Bill of parcels, s. an account delivered by 

the seller to the buyer of goods. 
Bill, v. to caress, to fondle. 
Bil'iet, s. a small log of wood ; a note, a 

letter, a small paper : v. to quarter soldiers. 
Bil'Iet-doux, s. a short love-letter, a card. 
Bil'liards, s. a game with balls and sticks. 
Billingsgate, *. foul language ; such as is 

used in Billingsgate, a famous fish-market 

in London. 
Bil'lion, s. a million of millions. 
Bil'low, s. a large rolling wave of the sea t 

v. to rise and roll like huge waves. 
Billowy, a. swelling like large waves. 



BIN 



27 



BLA 



Bin, J. a repository for wine, corn, &c. 
Bi'nary, a. composed of two ; double. 
Biad, v. to tie, to fasten, to connect ; to put 

under constraint or obligation ; to make 

costive ; to cover books. 
Bi'nder, s. lie whose trade it is to bind books. 
Bi'nding, s. covering of books ; a bandage. 
Bi'nding, a. obligatory. 
Bin'nacle, Bit'tacle, s. a frame in the steerage 

of a ship, where the compass is placed. 
Bin'ocle, s. a telescope with two tubes, for 

looking at an object with both eyes. 
Binoc'ular, a. having two eyes or two tubes. 
Bino'mial, s. an algebraic term. 
Biog'rapher, s. a writer of lives. 
Biographical, a. relating to biography. 
Biog'raphy, s. a history or writing of lives. 
Bip'arous, a. bringing forth two at a birth. 
Bip'artite, a. having two corresponding parts. 
Bi'ped, s. a two-footed animal. 
Bipen'nated, a. having two wings. 
Bipet'alous, a. consisting of two flower-leaves. 
Biquad'rate, Biquadratic, s. the fourth power 

arising from multiplying a square by itself. 
Birch, s. a tree common in England ; a rod. 
Birch, Birch'en, a. made of birch. 
Bird, s. a name applied to all fowls. 
Bird'-bolt, s. an arrow for shooting birds. 
Bird'cage, s. a cage to keep birds in. 
Bird'eall, s. a whistle to allure birds. 
Bird'-catcher, s. oue who catches birds. 
Bird's-eye, a. seen from above, as if by the 

eye of a bird flying ; as " a bird's-eye 

view." 
Bird'lime, s. a glutinous substance used to 

entangle the feet of small birds. 
Bird's-nest, s. the nest which a bird makes 

for hatching and rearing its young. 
Birth, s. the act of coming into life ; lineage, 

extraction ; rank inherited by descent. 
Birth'day, s. the anniversary of the day of 

one's birth. 
Birth'dom, s. privilege of birth. 
Birth 'place, s. place where any one is born. 
Birth'right, s. the rights and privileges to 

which a person is born. 
Bis'cuit, 5. a kind of hard flat bread; a cake. 
Bisect', v. to divide into two equal parts. 
Biseo'tion, s. division into two equal parts. 
Bish'op, s. (literally, an overseer) a dignitary 

of the Church, presiding over the clergy 

within a district called a diocese ; a liquor 

composed of oranges, wine, sugar, &c. 
Bish'opric, s. the diocese of a bishop. 
Bis'muth, 5. a hard white brittle mineral. 
Bis'on, s. a kind of wild ox. 
Bissex'tile, s. leap-year ; every fourth year. 
Bit, s. a small piece of any thing ; a morsel ; 

the iron mouth-piece of a bridle. 
Bitch, s. the female of the dog kind. 
Bite, s. seizure by the teeth ; a sharper. 
Bite, v. to seize or wound with the teeth ; to 

cut ; to cheat, to trick. 
Bi'ter, s. one that bites ; a tricker. 
Biting, a. sharp, severe, sarcastic. 
Bi'tingly, ad. sarcastically; reproachfully. 
Bit'ter, a. biting to the taste ; acrid, sharp, 

painful, severe, satirical. 
Bit'terly, ad. with a bitter taste ; sharply. 
Bit' tern, s. a bird of the heron kind. 
Bit'torness, s. a bittor taste ; malice ; grief. 



Bit'ters, s. a spirit ous liquor in which bitter 

herbs or roots aro steeped. 
Bit'ter-wort, s. gentian, a very bitter plant. 
Bitu'men, s. a kind of pitch ; naphtha. 
Bitu'minous, a. containing bitumen. 
Bivalve, a. and s. having two valves or shells 

which open and shut, as an oyster. 
Biv'ouac, s. an armed force on guard all 

night : v. to be under arms all night. 
Blab, v. to tell a secret, to tattle, to tell tales. 
Blab, s. a telltale ; a tattler. 
Blab'ber, s. one who blabs ; a telltale. 
Black, a. of the colour of night ; ' dark ; 

wicked : s. a negro ; a dark colour ; mourn- 
ing : v. to blacken. 
Black'amoor, Black'moor, $. a negro. 
Black'ball, v. to vote against, by putting 

black balls into the ballot-box. 
Black'bird, s. the name of a bird. 
Blaek'berry, s. the fruit of the bramble. 
Black'-cattle, s. oxen ; bovine cattle. 
Black'-cock, s. the heath-cock. 
Black'en, v. to make black ; to defame. 
Black'guard, j.alow dirty fellow, a scoundrel. 
Black'ing, s. liquid, &c, for blacking shoos. 
Black'ish, a. somewhat block. 
Black-lead, s. a mineral used for pencils. 
Black'lcg, s. a swindler, a low cheater. 
Black'ness, s. a black colour ; atrociousness. 
Black'mail, s. a certain rate paid for pro- 
tection to men allied to robbers. 
Black'-rod, s. the usher belonging to the 

Order of the Garter ; usher of Parliament. 
Black'smith, s. a smith who works in iron. 
Black'thorn, s. the sloe-tree. 
Blad'der, s. urinary vessel ; a bag ; a pustule. 
Blade, s. the spire of grass or corn ; the 

sharp or cutting part of an instrument ; a 

sharp or keen person. 
Bla'debone, *. the upper bone of the shoulder. 
Blain, s. a pustule, an ulcer, ahile.a blister. 
Bla'mable, a. deserving blame ; faulty. 
Bla'mableness, s. culpability. 
Bla'mably, ad. culpably. 
Blame, s>. imputation of a fault ; censure. 
Blame, v. to censure, to reproach. 
Bla'meful, a. deserving blame ; culpable. 
Bla'meless, a. without blame ; guiltless, 

upright. 
Bla'meiessly, ad. innocently ; without fault, 
Bla'mclessness, j. a state undeserving blame. 
Bla'mer, s. one who finds fault. 
Bla'meworthy, a. culpable, blamable. 
Blanch, v. to whiten ; to whiten by peeling, 

as to blanch almonds ; to evade. 
Blanc-manger, [Fr.J s. a confected white 

jelly. 

Bland, a. soft, mild, gentle, kind. 
Blandil'oquence, s. flattering speech. 
Blan'dish, v. to smooth, to soften. 
Blan'disher, s. an insinuating flatterer, 
Blan'dishment, s. soft speeches, flattery. 
Blank, s. a void space ; a disappointment. 
Blank, a. white, without writing, empty. 
Blank-w?\v<?, s. verse without rhyme. 
Blan'ket, s. a woollen cover for a bed. 
Blan'keting, s. cloth made for blankets. 
Blasphe'rne, v. to speak blasphemy. 
Blasphe'mer, s. au impious wretch, who 

irreverently speaks of the Divine Being. 
Blasphe'ming, a\ the act of blasphemy. 
C 2 



BLA 28 



BLU 



Blas'phcrnous, a. very profane, very •wicked. 
Blas'phernously, ad. impiously, irreverently. 
Blas'phemy, s. impious language regarding 

the Divine Being. 
Blast, s. a gust or puff of wind ; the sound 

made by a musical wind instrument : v. to 

blight or wither ; to blow up. 
Blast'ing, s. a blast or sudden explosion. 
Blala.nt, a. bellowing as a beast ; noisy. 
Blaze, s. a flame, the light of a flame : v. to 

flame ; to publish, to blazon. 
Bla'zing, a. emitting flame or light. 
Bla'zon, Bla'zonry, s. the art of heraldry. 
Bla'zon, v. to explain figures on ensigns 

armorial ; to deck, to embellish ; to make 

public ; to celebrate. 
Bla'zoner, s. one who blazons. 
Bleacb, v. to whiten, to grow white. 
Ble'acher, s. one who bleaches cloth. 
Bie'aching, s. the art of whitening cloth, &c. 
Bleak, a. cold ; exposed ; dreary. 
Ble'akness.A'. coldness; exposure to the wind. 
Blear, a. watery, dim, obscure, weak. 
Ble'aredness, s. the eyes dimmed with rheum. 
Ble'ar-eyed, a. having sore eyes ; inflamed. 
Bleat, v. to cry like a sheep. 
Ble'ating, s. the cry of lambs or sheep. 
Bleed, v. to lose blood ; to let blood. 
Bleeding, s. a discharge of blood ; blood- 
letting. 
Blemish, s. a spot or stain : v. to defame. 
Blemlshless, a. without blemish or spot. 
Blench, v. to shrink or start back. 
Blend, a. to mix, to mingle, to confound. 
Blende, s. the ore of zinc. 
Bless, v. to wish or make happy. 
Bless'ed, p. and a. made happy ; holy. 
Bless 'edness, s. heavenly felicity. 
Bless'er, s. one who gives a blessing. 
Blessing, s. a good wish, divine favor. 
Blight, s. a disease incident to plants : v. to 

blast; to hinder from fertility ; to destroy. 
Blind, a. deprived of sight ; dark : v. to 

make blind ; to darken. 
Blind, s. any thing which is placed to inter- 
cept the sight ; a false pretence. 
Bli'ndfold, v. to hinder from seeing. 
Bli'ndfold, a. having the eyes covered. 
Bli'ndly, ad. without sight ; implicitly. 
Biindman's-buff', <?. a play in which ouoof the 

company, blindfolded, tries to catch the 

others. 
Bli'ndness, s. a want of sight ; ignorance. 
Bli'ndside, s. weak part ; foible. 
BJi'nd-worm, s. a small venomous viper. 
Blink, s. a wink or glance. 
Blink, v. to wink ; to see obscurely. 
Blin'kard, s. one who has weak eyes. 
Bliss, s. happiness of blessed souls; felicity. 
Bliss'ful, a. very happy, full of joy. 
Bliss'fully, ad. happily. 
Bliss'fulness, s. happiness, fulness of joy. 
Bliss'less, a. destitute of bliss. 
Blis'ter, s. a rising in the skin ; a plaster : 

v . to apply a blister ; to rise in blisters. 
Blithe, Bli'thesome, a. gay, merry, sprightly. 
Bli'theral, a. gay ; cheerful. 
Bli'thely, ad. in a blithe manner. 
Bli'theness, Bli'thesomencss, s. quality of 

being blithe. 
Bloat, v. to swell, to grow puffy. 



Bloat'edness, s. turgidness, swelling. 

Block, s. a large heavy piece of wood ; a 
piece of marble; a stupid fellow ; a pulley: 
v. tc shut up, to obstruct. 

Blocka'de, s. a siege carried on by surrounding 
a place to prevent any relief : v. to sur- 
round a place with troops by land, or with 
ships by sea. 

Block'head, s. a stupid person, a dunce. 

Block'headed, Blockish, a. stupid ; dull. 

Block'ishness, s. stupidity, dullness. 

Block'tin, s. pure or unmixed tin. 

Blood, s. the red fluid that circulates through 
the body ; kindred, lineage ; murder ; a 
man of hoc spirit ; a gay spark. 

Blood, v. to bleed by opening a vein. 

Blood-guilt'iness, s. murder. 

Blood'-hot, a. of the natural heat of blood. 

Blood'hound, s. a fierce species of hound. 

Blood'ily, ad. in a bloody manner ; cruelly. 

Bloodiness, s. the state of being bloody. 

Bloodless, a. without blond ; dead. 

Bloodletter, .y. a pblebotomist. 

Blood'pudding, s. a pudding, one of the in- 
gredients of which is blood. 

Blood'-red, a. red as blood. 

Blood'shed, s. the crime of murder, slaughter. 

Blood'shedder, s. a murderer. 

Blood'shedding, s. the shedding of blood. 

Blood'shot, a. filled with blood ; inflamed. 

Blood'stained, a. stained with blood. 

Blood'sucker, s. a leech ; a cruel man. 

Blood'sucking, a. that sucks or draws blood. 

Blood'vessel, s. a vein or artery. 

Blood'wann, a. lukewarm. 

Blood'y, a. stained with blood ; sanguinary. 

Blood'y-minded, a. cruel ; implacable. 

Bloom, *. the blossom or flower of a tree ; 
the state of any tbing ripening ; the prime 
of life ; a native flush on the cheek ; the 
blue that appears on grapes and plums 
newly gathered. 

Bloom, v. to produce blossoms. 

Blooming, Bloom'y, a. youthful ; flowery. 

Blos'som, s. the flowers of trees or plants. 

Blos'som, v. to put forth blossoms. 

Blos'soming, *. the flowering of plants. 

Blot, j. a blur, a spot : v. to disgrace, to stain 

Blotch, s. a pimple, a pustule on the skin. 

Blote, v. to dry by smoke. 

Blot'ting-paper, s . soft paper for taking up 
or absorbing ink. 

Blow, s. a stroke ; a sudden calamity ; the 
act of a fly, by which it lodges eggs in flesh. 

Blow, v. to make a current of wind ; to drive 
by the wind ; to pant or breathe hard ; to 
put forth flowers; to sound a musical wind 
instrument ; to swell. 

Blow'er, s. one who blows. 

Blow'-pipe, s. a tube used by various arti- 
ficers in metals, to direct the flame. 

Blowzo, s. a ruddy fat wench ; a slattern. 

Blow'zy, a. ruddy-faced, fat. 

Blub'ber, s. the fat of a whale, &c. : v. to 
swell the cheeks with weeping. 

Blud'geon, s. a weapon, a short thick stick. 

Blu'e, a. and »\ sky-coloured ; one of tho 
seven primary colours. 

Blu'e- bottle, s. a flower of the bell shape ; a 
large fly. 

Blu'e-eyed, a. having bluo eyes. 



BLU 



29 



BON 



Blu'el y, ad. with a blue colour. 

Blu'eness, s. the quality of being blue. 

Blue-pe'ter, s. the signal flag for sailing. 

Blu'e-veined, a. having blue veins or streaks. 

Bluff, *. a high and steep bank or headland. 

Bluff, a. blustering, fierce ; large. 

Bluff'ness, s. surliness ; bloatedness. 

Blu'ish, a. blue in a small degree. 

Blu'ishness, $. a small degree of blue colour. 

Blun'der, s. a mistake, a gross oversight : v. 
to mistake grossly ; to flounder. 

Blun'derbuss, s. a short wide gun, to dis- 
charge many bullets at a time. 

Blun'derer, s. one who commits blunders. 

Blun'derhead, s. a stupid fellow. 

Blun'dering, a. apt to blunder. 

Bhm'deringly, ad. in a blundering manner. 

Blunt, a. dull, rough, rude, impolite, abrupt : 
v. to dull the point or edge. 

Blunt'ly, ad. rudely, plainly, roughly. 

Blunt'ness, s. a want of edge ; rudeness. 

Blunt'witted, a. dull ; stupid. 

Blur, s. a spot, a stain : v. to blot. 

Blurt, v. to blab out, to speak heedlessly. 

Blush, v. to redden with shame or confusion : 
s. a rod colour suddenly suffused over the 
face ; sudden appearance or glance. 

Blush'ful, a. full of blushes ; apt to blush. 

Blush'less, a. impudent ; past blushing. 

Blush'y, a. like the colour caused by blushing. 

Blus'ter, v. to roar, to hector, to swagger. 

Blus'terer, s. a noisy person, a swaggerer. 

Blus'tering, s. tumult, noise : a. nozsy. 

Bo, int. an exclamation used to frighten 
children. 

Bo'a, s. a large species of serpent ; a long fur 
tippet, resembling a boa in shape. 

Boar, s. the male of swine. 

Board, s. a broad piece of wood ; a table ; a 
council ov commission assembled round a 
table ; the deck of a ship : v. to lay or 
cover with boards ; to enter a ship by 
force ; to live in a house at a certain rate 
for the boaTd or table. 

Board'er, s. one who pays to lodge and have 
his meals in another's family. 

Board'ing-sehool, s. a school where the 
scholars board with the teacher. 

Board-wa'ges, s. an allowance for victuals. 

Boast, s. a proud speech, a brag, a bounce. 

Boast, v. to brag, to glory in, to exult. 

Boast'er, s. a braggart, a puffer, a swaggerer. 

Boast'ful, a. proud, haughty, vain. 

Boast'iug, s. an expression of ostentation. 

Boast'ingly, ad. ostentatiously, vainly. 

Boast'less, a. without ostentation. 

Boat, s. a small vessel used on rivers, &c. 

Boat'-hook, *. a hook fixed to a long pole, 
and used to push or pull a boat. 

Boat'raan, s a manager of a boat. 

Boat'swain, s. an inferior officer who super- 
intends a ship's rigging, anchors, &c, and 
overlooks tho sailors in their sundry duties. 

Bob, s. any little pendant ornament that is 
round and hangs loosely. 

Bob, v. to dangle, to dodge, to cheat. 

Bob'bin, s. a little pin of wood with a 
notch, on which thread or lace is wound ; 
a round tape. 

Bob'binwork, s. work woven with bobbins. 
Bob-stays, s. the short ropes of thj bowsprit. 



Bob'tail, s. a short tail ; the rabble. 

Bob'taiied, a. having the tail cut short. 

Bob'- wig, *. a short wig. 

Bode, v. to foreshow, to portend. 

Bo'demont, s. an omen, a foreboding. 

Bod'ice, s. a sort of stays for women. 

Bod'ied, a. having a body. 

Bod'iless, a. without a body ; spiritual. 

Bod'ily, a. relating to the body, corporeal ; 

real, actual. 
Bo'ding, s. an omen ; a foreknowing. 
Bod'kin, s. a largo kind of needle to draw 

thread through a loop. 
Bod'y, s. matter as opposed to spirit ; a per- 
son ; a collective mass ; the bulk or main 

part ; a corporation. 
Bod'y-clothes, s. clothing for horses. 
Bod'y-guard, s. the king's personal guard. 
Bog, s. a marsh, a fen, a morass, a swamp : 

v. to whelm, as in mud or mire. 
Bog'gle, v. to start, to hesitate, to waver. 
Bog'gler, s. a doubter, a timorous man. 
Bog'gy, a. marshy ; swampy. 
Bog'-land, s. a boggy country. 
Bo'gle, Bog'gle, s. a bugbear ; a goblin. 
Bog'-trotter, s. one that lives among bogs ; 

a freebooter, a robber. 
Bohea', s. a species of coarse black tea. 
Boil, v. to heat to a boiling state ; to cook by 

boiling in water : s. a sore angry tumor 

terminating in a pustule. 
Boil'er, s. one that boils ; a vessel for boiling. 
Boil'ing, j. ebullition from heat. 
Bois'tcrous, a. noisy, tumultuous. 
Bois'terously, ad. violently ; very loudly. 
Bois'te;ousness, s. turbulence, violence. 
Bold, a. daring, impudent, licentious, brave. 
Bo'lden, v. to make bold or confident. 
Bo'id-faccd, a. impudent. 
Bo'ldly, ad. in a bold manner, bravely. 
Bo'ldncss, s. courage, impudence, confidence. 
Bole, s. a fine sort of clay, of which there are 

various kinds, as Armenian bole, French 

bole, &c. ; a corn measure of six bushels. 
Boll, s. a round stalk or stem ; a bowl. 
Boll, v. to rise in a stalk ; to swell out. 
Boi'ster, s. a large pillow ; a long cushion. 
Bol'ster, v. to support with a bolster or pad ; 

to hold or prop up. 
Bol'stering, s. a prop ; a support. 
Bolt, s. the bar of a door ; an arrow. 
Bolt, v. to fasten with a bolt ; to sift ; to 

spring out suddenly. 
Bol'ter, s. a sieve to separate meal from bran. 
Bol't-rope, s. a rope on the edges of sails. 
Bo'lus, s. a large pill ; a pill. 
Bomb, s. a hollow iron globe or shell con- 
taining combustibles, &c. to be discharged 

from a mortar. 
Bom'bard, j. a piece of short thick ordnance : 

a mortar of great dimensions. 
Bombard', v. to attack with bombs. 
Bombardier', s. a bomb engineer. 
Bombard'ment, s. an attack with bombs. 
Bombasin', s. a silken or mixed stuff. 
Bombast', s. big words ; an inflated style. 
Bombas'tic, a. high-sounding ; ranting. 
Bomb-ketch, Bomb-vessel, s. a vessel froo 

which bombs are fired. 
Bom'byx, s. the silk-worm. 
Bonas'us, s. a kind of buffalo or wild bull. 



EON 



SO 



BOD 



Bon-chretien, [Fr.] s. a species of pear. 
Bond, s. any thing that hinds ; a written ob- 
ligation : pi. captivity : a. in a servile 

state ; enslaved, captive : v. to give hond 

for, as for duties, &c. 
Bond'age, s. captivity, slavery, imprisonment. 
Bond'maid, s. a female slave. 
Bond'man, s. a male slave or serf. 
Bond'slave, s. a person in a state of slavery. 
Bonds'nian, s. one hound for another. 
Bone, s. a firm hard substance which forms 

the frame-work of the body : v. to take 

out bones from the llesh, as in cookery. 
Bc'neless, a. having no bones ; tender. 
Bo'ne-setter, s. one who professes the art of 

setting broken bones. 
Bo'ne-setting, s. the practice of setting bones. 
Bo'ne-spavin, s. a bony excrescence on the 

inside of the hock of a horse's leg. 
Bon'fire, s. a fire made for triumph. 
Bon-mot, [Fr.] s. a joke, a witty repartee. 
Bon'net, s. a covering for the head, a cap. 
Bon'nily, ad. prettily, gayly, handsomely. 
Bon'ny, a. handsome, beautiful, merry, gay. 
Bo'nurn Mag'num, s. a great sort of plum. 
Bo'nus, s. a benefit or advantage ; a premium 

in addition to interest for a loan. 
Bo'ny, a. full of bones ; strong, stout. 
Bonze, s. a priest of Japan and China. 
Boo'by, s. a dull stupid fellow ; a large bird. 
Book, s. a volume in which we read or write ; 

a literary work ; a division of a work : v. 

to enter or register in a book. 
Book'binder, s. one who binds books. 
Book'binding, s. the art of binding books. 
Book'case, s. a case for holding books. 
Book'ish, a. much given to books, studious. 
Book'kecper, s. one who keeps accounts. 
Book-keeping, s. the art of keeping accounts. 
Book'less, a. not given to books ; unlearned. 
Book'learned, a. versed in books. 
Book'lcarning, s. skill in literature. 
Book'making, s. art or practice of making 

books. 
Book'-oath, s. an oath made on the Bible. 
Book'sciler, s. a vender of books. 
Book'worm, s. a close student ; a mite that 

eats holes in books. 
Boom, s. a beam or long polo ; a strong bar 

laid across the mouth of a harbour. 
Boom, v. to make a booming noise like the 

bittern ; to make a rushing noise. 
Boon, s. an advantage ; a gift ; a favour : a. 

gay, merry, jovial. 
Boor, s. a clown, a lout, a rude man. 
Boor'ish, a. rustic, clownish, rude. 
Boor'ishly, ad. in a clownish manner. 
Boor'ishncss, s. elownishness ; rusticity. 
Boose, v. See Bouse. 
Boot, s. covering for the foot and leg ; part 

of a coach : v. to put on boots. 
Boot, s. something in addition ; advantage, 

profit : v. to profit or avail. 
Boot'ed, a. wearing boots. 
Boo'tes, s. a constellation in the northern 

hemisphere. 
Booth, s. a stall or shed erected in a fair. 
Boot'hosc, s. stockings to wear with boots. 
Boot'jack, s. a utensil for pulling off boot3. 
Boot'less, a. useless, unavailing, vain. 
Boot'lessly, ad. without use or profit. 



Boots, s. the servant at an inn who palls o.'I 
and cleans the boots of travellers. 

Boot' tree, s. pieces of wood, with a wedge or 
screw, for stretching boots. 

Boo'ty, s. plunder, pillage, spoil. 

Bopcep' s. looking out, crying bo ! and draw- 
ing back, as children in play. 

Bo'rax, s. a kind of salts. 

Bor'der, s. an edging ; a boundary. 

Border', v. to adorn with a border ; to ap- 
proach near to. 

Bcr'derer, s. an inhabitant near the borders. 

Bore, s. the hollow of a gun, &c. ; a trouble- 
some fellow ; an annoyance of any kind. 

Bore, v. to make a hole ; to annoy, to pester. 

Bore, s. a tide borne-over, or swelling above 
another tide ; a sudden influx of the tide. 

Bo'real, a. northern, tending to the north. 

Bo'reas, s. the north wind. 

Bo'rer, s. a gimblet ; one who bores. 

Bor'ough, s. a corporation town. 

Bor'ough-master, s. the mayor or bailiff of a 
borough. 

Bor'ough monger, s. one who traffics in 
boroughs. 

Bor'row, v. to ask a loan ; take on credit. 

Bor'rowcr, s. one who borrows from another. 

Boss, s. a stud, a knob. 

Bos'cage, [Fr.].?. a wood, a grove, woodlands. 

Bos'ky, a. bushy, woody. 

Bo'som, s. the breast ; the heart. 

Bo'som, v. to enclose in the bosom. 

Bos'sed, Bos'sy, a. prominent ; studded. 

Botan'ic, Botan'ical, a. relating to herbs. 

Botan'ically, ad. according to botanical laws. 

Bot'rnist, s. a person skilled in herbs. 

Bot'auize, v. to gather and arrange plants. 

Bot'any, s. knowledge of plants ; that part 
of natural history which relates to vegeta- 
bles. 

Botch, s. an ulcerous swelling ; a part in any 
work ill-finished : v. to patch clumsily ; 
to spoil. 

Botch'er, s. one who mends old clothes. 

Botch'y, a. marked with botches. 

Both, a. the two, of two : ad. as well. 

Both'er, v. to perplex, to confuse. 

Bots, s. small worms in the entrails of horses. 

Bot'tle, s. a vessel to contain liquids ; a 
quantity of hay or straw bundled up : v. 
to put into bottles. 

Bot'tle-conipanion, s. a drinking companion. 

Bot'tom, s. the lowest part of any thing : v. 
to found or build upon. 

Bot'tomed, a. having a bottom. 

Bot'tomlcss, a. without any bottom ; un£v- 
tliomable, or immeasurably deep. 

Bot'tomry, s. money borrowed on a ship. 

Boudoir, [Fr.] s. a small private apartment. 

Bough, s. an arm of a tree, a branch. 

Bougie', j. a surgical instrument. 

Bought, past tense of buy. 

Bou'illon, [Fr.] s. soup ; broth. 

Bounce, v. to leap, to spring ; to boast. 

Bounce, s. a sudden crack or noise ; a boast. 

Boun'cer, s. a boaster, a bully ; a lie. 

Boun'cing, a. stout, strong; large. 

Bound, *. a limit, an end : v. to limit ; to 
leap or spring ; to fly back : a. destined 
for, as a ship. 

Bound'ary, s. a limit or mark. 



BOU 



31 



Bound'-bailiff, s. a sheriff's officer. 

Boundless, a. unlimited, unconfined. 

Boundlessness, s. exemption I'rom limits. 

Boun'teous, Bounl.iful, a. liberal, generous. 

Boun'teously, Boun'tifully, ad. liberally. 

Boun'tifulness, s. generosity, liberality. 

Boun'ty, s. generosity, munificence. 

Bouque't, [Fr.] s. a nosegay. 

Bou/geon, v. to sprout, to bud, to shoot. 

Bourn, s. a bound, a limit ; a brook. 

Bouse, or Boose, v. to drink to excess. 

Bou'sy, or Boosy, a. muddled with liquor. 

Bout, s. a turn, a trial, an attempt. 

Bouta'de, [Fr.] s. a whim ; a start of fancy. 

Bou'tefeu, [Fr.] s. an incendiary ; a disturber. 

Bow, s. an inclination of the body ; an in- 
strument to shoot arrows ; a knot made 
with a riband : v. to bend, to stoop. 

Bow'els, s. pi. the intestinal parts ; tenderness. 

BoVer, s. an arbour in a garden ; an anchor. 

Bow'ery, a. shady, retired, cool. 

Bowl, *. the hollow of a cup or glass ; a 
vessel to make punch in ; a wooden ball. 

Bowl, v. to play at bowls ; to roll, trundle. 

Bowl'der, Boul'dcr, s. a large round stone. 

Bow'legged, a. having crooked legs. 

Bowler, s. one who bowls, or plays at bowls. 

Bow'line, s. the name of a ship's rope. 

Bowl'ing, s. the art of throwing bowls. 

Bowl'ing-green, s. a level green for bowlers. 

Bow'man, s. an archer ; shooter with bows. 

BoVshot, s. the distance an arrow can reach. 

Bow'sprit, s. the large beam or spar that 
projects from the bows of a vessel. 

Bow'string, s. the string used for a bow. 

Bow-window, s. a projecting window. 

Bow'yer, s . an archer ; a maker of bows. 

Box, s. a case made of wood ; a blow with 
the fist ; an enclosed seat. 

Box, v. to strike ; to pack in a box. 

Box'en, a. made of box ; resembling box. 

Box'er, s. one who fights with the fist. 

Boxing, s. a combat with the fists. 

Boy, s. a male child, a youth. 

Boyliood, s. the state of a boy ; youth. 

Boy'ish, a. childish ; simple ; like a boy. 

Boyishness, Boy'ism, s. childishness, play. 

Brace, s. a bandage ; tightness ; pair; a line. 

Brace, v. to bind, to tighten, to strain up. 

Bra'celet, s. an ornament for the wrists. 

Bra'cer, s. a bandage, any thing that tightens. 

Brachial, a. belonging to the arm. 

Brach'man, s. an Indian priest ; a Bramin. 

Brack'et, s. a small support made of wood. 

Brack'ish, a. saltish, like sea water. 

Brack'islmcss, .?. saltncss in a small degree. 

Brag, s a boast ; a game at cards. 

Brag, v. to boast, to swagger. 

Braggado'cia, s. a boaster, a swaggerer. 

Brag'gart, s. a vain boasting fellow. 

Brag'gart, a. boastful, vainly ostentatious. 

Brag'gingly, ad. boastingly. 

Braid, v. to weave together, to plait. 

Braid, s. a sort of lace ; a knot ; false hair. 

Brails, s. ropes used to draw up a ship's sails. 

Brain, *. the collection of vessels and organs 
within the skull ; sense, understanding : 
v . to dash out the brains. 

Brainless, a, silly, foolish, weak, thoughtless. 

Brain'pan, s. tho skull containing the brains. 

Brain'sick, a. diseased in the understanding. 



BEE 

Brake, s. a thicket of brambles ; an instru- 
ment for dressing flax ; a kneading-trough. 
Bra'ky, a. full of brakes, thorny, foul, thick. 
Bram'a, Brah'ma, s. the chief deity of the 

Indians'. 
Bram'ble, .s. a prickly or thorny bush. 
Bram'bled, a. overgrown with brambles. 
Bram'ble-net, s. a net to catch birds. 
Bram'in, Brah'min, *. an Indian priest. 
Bran, s. the husks of ground corn. 
Branch, s. a small bough, a shoot ; offspring. 
Branch, v. to spread in branches, to adorn. 
Branchless, a. without shoots or boughs. 
Branch'y, a full of branches ; spreading. 
Brand, v. to mark with a brand, to burn. 
Brand, s. a mark of infamy; a lighted stick, 
Brandlron, s. an iron to brand with. 
Bran'dish, v. to wave, to shake, to flourish. 
Bran'dy, s. a strong distilled liquor. 
Bran'gle, s. a quarrel, a squabble : v . to 

wrangle. 
Bra'sier, Bra'zier, s. one who works in brass. 
Brass, s. a yellow metal composed of copper 

and zinc ; impudence. 
Brass'-visaged, a. impudent, shameless. 
Brass'y, a. hard as brass; made of brass ; 

bold. 
Brat, s. a contemptuous name for a child. 
Brava'do, s. a boast, a brag, a threat. 
Brave, a. courageous, gallant, noble : s. a 

daring man ; a boast : v. to challenge, to 

defy. 
Bra'vely, ad. gallantly, nobly ; generously. 
Bra'very, *. courage, heroism ; showy dress. 
Bra'vo, [Ital.] s. one who murders for hire;. 
Bra'vo, [It.] int. an exclamation of applause. 
Biavu'ra, [Ital.] s. a song requiring great 

vocal ability. 
Brawl, s. a quarrel ; a dance. 
Brawl, v. to quarrel, to speak loudly. 
Brawl'er, s. a wrangler, a quarrelsome 

person. 
Brawling, s. the act of quarrelling. 
Brawn, s. the hard flesh of a boar. 
Brawnlness, s. hardness, robustness. 
Brawn'y, a. fleshy, strong, muscular. 
Bray, s. the noise of an ass ; harsh cry : v. to 

bruise in a mortar ; to bray like an ass. 
Braying, s. clamour, noise. 
Braze, v. to solder with brass. 
Bra'zen, a. made of brass ; bold : v. to face 

it out, to be impudent. 
Bra'zcnbrowcd, Bra'zenfaccd, a. shameless. 
Bra'zenface, s. a bold, impudent person. 
Bra'zenly, ad. in a bold, impudent manner. 
Bra'zenness, s. shamelessness ; boldness. 
Brazil', s. a heavy red wood, growing in 

Brazil, and used in dying red. 
Brazilian, a. pertaining to Brazil. 
Breach, s. a breaking, a gap ; a quarrel. 
Bread, s. food made of ground corn. 
Breadth, s. the measure from side to side. 
Brcadthless, a. without limit of breadth. 
Bread'-trce, s. a tree that grows in the islands 

of the Pacific Ocean, and produces a fruit 

which serves for bread. 
Break, v. to part or burst by violence ; to 

tame ; to become bankrupt ; to fall out. 
Break, s. an opening, a breach, a failure, 
Break'er, s. one who breaks any tbing : a 

transgressor ; a rock that breaks the waves. 



BKJU 



32 



±5KU 



Break'fast, J. the meal which breaks our 
fast ; the first meal : v. to take breakfast. 

Breaking, s. irruption ; dissolution. 

Breakmg-in', s. the training of a young horse. 

Break'-neck, s. and a. a steep and dangerous 
place ; endangering the neck. 

Break'water, s. any bar at the entrance of a 
harbour to break the force of the sea. 

Bream, s. the name of a fish. 

Breast, s. that part of the body which contains 
the heart and lungs ; bosom ; conscience. 

Breast'bone, s. the bone immediately below 
the collar-bone ; the sternum. 

Breast'knot, s. ribands worn on the breast. 

Breast'plate, s. armour for the breast. 

Breast'work, s. a parapet, or work thrown up 
for defence, breast-nigh. 

Breath, s. the air which we breathe ; life ; a 
pause. 

Bre'athable, a. that may be breathed. 

Bre'athe, v. to draw breath ; to live ; to 
pause ; to utter privately. 

Bre'athing, s. the act of inhaling and ex- 
haling air ; respite. 

Bre'athing-time, s. pause, relaxation. 

Breath'less, a. out of breath, hurried ; dead. 

Breath'lessness, s. the being out of breath. 

Breech, s. a part of a gun; the lower part of 
the body : v. to put into breeches. 

Breech'es, s. part of a man's apparel. 

Breed, v. to engender, to plot ; to bring up. 

Breed, s. a race or progeny ; offspring. 

Breed'er, s. one who rears animals. 

Breed'ing, s. education, manners; nurture. 

Breeze, s. a gentle gale. 

Bre'ezeless, a. ca:m, wanting a breeze. 

Bree'zy, a. fanned with gentle gales, cool. 

Breth'ren, s. the plural of Brother, generally 
used in sacred writings. 

Breve, s. a note in music. 

Brevet', s. originally, a brief or short warrant 
or commission without seal ; an appoint- 
ment in the army with rank above that for 
which pay is received. 

Brev'et, a. taking rank by brevet; as a brevet 
colonel is a colonel in rank with the pay of 
a lieutenant-colonel. 

Brev'iary, s. a compendium or abridgment ; 
a book containing the daily office read by 
the clergy of the Roman Catholic Church. 

Bre'viat, s. a short compendium, an extract. 

Brevier', s. a small kind of printing-letter. 

Brev'ity, Briefness, s. conciseness, shortness. 

Brew, v. to make liquors ; to contrive. 

Brew'er, s. one who brews. 

Brew'ery, s. a place appropriated to brewing. 

Brew'house, s. a place for brewing in. 

Brewing, s. the process of making iiquors ; 
quantity brewed at once. 

Bribe, s. a reward given to pervert judgment. 

Bribe, v. to gain by gifts ; to corrupt. 

Eri'ber, s. one who corrupts for pay. 

Bri'bery, s. the act or crime of bribing. 

Brick, s. a long-square piece of burnt clay ; 
a small loaf: v. to lay or pave with bricks. 

Brick'bat, s. a piece of brick. 

Brick'dust, *. dust made by pounding bricks. 

Brick'-carth, s. clay or earth for bricks. 

Brick'kiln, s. a place where bricks are burnt. 

Brick'layer, s. a brick mason. 

Bvick'maker, s. one who makes bricks. 



Bri'dal, s. the nuptial festival, a wedding. 
Bri'dal, a. and*, relating to marriage, nuptial. 
Bride, s. a newly-married woman. 
Bri'de-cake,*.a cake distributed at a wedding. 
Bri'degroom, s. a newly-married man. 
Bri'demaid, s, the woman who attends a 

bride at the marriage ceremony. 
Bri'dewell, s. a house of correction. 
Bridge, s. a building raised over water for 

convenience of passage ; upper part of the 

nose; supporter of violin strings: v. to 

raise or make a bridge. 
Bri'dle, s. the head reins of a horse, a check. 
Bri'dle, v. to put on a bridle ; to restrain ; 

to guide ; to hold up the head. 
Bri'dle-hand, s. the hand which holds the 

bridle ; the left hand. 
Brief, a. short, concise. 
Brief, s. a short statement of a case given to 

a pleader or lawyer. 
Briefness, a. conciseness, shortness. 
Briefly, ad. concisely, shortly, in few words. 
Bri'er, s. a prickly bush ; a species of rose-tree. 
Bri'ery, a. full of briers, prickly. 
Brig, s. a light vessel with two masts, an 

abbreviation of brigantine. 
Briga'de, s. a party or division of soldiers. 
Briga'de-major, s. commander of a brigade. 
Brigadie'r-general, s. an officer next iu rank 

to a major-general. 
Brig'and, s. a freebooter, a robber. 
Brig'antine, s. a small vessel, such as corsairs 

or pirates used. 
Bright, a. shining, clear ; illustrious. 
Bright'en, v. to polish ; to grow bright. 
Bright'ly, ad. splendidly, with lustre. 
Brightness, s. lustre ; acuteness, wit. 
BriT'liance, Brilliancy, s. lustre, splendour. 
Bril'liant, a. sparkling : s. a fine diamond. 
Brilliantly, ad. splendidly. 
Brim, s. the edge of any thing ; the upper 

edge of any vessel ; the brink of a foun- 
tain, river, or sea. 
Brim'ful, a. full to the brim. 
Brim'less, a. without an edge or brim. 
Brim'mer, s. a glass full to the brim. 
Brim'ming, a. full to the brim. 
Brim'stone, s. a yellow mineral ; sulphur. 
Brin'ded, or Brin'dled, a. streaked, spotted. 
Brine, s. dissolved salt ; the sea ; tears. 
Bri'ne-pit, s. a pit where salt is formed. 
Bri'ne-spring. s. a spring of salt-water. 
Bring, v. to fetch, conduct, prevail on. 
Bring'er, s. the person that brings. 
Bri'nish, Bri'ny, a. saltish, like brine. 
Brink, s. the edge of a place ; a precipice. 
Brisk, a. quick, lively, active. 
Biis'kct, s. the breast of an animal. 
Briskly, ad. actively, quickly, nimbly. 
Brisk'ness, s. liveliness, quickness, gaiety. 
Bris'tle, s. the hair on a swine's back. 
Bris'tle, v. to stand erect as bristles. 
Bris'tly, a. thick set with bristles. 
Britch'ing, 5. harness for the hinder part of 

a horse. 
Brits'ka, s. a kind of barouche. 
Brit'on, s. a native of Great Britain. 
Brit'tle, a. apt to break, weak, frail. 
Brit'tleness, s. aptness to break, tenderness. 
Broach, v. to tap a vessel ; to give out or 

utter. 



BRO 



33 



Broach'er, s. one who first opens or utters. 

Broad, a. wide, extended; coarse, obscene. 

Broad'-cast, s. a sowing with the hand at 
large, and not in straight lines. 

Broad'clcth, s. fine kind of woollen cloth. 

Broad'ly, ad. in a broad manner. 

Broad'ness, s. breadth ; coarseness. 

Broad'sido, s. the side of a ship ; a discharge 
of all the guns from one side at once. 

Broad'sword, s. a sword with a broad blade. 

Broad'wiso, ad. according to the breadth. 

Broca'de, s. a kind of fine dowered silk. 

Bro'cage, s. profit gained by promoting bar- 
gains ; dealing in old things ; hire. 

Broc'eoli, s. a species of cabbage. 

Brook, *■. a badger. 

Brogue. s. a kind of shoe ; corrupt dialect. 

Broi'der, v. to adorn with needle-work. 

Broi'derer, s. an embroiderer. 

Broi'dery, s. embroidery, ornamental needle- 
work. 

Broil, s. a disturbance, tumult, quarrel. 

Broil, v. to roast on the fire ; to be hot. 

Brokenheart'ed, a. having the spirits subdued 
by grief or fear ; disconsolate. 

Bro'kenness, s. the state of being broken. 

Brokenwind'ed, a. having short breath. 

Bro'ker, a-, one who does business for others. 

Bro'kerage, s. the pay or reward of a broker. 

Bron'chiae, jr. the ramifications of the wind- 
pipe. 

Bron'chial, a. belonging to the throat. 

Bron'chus, [Lat.] the windpipe, the throat. 

Bronze, s. a metal compounded of copper 
and brass, or copper and tin. 

Bronze, v. to imitate bronze by means of 
gold dust laid on green paint. 

Bronz'ing, s. the art of imitating bronze. 

Brooch, s. a jewel, an ornament of jewels. 

Brooch, v. to adorn with jewels. 

Brood, s. offspring ; progeny ; the number of 
chickens hatched at once. 

Brood, v. to sit on eggs ; to watch anxiously. 

Brook, s. a rivulet or small river. 

Brook, v. to endure, to tolerate. 

Brook'mint, s. the water-mint. 

Brook'y, a. abounding with brooks. 

Broom, s. a shrub ; a besom to sweep with. 

Broom'stick, J. the handle of a besom. 

Broo'my, a. full of or like broom. 

Broth, s. liquor in which flesh is boiled. 

Broth'el, s. a house of lewdness. 

Broth'or, s. a male born of the same parents. 

Broth'erhood, s. union, society, class. 

Broth'erless, a. without a brother. 

Broth'erlike, a. becoming a brother. 

Broth/crly, a. like brothers, very fond. 

Brow, s. the forehead ; edge of a place. 

Brow'beat, p. to bear down, to humble, to 
depress with angry words. 

Browbeating, s. the act of depressing an- 
other by strrn looks or language. 

Brown, s. the aame of a color. 

Brow'nie, *. a harmless spirit supposed to 
haunt old houses in Scotland. 

Brown'ish, a. inclining to brown, reddish. 

Brown'ness, s. a brown color. 

Brownstud'y, *. dull thoughtfulness. 

Brawsc, v. to feed on sprouts or tender 
branches of trees. 

Bruise, v. to hurt with blows: to crush. 



BUG 

Bruise, s. a hurt from a heavy blow. 
Bru'iser, s. a too) for grinding the specula of 

telescopes ; in cant language, a boxer. 
Bru'ising, s. a crushing; a beating. 
Bruit, s. a report, a noiso : v. to noise about. 
Bru'mal, a. cold, belonging to winter. 
Brunet'te, s. a brown-complexioned woman. 
Brunt, S. a shock, an onset, violence. 
Brush, s. an instrument for sweeping ; a 

pencil used by painters; the tail of a fox. 
Brush, v. to sweep with a brush ; to skim 

lightly ; to move hastily past. 
Brushing, s. a rubbing or sweeping. 
Brush'wood, s. rough shrubby thickets. 
Brush'y, a. rough or shaggy, like a brush. 
Brusque, [Fr.] a. in an abrupt or rude 

manner. 
Bru'tal, a. savage, cruel, inhuman, churlish. 
Brutal'ity, s. savageness, inhumanity. 
Bru'talize, v. to make savage or brutal. 
Bru'tally, ad. in a brutal manner. 
Brute, s. an irrational animal. 
Brute, a. senseless, savage, fierce, wild. 
Bru'tify, v. to render the mind brutal. 
Bru'tish, a. resembling a beast, savage. 
Bru'tishness, s. brutality ; insensibility. 
Bub'ble, s. a small bladder of water ; any 

thing empty and transitory ; a delusive 

scheme. 
Bub'ble, v. to rise in bubbles; to run with a 

gentle noise. 
Bu'bo, 8. a tumor of the groin. 
Bucaneer', Bucanier', s. a name given to the 

pirates who formerly infested the West 

Indies and Spanish America. 
Buck, s. the male of deer, &c. 
Buck, s. a dashing fellow, a blood. 
Buck, v. to soak or steep in lye or suds. 
Buck'basket, s. the basket in which clothes 

are carried to the wash. 
Buck'et, j. a vessel to draw up water in. 
Buck'ing-stool, *. a washing-block. 
Bin/kle, s. a fastening for a strap, &c. : v. to 

fasten with a buckle ; to sot to or com- 
mence determinately. 
Buck'ler, *. a kind of shield. 
Buck'ram, s. cloth stiffened with gum. 
Buek'skin, s. leather made of bucks' sk'.n. 
Bucol'ie, a. pastoral. 

Bucolics, s.pl. pastoral songs, rural dialogues. 
Bud, s. the first fruit of a plant, a germ. 
Bud, v. to put forth buds ; inoculate; graft. 
Bud'dha, s. a Hindoo deity. 
Bud'dhism, s. the doctrine of the Buddhists. 
Bud'dhist, *. a worshipper of Buddha. 
Budge, v. to stir or move from a place. 
Bud'get, *. a bag, a pouch ; the bag th:. t 

contains prepared documents to lay before 

Parliament on financial matters. 
Buff, s. leather made of a buffilo's skin ; 

color resembling yellow ; a military coat. 
Buff, Buffet, v. to 'box. to beat, to strike. 
Buffalo, s. a kind of wild bull. 
Buffet', *. a kind of cupboard to hold china. 
Buffet, Buffeting, s. a succession of blows. 
Buffo, [Ital.] s. the conv/c actor in an opei-a. 
Buffoon', *. an arch fellow, a low jester. 
Butfoon'ery, s. low jests, mimicry. 
Buffoon'ish, a. like a buffoon. 
Bug, s. an odious insect bred in beds. 
Bug'bear. s. a frightful object ; a false terror . 
C 3 



BUG 



34 



BUS 



Bug'gy, a. abounding with, bugs ; a one-horse 

chaise. 
Bu'gle, s. a small bead of glass. 
Bu'gle-horn, s. a hunting horn. 
Build, v. to raise a building ; to raise on a 

support or foundation ; to depend on. 
Build'er, s. one who builds houses. 
Builu'ing, s. an edifice or fabric built. 
Bulb, s. a round root, such as tulips, &c. 
Bulba'eeous, a. consisting of bulbs. 
Buib'ed, a. round-headed. 
Bulbif'erous, a. producing bulbs. 
Bul'bous, a. having round heads, large. 
Bulge, j. the broadest part of a cask ; a 

protuberance : v. to swell out, to be pro- 
• tuberant. 
Bulk, s. magnitude, size ; the main part. 
Bulk'head, s. a partition across a ship. 
Bulk'iness, s. greatness of size. 
Bulk'y, a. large, heavy, of great size. 
Bull, *. the male of cattle ; a sign of the 

zodiac ; an edict of the Pope ; a blunder. 
Bull'baiting, s. a fight of dogs with a bull. 
Bull'calf, s. a male-calf ; a stupid fellow. 
Bull'dog, s. a species of British dog. 
Bull'et, s. a round ball of lead or iron. 
BuH'etin, [Fr.] s. an official account of news. 
Bulifmch, s. a finch with bull-like nsck. 
Bull'frog, s. a large species of frog. 
Bul.l'trout, *. a large species of trout. 
Bull'ion, s. gold or silver in the mass. 
Bull'ock, s. a young bull or steer ; an ox. 
Bull's-eye, s. the star in the head of the con- 
stellation Taurus ; the centre of a target. 
Bull y, s. a blustering quarrelsome fellow : 

v. to bluster; to overbear with menaces. 
Bol'rusk, s. a largo rush growing by rivers. 
Bul'wark, s. a fortification, a defence. 
Bumbail'iff, (properly bound bailiff,) s. a 

sheriff's officer. 
Bum'ble-bec, s. the wild bee, or bumblebee. 
Burn/boat, s. a small boat in which articles 

are carried on shipboard for sale. 
Bump, s. a swelling, a blow, a thump. 
Bump, v. to strike against ;. to thump. 
Bum'per, s. a glass full of liquor to the brim. 
Bump'kin, s. a clown, a lout, a rustic. 
Bunch, s. a cluster, knot, hard lump : v. to 

swell out in a bunch. 
Bunck'y, a. growing in or full of bunches. 
Bun'dle, s. a parcel of things bound together. 
Bun'dio, v. to bind or tie up together. 
Bung, s. a stopper for a barrel : v. to stop 

with a bung. 
Bung'holo, s. the hole at which the barrel is 

filled. 
Bungle, v. to perform any thing clumsily : 

s. clumsy performance ; a botch. 
Bun'gler, s. a clumsy, awkward workman. 
Bundling, a. clumsy, awkwardly done. 
Bmig'linglv, ad. clumsily, awkwardly. 
Bun, s. a small kind of light cake. 
Bunt, v. to protrude, to swell out : s. the 

middle part or cavity of a sail. 
Bun'ting, * . the stuff of which a ship's colours 

or hags are made ; a bird so called. 
Buut'lines, .«. ropes for drawing up sails. 
Buoy, s. a Heating object to indicate shoals, 

rocks, or the place of a ship's anchor : v. 

to keep aiioat, to bear up. 
Buc/ancy, s. tbe quality of floating. 



Buoy'ant, a. floating ; light. 

Bur, s. the prickly head of the burdock. 

Bur'den, Bur'then, s. a load ; uneasiness. 

Bur'den, v . to load, incumber, oppress. 

Burdensome, a. heavy, grievous. 

Bur'dock, s. a broad-leaved, prickly plant. 

Bureau', s. a set of drawers with a desk ; an 
ambassador's or secretary's office. 

Burgage, *. a tenure proper to cities and 
towns conferring the privileges of a bur- 
gess ; a dwelling-house in a borough. 

Bur'geois, [Fr.]s. a citizen ; a printing-type. 

Bui-'gess, s. a citizen, a representative. 

Burgh, s. a borough town, a corporation. 

Bur'gher, s. a freeman ; one who has a right 
to vote, and possesses other privileges. 

Burgh'mote, s. a borough court. 

Burg'lar, s. a thief that enters a house by 
night. 

Burgla'rious, a. relating to housebreaking. 

Burgla'riously,ac?. with burglarious intention. 

Burglary, s. the crime of entering a house 
by night to rob it. 

Burgomaster, s. a principal citizen in Hol- 
land ; a Dutch magistrate. 

Burgou't, {goo) s. thick gruel made at sea. 

Bur'gundy, *. a wine from Burgundy in 
France. 

Bur'ial, s. the act of interring the dead. 

Bur'ial-place, s. a church-yard, a burying- 
ground. 

Bu'rine, s. a tool for engraving, a graver. 

Burlcs'que, s. a ludicrous representation : a. 
ludicrous, droll, jocular : v. to turn to 
ridicule. 

Burlct'ta, J. a ludicrous musical farce. 

Bur'ly, a. blustering, big, bulky. 

Burn, v. to consume by fire ; to be inflamed. 

Burn, s. a hurt caused by fire. 

Burn'er, s. a person that burns any thing. 

Burn'ing, s. state of infiammatiou, combus- 
tion. 

Burning, a. vehement ; powerful. 

Burn'ing-glass, s. a glass which collects tho 
rays of the sun, and increases their heat. 

Bur'nish, s. a gloss ; a polish. 

BuVnish, v. to polish, to make bright. 

Bur'nisher, s. an instrument used for bur- 
nishing ; a person that burnishes. 

Burr, .?. the lobe or tip of the ear. 

Bu/row, v. to make holes, to mine. 

Bur'row, s. a place where rabbits burrow. 

Bur'sar. s. the treasurer of a college. 

Bur'sar'-.hip, s. the office of bursar. 

Bur'sary, s. the treasury of a college. 

Burse, s. an exchange where merchants meet. 

Burst, V. to break asunder, to fly open. 

Burst, s. a sudden disruption, a rupture. 

Bur'then, s. See Burden. 

Bu/y, v. to put into a grave ; to hide. 

Bur'ying, s. burial ; a funeral. 

Bush, j. a thick shrub, a bough. 

Bush, v. to grow thick ; to sprout out. 

Bush'el, s. a dry measure containing four 
pecks. 

Bush'iness, s. the quality of being bushy. 

Bush'y, a. thick, full of small branches, &C. 

Bus'ily, ad. with hurry ; very actively. 

Bus'iness, s. an employment, trade, affair- 

Busk, s. a piece of whalebone, or steel, •wvix 
by women to strengthen their stays. 



BUS 



35 



CAI 



Bns'kin, *. a kind of half-boot ; a high shoe 

■worn by the ancient actors in tragedy. 
Bos'kined, a. dressed in buskins. 
Busk'y, a. -woody, shaded with woods. 
Buss, *. a small fishing-boat ; a kiss. 
Buss, v. to kiss, to salute with the lips. 
Bust, s. a statue of the head and shoulders. 
Bus'tard, s. a large bird of the turkey kind. 
Bustle, v. to move about busily ; to make a 

great stir : s. a hurry, a great stir ; part of 

a lady's dress. 
Bus'tler, s. an active person, a busybody. 
Bus'y, a. actively employed ; officious. 
Bu/ybody, *. a meddling officious person. 
But, s. a boundary, limit, end of a thing : 

v. to abut or touch at the one end. 
But, conj. yet, nevertheless, however : prep. 

without ; except : ad. no more than. 
Butch'er, s. one who kills animals to sell. 
Butch'or, v. to kill, to slay, to murder. 
Butch'erly, a. cruel, barbarous, brutal. 
Butch'ery, *. murder ; a slaughter-house. 
But'-end, s. the end upon which any thing 

rests ; the large end. 
But'ler, s. a servant who is entrusted with a 

gentleman's liquors, &c. 
But'ment, s. the support of an arch. 
Butt, s. a mark to be aimed at ; an object of 

ridicule ; a cask containing 126 gallons. 
Butt, v. to strike with the head. 
But'ter, s. food made from the cream of 

milk : v. to moisten with butter. 
But'tercup, ,y. the name of a field flower, 
But'terflower, s. a bright yellow May flower. 
But'torfly, 5. a beautiful winged insect. 
But'termilk, s. the whey of churned cream. 
But'terprint, s. apiece of carved wood, used 

to mark butter. 
But'tery, s. a place where provisions are kept : 

a. having the appearance of butter. 
But'tock, s. the thickest part of the thigh. 
But'ton, s. a knob or ball used for the fasten- 
ing of clothes ; bud of a plant. 
But'tonbolo, s. a hole to fasten a button in. 
But'tress, J. a prop or support : v. to prop. 
Bux'om, a. lively, brisk, gay, jolly. 
Bus/omly, ad. wantonly, amorously. 
Bux'omness, s. wantonness, amorousness. 
Buy, v. to pay a price for, to treat for. 
Buy'er, *. one wlio buys, a purchaser. 
Buzz, s. a whisper, a hum, low talk. 
Buzz, v. to hum like bees; to spread secretly. 
Buz'zard, s. a hawk ; dunce, blockhead : a. 

senseless, stupid. 
Buz'zer, s. a secret whisperer. 
Buz'zing. s. a humming noise, low talk. 
By, ad. near ; beside ; passing; in presence. 
By, pr. denoting the agent, way, means. 
By-and-by", ad. in a short time, presently. 
By-the-bvo', ad. by the way, in passing. 
Byo, s. a dwelling ; a habitation. 
By'-end, s. secret purpose or advantage. 
By'-gone, a. past, gone by. 
By'-lane, s. a private or retired lane. 
ByMaw, s. private rules in a society. 
By'-namo, s. nick-name. 
BZ-path, j. a private or obscure path. 
Byro, s. a cow-bouso. 
By'-road, s. an obscure or private road. 
By'-staiiihr, s. a looker on, an observer. 
By'-stioct, s. a private or obscure street. 



By'-view, s. a self-interested purpose. 
By'-walk, s. a secluded or private walk 
By'way, s. a private and obscure way. 
By'-word, s. a cant word, a taunt. 



C, is an abbreviation for Centum, 100. 

Cab, s. an abbreviation of Cabriolet. 

Cabal', s. an intrigue ; a private junto. 

Cabal', v. to intrigue privately, to plot. 

Cab'ala, s. the secret science of the Jewish 
rabbins ; the Hebrew traditions. 

Cab'alist, s. one skilled in Jewish traditions. 

Cabalist'ic, Cabalist'ical, a. mysterious, 
secret. 

Cabal ist'ically, ad. in a cabalistic manner. 

Cabal'ler, s. an intriguer, a plotter. 

Cab'aret, [Fr.] J. a public-house or tavern. 

Cab'bage, s. a well-known vegetable. 

Cab'bage, v. to steal in cutting clothes. 

Cab'bago-tree, s. a species of palm-tree. 

Cab'in, s. an apartment in a ship ; a cottage. 

Cab'in, v. to live or confine in a cabin. 

Cab'in-boy, s. the boy who waits in the cabin 
on board a ship. 

Cab'inot, s. a small room ; a room in which 
state consultations are held ; the collective 
body of the ministers of state ; a set of 
drawers for curiosities. 

Cab'inet-council, s. a consultation of the 
cabinet ministers. 

Cab'inet -maker, s. one that makes fine wood- 
work. 

Ca'ble, s. a rope to hold a ship at anchor. 

Caboo'se, s. the cook-room of a ship. 

Cabriolet', [Fr.] j. an open one-horse car- 
riage. 

Cach'alot, s. a fish, the spermaceti whale. 

Ca'chet, [Fr.] s. a sealed or private letter. 

Cachinna'tion, s. loud laughter. 

Cacique, .?. See Cazique. 

Cac'kle, s. the voice of a goose or hen ; idle 
talk ; prattle : v. to make an idle noise. 

Ca'coa, Co'coa, s. the chocolate-nut. 

Cacode'mon, s. an evil spirit, a demon. 

Cacoe'thes, s. a bad or inveterate custom. 

Cadav'erous, a. appearing like a dead body. 

Cad'dy, s. a small box for keeping tea in. 

Cade, s. a cask or barrel. 

Ca'dence, s. a fall of the Toice, a sound. 

Ca'dont, a. falling down easily. 

Caden'za, [Ital.] s. the fall or modulation of 
the voice in singing. 

Cadet', *. the youngest son ; a volunteer in 
the army, who serves in expectation of a 
commission ; a student in the art of war. 

Cad'gor, s. a huckster ; a beggar. 

Ca'di, s. a chief magistrate among the Turks. 

Cadn'ceus, s. the wand of Mercury. 

Cadu'cous, a. falling off before the time; a 
botanical term. 

Cajsu'ra, s. a figure in poetry, by wbioh a 
short syllable after a complete foot is made 
long. 

Cas'ural, a. relating to the poetical figure, or 
to the pause of the voice. 

Caf 'tau, *. a Persian or Turkish garment. 

Cag, s. a small barrel, a small cask. 

Cage, *. a place of confinement. 

Cage, v. to enclose in a cage. 

Caique, [Fr.] s. a skiff belonging to a galley. 



CAI 



36 



CAM 



Cairn, *. a heap of stones ; a rude tomb. 

Cai'inan. See Cayman. 

Caisson', [Fr.] s. a chest of bombs or powder; 
a large wooden case or frame. 

Cai'tiff, s. a base fellow ; a wretch : a. base, 
servile. 

Caj'eput, s. an aromatic oil extracted from 
an Indian tree. 

Cajo'le, v. to flatter ; to beguile by flattery. 

Ca'joler, s. a flatterer, a deceiver. 

Cajo'lery, s. flattery ; deceit. 

Cake, s. sweet bread : v. to form into a cake, 
to harden. 

Cal'abash, s. a species of large gourd ; a 
vessel made from the shell of a calabash. 

Calaman'co, s. a kind of woollen stuff. 

Cal'amine, *. an ore of zinc. 

Calam'itous, a. full of misery, wretched. 

Calam'ity, s. affliction, distress, misery. 

Cal'amus, s. a sort of reed ; a pen made of 
reed ; a kind of sweet-scented cane. 

Calash', s. a kind of open carriage with a 
covering to let down at pleasure ; a sort of 
hood or covering for the head. 

Calca'reous, a. of the nature of calx or lime. 

Caleaval'la, s. a Portuguese sweet wine. 

Cal'cedony, s. See Chalcedony. 

Calcif'erous, a. producing calx or lime. 

Cal'cinable, a. that may be calcined. 

Calcina'tion, s. the act of pulverizing by fire. 

Calci'ne, v. to reduce to a calx by heat. 

Cal'citrate, v. to kick ; to spurn. 

Cal'cium, s. the metallic basis of lime. 

Calculable, a. that which may be estimated. 

Cal'culate, v. to compute, to reckon. 

Calculation, *. a computation, a reckoning. 

Cal'culative, a. belonging to calculation. 

Calculator, s. a computer, a reckoner. 

Calculous, a. stony, gravelly, hard, gritty. 

Cal'culus, s. the stone or gravel. 

Cal'dron, s. a boiler, a very large kettle. 

Calodo'nian, *. a native of Scotland. 

Caiefac'tion, s. the act of heating. 

Cal'efy, v. to make hot, to be heated. 

Cal'en'dar, s. an almanac, a yearly register : 
v. to enter or write in a calendar. 

Cal'ender, s. a hot-press for smoothing linen : 
v. to glaze or smooth linen by hot pressing. 

Cal'ends, s. the first day of every month. 

Cal'enture, s. a sun-fever, in which it is com- 
mon to imagine the sea to be green fields. 

Calf, s. the young of a cow; the fleshy or 
thick part of the leg ; a stupid fellow. 

Calf-skin, s. the hide or skin of a calf. 

Cal'iber, s. the bore of a gunbarrel. 

Cal'ibre, [Fr.] s. the compass or capacity of 
the mind. 

Cal'ico, s. a stuff made of cotton, originally 
from Calicut in India. 

Cal'id, a. very hot, burning, scorching. 

Calid'ity, s. intense heat. 

Caliga'tion, s. darkness, obscurity. 

Cali'ginous, a. dark, dim, dusky. 

CaJigraph'ic, a. relating to beautiful writing. 

Calig'raphy, s. beautiful writing. 

Calipash', Calipee', *. terms of cookery in 
dressing turtle. 

Ca'Jiph, s. the title of the successors of Ma- 
homet among the Saracens. 

Calisthen'ic, a. relating to gymnastic exer- 
cises. 



Cal'iver, s. a hand-gun, an arquebuse. 

Ca'lix, s. a cup, a flower-cup. 

Calk, v. to fill up the seams of a ship. 

Calk'er, *. one who stops a ship's seams. 

Call, v. to name, to invite, to summons ; to 
make a short visit. 

Call, s. a demand, address, summons. 

Callid'ity, s. craftiness, cunning. 

Call'ing, s. employment, trade, vocation. 

Callos'ity, s. a hard swelling without pain. 

Cal'lous, a. hardened, brawny, insensible. 

Cal'lously, ad. in an unfeeling manner. 

Cal'lousness, s. hardness ; insensibility. 

Cal'low, a. destitute of feathers ; bare. 

Cal'lus, s. an induration of the fibres, any 
cutaneous hardness. 

Calm, s. repose, quiet, rest, peace, serenity : 
a. unruffled, undisturbed, easy : v. to 
make quiet, to compose. 

Calm'ly, ad. quietly, coolly, without passion. 

Calm'ness, s. stillness, tranquillity; freedom 
from passion ; serenity, mildness. 

Cal'omel, s. a preparation of mercury. 

Calor'ic, s. the principle or cause of heat. 

Calorific, a. heating, causing heat. 

Calo'tte, [Fr.] s. a cap or coif. 

Caloy'er, s. a monk of the Greek church. 

Calp, s. a subspecies of carbonate of lime. 

Cal'trop, s. an instrument of war with three 
spikes, thrown on the ground to annoy the 
enemies' horse ; a kind of thistle. 

Cal'umet, s. an Indian pipe, a symbol of peace. 

Calum'niate, v. to accuse falsely, to revile. 

Calumniation, s. a malicious representation. 

Calum'niator, s. a false accuser, a slanderer. 

Calum'niatory, Caluui'nious, a. slanderous. 

Cal'umny, s. slander, aspersion, false charge. 

Calve, v. to bear or bring forth a calf. 

Cal'vinism, s. the tenets of Calvin. 

Cal'vinist, s. a follower of Calvin. 

Calvinis'tic, Calvinis'tical, a. relating to 
Calvinism. 

Calx, s. a powder made by fire, lime, &c. 

Ca'lyx, s. the outer covering of a flower. 

Cam'eo, s. a particular sort of onyx on which 
figures are engraved ; a kind of painting 
used in representing basso relievos. 

Ca'mbrio, s. a kind of fine linen. 

Cam'el, s. a large animal common in Arabia, 

Cam'elopard, *. an animal somewhat resem- 
bling a camel, but spotted like a panther. 

Cam'era-obscu'ra, s. an optical machine used 
in darkened chambers, through which the 
rays of light passing, reflect outward ob- 
jects inverted. 

Cam'is, s. a thin transparent dress. 

Camisa'do, s. an attack made by soldiers in 
the dark ; on which occasion they put tbeii 
shirts outward, to be known by each other. 

Cam'let, *. a stuff made of wool and silk. 

Cam'omile, *. a medicinal plant. 

Cam'ous, Camoys', a. flat-nosed, depressed. 

Camp, s. the order of tents for soldiers. 

Campaign', s. a large open country ; the time 
an army keeps the field in one year. 

Campaign', v. to serve in a campaign. 

Campaign'er, s. an old experienced soldier. 

Campanology, s. the art of ringing bells. 

Campan'ula, s. the bell-flower. 

Campes'trian, a. relating to tho fields. 

Campes'tral, a. growing in the fields, wild. 



CAM 



37 



Cam'phire, Cam'phor, s. a white gum. 
Cam'phorated, a. impregnated with camphor. 
Camphoric, a. partaking of camphor. 
Cam'phor-tree, s. the tree from which cam- 
phor is obtained. 
Can, v. to be able to : s. a vessel, a cup. 
Canaille, [Fr.] s. the rabble ; the swinish 

multitude. 
Can'akin, s. a small can or cup. 
Canal', s. a basin or course of water, a duct. 
Gan'al-coal, s. See Cannel-coal. 
Cana'ry, s. a wine brought from the Canary 

isles ; a singing bird originally from the 

Canary isles ; an old dance. 
Can'cel, v. to blot out, destroy, make void. 
Can'celated,a. cross-barred ; crossed bylines. 
Canccla'tion, s. an obliteration. 
Can'cer, s. a crab-fish ; one of the twelve 

signs of the zodiac ; a virulent sore. 
Can'cerate, v. to grow cancerous. 
Can'eerous, a. inclining to, or like cancer. 
Candela'brum, s. a branched candlestick. 
Can'dent, a. hot, burning, fiery, shining. 
Can'did, a. fair, open, frank, honest. 
Can'didatc, s. one who sues for a place. 
Can'didly, ad. uprightly, fairly, openly. 
Can'didness, s. ingenuousness. 
Can'died, p. and a. preserved and encrusted 

with sugar. 
Can'dle, s. a light made of tallow, wax, &c. 
Can'dlclight, s. the light of a candle. 
Can'dlcmas, s. the feast of the Purification. 
Can'dlestick, s. an instrument to hold candles. 
Can'dor, Can'dour, s. frankness, integrity. 
Can'dy, v. to conserve with sugar, to congeal. 
Cane, s. a walking-stick ; a reed from which 

sugar is extracted : v. to beat with a cane. 
Canic'ula, s. Sirius, or the dog-star. 
Canic'ular, a. belonging to the dog-star; hot, 

as in the dog-days. 
Cani'ne, a. having the properties of a dog. 
Ca'ning, s. a beating with a cane or stick. 
Can'ister s. a box to hold tea ; a small basket. 
Can'ker, s. a worm; disease; a corroding 

ulcer : v. to grow corrupt, corrode, infect. 
Can'kered, a. crabbed ; uncivil. 
Can'kcrous, a. corroding like a canker. 
Can'kerworm, s. a worm that destroys fruit. 
Can'nabine, a. hempen ; pertaining to hemp. 
Can'nel-coal , s. a coal that burns with a 

bright white flame like a candle. 
Can'nibal, 5. a man-eater. 
Can'nibalism, s. the habits of a cannibal. 
Can'non, s. a great gun for cannonading. 
Cannona'de, v. to batter with cannon : s. an 

attaek with heavy artillery. 
Can'non-ball, Can'non-shot,s. the balls which 

are shot from great guns. 
Cannonier', s. one who manages cannon. 
Can'non-proof, s. proof against cannon. 
Can'not, v. to be unable. 
Canoe', s. an Indian boat rowed by a paddle. 
Can 'on, s. a rule, a law; the book of holy 

scripture ; a dignitary in cathedrals. 
Canonical, a. ecclesiastical, regular. 
Canon'ically, ad. agreeably to the canons. 
Canon'icals, s. canonical dress of the clergy. 
Can'onist, s. a doctor of canon law. 
Canouiza'tion, s. the act of making a saint. 
Can'oni/.e, v. to enrol as a saint. 
Can'opied, a. covered with a canopy. 



CAP 

Can'opy, s. a cloth of state spread over the 
head ; the sky: v. to cover with a canopy. 

Cano'rous, a. musical, tuneful, loud. 

Cant, s. a whining, hypocritical manner of 
speaking ; the repetition of phrases like the 
burden of a song ; an auction ; a throw or 
jerk : v. to talk in the jargon of thieves 
and blackguards ; to throw or toss ; to sell 
by auction. 

Canta'ta, s. an air ; a grave piece of music. 

Canta'tion, *- the act of singing. 

Can'teen, s. a vessel of tin in the form of a 
square bottle ; a suttling-house. 

Can'ter, s. one that cants, a hypocrite ; a 
short gallop : v. to gallop easily or gently. 

Canterbury -bell, J. a flower; the campanula. 

CantharTdeS, s.pl. Spanish flies for blisters. 

Can'thus, [Lat.] s. the corner of the eye. 

Can'ticle, s. a song of Solomon ; a pious song. 

Can'tilate, v. to chant ; to recite musically. 

Cantila'tion, s. recitation with musical ca- 
dence. 

Cant'ing, p. and a. whining ; affectedly pious. 

Can'to, s. a section or division of a poem. 

Can'ton, s. a division of a country. 

Can'ton, v. to divide land into districts. 

Canton'ment, s. the situation which soldiers 
occupy when quartered in different parts of 
a town, or when dispersed in villages. 

Can'ty, a. cheerful ; talkative. 

Can'vas, s. a coarse stiff cloth. 

Can'vass, s. solicitation ; discussion. 

Can'vass, v. to sift, to examine, to debate, to 
solicit votes, to sue for honors. 

Can'vasser, s. one who solicits any thing. 

Ca'ny, a. full of canes ; consisting of canes. 

Can'zonet, s . a short song or air. 

Caou'choue (pro. coo'chook), s. India rubber. 

Cap, s. a covering for the head : v. to cover 
the head. 

Capability, s. capableness, capacity, fitness, 
adequateness. 

Ca'pable, a. intelligent, equal to, qualified. 

Ca'pableness, s. the quality of being capable. 

Capa'cious, a. wide, vast, extended. 

Capa'ciousness, s. the power of holding. 

Capa"citate, v. to enable, qualify, make fit. 

Capa"city, s. ability, sense, state, space. 

Cap-a-pie', [Fr.] ad. from head to foot. 

Capar'ison, *. a superb dress for a horse. 

Capa/ison, v. to dress pompously. 

Cape, s. a promontory ; a point of land pro- 
jecting farther into the sea than the rest of 
the continent ; the neck-piece of a coat. 

Capel'la, s. a star in the constellation Auriga. 

Ca'per, s. a leap, a jump; a berry, a pickle : 
v. to dance frolicsomely, to frisk. 

Ca'per-bush, s. a plant growing in the south 
of France ; the buda'are pickled for eating. 

Ca'pias, s. a writ of execution. 

Capilla'ceous, a. resembling a hair. 

Cap'illary, a. like a hair ; fine, minute : s. 
a small tube; a small blood-vessel. 

Capil'laments, J. the small threads or hairs 
that grow up in the middle of a flower. 

Cap'ital, a. chief, principal ; criminal in 
the highest degree, deserving death. 

Cap'ital, s. a principal sum ; a large letter ; 
stock ; upper part of a pillar ; chief city. 

Capitalist, *. he who possesses much money. 

Capitally, ad. in a capital manner. 



CAP 



S3 



Capitate, a. (in botany) growing to a head. 
Capita'tion, s. numeration of heads. 
Capitol, s. a temple in Rome, dedicated to 

Jupiter, where the senate assembled. 
Capito'lian, Capltoline, a. pertaining to the 

Capitol in Rome. 
Capit'ular, s. a body of statutes; a member 

of an ecclesiastical chapter. 
Capitulary, a. relating to the chapter of a 

cathedral. 
Capit'ulato, v. to yield by capitulation. 
Capitula'tion, s. the surrendering of a town 

upon certain terms ; stipulations. 
Capit'uiator, s. he who capitulates. 
Ca'pon, j. a castrated cock. 
Capou'ch, Capo'ch, s. a monk's hood. 
Capri'ce, s. a whim, fancy, humour. 
Capri"cious, a. whimsical, fanciful, odd. 
Capri"ciousness, s. caprice, whinisicalness. 
Ca'pricorn, s. a sign of the zodiac, the goat. 

the winter solstice. 
Capriole, [Fr.] s. a leap, such as a horse 

makes in one and the same place, without 

advancing ; a caper in dancing. 
Cap'sicum, s. Guinea pepper, 
Capsi'ze, v. to upset, to overturn. 
Cap'stan, s. an engine to draw up great 

weights, as anchors, &c. 
Cap'sular, Cap'sulary, a. hollow as a chest. 
Cap'sulate, Cap'sulated, a. enclosed in a box. 
Cap'sule, s. a receptacle in plants for the seed. 
Cap'tain, s. the commander of a ship, a troop 

of horse, or company of foot ; a chief. 
Cap'taincy, s. the rank or post of a captain. 
Cap'tain ship, s. the post of a captain. 
Captation, s. the art or act of catching favor. 
Cap'tion, s. the act of taking any person. 
Cap'tious, a. catching at faults, cross. 
Cap'tiou^ness, s. inclination to find fault. 
Cap'tivating, a. having power to captivate 

the affections. 
Captiva'tion, s. the act of taking captive. 
Cap'tivate, v . to subdue ; to charm. 
Cap'tivo, s. one taken in war, a slave : a. 

made prisoner. 
Captivity, s. slavery, subjection, thrall. 
Cap'tor, s. one who takes prizes or prisoners. 
Cap'ture, s. a prize, the act of taking a prize : 

v. to take as a prize. 
Capuchi'n, s. a friar ; a cloak with a hood ; 

an order of friars ; a kind of pigeon. 
Ca'put mor'tuum. [Lat.j s. lees, dregs. 
Car, s. a cart, a chariot. 
Car'aek, s. a Spanish galleon, a large ship. 
Car'acolo, *. in horsemanship, an oblique 

tread : v. to move obliquely. 
Car'at, s. a weight of four grains. 
Caravan', s. a large carriage; a body of tra- 
velling merchants or pilgrims. 
Caravan'sora, Caravan'sary, j. a public build- 
ing erected for the conveniency of eastern 

travellers, where they may repose, &c. 
Car'avel, Car'vel, s. a light old-fashioned ship. 
Car'away, *. a plant producing warm seed 

used in medicine and confectionary. 
Carlnne, Car'abine, s. a short musket. 
Carbinier', 5. a light horseman. 
Car'bon, s. pure charcoal. 
Carbona'ceous, a. containing carbon. 
Carbona'de, v. to cut or hack, and prepare 

meat for broiling or frying. 



CAR 

Carbona'do, 5. meat cut across to be broiled 
on the coals : v. to cut or hack. 

Car'bonate, s. a name for salts, formed by the 
union of carbonic acid with different bases. 

Car'bonated, a. combined with carbon. 

Carbonic, a. obtained from carbon. 

Car'bonize, v. to convert into carbon. 

Carlmncle, s. a precious stone ; a red pimple. 

Car'buneled, a, set with carbuncles. 

Car'buret, s. carbon combined with metal, 
earth, or alkali. 

Car'huTetted-hyd rogen, s. gas formed of hy- 
drogen and carbon, used for gas lights. 

Car'canet, s. a chain or collar of jewels. 

Car'cass, s. a dead body ; the body ludicrously. 

Car'ceral, a. belonging to a prison. 

Card, s, a complimentary note ; a painted 
paper used for games ; the paper on which 
the points of the compass are marked -, an 
instrument with iron teeth to comb wool. 

Card, v. to comb wool. 

Card'er, s. one that cards wool. 

Car'diac, a. cordial, strengthening, cheering. 

Car'dinal, a. principal, chief, eminent : s. a 
dignitary of the Roman Catholic church ; 
a woman's cloak. 

Car'dinal ship, s. the office of a cardinal. 

Car'dinal points, s. east, west, north, south. 

Car'dinal virtues, s. prudence, temperance, 
justice, and fortitude. 

Carding, s. the dressing of wool. 

Card-maker, s. a maker of cards. 

Card'-match, s. a match made by dipping 
pieces of card in melted sulphur. 

Card'-table, s. a table for playing card3 on. 

Care, *. solicitude, anxiety, charge. 

Care, v. to have a care for, to be anxiou3 
about. 

Careen', v. to lay a vessel on one side in order 
to calk or repair the other. 

Careen'ing, s. the act of careening. 

Career 7 , s. a course, race, swift motion : v. to 
run with swift motion. 

Ca'reful, a. full of care, diligent, anxious. 

Ca'refulness, s. vigilance, great care. 

Ca'rcfully, a. needfully ; providently. 

Ca'rcless, a. without cam. negligent, heedless. 

Ca'rclessly, ad. negligently. 

Ca'relessness, s. heedlessness, inattention. 

Caress', s. an act of endearment : v. to em- 
brace fondly, to fondle. 

Ca'ret, s. a mark in writing, thus ['), to de- 
note the place where something has been 
omitted. 

Car'go, s. a ship's lading or freight. 

Caricatu're, s. a painting or description so 
overcharged as to be ludicrous : v. to give 
a ludicrous representation of. 

Caricatu'rist, s. one who caricatures others. 

Ca'ries, Carios'ity, *. rottenness of the bones 

Ca'rious, a. rotten, decayed, putrified. 

Cark, s. care, anxiety : t'. to be anxious. 

Carle, s. a robust rude man, a clown, a churL 

Carllsh, a. churlish ; rude. 

Carlovin'gian, a. of the race of Charlemagne. 

Car'man, s. one who drives or keeps cars. 

Car'melite, s. a friar of the Order of Mount 
Carmel. 

Carmin'ative, s. medicine for expelling wind. 

Carmin'ative, a. having the property of ex- 
pelling wind ; antispasmodic. 



CAR 



39 



CAS 



Car'mine, s. a bright red or crimson color. 

Car'nage, *. slaughter, havoc, devastation, 

Car'nal, a. fleshly, lustful, sensual. 

Car'nalist, s. one given to carnality. 

Carnal'ity, s. lust; sensuality. 

Car'nal.ize, v. to debase to sensuality. 

Car'nal ly, ad. according to tbe flesh. 

Car'nal -minded, a. worldly-minded. 

Car'nal-mindedncss, s. gTOssness, worldliness. 

Carna'tiou, 5. a flesh color ; a flower. 

Carno'lion. See Corne'lian. 

Car'neous, Car'nous, a. fleshy, plump, fat. 

Car'nival, s. a festival before Lent. 

Carnivorous, a. eating of flesh, greedy. 

Carnos'ity, s. a fleshy excrescence. 

Caro'che, s. a sort of carriage. 

Car'ol, s. a song of exultation or praise. 

Car'ol, v . to sing ; to praise, to celebrate. 

Carot'id, a. belonging to the two arteries of 
the neck, which convey the blood from tho 
aorta to the brain. 

Cnrot'ides, s. pi. the two arteries of the neck. 

Carou'sal, s. a feast, festival, drinking-l.out. 

Carou'se, s. a drinking-match. 

Carou'se, v. to chunk hard, to revel. 

Carp, v. to find fault, to cavil : s. a fish. 

Car'penter, s. an artificer in wood. 

Car'pentry, .«. the trado of a carpenter. 

Carp'er, s. a caviller ; a censorious person. 

Car'pet, s. a covering for a floor : v. to spread 
with carpets. 

Carpeting, a - , stuff of which carpets are made. 

Carp'ing, *. cavilling : a captious, censo- 
rious. 

Carp'ingiy, ad. captiously; censoriously. 

Carriage, s. behaviour, manners ; a vehicle. 

Car'rier, s. one who carries ; a sort of pigeon. 

Car'rion, s. any flesh not tit for food. 

Car'rion, a. relating to, or feeding on carcasses. 

Carrona'do, s. a short iron cannon. 

Carrot, s. an esculent root. 

Car'roty, a. like a carrot; red-haired. 

Car'ry, v. to convey, bear; to gain; behave. 

Cart, s. a carriage for luggage : v. to carry. 

Cart'age, s. conveyance by a cart for hire. 

Carte-blanche, [Ft.] *. a blank paper en- 
trusted to a person to be filled up as ho 
pleases. 

Cartel', s. an agreement betweon nations at 
war for the exehango of prisoners. 

Carte'sian, a. pertaining to the philosophy of 
Dos Cartes : s. a follower of Des Cartes. 

Car'ter, s. one who drives a cart. 

Carthu'sian, s. a monk of the Chartreuse : a. 
relating to the order of monks so called. 

Car'tilago, s. gristle, a toue.li substance. 

Cartila"git!ous, a. consisting of gristles. 

Cart'ing, *. the act of carrying in a cart. 

Cartoon', s. a drawing on large paper. 

Cartou'eh, s. a case to hold powder and balls. 

Car'tridgo. s. a papercase to hold the charge 
of a gnu. Cartridges without ball are 
called blank cartridges. 

Car'tridgo- box, J. a box containing cartridges. 

Cart'-rnt, s. tho out or track of a wheel. 

Cart'wright, .«. a maker of carts. 

Carve, v. to cut wood> stone, or meat. 

Carv'er, s. a sculptor ; he that cuts up the 
meat at the table. 

Carving, t. sculpture; figures carved. 

Casca'do, t, a cataract ; a waterfall. 



Case, s. a covering, a sheath ; the state of 
things ; variation of nouns ; a cause ot 
suit in court. 
Case, v. to put into a case ; to cover. 
Ca'scharden, v. to harden the outside. 
Ca'seknife, s. a large knife, generally kept 

in a case. 
Ca'semato, s. a kind of vault or arch of stone. 
Ca'sement, $. a window opening upon hinges. 
Ca'seous, a. of the nature of cheese. 
Ca'se-shot, s. balls, stones, iron, &c. put into 

cases, to be discharged from cannon. 
Ca'seworm, j. a grub that makes itself a case. 
Cash, s. money, properly ready money : v. to 

turn into money, to give money for. 
Cash'-account, s. an account of money re- 
ceived, paid, or on hand. 
Cash'-book, J. a book in which a register of 

receipts and payments is kept. 
Cashier', s. one who roceives and has charge 

of the money. 
Cashier', v. to dismiss from a post, to discard. 
Cash'-keeper, s. a person entrusted with cash. 
Ca'sing, s. tho covering of any thing. 
Casque, [Fr.] *. a helmet ; a head-piece. 
Cask, s. a barrel, a wooden vessel. 
Cas'ket, s. a small box for jewels. 
Cas'savi, s. an American plant, from the root 
of which a kind of bread and also tapioca 
are made. 
Cassa'tion, s. the act of annulling. 
Cas'sia, s. a very fragrant aromatic spice. 
Cassi'no, s. a game at cards. 
Cassiope'ia, s. a northern constellation. 
Cas'sowary, s. a large bird, the ernew. 
Cas'sock, j. the under vestment of a priest. 
Cast, s. a throw ; mould ; squint : v. to throw; 

to condemn ; to mould ; to compute. 
Cas'tanets, s. pi. small shells of ivory or hard 
wood, which dancers rattlo in their hands. 
Cast'away, 5. an abandoned or lost person. 
Caste, s. a name by which each tribe or class 
of Hindoos is distinguished. 
I Cas'tellated, a. adorned with battlements. 
Cast'er, s. one who casts; a calculator; a 
small box or cruet, out of which the con- 
tents are cast, as a pepper-caster ; a frame 
on small wheels. 
Cas'tigate, r. to chastise, to punish, to beat. 
Castiga'tion, ?. chastisement, punishnienx. 
Cas'tigator, a. he who chastises. 
Cas'tigatory, a. corrective. 
Cas'tiie-soap, s. a kind of refined soap. 
Cast'ing, s. the act of casting ; a mould. 
Cast'ing-net, s. a net thrown by tho hand. 
Cast'ing-vote, s. tho vote of a presiding 
officer, which decides a question, when the 
votes of tho members are equally divided. 
Cas'fle, *. a fortified house ; a fortress. 
Cas'tle-builder, s. ono who forms visionary 

schemes, as castles in the air. 
Cas'tle-building, *. the act of forming wild 

or groundless projects. 
Cas'tled, a. furnished with castles. 
Cas'tor, j. tho beaver ; a beaver hat. Castof 
and Pollux are two stars, also called Gemini 
or tho Twins. 
Castor-oil, *. an oil extracted from the palm? 

Christi, in the West Indies. 
Cas'trate, v. to emasculate. 
Castra'tion, *. the act of emasoulating. 



CAS 



40 



CED 



Castrel, s. a kind of hawk. 

Cas'ual, a. accidental, uncertain, fortuitous. 

Cas'ually, ad. accidentally ; without design. 

Cas'ualty, s. chance; an accident. 

Cas'uist, *. one who studies and settles cases 
of conscience. 

Casuistical, a. relating to doubtful cases. 

Cas'uistry, s. the science or skill of a casuist 

Cat, s. a domestic animal. 

Catachrc'sis, s. in rhetoric, abuse of a trope. 

Cat'acomb, s. a cave for the burial of the dead. 

Catacou'stics,s.the science of reflected sounds. 

Catalec'tic, a. wanting a syllable in metrical 
measure. 

Cat'alepsy, s. a lighter species of the apo- 
plexy, or epilepsy. 

Catalep'tic, a. pertaining to catalepsy. 

Cat'alogue, s. a list of names, articles, &c. 

Cat'alogue, v. to make a list of. 

Catamoun'tain, s. the wild or mountain cat, 
a fierce animal resembling a cat. 

Cat'aplasrh, s. a poultice, soft plaster. 

Cat'apult, s. an engine to throw stones, &c. 

Cat'aract, s. a waterfall ; a disease in the eyes. 

Catar'rh, s. a cold or rheum in the head. 

Catarrhal, a. relating to the catarrh. 

Catas'trophe, s. the denouement of a drama- 
tic piece ; a final event ; a disastrous ter- 
mination. 

Cat'cal, s. a small squeaking instrument. 

Catch, v. to lay hold on, to seize, to ensnare. 

Catch, s. the act of seizing ; any thing caught ; 
a song, the parts of which are caught up 
by different singers. 

Catch 'cr, s. he that catches. 

Catch ing, p. and a. infectious, apt to catch. 

Catoh'penny, s. any worthless publication. 

Catch 'poll, s. a sergeant, a bailiff's follower. 

Cat'chup, Cat'sup, s. a hind of pickle usually 
made from mushrooms. 

Catch' word, S. the word sometimes put at 
the bottom of a page, and which is the 
first in the page succeeding. 

Catechet'ical, a. consisting of questions and 
answers ; catechising. 

Catechet'ically, ad. by question and answer. 

Cat'echise, v. to instruct by questions. 

Cat'echiser, s. one who interrogates. 

Cat'echism, s. a form of instruction by ques- 
tions and answers. 

Cat'echist, s. one who teaches the catechism. 

Catcchis'tical, a. instructing by interrogation. 

Catechu'men, s. one who is yet in the first 
rudiments of Christianity ; a pupil little 
advanced. 

Categorical, a. absolute, positive. 

Categorically, ad. absolutely ; positively. 

Cat'egory, s. a classifj cation of all the objects 
of human thought ; a class or predicament ; 
an order of ideas. 

Catena'tion, 5. regular connexion, a Jink. 

Ca'ter, v. to provide food ; to purvey. 

Ca'terer, s. a provider of victuals. 

Cat'erpillar, *. an insect, a grub. 

Cat'erwaul, v. to cry like a cat. 

Cat'erwauling, s. the cry of cats. 

Cates, s. cakes, dainties, nice food. 

Cat'gut, s. a string for musical instruments. 

Cathar'tic, s. a purgative medicine. 

Cathar'tic, Cathar'tical, a. purgative. 

Cat'head, s. a strong beam over a ship's bows. 



Cathe'dra, s. a pulpit ; a professor's chair. 

Cathe'dral, s. an episcopal or head church 
a. pertaining to a bishop's seat or see. 

Cath'eter, s. a surgical instrument. 

Cath'olic, Cathol'ical, a. universal. 

Cath'olic, s. a member of the Church of Rome. 

Catholicism, Catholi"city, s. adherence to 
the Catholic Church ; universality. 

Cathol'icon, s. a universal remedy. 

Cat'kins, s. imperfect flowers resembling 
cats' tails. 

Catop'trical, a. relating to reflected vision. 

Catop'trics, s. that part of optics which treats 
of vision by reflection. 

Cat's-paw, s. the dupe of another. 

Cat'tle, *. beasts of pasture. 

Cau'dal, a. relating to the tail of an animal. 

Cau'dle, s. a warm drink mixed with wine, 
spice, &c. for women in childbed. 

Caul, s. part of a cap or wig ; the omentum. 

Cauliflower, s. a flowering species of cabbage. 

Caus'al, a. relating to or implying causes. 

Causality, s. the agency of a cause. 

Caus'ative, a. that effects as an agent. 

Caus'atively, ad. in a causative manner. 

Cause, s. that which produces an effect ; a 
reason, a motive, a suit or case at law ; a 
side or party : v. to effect or produce. 

Cau'seless, a. having no just reason. 

Cau'selessly, ad. without cause or reason. 

Cau'selessness, s. unjust ground. 

Cau'ser, *. one who causes ; the agent. 

Cau'sey, Cau'seway, s. a raised paved way. 

Caus'tic, s. a corroding or burning applica- 
tion : a. burning, hot and pungent. 

Caustfcity, Caus'ticness, s. the quality of 
being caustic. 

Cau'tcrize, v. to burn with irons ; to sear. 

Cau'tion, s. prudence, care, warning : v. to 
warn, to admonish. 

Cau'tionary, a. warning ; given as a pledge. 

Cau'tious, a. wary, watchful, prudent. 

Cau'tiously, ad. in a prudent wary manner. 

Cau'tiousness, *. vigilance, circumspection. 

Cavalca'do, s. a procession on horseback. 

Cavalier', s. a knight; a partisan of Charles I., 
a royalist: a. gay, brave; haughty, proud. 

Cavalierly, ad. haughtily, disdainfully. 

Cav'alry, s. horse troops, horse soldiers. 

Cave, *. a den, a cell, hollow place. 

Ca'veat, s. a writ or process to stop proceed- 
ings ; a caution or admonition. 

Cav'ern, s. a cave, den, hollow place. 

Cav'erned, Cav'ernous, a. full of caverns. 

Cavia're, *. the roe of the sturgeon, or other 
large fish, salted. 

Cavil, s. false or frivolous objections : v. to 
raise objections, to wrangle. 

Caviller, s. a captious disputant. 

Cavilling, s. frivolous disputation. 

Cav'illingly, ad. in a cavilling manner. 

Cavity, s. a hollow place, a cavern. 

Caw, v. to cry as a rook or crow. 

Cay'enne, s. a very pungent pepper. 

Cay'man, s. the American alligator. 

Cazi'que, s. a title given to the petty kings 
among the aboriginal Americans. 

Cease, v. to leave off; to stop; to be extinct. 

Cea'seless, a. never ceasing, perpetual. 

Cea'selessly, ad. perpetually, incessantly. 

Ce'dar, s. a large evergreen tree. 



CED 



41 



CHA 



Cede, v. to yield up, to surrender. 
Cedilla, s. a mark put under the French c, 

thus 9, to show that it is to be sounded like s. 
Ceil, v. to overlay or cover the inner roof. 
Ceil'ing, s. the inner roof. 
Cel'ebrate, v. to praise ; to make famous. 
Celebralion, s. solemn remembrance ; praise. 
Celeb'rity, s. fame, celebration, renown. 
Celerity, s. swiftness, velocity, haste. 
Cel'ery, s. a species of parsley. 
Celoslial, j. an inhabitant of heaven : a. 

heavenly, supremely happy. 
Celibacy, s. a single life. 
Cell, s. a small close room ; a cave, a cavity. 
Cellar, s. a room under ground where liquors 

or stores are deposited. 
Cellarage, s. cellars; space for cellars. 
Cellaret, s. a case for holding bottles. 
Cellular, a. consisting of little cells. 
Cellule, s. a little cell. 
Cel'situde, s. height ; altitude. 
Cem'ent, s. that which unites ; mortar. 
Cement', v. to join together, to solder. 
Cementa'tion, s. the act of cementing. 
Cement'er, s. one that cements. 
Cem'etery, s. a burial-place, a churchyard. 
Cen'obite, s. a monk, a recluse. 
Cen'otaph, s. an empty or honorary tomb. 
Cen'ser, s. a perfuming or incense pan. 
Cen'sor, s. a magistrate of Rome who had 

the power of correcting manners ; one ad- 
dicted to censuring others. 
Censo'rial, a. full of censure ; severe. 
Censo'rious, a. addicted to censure, severe. 
Censo'riousness, s. disposition to find fault. 
Cen'sorlike, a. censorious, austere. 
Cen'sorship, s. the office of a censor. 
Gen'surable, a. deserving censure, culpable. 
Cen'surableness, s. blamableness. 
Cen'sure, s. blame, reproach, judgment : v. 

to blame, to condemn. 
Cen'sus, s. a numbering of the population. 
Cent, s. an abbreviation of the Latin word 

centum, a hundred ; an American coin, of 

which a hundred go to the dollar. 
Cent'age, s. rate by the hundred. 
Cen'taur, s. a poetical being, represented as 

half man, half horse. 
Cen'taury, s. the name of a plant. 
Cen'tenary, s. the number of a hundred. 
Centen'nial, a. consisting of a hundred years. 
Centesimal, a. the hundredth part. 
Cenligrade, a. consisting of 100 degrees. 
Cenlipede, s. a many -legged insect. 
Cenlo, s. a composition consisting of scraps 

and fragments from various authors. 
Cen'tral, a. relating to the centre. 
Cen'trally, ad. in a central manner. 
Cen'tre, s. the middle point. 
Cenlre, v. to place on a centre ; to rest on. 
Centrifugal, a. flying from the centre. 
Centrip'etal, a. tending to the centre. 
Cen'tuplc, a. a hundred fold : v. to multiply 

a hundred fold. 
Centu'rion, s. a Roman military officer who 

commanded a hundred men. 
Cen'tury, s. a hundred years. 
Cephalic, a medicinal for the head. 
Ce'rato, s. a salve made of wax and oil. 
Celated, a. covered with wax. 
Cero, v. to cover or smear over with wax. 



Ce'real, Cerealious, a. pertaining to corn. 
Cerebellum, s. the hinder portion of the brain. 
Cer'ebral, a. belonging to the brain. 
Cer'ebrum, s. the fore-part of the brain. 
Ce'recloth, Ce'rement, *. cloth dipped in wax 

in which dead bodies were wrapped. 
Ceremo'nial, 5. outward form ; external rite. 
Ceremo'nial, Ceremo'nious, a. formal. 
Ceremony, s. outward rite ; form in religion; 

forms of civility. 
Ceremo'nially, ad. according to ceremony. 
Ceremo'niously, ad. with due forms. 
Ce'reous, a. waxen, resembling wax. 
Cer'tain, a. sure, resolved, unfailing ; some. 
Cerlainly, ad. indubitably, without fail. 
Cerlainty, s. exemption from doubt or fail- 
ure ; that which is real ; truth, fact. 
Cerles, ad. certainly ; verily ; in truth. 
Certificate, s. a testimony in writing. 
Cerlify, v. to give assurance of. 
Cer'titude, s. certainty ; freedom from doubt. 
Cerulean, a. blue or sky-color. 
Ce'ruse, s. white lead reduced to calx. 
CerVix, *. the hind part of the neck. 
Cess, s. a rate or tax : v. to rate. 
Cessa'tion, s. a stop, rest ; intermission. 
Cession, s. a yielding or giving up. 
Cess'pool, s. a receptacle for liquid filth. 
Ceta'ceous, a. of the whale kind. 
Chafe, v. to warm by rubbing ; to inflame or 

make angry ; to fret. 
Cha'fer, s. an insect ; a sort of beetle. 
Chaff, s. the husks of corn ; a worthless thing. 
Chaffer, v. to higgle or bargain about. 
Chaf ferer, s. a dealer ; a hard bargainer. 
Chaffinch, s. a bird said to like chaff. 
Chaffy, a. full of chaff; like chaff. 
Cha'fmgdish, s. a portable grate for coals 
Chagri'n, s. ill humour, vexation : v. to vex, 

to tease. 
Chain, s. a series of links or rings ; a fetter : 

v. to fasten with a chain ; to enslave. 
Chain'pump, s. a pump used in sbips. 
Chain'shot, s. bullets fastened by a chain. 
Chain'work, s. work with open spaces like 

the links of a chain. 
Chair, s. a moveable seat, a sedan. 
Chairlnan, s. the president of any public 

meeting ; one who carries a sfdan. 
Chaise, s. a kind of light carriage. 
Chal'cedony, s. a fine variegated stone. 
Cha'ldron, *. a coal measure of 36 bushels. 
Chal'ieo, s. a cup, a bowl. 
Challced, a. having a cell or cup. 
Chalk'-stone, s. a white concretion in the 

hands and feet of gouty persons. 
Challengeable, a. that may be challenged. 
Challenger, *. one that challenges. 
Chalk, s. a white calcareous earth : v. to rub 

or mark with chalk. 
Chalk'pit, s. a place whore chalk is dug. 
Chalky, a. consisting of chalk, white. 
Challenge, v. to call to a contest or fight ; to 

accuse or object to : s. a summons to fight. 
Chalyb'ean, a. pertaining to steel. 
Chalyb'eate, a. impregnated with iron. 
Cham, Khan, s. the sovereign of Tartary. 
Chama'de, s. the beat of a drum, denoting a 

surrender, or a desire to parley. 
Cha'mber, s. an apartment in an upper 

story : v. to occupy as a chamber. 



CHA 



42 



CHA 



Cha'mberer, s. a mail of intrigue. 

Cha'mbcrhig, s. intrigue, wantonness. 

Cha'mbcrlain, s. one who takes care of cham- 
bers ; an officer of state. 

Cha'mbermaid, s. a servant who has the care 
of bedrooms. 

Chalnber-practice, s. the practice of barris- 
ters who give opinions in their rooms. 

Chameleon, s. a kind of lizard. 

Cham'fer, 5. the fluting in a column. 

Cham'ois, s. an animal of the goat kind ; 
leather made of the goat's skin. 

Champ, v. to gnaw, to bite. 

Champa'gnc, s. a brisk, sparkling wine from 
Champagne in France. 

Cham'paign, s. a flat open country. 
•Champign'on, [Fr.]s. a small kind of mush- 
room. 

Cham'pion, s* one that fights in single com- 
bat ; a defender ; a hero. 

Chance, s. casual event, accident, fortune : 
a. fortuitous : v. to happen. 

Chan'ccl, s. the east end of a church. 

Chan'cellor, s. a great officer of state. 

Chancellorship, s. the office of chancellor. 

Chance-medley, s. the killing of a person by 
chance. 

Chan'ccry, s. the chief court of equity. 

Chandelier', s. a branch to hold candles. 

Chandler, s. one who makes and sells can- 
dles ; a dealer. 

Chandlery, s. the articles sold by a chandler. 

Change, s. alteration, novelty ; small money: 
v. to alter, to exchange. 

Changeable, a. subject to frequent changes; 
inconstant, fickle. 

Cha'ngeableness, s. inconstancy ; fickleness. 

Cha'ngcably, ad. inconstantly. 

Cha'ngeful, a. inconstant, mutable, fickle. 

Cha'ngeless, a. without change ; constant. 

Changeling, s. a child changed for another ; 
an idiot, a natural, a wavtrer. 

Chan'nel, s. the hollow bed of running 
waters, a narrow sea ; a furrow in a pillar : 
v. to cut in channels. 

Chan'son, [Fr.] s. a song. 

Chant, s. a song, a melody ; part of the ca- 
thedral service : v. to sing cathedral service. 

Chant'er, s. a singer in a cathedral, a 
songster. 

Chant'ress, s. a female singer. 

Chanticleer', s. the cock. 

Chanting, s. the act of singing. 

Chant'ry', s. a chapel or part of a church for 
priests to sing mass in. 

Cba'os, s. a confuted mass of matter, confu- 
sion ; the beginning of the creation. 

Chaotic, a. resembling chaos; confused. 

Chap, s. a cleft, a chink or gap ; a beast's jaw : 
v. to open, to crack, to split. 

Chape, s. a thin plate of metal at the point 
of a scabbard ; the catch of a buckle. 

Cha'peau, [Fr.] 5. a hat; a cap or bonnet. 

Chap'el, s. a place of worship. 

Chap'elrv, J. the bounds of a chapel. 

Chap'eron, [Fr.] s. a kind of hood or cap 
worn by knights ; the gentleman who pro- 
tects or attends on a lady in public : v. to 
attend on a lady in a public assembly. 

Chap'fallen, a. silenced ; dejected. 

Chap'iter, s. the capital of a pillar. 



Chap'lain, s. a clergyman who performs di- 
vine service in the army or navy, or in a 
nobleman's or a private family. ' 

Chaplaincy, Chap'lainship, s. the office of a 
chaplain. 

Chap'let, s. a garland or wreath for the 
head. 

Chap'man, s. a dealer in goods ; a cheapener. 

Chap'ter, s. a division of a book ; an assembly 
of the clergy of a cathedral. 

Chap'ter-house, s. a house where the clergy 
meet. 

Char, v. to burn wood to a black cinder. 

Char, v. to work by the day, without being 
a hired servant. 

Char, s. a small fish. 

Char'acter, s. a mark ; reputation ; a letter. 

Char'acter, v. to inscribe ; to describe. 

Characteris'tic, a. peculiar to, distinguish- 
ing : s. that which constitutes the character. 

Characteris'tically, ad. in a manner that dis- 
tinguishes character. 

Characterize, v. to give a character of a per- 
son ; to imprint ; to mark with a stamp. 

Chara'de, [Fr.] s. a riddle, usually in verse. 

Charcoal, s. coal made by burning wood. 

Charge, s. trust ; expense ; onset ; command : 
v. to entrust ; to impute as a debt ; to ac- 
cuse ; to load a gun ; to command. 

Changeable, a. expensive, costly ; accusable. 

Char'ger, s. a large dish ; a war horse. 

Cha'rily, ad. warily, frugally. 

Cha'riness, s. caution, care, nicety. 

Chariot, s. a carriage of pleasure or state. 

Charioteer', s. a chariot driver, a coachman. 

Charitable, a. kind, bountiful, candid. 

Charitableness, s. the exercise of charity ; 
disposition to charity. 

Charitably, ad. kindly, benevolently. 

Charity, s. tenderness, love, good-will ; alms. 

Charlatan, s. a mountebank, quack, cheat. 

Charlatanlcal, a. quackish, ignorant. 

Charlatanry, s. deceit ; quackery. 

Charles's-wain, s. a northern constellation, 
called the Great Bear. 

Charm, s. a spell or enchantment ; something 
to gain the affections : v. to bewitch, to 
delight, to appease. 

Charm'er, s. one who charms or enchants. 

Charming, s. enchanting, delighting. 

Charmingly, ad. iu a delightful manner. 

Char'nel-house, s. a receptacle for the bones 
of the dead, a vault for dead bodies. 

Chart, s. a delineation of coasts ; a map. 

Charier, s. a privilege, immunity or exemp- 
tion, by royal grant, in writing : v. to es- 
tablish by charter ; to let or hire a ship by 
charter. 

Chartered, a. privileged ; granted by 
charter. 

Charlvonian, s. a woman hired by the day. 

Cha'ry, a. careful, cautious, diligent. 

Chase, s. a piece of ground for hunting, 
larger than a park ; hunting itself; pur- 
suit of an enemy ; the bore of a gun : v 
to hunt, to pursue, to drive away ; to 
chase metals. See Enchase. 

Cha'ser, s. hunter; pursuer; an enchaser. 

Chasm, s. a cleft, an opening, a vacuity. 

Chasseu'rs, [Fr.] s. a select body of light 
infantry. 



CHA 



43 



Chaste, a. pure, uncorrupt, honest. 
Cha'ste-eyed, a. having modest eyes. 
Cba'stely, ad. in a chaste manner, purely. 
Cha'sten, v. to punish, to correct, to purify. 
Chasti'se, v. to correct by punishing. 
Chas'tisevnent, s. correction, punishment. 
Chasti'ser, s. he who corrects by punishment. 
Chas'tity, s. purity of the body ; chasteness 

or purity. 
Chat, v. to" prate, to talk idly, to prattle : s. 

idle talk, prattle, conversation. 
Chateau', [Fr.] s. a castle, country seat. 
Chat'tel, s. any moveable property. 
Chat'ter, s. noisy and idle prattle : v. to utter 

sounds without meaning. 
Chat'terbox, Cnat'terer, s. an idle talker. 
Chaffering, s. rapid inarticulate sounds. 
Chat'ty, a. conversing freely. 
Cheap, a. bearing a low price ; of small 

value ; easy to be had. 
Cheapen, v. to attempt to purchase ; to make 

cheap or to lessen the value. 
Cheap'ener, s. a bargainer. 
Cheaply, ad. at a small price. 
Cheap'ness, s. lowness of price. 
Cheat, s. a fraud, a trick ; a deceiver : v. to 

impose on, to deceive, to gull. 
Cheat'er, s. one that practises fraud. 
Check, v. to repress, curb, chide, control : s. 

a stop, curb, restraint, dislike, reproof; a 

kind "of checked or chequered linen; a 

countermark. 
Check'-mate, s. the term used at chess when 

the king is made prisoner ; a check that 

finishes the game of chess : v. to finish. 
Cheek, s. the side of the face below the eye. 
Cheek'bone, s. the bone of the cheek. 
Cheek'-tooth, s. the hinder tooth or tusk. 
Cheep, v. to chirp, as a small bird. 
Cheer, s. a shout of applause ; entertain- 
ment, gaiety, jollity : v. to incite, to 

comfort. 
Checr'er, s. one who promotes mirth. 
Cheer'ful, a. gay, full of life, merry. 
Cheer'fulnoss, s. alacrity, liveliness, mirth. 
Checrl'ully, ad, without dejection ; gaily. 
Cheer'less, a. sad, gloomy, comfortless. 
Cheerily, Cheerly, ad, cheerfully. 
Cheer'y, a sprightly, making gay/ 
Cheese, s. food made from milk curds. 
Chee'secake, s. a cake of curds, sugar, &c. 
Chee'semonger. s. one who sells cheese. 
Chee'sevat, s. the wooden case in which the 

curds are pressed into cheese. 
Chee'sy, a. having the nature of cheese. 
Chemi'se, [Fr.] .v. a shift ; in fortification, a 

wall that iines a bastion. 
Chemist, *. one versed in chemistry. 
Chemistry, .v. the science by which the nature 

and properties of bodies are analyzed and 

ascertained. 
Cheque, s. an order to pay money on demand. 
Cheq'uer, v. to variegate ; to diversify. 
Cherish, v. to treat with tenderness ; to 

nurso; to comfort ; to shelter. 
Cherlsher, 5. an encourager, a supporter. 
Cher'ry, s- a fruit : a. ruddy, blooming. 
Cher'ry-chccked,a. having blooming cheeks. 
Cher'ub, s. a celestial spirit 
Chcrlibim, s. the Hebrew plural of cherub. 
Cher'up, v. to chirp ; to use a lively voice. 



CHI 

Chest'nut, s. the fruit of the che.t-nut tree : 

a. of the color of a chestnut. 
Chess, s. a scientific game. 
Chess'-board, J. a board to play chess on. 
Chest, J. a largo box or coffer ; the breast. 
Chevalie'r, s. a knight, a gallant man. 
Chevaux-de-Fri'se, [Fr.] s. a military fence 

composed of a piece of timber, traversed 

with spikes. 
Chev'eril, s. a kid ; kid leather. 
Chew, v. to grind with the teeth, to masti- 
cate ; to meditate on. to ruminate. 
Chiaro-oscuro, [Ital.] lights and shades in 

painting. 
Chica'ne, s. a trick in law proceedings ; 

sophistry ; protracting a debate by artifice. 
Chica'nery, s. trickery ; mean artifice. 
Chica'ne, v. to prolong a contest by tricks. 
Chica'ner, s. a petty sophister ; a caviller 
Chick, Chick'en, s. the young of liens. 
Chick'en -hearted, a. timorous, pusillanimous. 
Chick'en-pox, s. a mild form of small-pox ; 

a pustulous distemper. 
Chick'peas, s. a kind of degenerate pea. 
Chick'weed, s. the name of a plant. 
Chide, v. to reprove, to blame, to reproach. 
Chi'der, s. one who chides. 
Chilling, s. the act of reproving, a rebuke. 
Chillingly, ad. in a chiding manner. 
Chief, a. principal, eminent : «. a leader. 
Chiefly, ad. principally, above all. 
Chief'rie, s. a small feudal rent. 
Chieftain, s. a leader, a commander. 
Chief'tainry, Chieftainship, s. headship. 
Chil'blain, s. a blain or swelling made by 

frost or cold. 
Child, s. an infant ; male or female offspring. 
Childbearing, s. the act of bearing children. 
Childbed, s. the state of a woman in labor. 
Childbirth, s. the act of bringing forth. 
Childhood, s. infancy, the state of a child. 
Childish, a. trivial, puerile, like a child. 
Childishly, ad. in the manner of a child. 
Childishness, s. puerility, harmlessness. 
Childless, a. having no children, barren. 
Childlike, a. becoming or like a child. 
Chil'dren, s. the plural of Child. 
Chill, a. cold, depressed : s. chilness, cold : 

v. to make cold, to discourage. 
Chilliness, s. a sensation of shivering. 
Chilly, a. somewhat cold, frosty, raw. 
Chil'ness, s. coldness ; want of warmth. 
Chime, s. a sound of bells, concord of sound. 
Chime, v. to sound in harmony ; to agree. 
Chimo'ra, s. a fabulous monster ; a wild fancy. 
Chimerical, a. imaginary, whimsical. 
Chimcr'ically, ad. wildly, fantastically. 
Chim'ney, s. a passage made for smoke. 
Chim'ney-piece, s. an ornamental frame of 

marble, stone, &o. round a fire-place. 
Chim'ney-sweeper, s. one whose trade is to 

clean chimneys. 
Chimlst, Chimlstry. See Chemist. 
Chimpan'zeo, s. an animal of the ape species. 
Chin, s. the lowest part of the huutan face. 
Chi'na, s. a species of fine earthenware, first 

made in China. 
Ch ilia-orange, s. the sweet orange, firat 

brought from China. 
Chi'naware, s. fine porcelain. 
Chin'cough, s. a violent disease of children. 



CHI 



44 



Chine, s. the backbone : v. to cut into chines. 
Chink, s. a narrow aperture ; money, in cant 

language : v. to jingle like mono v. 
Chink'y, a. full of chinks, gaping, open. 
Chintz, s. fine Indian printed calico. 
Chip, *. a small fragment cut off. 
Chip, v. to cut into small pieces, to hack. 
Chira'gra, s. gout in the hands. 
Chirog'rapher, s. one who practises writing 

as a profession ; an officer in the Common 

Pleas, who engrosses fines in that court. 
Chir'omancy, s. divination by the hand. 
Chirop'eclist, .?. one who extracts corns. 
Chirp, v. to imitate the noise of birds : s. 

the voice of birds or insects. 
Chirping, s. the gentle noise of birds. 
Chirur'geon, s. a surgeon ; an operator. 
Chirur'gery, s. the art of surgery. 
Chirur'gical, a. relating to surgery. 
Chis'el, s. a carpenter's tooi to pare with : v. 

to cut with a chisel. 
Chit, s. a baby, a child ; a sprout. 
Cliit'chat, s. prattle, common trifling talk. 
Chit'terlings, s. the entrails of an animal. 
Chit'ty, a. childish, like a baby. 
Chiv'alrous, a. warlike ; adventurous. 
ChiValry, s. knighthood ; knightly valour. 
Chive, j. a kind of small onion. 
Chives, s. the threads or filaments rising in 

flowers, with seeds at the end. 
Chlo'rate, s. chlorio acid with a base. 
Chlo'ric, a. pertaining to chlorine. 
Chlo'ride, s. a compound of chlorine with a 

combustible body. 
Chloline, s. a gaseous body of greenish hue ; 

a bleaching liquid. 
Chlo'rite, s. a grass-green mineral, composed 

of little spangles and scales. 
Choc'olate, s. a preparation of the Indian 

cocoa-nut shell ; the liquor made with it. 
Choice, s. a thing chosen ; power of choosing ; 

variety, plenty ; best part of any thing. 
Choice, a. select, of great value ; careful. 
Choi'celess, a. not having the power of 

choosing. 
Choi'ce] y, ad. with great care ; curiously. 
Choi'ceness, s. nicety, of particular value. 
Choir, .9. a body of singers ; part of a church. 
Choke, v. to suffocate, to block up. 
Cho'ke-uamp, s. a noxious vapor in coal 

mines. 
Cho'ke-full, a. as full as possible. 
Chol'er, *. the bile ; anger, irascibility. 
Chorcra-mor'bus, s. a sudden and violent 

evacuation of bile, &c., very generally 

proving fatal, and supposed to be conta- 
gious. 
Chol'erio, a. full of choler, angry, offensive. 
Chol'ericness, s. irascibility ; anger. 
Choose, v. to select, to pick out. 
Chop, v. to cut with a quick blow ; to mince 

or cut into small pieces ; to bargain, to 

barter. 
Chop, s. a small piece of meat ; a cleft. 
Chop'house, s. a houso to eat provisions at. 
Chop'per, s. a butcher's oleaver or axe. 
Chop'ping. a. lusty, plump, as a child. 
Chop'py, a. full of cracks or clefts. 
Chops, Chaps, s. pi. the jaws of a beast. 
Cho'ral, a. belonging to or singing in a choir. 
Chord, s. the string of a musical instrument. 



CHU 

Chord, v. to furnish with musical strings. 
Cho'rist, Chorister, s. a singer in cathedrals. 
Cho'rus, s. a number of singers ; a concert. 
Chough, *. a sea bird which frequents rocks. 
Chouse, v. to cheat, to trick. 
Chrism, s. a holy unguent or oil. 
Chris'ten, v. to baptize, to name. 
Chris'tendom, s. the countries inhabited by 

Christians ; the whole body of Christians. 
Chris'tening, s. the act of baptizing infants. 
Chris'tian, s. a disciple of Christ : a. belong- 
ing to the religion of Christ. 
Christianity, s. the religion taught by Christ. 
Christianize, v. to make Christian. 
Chris'tianlike, a. befitting a Christian. 
Chris'tianly, a. in a Christian manner. 
Christ'mas, s. the festival of the Nativity of 

Christ, December 25. 
Christ'mas-box, s. a box in which presents 

are collected at Christmas ; a Christmas gift. 
Chromat'ic, s. that kind of music that pro- 
ceeds by a succession of semitones. 
Chromat'ic, a. relating to colors ; relating 

to music. 
Chromat'ics. s. the science of colors. 
Chron'ic, Chron'ieal, a. of long continuance. 
Chron'icle, s. a history, register, record : v. 

to record in history, to register. 
Chron 'icier, 5. a historian, recorder of events. 
Chronol'oger, s. an explainer of past time. 
Chronolo"gical, a. relating to time. 
Chronolo"gically, ad. in a chronological 

manner. 
Chronol'ogist, *. one skilled in chronology. 
Chronol'ogy, s. the art of computing time. 
Chronom'eter, *. an instrument for the exact 

mensuration of time. 
Chrys'alis, s. anrelia, or the form of certain 

insects, as butterflies, before they become 

winged ; so called because the color is 

generally golden. 
Chrys'olite, s. a precious stone of a dusky 

gTeen, having in general a golden cast. 
Chub, s. the name of a short, thick fish. 
Chub'by, a. plump, fat. 
Chuck, v. to call as a hen calls her young ; 

to touch or hit gently ; to pitch to a short 

distance : $. a word of endearment ; a pat 

under the chin. 
Chuck'-farthing, s. a vulgar game. 
Chuckle, v. to make a chucking noise ; to 

laugh at or over. 
Chuff, s. a blunt clownish person. 
Chuf'fy, s. blunt ; surly ; fat. 
Chum, s. a chamber fellow ; a messmate. 
Church, s. a place of divine worship ; the 

collective body of Christians. 
Church'ing, s. the act of giving thanks in 

the church after child-birth. 
Church'l iko, a. befitting a churchman. 
Church'man, s. a clergyman ; a member of 

the Church of England. 
Churchwar'den, s. a parish officer chosen 

by the minister and parishioners. 
Church'yard, s. the burial ground of a church. 
Churl, s. a niggard ; a rustic, rude person. 
Churlish, a. rude, surly, selfish. 
Churlishly, ad. rudely, surlily. 
Churlishness, s. rudeness, ill-nature. 
Churn, v. to make butter. 
Churn, *. a vessel used in making butter. 



CHU 



45 



CLA 



Churn'ing, s. the act of making butter. 

Chyle, s. a milky juice formed in the stomach 
by digestion. 

Chyme, s. chyle in a state of preparation. 

Chymlst, s. See Chemist. 

Chym'istry, s. See Chemistry. 

Cica'da, s. a cricket; a genus of insects. 

Cic'atrice, s. a scar left by a wound. 

Cic'atrize, v. to heal a wound, to skin over. 

Cicero'ne, [Ital.] s. a guido; a conductor. 

Cicero'niau, a. like Cicero ; pure, elegant. 

Ciou'ta, s. a plant, water hemlock. 

Cid, [Span.] s. a valiant chief; a commander. 

Ci'der, s. a liquor made from apple juice. 

Cigar', s. tobacco leaves rolled up for smoking. 

Cil'iary, a. relating to tho eyelids. 

Cili"cious, a. made of hair, hairy. 

Cim'eter, s. See Scimitar. 

Cimme'rian, a. extremely dark. 

Cinc'ture, s. a belt, sash, girdle. 

Cin'der, s. a coal that has ceased to burn. 

Cin'nabar, s. an ore of quicksilver. 

Cin'namon, s. the fragrant bark of a tree. 

Cinque, s. five, the number of five on dice. 

Cin'que-foil, *. a kind of five-leaved clover. 

Cin'que-pace, s. a grave kind of dance. 

Cin'que-ports, s. five ports on the eastern 
coast of England; viz. Hastings, Dover, 
Hytho, Romney, and Sandwich. 

Ci'pher. s. the character (0) in numbers ; the 
initials of a person's name interwoven ; a 
secret manner of writing: v. to cast ac- 
counts ; to write in occult characters. 

Ciphering, s. the art of casting accounts. 

Cir'cle, s. a round body, an orb ; a company. 

Cir'cle, v. to move round any thing ; to sur- 
round ; to enclose. 

Cir'cuit, s. the act of moving round ; a circu- 
lar space ; a portion of the country visited 
by the judges of assize. 

Cir'cuit, v. to go round. 

Circu'itous, a. going round in a circuit. 

Cir'cular, s. a letter or paper sent round. 

Cir'cular, a. like a circle, round. 

Circularly, a. in the form of a circle. 

Cir'culate, v. to move round, to spread. 

Circula'tion, .?. the act of moving round. 

Circumam'bient, a. surrounding. 

Cir'cu incise, v. to cut off the foreskin. 

Circumcision, s. the act of circumcising. 

Circum'ference, s. the periphery of a circle. 

Circumferen'tor, s. an instrument used in 
surveying to measure angles. 

Cir'cumflect, v. to place the circumflex on 
words. 

Circumflex, s. an accent used to regjilato 
the pronunciation of syllables, marked 
thus (*). 

Circum'fluent, a. flowing round any thing. 

Circum'flunus, a. environing with waters. 

Circumfu'se, v. to diffuse, to spread every- 
where ; to pour round. 

Circumfu'sion, *. the act of pouring round. 

Circivmgyra'tion, s. a rolling or turning round. 

Ciroumja'cent, a. iying round any thing. 

Cireumlocu'tion, 3. the use of indirect ex- 
pressions, a circuit of words. 

Circumloc'utury, a. periphrastical. 

Circumnav'igablo, a. that which may be 

9ailed round. 
Circumnavigate, v. to sail round. 



Circumnavigation, s. the act of sailing round. 

CircumnaVigator, s. one who sails round. 

Circumpb'lar, a. round the pole. 

Circumscri'bo, v. to enclose, limit, confine. 

Cir'cumspect, a. cautious, watchful, wary. 

Circumspec'tien, s. caution, watchfulness. 

Circumspective, a. watchful, vigilant. 

Circumspec'tively, ad cautiously. 

Circumspectly, ad. vigilantly, watchfully. 

Cir'cuinspectness, s. caution, vigilance. 

Cir'cumstance, s. an accident, event; a fact 
connected with something else. 

Circumstanced, a. situated or placed. 

Circumstan'tial, a. minute, detailed. 

Circumstantiality, S. the appendage of cir- 
cumstances. 

Circumstantially, ad. minutely, exactly. 

Circumstan'tiate, v. to describe exactly. 

Circumvalla'tion, s. a fortification surround- 
ing a besieged place. 

Circumvent', v. to overreach, to deceive. 

Circumven'tion, s. deception, fraud. 

Circumvol've, v. to roll round about. 

Circumvolu'tion, s. a turning or rolling round. 

Cir'eus, s. an area for sports, with seats 
around for the spectators. 

Cisal'pine, a. on the Italian side of the Alps. 

Cis'tern, s. a receptacle for water. 

Cit, s. a pert low townsman. 

Cit'adel, s. a fortress or castle in a city. 

Cita'tion, s. a summons to appear before a 
judge ; a quotation from another author. 

Ci'tatory, a. having the power of citation. 

Cite, v. to summons; to quote. 

Cit'izen, s. an inhabitant of a city ; a freeman. 

Citizenship, s. the freedom of a city. 

Cit'ric-acid, s. the acid of lemons. 

Cit'rine, a. like a citron ; of a lemon color. 

Cit'rine, s. a species of yellow crystal. 

Cit'ron, *. a fruit resembling a lemon. 

Cit'y, *. a corporate and cathedral town. 

Civ'et, s. a perfume obtained from a small 
animal called the civet cat. 

Civic, a. relating to civil honors. 

Civil, a. relating to the community; civi- 
lized ; polite. 

CWil-law, s. the national law of a country 

CWi\-war, s. an intestine war. 

Civilian, s. a professor of civil law. 

Civility, s. politeness, courtesy, kindness. 

Civiliza'tion, s. the state of being civilized. 

Civilize, v. to reclaim from barbarism. 

Civilized, p. and a. reclaimed, polished. 

Civlly, ad. politely ; complaisantly. 

Clack, *. part of a mill ; a continued noise : 
v. to talk fast, to let the tongue run. 

Claim, s. a demand of any thing as of right. 

Claimable, a. that which may be claimed. 

Claim'ant, s. one who claims or demands. 

Clam, v. to clog with any glutinous matter. 

Clam'ber, v. to climb with difficulty. 

Clam'miness, *. stickiness, viscosity. 

Clam'my, a. viscous, sticky, moist. 
Clani'orous, a. noisy, loud, importunate. 
Clam'orously, ad. in a noisy manner. 
Clam'or, Clam'our, s. noise, outcry, vocifera- 
tion : v. to vociferate. 
Clamp, s. a piece of wood or iron used to 
strength en any thing : v.' to strengthen by 
means of a clamp. 
Clan, s. a family ; sect of persons ; a race. . 



CLA 



43 



OLO 



Ciandcs'tine, a. secret, hidden, private. 

Clandes'tinely, ad. secretly, craftily. 

Clan'gor, Clan'gour, s. a loud, shrill rjoise. 

Clang, v. to make a loud and shrill noise : 
s. a shrill, harsh noise. 

Clan'ish, a. united, like a clan. 

Clank, v. to make a noise like the clanking 
of a chain. 

Clan'ship, s. an association of families. 

CJap, s. a loud noise ; an explosion of thun- 
der ; an act of applause : t>. to strike to- 
gether with quick motion; to applaud 
with the hands. 

Clapper, s. he or that which claps ; the 
tongue of a hell. 

Clap'pcrclaw, v. to scold, chide, revile. 

Clare-obscu're. See Chiaro-oscuro. 

Clar'et, s. a clear, pale-red, French wine. 

Clarifica'tion, s. the act of making clear. 

Clar'ifier, s. that which makes clear. 

Clarify, v. to make clear, to purify. 

Clarionet, s. a kind of haul boy. 

Ciar'ion, s. a kind of trumpet. 

Clash, v. to strike against ; to oppose. 

Clash, s. a noisy collision of two bodies. 

Clash'ing, s. collision ; opposition. 

Clasp, s. a kind of hook, a holdfast : v. to 
shut or hold with a clasp ; to embrace. 

Clasp'knife, *. a knife which shuts up. 

Class, s. a rank, order, degree ; a set : v. to 
arrange in classes. 

Clas'sic, Cias'sical, a. relating to authors of 
the first class or order ; learned ; elegant. 

Clas'sically, ad. in a classical manner. 

Clas'sics, s. pi. the term applied to the writ- 
ings of the ancients in the Latin or Greek. 

Classifica'tion, s. the act of ranging into 
classes. 

Clas'sify, v. to arrange, to class. 

Clat'ter, J. a rattling confused noise : v. to 
make a confused noise. 

Clat'tering, *. a rattling confused noise. 

Clause, s. a sentence, a stipulation. 

Clavicle, .?. the collar bone. 

Claw, s. the foot of a beast or bird : v. to 
tear with claws, to scratch. 

Clay, s. a tenacious kind of earth : v. to cover 
with clay. 

Clay'-cold, a. cold as clay, lifeless, dead. 

Clay'ey, a. consisting of clay ; like clay. 

Ciaylsh, a. partaking of the nature of clay. 

Clay'mavl, s. a whitish, smooth, chalky clay. 

Claymo're, s. a large two-handed Highland 
sword. 

Clean, a. free from dirt ; pure, innocent : v. 
to free from dirt, to cleanse : ad. quite. 

Cleanliness, Clean'ness, s. neatness, purity. 

Clean'ly, a. clean, pure, neat: ad. neatly, 
purely, dexterously. 

Cleanse, v. to free from dirt ; to purify. 

Cleans'ing, s. a purification. 
Clear, a. bright, pure, perspicuous ; free 
from stain ; innocent : v. to make bright ; 
to free from obscurity ; to remove any en- 
cumbrance ; to vindicate or free from im- 
putation or charges against character; to 
gain over and above all deductions. 
Clear'age, 5. the removing of any thing. 
Clearance, s. the act of clearing ; acquittal. 
Cleaning, s. justification ; defence. 
Clearly, ad. plainly, evidently. 



Clear'ness, s. transparency ; perspicuity. 
Clear'sighted, a. discerning, judicious. 
Clearsightedness, s. discernment. 
Clear'starch, v. to stiffen with starch. 
Cleave, v. to adhere, stick to ; divide, split. 
Cleav'er, s. an instrument for cleaving. 
Clef, s. a mark for the key in music. 
Cleft, s. an opening made by splitting. 
Cleui'eney, s. mercy, leniency, humanity. 
Clem'ent, a. mild, merciful, gentle. 
Clem'ently, ad. in a merciful manner. 
Clench, v' See Clinch. 
Clep'sydra, s. an ancient instrument to mea- 
sure time by the running of water. 
Cler'gy, s. the whole order or body of divines. 
Clergyable, a. the term applied to felonies 

within benefit of clergy. 
Cler'gyman, s. a person in holy orders. 
Cleric, S. a clergyman : a. relating to the 

character of a clergyman. 
Cler'ical, a. relating to the clergy, orthodox. 
Clerk, s. a clergyman ; a scholar ; a man of 

letters; a writer or bookkeeper ; one that 

reads the responses in church. 
Clerk'liko, a. like a clerk ; learned. 
Clerk'ship, *. scholarship ; office of a clerk. 
Clev'er, a. skilful, dexterous, ready, fit. 
Clev 'erly, ad. dexterously, ingeniously. 
Clev'erness, s. skill, knowledge, art. 
Clew, s. a ball of thread, &c. ; a guide. 
Clew, v. to draw np the sails to be furled. 
Clew-lines, s. ropes fastened to the sails. 
Click, v . to make a clicking noise. 
Cli'ent, s. one who employs an attorney ; 

originally a dependent or follower. 
Cliff, Clift, s. a steep rock ; a precipice. 
Cliffy, a. broken, craggy. 
Climac'ter, *. every seventh or ninth year. 
Climac'teric, s. and a. a certain mimber of 

years, atthe end of which somegreat change 

is supposed to befall the body. The grand 

climacteric is the 63rd year. 
Cli'mate, Clime, s. a region or tract of 

country ; temperature of the air. 
Cli'max, s. a rhetorical figure, in which tho 

ascent rises by gradation : ascent. 
Climb, v. to ascend any place. 
CJi'mber, s. one that climbs ; a plant. 
Clinch, v . to .grasp in the hand, to contract 

or double the fingers ; to rivet or bend tho 

point of a nail on the other side ; to fix 

firmly ; to confirm : s. a pun or word with 

a double meaning ; an ambiguity ; part of 

a cable. 
Clinch'er, s. a cramp, a holdfast ; a posing 

answer. 
Cling, v. to twine round ; to dry up. 
Cling'y, a. adhesive, apt to cling. 
Clin'ic, s. aperson confined inbeil by sickness. 
Clin'ic, Clinical, a. relating to a discourse 

upon a disease, made at the bedside of the 

patient. 
Clink, j. a sharp sound produced by the col- 
lision of small sonorous bodies: v. to sound 

or jingle like metal. 
Clip, v. to cut short, to embrace, confine. 
Clipper, s. a debaser of coin by clipping it. 
Clip'ping, j. tho part cut off: p. cutting. 
Clique, [Fr.] s. a party, gang, or set. 
Cloak, s. an outer garment, a cover ; a blind; 

v. to hide, conceal, cover over. 



CLO 

Clock, *. an instrument to show time ; the 

name of an insect ; a beetle. 
Clock'work, s. movement by weights or 

springs like that of a clock. 
Clod, s. a lump of earth or clay ; a dolt ; a 

clown : v. to gather into concretions. 
Clod'dy, a. consisting of earth or clods. 
Clod'pate, Clod'pole, s. a stupid fellow. 
Clod'pated, a. stupid ; dull. 
Clog, s. an encumbrance ; a weight ; a sort of 

shoo : v. to hinder, obstruct, encumber. 
Clog'giness, s. the state of being clogged. 
Clog'gy, a. that has the power of clogging up. 
Clois'ter, s. a place of religious retirement ; 

a square with piazzas : v. to shut up in a 

cloister. 
Clois'tcred, a. inhabiting a monastery. 
Close, v. to shut, conclude, confine, join. 
Close, s. a small field enclosed ; pause, end. 
Close, a. shut fast ; private ; secret ; cloudy. 
Clo'se-fisted, a. penurious. 
Clo'sely, ad. in a close, compact manner. 
Clo'scness, s. the state of being close. 
Clos'et, s. a small private room : v. to shut 

up in a closet ; to conceal. 
Clo sing, s. period ; conclusion. 
Clot, s. any thing clotted or coagulated ; a 

hard lump : v. to form clots, to coagulate. 
Cloth, s. linen or woollen woven for garments ; 

the covering for a table. 
Clothe, v. to cover with garments ; to dress. 
Clo'thier, s. a maker or seller of cloth. 
Clo'thing, Clothes, s. garments ; dress. 
Cfot'ted, p. and a. congealed, curdled. 
Clot'ty, a. full of clots or concretions. 
Cloud, v . to grow cloudy ; to obscure. 
Cloud, s. a body of vapors in the air. 
Cloud'capt, a. topped with clouds. 
Cloud'iness, s. being covered with clouds. 
Cloud'lcss, a. free from clouds, clear, pure. 
Cloud'y, a. obscure, gloomy, sullen. 
Clough, s. the cleft of a hill. 
Clout, s. a cloth for any mean use ; a patch ; 

a rude blow : v. to patch, to strike. 
Clout'ed, p. and a. patched ; also wrongly for 

clotted, as " clouted cream." 
Clove, s. a spice ; a grain or root of garlic. 
Clo'ven, p. and a. cleft, divided, separated. 
Clo'ven-foot, s. a foot divided into two parts. 
Clo'ven-footed, a. having the foot divided 

into two parts. 
Clo'ver, s. a species of trefoil. 
Clown, s. a rustic, ill-bred man ; a churl. 
Clown'ish, a. uncivil, awkward, ill-bred. 
Clowu'ishly, ad. coarsely ; rudely. 
Clown'ishness, s. rusticity, coarseness. 
Cloy, v. to surfeit, to glut, to sate. 
Club,*, a heavy stick; a society; a suit of cards. 
Club, v. to join in common expense. 
Club'- footed, a. having crooked feet. 
Club'-law, s. the law of force. 
Cluck, v. to call as a hen calls chickens. 
Clue. See Clew. 

Clump, s. a shapeless mass ; a cluster of trees. 
Clum'sily, ad. awkwardly ; without grace. 
Clum'siness, s. awkwardness, unhandiness. 
Clum'sy, a. awkward, heavy, ungainly. 
Clus'ter, s. a bunch, a collection ; v. to grow 

in bunches. 
Clutch, v. to grasp or gripe: *. tho gripo : 

pi. talons, hands. 



47 



coc 



Clut'ter, s. a noise, a bustle : v. to make a 
noise or bustle. 

Clut'tering, a. hurried, indistinct but noisy. 

Clys'ter, s. an injection. 

Coach, s. a carriage of state or pleasure. 

Coach/box, s. the driver's seat on a coach. 

Coach'man, s. the driver of a coach. 

Coadju'tor, s. an assistant, helper, ally. 

Coag'ulate, v. to curdle, to run into clots. 

Coagula'tion, s. the act of coagulating ; the 
body formed by coagulating. 

Coag'ulative, a. having power to coagulate. 

Coal, s. a mineral used for firing. 

Coal, v. to burn wood to charcoal. 

Coal'-black, a. black in the highest degree. 

Coal'box, s. a box to carry coals to tho fire. 

Coal-house, j. a house for keeping coal. 

Coal'-meter, s. one who superintends the 
measuring of coals. 

Coal-mine, s. a mine in which coal is dug. 

Coal'-pit, s. a pit for digging coals. 

Coalesce, v. to unite, to join together. 

Coales'cence, s. act of uniting together. 

Coali'tion, s. a union in one body ; junction. 

Coal'y, a. like coal, containing coal. 

Coarse, a. rude, gross, not fine, rough. 

Coars'cly, ad. meanly; rudely; inelegantly. 

Coars'eness, s. meanness, rudeness, rough- 
ness, want of delicacy. 

Co-assess'or. s. a joint assessor. 

Coast, s. an edge, bank, side, shore : v. to 
sail along or near to the coast. 

Coast'er, s. one that sails near the shore. 

Coast'ing-trade, s. trade carried on between 
different ports of the same .state. 

Coat, s. a man's upper garment ; the hair or 
covering of a beast : v. to cover, to over- 
spread. 

Coating, s. a covering ; cloth for coats. 

Coax, v. to wheedle, to entice, to flatter. 

Coax'cr, s. a wheedler, flatterer. 

Cob, s. a strong, stout pony. 

Co'balt, s. a kind of mineral. 

Cob'ble, v. to mend coarsely or clumsily. 

Cob'bler, s. a mender of shoes; a bungler. 

Cob'le, s. a small open fishing-boat. 

Cob'web, s. a spider's web : a. slight, flimsy. 

Cob'webbed, a. covered with webs of spiders. 

Cochineal', s. an insect used to dye scarlet. 

Cock, s. the male of birds : a spout to let out 
liquids ; part of a gun ; a heap of hay : v. to 
set up or fix ; to set up the hat. 

Cocka'de, s. a riband worn on a hat. 

Cock'ahoop, ad. in high mirth and jollity. 

Cockatoo', s. a bird of tho parrot kind. 

Cock'atrice, s. a kind of serpent. 

Cock'boat, s. a small boat belonging to a ship. 

Cock'ehafer, s. the tree-beetle. 

Cock'crowing, s. the break of day. 

Cock'er, v. to fondle, to pamper. 

Cock'erel, s. a young cock, a small cock. 

Cock'ering, *. indulgence. 

Cock'horse, a. on horseback ; triumphant. 

Coc'kle, s. a shellfish ; the weed darnel. 

Coc'kle, v. to contract into wrinkles like the 
shell of a cockle. 

Cock'loft, s. a room over a garret. 

Cock'ney, s. a citizen of London contempt- 
uously. 

Cock'pit, s. a place where cocks fight ; a 
place on the lower deck of a ship of war. 



COG 

Cock'roach, s. an insect resembling a beetle. 
Cocks'comb, s. the upper part of a cock's 

head ; the plant loboswort. See Coxcomb. 
Cock'spur, s. Virginian hawthorn. 
Cock'-sure, a. quite sure, very confident. 
Cock'swain, s. commander of the cock-boat. 
Co'coa, j. a kind of nut ; liquor made from it. 
Cocoon', s. the fibrous web round a chrysalis. 
Coc'tile, a. made by baking, as a brick. 
Coc'tion, s. the act of boiling ; digestion. 
Cod, s. a sea-fish ; the husk or case of seeds. 
Code, s. a book of the civil law ; a book. 
Codg'er, s. a miser ; a penurious fellow. 
Cod'icil, s. addition or supplement to a will. 
Codill'e, 5. a term in playing at ombre. 
Cod'le, v. to parboil. 
Cod'ling, s. a sort of early apple. 
Coef'ficacy, Coeffi"ciency, s. co-operation ; 

joint force of several things acting together. 
Coeffi"cient, a. that which unites in action 

■with something else : s. a term in algebra. 
Coeffi"ciently, ad. by co-operation. 
Coenip'tion,s. the act of buying up the whole. 
Coe'qual, a. equal with, in the samestate. 
Coequal'ity, s. the state of being equal. 
Coe'qually, ad. with joint equality. 
Coer'ce, v. to restrain by force, to check. 
Coer'cible, a. that may be restrained. 
Coer'cion, s. a restraint, force, check. 
Coer'cive, a. restraining by force. 
Coer'cively, ad. by constraint. 
Coessen'tial, a. partaking of the same essence. 
Coessential'ity, s. participation of the same 

essence. 
Coessen'tially, ad. in a coessential manner. 
Coeter'nal, a. equally eternal with another. 
Cooter'nity, s. joint eternity. 
Coe'val, a. being of the same age : s. a co- 
temporary of the same age. 
Coexec'utor, s. a joint executor. 
Coexist', v. to exist together, or at one time. 
Coexist'cnoe, s. existence at the same time. 
Coexist'ent, a. existing at the same time. 
Coextend', v . to make of equal extent. 
Coexten'sion, s. extending to the same space 

or duration with another. 
Coexten'sive, a. having the same extent. 
Coffee, s. the berry of an Arabian tree ; the 

liquor prepared from that berry. 
Coffee-house, s. a house of entertainment. 
Coffee-mill, s. a mill for grinding coffee. 
Ccf fer, J. a money-chest : v . to treasure up. 
Coffin, s. a chest to enclose a dead body : v. 

to enclose in a coffin. 
Cog, v. to flatter, to wheedle, to cheat, to lie. 
Cog, s. tooth of a wheel by which it acts. 
Co'gency, s. force, strength, power. 
Co'gent, a. forcible, resistless, convincing. 
Co'gently, ad. forcibly, irresistibly. 
Co"gitate, v. to think, to meditate. 
Cogita'tion, s. thought, meditation. 
Connate, a. born together, alike, allied. 
Co'gniae, s. the best kind of brandy. 
Cop r ui"tion, s. knowledge, conviction, trial. 
Cogn'izable, a. proper or liable to be tried 

or examined. 
Cogn'izance, s. a judicial notice. 
Cogn'izant, a. having knowledge of. 
Cogno'men, [Lat.] s. a surname ; a family 

name. 
Cognoscen'te, [Ital.] s. a connoisseur. 



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Cognoscibil'ity, s. the being cognoscible, 

Cognos'cible, a. that may be known. 

Cog'wheel, s. a wheel with cogs or teeth. 

Cohab'it, v. to live together. 

Cohab'itant, s. one living in the same place. 

Cohabita'tion, s. the act or state of cohabit- 
ing. 

Coheir', s. a joint heir with other persons. 

Coheir'ess, s. a woman who is a joint heiress. 

Cohe're, v. to stick together, to agree, to fit. 

Cohe'rence, Cohe'reney, s. connexion. 

Cohe'rent, a. sticking together, consistent. 

Cohe'rently, ad. in a coherent manner. 

Cohe'sible, a. capable of cohesion. 

Cohe'sion, s. the act or state of cohering. 

Cohe'sive, a. having a sticking quality. 

Cohe'sively, ad. in a connected manner. 

Cohe'siveness, s. the quality of being cohesive. 

Co'hort, s. a troop of soldiers. 

Coif, s. a head-dress, a cap. 

Coigne, Coin, *. a corner, a quoin. 

Coil, v. to roll up a rope ; to wind in a ring : 
s. rope wound into a ring ; a turmoil ; a 
tumult. 

Coin, s. money stamped by authority. 

Coin, v. to make money ; to forge -, invent. 

Coin'age, s. the practice of coining ; coin. 

Coinci'de, v. to agree with, to concur. 

Coin'cidence, *. an agreement, concurrence. 

Coin'cidcnt, a. agreeing with, united. 

Coin'er, s. a maker of money ; an inventor. 

Coi"tion, s. a going together. 

Cojoin', v. to join with another. 

Coke, s. a cinder made from pit-coal. 

Col'ander, s. a straining vessel ; a sieve. 

Cold, a. not hot ; chill ; frigid ; without pas- 
sion, reserved, coy: *. coldness; a disorder. 

Cold-blooded, a. without feeling. 

Cold-hearted, a. wanting passion. 

Cold-heart'edness, s. want of feeling. 

Co'ldish, a. rather cold ; reserved ; shy. 

Co'ldly, ad. without animation; coolly. 

Co'ldness, s. want of heat ; indifference. 

Cole, s. all sorts of cabbage. 

Co'lewort, s. a sort of cabbage. 

Col'ic, s. a distemper affecting the bowels. 

Collap'se, v. to fall together ; to shrink up. 

Collap'sed, a. withered; fallen down. 

Coi'lar, s. something worn about the neck : 
v. to seize by the collar or throat. 

Col'lar-bone, *". the clavicle. 

Colla'te, v. to lay together and compare : to 
examine that nothing be wanting ; to place 
in an ecclesiastical benefice. 

Collat'eral, a. side by side ; not direct. 

Collaterally, ad. in collateral relation. 

Colla'tion, s. a repast ; the act of placing in 
a benefice ; comparison. 

Colla'tive, a. able to collate or confer. 

Colla'tor, s. one who collates. 

Col'league, s. a partner or associate in office : 
v. to unite with. 

Collect', v. to gather together ; to infer. 

Col'lect, s. a short comprehensive prayer. 

Collect'ed, a. cool, firm, prepared. 

Collect'edly, ad. in one view ; coolly. 

Collect'edness, s. recovery from surprise. 

Collec'tion, s. things gathered ; a conclusion 

Collec'tive, a. accumulative, apt to gather. 

Collect'ively, ad. in a body ; wholly. 

Collect'or, s. a gatherer ; a tax-gatherer. 



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Cellect'orship, s. office of a collector. 

College, s. ;i seminary or school for learn- 
ing ; a society tor promoting the arts and 
sciences. 

Collc'gian, s. a member of a college. 

Colle'giate, a. instituted after the manner 
of a college. 

Colli'de, v. to clash, to strike together. 

Col'licr, s. a digger of coals ; a coal-ship. 

Colliery, s. the place where coals are dug. 

Colligate, v. to hind together. 

Colliga'tion, *: the act of binding together. 

Collis'ion, s. act of striking together, a clash. 

Collocate, v. to place, to station, to fix. 

Colloca'tion, 5. the act or state of placing. 

Col'Iop, s. a small cut or slice of meat. 

Collo'quial, a. relating to conversation. 

Col'loquist, s. a speaker in a dialogue. 

Colloquy, s. a conference, a dialogue. 

Collu'de, v. to codsj tire in a fraud. 

Collu'sion, .?. a secret agreement for a frau- 
dulent purpose. 

Collu'sive, a. fraudulent, deceitful. 

Collu'sively, ad. in a fraudulent manner. 

Col'Jy, v. to grime with coal, to soil. 

Colon, a-, tins point (:), used to mark a pause 
greater than that of a semicolon, and less 
than that of a period ; the greatest and 
widest of the intestines. 

Col'onel, s. the commander of a regiment. 

Col'onelcy, s. the office of a colonel. 

Colo'nial, a. relating to a colony. 

Col'onize, v. to supply with inhabitants. 

Col'onist, s. a settler in a colony. 

Colonization, .1. forming colonies. 

Colonna'dc, s. a range of pillars or columns. 

Col'ony, s. a body of pcoplo drawn from the 
mother country to inhabit some distant 
place ; the country so planted. 

Col'ophon, s. the conclusion of a book. 

Colos'sal, Colossc'an, a. gigantic. 

Colosse'um, s. a spacious amphitheatre at 
Rome ; a building of huge proportions. 

Colos'sus, s. a gigantic statue. 

Col'or, Col'our, s. hue, dye, tint. ; a pretence ; 
v. to dye ; to tinge ; to blush ; to cloak. 

Col'ourable, a. specious, plausible. 

Col'ourably, ad. speciously, plausibly. 

Col'ouring, *. an ait in painting; an excuse. 

Col'ourless, «. without color ; transparent. 

Col'ours, s. a banner, flag, streamer. 

Colt, s. a young horse ; an inexperienced 
person. 

Colt's-foot, s. a plant ; a flower. 

Colter, s. the sharp iron of a plough. 

Col'umbary, s. a dove or pigeon house. 

Col'umbine, s. a plant ; the name of the 
principal female performer in a panto- 
mime. 

Col'umn, *. a round pillar; a file of troops. 

Colum'nar, a. formed in columns. 

Colu'res, s. pi. two imaginary circles passing 
through the poles, and the equinoctial 
and solstitial points. 

Co-ma'tc, s. a companion, an associate. 

Comb, s. a valley surrounded with hills, 

Comb, s. an instrument for the hair ; the 
crest of a cock ; the cavities in which bees 
lodge their honey. 

Comb, v. to divide and adjust, to smooth. 

Com'bat, s. a battle, duel, contest. 



Com'bat, v. to fight, to resist, to oppose. 

Com'batant, Com'bater, s. one who fights. 

Com'batant, a. disposed to quarrel. 

Co'mber, s. one whose trade is to comb wool. 

Combi'nable, a. capable of being united with. 

Combina'tion, s. a conspiracy, an association. 

Combi'ne, v. to unite, to agree, to join. 

Combustibility, s. quality of catching fire. 

Combus'tible, a. capable of taking fire. 

Combus'tible, s. that which easily takes fire. 

Combus'tion, s . the act of burning. 

Come, v. to draw near, to happen. 

Come'dian, s. actor of comic parts, a player. 

Com'edy, s. a laughable dramatic piece. 

Com'eliness, s. becomingness, grace, beauty. 

Com'ely, a. graceful, decent, handsome. 

Com'et, s. a heavenly body with a luminous 
train and eccentric motion. 

Com'fit, s. a dry sweetmeat, a confection. 

Com'fort, v. to strengthen, to console, to ease : 
j. consolation, support ; joy. 

Com'fortable, a. dispensing or giving com- 
fort ; cheerful, commodious. 

Com'fortableness, s. a state of comfort. 

Com'fortably, ad. in a comfortable manner. 

Com'fortcr, s. on" that gives consolation. 

Com'fortless, a. without comfort, forlorn. 

Com'frey, *. a me..ie.aal plant. 

Comic, a. raising mirth, relating to comedy . 

Comical, a. diverting, merry, queer. 

Comically, a. in a comical manner. 

Comlcalness, ». the quality of being comical. 

Coming, s. an arrival, a drawing near. 

Coming-in, s. entrance ; revenue or income. 

Com'ma, s. a point marked thus (,). 

Comma'nd, v. to govern, to order, to lead as 
a general : s. right of commanding, autho- 
rity ; order given. 

Commandant', s. a chief in command. 

Comma'ndatory, a. having command. 

Comma'nder, *. a chief, one in authority. 

Comma'nding, a. controlling ; powerful. 

Comma'ndingly, ad. in a commanding 01 
powerful manner. 

Comman'dment, *. a mandate, command. 

Commem'orate, a. to preserve the memory of ; 
to celebrate solemnly. 

Commemora'tion, s. act of public celebration. 

Commem'orati've, a. tending to preserve, re- 
membrance. 

Commen'ce, a. to begin, to enter upon. 

Commen'cement, s. a beginning, date. 

Commend', a. to recommend as worthy. 

Commend'able, Com'mendable, a. laudable, 
praiseworthy. 

Commend'ableness, s. state of being com- 
mendable. 

Commend'ably, ad. laudably. 

Commend'am, s. a vacant benefice held by 
some person till a pastor is provided. 

Commenda'tion, s. praise, recommendation. 

Commend'atory, a. containing praise. 

Commen'sal, s. one that eats at the same 
table. 

Commen'surable, a. reducible to a commoD 
measure ; equal, coextensive. 

Commen'suratc, a. equal, proportional. 

Com'ment, s. annotation ; note ; remark. 

Com'ment, Comment', v. to write notes on ; 
to expound, to make remarks on. 

Com'mentary, s. an exposition, annotation. 
D 



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Commenta'tor, *. an expositor or annotator. 

Com'merce, s. trade, traffic ; intercourse. 

Com'merce, Commerce', v . to traffic, to hold 
intercourse with. 

Commer'cial, a. relating to trade, trading. 

Commer'cially, ad. in a commercial view. 

Commigra'tion, s. a general emigration. 

Commina'tion, s. a threat of punishment. 

Comin'atory, a. denunciatory ; threatening. 

Commin'gle, v. to unite one with another. 

Comminu'tion, s. the act of grinding or re- 
ducing to small parts ; pulverization. 

Commis'erate, v. to pity ; to compassionate. 

Commisera'tion, s. pity, sympathy. 

Commis'erative, a. compassionate. 

Commissa'riat, s. the body of officers attend- 
ing an army, who regulate the procuration 
and conveyance of ammunition and provi- 
sions. 

Com'missary, s. an officer who has the charge 
of furnishing provisions, &c. for an army. 

Commission, s. a trust, warrant, charge. 

Commis'sion, v. to empower, to entrust. 

Commis'sioner, s. one empowered to act. 

Commit', v. to give in trust, to deliver to ; to 
send to prison ; to perpetrate ; to pledge. 

Commit'ment, s. the act of committing. 

Committal, s. commitment, sending to prison. 

Commit'tee, s. a certain number of persons 
selected to examine or manage any matter. 

Commix', v. to mingle, to blend, to unite. 

Commix'ture, s. the act of mingling ; a com- 
pound. 

Commo'dious, a. convenient, suitable, useful. 

Commo'diously, ad. conveniently. 

Commo'diousness, s. convenience, use. 

Commod'ity, s. interest, profit, merchandise. 

Com'modore, s. a captain commanding a 
squadron of ships of war. 

Com'mon, a. belonging to many, general, 
usual, vulgar, mean. 

Com'mon, s. a tract of ground to which 
several people have a common or joint 
right : v. to share together. 

Com'monage, s. right of feeding on a common. 

Com'monalty, s. the common people. 

Common-coun'cil, s. the council of a city or 
corporate town, consisting of certain inha- 
bitants elected to assist the mayor and 
aldermen. 

Com'moner, s. amember of parliament; a stu- 
dent of the second rank at the universities. 

Common-hall, 5. the building in which citi- 
zens meet to transact public business. 

Com'monly, ad. frequently, usually. 

Commonpla'ce, a. ordinary, trite. 

Commonpla'ce-book, s. a book in which 
things to be remembered are ranged under 
general heads. 

Com'mons, s. pi. the common people ; the 
lower house of parliament ; food at a com- 
mon table. 

Commonweal', s. the public good. 

Commonwealth', s. a republic ; tho state. 

Commotion, s. a tumult, a disturbance. 

Comm'une, v. to converse, to impart senti- 
ments mutually. 

Communicabil'ity, s. the being communi- 
cable. 

Commu'nicable, a. that may be communi- 
cated or imparted. 



Commu'nicant, s. one who receives the i 
ment of the Lord's Supper. 

Commu'nicate, v. to impart, to reveal ; to 
receive the Lord's Supper. 

Communica'tion, s. the act of imparting or 
exchanging ; conference ; conversation ; in- 
tercourse ; a common inlet or passage. 

Commu'nicative, a. ready to impart ; frank. 

Commu'nicativeness, 5. the being communi- 
tive, readiness to impart. 

Commu'ning, s. the act of talking together. 

Commu'nion, s. celebration of the Lord's 
Supper; fellowship, union, intercourse. 

Commu'nity, s. the commonwealth, the body 
politic, a common possession. 

Commu'table, a. that may be exchanged. 

Commuta'tion, s. change of one thing for 
I another, alteration, ransom. 
| Commu'te, v. to exchange, to buy off. 
| Com'pact, s. a contract, mutual agreement. 

Compact', a. firm, close, solid. 

Compact'ly, ad. closely put together. 

Compact'ness, s. closeness, firmness, density. 

Compan'ion, s. a partner, an associate, a mate. 

Compan'ionable, a. sociable ; agreeable. 

Companionship, s. fellowship ; association. 

Company, s. a number of persons assembled 
together ; fellowship ; a society ; a body 
corporate ; a small body of foot soldiers. 

Com'parable, a. that may be compared with ; 
of equal regard. 

Comparative, a. estimated by comparison. 

Comparatively, ad. in a comparative manner. 

Compa're, v. to liken or examine one thing 
by another, to estimate : s. comparison, 
similitude. 
j Comparison, s. the act of comparing, a com- 
parative estimate ; simile in writing. 

Compart'ment, s. separate part, a division. 

Com'pass, v. to encircle, to surround ; to 
contrive ; to obtain. 

Com'pass, *. a circle, space, limits ; extent 
or power of the voice in singing ; the mag- 
netic apparatus for steering ships by ; an 
instrument for describing circles, generally 
called compasses. 

Compas'sion, s. pity, commiseration. 

Compas'sionate, a. merciful, tender: *. t» 
pity, to commiserate. 

Compatibil'ity, s. consistency, suitableness. 

Compatible, a. consistent with, suitable to. 

Compatibleness, s. consistency, suitableness. 

Compatibly, ad. fitly ; suitably. 

Compa'triot, s. one of the same country. 

Compeer', s. an equal, companion, colleague. 

Compel', v. to force, to constrain. 

Compellable, a that may be forced. 

Com'pend, s. an epitome; a summary. 

Compen'dious, a. brief, concise. 

Compen'diousness, s. shortness ; brevity. 

Compe,n'dium, s. an abridgment, an epitome 

Compensate, Com'pensate, v. to make amend* 
for, to recompense. ' 

Compensa'tion, s. a recompense, amends. 

Compensatory, a. serving to recompense. 

Compete', v. to contend in rivalry with. 

Com'petence, Com'petency, s. sufficiency. 

Com'petent, a. fit, qualified, adequate. 

Competently, ad. adequately, suitably. 

Competition, s. rivalry, a contest. 

Competitor, *. a rival, an opponent 



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Competltory, a. pursuing the same object. 

Compila'tion, s. a collection, an assemblage. 

Compila'tor, s. a compiler, a collector. 

Compi'le, v. to collect from various authors. 

Compi'lement, s. the act of compiling. 

Compi'ler, s. one who compiles. 

Compla'cency, s. pleasure, mildness, civility. 

Compla'cent, a. civil, affable, kind. 

Compla'cently, ad. in a soft or easy manner. 

Complain', v. to murmur, lament, inform. 

Coniplair/ant, s. a plaintiff in a lawsuit. 

Complain'er, s. one who complains. 

Complain'ing, s. expression of sorrow. 

Complaint', s. an accusation against ; a 
lamentation ; a malady or disease. 

Complaisa'nce, s. courteousness ; civility. 

Com'plaisant, a. civil, obliging, kind, polite. 

Com'plaisantly, ad. civilly, politely. 

Com'plement, s. the full number. 

Complemen'tal, a. filling up, completing. 

Comple'te, a. perfect, full, finished : V. to 
finish, to perfect. 

Completely, ad. fully: perfectly. 

Comple'teinent, s. the act of completing. 

Completeness, S. complete state ; perfection. 

Completion, s. accomplishment, fulfilling. 

Com'plex, a. compounded of many parts. 

Complexion, s. the hue or color of the 
face ; the temperament of the body. 

Complex'ional, a. pertaining to the com- 
plexion. 

Complex'ioned, a. constituted : tempered. 

Complexity, s. state of being complex. 

Com'plexness, s. the state of being involved. 

Compliance, s. submission, act of yielding. 

Compli'ant, a. yielding, bending, civil. 

Com'plicacy, 5. the state of being intricate. 

Com'plicate, a. compounded of many parts : 
v. to entangle, to involve. 

Complication, s. a mixture of many things. 

Com'pliment, s. an act of civility : v . to 
pass compliments ; to flatter. 

Complimen'tal, a. implying a compliment. 

Complimentary, a. expressing respect or 
civility. 

Com'plot, 5. a conspiracy ; a plotting to- 
gether : v. to plot, to conspire. 

Comply 7 , v. to yield to, to agree with. 

Compo'nent, a. constituting, forming : s. an 
elementary part of a compound body. 

Comport', v. to bear, to endure, to behave. 

Comport'nient, s. behaviour, demeanour. 

Compo'se, v. to put together, to form a com- 
pound ; to write as an author ; to calm, to 
settle. 

Compo'sed, p. and a. calm, sedate, serious. 

CompoSedly, ad. calmly ; sedately. 

Compo'sedness, s. sedateness ; tranquillity. 

Compo'ser, s. an author, a writer. 

Composite, a. in architecture, the composite 
order is the last of the five orders of co- 
lumns, so named because its capital is 
composed out of those of the other orders. 

Composi'ti<m, s. the act of composing ; the 
thing composed ; a mixture ; a written 
work ; agreement ; discharging a debt by 
paying part. 

Compos'itor, s. one who sets up or arranges 

the letters for printing. 
Com'post, S. a mixture ; manure. 
Compo'sure, s. sedateness, calmness. 



Compota'tion, s. the act of drinking together. 

Compound', v. to mingle, to combine ; to ad- 
just ; to come to terms with a debtor. 

Com'pound, .y. a mass of ingredients ; a word 
formed from two or more words ; a. not 
simple, more than one. 

Comprehend', v. to include, to conceive. 

Comprehen'sible, a. intelligible, conceivable 

Comprehen'sibleness, s. intelligibleness. 

Comprehen'sibly, ad. intelligibly. 

Comprehen'sion, s. knowledge, capacity. 

Comprehensive, a. comprising much. 

Comprehensiveness, s. the quality of includ- 
ing much in a few words. 

Compress', v. to press together, to condense. 

Compressibil'ity, s. the quality of being 
compressible. 

Compres'siblo, a. yielding to pressure. 

Compression, s. the act of compressing. 

Compressive, a. capable of compressing. 

Compres'sure, s. the act of pressing against. 

Compri'se, v. to contain, to include. 

Com'promise, s. a compact or bargain : v. to 
settle a dispute by mutual concessions. 

Com'promiser, s. he who makes concession. 

Comptroller, s. See Controller. 

Compul'satory, a. compelling, forcing. 

Compul'sion, s. the act of compelling, force. 

Compul'sive, Compul'sory, a. forcing. 

Compulsively, ad. by force : by violence. 

Compul'sorily, ad. in a forcible manner. 

Compunc'tion, s. repentance, remorse. 

Compurga'tion, s. a vouching for another. 

Compurgator, s. one who bears testimony to 
the innocence of another. 

Compu'table, a. that may be numbered up. 

Computa'tion, s. a calculation, an estimate. 

Compu'te, v. to calculate, to reckon. 

Compu'ter, s. a calculator. 

Com'rade, s. a companion, an associate. 

Con, an abbreviation of contra, against. 

Con, v. to think over, to commit to memory. 

Concatena'tion, s. a regular series of links. 

Con'cave, a. hollow : *. a cavity. 

Conceal', v. to hide, to keep secret. 

Conceal'able, a. that may be kept secret. 

Conceal'ment, s. the act of hiding, shelter. 

Conce'de, v . to admit, to grant, to yield. 

Conceit', s. conception, fancy, idea, imagina- 
tion, opinion, opiniative pride : v. to form 
a notion, to fancy, to imagine. 

Conceit'ed, a. opiniative, affected. 

Conceit'edly, ad. fancifully ; affectedly. 

Conceit'edness, s. pride ; opinionativeness. 

Conceiv'able, a. that may be conceived. 

Conceiv'ably, ad. in a conceivable manner. 

Concei've, v. to become pregnant, to think, 
to understand, to comprehend. 

Coneen'trate, v. to bring to a point. 

Concentration, S. the act of concentrating. 

Concen'tre, v. to tend to a common centre. 

Concen'tric, a. having one common centre. 

Concep tion, *. the act of conceiving, a notion 
or idea. 

Concern', s. an affair, business, care, anxiety : 
v. to belong to ; to affect; to make anxious. 

Concerning, prep, relating to or about. 

Concern'ment, s. a concern, business, care. 

Concert', v. to contrive, to settle privately. 

Con'cert, s. agreement ; accordance ; har- 
mony ; a musical entertainment. 

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52 



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Concerta'tion, s. strife ; contention. 

Concerto, [Ital.] *. a piece of music 

ConcesSion, s. a thing yielded, a grant. 

Concessive, a. implying concession. 

Conces'sively, ad. by way of concession. 

Conch, s. a shell ; name of a fish. 

Conchol'ogist, s. a connoisseur in shells. 

Conchol'ogy, s. the natural history of shells. 

Conciliate, v. to reconcile, to gain over. 

Conciliation, s. the act of reconciling. 

Concilia'tor, s. a peace-maker, a friend. 

Conciliatory, a. tending to reconciliation. 

Conci'se, a. brief, short, contracted. 

Conci'sely, ad. briefly ; shortly. 

Conciseness, s. shortness, brevity, force. 

Conclama'tion, s. a great shout or outcry. 

Con'clave, s. an assembly of cardinals ; a. a 
close or private assembly. 

Conclu'de, v. to shut, to finish, to determine. 

Conclusion, s. the close, the end; an in- 
ference. 

Conclusive, a. decisive, convincing. 

Conclusiveness, s. the being conclusive. 

Concoct', v. to digest ; to mature. 

Concoc'tion, s. digestion in the stomach. 

Concomitance, Concom'itancy, s. a subsist- 
ing together ; a state of joint subsistence. 

Concomitant, a. accompanying, joined to: 
s. an accompanying circumstance. 

Concomitantly, ad. concurrently. 

Con'cord, s. agreement, union, harmony. 

Concord', v. to agree with. 

Concordance, s. an' index to the Scriptures. 

Concor'dancy, s. agreement. 

Concor'dant, a. agreeing ; harmonious. 

Concor'dantly, ad. in conjunction. 

Concor'dat, s. a compact, a convention. 

Con'course, s. a great number of persons as- 
sembled together ; a meeting. 

Concres'ccnce, s. the act of growing by the 
union of separate particles. 

Concre'te, a. formed by concretion ; not ab- 
stract ; not separated from its subject: s. a 
mass formed by concretion : v. to form by 
concretion. 

Concre'tion, s. a union of parts, a mass. 

Concre'tive, a. causing to concrete. 

Concu'binage, *. the act or state of living 
with a woman, not being married to her. 

Con'cubine, s. a woman kept in fornication. 

Concu'piscence, s. irregular desire ; lust. 

Concur', v. to agree in one opinion. 

Concur'rence, s. agreement, union. 

Concurrent, a. acting in conjunction. 

Concurrently, ad. in a concurrent manner. 

Coneus'sion, s. tho act of shaking, agitation. 

C&ndem'n, v. to pass sentence on, to blame. 

Condem'nable, a. blamable, culpable. 

Condemnation, s. a sentence of punishment. 

Condem'natory, a. implying condemnation. 

CondenSable, a. capable of condensation. 

Conden'sate, v. to make thick or dense. 

Condensation, s. the act of thickening. 

CondenSe, v. to make thick or dense. 

CondenSer, s. he, or that which condenses ; 
a vessel for condensing air. 

Condescend', v. to descend from the privileges 
of superior rank or dignity ; to yield, to stoop. 

Condescend'enoe, s. voluntary submission to 
equality with inferiors. 

Condescending, a. yielding; courteous, kind. 



Condescend'ingly, ad. by way of concession ; 
courteously. 

Condescension, s. submission, courtesy. 

Condi'gn, a. deserved, merited, suitable. 

Con'dimont, s. seasoning, sauce, zest. 

Condf'tion, s. state; quality; temper; rank ; 
stipulation ; terms of contract. 

Condi'lional, a. containing or depending on 
conditions ; not absolute. 

Conditionally, ad. with certain limitations. 

Condol'atory, a. expressing condolence. 

Condole, v. to lament or mourn with. 

Condo'lement, s. sympathy for anotherS 
sorrow. 

Condolence, *. grief for anotherS sorrow. 

Condoling, s. expression of condolence. 

Con'dor, *. a large kind of vulture. 

Condu'ce, v. to lead or tend ; to promote 

Condu'cement, 5. a leading to, a tendency. 

Condu'cent, a. tending to, contributing. 

Condu'cible, a. having the power of conduc- 
ing, tending to, or promoting. 

Condu'ciblcness, s. contributing to any end. 

Condu'cive, a. promoting, helping. 

Condu'civencss, s. the quality of conducing. 

Con'duct, s. management ; guidance ; be- 
haviour ; economy. 

Conduct', v. to guide ; to manage ; to behave. 

Conduc'tor, s. a leader, a director, a chief. 

Con'duit, s. a water-pipe, a canal, a duct. 

Cone, s. a solid body, of which the base is a 
circle, and the summit a point ; the fruit 
of the fir-tree. 

Confab'ulate, v. to chat with. 

Con'fect, s. a confection or sweetmeat. 

Confect', v. to preserve with sugar. 

Confec'tion, s. a sweetmeat, a mixture. 

Confec'tionary, s. a preparation of sweetmeats. 

Confec'tioner, s. one who makes sweetmeats. 

Confed'eracy, s. a league ; federal compact. 

Confed'erate, v. to join in a league : a. united 
in a league : s. an ally or accomplice. 

Confederation, s. close alliance, union. 

Confer, v. to discourse with ; to bestow. 

Con'ference, s. a formal discourse. 

Confess', v. to acknowledge, to avow. 

Confessedly, ad. avowedly, indisputably. 

Confes'sion, s. avowal, acknowledgment. 

Confes'sional, s. the box in which the con- 
fessor sits to hear confession. 

Confess'or, s. one who hears confessions. 

Confidant', s. mas. Confidante', s.fem. a per- 
son trusted with a secret ; a bosom friend. 

Confi'de, v. to trust in, to rely upon. 

Con'fidcnce, s. assurance, boldness, trust. 

Con'fident, a. positive, daring, impudent. 

Confidential, a. trusty, faithful ; private. 

Con'fidently, a. without doubt or fear. 

Configura'tion, s. the form of various part* 
adapted to each other. 

Confi'nable, a. that may be limited. 

Con'fine, s. a limit, border, boundary. 

Confi'ne, v. to bound or limit ; to imprison. 

Confi'neless, a. boundless ; without end. 

Confinement, s. restraint, imprisonment. 

Confirm', v. to make firm ; to establish ; to 
ratify ; to admit fully into Christian com- 
munion. 

Confirm'able, a. capable of being proved. 

Confirma'tion, $. tho act of establishing ; a 
I proof or convincing testimony ; a church 



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53 



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rite by which baptized persons are confirm- 
ed in the faith. 

Confirm'ative, a. having power to confirm. 

Confirmatory, a. affording additional proof. 

Confiscate, v. to forfeit to the public trea- 
sury : a. forfeited to the state. 

Confiscation, s. the act of adjudging the 
goods of criminals to public use. 

Confis'catory, a. consigning to forfeiture. 

Con'fituro See Com'fiture. 

Conflagration, s. a general fire or burning. 

Confla'tion, s. the act of blowing many in- 
struments together ; or of many fires in the 
casting of metals. 

Conflict', v. to fight, to contest, to strive. 

Con'flict, s. a contest, struggle, agony. 

Con'fluence, s. the junction or union of several 
streams ; a multitude of people. 

Con'fluent, a. running into one channel. 

Con'fiux, s. a joining of currents, a crowd. 

Conform', v. to comply with, to yield, to suit. 

Conform'ablc, a. agreeable ; suitable. 

Conform'ably, ad. agreeably; suitably. 

Conforma'tion, s. a proper disposition of 
parts as relating to each other. 

Conform'ist, s. one who complies with the | 
established forms of the church. 

Conform'ity, s. resemblance ; consistency. 

Confound', v. to mix, to perplex, to disturb. ! 

Confound'edly, ad. shamefully, hatefully. 

Confound'er, s. one who confounds. 

Confratcr'nity, s. a religious brotherhood. 

Confront', v. to face, to oppose, to compare. 

Confu'se, v. to confound, to perplex, to mix. 

Confu'sedly, ad. indistinctly ; with agitation. 

Confu'sodness, s. want of distinctness. 

Confu'sion, s. disorder, hurry, astonishment. 

Confutable, it. that which maybe disproved. 

Confutation, s. the act of confuting. 

Confute, v. to convict of error, to disprove. 

Confu'ter, s. one who confutes another. 

Conge', [Fr.] s. a bow or act of reverence ; 
leave ; farewell. 

Congo'-d'eli're, s. the sovereign's permission 
to a dean and chapter to choose a bishop. 

Congeal', v. to freeze", to grow stiff. 

Congeal'able, a. that which may be frozen. 

Congeal'ment, s. a mass formed by frost. 

Congela'tion, s. the act of turning fluids to 
solids by cold. 

Conge'nial, a. of the same nature , kindred. 

Congeniality, s. state of being congenial. 

Con'gcr, s. a kind of sea-eel. 

Conge'ries, s. a mass of small bodies. 

Congest', v. to heap or lay up, to amass. 

Congestion, s. a collection of humours. 

Conglob'ulate, v. to gather together into a 
round mass. 

Conglomerate, v. to gather into a ball, as of ' 
thread : a. gathered into a round mass: s. 
a sort of sandstone. 

Conglomeration, s. a collection, mixture. 

Con'gou, S. a fine sort of black tea. 

Congratulate, v. to wish joy to, to compli- 
ment on any happy event. 

Congratulation, s. a wishing of joy. 

Congratulatory, a. expressing joy. 

Con'gregate, v. to assemble; to meet together. 

Congregation, s. a collection, an assembly. 

Congregational, a. pertaining to a congrega- 
tion ; also to the sect of independents. 



Congrega'tionalist, s. one who belongs to an 
independent or congregational church. 

Con'gress, s. a meeting, an assembly. 

Con'gruence, s. agreement, fitness. 

Con'gruent, a. agreeing, suitable. 

Congru'ity, s. fitness, consistency. 

Con'gruous, a. fit, suitable, agreeable. 

Con'gruously, ad. suitably ; consistently. 

Con'ic, Con'ical, a. like a cone 

Con'ically, ad. in form of a cone. 

Con'ics, s. the doctrine of conic sections. 

Coniferous, a. bearing cones, as the fir. 

Conjec'tural, a. depending on conjecture. 

Conjec'turally, ad. by guess. 

Conjec'ture, s. a guess, supposition, idea : v 
to guess, to suppose. 

Conjoin', v. to unite or join together. 

Conjoint', a. united ; associated. 

Conjoint'ly, ad. in union, jointly. 

Con'jugal, a. belonging to marriage. 

Con'jugally, ad. matrimonially. 

Conjugate, v. to join, to unite, to vary a verb 
according to its tenses, &c. 

Conjugation, s. the form of inflecting verbs; 
union, assemblage. 

Conjunct', a. connected, united, conjoined. 

Conjunction, *. a union ; an astronomical 
term ; a connecting word. 

Conjunctive, a. uniting, connecting. 

Conjunc'tively, ad. in union; together. 

Conjunctly, ad. jointly ; in conjunction. 

Conjuncture, s. a critical or peculiar time. 

Conjura'tion, s. the act of conjuring. 

Conju'ro, v. to enjoin solemnly, to conspire; 
to bind by an oath. 

Con'jure, v. to practise enchantments. 

Con'jurer, .f. a magician, a fortune-teller. 

Connect', v. to join, to unite. 

Connec'tion, Connex'ion, s. a joining things 
together ; union ; participation. 

Connective, a. having the power of connect- 
ing: s. a word that connects. 

Connective] y, ad. together ; jointly. 

Conni've, v. to wink at a fault. 

Conni'vancoj s. the act of winking at a fault ; 
voluntary bjindness to a fault. 

Connoisseur', s. a critic, a judge of the arts. 

Connu'bial, a. relating to marriage. 

Con"quer, v. to subdue, to overcome. 

Con"qucrablc, a. that may be conquered. 

Con"queror, s. one who conquers, a victor. 

Con"quest, s. victory ; a thing gained by 
conquest. 

Consanguin'ity, a. relationship by blood. 

Con'scicnce, .?. the faculty by which we judge 
of the rectitude or wickedness of our own 
actions ; justice, honesty. 

Conscientious, a. scrupulous, just, exact. 

Conscientiously, ad. according to tho dictates 
of conscience. 

Conscien'tiousness, s. tenderness of con- 
science, strict regard to justice or equity. 

Con'scionable, a. proper, reasonable. 

Con'scionably, ad. reasonably ; justly. 

Con'sciotis, a. inwardly persuaded ; privy to. 

Consciously, ad. with inward persuasion. 

Consciousness, s. perception, internal sense 
of the guilt or innocence of our actions. 

Con'script, a. written down or enrolled with 
otli ors. This term was applied to the en- 
rolled members of tho Roman Senate. 



COtt 



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Con'script, s. one enrolled to serve in the 
army; more particularly applied to soldiers 
drawn by lot for the French armies. 

Conscrip'tion, s.an enrolling or registering. 

Con'secrate, v. to make sacred, to dedicate : | 
a. consecrated, devoted. 

Consecra'tion, s. the act of consecrating. 

Consec'utive, a. following in order, succeed- 
ing each other uninterruptedly. 

Consec'utive] y, ad. following regularly. 

Consent', s. agreement : v. to agree to. 

Consen'tient, a. uniting in opinion. 

Con'sequence, s. an effect ; importance ; in- 
fluence. 

Consequent, a. following as an effect : s. an 
effect, an inference. 

Consequen'tial, a. following as the effect ; 
important ; conceited ; pompous. 

Consequentially, ad. by consequence ; 
haughtily. 

Con'sequently, ad. by consequence, there- 
fore, necessarily, inevitably. 

Conserva'tion, s. the act of preserving. 

Conserv'ative, a. having power to preserve : 
s. one opposed to changes in the state. 

Conserva'tor, *. a preserver ; one that has 
the keeping of any thing from detriment. 

Conservatory, s. a place where any thing is 
preserved ; a greenhouse : a. having power 
to preserve. 

Conserv'e, v. to preserve or candy fruit. 

Con'serve, s. a sweetmeat, preserved fruit. 

Consid'er, v. to doubt, to study, to examine. 

Considerable, a. worthy to be considered ; 
of some importance. 

Considerably, ad. importantly, much. 

Consid'erate, a. prudent, thoughtful. 

Considerately, ad. prudently, calmly. 

Consideration, s. the act of considering ; 
serious thought ; prudence ; importance ; 
regard ; compensation. 

Consi'gn, v. to transfer or make over to. 

Consignee', s. the person to whom goods for 
sale are consigned. 

Consignment, s. the act of consigning to. 

Consi'gner, Consignor', s. he who consigns goods 
to another for saie. 

Consist', v. to subsist, to be made of. 

Consis'tence, Consis'tency, s. degree of den- 
sity ; substance ; agreement with ; unifor- 
mity. 

Consis'tent, a. standing or agreeing together ; 
firm ; uniform. 

Consist'ently, ad. in a consistent manner. 

Consisto'riai, a. relating to a consistory. 

Consist'ory, s. a spiritual court. 

Conso'labl'e, a. that which admits comfort. 

Consola'tion, s. alleviation of misery. 

Consol'atory, a. giving consolation. 

Conso'le, v. to comfort, to revive. 

Conso'ler, s. one who gives comfort. 

Consols', s. certain funds or stock. 

Con'sonant, a. sounding or agreeing with ; 
consistent : s. a letter which cannot be 
sounded by itself. 

Con'sonantly, ad. consistently; agreeably. 

Con'sort, s. a wife or husband ; a companion. 

Consort', v. to associate with, to join. 

Conspicu'ity, s. clearness, brightness. 

Conspic'uous, a. obvious to the sight ; distin- 
guished, eminent. 



Conspic'uously, ad. so as to be clearly sees. 

Conspic'uousness, s. clearness, renown. 

Conspiracy, s. a plot, a lawless combination. 

Conspira'tion, s. a plot; a conspiracy. 

Conspir'ator, Conspi'rer, s. a plotter. 

Conspi're, v. to plot, to concert. 

Con'stable, s. a peace-officer, a policeman. 

Constab'ulary, a. re.ating to the police force. 

Con'stancy, s. firmness, continuance. 

Con'stant, a. firm, unchangeable, fixed. 

Constantly, ad. invariably, perpetually. 

Constella'tion, s. a cluster of fixed stars. 

Consterna'tion, s. fear, astonishment, wonder. 

Con'stipate, v. to crowd, to condense ; to 
stop up ; to make costive. 

Constipa'tion, s. condensation ; costiveness. 

Constituent, a. constituting or forming ; es- 
sentia] : s. the person or thing that con- 
stitutes ; an elector. 

Con'stitute, v . to make, depute, set up. 

Constitu'tion, s. the frame of body or mind ; 
law of a country, form of government. 

Constitutional, a. in accordance with the 
constitution ; legal. 

Constitu'tionalist, s. an adherent to the law 
of the land. 

Constitutionally, ad. legally. 

Constrain', v. to compel, to force, to press. 

Constrain'edly, ad. by constraint. 

Constrai'nt, s. compulsion, confinement. 

Constrict', v. to bind, to contract. 

Constric'tion, s. contraction, compression. 

Constric'tor, s. that which compresses. 

Constrin'ge, v. to compress, to bind. 

Constrin'gent, a. of a binding quality. 

Construct', v. to build, to form. 

Construc'ter, s. he who forms or makes. 

Construc'tion, s. the act of building, fabrica- 
tion ; the connexion of words in a sentence ; 
interpretation or meaning. 

Construc'tional, a. relating to the meaning. 

Construc'tive, a. capable of construction. 

Construc'tively, ad. by construction. 

Construc'ture, s. a building, an edifice. 

Con'strue, v. to explain, to translate. 

Consubstai'tial'ity, s. existence of more than 
one body in the same substance. 

Consubstantia'tion, s. the union of the body 
and blood of our Saviour with the sacra- 
mental element, according to Lutherans. 

Con'sul, s. the principal Roman magistrate ; 
an officer appointed to protect the com- 
merce of his nation in foreign ports. 

Con'sular, a. belonging to a consul. 

Con'sulate, Consulship, s. office of consul. 

Consult', v. to ask advice of, to debate, plan. 

Consulta'tion, s. the act of consulting. 

Consu'mable, a. that may be consumed. 

Consu'me, v. to waste, to destroy, to spend. 

Consu'mer, s. one who consumes. 

Consum'mate, v. to complete, to perfect : a. 
complete, finished. 

Consum'mately, ad. perfectly; completely. 

Consummation, s. completion, perfection. 

Consumption, *. the acting of consuming 01 
destroying ; a disease. 

Consumptive, a. destructive, wasting. 

Consump'tively, ad. tending to consumption. 

Consump'tiveness, s. tendenoy to consump- 
tion. 

Con'tact, s. a touch, juncture, close union. 



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55 



CON 



Conta'gion, s. an infection, a pestilence. 
CoDta'gious, a. infectious, catching. 
Conta'giousness, s. the being contagious. 
Contain', v. to hold, to comprise, to restrain. 
Containable, a. possible to be contained. 
Contaminate, v. to defile, to corrupt. 
Contamination, s. defilement, taint. 
Contem'n, v. to despise, scorn, neglect. 
Contem'ner, s. one that contemns. 
Contem'plate, v. to muse, meditate, study. 
Contemplation, s. meditation, thought. 
Contem'plative, a. studious, thoughtful. 
Contemplatively, ad. thoughtfully. 
Contenipora'neous, a. living or existing at 

the same time. 
Contem'porary, s. one who lives at the same 

time with another : a. living at the same 

time. 
Contempt', s. scorn, disdain ; disobedience 

to a court of law. 
Contemptible, a. deserving scorn ; base. 
Contemp'tibleness, s. meanness ; baseness. 
Contemptibly, ad. in a contemptible manner. 
Contemp'tuous, a. scornful, insolent. 
Contemptuously, ad. scornfully. 
Contemp'tuousness, s. tending to contempt. 
Contend', v. to strive with, to contest. 
Content', a. satisfied, easy, willing : s. mo- 
derate happiness, satisfaction : v. to satisfy, 

to gratify. 
Content'ed, p. and a. satisfied ; not repining. 
Content'edly, ad. in a satisfied manner. 
Content'edness, s. state of being content. 
Conten'tion, s. strife, debate, contest. 
Conten'tious, a. quarrelsome, perverse. 
Conten'tiously, ad. quarrelsomely. 
Conten'tiousness, s. quarrelsomeness. 
Content'ment, s. the being content. 
Con 'tents, s. pi. what is contained in any 

thing ; the amount ; the heads of a book ; 

an index. 
Conter'minable, a. capable of being brought 

within the same bounds. 
Conterminous, a. bordering upon. 
Con'test, s. a dispute, debate, quarrel. 
Contest', v. to dispute, to contend, to vie with. 
Contestable, a. that may be contested. 
Contest'ingly, ad. in a contending manner. 
Contest'loss, a. not to be disputed. 
Con'text, s. the parts that precede and follow 

the sentence quoted : a. knit or woven 

together. 
Contex'ture, $. an interweaving or joining 

together of a discourse ; the system. 
Contigu'ity, s. actual contact. 
Contig'uous, a. meeting so as to touch. 
Contiguously, ad. without intervening spaces. 
Contig'uousness, s. the being contiguous. 
Continence, or Con'tinency, s. restraint, 

chastity, moderation, forbearance. 
Continent, s. a large extent of land contain- 
ing many countries. 
Con'tinent, a. chaste, abstemious, temperate. 
Continental, a. relating to a continent. 
Continently, ad. chastely; temperately. 
Contin'eence, Contin'goncy, s. a casualty or 

event which happens by chance. 
Contingent, a. accidental, uncertain. 
Contin'gent, S. chance ; proportion. 
Contingently, ad. casually, accidentally. 
Coutin'ual, a. incessant, uninterrupted. 



Contin'ually, ad. without pausing, always. 

Contin'uance, s. duration, permanence ; 
abode in one place. 

Continua'tion, s. a constant succession. 

Contin'uative, a. uninterrupted. 

Contin'ue, v. to remain in the same state ; 
to dwell, to persevere, to last, to prolong. 

Contin'uedly, ad. without interruption. 

Contin'uous, a. joined together, without in- 
terruption. 

Continu'ity, *. uninterrupted connexion. 

Contor'tion, s. a twist, a drawing awry. 

Contour', [Fr.] s. the outline of a figure. 

Con'tra, [Lat.] prep, against. 

Con'traband, a. unlawful, forbidden, illegal. 

Con'tract, S. a bargain, an agreement. 

Contract', v. to draw together ; to lessen ; to 
affiance or betroth ; to bargain. 

Contract'edly, ad. in a contracted manner. 

Contract'edness, s. contraction. 

Contract'ible, a. capable of contraction. 

Contractibil'ity, Contract'ibleness, s, capabi- 
lity of contraction. 

Contrac'tion, s. a drawing together ; an 
abridging ; a shrinking ; an abbreviation. 

Contractor, s. one who makes bargains. 

Contradict', v. to oppose verbally, to deny. 

Contradiction, s. denial, contrariety. 

Contradict'orily, ad. inconsistently. 

Contradict'oriness, s. blunt opposition. 

Contradictory, a. inconsistent with : s. an 
opposite proposition (in logic). 

Contradistinc"tion, s. a distinction by oppo- 
site qualities. 

Contradistin"guish, v. to distinguish by op- 
posite qualities. 

Con'traries, s. pi. propositions that oppo e. 

Contrariety, s. opposition, inconsistency. 

Con'trarily, ad. contradictorily. 

Con'trariness, s. contrariety ; repugnance. 

Con'trary, a. opposite ; contradictory. 

Con'trast, s. opposition of figures. 

Contrast', v. to place in opposition, so as to 
exhibit the difference. 

Contravalla'tion, s. a counter-fortification 
against the sallies of the besieged. 

Contrave'ne, v . to hinder, to oppose. 

Contraven'tion, s. obstruction, opposition. 

Contrib'utary, a. contributing to. 

Contrib'ute, v. to give to a common stock ; 
to bear a part ; to conduce. 

Contribu'tion, s. the act of contributing ; 
that which i3 given to a common stock. 

Contrib'utive, Contrib'utory, a. contributing 
to or promoting the same design. 

Contrite, a. truly penitent, very sorrowful. 

Contritely, ad. penitently ; with sorrow. 

Con'triteness, s. sorrow for sin ; penitence. 

Contri"tion, s. sorrow for sin ; penitence. 

Contri'vance, s. a plan, a scheme, an art. 

Contri've, v. to plan, project, invent. 

Contri'ver, s. an inventor, a schemer. 

Contro'l, v. to check ; to govern ; to over- 
power : s. restraint ; power, authority. 

Controllable, a. subject to control. 

Controller, s. one who has power to control, 

Contro'llership, s. the office of a controller. 

Controversial, a. relating to disputes. 

Controversialist, s. a disputant. 

Controversy, s. a debate ; a dispute, quarreL 

Controvert', v. to debate, to dispute. 



CON 

Controvertible, a. disputable, dubious. 

Contuma'cious, a. obstinate, perverse. 

Contumaciously, ad. obstinately ; inflexibly. 

Contunia'ciousness, s. obstinacy. 

Con 'turn acy, s. obstinacy ; wilful disobedience 
to any lawful summons or judicial order. 

Contumelious, m. reproachful, rude, brutal. 

Contume'liously, ad. reproachfully. 

Contumeliousness, s. rudeness ; reproach. 

Con'tumely, s. rudeness, contemptuousness. 

Contu'se, v. to bruise, to beat together. 

Contu'sion, s. tbe act of bruising ; a bruise. 

Conun'drum, s. a quibble, a riddle. 

Convalescence, s. a renewal of health. 

Convalescent, a. recovering, getting health. 

Conve'ne, v. to call together, to assemble. 

Conven'er, s. one who convenes. 

Convenience, s. fitness, propriety, ease. 

Convenient, a. fit, suitable, well adapted. 

Conve'niently, ad. commodiously, fitly. 

Con'vent, s. a religious house, a nunnery. 

Conven'ticle, s. a dissenting place of worship. 

Conven'tion, s. an assembly ; a contract or 
agreement for a limited time. 

Conven'tional, a. agreed on by compact ; sti- 
pulated ; tacitly understood. 

Conven'tionary, a. settled by contract. 

Convcr'ge. v. to tend to one point. 

Convergence, s. near approach to a point. 

Convergent, Converging, a. tending to ene 
point trom different places. 

Convers'able, a. fit for conversation, sociable, 
communicative. 

Convers'ableness, s. fluency of talk. 

Con'versant, a. acquainted with, skilled in. 

Conversation, s. familiar discourse, chat. 

Conversa'tion il, v. relating to conversation ; 
colloquial ; conversable. 

Conversazio'ne, [Ital.] s. a meeting of com- 
pany for the purpose of conversation. 

Con'verse, a. contrary, opposite ; s. conver- 
sation ; the contrary. 

Converse, v. to talk familiarly with. 

Con'versely, ad. by a change of order or 
place ; reciprocally ; contrarily. 

Conversion, s. change from one state or form 
into another ; change from one religion to 
another. 

Con'vert, s. one who changes his opinion. 

Convert', v. to change into another form or 
state, to turn. 

Convert'er, s. one who makes converts. 

Convertible, a. that may be converted. 

Convertibility, v. the being convertible. 

Convertlbly, ad. reciprocally. 

Con'vex, a. rising in a circular form, as the 
outside of a globe ; opposite to concave ; s. 
a convex or spherical body. 

Convexity, s. a spherical form ; rotundity. 

Convex'ly, ad. in a convex form. 

Convex'o-con'cave, a. convex on one side, 
and concave on the other. 

Convey', v. to carry, to transmit, to send. 

Convey'able, a. that may be conveyed. 

Conveyance, s. the actof removing anything ; 
a deed or writing by which property is 
transferred. 

Convey'ancer, s. a lawyer who draws up 
writings by which property is transferred. 

Convey'er, s. one who carries or transmits. 

Convict', v. to detect ; to prove guilty. 



56 COP 

Con'vict, s. one found guilty. 

Convic'tion, .?. a detection of guilt, full proof. 

Convin'cc, v. to make a person sensible of a 
thing by full proofs ; to prove. 

Convin'cible, a. capable of conviction. 

Convincing] y, ad. without room to doubt. 

Convin'cingness, s. the power of convincing. 

Convivial, a. social, festive, gay, pleasing. 

Conviviality, s. sociability, festivity. 

Convocation, s. an ecclesiastical assembly. 

Convo'ke, v. to summon or call together. 

Convol've, v. to roll together, to turn. 

Convol'vulus, 5. the flower bindweed. 

Convoluted, a. rolled upon itself, twisted. 

Convolution, s. a rolling together. 

Convoy 7 , v. to accompany for defence. 

Con'voy, s. an attendance for defence. 

Convul'se, v. to give a violent motion. 

Convulsion, s. an involuntary and irregular 
contraction of the muscles, fibres, &c. 

Convulsive, a, tending to convulsion. 

Convulsively, ad. in an agitated manner. 

Co'ny, s. a rabbit ; a simpleton. 

Coo, v. to cry as a dove or pigeon. 

Cooing, s. the note of the clove. 

Cook, s. one who dresses victuals. 

Cook, v. to dress or prepare victuals. 

Cook'ery, s. the art of dressing victuals. 

Cool, v. to make or grow cool ; to quiet : a. 
somewhat cold ; indifferent to, displeased 
with : s. moderate coldness ; indifference. 

Cool'-headed, a. without passion. 

Cooling, a. adapted to cool and refresh. 

Coolly, ad. without heat ; with indifference 

Cool'ness, s. freedom from passion, indif- 
ference, want of affection ; gentle cold. 

Cooly, s. an Indian road-porter. 

Coom'b, s. a corn measure of four bushels. 

Coop, s. a wooden cage for poultry ; a bar. 
rel : v. to put into a coop ; to confine. 

Coop'er, s. a maker of barrels. 

Coop'erage, $. tho price paid for cooper's 
work ; the work or workshops of a cooper. 

Coop'cry, s. the art of making casks. 

Co-op'erate, v. to labour for the same end. 

Co-opera'tion, s. exertion for tho same end. 

Co-op'crator, s. one that co-opcratos. 

Co-or'dinate, a. holding the same rank. 

Co-ordinately, ad. in the same rank. 

Co-ordina'tion, s. equality of rank. 

Coot, s. a small black water-fowl. 

Cop, s. the head, the top of any thing. 

Co'pal, s. the gum or resin of a Mexican 
tree, from which a fine varnish is made. 

Copart'ment, s. division, compartment. 

Copart'ncr, .v. a joint partner in business. 

Copartnership, s. the having an equal share. 

Cope, s. a priests cloak ; a concave arch. 

Cope, v. to contend with, to strive, to oppose. 

Coper'nican, a. relating to the astronomical 
system of Copernicus. 

Copier, s. one who copies or imitates. 

Co'ping, s. the covering of a wall. 

Co'pious, a. abundant, plentiful, full. 

Co'piously, ad. plentifully ; diffusedly. 

Co'piousness, s. plenty ; diffusion. 

Cop'per, s. a metal ; a largo boiler : a. con- 
sisting of copper : v. to cover with copper. 

Cop'pcras, s. a sort of mineral, vitriol. 

Cop'per-bot.tomed, a. having a bottom 
sheathed with copper. 



COP 

Cop'perish, a. containing or like copper. 

Cop'per-nose, s. a red or burly nose. 

Cop'per-plate, s. an impression from a figure 
engraved on copper ; the plate on -which 
any thing is engraved for printing. 

Cop'persmith, s. one who works in copper. 

Cop'pery, a. tasting of cr mixed with copper. 

Coppice, s. a wood of small low trees. 

Cop'se, s. a small wood of low trees. 

Cop'tio, .?. the language of the Copts or ancient 
Egyptians. 

Cop'ula, s. that which joins the subject and 
predicate in a proposition. 

Cop'ulate, v. to connect, to unite ; to mix. 

Copula'tion, s. the act of joining ; connexion. 

Cop'ulativo, a. joining together. 

Cop'y, a', a manuscript, an imitation, a pat- 
tern to write after ; a duplicate of any origi- 
nal writing, or of apicturc : v. to transcribe ; 
to imitate. 

Cop'y-book, s. a booic in which copies are 
written for learners to imitate. 

Cop'yhold, s. a tenure under the lord of a 
manor, held by the copy of a court-roll. 

Cop'yholder, s. one having copyhold land. 

Cop'yist, s. a transcriber, a copier. 

Cop'yright, s. the solo right to print a book. 

Co'qiu'licot, [Fr.] s. the red corn rose. 

Coquet', v. to act like a coquette, to jilt. 

Co'quetry, 5. deceit in love, affectation. 

Coquet'te, s. a vain gay woman, who by va- 
rious arts endeavours to gain admirers. 

Coquet'ish, a. after the manner of a coquette. 

Cor'acle, s. a kind of light boat made by 
drawing leather over a frame of wicker 
work. 

Cor'al, s. the shells of a kind of marine in- 
sects or animals, of which there are three 
kinds, red, white, and black: a. made of 
coral. 

Cor'alline, a. consisting of coral : s. a kind 
of marine plant formed by insecls. 

Cor'al-tree, j. an American tree, with beau- 
tiful scarlet flowers. 

Cor'al-wort, s. a plant, tooth-wort. 

Corant', Coran'to, s. a kind of quick dance. 

Cor'ban, s. an alms-basket; a gift; an alms. 

Cor'beils, s. in fortification, baskets of earth. 

Cor'bel, s. in architecture, the representation 
of a basket ; the base of the Corinthian 
column ; a niche for figures. 

Cord, s. a string, a rope ; a sinew : v. to tic 
or fasten with cords. 

Cord'age, s. a quantity of ropes for a ship. 

Cord'ed, p. and a. bound with cords; striped 
or furrowed as with cords. 

CorMial, a. proceeding from the heart ; sin- 
cere, reviving : s. a medicine or drink for 
reviving or exhilarating the spirits. 

Cordial'ity, s. sincerity, affection, esteem. 

Cor'dially, ad. sincerely, heartily, truly. 

Cor'don, [Fr.] s. a line of military posts. 

Cord'ovan, Cord'wain, s. a fine Spanish lea- 
ther, originally from Cordova. 

Corduroy', s. a stout corded cotton cloth. 

Cord'wainer, Cor'diner, s. a shoemaker. 

Core, s. the heart or inner part of a thing. 

Co-re'gent, *. a joint regent or ruler. 

Corf, *. a coal measure of three bushels. 

Coria'ceous, a, consisting of or !iko leather. 

Corian'der, *. a plant, a hot seed. 



57 



COR 



Corin'thian, a. relating to Corinth : s. the 

name of the fourth order in architecture. 
Co-ri'val, s. a fellow rival ; a competitor. 
Cork, s. a tree resembling the ilex ; its bark ; 

the stopple of a bottle : v. to stop up. 
Cork'ing-pin, s. a pin of the largest size. 
Cork'screw, s. a screw to draw corks with. 
Cork'y, a. consisting of or resembling cork. 
Cormorant, s. a bird of prey, a glutton. 
Corn, s. a grain ; seeds which grow in ears, not 

in pod3 : v. to sprinkle with grains of salt, 

to salt slightly. 
Corn, s. a corneous excrescence on the foot. 
Cor'nage, s. an ancient tenure, which obliged 

the landholder to give notice of an invasion 

by blowing a horn. 
Corn'-chandler, s. a retailer of corn. 
Cor'nea, s. the horny coat of the eye. 
Cor'nel, s. a tree ; the cornelian cherry. 
Corne'lian, s. a precious stone. 
Cor'neous, a. horny, resembling horn. 
Cor'ncr, s. an angle ; a secret or remote place ; 

the extremity, or utmost limit. 
Cor'nered, a. having angles or corners. 
Cor'net, s. a musical instrument ; the officer 

who bears the standard of a troop of horse. 
Cor'nctcy, s. the commission of a cornet. 
Cor'nice, s. the uppermost ornament of a wall 

or wainscot ; the top of a column. 
Cor'nicle, s. a little horn. 
Corni"gerous, a. horned, having horns. 
Cor'nish, (1. belonging to Cornwall. 
Corn'rose. s. the cockle (a field flower). 
Cor'nu-ammo'nis, s. a shell like a ram's horn. 
Cornuco'pia, s. the horn of plenty. 
Cor'nutod,/?. and a. having horns; cuckolded. 
Cornu'to, s. a man with horns, a cuckold. 
Corn'v, a. strong or hard like horn. 
Corol'la, j. petals or leaves of a flower. 
Corolla'ceous, a. enclosing like a wreath. 
Cor'ollary, A', an inference or deduction. 
Cor'ollated, a. having flowers like a crown. 
Coro'na, [Lat.] s. a crown ; the flat part of a 

cornice which crowns the entablature. 
Cor'onal, s. a chaplet, a garland : a. pertain- 
ing to the top of the head. 
Corona'tion, s. the act or solemnity of 

crowning. 
Cor'oner, s. a civil officer, who, with a jury, 

inquires into casual or violent deaths. 
Coronet, s. a crown worn by the nobility. 
Cor'poral, s. the lowest officer of the infantry. 
Corporal'ity, s. the quality of being embodied. 
Cor'poral ly, ad. bodily, in bodily form. 
Corporate, a. united in a community. 
Cor porately, ad. in a corporate capacity. 
Corpora'tor, s. the member of a corporation. 
Corpo'real, Cor poral, a. bodily, material. 
Corpo'really, ad. in a bodily form. 
Corpora'tion, s. a body politic authorized to 

act as a single person, and to grant any 

thing within the compass of their charter. 
Cor'ps,[Fr.] s. a body of soldiers, a regiment. 
Corpse, s. a dead body, a carcass, a corse. 
Cor'pulencc, s. bulkincss of body, fleshiness. 
Cor'pulent, a. fleshy, bulky, gross. 
Cor'puscle, s. a small body, an atom. 
Corpus'cular, a. made up of small particles. 
Correct', a. free from faults ; accurate : v. to 

make right ; to amend ; to punish. 
Correction, s. punishment ; discipline. 
i>3 



COR 



58 



cou 



Correctional, a. tending to correct. 
Corrective, a. able to amend or correct: s. 

that which has the power of correcting. 
Correct'ly, ad. accurately, exactly. 
Correct'ness, s. accuracy, nicety, exactness. 

Correct'or, s. one who, or that which, corrects. 

Corregldor, s. a chief magistrate in Spain. 

Cbrrel'atire, a. having a reciprocal relation : 
s. that which has a reciprocal relation. 

Correl'ativoly, ad. in a correlative relation. 

Correspond', v. to suit, to agree ; to hold in- 
tercourse with another by letters. 

Correspond'ence, s. intercourse by letters ; 
friendship ; agreement ; relation. 

Correspondent, a. suitable, answerable : s. 
one who holds correspondence with another 
by letters. 

Correspond'ently, ad. suitably, fitly. 

Correspon'sive, a. answerable. 

Cor'ridor, s. a gallery round a building. 

Corrigen'da, [Lat. ] s.pl. words to be corrected. 

Cor'rigible, a. capable of being corrected. 

Corrob'orant, a. strengthening, confirming : 
s. a medicine that strengthens. 

Corrob'orate, v. to confirm, to establish- 

Corrobora'tion, s. the act of strengthening or 
confirming ; a confirmation. 

Corrob'orative, a. having the power of con- 
firming or establishing. 

Corro'de, v. to eat away by degrees. 

Corro'dent, a. having the power of wasting 
away : s. that which eats sway. 

Corro'dible, a. capable of corrosion. 

Corro'sion, s. the act of eating away. 

Corro'sive, a. able to corrode or eat away : *. 
that which corrodes or consumes. 

Corro'siveness, s. the quality of corroding. 

Cor 'rugate, v. to wrinkle or purse up. 

Corruga'tion, s. contraction into wrinkles. 

Cor'rugator, s. a muscle of the forehead which 
contracts the skin into wrinkles. 

Corrupt', a. rotten, tainted, unsound, vi- 
cious : v. to infect ; to deprave ; to bribe. 

Corrupt'er, s. one who corrupts or taints. 

Corruptibility, Corrup'tibleness, *. the pos- 
sibility of being corrupted. 

Corruptible, a. that may be corrupted. 

Corruptibly, ad. in a corrupt manner. 

Corrup'tion, s. wickedness; matter or pus. 

Corruptive, a. able to taint or corrupt. 

Corrupt'less, a. insusceptible of corruption. 

CoTrupt'ly, ad. in a corrupt manner. 

Corrupt'ness, s. putrescence, vice. 

Cor'sair, s. a pirate, a plunderer on the sea. 

Corse, s. See Corpse. 

Cor'selet, or Cors'let, s. a light armour for the 
forepart of the body. 

Cor'set, [Fr.] 5. a pair of stays ; a boddice. 

Corte'ge, [Fr. ] s. a train of attendants. 

Cor'tes, s. the members representing the 
Spanish states assembled in Madrid. 

Cortex, s. the outer bark or rind. 

Corticated, a. resembling the bark of a tree. 

Corvette, s. an advice boat ; a sloop of war. 

Co/vine, a. belonging to a crow or raven. 

Cor'vus, s. an ancient naval engine, with a 
hook like a crow's beak. 

< Jorus'cant, a. flashing, glittering. 

Coruscate, v. to glitter by flashes. 

Coruscation, s. a flashing of light. 

Ooryphe'us, s. the chief or leader of a chorus. 



Cose'cant, s. a term in geometry. 

Cosi'ne, s. a term in geometry. 

Cosmet'ic, s. a wash to improve the skin : sl 

beautifying or improving the skin. 
Cos'mical, a. rising or setting with the sun. 
Cos'micaliy, ad. with the sun. 
Cosmog'onist. s. one who studies cosmogony. 
Cosmog'ony, s. birth or creation of the world. 
Cosinogtaphy, s. the science of the general 

system of the world. 
Cosmop'olite, s. a citizen of the world. 
Cost, s. price, charge, expense, loss : v. to be 

bought for, to be had at a price. 
Cos'tal, a. relating to the ribs. 
Cos'tard, s. a large round apple ; a head. 
Cos'tardmonger, Cos'termonger, s. a dealer 

in apples ; generally applied to those who 

carry fruit and vegetables about for sale 
Cos'tive, a. constipated or bound in the body ; 

close ; formal. 
Cos'tiveness, s. the state of being costive. 
Cost'less, a. attainable without expense. 
Costliness, s. expensiveness, sumptuousness. 
Costly, a. expensive, dear; of great price. 
Costs, s. pi. expenses incurred in law-suits. 
CostUme, s. style or mode of dress. 
Cot, s. a hut ; a small house or cottage ; a 

child's bed ; a little boat. 
Cotempora'neous, a. living at the same time. 
Cotem'porary, s. one who lives at the same 

time with another : a. living at the sams 

time. 
Co-ten'ant, J. a tenant in common. 
Coterie', s. a select party or society ; a club. 
Cothur'nus, s. a sort of ancient buskin. 
Cotillon, s. a light brisk dance. 
Cots'wold, s. sheepcotes in an open country. 
Cot'tager, Cotter, Cot'tier, s. one who lives ia 

a cot or cottage. 
Cot'ton, *. a plant ; the down of the cotton- 
tree ; cloth or stuff made of cotton : v. t# 

unite with ; to agree with. 
Cot'tony, a. like cotton ; downy. 
Cot'yla, s. that cavity of a bone which receives 

in it the end of another. 
Cotyl'edon, *. the lobe that nourishes the seeds 

of plants, and then perishes. 
Cotyled'onous, a. having a seed-lobe. 
Cou'hage, (vulgarly Cow-itch) s. an Indian 

bean, the pods of which sting like a nettle. 
Couch, s. a seat of repose ; a layer or bed : v. 

to lie down, to recline, to stoop ; to fix a 

spear in the rest ; to remove a cataract or 

film from the eye. 
Cou'chant, a. squatting, lying down. 
Couch'grass, s. a weed. 
Couching, s. the act of bending or bowing ; 

a surgical operation on the eye. 
Cough, s. a convulsion of the lungs : v. to 

make a noise in endeavouring to evacuat# 

matter from the lungs. 
Could, v. the past tense of Can. 
Coul'tcr, s. the sharp iron of the plough. 
Coun'cil, s. an assembly for consultation. 
Coun'sel, s. advice, direction; a pleader : v. 

to give advice ; to direct. 
Coun'sel lable, a. willing to receive counsel. 
Coun'sel] or, s. one who gives advice. 
Count, s. number, reckoning ; a foreign title. 
Count, v. to number, to cast up, to tell. 
Count'able, a. which may be numbered. 



CQU 



59 



cov 



Cotn'tenance, s. form of the face ; look ; pa- 
tronage : v. to patronize, to support. 

Conn ter, s. fictitious money ; a shop table. 

Coun ter, ad. contrary to, in a wrong way. 

Counteract', v. to act contrary to ; to hinder. 

Counterac'tion, s. prevention by opposition. 

Counter-attrac'tion, 5. opposite attraction. 

Counterbalance, v. to act against with an op- 
posite weight : s. an opposite weight. 

Counterbuff ', v. to repel, to strike back : s. a 
blow in a contrary direction. 

Coun'terchange, s. an exchange, reciproca- 
tion : v . to exchange. 

Countercharm', s. that which breaks a charm. 

Countercheck', s. a stop ; v. to oppose. 

Coun'ter-current, a. running in an opposite 
way : s. an opposite current. 

Counterdraw', v. to trace the lines of a draw- 
ing through transparent paper. 

Counter-ev'idence, s. opposite evidence. 

Counterfeit, s. an imposture ; a forgery : a. 
fictitious : v. to imitate ; to forge ; to feign. 

Counterfeiter, s. a forger ; an impostor. 

Coun'terfeitly, ad. falsely ; fictitiously. 

Coun'terlight, s. a light opposite to a thing 
which makes it appear to disadvantage. 

Countermand', v. to contradict an order. 

Goun'termand, s. repeal of a former order. 

Countermarch', v. to march backward. 

Coun'termarch, *. a retrograde march. 

Coun'termark, s. a second or third mark put 
on goods belonging to different merchants. 

Coun'termine, s. a mine made to frustrate the 
use of one made by the enemy. 

Countermi'ne, v. to defeat secretly. 

Coun'ter-movement, s. an opposite movement. 

Coun'terpano, s. the upper covering of a bed. 

Counterpart, s. a correspondent part. 

Coun'terplea, s. a replication in law. 

Counterplead , v. to contradict, to deny. 

Coun'terplot, s. plot against plot : v. to oppose 
one machination by another. 

Coun'terpoint, s. a coverlet woven in squares ; 
a term in music. 

Coun'terpoise, s. an equivalence of weight. 

Coun'terpoise, v. to counterbalance. 

Coun'terpoison, s. an antidote to poison. 

Coun'ter-projeot, s. a project of one party 
given in opposition to another. 

Coun'terproof, s. a proof, inverted, of a print, 
taken by passing it through a rolling-press. 

Coun'terprove, v. to take a proof inverted. 

Counter-revolu'tion, *. a revolution succeed- 
ing another, and opposite to it. 

Coun'terscarp, s. the exterior slope of a ditch 
round a fortification ; the covered way that 
surmounts it. 

Coun'terseal, v. to seal with another. 

Counter-secu'rity,*. security given to a person 
who has become surety for another. 

Countersign, v. to undersign ; to confirm : s. 
the word given to soldiers as a watchword. 

Coun'ter-signal, 5. a corresponding signal. 

Coun'terstroke, s. a stroke returned. 

Counterten'or, s. a middle part of music. 

Countervail', v. to be equivalent to ; to havo 
equal force or value. 

Countervail, s. equal weight or strength. 

Coun'tcrview, s an opposition a contrast. 

Coun'tervote, v. to outvote, to oppose. 

Coun'torweigh, v. to counterbalance. 



Coun'terwheel, s. a wheel in machinery that 
acts in an opposite way to the rest. 

Counterwork', v. to counteract. 

Coun'tess, s. the lady of a count or earl. 

Count'less, a. innumerable, infinite. 

Coun'trified, a. rustic, rude. 

Coun'try, s. a tract of land ; a region ; rural 
parts : a. rural ; remote from towns. 

Coun'try-dance,*. a well-known kind of dasce. 

Coun'tryman, s. a rustic ; one born in the 
same country ; a husbandman. 

Coun'ty, s. a shire : a. relating to a shire. 

Coup-de-grace, [Fi\] s. a finishing stroke. 

Coup-de-main, [Fr.]*. a sudden enterprise. 

Coup-d'ceil, [Fr.] s. a glance of the eye. 

Coupee', *. a motion in dancing ; a caper. 

Coup'le, s. a pair, a brace ; man and wife : v. 
to join together ; to marry. 

Coup'let, s. two verses ; a pair. 

Cour'age, s. bravery, valour, activity. 

Coura'geous, a. brave, daring. 

Coura'geously, ad. bravely, nobly, daringly. 

Coura'geousness, s. bravery ; boldness. 

Courant', *. a sprightly dance ; any thing that 
circulates quickly, as a newspaper, &o. 

Cou'rier, s. a messenger sent in haste. 

Course, s. a race ; a career ; a race-ground ; 
track in which a ship sails ; order of suc- 
cession ; service of meat ; method of life : 
v. to run, to hunt, to pursue. 

Cours'er, s. a race-horse, a war-horse. 

Cours'ing, s. the pursuit of hares with grey- 
hounds ; hare hunting in view of the dogs. 

Court, s. the residence of a sovereign ; a seat 
of justice ; an enclosed place in front of a 
house ; address ; flattery : V. to pay court 
to ; to make love to. 

Court' -bred, a. brought up at court. 

Court'-breeding, s. education at a court. 

Court'-day, s. the day on which a court sits to 
administer j ustice. 

Court'-dress, *. a dress suitable for an appear- 
ance at court. 

Cour'teous, a. of elegant manners ; kind. 

Courteously, ad. respectfully ; civilly. 

Cour'teousness, s. civility ; complaisance. 

Cour'tesan, s. a prostitute, a lewd woman. 

Cour'tesy, s. civility, complaisance, favor ; 
kindness ; the act of respect or reverence 
made by women. 

Cour'tesy, v. to make a courtesy. 

Court'-hand, s. the hand or writing used in 
records and judicial proceedings. 

Cour'tier, *. an attendant on a court ; a lover ; 
one who solicits a favor. 

Courtleet', s. a court of the lord of the manor. 

Court'like, a. polite, well-bred, obliging. 

Court'liness, a. civility, complaisance. 

Court'ly, a. polite, elegant, flattering. 

Court-martial, s. a court appointed to inves- 
tigate military or naval offences. 

Court'ship, s. making love to a woman. 

Cous'in, s. the child of an uncle or aunt ; a 
a kinsman or blood relation. 

Cove, s. a small creek or bay ; a shelter : *k 
to arch over ; to make a shelter. 

CoVenant,*. a bargain, contract, deed : v. t» 
bargain, to contract, to agree. 

Cortmanter, s. one who makes a oovenant ; 
one of a religious body called Covenanters. 

Cor'euous, a. treacherous. See Cov'inou*. 



cov 



60 



CRE 



Cor'er, *. that which is laid over something 
else ; a concealment ; a screen ; a shelter : 
v. to lay or spread over ; to conceal. 

Cov'ering, *. dress ; any thing that covers. 

Cov'erlet, s. the upper covering of a bed, the 
quilt or counterpane. 

Cov'ert, s. a thicket ; a hiding place ; a defen- 
sive situation: a. sheltered; secret; in- 
sidious. 

Cov'ertly, ad. secretly ; closely. 

Cov'ertness, s. secrecy ; privacy. 

Cov'erture, s. shelter ; defence ; a legal term 
for the state of being a married woman. 

Cov'et, v. to desire earnestly ; to long for. 

Cov'etable, a. that which may be desired. 

Covetous, a. greedy, avaricious. 

Cov'etousiy, ad. avariciously ; eagerly. 

Cov'etousness, s. avarice ; eagerness. 

Cov'ey, s. a brood of birds. 

Cov'in, s. a deceitful agreement, a collusion. 

Co'ving, s. a projection in a building. 

Co/mous, a. fraudulent, deceitful. 

Cow, s. the female of the bull : v. to depress 
with fear ; to dispirit. 

Cow'ard, s. he who wants courage ; a pol- 
troon : a. timid ; void of spirit ; dastardly. 

Cow'ardice, s. fear, pusillanimity. 

Cow'ardlike, a. resembling a coward. 

Cow'ardliness, J. timidity ; cowardice. 

Cow'ardly, a. fearful, mean, timorous. 

Cow'er, v. to bend the knees, to crouch. 

Cow'kerd, s. one who tends or keeps cows. 

Cow'-bouse, s. house where kine are kept. 

Cow'-leech, s. a cow doctor. 

Cow'-pox, s. a pustular disease transferred 
from cows to the human body by inocula- 
tion, and acting as a preventive of the 
variola, or small-pox. 

Cow'ry, s. a small univalve sea-shell. 

Cowl, s. a monk's hood. 

Cow'slip, s. a species of primrose. 

Cox'comb, s. a fop (but formerly a licensed 
fool or jester, because he wore in his cap 
a comb like a cock's). The term is also 
applied to a flower. 

Cox'eombry, s. foppishness. 

Coxcom'ioal, a. conceited, foppish, pert. 

Coy, a. modest, reserved, decent. 

Coy'ish, a. rather shy, chaste, 

Coy'ly, ad. with reserve ; modestly. 

Coy'ness, J. reserve, shyness, modesty. 

Coz, s. a familiar word for cousin. 

Coz'en, v. to cheat, impose on, defraud. 

Coz'enage, s. cheat, fraud, deceit, trick. 

Coz'ener, s. a cheater, a knave. 

Co'zy, Co'sy, a. comfortably placed for chat- 
ting; snug. 

Crab, s. a shell-fish ; a wild apple ; a peevish 
person ; one of the signs of the zodiac. 

Crab'bed, a. peevish, morose, difficult. 

Crab'bedly, ad. peevishly ; morosely. 

Crab'bed ness, S. sourness of taste ; asperity. 

Crack, s. a sudden disruption ; a quick 
noise ; a chink ; a flaw : v. to break into 
chinks, to split. 

Crack'brained, a. crazy, whimsical. 

Crack'er, s. a kind of squib or firework ; a 
bard biscuit ; a boaster. 

Crackle, v. to mako slight cracks. 

Crack'ling, s. a noise made by slight cracks. 

Crack'nel, s. a kind of hard brittle cake. 



| Cra'dle, s. a movable bed on which children 
are rocked ; a case for a broken bone ; a 
frame of wood for launching a ship : v. to 
lay or rock in a cradle. 

Craft, s. cunning ; trade ; small trading-ships. 

Craftily, ad. artfully, cunningly. 

Craftiness, s. craft, cunning, fraud, deceit. 

Crafts' man, s. an artificer ; a mechanic. 

Crafty, a. cunning, deceitful, artful. 

Crag, s. a rough steep rock ; the neck. 

Crag'ged, Crag'gy, a. rough, rugged. 

Crag'gedness, Crag'gincss, s. roughness. 

Crake, s. a bird, the corn-crake. 

Cram, v. to stuff; to eat greedily. 

Cram'bo, s. a play at which one gives a word 
and another finds a rhyme. 

Cramp, ,y. a spasmodic contraction of the 
limbs: v. to pain with spasms; to con- 
fine, to hinder : a. knotty, hard, difficult. 

Cramp'iron, s. an iron to fasten together. 

Cran'berry, s. a small kind of acid fruit. 

Cranch, Craunch, v. to crush in the mouth. 

Crane, s. a bird ; a machine for raising heavy 
weights ; a siphon or crooked pipe. 

Craniol'ogist, s. ono who understands the 
science of craniology. 

Craniol'ogy, s. the art which affects to dis- 
cover the faculties and propensities of a 
person by the external form of his skull. 
(More commonly called Phrenology.; 

Cra'nium, s. the skull. 

Crank, s. the end of an iron axle turned 
down ; a bend ; an iron brace ; a twisting 
or turning in speech ; a conceit : v. to bend 
or wind, to turn. 

Crank'y, a. bent, crooked, cross. 

Cran'nied, a. full of or having chinks. 

Cran'ny, s. a chink ; a crevice ; a little crack. 

Crape, s. a thin stuff for mourning. 

Crap'nel, s. a hook or drag. 

Crash, v. to break, to crush, to bruise ; to 
make a crashing noise : s. a loud noise as 
of many things falling. 

Crashing, s. a violent complicated noise. 

Cras'situdc, s. grossness, coarseness. 

Cratch, s. a frame for hay or straw. 

Crate, s. a hamper to pack earthenware in. 

Cra'ter, s. a vent or aperture ; the bowl or 
funnel of a volcano. 

Cravat', s. a neckcloth. 

Crave, v. to ask earnestly ; to long for. 

Cra'ven, s. a coward, a recreant : a. cowardly. 

Cra'ving, s. unreasonable desire. 

Craw, s. the crop or stomach of birds. 

Craw'fish, Cray'rish, s. a river shell-fish. 

Crawl, v. to creep ; move slowly. 

Craw'ler, s. a creeper ; a reptile. 

Cray'on, s. a soft pencil ; a picture. 

Craze, v. to break ; to disorder the brain. 

Cra'ziness, 5. weakness, disorder of mind. 

Cra'zy, a. broken, feeble, weak; maddish. 

Creak, v. to make a harsh noise. 

Creak'ing, s. a harsh grating noise. 

Cream, s. the oily or best part of milk, 

Cream'faced, a. pale, wan, cowardly. 

Cream'y, a. full of cream ; luscious, rich. 

Crease, s. a mark made by doubling or fold- 
ing any thing : v. to mark by folding. 

Crea'te, v. to form out of nothing ; to make ; 
to cause ; to produce. 

Crca'tion, s. act of creating ; the universe. 



CRE 



61 



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Crea'tive, a. having the power to create. 
Crea'tor, s. the Maker of heaven and earth. 
Creafure, s. a created being, an animal. 
Cre'dence, s. belief, credit, reputation. 
Crcden'da, [Lat.] s. tilings to be believed. 
Cre'dent, a. easy of belief ; having credit. 
Cicden'tial, a. giving a title to credit : s. 

that which gives a title to credit. 
Credentials, s.pl. letters of recommendation. 
Credibility, s. claim to belief, probability. 
Cred'ibleness, s. worthiness of belief. 
Cred'iblc, a. worthy of credit ; likely. 
Cred'ibly, ad. in a manner that claims belief. 
Cred'it, s. belief, honor ; trust reposed : v. 

to believe, to trust, to admit as a debtor. 
Cred'itable, a. worthy of credit, reputable. 
Cred'itableness, s. reputation ; estimation. 
Cred'itably, ad. reputably, without disgrace. 
Cred'itor, s. one who trusts or gives credit. 
Credulity, s. easiness of belief. 
Cred'ulous, a. apt to believe, unsuspecting. 
Cred'ulousiy, ad. in an unsuspecting way. 
Cred'ulousness, s. easiness of belief. 
Creed, s. a confession of faith, a belief. 
Creek, s. a small bay ; a nook. 
Creek'y, a. full of creeks ; winding. 
Creep, v. to crawl ; to move slowly ; to fawn. 
Creep'er, s. a plant ; a small insect. 
Creer/holc, s. a subterfuge ; an excuse. 
Creep'ingly, ad. in the manner of a reptile. 
Crenio'na, s. the name given to a superior 

kind of violin made at Cremona, in Italy. 
Cre'mor, s. a milky or creamy substance. 
Cre'ole, s. a native of the West Indies, de- 
scended from European ancestors. 
Cres'cent, s. the moon on the increase ; any 

thing in the shape of the new moon ; the 

symbol of Mahometanisin. 
Cress, s. the name of a water herb. 
Cres'set, s. a light set on a beacon ; a torch. 
Crest, s. the feathers or other ornaments on 

the top of a helmet; the helmet itself; 

the ornament of the helmet in heraldry ; 

the comb of a cock ; a tuft ; pride ; spirit : 

v. to furnish with a crest. 
Crest'ed, a. adorned with a plume or crest. 
Crest'-fallcn, a. dejected, low, cowed. 
Creta'ceous, a. chalky, resembling chalk. 
Creux, s. a term in engraving, meaning cut 

below the surface. 
Crev'ice, s. a crack, a cleft. 
Crew, s. a ship's company ; a mean assembly. 
Crib, s. a manger, a stall ; a child's bed : 

v. to shut up or confine ; to pilfer. 
Crib'bage, s. the name of a game at cards. 
Crick, s. a painful stiffness in the neck. 
Criek'et, s. an insect that chirps about the 

hearth ; a game with bat and ball. 
Cri'er, s. one who cries goods for sale. 
Crime, s. an offence, wickedness, sin. 
Crim'inal, s. a person accused, a felon : a. 

guilty, faulty, relating to crime. 
Criminal'ity, s. a criminal action or case. 
Criminally, ad. wickedly, wrongfully. 
Crim'inate, v. to accuse, to charge with crime. 
Crimina'tion, s. an accusation, a censure. 
Crim'inatory, a. accusing, tending to accuse. 
Crimp, a. brittle, easily crumbled ; crisp : 

v. to crimple or pinch ; to indent. 
Crimp, s. one who decoys others into military 

service : v. to decoy for the army. 



Crim'ple, v. to pinch or crisp, co corrugate. 
Crim'son, s. a very deep red color. 
Crin'cum, s. a whim ; a cramp. 
Cringe, v. to bow, to fawn, to flatter. 
Crin'kle, s. a wrinkle ; a winding fold : V. to 

run in wrinkles. 
Crip'ple, s. a lame person : v. to make lame, 
Cri'sis, s. a critical time or turn. 
Crisp, v. to make brittle, to twist. 
Crisp, Crisp'y, a. curled, brittle, winding. 
Crisp'ing-iron, s. an instrument to crisp with. 
Crisp'ness, s. crispy state. 
Crite'rion, j. a standard whereby any thing 

is judged of, a distinguishing mark. 
Crit'ic, s. one skilled in criticism. 
Crit'ical, a. judicious, accurate, censorious. 
Crit'ically, ad. in a critical manner. 
Crit'icise, v. to pass judgment on the beauties 

or blemishes of a work. 
Crit'icism, s. the art of judging of the merits 

or defects of any performance. 
Criti'que, s. criticism ; animadversion. 
Croak, s. the cry of a frog, raven, or crow : 

v. to make a hoarse low noise. 
Croak'er, s. one who is perpetually descant- 
ing on dangers and difficulties. 
Cro'ats, s. troops, natives of Croatia. 
Crock', s. an earthen pot; an earthen vessel. 
Crock'ery, *. all kinds of earthenware. 
Croc'odile, s. a large voracious amphibious 

animal, in shape resembling a lizard. 
Cro'cus, s. an early flower ; saffron. 
Croft, s. a small enclosed home field. 
Croisa'de, s. See Cru'sade. 
Crom'lech, s. a large flat stone raised upon 

others, supposed tobe the remains of altars. 
Crone, s. an old ewe ; an old woman. 
Cro'ny, s. an intimate acquaintance, a friend. 
Crook, *. a hooked stick, a sheephook : v. to 

bend, to pervert. 
Crook'backed, a. having bent shoulders. 
Crook'cd, a. bent, curved, untoward. 
Crook'edly, ad. untowardly ; uncompliantly. 
Crook'edness, s. deviation from straightness. 
Croop, s. a disease in the throat to which 

children are subject. 
Crop, s. the harvest produce ; a bird's craw. 
Crop, v. to lop, to cut short ; to mow, to reap ; 

to yield a harvest. 
Crop'-eared, a. having the ears cropped. 
Crop'ped, a. cut off at the ends ; lopped. 
Crop'per, s. a pigeon with a large crop. 
Cro'sier, s. the pastoral staff or crook used 

by the bishops in the Church of Rome. 
Cross, s. one straight body laid at right angles 

over another; a misfortune, vexation. 
Cross, a. athwart, oblique ; peevish, fretful. 
Cross, v. to lay athwart, to pass over, to cancel ; 

to sign with the cross ; to vex. 
Cross'-barred, a. secured by transverse bars. 
Cross'-bill, s. a defendant's bill in Chancery. 
Cross'-bow, s. a weapon for shooting. 
Cross-bun', s. a cake marked with a cross. 
Cross'cut, v. to cut across. 
Cross'cut-saw, *. a saw with a handle at each 

end, to be used by two men. 
Cross-exam'ine, v. to examine witnesses by 

putting to them unexpected questions. 
Cross'-grained, a. ill-natured, troublesome. 
Cross'ly, ad. peevishly; adversely. 
Cross'ncss, s. perverseness, peevishness. 



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62 



Crass'-post, s. tlie post that conveys letters on 
cross-roads. 

Cross-pur'pose, s. a kind of enigma or riddle. 

Cross-ques'tion, v. to cross-examine. 

Cross'-road, s. not the direct highroad. 

Cross'-row, s. the alphabet, with a cross 
placed at the beginning. 

Cross'-trces, s. certain pieces of timber fas- 
tened to the masts of ships. 

Cross'-way, s. the place where one road 
crosses or intersects another. 

Cross'-wise, ad. across ; transversely placed. 

Crotch, s. a hook ; the fork of a tree. 

Crot'chet, s. one of the notes in music, equal 
to half a minim ; a mark in printing, 
formed thus [] ; a fancy, whim, conceit. 

Crouch, v. to stoop low, to fawn, to cringe. 

Croup, s. the buttocks of a horse ; the rump 
of a fowl. 

Croupier', s. a vice-president. 

Crout, Krout, s. a kind of pickled cabbage. I 

Crow, s. a bird, an iron lever : v. to make a | 
noise like a cock ; to boast, to vapor. j 

Crow'-bar, s. an iron bar or lever. 

Crowd, s. confused multitude ; the populace : 
v. to press close, to fill to excess ; to en- 
cumber. 

Crov/foot, *. a flower ; a caltrop. 

Crown, s. a diadem worn on the heads of 
sovereigns ; the top of the head ; a silver 
coin ; regal power ; a wreath or garland : 
v. to invest with a crown ; to complete, to 
finish. 

Crown'-glass, s. finest sort of window-glass. 

Crown-impe'rial, s. largest kind of daffodil. 

Crow's-feet, s. the wrinkles under the eyes, 
the effect of age. 

Cru'cial, a. transverse, running across. 

Cru'ciate, v. to torture, to torment. 

Crucia'tion, s. extreme torture. 

Cru'eible, s. a chemist's melting pot. 

Cru'cifix, s. a representation in statuary or 
painting, &c. of our Saviour on the cross. 

Crucifixion, s. the act of nailing to the cross, 

Cru'cify, v. to nail or fasten to a cross. 

Crude, a. raw, harsh, unripe, undigested. 

Cru'dely, ad. unripely ; not prepared. 

Cru'deness, Cru'dity, s. an undigested state. 

Cru'el, a. hard-hearted, fierce, inhuman. 

Cru'elly, ad. in a cruel manner ; painfully. 

Cru'elty, s. inhumanity, barbarity. 

Cru'et, s. a small vial for vinegar or oil. 

Cruise, s. a voyage without any certain 
course : v. to rove over the sea. 

Crui'ser, s. a ship that sails in quest of an 
enemy ; one that roves in search of plunder. 

Crumb, s. the soft part of bread ; a small 
piece or fragment of bread. 

Crum'ble, v. to break or fall into pieces. 

Crum'my, a. soft, full of crumbs. 

Crum'ple, v. to wrinkle, to ruffle, to disorder. 

Cru'or, s. gore, coagulated blood. 

Crup'per, s. a leather to keep a saddle right. 

Cru'ral, a. belonging to the leg. 

Crusa'de, s. an expedition against infidels ; 
a Portuguese coin stamped with a cross. 

Crusa'der, *. one employed in a crusade. 

Cruse, Cruise, s. a small cup. 

Cru'set, j. a goldsmith's melting-pot. 

Crush, v. to squeeze, to bruise ; to ruin : s. 
a collision, a falling down. 



CUL 

Crust, s. any shell or external coat ; outward 
part of bread ; an incrustation • v. to gather 
or contract a crust. 

Crusta'ceous, a. shelly, with joints. 

Crusta'tion, s. an adherent covering. 

Crust'ily, ad. peevishly ; snappishly. 

Crustiness, s. the quality of being crusty. 

Crust'y, a. like crust ; morose ; snappish. 

Crutch, s. a support used by cripples. 

Cry, v. to call, to weep, to exclaim, to pro- 
claim : s. a loud voice ; lamentation ; 
weeping. 

Crying, s. an outcry : a. notorious. 

Crypt, s. a subterranean cell or cave. 

Cryp'tic, Cryp'tical, a. secret, hidden. 

Cryp'tically, ad. occultly, secretly. 

Cryptogamlc, a. (in botany) having the fruc- 
tification concealed. 

Cryptog'raphy, s. art of writing in ciphers. 

Crys'ta), s. a transparent mineral ; a kind of 
glass : a. consisting of crystal ; transparent, 
clear. 

Crys'talline, a. resembling crystal. 

Crys'talline-humour, s. the second humour of 
the eye, that lies next to the aqueous. 

Crys'tallize, v. to form salts into small trans- 
parent bodies ; to congeal. 

Crystallizalion, s. congelation into crystals. 

Cub, *. the young of a beast, generally of a 
bear or fox : v. to brin? forth cubs. 

Cube, s. a regular solid body with six equal 
sides, as a die ; the product of a number 
multiplied twice into itself. 

Cu'bic, Cu'bical, a. formed like a cube. 

Cu'bically, ad. in a cubical method. 

Cubic'ular, a. belonging to a chamber. 

Cu'bit, s. a measure of eighteen inches. 

Cuck'ing-stool, s. a ducking-stool used for- 
merly for the punishment of scolds. 

Cuck'old, s. the husband of an adultress : v. 
to make a husband a cuckold. 

Cuck'oo, s. a well-known bird. 

Cu'cumber, s. a kind of plant, and its fruit. 

Cud, s. the food which ruminating animals 
bring from the first stomach to chew again. 

Cud'dy, s. an apartment in a ship. 

Cud'gel, s. a fighting-stick : v. to beat o» 
strike with a stick. 

Cue, s. the end of a thing ; hint, intimation. 

Cuer'po, [Sp.] s. bodily shape ; to be " in 
cuerpo," is to be without the coat or outer 
garment. 

Cuff, s. a box or blow with the fist ; the fold 
at the end of a sleeve : v. to strike with 
the fist. 

Cui'rass, s. a breastplate. 

Cuirassier', s. a soldier armed with a cuirass. 

Cuisse, s. armour that covers the thighs. 

Cu'linary, a. relating to the kitchen. 

Cull, v. to select from others. 

Cul'lender, s. See Colander. 

Cul'lion, s. a scoundrel ; a mean wretch. 

Cul'ly, j. a man deceived or imposed upon : 
v. to deceive, to trick, to impose on. 

Culm, s. a kind of small coal ; stalk of grass. 

Cul'men, *. the summit, the point. 

Cul'minate, v. to be in the meridian. 

Culmina'tion, s. the transit of a planet 
through the meridian ; the top or crown. 

Culpability, s. blamableness, culpableness. 

Cul'pable, a. criminal, guilty, blamablc. 



CUL 



63 



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Cnl'pableness, s. culpability ; blame. 
Cul'pably, ad. blamably ; guiltily. 
Cul'prit, s. a man arraigned before a judge. 
Cul'ter. See Coulter. 
Cultivable, a. that may be cultivated. 
Cultivate, v. to till ; to prepare for crops; to 

improve by culture. 
Cultiva'toT, 5. one that cultivates. 
Cultivation, j. the act of improving soils, &c. 
Cul'ture, s. the act of cultivation ; improve- j 

meut, melioration : v. to till, to improve. 
Cul'ver. 5. a pigeon, a wood pigeon. 
Cul'ver-house. s. a dove-cote. 
Cul'verin, s. a species of ordnance. 
Cum'bent, a. lying down ; reclining. 
Cum'ber, v. to embarrass, to entangle. 
Cum'bersome, Cum'brous, a. burdensome, 

embarrassing, vexatious, oppressive. 
Cum'brance, 5. hindrance, obstruction. 
Cum'brously, ad. in a cumbrous manner. 
Cum'frey, Com'frey, s. a medicinal plant. 
Cum'in, s. a kind of herb. 
Cu'mulate, v. to heap or pile up, to amass. 
Cumulation, s. the act of heaping together. 
Cumulative, a. consisting of parts heaped 

together. 
Cuncta'tion, s. delay ; procrastination. 
Cu'neated, a. formed like a wedge. 
Cun'ning, a. skilful, artful, crafty, subtle. 
Cun'ning, Cun'ningness, s. craft ; artifice. 
Cun'ningly, ad. artfully ; subtly ; skilfully. 
Cun'ning-maii. s. a conjurer. 
Cup, s. a drinking-vessel ; part of a flower. 
Cup. v. to draw blood by scarification. 
Cup'bearer, s. an officer of the household. 
Cup'board, s. a case with shelves, originally 

for cups. 
Cu'pel, *. a small cup used in refining metals. 
Cupid'ity, s. unlawful or inordinate desire. 
Cu'pola, s. a dome, an arched roof. 
Cup'ping, s. an operation in phlebotomy. 
Cup'phig-glass, s. a glass used by scarifiers, 

to draw out the blood by rarefying the air. 
Cu'preous, a. consisting of copper. 
Cur, s. a dog ; a snappish or mean man. 
Cu'rable, a. that may be cured. 
Cu'rableness, s. possibility to be healed. 
Cu'racy, s. the office of a curate. 
Cu'rate, s. a clergyman; one who officiates in 

the room of the beneficiary. 
Cu'rateship, s. the office of a curate. 
Cu'rat i ve, a. relating to the cure of diseases. 
Cura'tor, [Lat.] s. one that has the care and j 

superintendence of any thing. 
Curb, v. to restrain, to cheek, to bridle : s. 

part of a bridle ; check, restraint. 
Curd, s. the coagulation of milk : v. to turn 

into curds, to coagulate. 
Cur'dle, v. to coagulate, to turn into curds. 
Curd'y, a. coagulated; concreted. 
Cure, s. a remedy, a restorative ; the act of 

healing ; the benefice or employment of 

a curate : v. to restore to health ; to salt. 
Cu'red, p. and a. healed, restored, preserved. 
Cu'reless, a. having no remedy, incurable. 
Cur'few, s. an evening bell. 
Curios'ity, d. inquisitiveness ; a rarity. 
Curio'so, [Ital.] s. one who is fond of col- 
lecting rare and curious articles. 
Cu'rious, a. inquisitive, rare, nice, accurate. 
Cu'riously, ad. inquisitively ; elegantly. 



Cu riousness, s. singularity of contrivance. 

Curl, s. a ringlet of hair ; a wave : v. lutura 
into ringlets, to twist; to rise in waves ex 
undulations. 

Cur'lew, s. a kind of water fowl. 

Curl'iness, s. the state of any thing curled. 

Curl'ing-irons, Curl'ing-tongs, s. an iron in- 
strument for curling the hair. 

Curl'y, a. inclining to curl. 

Curmud'geon, s. an avaricious fellow, a churl, 
a miser, a niggard. 

Cur'rant, s. a well-known garden fruit ; a 
small kindof dried grape imported fromtfee 
Ionian Islands loriginally from Corinth). 

Currency, j. circulation, general reception ; 
paper established as, and passing for, the 
current money of the realm. 

Cur'rent, a. running ; passing ; generally re- 
ceived : s. a running stream ; course. 

Cur'rent! y, ad. in a constant motion. 

Cur'rentness, s. general reception ; currency. 

Cur'ricle, s. a chaise or carriage with two 
wheels, drawn by two horses abreast. 

Cur'rier, s. a dresser of tanned leather. 

Cur'rish, a. snappish, quarrelsome, sour. 

Cur'rishly, ad. in a currish manner. 

Cur'rishness, *. moroseness ; churlishness. 

Cur'ry, v. to dress leather ; to beat ; to rut 
the hide of a horse ; to tickle or please by 
flattery. 

Cur'ry, s. a mixture of various eatables sea- 
soned with hot and pungent spices. 

Cur'rycomb, s. an iron comb for horses. 

Curse, v. to wish evil to, to execrate, to tor- 
ment : s. a malediction ; a torment. 

Curs'edly, ad. miserably, shamefully. 

Curs'edness, s. the being doomed to evil. 

Curs'ing, s. execration ; act of swearing. 

Cur'sive, a. hasty, careless. 

Cur'soriness, s. slight attention. 

Cur'sitor, s. a clerk in Chancery. 

Cur'sory, a. superficial ; hasty, careless. 

Cursorily, ad. hastily, without care. 

Cur'sus, s. a course, a race. 

Curt, a. brief, short. 

Curtly, ad. briefly, shortly. 

Curtail', v. to cut off, to abridge. 

Cur'tain, s. the drapery of a bed or window ; 
a term in fortification : v. to hang or en- 
close with curtains. 

Ciir'tain-lecture, s. a lecture given by a wif« 
to her husband in bed. 

Cur'tal, a. brief, abridged. 

Curt'sy. See Courtesy. 

Cu'rule, a. belonging to a chariot ; senatorial. 

Curv'ated, a. bent ; crooked. 

Curva'tiou, *. the act of bending or crooking. 

Curv'ature, s. crookedness, bent form. 

Curve, v. to bend, to crook : a. crooked : *. 
any thing bent, or of a winding form. 

Curv'et, s. a leap, a bound, a frolic. 

Curvet', v. to leap, bound, prance, frisk. 

Curvilin'eal, Curvilin'ear, a. consisting ©f 
regularly bent or curved lines. 

Curv'ity, s. crookedness. 

Cush'ion, s. a soft seat for a chair. 

Cushioned, a. seated on a cushion. 

Cusp, s. the horns of the moon ; a point. 

Cusp'ated, a. terminating in a point, pomtea, 

Cusp'idal, a. sharp ; ending in a point. 

Cus'tard, s. sweet food, made of milk, &o> 



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64 



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Costo'clial, a. relating to custody. 
Cus'tody, s. imprisonment, security, care. 
Cus'tom, s. habitual practice, usage ; a tax 

or duty on exports and imports : v. to ac- 
custom, to make familiar. 
Cus'tomable, a. common, habitual ; subject 

to the payment of duties called customs. 
Cus'tom-house, s. a house where duties are 

received on imports and exports. 
Cus'toniarily, ad. habitually. 
Cus'tomariness, s. frequency ; commonness. 
Cus'tomary, s. a book of laws and customs : 

a. common, general. 
Cus'tomed, a. usual ; common ; accustomed. 
Cus'toiuer, s. one who buys any thing. 
Cus'tos, s. a keeper (as custos rotulorum, 

keeper of the rolls and records). 
Cut, v. to separate by an edged instrument ; 

to divide ; to hew, to carve : s. a wound 

made by cutting ; a part cut off ; a near 

cut or passage ; an engraving or printed 

picture ; shape. 
Cuta'neous, a. relating to the skin. 
Cu'tiele, s. a thin skin ; the scarf skin. 
Cutic'ular, a. belonging to the skin. 
Cut'lass, s. a bread eurving sword. 
Cut'Jer, s. one who makes knives, &c. 
Cut'lery, s. ware made by cutlers. 
Cut'let, s. a steak ; a chop. 
Cut'purse, s. a thief; a pickpocket. 
Cut'ter, s. a fast-sailing vessel ; one that cuts. 
Cut'throat, s. a murderer : a. murderous. 
Cut'ting, s. a piece cut off; a branch. 
Cut'tie, s. a fish, which when pursued throws 

out a black liquor : a. a foul-mouthed fellow. 
Cut'-water, s. the fore part of a ship's prow 

that cuts the water. 
Cyc'le, s. a circle ; a periodical space of time. 
Cyc'ioid, s. a figure of the circular kind. 
Cycloid'al, a. relating to a cycloid. 
Cyclopaedia, s. a body or circle of sciences ; 

a book of universal knowledge. 
Cyclope'an. Cyclop'ic, a. vast ; terrific. 
Cyg'net, s. a young swan. 
Cylinder, *. a long round body; a roller. 
Cylin'dric, Cylindrical, a. like a cylinder. 
Cyl'indroid, s. a solid body, having its bases 

elliptical, parallel, and equal. 
Cymar', s. a slight covering ; a scarf. 
Cym'bal, s. a musical instrument. 
Cyn'ic, s. a follower of Diogenes; asnarler. 
Cyn'ic, Cyn'ical, a. satirical, churlish. 
Cynically, ad. in a snarling morose manner. 
Cyn'icalness, s. moroseness, united with con- 
tempt of riches and pleasure. 
Cyn'icism, s. churlishness, moroseness. 
Cyn'osuro, s. the north polar star ; any thing 

which attracts attention. 
Cy'press, s. a tree ; an emblem of mourning. 
Cyp'rian, a. belonging to the island of 

Cyprus : s. a courtesan. 
Cy'prine, a. made of cypress wood. 
Cy'prus, s. a thin transparent stuff. 
Cyst, s. a bag in animal bodies containing 

morbid matter. 
Cys'tic, a. contained in a cyst or bag. 
Cyt'isus, s. a flowering shrub. 
Czar, s. the title of the emperor of Russia. 
Czari'na, s. title of the empress of Russia. 
Czaro'witz, s. the title of the eldest son of 

the czar and czarina. 



D is the numeral for 500 ; it is also used in 

certain abbreviations, as D. D. Doctor of 

Divinity, &c. 
Dab, v. to strike gently with something moist; 

to slap : s. a flat fish ; a gentle blow ; an 

adept. 
Dab'ble, v. to smear, to spatter; to meddle ; 

to play in water. 
Dab'bler, s. a superficial meddler. 
Dab'chick, s. a small water fowl. 
Dace, s. a small river fish. 
Dac'tyl, s. a poetical foot, consisting of one 

long syllable and two short ones. 
Dad, Dadda', Dad'dy, s. words by which a 

child is taught to call his father. 
Daffodil, Daffodilly, s. a Mower, a lily. 
Daft, a. idiotic ; imbecile in mind. 
Dag'ger, s. a short sword, a poniard ; an obe- 
lisk, or mark of reference, thus f- 
Dag'gle, v. to trail in the mire or water. 
Dag'glctail, a. bemired, bespattered. 
Dai'ly, a. and ad. happening every day ; 

very often. 
Dain'ty, a. delicate, nice : s. a delicacy. 
Dain'tily, ad. deliciously, delicately. 
Dain'tincss, s. delicacy ; softness. 
Dai'ry, s. a milk farm ; a house where milk 

is manufactured into butter and cheese. 
Dai'sied, a. full of or adorned with daisies. 
Dai'sy, s. a small common spring flower. 
Dale, €. a vale, a space between two hills. 
Dal'liance, s. mutual caresses, love ; delay. 
Dai'ly, v. to trifle, fondle, amuse ; to delay. 
Dam, s. a mother of brutes ; a mole or bank 

to stop water ; a floodgate. 
Dam, v. to shut up, to confine, to obstruct. 
Dam'age, s. mischief, loss, retribution : v. to 

injure, to impair, to hurt. 
Dam'ageable, a. which may be hurt. 
Dam'ask, s. linen or silk woven into regular 

figures : v. to weave in flowers. 
Dam'ask-rose, s. the rose of Damascus ; a 

red rose of a very sweet odour. 
Damaskeening, s. the art of adorning iron 

or steel, by making incisions, and filling 

them up with gold or silver wire. 
Dame, s. a lady ; a matron or mistress. 
Dam'n, v. to curse ; to doom to torments in a 

future state ; to censure, to condemn. 
Dam'nable, a. deserving damnation. 
Dam'nably, ad. in a damnable manner. 
Damna'tion, s. exclusion from Divine mercy, 

condemnation to eternal punishment. 
Dam'natory, a. containing a condemnation. 
Dam'ned, p. and a. cursed, detestable. 
Dam'nify, v. to injure, to hurt, to impair. 
Damp, a. moist; foggy; dejected: s. mois- 
ture ; fog ; depression of spirits : v. to 

moisten ; to dispirit. 
Damp'er, s. a discouragement. 
Damp'ish, a. moist ; inclining to wet. 
Damp'islmess, s. tendency to moisture. 
Damp'ness, s. moisture ; fogginess. 
Damp'y, a. moist ; dejected ; gloomy. 
Dam'sel, J. a young maiden, a girl. 
Dam'son, Damascene, s. a black plum. 
Dance, v. to move the feet to the sound oi 

music : *. regulated motion of the feet to 

music. 
Dan'cer, s. one that practises dancing. 



DAN 



65 



DEB 



Dan'cing, s. a motion of the feet to music. 

Dan'cing-master, 5. one who teaches dancing. 

Dandeli'ou, s. the name of a plant. 

Dan'diprat, s. a little fellow, an urchin. 

Dan'dle, v. to move an infant up and down 
on the hands to quiet or amuse it ; to 
fondle. 

Dan'driff, Dan'druff, s. scurf on the head. 

Dan'dy, s. a fop, a coxcomb. Compare 
D««rf/prat and Jackactawcfy. 

Dan'dyism, 5. foppery in dress and manners. 

Dane, s. a native of Denmark. 

Da'negelt, s. a tribute paid to the Danes. 

Da'nger, s. risk, hazard : v. to endanger. 

Da'ngerless, a. without hazard, very safe. 

Da'ngerous, a. full of danger, unsafe. 

Da'ngerously, ad. hazardously ; with danger. 

Da'ngerousness, s. danger, peril. 

Dan'gle, v. to bang loose, to follow. 

Dan'gler, a', one who dangles or hangs about. 

Da'nish, a. relating to the Danes. 

Dank, a. very damp, humid, wet. 

Dank'ish, a. somewhat damp. 

Dank'ishness, s. moisture ; dampness. 

Dap'per, a. little and active ; neat, tight. 

Dap'ple, v. to variegate, to streak. 

Dap'pled, a. of different colors, streaked. 

Dare, v. to challenge, to defy. 

Da'ring, a. bold, fearless, adventurous. 

Da'ringly, ad. boldly; courageously. 

Da'ringncss, s. boldness, fearlessness. 

Dark, a. wanting""light, gloomy, obscure : *. 
darkness, obscurity ; want of light. 

Dark'en, v. to make dark, to cloud, to perplex. 

Dark'ish, a. approaching to dark, dusky. 

Dnrk'ling, a. in the dark la poetic word). 

Dark'ly, ad. obscurely, blindly. 

Dark'ness, s. absence of light ; obscurity. 

Dark'some, a. gloomy, obscure. 

Dar'ling, s. a favorite : a. dear, beloved. 

Darn, v. to mend holes, to sew. 

Dar'nel, s. a common field weed. 

Dart, s. a weapon thrown by the hand : v. to 
let fly as a dart ; to move rapidly. 

Dash, v. to strike against ; to break by colli- 
sion ; to fly or start off abruptly ; to form 
or sketch in haste ; to obliterate with the 
stroke of a pen ; to confound or surprise 
with shame or fear : s. a sudden blow ; a 
collision; a mark in writing ( — ) ; show or 
flourish. 

Dash'ing, a. precipitately driving; showy. 

Das'tard, s. a coward: a. cowardly. 

Das'tardlincss, s. cowardliness. 

Das'tardly, a. cowardly, base, timorous. 

Da'ta, [Lat.] s. pi. facts or truths admitted. 

Date, v. to note the precise time : s. the 
time at which any event happened, or a 
letter is written ; a fruit. 

Da'teless, a. without any fixed term or date. 

Da'te-tree, s. a species of palin-treo. 

Da'tive, a. in grammar, the case that signifies 
the person to whom a thing is given. 

Daub, v. to smear ; to paint coarsely ; to 
flatter grossly : s. a coarse painting. 

Daui/ing, s. coarse painting ; gross flattery. 

Daub'y, a. slimy, adhesive, glutinous. 
Daugh'ter, jr. a female child. 
Daughterly, ad. like a daughter ; dutiful. 
Daunt, v. to diseourago, to intimidate. 
Daunt'less, a. fearless, bold. • 



Daunt'lessness, s. fearlessness, boldness. 

Dau'phin, s. the title of the heir apparent to 
the crown of France. 

Dau'phiness, s the wife of the dauphin. 

Daw, s. the name of a bird, the jackdaw. 

Daw'dle, v. to waste time ; to trifle. 

Dawn, v. to begin to show day or daylight ; 
to open upon : s. break of clay ; beginning. 

Dawn'ing, s. the light at break of day. 

Day, s. the time between the rising and set- 
ting of the sun ; the time from noon te 
noon, or from midnight to midnight ; light 
as opposed to darkness or night ; sunshine ; 
life ; an appointed time ; an age ; a con- 
test, as "to win the day." 

Day'book, s. a tradesman's account-book. 

Day'break, s. first appearance of day, dawn. 

Day'dream, s. a vision to the waking senses. 

Day'laborer, s. one that works by the day. 

Day'light, s. the light of the day. 

Day'spring, s. the rise of the day. 

Day'timc, s. the time in which there is light. 

Day's-work, s. the work of one clay. 

Daz'zfe, v. to overpower with light ; to sur- 
prise with -splendor. 

Daz'zling, a. striking with splendor. 

Dea'con, s. one of the lowest order of the 
clergy ; a corporate officer. 

Dca'conry, s. dignity or office of deacon. 

Dead, a. deprived of life ; spiritless, dull. 

Dead-drunk, a. helplessly intoxicated. 

Dcad'en, v. to deprive of life or sensation; to 
weaken. 

Dead'liness, *. the state of being deadly. 

Dead'ly, a. destructive, mortal, cruel : ad. 
mortally, irreconcilably. 

Deadly-night'shade, s. a poisonous plant. 

Dead'ncss, s. want of natural or vital power. 

Dead-reck'oning, s. a conjecture of a ship's 
place by the log-book, without the observa- 
tion of the heavenly bodies. 

Dead'-watcr, s. the water that closes in with 
a ship's stern. 

Deaf, a. wanting the sense of hearing. 

Deafen, v. to make deaf, to stupify. 

Deafness, s. want of the power of hearing. 

Deal, s. a share, a portion, a quantity ; a 
thin plank : v. to divide ; to distribute ; 
to traffic. 

Deal'er, s. one who deals cards ; a trader, 

Deal'ing, s. practice, intercourse, traffic. 

Dean, s. the second dignitary of a diocess. 

Dean'ery, *. the office or house of a dean. 

Dear, a. valuable, costly, beloved : s. a word 
of endearment ; darling. 

Deafly, ad. with fondness ; at a high price. 

Deafness, s. fondness, love ; high price. 

Dearth, s. scarcity, want, famine. 

Death, s. the extinction of life ; mortality. 

Dcath's-door, s. a near approach to death. 

Doath'lcss, a. immortal, perpetual. 

Death'like, a. resembling death, still. 

Death'watch, s. a small insect that makes a 
tinkling noiso, superstitiousJy supposed to 
prognosticate death. 

Debar', v. to exclude, preclude, hinder. 

Debark', v. See Dis'embark. 

Debarka'tion, s. act of disembarking. 

Doba'se, v. to degrade, to lower, to adulterate. 

Debasement, s. act of debasing or degrading. 
Deba'table, a. affording room for debate, 



DEB 



Co 



DEC 



Debate, s. a dispute, a contest, a quarrel : 

v. to deliberate, to dispute, to argue. 
Debateinent, S. controversy, deliberation. 
Debater, s. a disputant ; a controvertist. 
Debauch', s. excess, luxury, drunkenness : 

v. to corrupt, to vitiate, to ruin. 
Debauchee', s. a rake, a drunkard. 
Debauch'ery, s. lewdness, intemperance. 
Deben'ture, s. a writ, or written instrument, 

by which a debt is claimed. 
Debil'itate, v. to weaken, to enfeeble. 
Debilitating, a. calculated to weaken. 
Debilita'tion, s. the act of weakening. 
Debil'ity, s. weakness, langour. 
Deb'it, s. the debtor side of an account : v. 

to charge as a debtor. 
Debonair', [Fr.] a. elegant, civil, well-bred. 
Debonair'ly, ad. elegantly ; with a genteel air. 
Debou'ch, [Fr.] v. to issue or march out of a 

narrow place or defile. 
Debris, [Fr.] s.pl. fragments of rocks ; ruins; 

rubbish ; remains. 
Debt, s. that which one man owes to another. 
Debt'or, s. one that owes money, &c. 
Dec'ade, s. the sum or number of ten. 
Deca'dence, Deca'dency, s. a decay ; a fall. 
Dec'agon, s. a figure of ten sides and angles. 
Dec'alogue, s. the ten commandments. 
Decam'eron, ,y. the name of a book divided 

into ten parts. 
Decamp', v. to shift a camp ; to move off. 
Decamp'ment, s. the act of shifting the camp; 

marching or moving off. 
Decant', v. to pour off gently. 
Deeanta'tion, s. decanting or pouring off. 
Decan'ter, s. a glass vessel for liquor. 
Decap'itate, v. to behead, to cut or lop off. 
Decapitation, s. the act of beheading. 
Decay', s. a decline, a gradual falling away : 

v. to decline, to fail ; to fall or wither 

away. 
Decay'cr, s. that which causes decay. 
Dece'ase, s. departure from life, demise : v. 

to die, to depart from life. 
Dece'ased, a. departed from life, dead.' 
Deceit', s. fraud, craft, artifice, pretence. 
Deceit'ful, a. full of deceit, fraudulent. 
Deceittully, ad. fraudulently ; with deceit. 
Deceit'fulness, s. the being deceitful. 
Deceit'less, a. free from deceit. 
Dece'ivable, a. that may be deceived. 
Deceiv'ableuess, s. liableness to be deceived. 
Dece'ive. v. to delude, to impose upon. 
Dece'iver, s. one who deceives ; an impostor. 
Decem'ber, s. the last month of the year. 
Decern' virate, s. a government by ten rulers. 
Decem'viri, s. the ten governors of Rome. 
De'cency, s. propriety, modesty, decorum. 
Decen'mal, a. of or containing ten years. 
De'cent, a. becoming, suitable, modest. 
De'cently, ad. in a proper manner, modestly. 
Decep'tion, s. the act of deceiving ; fraud. 
Decep'tious, a. deceitful, fraudulent. 
Decep'tive, a. deceiving ; misleading. 
Decerpt', a. plucked, cropped. 
Deoi'dable, a. capable of being determined. 
Deci'de, v. to determine, settle, conclude. 
Deci'dod, a. determined, unequivocal. 
Deoi'dedly, ad. in a determined manner ; 

positively 
Decid'uous, a. falling off, not perennial. 



De"cimal, s. a tenth : a. numbered bv tens. 
De"c>mally, ad. by means of decimals. 
De"cimate, v. to take the tenth. 
Decima'tion, s. a tithing ; a seiection by let 

of every tenth soldier for punishment. 
Deci'pher, v. to explain, unravel, unfold. 
Decis'ion, s. the termination of a difference. 
Deci'sive, a. terminating, final, positive. 
Decisively, ad. in a decisive manner. 
Dcci'siveness, s. the quality of being deci- 
sive ; conclusiveness. 
Deck, v. to cover over ; to dress, to adorn. 
Deck, s. the floor of a ship ; a pile of cards. 
Deck'er, s. one who dresses or adorns ; spoken 

of a ship, as a two-decker ; that is, having 

two decks. 
Declaim', v. to harangue ; to speak to tho 

passions. 
Declaim'er, s. one who declaims. 
Declama'tion, s. a discourse addressed to thsj 

passions, an harangue. 
Deeiam'atory, a. full of declamation. 
Declarable, a. capable of proof; real. 
Declara'tion, s. an affirmation, a proclamation. 
Declar'ative, a. explanatory, proclaiming. 
Declar'atory, a. affirmative, clear, expressive. 
Decla're, v. to make known, to proclaim. 
Decla'redly, ad. avowedly ; undisguisedly. 
Declen'sion, s. declination, descent ; inflexion 

of nouns ; corruption of morals. 
Decli'nable, a. capable of being declined. 
Declina'tion, s. descent ; the act of bending ; 

(in astronomy) distance from the equator. 
Declina'tor, s. an instrument for taking the 

declination of the stars. 
Decli'ne, v. to lean, to bend, to decay ; to 

shun ; to refuse ; to inflect words : s. a 

decay, a tendency to worse. 
Decliv'ity, s. an oblique or gradual descent. 
Decoct', w.to prepare by boiling in ; to digest. 
j Decoc'tible, a. capable of being decocted. 
Decoc'tion, *. a preparation by boiling. 
Decompo'sable, a. that may be decomposed. 
Decompo'se, v. to dissolve or resolve a mixed 

body ; to unmix, to analyze. 
Decomposi"tion, s. the reduction of a body 

to the separate or elementary parts of 

which it is composed. 
Decompound', v. to decompose. 
Dec'orate, v. to adorn, to embellish. 
Decora'tion, s. an ornament; embellishment. 
Dec'orator, s. one who adorns or embellishes. 
Deco'rous, a. decent, suitable, becoming. 
Deco'rously, ad. in a becoming manner. 
Decor'ticate, v. to divest of bark, to peel. 
Decortication, s. the act of stripping off the 

bark of trees. 
Deco'rum, s. decency, order, seemliness. 
Decoy', v. to allure, to ensnare, to entrap : a. 

a place to catch wild fowl in. 
Decoy'-duck, s. a duck that lures others. 
Decre'ase, v. to grow less, to be diminished : 

s. a growing less, a decay. 
Decree', v. to determine, to ordain, to ap- 
point : s. an edict ; a law. 
Decrep'it, a. wasted and worn by age. 
Decrepitation, s. a crackling noise. 
Decrep'itude, s. the Jast stage ot old age. 
Decres'cent, a. growing less, decreasing. 
Decretal, a. appertaining to a decree. 
Decretal, ». a book of decrees or edicts. 



DEC 



67 



DEG 



Docre'tist, s. one who studies the decretal. 
Dec'retory, a. judicial, final, critical. 
Decri'al, s. clamorous censure. 
Decri'er, s. one who censures clamorously. 
Decry', v. to censure, to clamor against. 
Decuba'tion. Deeum'bence, s. the act of lying 

down, the posture of 1 ying. 
Decum'bent, a. lying on the ground ; low. 
Dec'uple, a. tenfold ; repeated ten times. 
Decur'rent, a. extending downwards. 
Decu'rion, 5. a commander of ten men. 
Ded'alous, a. (in botany l having a margin 

with various windings and turnings. 
Ded'icate, v. to devote to, to inscribe : a. 

consecrated ; appropriated. 
Dedica'tion, s. consecration ; a complimentary 

address prefixed to a book. 
Dedicator, s. one who inscribes his work to 

a patron. 
Ded'icatory, a. comprising a dedication. 
Dedu'ce, v. to gather or infer from. 
Dedu'cible, a. that which may be inferred. 
Deduct', v. to subtract, to separate. 
Deduc'tion, s. an abatement, an inference. 
Deduct'ive, a. that which may be inferred. 
Deductively, ad. by regular deduction. 
Deed, s an action, an exploit, a fact ; a writing 

containing a legal contract. 
Deem, v. to judge ; to conclude ; to think. 
Deeni'ster, s. a judge so called in Jersey and 

the Isle of Man. 
Deep, a. far to the bottom ; profound ; saga- 
cious ; artful : s. the sea, the ocean : ad. 

to a great depth. 
Deep'en, v. to make deep, to grow deep. 
Deep'ly, ad. to a great depth ; profoundly. 
Deep'-mouthed, a. having a loud, hollow 

voice. 
Deep'ness, s. depth, profundity, cunning, 

sagacity, insidiousness. 
Deep'-read, a. profoundly versed in books. 
Deep'-toned, a. having a low sonorous tone. 
Deer, s. a forest animal hunted for venison. 
Defa'ce, v. to destroy, to erase, to disfigure. 
Defa'cer, s. one who injures or disfigures. 
Defalcate, v. to cut or lop off, to abridge. 
Defalcation, s. a diminution, a cutting off. 
Defama'tion, s. slander, reproach, detraction. 
Defam'atory, a. calumnious, scandalizing. 
Defa'me, v. to censure falsely, to libel. 
Defa'mer, s. one that injures another by cast- 
ing unj ust reflections on his character. 
Default', s. an omission, defect, failure. 
Default'er, s. one who fails in payment, &c. 
Defeat', v. to overthrow, to frustrate : s. an 

overthrow, a frustration. 
Defecate, v. to cleanse, to purify. 
Defect', s. a fault, a blemish, an imperfeotion. 
Defectibil'ity, s. faultiness, imperfection. 
Defect'ible, a. imperfect, deficient, wanting. 
Defection, s. failure, apostasy, revolt. 
Defect'ive, a. full of defects, imperfect. 
Defectively, ad. wanting the just quantity. 
Defectiveness, s. the being defective. 
Defect'uous, a. full of defects, defective. 
Defen'ce, *. an act of resistance ; a verbal 

or written vindication ; a guard. 
Defcn'celess, a. naked, unguarded, impotent. 
Defen'celessness, s. an unprotected state. 
Defend', v . to protect, to vindicate, to uphold. 
Defend'able, a. that may be defended. 



Defend'ant, s. one who defends or opposes iia 
a court of lawthe demand or charge brought 
against him. 

Defend'er, s. a protector, a vindicator. 

Defensible, a. that maybe defended, right. 

Defensive, s. safeguard, in a state of de- 
fence : a. serving to defend. 

Defens'ively, ad. in a defensive manner. 

Defer', v. to put off, to delay ; to submit. 

Deference, s. regard, respect, submission. 

Deferen'tial, a. expressing deference. 

Deferlnent, s. delay ; a putting off. 

Defi'ance, s. a challenge ; an expression of 
abhorrence or contempt. 

Defi"ciency, s. a defect, want, imperfection. 

Defi"cient, a. failing, wanting, defective. 

Deficiently, ad. in a defective manner. 

Deficit, s. want, deficiency. 

Defi'er, s. a challenger, a contemner. 

Defi'le, v. to make foul, to pollute. 

Defi'le, s. a narrow pass in which troops ean 
pass only in file : v. to go off file by file. 

Defi'led, p. and a. polluted, corrupted. 

Defi'lement, *. pollution, corruption. 

Defi'ler, s. a corrupter, a violator. 

Defi'uable, a. that may be defined. 

Defi'ne, v. to give the definition, to explain. 

Definite, a. certain, limited, precise. 

Def initeness, s. certainty, limitedness. 

Defini"tion, s. a short description of a thing 
by its properties ; an explanation. 

Definitive, a. determinate, express, positive: 
s. that which ascertains or defines. 

Definitively, ad. positively ; decisively. 

Deflect', v. to turn aside, to deviate. 

Deflec'tion, s. deviation, a turning aside. 

Deflo'rate, a. having shed the pollen or fe- 
cundating dust (a botanical term). 

Deflora'tion, s. the act of deflouring. 

Deflour', v. to take away the flower or beauty 
of any thing ; to defile or pollute. 

Deflux'ion, s. flow of humours downwards. 

Deform', v. to disfigure, to spoil the form. 

Deformation, s. a disfiguring or defacing. 

Deform'ed, a. ugly, disfigured, crooked. 

Deformity, s. ugliness, crookedness. 

Defraud', v. to deprive of by fraud ; to cheat. 

Defraud'er, s. one who defrauds or cheats. 

Defraud'ment, *. the act of defrauding. 

Defray', v . to bear charges or expenses. 

Defray'er, s. one who discharges expenses. 

Defraytnent, s. discharge, payment. 

Deft, a. neat, handsome, proper, ready. 

Deftly, ad. neatly, dexterously. 

Defunct', a. dead, extinct : s. a dead person. 

Defy', v. to challenge, to dare. 

Degen'eracy, s. departure from ancestral 
virtue ; meanness, vice. 

Degen'erate, v. to decay in virtue or kind. 

Degen'erate, a. unworthy, base. 

Degen'erately, ad. in a degenerate manner. 

Degen'erateness, s. a degenerate state. 

Degradation, s. the act of degrading ; ;i 
placing lower ; baseness. 

Degra'de, v. to place lower ; to dishonor. 

Degra'dement, s. deprivation of rank or 
office ; degradation. 

Degra'dingly, ad. in a degrading manner. 

Degree', s. a step ; rank ; station ; descent ; 
rank or title at a university; the 360th 
part of a circle ; 60 geographical miles. 



DEH 



63 



DEN 



Dehort', v. to dissuade, to discourage. 

Dehort'atory, ft. belonging to dissuasion. 

Deifica'tion, s. the act of deifying. 

De'ify. v. to make a god of, to adore. 

Deign, v. to vouchsafe, to grant, to permit. 

De'ism, .?. th;? opinion of those who acknow- 
ledge one God, but deny revealed religion. 

De'ist, s. one who professes deism. 

Deist'ical, a. belonging to deism. 

De'ity, s. the Divine Being ; God. 

Deject', v. to cast down, to grieve, to afflict. 

Deject'ed, ft. cast down, depressed. 

Deject'edly, ad. in a dejected manner. 

Dcject'edness, s. the state of being cast down. 

Dejec'tion, s. lowness of spirits ; weakness. 

Deject'ory, ft. tending to cast down. 

Dejeune', [Fr.] s. a breakfast. 

Delay', v. to put off, to stop, to frustrate : s. 
a deferring ; a stop ; a hindcrance. 

Delayer, s. one that defers ; a putter off. 

Delec'table, a. delightful, phasing. 

Delec'tableness, s. delightfulness. 

Delec'tably, ad. delightfully ; pleasantly. 

Delecta'tion, s. pleasure, delight. 

Delegate, v. to send as a deputy ; to intrust. 

Del'egate, s. a deputy : ft. deputed. 

Del'egatcs, s. pi. an ecclesiastical court. 

Dclega'tion, s. a putting in commission ; 
persons representing any public body. 

Delete'rious, a. destructive, deadly. 

Del'etorv, s. that which blots out. 

Delf, Delft, s. a kind of counterfeit China 
ware, made originally at Delft. 

Deliberate, v. to weigh or balance in the 
mind ; to consider : a. circumspect, wary. 

Deliberately, ad. circumspectly ; slowly. 

Delib'erateness, s. circumspection. 

Deliberation, s. circumspection, thought. 

Deliberative, a. pertaining to deliberation. 

Del'icacy, s. daintiness, nicety ; scrupulous- 
ness ; tenderness. 

Del'icate, «. nice, dainty, polite, pure, fine. 

Delicately, ad. with delicacy. 

Del'icateno.ss, s. tenderness, effeminacy. 

DeIi"cious, ft. sweet, grateful, agreeable. 

Deli"ciously, ad. sweetly; pleasantly. 

Deli"ciousness, s. delight ; pleasure ; joy. 

Delight', s. joy, satisfaction, pleasure : v. to 
give delight; to please greatly. 

Delight'ful, «. charming, pleasant. 

Delightfully, ad. pleasantly ; with delight. 

Delight'fulness, s. pleasure ; satisfaction. 

Delight'some, a. very pleasing ; delightful. 

Delin'eate, v. to design, to sketch, to paint. 

Delinea'tion, s. an outline or sketch, either 
pictorial or descriptive. 

Delin'itnent, s. a mitigating or assuaging. 

Delinquency, s. default ; failure in duty. 

Delinquent, s. an offender, a criminal. 

Delicious, ft. light-headed, raving. 

Delir'iousness, s. the state of one delirious. 

Delir'ium, s. alienation of mind. 

Deliv'cr, v. to set free ; to release ; to give 
up ; to utter , to give birth to. 

Deliv'crable, a. that may be delivered. 

Deliverance, s. freedom from ; utterance. 

Deliverer, s. a saver; a rescuer. 

Dcliv'ery, s. release ; rescue ; childbirth. 

Dell. s. a hollow place ; a little valley. 

Del'ta, S. a triangular tract of land towards 
the mouth of a river. 



Delu'dablc, a. liable to be deceived. 
Delu'de, v. to cheat, to deceive, to beguile. 
Delu'der, s. a beguiler ; a deceiver. 
Delve, v. to dig, to fathom. 
Delv'er, s. one who digs with a spado. 
Del'uge, s. a general inundation: v. to drown, 

to overwhelm. 
Delu'sion, s. a cheat, a deception, an error. 
Delu'sive, Delu'sory, ft. apt to deceive. 
Delu'siveness, s. tendency to deceive. 
Dem'agogue, s. a leader or agitator of th« 

people ; a popular and factious orator. 
Demand', v. to ask or claim with authority , 

to question : s. a claim ; a question ; a call. 
Demand'able, ft. that may be demanded. 
Demarcation, s. separation of territories. 
Demean', v. to behave ; to conduct one's self. 
Demean'our, s. carriage, behaviour. 
Demen'ted, a. infatuated, insane. 
Demer'it, s. the opposite to merit ; fault. 
Deme'sne, Domain, s. the land attached to a 

manor or mansion-house. 
Dem'i, a. a prefix signifying half. 
Dem'i-devil, s. half a devil; a wicked wretch. 
! Dem'i-god, s . half a god ; a great hero. 

Dem'i-quaver, s. (in music) half a quaver. 
; Dem'irep, s. a woman of (half reputation) 

suspicious chastity. 
j Demi'se, 5. death, decease : v. to grant at 

one's death ; to bequeath ; to transfer. 
Demi-semi-quaver, s. the shortest note in 

music, (the half of a demiquaver.) 
Democ'racy, s. a form of government, in 

which the sovereign power is lodged in 

the body of the people. 
Dem'ocrat, s. one devoted to democracy. 
Democratic, Democrat'ical, ft. relating to 

democracy. 
Demol'ish, v. to destroy, to overthrow. 
Demoli"tion, s. the act of demolishing. 
De'inon, s. a spirit, generally an evil one. 
Demo'niac, s. one possessed with a demon. 
Demo'niac, Demoni'acal, a. devilish ; relat- 
ing to or influenced by demons. 
De'monism, s. the act of worshipping demons. 
Demonol'ogy, s. a treatise on demons. 
Demon'strable, a. that may be demonstrated. 
Demon'strably, ad. evidently ; beyond doubt. 
Demon'stratc, v. to prove with certainty. 
Demonstration, s. the act of demonstrating ; 

the highest degree of evidence ; certain 

proof. 
Demon'strative, ft. invincibly conclusive. 
Demon'strativcly, ad. clearly ; plainly. 
Dem'onstrator, 5. one that demonstrates. 
Demoraliza'tion, s. destruction of morals. 
Demoralize, v. to render immoral. 
Demuieent, s. any medicine that softens or 

mollifies: a. softening, mollifying. 
Demur', v. to delay, to hesitate; to delay a 

process in law by doubts and objections; 

s. doubt ; hesitation. 
Demu're, ft. sober, grave, affectedly modest, 
Demu'rely, ad. affectedly, solemnly. 
Demu'reness, s. gravity of aspect. 
Domur'rage, s. an allowance paid for delay- 
ing ships. 
Donuu'rer, s. a stop in a lawsuit. 
Demy', s. a kind of paper (demi-sized). 
! Den, s. a cavern ; cave for wild beasts, &o. 
i Denary, ft. relating to or containing ten. 



DEN 



69 



Denationalize, v. to deprive of national 

rights or to outlaw. 
Deni'able, a. that may be denied. 
Deni'al, s. refusal, negation, abjuration. 
Deni'er, s. a contradictor ; a disowner. 
Denier', [Fr.] a', a penny ; a small coin. 
Denization, s. the act of making a man free. 
Den'izen, ,?. a citizen ; a person enfranchised. 
Denominate, v. to give a name to. 
Denomination, s. a name given to; a title. 
Denom'inative, a. conferring a name. 
Denominator, *. the giver of a name ; the 

number below the line in a fraction. 
Deno'te, v. to mark, betoken, point out. 
Denou'ement, [Fr.] s. a winding up ; the 

discovery of the plot of a drama. 
Denoun'ce, v. to threaten, to accuse. 
Denouncement, s. a threat, an injunction. 
Denoun'cer, 5. one who denounces. 
Dens'e, a. close, compact, almost solid. 
Density, s. closeness, compactness. 
Dent. v. to indent, to mark with notches. 
Den'tal, a. relating to the teeth. 
Den'tate, Den'tated, a. toothed, notched. 
Den 'tides, s. pi. ornaments resembling teeth. 
Dentic'ulated, a. having small teeth or 

notches. 
Donticula'tion, s. a small indentation. 

Den'tifriee, s. a powder for the teeth. 
Dentil, s. a tooth-like oi-nament in cornices. 

Denti'lion, s. cutting or breeding the teeth. 

Den'tist, s. a tooth-doctor. 

Denu'de, v. to strip, to divest. 

Denuda'tion, s. the act of making naked. 

Denun'ciate, v. to denounce ; to threaten. 

Denuncia'tion, s. a public menace. 

Denunciator, s. he that proclaims a threat. 

Deny', v. to contradict ; to refuse, to disown. 

Deob'struent, a. removing obstructions : s. 
any aperient medicine. 

De'odand, s. any thing forfeited to the king ; 
originally intended to "be applied to piou3 
uses. 

Depart', v. to go away ; to leave ; to die. 

Dcpart'nicnt, s. a separate office or duty ; a 
division or province. 

Departmental, a. belonging to a department. 

Depar'ture, s. the act of going away. 

Depau'perate, v. to make poor. 

Depend', v. to hang from ; to rely on. 

Depend'ence, s. connexion, reliance, trust. 

Dcpend'ent, a. hanging from or down ; in 
the power of another : s. one who lives in 
subjection to another ; a retainer. 

Depict', v. to paint, to describe, to portray. 

Deple'tion, s. act of emptying out or from. 

Deplo'rable, a. sad, lamentable. 

Deplo'rableness, s. state of being deplorable. 

Deplo'rably, ad. lamentably ; miserably. 

Deplo're, v. to lament, to bewail, to mourn. 

Deploy 7 , v. to spread wide, to display. 

Deplu'me, v. to strip off the feathers. 

Depo'nent, s. a witness on oath : a. (in Latin 
grammar) verbs that have a passive form 
with an active signification. 

Depop'ulate, v. to unpeople, to lay waste. 

Depopulation, s. havoc, destruction, waste. 

Depop'ulator, s. one who depopulates. 

Depo'rt, v. to carry, to demean, to behave. 
Deporta'tion, s. transportation, exile. 
Depo'sal, s. the act of deposing. 



DEE 

Depo'se, v. to lay down ; to bear w'taess ; to 

displace from a throne ; to degrade. 
Deposit, s. any thing lodged in trust ; a 
pledge : v. to lay down ; to lodge as a pledge 
or security. 
Depositary, s. one with whom any thing is 

lodged in trust. 
Deposition, s. the act of deposing. 
Depository, s. a place in which deposits are 

lodged ; a store or warehouse. 
Depo't. [Fr.] s. a place in which stores are 

deposited for the use of an army. 
Deprava'tion, s. depravity, defamation. 
Depra've, v. to vitiate, to corrupt. 
Depra'vediy, ad. in a depraved manner. 
Dcpra'vemeut, s. a vitiated state. 
Depravity, Depra'vednoss, s. corruption ; 

taint; a vitiated state. 
Dep'recate, v. to pray deliverance from; to 

avert by prayer ; to regret deeply. 
Deprcea'tiou, s. a prayer against evil. 
Dep'recatory, Dep'recative, a. tending to re- 
move or avert evil by prayer. 
Depre'eiate, v. to lessen in price or value. 
Deprecia'tion, *. a lessening of the value. 
Depre'ciative, a. undervaluing. 
Depreda'tion, s. a robbing, a spoiling. 
Dep'redator, S. a robber, a plunderer. 
Depress', v. to press or east down, to humble, 

to deject. 
Depression, s. lowness of spirits ; the act of 

pressing down or humbling. 
Depres'sive, a. having the power to depress. 
Depri'vable, a. liable to deprivation. 
Depriva'tion, s. the act of depriving. 
Depri've, v. to take from, to bereave. 
Depth, 5. deepness, or measure from the sur- 
face downwards; profundity; abstruseness. 
Deputa'tion, *. act of deputing ; the persons 

deputed. 
Dcpu'te, v. to send with a special commis- 
sion, to empower to act. 
Dcp'uty, s. any one that transacts business 

for another, a substitute, a viceroy. 
Dera'nge, v. to turn out of the proper course ; 

to disorder. 
Dera'ngement, s. disorder ; insanity. 
Derelic'tion, s. an utter forsaking. 
Der'elict, a. utterly forsaken. 
Deri'de, v. to ridicule, mock, laugh at. 
Deri'der, s. a mocker; a scoffer ; a buffoon. 
Deri'diugly, ad. in a jeering manner. 
Deris'ion, s. the act of deriding, contempt. 
Deri'sive, a. ridiculing, scoffing. 
Deri'sively, ad. with derision. 
Deri'vable, a. that may be derived. 
Derivation, s. a tracing from its original. 
Derivative, a. derived from another : j. the 

word or thing derived from another. 
Deriv'atively, ad. in a derivative manner. 
Deri've, v. to deduce from its original ; t ; 

owe its origin to ; to descend from. 
Der'nier, [Fr.] a. the last, the only remaining 
Der'ogate, v. to disparage, to detract from ; 

a. lessened in value, damaged. 
Deroga'tion, s. the act of lessening or de- 
tracting from ; defamation. 
Derog'ative, Derogatory, a. detracting; les- 
sening the honor or value of. 
Derog'atorily, ad. in a detracting manner. 
Der'vis, s. a Turkish monk or priest. 



MS 



70 



jJET 



Des'cant, *. a song or tune in parts ; a dis- 
quisition ; a discourse. 

I)escant / , v . to discourse at large upon. 

Descend', v. to come down, to sink. 

Descend'ant, s. the offspring of an ancestor. 

Descend'ent, a. falling ; proceeding from. 

Deseen'sion, s. the act of falling or sinking. 

Descent', s. a declivity ; invasion; lineage. 

Descri'bable, a. capable of description. 

Descri'be, v. to represent by words, to deli- 
neate ; to mark out. 

Descrip'tion, s. the act of describing ; a re- 
presentation ; a delineation. 

Descriptive, a. giving a description. 

Descry', v. to spy out ; to detect ; to discover. 

Des'ecrate, v. to pervert from a sacred pur- 
pose ; to profane. 

Desecration, s. the act of desecrating ; a pro- 
fanation. 

Desert', s. merit, worth; claim to reward. 

Des'ert, s. a wilderness ; solitude ; waste. 

Desert', v. to forsake, to abandon, to quit. 

Desert'er, s. one who forsakes his cause ; he 
that deserts his regiment. 

Deser'tion, s. act of forsaking or abandoning. 

Deser've, v. to be worthy of, to merit. 

Deserv'edly, ad. worthily ; justly. 

Deserv'ing, p. and a. worthy of; good. 

Deserv'ingly, ad. worthily ; meritoriously. 

Deshabil'le, [Fr.] s. an undress. 

Desideratum, s. that which is desirable. 

Desi'gn, v. to purpose, to project, to plan ; 
to sketch out : s. a plan ; a scheme ; an in- 
tention. 

Designate, v. to point out; to distinguish. 

Designation, s. appointment; intention ; the 
act of pointing or marking out. 

Designedly, ad. intentionally, purposely. 

Desi'gner, s. a contriver ; an architect. 

Designing, a. deceitful, cunning, insidious. 

Desi'gning, *'. the art of delineating. 

Desi'rable, a. worthy of desire, pleasing. 

Desi'rableness, s. quality of being desirable. 

Desi're, s. wish ; eagerness to obtain or enjoy : 
v. to wish for ; to express wishes ; to ask 
or demand. 

Desi'rous, a. full of desire, eager, anxious. 

Desi'rously, ad. with desire, earnestly. 

Desist', v. to cease from any thing, to stop. 

Desk, s. an inclining table to write on. 

Des'olate, v. to lay waste, to make desert. 

Des'olate, a. laid waste, uninhabited, solitary. 

Des'olately, ad. in a desolate manner. 

Desolation, s. destruction ; destitution. 

Des'olatory, a. causing desolation. 

Despair', s. hopelessness, despondence : V. 
to be without hope, to despond. 

Despair'ing, p. and a. giving up to despair. 

Despair'ingiy, ad. in a hopeless manner. 

Despatch', v . to send away hastily ; to per- 
form quickly ; to conclude an affair ; to 
kill : s. hasty execution ; speed ; an ex- 
press or hasty message. 

Despera'do, s. a furious desperate man. 

Des'perate, a. having no hope ; furious, rash. 

Des'perately, ad. rashly, madly, furiously. 

Desperation, *. despair ; rashness. 

Des'picable, a. contemptible, worthless. 

Des'picableness, s. meanness ; vileness. 

Des'pieably, ad. meanly ; vilely. 

Despis'e, v. to scorn, to disdain, to slight. 



Despi'ser, s. a contemner ; scorner. 
Despite, s. malice, malignity; defiance. 
Despiteful, a. malicious, full of hate. 
Despi'tefully, ad. maliciously; malignantly. 
Despoil', v. to rob, to plunder, to deprive. 
Despoliation, s. the act of despoiling. 
Despond', v. to despair, to lose hope. 
Despond'ency, s. despair, hopelessness. 
Despond'ent, a. dejected, despairing. 
Despond'ingly, ad. in a hopeless manner. 
Des'pot, s. an absolute prince ; one that 

governs with unlimited authority. 
Despot'ic, a. absolute, arbitrary, tyrannical. 
Despotically , ad. in a despotic manner. 
Despotism, s. absolute power, tyranny. 
Despu'mate, v. to throw off in foam, to froth. 
Dessert, s. fruit served after dinner. 
Destination, s. the destined purpose or place. 
Destine, v. to doom, to appoint, to devote. 
Destiny, s. fate, doom ; invincible necessity. 
Destitute, a. forsaken, in want, friendless. 
Destitution, s. want, poverty. 
Destroy', v. to lay waste, to kill, to ruin. 
Destroy'able, a. that may be destroyed. 
Destroy'er, s. the person that destroys. 
Destructibil'ity, s. liableness to destruction. 
Destructible, a. liable to destruction. 
Destruction, s. demolition ; ruin ; death. 
Destructive, a. destroying, wasteful. 
Destructively, ad. ruinously; mischievously. 
Destructiveness, s. the quality of destroying 

or ruining. 
Des'uetude, s. disuse of a custom. 
Des'ultorily, ad. in a desultory manner. 
Bes'ultoriness, s. unconnectedness. 
Des'ultory, a. unsettled, unconnected. 
Detach', v. to separate ; to send off a party. 
Detach'ed, p. and a. sent off ; disengaged. 
Detach'ment, s. a body of troops detached. 
Detail', s. a minute and particular relation : 

V. to relate minutely and particularly. 
Detain', v. to keep back ; to delay. 
Detect', v. to discover, to find out. 
Detect'er, s. one who finds out what another 

tries to conceal. 
Detection, s. discovery of guilt or fraud. 
Detention, s. the act of detaining ; restraint. 
Detective, a. fit, or able to detect. 
Deter', v. to discourage, to dishearten. 
Deter'gent, a. cleansing, purging: s. a 

cleansing or purgative medicine. 
Dete'riorate, v. to impair ; to make worse. 
Deterioration, s. state of growing worse. 
Determinable, a. that which can be decided. 
Deter' minate, a. fixed, limited ; decisive. 
Deter'minately, ad. resolutely, decisively. 
Determination, *. a decision ; a resolution. 
Deter'minative, a. directing to a certain end. 
Detor'mine, v. to fix, to resolve, to decide. 
Deter'mined, p. and a. resolved; decided. 
Deter'sive, a. having power to cleanse : s. 

a cleansing or detergent medicine. 
Detest', v. to hate, abhor, dislike greatly. 
Detest'able, a. hateful, odiou3, abominable. 
Detest'ableness, *. extreme hatefulness. 
Detest'ably, ad. abominably ; hatefully. 
Detestation, *. hatred, abhorrence. 
Dctest'er, s. one that hates or abhors. 
Dethro'ne, v. to divest of sovereignty. 
Dethronement, s. the act of dethroning. 
Defoliate, v. to make a noise like thunder. 



tJET 



71 



DIE) 



Detona'tion, s. the act of exploding. 
Detor'tion, s. a wresting or perversion from 

the true import. 
Detou'r, [Fr.] s. a turning ; a way about. 
Detract', v. to derogate, to slander, to defame. 
Detract'er, Detract'or, s. one who detracts 

from the reputation of others ; a slanderer. 
Detraction, s. defamation, slander. 
Detract'ive, a. tending to detract. 
Detract'or y, a. defamatory, derogatory. 
Det.'Timent, s. loss, damage, harm. 
Detrimen'tal, a. hurtful, injurious. 
Detri"tion, s. the act of wearing away. 
Detru'de, v. to thrust down ; to lower. 
Detrunca'tion, s. the act of lopping off. 
Detru'sion, s. the act of thrusting down. 
Deuce, s. the two in cards or dice ; the devil. 
Dev'astate, Devas'tate, v. to lay waste. 
Devasta'tion, s. waste, havoc, destruction. 
Devel'op, v. to unfold, to unravel, to detect. 
Devel'opment, s. an unfolding of. 
Devex'ity, s. incurvation downwards. 
De'viate, v . to wander, to go astray ; to err. 
Deviation, s. quitting the right way ; offence. 
Devi'ce, s. a contrivance , an emblem. 
DeVil, s. Satan ; a very wicked person. 
Dev'ilish, a. diabolical ; very wicked. 
Devil ishness, s. the quality of being devilish. 
Dev'ilism, s. the state of devils. 
Devilry, s. devilment ; impiety. 
De'vious, a. out of the common track ; erring. 
Devi'se, s. a will or testament; a bequest: 

v. to contrive ; to give by will. 
Devi'sable, a. that may be devised. 
Devi'sor, s. one who grants by will. 
Devoid', a. empty, vacant, destitute of. 
Devoir', *'. service ; an act of civility. 
Devol've, v. to fall by succession into new 

hands ; to roll down. 
Devolution, s. the act of rolling down. 
Devo'te, v. to consecrate ; to give up. 
Devo'tedness, s. state of being devoted to. 
Devotee', s. a bigot, a superstitious person. 
Devo'tement, s. consecration, a giving up. 
Devo'tion, s. piety ; worship ; zeal ; ardour. 
Devo'tional, a. suited to devotion. 
Devour', v. to eat ravenously ; to consume. 
Devour'er, s. a consumer ; he that devours. 
Devour'ingly, ad. in a devouring manner. 
Devout', a. pious, religious, sincere. 
Devout'ly, ad. piously ; with ardent devotion. 
Devout'ness, s. piety, devotion. 
Dew, s. a thin cold vapour or moisture : v. 

to moisten or wet with dew. 
Dew-drop, *. a drop of dew, a spangle of dew. 
Dew'-impearled, a. covered with dewdrops. 
Dew'lap, s. the flesh hanging from the throats 

of oxen. 
Dew'y, a. resembling or moist with dew. 
Dexter'ity, s. activity, expertness, readiness. 
Dex'ter, a. the right, not the left. 
Dex'terous, a. expert; adroit; skilful. 
Dex'terously, ad. expertly, skilfully, artfully. 
Dex'terousness, s. dexterity ; adroitness. 
Dey, s. the title of a Moorish prince. 
Diabe'tes, s. a morbid excess of urine. 
Diabe'tic, a. pertaining to diabetes. 
Dia'blerie, [Fr.] s. devilry ; hocus-pocus. 
Diabol'io, Diabolical, a. devilish, impious. 
Diabol'ically, ad. in a nefarious manner. 
Diab'olism, s. devilishuess. 



Diach'ylon, s. an emollient plaster. 
Di'adem, s. a crown, an ensign of royalty. 
Difer'esis, s. the mark used to separate a 

diphthongal syllable ; as in aerial. 
Diab'olism, s. the actions of the devil. 
Diagnostic, s. a distinguishing symptom : a. 

characteristic ; distinguishing. 
Diag'onal, s. a line from angle to angle : a. 

reaching from one angle to another. 
Diag'onally, ad. in a diagonal direction. 
Di'agram, s. a mathematical scheme, or de- 
lineation for demonstration. 
Di'al, s. a plate on which a hand shows the 

hour of the day by the progress of the sun. 
Di'alect, s. a peculiar form or idiom of a 

language ; a peculiar manner or style of 

speaking. 
Dialec'tic, a. pertaining to logic. 
Dialecti"cian, s. a logician ; a reasoner. 
Dialec'tics, s. the art of logic. 
Di'alist, s. a constructor of dials. 
Di'alling, s. the art of constructing dials. 
Dialogist'ic, a. having the form of a dialogue. 
Di'alogue, s. a conversation between two or 

more persons ; alternate discourse. 
Diam'eter, *. a line which passes through 

the centre of a circle or globe. 
Diamet'rical, a. pertaining to the diameter. 
Diamet'rically, ad. in a diametrical direc- 
tion ; in direct opposition. 
Di'amond, s. the most valuable of all gems. 
Diapa'son, s. an octave in music ; a concord. 
Di'aper, s. a sort of fine flowered or figured 

linen : v. to variegate with flowers. 
Diaphon'ics, *. the science of refracted 

sounds passing through different mediums. 
Diaphoret'ic, s. a sudorific medicine : a. pro-' 

moting perspiration . 
Di'aphragm, s. the midriff. 
Diarrhce'a, s. a purging ; a flux. 
Diarrhcet'ic, a. purgative. 
Di'ary, s. a daily account ; a journal. 
Dias'tole, s. the making a short syllable long; 

the dilatation of the heart. 
Diates'saron, s. the four Gospels; (in music) 

a perfect fourth. 
Diaton'ic, a. (in music) proceeding by dif- 
ferent tones, in ascending or descending. 
Di'atribe, s. a long and tedious disputation. 
Dib'ble, s. a gardener's planting-tool : v. t» 

plant with a dibble. 
Dice, s. pi. of Die : v. to game with dice. 
Di'cer, s. a player at dice, a gamester. 
Dichot'omous, a. regularly divided by pairs. 
Dicotyl'edon, s. a plant whose seeds divide 

into two lobes when germinating. 
Dic'tatc, v. to tell what to write ; to instruet 

or order : s. a precept ; an instruction. 
Dicta'tion, s. the act of dictating. 
Dicta'tor, s. a ruler ; a Roman magistrate. 
Dictato'rial, a. authoritative, overbearing. 
Dictatorship, s. the office of a dictator. 
Dicta'trix, s. a female who commands. 
Dic'tion, s. stylo, language, expression. 
Dic'tionary, s. a book explaining the words 

of any language alphabetically ; a lexicon. 
Dic'tum, *. a positive saying or assertion. 
Didac'tic, a. preceptive, doctrinal. 
Didac'tically, ad. in a didactic manner. 
Did'apper, s. a bird that dives into the water. 
Did'dle, v. to totter like a child ; to trick. 



DID 



72 



DIE 



Diduc'tion, s. a separation effected by with- 
drawing one part from another. 

Die, v. to lose life, to perish. 

Die, s. a small marked cube to play with ; 
stamp used in coinage. 

Di'et, s. an assembly of princes or states. 

Di'et, s. food ; prescribed or regulated food ; 
v. to supply with food. 

Di'etary, a. pertaining to the rules of diet. 

Dietet'ic, Dietet'ical, a. relating to diet. 

Differ, v. to be unlike, to vary, to disagree. 

Difference, s. dissimilitude ; a dispute. 

Different, a. distinct, unlike, dissimilar. 

Differencial, a. belonging to the method of 
calculating by infinitely small parts. 

Differently, ad. in a different manner. 

Difficult, a. hard to be done, not easy; la- 
borious, troublesome, vexatious. 

Difficultly, ad. hardly; with difficulty. 

Difficulty, s. that which is hard to accom- 
plish ; an objection or obstacle ; distress, 
perplexity. 

Diffidence, s. distrust, want of confidence. 

Diffident, a. not confident, distrustful. 

Diffidently, ad. in an unassuming manner. 

Diffuse, v. to pour out, to scatter, to spread 
abroad. 

Diffu'se, a. widely spread, not concise. 

Diffu'sely, ad. widely ; copiously. 

Diffu'sion, s. dispersion, a spreading abroad. 

Diffu'sive, a. dispersed, scattered, extended. 

Diffu'sivcly, ad. widely, extensively. 

Diffu'sivcness, s. the quality of being dif- 
fusive ; want of conciseness. 

Dig, v. to turn up or cultivate land. 

Digest', v. to dissolve in the stomach ; to re- 
duce to a plan, to arrange. 

Di'gest, s. a collection or body of laws. 

Digest'er, s. that which assists the digestion. 

Digestibil'ity, s. the being digestible. 

Digest'ible, a. that may be digested. 

Diges'tion, s. the dissolving of food in the 
stomach ; reduction to a regular plan. 

Digest'ive, a. having power to cause diges- 
tion : s. a medicine to aid digestion. 

Dight, v. to deck, to dress, to adorn. 

Di"git, s. three quarters of an inch ; the 
twelfth part of the diameter of the sun or 
moon ; any number under ten. 

Di"gital, a. pertaining to a digit or the 
finger. 

Digita'lis, s. a powerful medicine ; foxglove. 

Di"gitated, a. branched out like fingers. 

Dig'nified, p. and a. exalted, having dignity. 

Dig'nify, v. to advance, to exalt, to honor. 

Digmitary, s. a clergyman advanced to some 
dignity above that of a parochial priest. 

Dig'nity, s. grandeur, honor, rank. 

Di'graph, s. two vowels pronounced as one. 

Digress', v. to turn aside, to expatiate. 

Digression, s. a deviation from the subject. 

Digres'sive, a. deviating, expatiating. 

Digres'sively, ad. in the way of digression. 

Dike, s. a ditch, a bank, a mound. 

Dilapidate, v. to fall to ruin. 

Dilapidation, s. decay for want of repair. 

Dila'table, a. capable of extension. 

Dilata'tion, s. expansion, extension. 

Dila'te, v. to extend, to widen; to enlarge 
upon, to tell diffusely. 

Dila'tor. s. a muscle that dilates. 



Dil'atorily, ad. in a dilatory manner. 
Dil'atoriness, s. slowness, sluggishness. 
Dil'atory, a. tardy, slow, loitering. 
Dilom'ma, s. a difficult situation or choice. 
Dilettan'te, [Ital.] s. a lover of the fino 

arts. In the plural, Dilcttan'ti. 
Dil'igence, s. industry, constant application 
Dil'igent, a. persevering, assiduous, not idle. 
Diligently^, ad. with assiduity and care. 
Dil'uent, a. making thin or more fluid : s. 

that which thins other matter. 
Dilu'te, v. to make thin, to weaken. 
Dilu'tion, s. the act of diluting. 
Dilu'vial, a. belonging to a Hood. 
Dilu'vian, a. relating to the deluge. 
Dim, a. not clear in sight : v. to darken. 
Dimen'sion, .?. bulk, extent, capacity. 
Diinin'ish, v. to lessen, to impair, to degrade. 
Diminu'tion, s. the act of making less. 
Dimin'utive, a. small : s. a word expressive 

of diminution ; that which diminishes. 
Dimin'utively, ad. in a diminutive manner. 
Dimin'utiveness, s. smallncss, littleness. 
Dim'issory, a. granting leave to depart. 
Dim'ity, s. a fine fustian or cloth of cotton. 
Dim'ly, ad. obscurely, imperfectly. 
Dim'ness, s. dulness of sight, obscurity. 
Dim'ple, s. a small hollow in the cheek or 

chin : v. to sink in small cavities. 
Dim'pled, Dim'ply, a. full of dimples. 
Dim'-sighted, a. having imperfect vision. 
Din, s. a loud noise : v. to stun with noise. 
Dine, v. to eat or give a dinner. 
Ding, v. to dash or throw down with violence 
Ding-dong', s. a word by which the sound of 

bells is intended to be imitated. 
Din"gle, s. a hollow between two hills. 
Din'giness, s. the quality of being dingy. 
Din'gy, a. dark, dirty, soiled, foul. 
Di'ning-room, s. a room used to dine in. 
Din'ner, *. the chief meal of the day. 
Dint, s. a blow, a mark ; violence, force. 
Di'ocesan, s. a bishop or head of a diocess : 

a. pertaining to a diocess. 
Di'ocess, A', the jurisdiction of a bishop. 
Diop'tric, Diop'trical, a. assisting the sight 

in the view of distant objects. 
Diop'trics, s. the science of refracted lights. 
Dioram'a, s. that which is seen through an 

opening, as when clouds break ; a kind of 

exhibition of paintings. 
Dip, v. to put into any fluid, to immerse ; to 

enter slightly into : s. an immersion. 
Dipef alous, a. having two flower-leaves. 
Dip'hthong, s. two vowels joined together. 
Diphthongal, a. belonging to a diphthong. 
Diplo'ma, *. a writing or document confer- 
ring some privilege. 
Diplo'macy, s. the art or practice of treating 

with foreign states by diplomas or letters 

interchanged ; the skill and tact necessary 

for an envoy. 
Diplomatic, a. relating to envoys. 
Diplo'matist, s. one skilled in diplomacy. 
Dip'ping-needle, s. a magnetic needle that 

dips or inclines to the earth. 
Dip'teral, a. having two wings only. 
Dip'tot9, s. a noun of two cases only. 
Diradia'tion, s. the diffusion of the rays oi 

light from a luminous body. 
Dire, Di'rcful, a. dreadful, dismal, horrible. 



13 IE 



73 



Direct', v.: straight, open, plain, express: v. 
to aim or drive on a straight line ; to re- 
gulate,- to command. 

Direction, s. an aim ; superscription. 

Directive, a. having the power of direction. 

Directly, ad. immediately, apparently. 

Direct'ness, s. tendency to any point. 

Dircc'tor, s. a superintendent; an instructor. 

Directo'rial, a. giving direction. 

Direc'tory, s. a hook of directions or ad- 
dresses : a. guiding, enjoining. 

Di'reful, a. dreadful, tcrrihle, calamitous. 

Di'reful ly, ad. dreadfully, terribly. 

Di'refulness, *. dreadfulness, horror. 

Di'reness, s. dismalncss, horror. 

Dircp'tion, s. the act of plundering. 

Dirge, s. a mournful or funeral ditty. 

Dirk, s. a kind of dagger or short sword. 

Dirt, s. mud, filth, mire : v. to dirty. 

Dirtily, ad. nastily, foully, filthily. 

Dirtiness, s. nastiness, sordidness. 

Dirt'y, a. foul, nasty, sullied ; base, mean : 
v. to soil or make foul. 

Dirup'tion, s. the act or state of bursting. 

Disability, s. want of power, weakness. 

Disa'ble, v. to render incapable, to impair. 

Disabu'se, v. to undeceive ; to set right. 

Disaccom'modafe, v. to inconvenience. 

Disadvan'tago, s. loss, injury to interest. 

Disadvantageous, a. hurtful, prejudicial. 

Disadvantageous] y, ad. prejudicially. 

(Disadvanta'geousness, s. loss ; injury. 

Disaffect', v. to fill with discontent. 

Disaffect'ed, p. and a. not wishing well to. 

Disaffect'edly, ad. in a disaffected manner 

Disaffect'edness, s. the being disaffected. 

Disaffection, s. want of loyalty or zeal. 

Disaffirm', v. to deny, to contradict. 

Disagree', v. to differ in opinion, to quarrel. 

Disagree'able, a. offensive, unpleasing. 

Disagree'ableness, 5. unpleasantness. 

Disagree'ably, ad. unsuitably, unpleasantly. 

Disagrcc'ment, s. difference, unsuitableness. 

Disallow', v. to deny ; to refuse permission. 

Disallow'able, a. not allowable, improper. 

Disannul', v. to annul, to make void. 

Disannul'ment, s. the act of annulling. 

DisapparCl, v. to disrobe ; to undress. 

Disappear', v. to bo lost to view, to vanish. 

Disappcar'ance, s. a becoming invisible. 

Disappoint', v. to defeat the expectation. 

Disappoint'ment, s. defeat of expectation. 

Disapprobation, s. dislik«, censure. 

Disapprobatory, a. not approbatory. 

Disappro'val, s. disapprobation. 

Disappro've, v. to censure, to dislike. 

Disarm', v. to take away or divest of arms. 

Disarm'cd, p. and a. deprived of arms. 

Disarrange, v. to unsettle. 

Disarrangement, s. disorder, confusion. 

Disarray', s. undress, disorder, confusion : v. 
to undress ; to overthrow. 

Disassociate, v. to disunite. 

Disas'ter, s. misfortune, grief, mishap. 

Disastrous, a. unlucky, calamitous. 

Disastrously, ad. in a disastrous manner. 

Disavouch', Disavow', v. to disown. 

DLsavow'al, Disavow'mont, s. denial. 

Disband', v. to dismiss from military service ; 
to separate, to break up, to scatter. 

Disbark', v. See Disembark. 



BIS 

Disbelief, s. a refusal of belief, discredit. 

Disbelie've, v. not to credit or believe. 

Disbelie'ver, s. one who refuses belief. 

Disbranch', v. to separate or lop off. 

Disbur'den, v. to unload, to discharge. 

Disbur'se, v. to spend or lay out money. 

Disbursement, s. a disbursing of money. 

Discard', v. to dismiss or eject from service. 

Disca'se, v. to strip, to undress. 

Discern', v. to descry, to distinguish, to judge. 

Discernible, a. perceptible, discoverable. 

Discemlbleness, s. visiblcness. 

Discern'ibly, ad. perceptibly; apparently. 

Discerning, p. and a. judicious, knowing : *. 
the power of accurately distinguishing. 

Discerning] y, ad. with discernment. 

Discern'ment, s. judgment, skill. 

Disccrp', v. to tear in pieces. 

Discerp'tion, s. the act of pulling to pieces. 

Dischar'ge, v. to unload ; to dismiss, to pay: 
S. a dismissing ; an acquittance. 

Discinct', a. ungirded ; loosely dressed. 

Discind', v. to divide ; to cut into pieces. 

Disci'ple, *. a scholar; a follower. 

Disciplina'rian, s. one who rules with strict- 
ness : a. pertaining to discipline. 

Disciplinary, a. pertaining to discipline. 

Discipline, s. military regulation, order : v. 
to instruct, to regulate, to keep in order. 

Disclaim', v. to disown, to deny, to renounce. 

Disclaimer, s. one that disclaims; a denial. 

Disclo'se, v. to reveal, to tell, to discover. 

Disclo'sure, s. revealing a secret, discovery. 

Discol'or, v. to change the color ; to stain. 

Discolora'tion, s. change of color. 

Discovered, p. and<2. changed in color. 

Discom'fit, v. to vanquish : s. a defeat. 

Discom'fituro, s. overthrow, loss of battle. 

Discom'fort, s. uneasiness ; sorrow : v. to 
grieve, to sadden 

Discommend', v. to censure, to blame. 

Discommend'able, a. blamable, censurable, 

Discommo'de, v. to put to inconvenience. 

Discommo'dious, a. inconvenient. 

Discompo'se, v. to disturb ; to ruffle ; to vex. 

Discompo'sure, s. disorder, perturbation. 

Disconcert', v. to unsettle ; to baffle. 

Disconform'ity, s. want of agreement. 

Disconnect', v. to disunite, to sever. 

Disconnect'ed, a. freed from connection with. 

Disconnection, s. disunion of parts. 

Disconsolate, a. comfortless, sorrowful. 

Discontent', s. want of content, sorrow. 

Discontent'ed, a. uneasy, dissatisfied. 

Discontcnt'edness, Discontentment, s. the 
state of being discontented ; uneasiness. 

Discontinuance, Discontinua'tion, s. a cessa- 
tion, separation, intermission. 

Discontinue, v. to leave off, to cease. 

Discontinuous, a. broken off, separated. 

Dis'cord, s. a disagreement ; opposition. 

Discord'ance, s. disagreement ; inconsist- 
ency. 

Discord'ant, a. disagreeing; inconsistent. 

Discord'antly, ad. in a discordant manner. 

Discount', v. to deduct a certain sum per 
cent, from the principal. 

Dis'count, s. a deduction or allowance. 

Discoun'tenance, v. to discourage, to abash. 

Discour'ago, v. to dishearten ; to deter. 

Discoar'agemcnt, s. tbat which disheartens. 



DIS 



74 



DIS 



Discourse, J. conversation : v. to converse. 
Discour'teous, a. uncivil, rough, impolite. 
Discourteously, ad. uncivilly; rudely. 
Discourtesy, s. incivility, rudeness. 
Dis'cous, a. broad, wide, flat. 
Discov'er, v. to disclose, to detect, to espy. 
Disco v'erable, -a. apparent ; exposed toview_ k 
Discov'erer, * one that finds out any thing. 
Discovery, s. the act of finding ; invention 
Discredit, s. ignominy, reproach, disgrace : 

v. not to believe ; to disgrace. 
Discreditable, a. disgraceful ; reproachful. 
Discreet', a. prudent, cautious, modest. 
Discreetly, ad. prudently ; cautiously. 
Discreet'ness, s. prudent cautiousness. 
Discrep'ance, Discrepancy, ». a difference. 
Discre'te, a. distinct, disjoined, separated. 
Discretion, s. prudence ;. liberty of acting. 
Discre"tional, a. left to discretion. 
Discre"tionally, ad. according to discretion. 
Discre'lionary, a. left at large ; unrestrained 
Discre'tive, a. separate, distinct. 
Discriminate, v. to distinguish between. 
Discrim'hiately, ad. distinctly, minutely. 
Discrimination, s. the act of distinguishing 

one from another ; a distinction or mark. 
Discriminative, a. that marks distinction. 
Discrim'jnatively, ad. with discrimination. 
Discum'ber, v. to unburden, to disengage. 
Di3cur'sive, a. progressive, argumentative. 
Diseui lively, ad. argumentatively. 
Discursiveness, a', range of argument. 
Discur'sory, a. argumentative, rational. 
Dis'cus, 4'. a quoit, a round iron for play. 
Discuss', v. to examine, to argue, to debate. 
Discus'sion, s. examination of a question. 
Disdain', s. contempt, scorn, indignation : 

v. to scorn ; to think unworthy. 
Disdain'ful, a. contemptuous, haughty. 
Disdain'fully, ad. contemptuously. 
Disdain'fulness, s. contemptuousness. 
Disea'se, s. distemper, malady, sickness : v. 

to afflict with disease, to infect. 
Disea'sed, p. andn. afflicted with distemper. 
Disembark', v. to put on shore, to land. 
Disembark'ment, s. the act of disembarking. 
Disembar'rass, v. to free from impediment. 
Di°embar'rassment, s. freedom from trouble. 
Disembodied, a. divested of the body. 
Disembod'y, v. to discharge from military 

incorporation ; to divest of body. 
Discmbo'gue, v . to discharge into the sea. 
Disembo'guement, s. the discharge of rivers 

into the ocean, &c. 
Disenibow'ei, v. to take out the bowels. 
Disembroil', v. to clear up, to disentangle. 
Disena'bie, v. to deprive of power. 
Disenchant', v. to free from enchantment. 
Disencum'ber, v. to disburden, to exonerate. 
Diseneuia'branoe, s. freedom from care. 
Disenga'ge, v. to extricate, to free from. 
pisenga'ged, p. and a. at leisure, clear from. 
Disenga'gement, s. freedom of attention. 
Disenno'ble, v. to degrade. 
Disenro'l, v. to erase out of a roll. 
Discnskt've, v. to free from slavery. 
Disentan"gle, v. to unravel, to disengage. 
Disenthral', v. to set free, to rescue. 
Diecnthro'ne, v. to depose a sovereign. 
Disentitle, v. to deprive of a title. 
Disentran'ce, v. to awaken from a trance. 



Disestecm", s. slight regard, dislike : v. *® 
regard with a slight degree of contempt. 

Disfa'vor, 5. slight displeasure, dislike : v. 
to discountenance. 

Disfigura'tion, s. the act of disfiguring. 

Disfig'ure, v. to deform, deface, mangle. 

Disfiglirement, s. defacement of beauty. 

Di3fran'chise, v. to deprive of franchise. 

Disfranchisement, s. depriving of privileges. 

Disgor'ge, v. to vomit, to pour out with force. 

Disgra'cc, s. dishonor, loss of favor : v. to 
put out of favor ; to shame. 

Disgraceful, a. ignominious, shameful. 

Disgra'cefully, ad. shamefully. 

Disgra'cefuiness, s. ignominy, reproach. 

Disgra'cious, a. unfavorable, unpleasing. 

Disgui'se, v. to conceal by an unusual dress 
to change the form of : s. dress to conceal . 
false appearance, a pretence. 

Disgust', s. an aversion, dislike, offence : r. 
to fill with aversion. 

Disgusting, a. nauseous, causing aversion. 

Disgustingly, ad. in a manner to disgust. 

Dish, s. a vessel used to serve up meat in : 
v. to put or serve up meat in a dish. 

Dishabille, s. See Deshabille. 

Dish'cloth, s. a cloth used for cleaning 
dishes. 

Bishear'ten, v. to discourage, to terrify. 

Disherit, v. to cut off from inheritance. 
[ Dishevel, v. to spread the hair disorderly. 
1 Dishevelled, a. flowing disorderly. 
! Dishon'est, a. void of probity, faithless. 
j Dishon'estly, ad. without probity. 
j Dishon'esty, s. want of honesty, knavery. 
I Dishon'or, s. reproach, disgrace, ignominy: 
I v. to disgrace ; to refuse the acceptance or 
payment of a bill ; to violate. 

Dishon'orable, a. shameful, reproachful. 

Dishon'orably, ad. in a dishonorable way. 

Dishu'mour, s. peevishness, ill humour. 

Disinclina'tion, s. dislike, want of affection 

Disincli'ne. v. to produce dislike to. 

Disinclined, a. not favorably disposed to. 

Disincorporate, v. to deprive of corporate 
powers ; to dissolve. 

Disingen'uous, a. illiberal, unfair, mean. 

Disir.gcn'uously, ad. in a disingenuous way. 

Disingcnliousness, s. mean subtlety. 

Disinherit, v. to deprive of inheritance. 

Disinter', v. to take out of a grave. 

Disinterested, a. void of private advantage. 

Disinterest'edly, ad. in a disinterested 
manner. 

Disin'torcstedness, s. freedom from self- 
interest. 

Disinter'mcnt. s. the act of unburying. 

Disjoin', v. to separate, to disunite. 

Disjoint', v. to put out of joint; to make in- 
coherent : a. disjointed. 

Disjointed, p. and a. separated, divided. 

Disjoint'! y, ad. in a divided state. 

Disjunct', a. disjoined, separate. 

Disjunction, s. a disunion, a separation. 

Disjunctive, a. separating. 

Disjunctively, ad', distinctly ; separately. 

Disk, s. the face of the sun, &c. ; a quoit. 

Disli'ke, s. aversion, disapprobation: v. t» 
disapprove, to hate. 

Disli'ken, v. to make unlike. 

Dislocate, v. to disjoint, to displace. 



DIS 



75 



Dislocation, s. the act of displacing; a joint 

displaced. 
Dislodge, v. to drive out, to move away. 
Disloy'al, a. not true to allegiance, faithless. 
Disloyalty, s. a want of allegiance. 
Dis'mal, a. sorrowful, gloomy, dark. 
Dis'mally, ad. sorrowfully, horribly. 
Dis'rnalness, s. gloominess, sorrow. 
Dismantle, v. to strip, to overthrow, to 

destroy. 
Dismast', v. to deprive of, or cut off masts. 
Dismay', v. to terrify, to affright, to deject. 
Dismay', s. a fall of courage, terror. 
Dismcra'ber, v. to cut off a limb; &c. 
Dismem'berment, s. separation by cutting. 
Dismiss', v. to send away, to discard. 
Dismiss'al, s. dismission, deprivation. 
Dismis'sion, s. a sending away ; deprivation. 
Dismissive, a. proclaiming leave to depart. 
Dismortgage, v. to redeem from mortgage. 
Dismount',^, to throw or alight from a horse. 
Disobe'dience, s. a breach <>f duty. 
Disobe'dient, a. undutiful, froward. 
Disobe'diently, ad. in a disobedient manner. 
Disobey', v. to neglect to obey. 
Disobli'ge, v. to give offence ; to disappoint. 
Disobli'ging, p. and a. uncivil, unpleasing. 
Disorder, s. want of order, confusion, dis- 
temper : v. to put out of order; to confuse ; 
to make sick. 
Disorderly, a. confused, irregular; lawless. 
Disor'dinatc, a. vicious, living irregularly. 
Discrganiza'tion, s. subversion of order. 
Disorganize, v. to destroy union or order. 
Disown', v. to renounce ; to deny. 
Dispar'age, v. to undervalue, to injure. 
Disparagement, s. injurious comparison. 
Disparity, s. inequality, dissimilitude. 
Dispart', v. to divide in two, to separate. 
Dispassionate, a. cool, moderate, impartial. 
Dispassionately, ad. in a calm manner. 
Dispas'sioned, a. free from passion. 
Dispatch', s. See Despatch'. 
Dispen'sable, a. that may be dispensed with. 
Dispen'sary, s. a place where medicines are 

dispensed to the poor. 
Dispensation, s. a distribution; the dealing 
outof any thing; the method of Providence; 
an exemption from some law ; an indul- 
gence from the Pope. 
Dispcn'ser, s. one that dispenses or distri- 
butes. 
Dispen'satory, s. a directory or book for 
making medicines : a. having the power 
of granting dispensation. 
Dispcn'se, v . to distribute ; to excuse. 
Dispeo'ple, v. to depopulate, to lay waste. 
Disperse, v. to scatter, to drive away. 
Dispers'ediy, ad. in a scattered manner. 
Disper'sion, s. the act of spreading abroad. 
Dispir'it, v to dishearten or discourage. 
Dispir'itedncss, s. want of vigour or vivacity. 
Displa'ce, v. to put out of place, to remove. 
Displacement, S. the act of displacing. 
Display', v. to spread wide, to exhibit. 
Display', J. an exhibition, a show. 
Displea'so, v. to oftVnd, to provoke, to disgust. 
Displeas'ure, s. offence, anger, disgrace. 
Displu'me, v. to deprive of feathers. 
Dispo'rt, s. play, sport, pastime : v. to play. 
DLspo 'sable, a. that may fce disposed of. 



DIS 

Dispo'sal, s. a regulation ; management. 
Dispo'se, v. to arrange ; to adapt ; to incline 
or frame the mind to ; to apply to any 
purpose ; to part with, to sell (with of, as 
to " dispose of"). 
Dispo'ser, s. a bestower ; a director. 
Disposition, s. order; method ; distribution ; 

temper of mind ; tendency. 
Dispossess', v. to put out. 
Dispossession, s. putting out of possession. 
Disprai'se, s. blame, censure: v. to blame, 

to condemn, to censure. 
Disproof, s. a confutation, a refutation. 
Disproportion, s. want of symmetry ; nn- 
snitableness : v. to mismatch ; to join un- 
fitly. 
Disproportionate, Disproportional, Dis- 
proportionate : a. unsuitable in form or 
quantity, without proportion. 

Disproportion ableness, Dispropor'tionate- 
ness, s. want of proportion ; inadequacy. 

Dispro've, v. to prove false or erroneous. 

Dis'putable, a. liable to be disputed. 

Dis'putant, s. an arguer, a controvertist. 

Disputation, s. controversy. 

Disputa'tious, Dispu'tativc, a. inclined or 
disposed to dispute ; captious. 

Dispu'te, v. to argue, to debate, to contend : 
S. controversy ; contest. 

Dispu'ter, s. one given to argument. 

Disqualification, s. that which disqualifies. 

Disqualify, v. to make unfit, to disable. 

Disqui'et, s. uneasiness, anxiety : v. to make 
uneasy, to disturb or annoy 

Disqui'etly, ad. without rest, anxiously. 

Disqui'etness, 5. uneasiness; restlessness. 

Disquisition, s. an argumentative inquiry. 

Disqui'etude, s. uneasiness, anxiety. 

Disregard', s. slight notice ; neglect, con- 
tempt : v. to slight, to despise. 

Disregard'ful, a. negligent, contemptuous. 

Disregard'fully, ad. heedlessly; negligently. 

Disrel'ish, s. bad taste ; dislike ; nauscoua- 
ness ; v. to make nauseous; to dislike. 

Disrep'utablc, a. disgraceful, unbecoming. 

Disrepute, s. want of reputation ; dishonor. 

Disrespect', s. rudeness, want of reverence. 

Disrespect'ful, a. irreverent, uncivil, rude. 

Disrespectfully, ad. irreverently ; uncivilly. 

Disro'be, v. to undress, to uncover, to strip. 

Disroot', v. to tear up by the roots. 

Disruption, *. a breaking asunder, a rent. 

Dissatisfae'tion, *. the state of being dis- 
satisfied. 

Dissatisfac'toriness, s. inability to satisfy. 

Dissatisfac'tory, a. not giving satisfaction. 

Dissat'isfy, v. to displease, to disoblige. 

Dissect', v. to anatomize, to cut in pieces. 

Dissee'tion, s. anatomy ; nice examination. 

Dissect'or, s. one who dissects ; an anatomist. 

Dissei'se, [a law term] ». to dispossess. 

Dissei'sin, s. an unlawful ejectment. 

Dissem'blance, s. want of resemblance. 

Dissem'ble, v. to play the hypocrite. 

Dissem'bler, *. a hypocrite, a pretender. 

Dissem'bling, *. fallacious appearance. 

Dissem'blingly, ad. with dissimulation. 

Dissem'inate, v. to scatter, to sow, to spread. 

Dissemina'tion, v. the act of disseminating. 

Dissem'inator, s. one who disseminates. 

Dissen'sion, s. disagreement, discord, strife. 
E2 



BIS 7 

Dissent', s. disagreement in opinion : v. to 
differ in opinion ; to differ from the Esta- 
blished Church 
Dissent'er, j. one who dissents from the Esta- 
blished Church. 
Dissentient, a. disagreeing: s. one who de- 
clares his dissent. 
Dissen'tious, s. contentious, quarrelsome. 
Disserta'tion, s. a discourse ; a treatise. 
Disser've, v. to do an injury to, to hurt. 
Disservice, s. injury, mischief, ill turn. 
DisserMceable, a. injurious, mischievous. 
Disser'viceablc-ness, s. injury, harm. 
Dissev'er, v. to part in two, to disunite. 
Dis'sidcnt, a. varying ; not agreeing. 
Dissimilar, a. unlike, heterogeneous. 
Dissimilarity, s. unlikeness. 
Dissimilitude, s. want of resemblance. 
Dissimulation, s. dissembling ; hypocrisy. 
Dis'sipate, v. to scatter ; to spend lavishly. 
Dissipation, s. dispersion ; dissolute living. 
Disso'ciate, v. to separate, to disunite. 
Dissociation, 5. separation ; division. 
Dissolubility, s. liableness to be dissolved. 
Dis'soluble, a. dissolvable. 
Dis'solute, a. loose, unrestrained, debauched. 
Dis'solutely, ad-> loosely ; in debauchery. 
Dis'soluteness, s. laxity of manners. 
Dissolu'tion, s. a dissolving ; death ; destruc- 
tion ; act cf breaking up an assembly. 
Dissolv'able, a. capable of being melted. 
Dissolv'e, v. to melt, to disunite, to separate. 
Dissolv'ent, a. having power to dissolve : s. 

that which has power to dissolve. 
Dis'souance, s. discord, harshness. 
Dis'sonant, a. unharmonious, harsh. 
Dissua'de, v. to advise to the contrary. 
Dissua'sion, $■.■• importunity against anything. 
Dissua'sive, a. apt or proper to dissuade : s. 

argument employed to dissuade. 
Dissyllabic, a. consisting of two syllables. 
Dissyllable, s. a Avord of two syllables. 
Distaff, s. a staff used in spinning. 
Distain', v. to stain, to tinge ; to defame. 
Dis'tance, s. space between two objects; re- 
moteness in time or place : v. to leave be- 
hind in a race. 
Distant, a. standing apart ; remote in time 

or place ; stand off or reserved. 
Distantly, ad. remotely; at a distance. 
Dista'ste, s. aversion, disgust, dislike. 
Dista'steful, a. nauseous, offensive. 
Dista'stefulness, 5. disagreeableness ; dislike. 
D^stem'per, s. disorder, indisposition, dis- 
ease, malady : v. to disorder, to disease. 
Distem'perature, s. intemporateness ; excess 

of heat or cold, or other qualities. 
Distem'pered, a. diseased ; disturbed. 

Distend', v. to stretch out in breadth. 

Distention, S. act of stretching ; breadth. 

Dislich, s. a couple of lines ; a couplet. 

Distil', v . to drop ; to draw by distillation* 

DistilJable, a. fit to be distilled. 

Distillation, s. the act cf distilling. 

Distiller, s. one who distils spirits. 

Distil'lcry, s. a. plaee for distilling. 

Distinct', a. different, separate, clear. 

Distinc'tion, s. a difference ; honorable note 
of superiority ; eminence ; quality. 

Distinctive, a. marking a distinction. 

Distinctively} ad. with distinction. 



D1Y 

Distinctly, ad. clearly apparent; obviously.; 
Distinctness, s. clearness, plainness. 
Distinguish, v. to mark or note distinctly ; 

to discern ; to honor. 
Distinguishable, a. worthy of regard. 
Distinguished, a. eminent, celebrated. 
Distin"guisher, s. a judicious observer. 
Distin"guishment, 5. the act of distinguishing. 
Distort', v. to writhe, to twist, to deform ; to- 

misrepresent. 
Distortion, s. grimace ; misrepresentation. 
Distract', v. to draw, to perplex, to make mad. 
Distract'ed, p. and a. perplexed ; frantic. 
Distract'edly, ad. madly, franticly. 
Distract'edness, s. madness ; distraction. 
Distraction, s. madness, confusion, discord. 
Distraetlve, a. causing perplexity. 
Distrain', v. to seize for a debt. 
Distrain'able, a. liable to be distrained. 
Distraint', s. a seizure of goods for debt. 
Distress', s. misery, want ; a distraining of 

goods : v. to make miserable. 
D istress'edj a. miserable, full of trouble. 
Distress'ful, a. in a state of misery. 
Distress'fully, ad. In a miserable manner. 
Distressing, a. harassing ; afflicting. 
Distrib'ute, v. to divide among many. 
Distributer, s. one who deals out any thing. 
Distribution, s. the act of distributing. 
Distributive, a. that which distributes. 
Distrib'utively, ad. singly ; particularly 
Dis'trict, s. a circuit ; region; province. 
Distrust', v. not to trust, to disbelieve : s. 

suspicion, loss of confidence. 
Distrust'ful, a. apt to distrust ; timorous. 
Distrust' fully, ad. in a distrustful manner. 
Distrust'fulness, s. want of confidence. 
Disturb', v. to perplex, to interrupt. 
Disturbance, *. confusion, tumult. 
Disturb'er, s. a violator of peace. 
Disu'nion, s. a separation ; disagreement. 
Disuni'te, v. to divide ; to separate. 
Disu'nity, s. state of actual separation. 
Disu'sage, s. gradual disuse of a custom. 
Disu'se, v. to disaccustom, to leave off. 
Disval'ue, v. to undervalue, to slight. 
Ditch, s. a trench : v. to make a ditch. 
Ditch'er. s. a man who makes ditches. 
Dithyram'bic, *-. a song in honor of Bacchus. 
Dithyram'bic, a. wild ; enthusiastic. 
Dit'to, s. the aforesaid, the same repeated. 
Dit'ty, s. a song ; a musical poem. 
Diuretic, Dimetleal, a. promoting urine. 
Diuretics, 5. drugs that promote urine. 
Diur'nal. a. performed in a day, daily : s. 

a day-book, a journal. 
Diur'nally, ad. daily, everyday, day by day. 
Divan', s. the Ottoman grand council. 
Divaricate, v. to divide by two. 
Divarica'tion, s. a division of opinions. 
Dive, v. to sink voluntarily under water ; 

to immerge into any business or science. 
Divellicate, v. to pull in pieces ; to tear. 
Di'ver, s. one who dives ; a water-fowl. 
Diverge, v. to tend in various directions from 

one point. 
Diver'gence, s. tendency to various points. 
Diver'gent, a. going farther asunder. 
Di'vers, a. several, sundry, more than one. 
Di'verse, a. different, unlike, various. 
Diver'sify, v. to distinguish, to variegate. 



DIV 



77 



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Dlv-cr'skm, s. a turning aside ; sport, play. 
Divcr'sity, J. dissimilitude, variety. 
Di'versly", ad. differently, variously. 
Divert', v. to turn aside ; to amuse. 
Diverting, a. amusing, agreeable. 
Divert'isement, s. diversion, reereation. 
Divest', v. to strip ; to dispossess. 
Dives'ture, *. the aet of putting off. 
Divi'dable, a. capable of division. 
Divi'de, v. to part, to separate ; to deal out 

or give in shares. 
Dividend, s. a share, a part allotted in a 

division, a number to be divided. 
Divi'ders, s. a pair of compasses. 
Divhia'tion, s. a foretelling of future events. 
Divi'ne, a. godlike, heavenly, not human : s. 

a clergyman : v. to forctel, to presage. 
Divi'nely, ad. in a divine manner ; excel- 
lently, in a supreme degree. 
Divi'neuess, s. participation in the divine 

nature ; supreme excellence. 
Divi'ner, s. one who professes divination ; to 

forctel, to presage. 
Di'ving-bell, s. a machine for enabling a 

person to descend and remain below water 

in safety. 
Divinity, s. the Deity ; the Supreme Bsing ; 

science of divine things ; theology. 
Divis'ible, a. capable of being divided. 
Divis'ibleness, Divisibility, s. the quality 

of being divisible. 
Divi"sion, s. the act of dividing ; a partition ; 

the part separated. 
Divisional, a. pertaining to division. 
Divi'sor, s. the number that divides. 
Divo 'rce, v. to separate ; to force asunder. 
Divo'rce, s. the legal separation of husband 

and wife ; disunion. 
Divo'rcement, *. dissolution of marriage. 
Divul'ge, v. to make public ; to proclaim. 
Divul'sion, s. a plucking away; laceration. 
Diz'en, v. to deck or dress gaudily. 
Diz'ziness, s. giddiness, thoughtlessness. 
Oiz'zy, a. giddy, whirling : v. to make giddy. 
Djer'rid, *. a blunt Turkish javelin. 
Do, v. to act, to practise, to perform. 
Do'cible, Do'cile* a. easily taught, tractable. 
Docility, s. aptness to be taught. 
Dock, s. a ship-builder's yard ; a weed : v. 

to cut short. 
Dock'et, s. a label or direction affixed to 

goods ; a register of cases : v. to abstract 

and enter in a docket. 
Dock'yard, s. a yard for naval stores, &c. 
Doo'tor, s. a title in divinity, law, physic, &c. 
Doc'tor, v. to attempt to cure. 
Doc'torato, s. the degree of a doctor. 
Doctors'-co>«/MO«s, s. the college of civilians 

residing in the city of London. 
Doc'torship, j. the highest academical degree. 
Doc'trinal, a. pertaining to doctrine or 

teaching. 
Doc'trinally, ad. in the form of doctrine. 
Doc'ument, s. a writing containing some 

precept, instruction, or evidence. 
Documentary, a. relating to written evi- 
dence. 
Dodec'agon, s. a figure of twelve sides. 
Dodge, v. to use craft ; to follow artfully 

and unperceivod ; to evade by shifting. 
Dod'ger, 6'. one who dodges or evades. 



' Do'do, s. a bird somewhat larger than a swan. 
| Doe, s. the female of a buck. 

Do'er, 5. one that does any thing; an agent. 

Doff, v. to put off dress, to strip. 

Dog, s. a domestic animal ; a lump of iron. 

Dog, v. to follow as a dog. 

Dog'berry, s. the berry of the dogwood. 

Dog'brier, s. the brier bearing the hip, 

Dog'days, s. the days in which the dog-star 
rises and sets with the sun. 

Doge, j. the chief magistrate of Venice. 

Dog'fish, s. a kind of shark. 

DogHy, s. a voracious biting fly. 

Dog'ged, a. sour, morose, sullen. 

Dog'gcdly, ad. sourly, sullenly, morosely. 

Dog'gedness, *. sullenness, moroseness. 

Dog'gcr, s. a Dutch fishing-vessel. 

Doggerel, s. despicable verses : a. vile, mean. 

Dog'gish, a. brutal, currish, snappish. 

Dog'hoie, s. a vile, mean habitation. 

Dog'ma, s. an established principle ; a tenet. 

Dogmatical, a. authoritative, positive. 

Dogmatically, ad. magisterially, positively. 

Dogmatleainess, s. the being dogmatical. 

Dog'matize v. to assert positively. 

Doglnatism, s. a positive assertion. 

Dog'matist, s. a positive teacher or assertor. 

Dog'matizcr, s. a positive and rude assertor. 

Dog'rose, s. the flower of the dogbrier. 

Dog's'-ear, s. the corner of a leaf in a book 
turned down like a dog's ear. 

Dog's'-meat, s. offal ; meat for dogs. 

Dog'sleep, s. pretended sleep. 

Dog'star, s. Sirius, a star, from which the 
dogdays derive their appellation. 

Doily, *. a small napkin used after dinner. 

Doings, s. pi. feats, actions. 

Doit, s. a small piece of Dutch money. 

Dole, s. a share, a part ; grief, misery : v. to 
deal, to distribute. 

Doleful, a. sorrowful, dismal, afflicted. 

Dolefully, ad. in a doleful way ; sorrowfully. 

Do'lesome, a. melancholy, heavy, gloomy. 

Doll, s. a little girl's puppet or baby. 

Dollar, s. a foreign coin of different value, 
from about 2*. Gd. to 4*. Citf. 

Doloriflc, a. causing pain or grief. 

Dol'orous, a. sorrowful, painful, doleful. 

Dol'orously, ad. sorrowfully ; mournfully. 

Dolour, s. grief, lamentation, pain. 

Dol'phin, s. a sea-fish peculiarly beautiful. 

Dolt, s. a heavy stupid fellow, a thickskull. 

Doltish, a. stupid ; blockheaded ; dull. 

Domain', s. a dominion ; empire ; estate. 

Dome, s. a building; cupola; arched roof. 

Domes'tic, a. belonging to the house ; pri- 
vate ; not foreign : s. a servant. 

Domes'ticate, v. to make domestic. 

Domicile, s. a house, a residence : v. to esta- 
blish a residence. 

Domiciliary, a. pertaining to private houses ; 
intruding into private abodes. 

Dominant, a. predominant; presiding. 
; Dominate, v. to prevail over ; to govern. 

Domina'tion, s. power; dominion ; tyranny. 
: Domlnator, s. a ruler ; ruling power. 
j Domineer', v. to hector, to behave with in- 
sol. nee ; to aet without control. 

Dominical, a. denoting the Lord's day. 

Dominican, s. one of the order of St. Do- 
minic. 



DOM 



78 



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Dominion, s. sovereign authority; power: 

territory ; an order of angels. 
Domino, s. a kind of hood ; a long dresa. 
Don, s. a Spanish title for a gentleman. 
Don, v. to do or put on. Compare Doff. 
Dona'tion, s. a gift, a present. 
Don'ative, s. a gift, a largess ; a benefice : a. 

vested by donation. 
Done ! interj. a word used to confirm a 

wager (let it be done). 
Donee', s. the receiver of a gift. 
Don'jon, s. the strongest tower in a castle. 
Don'key, s. an ass. 

Do'nor, s. a giver, a bestower, a benefactor. 
Doo'dle, s. a simple fellow ; a trifier. 
Doom, v. to judge ; to condemn ; to destine : 

s. a judicial sentence ; condemnation ; final 

judgment ; ruin ; destiny. 
Dooms'day, j. the day of judgment. 
Dooms'day-6ooA', s. a book made by order of 

William the Conqueror, in which all the 

estates in England were registered. 
Door, 5. the gate of a house ; a passage. 
Door'-case, s. the frame which encloses a door. 
Door' keeper, s. a porter 
Door'-post, s. the post of a door. 
Doq'uet. See Docket. 
Doree', s. a fish with yellow or gilt sides ; 

commonly called a John Dory. 
Dor'ic, a. relating to an order of architecture 

invented by the Dorians. 
Dor'mant, a. sleeping ; in a sleeping posture ; 

leaning ; not used ; concealed. 
Dor'mar, s. (in building) a beam or sleeper ; 

a window in the roof of a house. 
Dor'mitory, s. a sleeping room with many 

beds ; a burial-place. 
Dor'mouse, s. a small animal which passes 

a large part of the winter in sleep. 
Dorn, s. the name of a fish ; the thorhbaek. 
Dorr, s. a flying insect ; the hedge chafer. 
Dor'sal, a. belonging or fixed to the back. 
i)ose, s. the quantity of medicine given at a 

time : v. to give in doses. 
Dot, s. a small spot or point in writing. 
Do'tage, s. imbecility of mind; silly fondness. 
Do'tal, a. relating to a portion or dowry. 
Do'tard, s. one whose age has impaired his 

intellects ; a silly lover. 
Dote, v. to love to excess ; to grow silly. 
Dot'terel, s. the name of a bird. 
Do'ting, a. fond to ridiculous excess. 
Do'tingly, ad. with excessive fondness. 
Douanier, [Fr.] s. an officer of customs. 
Double, a. twofold, twice as much: v. to make 

twice as much ; to sail round a headland ; 

to turn back or wind in running ; to fold : 

5. a plait or fold ; a trick, a turn. 
Doub'le-dealer, s. a deceitful subtle person. 
Doub'le-dealing, s. dissimulation, cunning. 
Doub'le-edged, a. having two edges. 
Double-enten'dre, [Fr.] s. a phrase with a 

double meaning. 
Doub'le-faced, a. insincere, deceitful. 
Doub'le-minded, a. deceitful, treacherous. 
Doub'let, s. a garment that folds or doubles 

round the body ; a waistcoat ; a pair ; two. 
Doublets, *. the same number on both 

dice. 
Doub'le-tongued, a. deceitful, false, hollow. 
Doubling, s. an artifice, a shift 



Doubloon', ,9. a Spanish coin, double tha 

value of a pistole. 
Doubly, ad. with twice the quantity ; twice. 
Doubt, v. to hesitate, to suspect, to distrust: 

s. hesitation, suspense, difficulty. 
Doubt'fui, a. uncertain, not determined. 
Doubt'fully, Doubtlngly, ad. uncertainly, 
Doubt'fuhiess, s. uncertainty ; ambiguity. 
Doubtless, a. and ad. without doubt or fear- 
Doubtlessly, ad. unquestionably. 
Douceur', [Fr.] s. a conciliating' bribe. 
Do'ugh, s. unbaked paste, kneaded flour. 
Dou'ghty, a. brave, eminent, illustrious. 
Do'ughy, a. soft, not quite baked. 
Douse, v. to plunge suddenly into water. 
Dove, s. a sort of pigeon, a wild pigeon. 
Dov'eeot, Dov^ehouse, s. a pigeon-house. 
Dov'elike, a. meek, gentle, harmless. 
Dov'etail, s. a method of joining two pieces 

of wood together : v. to join by tenons. 
Dov'ctailed, a. joined by tenons. 
Dow'ager, s. a widow with a jointure. 
DoVdy, s. an awkward woman : a. awkward. 
Dow'er, or Dow'ry, s. a wife's portion ; a 

widow's jointure ; endowment, gift. 
Dow'ered, a. supplied with a portion. 
Dow'erless, a. without fortune, unportioned. 
Dowlas, s. a kind of coarse strong linen. 
Down, s. a large open plain, properly a flat 

on the top of a hill ; in the plural, Downs, 

which is applied also to the roadstead off 

the hilly coast of Kent. 
Down, s. the finest, softest feathers ; soft 

wool ; tender hair. 
Down, ad. in a downward direction. 
Down'cast, a. bent down, dejected. 
Down'fall, s. ruin, calamity, sudden change. 
Down'hill, a. descending : s. a descent. 
Downly'ing, s. near the time of childbirth. 
Down'right, a. open, plain, direct : ad. 

plainly, openly, straight down. 
Down'rightly, ad. in plain terms ; bluntly. 
Down 'ward, a. bending down, dejected. 
Down'ward, Down'wards, ad. towards the 

centre ; from a higher to a lower situation. 
Down'y, a. covered with a nap : soft, tender. 
Doxoi'ogy, s. a form of giving glory to God. 
Dox'y, *. a loose wench, a prostitute. 
Doze, v. to slumber, to stupify. 
Doz'en, s. the number twelve. 
Do'ziness, s. drowsiness, heaviness. 
Do'zy, a. drowsy, inclined to sleep. 
Diab, s. a thick woollen cloth ; a strumpet : 

a. of a dull brown or dun color. 
Drachm (dram\, s. an ancient Greek coin; 

the eiglith part of an ounce. See Dram. 
Dra'co, s. the dragon ; a constellation. 
Draff, s. refuse ; any thing cast away. 
Draf'fish, Draf 'fy, a. worthless, dreggy. 
Draft, s. a bill drawn on another for money ; 

a drawing of men for the army : v. to select 

or detach. 
Drag. v. to pull along by force, to trail : *. a 

kind of net ; an instrument with hooks to 

catch hold of things under water ; any 

thing that h dragged or drawn along, as a 

sledge. 
Drag'gle, v. to trail in the dirt. 
Drag'gletail, s. a sluttish woman. 
Dragnet, s. a net drawn along the bottom. 
I Drag'on, s. a winged serpent ; a constellation. 



DRA 

Drag'onlike, a. furious, fiery, fierce. 
Drag'on's-blood, s. a kind of resin. 
Drag'oman, s. an Eastern interpreter. 
Drag'on-fiy, s. a fierce stinging insect. 
Dragoon', J. a horse soldier : v . to force one 

into a measure. 
Drain, s. a channel to carry off water. 
Drain, v. to make quite dry, to draw of?. 
Drain'ahle, a. capable of being drained. 
Drain'age, s. a draining or flowing off. 
Drake, s. a fowl, the male of the duck. 
Dram, s. a small weight; a small quantity 
or portion of spirituous liquor. See Drachm. 
Dram'a, s. the action of a play ; a poem. 
Dramat'ic, Dramat'ical, a. represented by 

action ; theatrical. 
Dramatically, ad. by stage representation. 
Dram'atist, s. a writer of plays. 
Dram'atize, v. to adapt to scenic representa- 
tion. . 
Dra'per, s. one who sells or deals in cloth. 
Dra'pery, s. clothwork ; the dress of a picture. 
Dras'tic, a. powerful in operation. 
Draught, s. the act of drinking ; the quantity 
drunk at once ; a delineatica or sketch ; 
the act of pulling carriages. 
Draught'-horse, s. a horse used for drawing, 

as distinguished from a saddle-horse. 
Draughts, s.pl. a kind of play on chequers. 
Draughts'man, s. one who draws or sketches. 
Draw, v. to pull forcibly, to attract, to un- 
sheath ; to represent by picture; to allure, 
to win. 
Draw'back, s. money paid back on exports. 
Draw'bridge, s. a bridge made to draw up. 
Drawe'e, s. one on whom a bill is drawn. 
Draw'er, s. one who draws ; a sliding box ; a 

tapster or waiter. 
Draw'ers, s. a kind of light under-breeches. 
Drawing, s. a delineation, a representation. 
Drawing-room, s. a room for withdrawing 
to ; an assembly at court; a withdrawing- 
rcom. 
Drawl, v. to utter slowly and affectedly : s. 

a slow protracted utterance. 
DraVnet, s. a net for catching wild-fowl. 
Draw'woll, s. a deep well of water. 
Dray, s. a car used by brewers. 
Dray'horse, s. a horse which draws a dray. 
Dray'man, s. one that attends or drives a dray. 
Dread, s. great fear, terror, awe : v. to fear 

greatly : a. awful. 
Dread'ful, a. terrible, frightful, horrid. 
Dread'fully, ad. terribly, frightfully. 
Dread'less, a. fearless, undaunted, daring. 
Dream, s. thoughts in sleep ; an idle fancy : 

v. to rove in deep, to be sluggish. 
Dream'er, s. one who dreams ; a mope. 
Dreamless, a. free from dreams. 
Drear, Drear'y, a. dismal, gloomy, mournful. 
Drearily, ad. dreadfully, gloomily. 
Dreariness, s. gloominess, dulness. 
Dredge, s. an oyster-net : v. to gather with 

a dredge ; to sprinkle flour on meat. 
Dredglng-box, s. a box used for dredging. 
Dredglng-machine, s. an engine for taking up 
mud and gravel from the bottoms of rivers. 
Dreggy, a. containing dregs, not clear. 
Dregs, s. the sediments of liquors, lees. 
Drench, v. to wet thoroughly, to soak, to fill 
with drink : s. a horse's physical draught. 



JT9 DEO 

Dress, 5. clothes, ornaments, finery : v. to 

clothe, to deck, to adorn ; to cook ; to 

cover a wound ; to curry a horse. 
Dress'er, s. he who dresses ; a kitchen table. 
Dressing, s. the act of clothing ; the medica- 
ment applied to a wound. 
Dressing-room, s. a place used to dress in. 
Dress'y, a. showy in dress. 
Drib, v. to crop, to cut short, to lop off". 
Drib'ble, v . to drop slowly, slaver, drivel. 
Driblet, s. a small part of a large sum. 
Dri'er, s. that which absorbs moisture. 
Drift, s. a design, tendency, any thing driven 

at random ; a heap, a storm : v. to be driven 

along, to be driven into heaps. 
Drift-sail, s. a sail used under water. 
Drill, s. an instrument used in boring holes; 

the act of teaching the military exercise ; 

a row of grain ; an ape or baboon : v. tt 

perforate, to sow in rows, to train soldiers. 
HviW-husbandry, s. a mode of sowing land by 

a machine. 
Drill-plough, s. a plough for sowing grain. 
Drink, s. a liquor to be swallowed : v. to 

swallow liquors, to quench thirst. 
Drink'able, a. that may be drunk. 
Drink'er, s. one that drinks to excess ; a 

drunkard. 
Drinking, s. the practice of drinking to 

excess. 
Drip, v. to fall in drops : S. a drop. 
Drip'ping, s. the fat that drops from meat 

while roasting. 
Drip'ping-pan, &. the pan in which the fat of 

roast meat is caught. 
Drive, v. to force along ; to urge forward; to 

knock or force in. 
DriVel, v. to slaver or let the spittle fall in 

drops like a child or idiot ; and hence, to 

bo weak or foolish ; to dote : s. a fool or 

idiot. 
Driv'eller, s. a dotard, an idiot. 
Dri'ver, s. one who drives or urges on. 
Driz'zle, v . to fall in small drops. 
Driz'zly, a. raining in small drops. 
Droll, a. comical, humorous, merry : v. to 

play the buffoon, to jest : s. a jester, a 

buffoon, a farce. 
Drollery, *. buffoonery ; idle jokes. 
Drom'cdary, s. the Arabian camel, which 

has only one protuberance on its back. 
Drone, *. the bee which collects no honey ; 

an idler, a sluggard ; a low humming 

sound ; a pipe of a bagpipe : v. to live in 

idleness ; to emit a low humming sound. 
Dro'nish, a. idle, sluggish, inactive, dull. 
Droop, v . to pine away, to languish. 
Drop, s. a small globule of any liquid : v. to 

let fall, to fall in drops ; to utter slightly; 

to cease ; to come to nothing. 
Drop'pings, s. pi. that which falls in drops. 
Drop'sical, a. diseased with dropsy. 
Drop'sy, s. a collection of water in the body. 
Dross, s. the scum of metals ; refuse, dregs. 
Drosslncss, s. foulness, incrustation. 
Dross'y, a. full of dross, worthless, foul. 
Drought, s. dry weather, thirst. 
Drou'ghty, a. wanting rain, thirsty. 
Drouth'y, a. wanting drink, thirsty. 
Drove, s. a herd of cattle ; a crowd, a tumult, 
Dro'ver, s. one who drives cattle to market. 



DEO 



80 



J)¥A 



Drown, v. to suffocate in water, to overwhelm 

in water ; to immergc. 
Drowse, v. to slumber, to grow sleepy. 
Drow'sily, ad. sleepily, heavily, lazily, idly. 
Drow'siness, s. sleepiness, idleness. 
Drow'sy, a. sleepy, heavy, dull. 
Drub, s. a thump, a knock, a blow : v. to 

thresh, to beat, to bang. 
Drub'bing, s. a beating, a chastisement. 
Drudge, ». to labor in mean offices : s. a 

mean laborer, a slave. 
Drud'gery, s. hard mean labor, slavery. 
Drud'gingly, ad. laboriously, toilsomely. 
Drug, s. a medicinal simple ; a thing of little 

value or worth : v. to till with drugs. 
Drug'get, s. a coarse kind of woollen stuff. 
Drug'gist, s. one who sells physical drugs. 
Dru'id, s. an ancient British priest and bard. 
Druid'ical, a. pertaining to the druids. 
Dru'idism, s. religion of the druids. 
Drum, s. an instrument of military music : 
the tympanum of the ear : v. to beat a 
drum. 
Drum-ma'jor, s. the chief drummer. 
Drum'mer, s. one who beats a drum. 
Drum/stick, s. the stick for beating a drum. 
Drunk, Drunk'en, a. intoxicated with liquor. 
Drunk'ard, s. one addicted to drinking. 
Drunk'enness, *. intoxication, inebriety. 
Dry, a. arid, not rainy, thirsty, barren: v. to 

free from moisture, to drain. 
Dry'ad, s. a wood nymph. 
Dry'ly, ad. without moisture ; coldly. 
Dry'ness, s. want of moisture. 
Dry'nurse, *•. a woman who brings up and j 

feeds a child without the breast. 
Dr y'salter, s. a dealer in salted or dried meats, 

sauces, oils, pickles, &c. 
Dry'shod, a. having the feet dry. 
Du'al, a. expressing the number two. 
Dual'ity, s. that expresses two in number. 
Dub, v. to confer knighthood on a person. 
Du'biousness, s. doubt, uncertainty. 
Du'bious, a. doubtful, uncertain, not clear. 
Du'bitable, a. doubtful, very uncertain. 
Dubita'tion, s. the act of doubting. 
Du'cal, a. pertaining to a duke. 
Due'at. s. a foreign coin; in silver, valued 

at about 4s. 6d., in gold, 9s. 6d. 
Duch'ess, s. the wife of a duke. 
Duch'y, s. a territory giving title to a duke. 
Duck, s. a water-fowl, female of the drake ; a j 
term of fondness ; a dip under water : v. 
to dive or dip under water ; to decline or 
stoop the head. 
Duck'ing, 5. the act of dipping underwater. 
Duck'ir.g-stool, s. a chair for ducking scolds, j 
Duck'leggod, a. having short legs. 
Duckling, s. a young duck. 
Duck'meat, s. a plant growing in standing 

waters. 
Duct, s. a passage, a canal, a tube. 
Duc'tile, a. flexible, pliable, tractable. 
Duc'tileness, Ductility, s. flexibility. 
Dud'geon, s. malice, ill-will, a small dagger. 
Due, s. that which is owed ; a right or just : 
title to : a. just, fit, proper : ad. exactly, 
duly. 
Dull, s. a combat between two persons. 
Du'elling, s. the custom of lighting duels. 
Du'ellist, s. a fighter of duels. 



Duen'na, s. an old woman kept to guard a 

younger one. 
Duet', #. a song or air for two voices. 
Dug, s. the pap or teat of a beast. 
Duke, s. the dignity next below a prince. 
Du'kedom, s. the possessions of a duke. 
Dul'cet, a. sweet, harmonious. 
Dul'cify, v. to make sweet. 
Dul'cimer, s. a kind of musical instrument. 
Dull, a. stupid, slow, dejected, blunt : v. to 

stupify, to blunt, to sadden. 
Dul'lard, s. a blockhead : a. doltish, stupid. 
Dul'ly, ad. stupidly, doltishly, sluggishly. 
Dul'ness, s. stupidity, heaviness, dimness. 
Du'ly, ad. properly, fitly, exactly. 
Dumb, a. mute, silent; incapable of speech. 
Dumb'ness, s. an inability to speak, silence. 
Dump'ish, a. sad, melancholy. 
1 Dump'ling, s. a small round pudding. 
Dumps, s. melancholy, sullenness. 
Dumpy, a. short and thick. 
Dun, a. between brown and black, dark : s. 
a clamorous creditor : p. to press or impor- 
tune for a debt. 
Dunce, s. an unteachable person, a dolt. 
Dung, s the excrement of animals, manure : 

v. to manure or fatten land with dung. 
Dun'geon, j. a close, dark prison. 
Dung'hill, s. a heap of dung, a mean person : 

a. meanly descended, base. 
Dun'nish, a. inclined to a dun color. 
Duode"cimo, s. a book in which each sheet of 

paper contains twelve leaves. 
Dupe, v. to trick, to cheat, to impose on : s. 

a credulous simple person. 
Du'ple, a. double ; once repeated. 
Du'plicate, s. an exact copy of any thing : a. 

double, twofold : v. to double, to fold. 
Duplication, s. the act of doubling ; a fold. 
Dupli'city, s. deceit, doubleness of torrgue. 
Durability, s. the power of lasting. 
Du'rable, a. hard, strong, firm, lasting. 
Du'rableness, s. the quality of lasting. 
Du'rably, ad. in a firm and lasting manner. 
Du'rance, s. imprisonment, continuance. 
Dura'tion, s. continuance, length of time. 
Dure, v. See Endure. 
Duress', s. imprisonment, constraint. 
Du'ring, prep, for the time of continuance. 
Dusk, a. tending to darkness, dark-colored. 
Duskiness, s. incipient darkness. 
Dusk'ish, a. inclining to darkness, tending to 

obscurity ; gloomy. 
Dusk'y, a. tending to darkness, gloomy. 
Dust, *. earth or other matter dried to a 
powder ; mould ; the grave : v. to- free 
from dust, to sprinkle with dust. 
Dust'er, s. that which frees from dust. 
Dustiness, s. the state of being dusty. 
Dust 'man, s. one who carries away dust. 
Dust'y, a. clouded or covered with dust. 
Dutch, s. the people or language of Holland. 
Dut'chy, Dut'ehess. See Duchy and Duchess. 
Du'teous, a. dutiful, obedient. 
Du'tiful, a. obedient, submissive. 
Du'tifully, ad. respectfully, obediently. 
Du'tifulness, s. obedience, reverence. 
Duly, $■ whatever wo owo or are bound to 

perform ; a tax. 
Dwarf, s. a man below tho usual size : ». to 
hinder from full growth. 



DWA 



81 



EDG 



Dwarfish, a. low, small, stunted. 

Dwarf ishness, s. minuteness of stature. 

Dwell, v. to inhabit, to continue long. 

Dwelling, s. habitation, place of residence. 

Dvvin'dle, v. to shrink, to grow feeble. 

Dye, v. to tinge, to color : s. any coloring 
fluid used in dyeing, a hue or tinge. 

Dye'ing, s. the art of coloring cloth, &c. 

Dynamics, s. pi. the science of mechanical 
powers. 

Dyn'asty, s. rule, sovereignty ; a race or suc- 
cession of rulers. 

Dysenter'ic, a. tending to dysentery. 

Dys'entery, a. a looseness, bloody flux. 

Dyspep'sy, s. difficulty of digestion. 

Dyspep'tie, a. having a difficulty of digestion : 
s. one whose digestion is bad. 

E. 

E, a prefix, the same as ex, signifying from 

or out of. 
Each, a. either of two, every one. 
Ea'ger, a. ardent, zealous, sharp, keen. 
Ea'gerly, ad. ardently, keenly. 
Ea'geruess, s. earnestness, impetuosity. 
Ea'gle, s. a bird of prey, the Roman standard. 
Ea'gle-eyed, a. sharp-sighted as an eagle. 
Ea'glet, s. a young eagle. 
Ear, s. the organ of hearing, the power of 

judging of harmony ; a spiko of eorn : v. 

to shout into ears. 
Ear, v. to plough (now obsolete.) 
Earl,*, title of nobility next to a marquis. 
Earl'dom, s. the seigniory of an earl. 
Earl'iness, s. the state of being very early. 
Earl-mar'shal, s. a great officer of stata. 
Earl'y, a. and ad. soon, betimes. 
Earn, v. to gain by labor ; to merit or deserve. 
Ear'nest, a. ardent, zealous, eager, intent, 

fixed : s. seriousness ; money advanced as 

a pledge. 
Earnestly, ad. warmly, eagerly, zealously. 
Ear'nestness, s. eagerness, solicitude. 
Earning, s. that which is gained by labor. 
Ear'-ring, s. an ornament for the ear. 
Ear'shot, s. within reach of the ear. 
Earth, s. mould, land, the world. 
Earth, v. to cover with earth, to bury, to get 

under ground. 
Earth/born, a. born of the earth. 
Earth'en, a. made of earth or clay. 
Earth'liness, Earth'iness, s. the quality of 

being earthy ; world! iness. 
Earth'ling, s. an inhabitant of the earth, con- 
sidered as a poor frail creature. 
Earth'ly, a. not heavenly, vile, corporeal. 
Earthly-minded, a. having a sensual mind. 
Earthly-mind'edncss, s. extreme devotedness 

to worldly concerns. 
Earth'nut, s. a root like a nut. 
Earth'quake, jr. a tremor of the earth. 
Earth'worm, s. a worm, a mean wretch. 
Earth'y, a. consisting of earth, gross, foul. 
Ear'wax, s. wax that gathers in the ear. 
Eafwig, s. an insect; a whisperer. 
Ease, s. quiet, rest after labor, facility: v. to 

free from pain, to relieve, to slacken. 
Eas'el, s. a painter's frame for canvass. 
Eas'einent, s. assistance, support. 
Eas'ily, ad. gently, without difficulty. 
Easiness, s. the quality of being easy. 



East, s. the quarter -where the sun rises : a. 

from or towards the east. 
Eas'ter, s. the festival in commemoration of 

the resurrection of our Saviour. 
Eas'terly, a. towards the east. 
Eas'tern, a. belonging to the east, oriental. 
East' ward, ad. and a. towards the east. 
Eas'y, a. not difficult, quiet. 
Eat, v. to take food, to devour. 
Eatable, a. that may be eaten : s. any thing 

that may be eaten. 
Eat'ing-house, s. a house where provisions are 

sold ready dressed. 
Eaves, s. edges of the roof which overhang 

the house. 
Eaves'dropper, s. a listener under windows. 
Ebb, v. to flow back to the sea, to decline : 

s. the reflux of the tide, decline, decay. 
Eb'bing, s. the reflux of the tide. 
Eb'on, Eb'ony, s. a hard, black, valuable 

wood : a. made of ebony. 
Ebri'ety, s. drunkenness, intoxication. 
Ebulliency, *. a boiling over. 
Ebullient, a. boiling over. 
Ebulli'lion, s. act of boiling or bubbling up. 
Eccen'tric, a. deviating from the centre, ir- 
regular, incoherent, anomalous. 
Eccentri"city, s. deviation from a centre, de- 

^iation from what is usual ; irregularity. 
Ecelesias'tic, s. a clergyman, a priest. 
Ecclesiastical, a. relating to the church. 
Echelon', [Fr.] s. a term used in military 
tactics to express the movement in which 
each division follows behind the other like 
the steps of a ladder. 
Echi'nus, s. a shell-fish set with prickles ; (in 

botany) the prickly head of a plant. 
Eclro, s. the reverberation of a sound : v. to 

give back the sound of a voice. 
Eclairliissement, [Fr.] s. an explanation. 
Ecla't, [Fr.] s. splendor, show, renown. 
Eclec'tic, a. selecting, choosing at will. 
Eclip'se, s. the darkening of one heavenly 
body by the intervention of the shadow of 
another : v. to obscure, to disgrace. 
Eclip'tic, s. the sun's apparent annual path 

in the heavens. 
Ecloguo, s. a (select) pastoral poem. 
Economic, Economical, a. frugal, thrifty. 
Economically, ad. frugally ; with economy. 
Economics, s. household management. 
Econ'omist, s. one that is thrifty or frugal. 
Econ'omize, v. to retrench, to save. 
Econ'omy, s. thrifty management of house- 
hold affairs; frugality; regulation; system. 
Ec'stasy, s. excessive joy, enthusiasm. 
Ecstatic, a. enrapturing, transporting. 
Ec'urie, [Fr.] *. a stable or shed for horses. 
Eda'cious, a. eating ; voracious ; devouring. 
Eda"city, s. voracity, ravenousnoss. 
Ed'dy, s. a contrary current ; a whirlpool : 
a. whirling, moving circularlv : v. to movo 
as an eddy. 
Eden, s. a paradise, a place of delight. 
Edge, *. the sharp or cutting part of a blade ; 
a brink or border : v. to sharpen or giva 
an edge to ; to incite ; to border or fringe. 
Edgeless, a. unable to cut, blunt, obtuse. 
Edge'tool, s. a tool made sharp to cut. 
Edge'wiso, ad. with the edge forward. 
Edging, s. a fringe, an ornamental border. 
E3 



EDI 

Edible, a. fit to be eaten, eatable. 

E'dict, s. proclamation, an ordinance. 

Edifica'tion, s. improvement, instruction. 

Edifica'tory, a. tending to edification. 

Edifice, s . a building, a fabric. 

Edify, v. to build ; to instruct; to improve. 

E'dile, s. the title of a Roman magistrate. 

Ed'it, v. to prepare a work for publication. 

Edi"tion, s. the publication of a book; the 
number of copies published. 

Editor, s. one who revises or prepares any 
literary work for publication. 

Editorship, s. the office and duty of an editor. 

Edito'rial, a. pertaining to, or written by, an 
editor. 

Ed'ucate, v. to instruct, to bring up. 

Education, s. the instruction of children. 

Educational, a. pertaining to education. 

Educator, s. one that instructs youth. 

Edu'ce, v. to bring out, to extract. 

Educ'tion, s. the act of bringing out. 

Eel, 5. a serpentine slimy fish. 

Ef fable, a. that may be spoken ; utterable. 

Effa'ce, v. to blot out ; to destroy. 

Effect', s. that which is produced by a cause ; 
issue ; reality : v. to bring to pass, to ful- 
fil or accomplish. 

Effectlble, a., practicable ; feasible. 

Effective, a. operative, active ; efficient. 

Effectively, ad. powerfully, with effect. 

Effectless, a. without effect, useless. 

Effects', s. pi. goods, movables. 

Effect'ual, a. powerful, efficacious. 

Effec'tually, ad. efficaciously ; thoroughly. 

Effec'tuate, v. to bring to pass, to fulfil. 

Effeminacy, s. unmanly delicacy. 

Effeminate, a. womanish, tender. 

Effeminately, ad. womanly, weakly. 

Effemlnatencss, s. unmanly softness. 

Effervcs'ce, v. to grow hot ; to hiss or bubble. 

Efferves'eenee, s. the act of growing hot ; 
frothing or bubbling. 

Efferves'cent, a. gently boiling or bubbling. 

Effe'te; a. barren, worn out. 

Effica'cious, a. productive of effects ; power- 
ful to produce the consequences intended. 

Effiea'ciously, ad. effectually. 

LIT; callousness, s. quality of being efficacious. 

Efficacy, s. ability or power to effect. 

Effi"cience, Effi"ciency, s. effectual agency. 

Efii'lient, a. producing effects ; able. 

Efficiently, ad. with effect ; effectively. 

Effigy, s. an image or resemblance. 

EfSores'cence, s. production of flowers. 

Efflores'cent, a. shooting out in flowers. 

Effluence, s. that which issues from some 
other principle. 

Effluent, a. flowing from, issuing out of. 

Efflu'via, [Lat.] a. those minute particles 
which exhale from most bodies. 

Efiiu'vium, [Lat.] s. a vapour, an emanation. 

Efflux, s. an effusion ; a flowing out. 

Effort, s. a struggle, a strong exertion. 

Effron'tery, s. boldness, impudence. 

Efful'gence, s. lustre, brightness, splendor. 

Efful'gent, a. shining, bright, luminou»s. 

Eft'u'se, v. to pour out ; to spill ; to shed. 

Effu'sion, s. the act of pouring out ; spilling. 

Effu'sive, a. pouring out ; dispersing. 

"Eft, s. a newt or small lizard. 

Eft, ad. after, soon, quickly. [Obs.l 



S2 



ELE 



Eft'soon, Effsoons, ad. soon after. [Oha.] 
Egg, s. that which is laid by feathered ani- 
mals and various kinds of insects, from 
which their young are produced. 
Egg, v. to incite, to instigate, to spur on. 
Eglantine, s. a species of rose ; sweet brier. 
Eg'otism, s. talking much of one's self. 
Eg'otist, s. one who talks much of himself. 
Egotis'tical, a. self-conceited. 
Eg'otize, v. to talk much of one's self. 
Egrc'gious, a. remarkable, extraordinary. 
Egre'giously, ad. remarkably, enormously. 
E'gress, Egres'sion, s. the act of going out. 
E'gret, s. a fowl of the heron kind. 
E'griot, s. a species of sonr cherry. 
Eh ! interj. denoting a desire to hear again 
that which had been before imperfectly 
heard, or not properly understood. 
Ei'der, s. a species of duck. 
Ei'der-down, s. the down or soft, feathers of 

the eider duek. 
Eight, a. twice four. 
Eight' een, a. eight and ten united. 
Eighteenth, a. the ordinal of eighteen. 
Eighth, a. the ordinal of eight. 
Eighthly, ad. in the eighth place. 
Eightieth, a. the ordinal of eighty. 
Eight'score, a. eight times twenty. 
Eight' y, a. eight times ten. 
Elsel, s. vinegar ; any thing very acid. 
Either, pron. one of the two. 
Ejaculate, v. to throw out, to dart out. 
Ejacula'tion, s. the act of throwing out ; 

a short prayer suddenly expressed. 
Ejac'ulatory, a. hasty ; darted out. 
Eject', v. to throw out, to expel, to cast forth. 
Ejee'tion, s. the act of casting out, expulsion. 
Eject' ment, s. a legal writ, commanding the 
tenant wrongfully holding houses or lands 
to restore possession to the owner. 
Ejec'tor, s. one who ejects or expels another. 
Eke, v. to add to ; to spin out ; to supply : 

ad. also, likewise, moreover. 
Elab'orate, a. finished with great labour and 

exactness ; studied. 
Elab'orately, ad. laboriously, diligently. 
Elaboration, s. the act of finishing with 

great care and attention. 
Elan'ce, v. to throw out, to dart out. 
Elap'se, v. to pass away, to glide away. 
Elas'tic, a. springing back, recovering. 
Elasti'lity, s. the quality in bodies by which, 
on being bent or compressed, they spring 
back to their original form. 
Ela'te, a. flushed with success ; haughty : v. 

to puff up, to exalt, to heighten. 
Ela'tion, s. haughtiness from success. 
El'bow, s. the bending of the arm ; an angle : 

v. to push with the elbow ; to jut out. 
El'bow-chair, s. a chair with arms. 
El'bow-room, s. room to stretch out the 

elbows on each side ; freedom. 
Eld, s. old age, old people, old times. [Obs.] 
Eld'er, a. older : s. an ancestor ; a lay ruler 
in the Presbyterian church ; i,a well-known 
tree, properly Alder.) 
El'deily, a. somewhat in years, rather old. 
El'dersj s. pi. ancient rulers among the Jews 
El'dest, a. the oldest, the first born 
Elecampa'ne, s. the plant^starwort. 
Elect', v. to choose or select. 



ELE 



83 



EMB 



Elect', a. chosen, preferred : s. one chosen. 

Elec'tion, s. the act or power of choosing. 

Electioneer'ing, s. the practices used at the 
election of a member for Parliament. 

Elective, a. exerting the power of choice. 

Elect'or, s. a person entitled to vote at an 
election ; one of the princes of Germany 
who had a vote in the election of the em- 
peror. 

Elect'oral, a. pertaining to election or elec- 
tors. 

Elect'orate, s. the territory of an elector. 

Elcc'tre, s. amber; a mixed metal. 

Elec'tric, s. any substance capable of exhi- 
biting electricity ; a non-conductor. 

Elec'tric, Elec'trical, a. pertaining to, or 
containing electricity. 

Elec'trically, ad. by means of electricity. 

Electrf'cian, s. one skilled in electricity. 

Electrf'city, *. that property in bodies which 
by friction attracts light substances and 
emits fire. 

Elec'trify, v. to communicate electricity ; to 
excite suddenly as by a shock. 

Electro-magnct'ic, a. pertaining to magnet- 
ism as connected with electricity. 

Electrom'eter, s. an instrument for measur- 
ing the electricity in any electrified body. 

Elec'tuary, s. a soft compound medicine. 

Eleemos'ynary, a. living upon alms. 

El'egance, s. beauty, grace, symmetry. 

El'cgant, a. choice ; graceful, beautiful. 

El'egantly, ad. in a pleasing manner; neatly. 

Elegiac, a. used in elegies ; sorrowful. 

El'egy, s. a mournful pathetic poem ; a dirge. 

El'emcnt, s. a first or constituent principle 
of any thing ; an ingredient ; proper habita- 
tion or sphere of any thing ; rudiments of 
science; popularly, earth, air, water, and 
fire are called the four elements. 

Elemental, a. pertaining to elements. 

Element'ary, a. not compounded, simple. 

Ei'ephant, s. the largest of quadrupeds. 

Elephanti'asis, s. a species of leprosy. 

Elephan'tine, a. pertaining to the elephant. 

El'evate, v. to raise up ; to exa.lt ; to pro- 
mote ; to dignify, to make glad. 

El'evate, El'evated, p. and a. exalted, elated. 

Eleva'tion, s. a raising up, exaltation, height. 

Ele've, [Fr.] s. one brought up or protected. 

Elev'en, a. ten and one added. 

1'lcv'enth, a.^ihe ordinal of eleven. 

Elf, s. a fairy, a goblin. 

Elfin, Elfish, a. relating to fairies. 

Elf lock, s. a knot of hair twisted by elves. 

Elf'cit, v. to bring to light; to fetch out. 

Elicita'tion, s. the act of drawing forth. 

Eli'de, v. to cut off a syllable. 

Eligibility, s. fitness to be chosen. 

El'igiblo, a. fit to be chosen. 

Elis'ion, s. act of cutting off; a suppression. 

Elix'ir, s. tho liquid extract or quintessence 
of any thing ; a medicine, a cordial. 

Elk, s. a large stately animal of the stag kind. 

Ell, s. a measure of one yard and a quarto*. 

Ellip'sis, s. an oval figure ; an omission. 

Ellip'tic, Eflip'tical, a. like an ellipsis; oval. 

Elliptfcity, s. elliptical form. 

Elm, s. the name of a forest tree. 

Elm'y, a. abounding with elm-trees. 

Elocu'tion, 8. eloquence, fluency of speech. 



Eloin', Eloigne, v. to put at a distance. 

Elon'gate, v. to lengthen, to draw out. 

Elonga'tion, s. the act of lengthening. 

Elo'pe, v. to run away ; to get loose from 
confinement ; to go off clandestinely. 

Elo'pement, *. a departure from friends and 
family without their consent. 

El'oquence, s. speaking with fluency, &c. 

El'oquent, a. having the power of oratory. 

El'oquently, ad. in elegant language. 

Else, a. other, different : ad. otherwise. 

Elsewhe're, ad. in another place. 

El'sin, s. a shoemaker's awl. 
| Elu'cidate, v. to explain, to clear up. 

Elucida'tion, s. an explanation, exposition. 

Elu'cidative, a. throwing light; explanatory. 

Elu'cidator, s. an explainer, a commentator. 

Elu'de, v. to escape by stratagem ; to shun. 

Elu'dible, a. that can be eluded. 

Elu'sion, s . an escape by artifice. 

Elu'sive, Elu'sory, a. tending to elude. 

Elv'ish, a. relating to elves or fairies. 

Elys'ian, a. pleasant, exceedingly delightful. 

Elys'ium, s. in the heathen mythology, the 
place appointed for the souls of the vir- 
tuous after death ; any pleasant place. 

Ema"ciate, v. to lose flesh ; to pine ; to waste. 

Ema"ciate, Ema''ciated, a. sunk ; wasted. 

Emacia'tion, s. tho state of one grown lean. 

Em'anate, v. to issue from something else. 

Emana'tion, s. the act of issuing or flowing 
from any other substance ; that which flows. 

Emancipate, v. to set free from slavery. 

Emancipation, s. a deliverance from slavery, 
or civil disabilities. 

Emas'culate, v. to deprive of virility : a. un- 
manned ; effeminate. 

Emaseula'tion, s. castration ; effeminacy. 

Embalm', v. to impregnate a body with aro- 
matics that it may resist putrefaction ; to 
preserve from decay. 

Embar', v. to shut in, to block up, to stop. 

Embar'go, s. a prohibition from sailing. 

Embark', v. to go on shipboard ; to engage. 

Embarka'tion, s. the going on shipboard. 

Embar'rass, v. to perplex, to distress. 

Embarrassment, s. perplexity, trouble. 

Emba'se, v . to vitiate, to degrade, to lower. 

Emba'scment, s. depravation, deterioration. 

Em'bassage, Eui'bassy, s. a state or public 
message. 

Embassador. See Ambassador. 

Embat'tle, v. to range in order of battle. 

Eiubat'tled, a. indented like a battlement'- 
drawn up in battle array. 

Embay', v. to enclose in a bay. 

Embed', v. to lay as in a bed. 

Embel'lish, v. to adorn, to beautify. 

Embel'iishmont, *. ornament, decoration. 

Em'bers, s. hot cinders or ashes. 

~Em'h<iT-week, s. a week in which an ember 
day or day of humiliation falls. 

Embez'zle, v. to steal privately ; to waste. 

Embez'zlement, s. a misapplying of a trust. 

Embla'ze, v. to blazon, to adorn, to paint. 

Embla'zon, v. to adorn with ensigns armo- 
rial ; to set off pompously ; to deck. 

Embla'zoncr, s. a herald ; a blazoner. 

Embla'zonry, s. pictures upon shields. 

Em'blem, s. a moral device ; a representa- 
tion ; an allusive picture ; inlay ; enamel. 



EMB 



84 



ENC 



Emblematic, Emblematical, a. using em- 
blems ; allusive. 

Emblematically, ad. allusively. 

Embod'y, v. to incorporate ; to unite. 

Embolden, v. to give boldness or courage to. 

Embor'der, v. to adorn with a border. 

Emboss', v. to form with protuberances ; to 
engrave with relief or rising work. 

Emboss'ment, s. relief or raised work. 

Embouchu're, [Fr J s. the mouth-hole of a 
flute or other wind instrument. 

Embow'el, v. to take out the entrails. 

Embra'ce, v. to hold fondly in the arms ; 
to comprise, to contain, to include : s. 
fond pressure in the arms. 

Embra'ceinent, s. the state of being embraced. 

Embrasu're, 3. a battlement ; an aperture in 
fortifications for cannon. 

Em'broeate, v. to foment a part diseased. 

Embroca'tion, s. a fomentation, a lotion. 

Embroi'der, v. to adorn with figure-work. 

Embroi'derer, s. one who embroiders. 

Embroi'dery, s. variegated needle-work. 

Embroil', v. to involve in troubles. 

Embroil'ment, s. confusion ; disturbance. 

Ein'bryo, Em'bryon, s. the child in the womb 
before it has perfect shape ; any thing ua- 
iraished : a. not yet ready for production. 

Emend', v. to amend ; to correct. 

Emenda'tion, s. a correction, an alteration. 

Em'endator, 5. a corrector ; an improver. 

Em'erald, s. a precious stone of a green, 
color. 

Emer'ge, v. to rise out of; to issue from. 

Emergence, Emer'gency, s. the act of rising 
from any surrounding element ; any sud- 
den occasion or unexpected casualty. 

Emer'gont, a. rising into view ; sudden. 

Em'erods. See Hemorrhoids. 

Emer'sion, s. the act of rising into view again . 

Em'cry, s. a mineral used in jutting gems 
and polishing steel. 

Emet'ic, s. a vomit : a. provoking vomits. 

E'mew, E'mu, s. the cassowary, a bird of the 
ostrich kind. 

Emica'tion, ». a sparkling or glittering. 

Em'igrant, s. one who emigrates : a. remov- 
ing from one country to another. 

Emigrate, v. to quit one country or region 
and settle in another. 

Emigra'tion, s. removal of inhabitants from 
one country to another. 

Em'inence, s. loftiness ; summit ; a part 
rising above the rest ; a conspicuous situa- 
tion ; distinction ; a title given to car- 
dinals. 

Em'inent, a. high, dignified, conspicuous. 

Eminently, ad. conspicuously, highly. 

E'mir, s. a title of dignity among the Turks. 

Emissary, s. a secret agent, a spy. 

Einis'sion, s. act of throwing or shooting out. 

Emit', v. to seud forth, to discharge. 

Em'met, s. an ant, a pismire. 

EmmiV, v. to coop up, to confine. 

Emollient- a. softening, suppling. 

Emollients, s. pi. external medicines which 
have the power of relaxing the fibres. 

Emolli"tiou, s. the act of softening. 

Emol'ument, s. profit, advantage, gain. 

Emo'tion, s. disturbance of mind ; vehemence 
of passion ; a sudden motion. 



Empale, v. to enclose, to fence with pales; 

to put to death by fixing on a stake. 
Empa'lement, s. the act of empaling. 
Empan'nel, v. See Impannei. 
Empas'sion. See Impassion. 
Empe'ople, v. to form into a community. 

Em'peror, s. a monarch, in title and dignity 
superior to a king. 

Em'phasis, s. a particular stress laid on a 
word or sentence bj the speaker. 

Em'phasize, v. to utter with a particular 
stress of the voice. 

Emphatic, Emphat'ical, a. forcible. 

Emphatically, ad. strongly, forcibly. 

Em'pire, s. imperial power; command. 

Empir'ic, s. a pretended physician, a quack. 

Empir'ic, Empirical, a. practised without 
rational grounds ; expi-rimental. 

Empirically, ad. without rational ground. 

Empiricism, s. dependence on experience 
without the rules of art ; quackery. 

Emplas'tic, a. viscous, glutinous. 

Emplead', v. to indict, to prefer a charge. 

Employ', v. to keep at work ; to use. 

Employ', Employ'ment, .?. business; office 
or post of business ; business entrusted. 

Employ'er, s. one who sets others to work. 

Empoi'son, v. to destroy by poison. 

Empoi'sonment, s. the act of poisoning. 

Empo'rium, s. a place of merchandise, a 
mart ; a commercial city. 

Erupov'erish, v. See Impoverish. 

Empow'er, v. to authorize, to enable. 

Em'press, s. the wife of an emperor ; the 
female sovereign of an empire. 

Empri'se, s. an attempt of danger. 

Emp'tiness, s. a void space, vacuity ; want 
of substance, want of knowledge. 

Erup'ty, a. not full ; unfurnished; ignorant: 
v. to evacuate ; to exhaust. 

Empur'ple, v. to make of a purple color. 

Empyr'eal, Empyr'ean, a. aerial, heavenly. 

Empyr'ean, s. the highest heaven, where the 
pure elemental fire is supposed to subsist. 

E'mu. See E'mew. 

Em'ulate, v. to rival ; to imitate. 

Emula'tion, s. rivalry, envy, contention. 

Em'ulative, a. inclined to emulation. 

Em'ulator, s. a rival, a competitor. 

Emul'gent, a. milking or draining out. 

Em'ulous. a. rivalling, desirous to excel. 

Em'ulously, ad. with desire of excelling. 

Emul'sion, j. an oily, lubricating medicine. 

Emulsive, a. like milk ; softening. 

Ena'ble, v. to make able, to empower. 

Enact', v . to decree, to establish by law. 

Enact'ment, s. the making a law. 

Enae'tor, s. one who enacts. 

Enal'lage, s. a figure in grammar in which 
words are put out of their proper order. 

Enam'el, v. to inlay, to variegate with co- 
lors ; to form a glossy substance : *. sub- 
stance used in enamelling ; the smooth 
hard covering of the teeth. 

Enam'elltT, s. one who enamels or inlays. 

Enam'elling, s. the art of inlaying colors. 

Enam'our, v. to inspire with love. 

Enca'ge, v. to confine in a cage, to coop up. 

Encamp', v. to pitch tents, to form a camp* 

Encamp'ment, s. tents pitched in order. 

Enca'se, v. to enclose or cover in a case. 



ENC 



85 



EtfL 



Encaus'tic, a. pertaining to the art of paint- 
ing with burnt wax, or enamelling. 

Enceinte, [Fr.] a. in a state of pregnancy. 

Encha'fe, v. to enrage, to irritate, to provoke. 

Enchain', v. to fasten with a chain. 

Enchant', v. to bewitch, to delight highly. 

Enchant'er, s. a magician, a sorcerer. 

Enchant'ing, a. magical ; charming. 

Enchantlngly, ad. charmingly. 

Enchant'ment, s. magical charms, spells ; ir- 
resistible influence ; high delight. 

Enchant'ress, s. a sorceress ; a woman that 
fascinates by hor beauty. 

Encha'se, V. to set or fix in a case ; to chase 
or adorn by embossed work. 

Enchiridion, s. a small pocket volume. 

Encir'cle, v. to surround, to environ ; to en- 
close in a ring or circle. 

Enclit'ic, s. a particle which throws back the 
accent upon the preceding syllable ; a. 
leaning ; throwing back. 

Enclo'se, v. to surround ; to fence in. 

Enclo'sure, s. ground enclosed or fenced in. 

Enco'miast, s. a panegyrist, a praiser. 

Encomias'tic, Encomias'tical, a. laudatory. 

Enco'mium, s. a panegyric, praise, eulogy. 

Encom'pass, v. to encircle, to shut in, to 
surround, to environ. 

Encom'passment, s. a surrounding. 

Enco're, [Fr.] ad. again, once more : v. to 
call for a repetition. 

Encoun'ter, s. a duel, a battle ; sudden 
meeting ; engagement ; casual accident : 
v. to meet face to face ; to fight, to attack. 

Encour'age, v. to animate, to embolden. 

Eneour'agrnient, s. incitement, support. 

Encour'ager, s. one who encourages. 

Encour'aging, a. animating. 

Encroach', v. to make invasions upon the 
rights of another ; to pass bounds. 

Encroach'ment, s. an unlawful intrusion. 

Encrust', v. to cover as with a crust. 

Encam'ber, v. to clog, to impede. 

Encum'branee, s. an impediment, a clog. 

Encyclical, a. circular; roundabout. 

Encyclope'dia, s. the whole circle of the 
sciences ; a dictionary of general know- 
ledge. 

End, s. extremity ; conclusion ; death ; ob- 
ject or purpose : v. to finish. 

Endam'age, v. to injure ; to prejudice. 

Enda'ngcr, v. to bring into peril, to hazard. 

Endear', v. to render dear or beloved. 

Endear'ment, s. cause of love ; affection. 

Endeav'our, *. an effort, an attempt : v. to 
strive, to try or attempt. 

Ende'mial, Endemic, a. peculiar to a coun- 
try, as applied to genera! diseases. 

Ending, p. finishing : s. the end. 

En'dive, s. a common salad herb ; succory. 

Endless, a. infinite, incessant. 

End'most, a. remotest ; at the extreme end. 

Endor'se, v. to superscribe ; to accept a bill. 

Endorsement, s. superscription ; acceptance. I 

Endors'er, s. the person who writes his name 
on the back of a bill of exchange. 

Endow', v. to give a portion ; to endue. 

Endow'ment, s. wealth given ; a natural or 
acquired accomplishment. 

Endue', v. to supply with grace; to inves^- 

Endu'rable, a. tolerable ; sufferable. 



Endu'rance, s. continuance, sufferance. 

Endu're, v. to bear, sustain, brook, last. 

End'wise, ad. erectly; uprightly; on end. 

En'emy, s. a foe, an adversary, an opponent. 

Energetic, Energetical, a. forcible, vigorous. 

Energetically, ad. with energy. 

En'ergy, s. power, force, efficacy. 

Enervate, v. to unnerve, to weaken. 

Ener'vate, a. weakened, deprived of force, 

Enerva'tion, s. the state of being weakened. 

Enfamlsh, v. to starve ; to famish. 

Enfee'ble, v. to weaken, to render feeble. 

Enfee'blement, *. the act of weakening. 

Enfeoff', v. to invest with possessions. 

Enfeoffment, s. the act of enfeoffing. 

Enfet'ter, v. to put in chains, to confine. 

Enfila'de, *. a straight passage : v. to pierce 
in a straight line. 

Enfo'rce, v. to force, to strengthen, to urge. 

Enfo'rcenient, *. compulsion, exigence. 

Enfranchise, v . to make free, to liberate. 

Enfranchisement, s. the act of making free ; 
release from slavery or prison. 

Enga'ge, v. to embark in an affair ; to win 
by pleasing means ; to bind by a contract ; 
to attack, to fight. 

Enga'gement, s. an obligation, a bond ; em- 
ployment of the attention ; a battle. 

Enga'ging, a. winning by pleasing ways. 

Enga'gingly, ad. in an obliging manner. 

Engar'land, v. to encircle with a garland. 

Engarlison, v. to defend by a garrison. 

Engen'der, v. to beget, to produce or cause. 

Engild', v. to brighten, to illuminate. 

En'gine, s. any machine ; an agent. 

Engineer', s. one who manages engines, or 
directs the artillery of an army. 

En'ginery, s. engines of war, artillery. 

Engird', v. to encircle, to surround. 

Englut', v. to swallow up, to pamper. 

Engor'ge, v. to swallow, to gorge. 

Eugrai'n, v. to dye in grain, to dye deep. 

Engrap'ple, v. to close with ; to contend. 

Engrasp', v. to hold fast in the hand. 

Engra've, v. to cut characters on copper, 
brass, or other metals. 

Engra'ver, s. one who engraves. 

Engra'ving, s. a picture engraved. 

Engro'ss, v. to monopolize the whole of any 
commodity ; to copy in a large hand. 

Engrosser, s. he that purchases large quanti- 
ties of any commodity, in order to sell it 
at a high price. 

Engulf, v. to cast into a gulf. 

Enhan'ce, v. to raise ; to raise in value. 

Enhan 'cement, s. increase, augmentation. 

Enig'ma, s. a riddle, an obscure question. 

Enigmat'ic, Enigmatical, a. obscure ; am- 
biguously or darkly expressed. 

Enjoin', v. to direct, to order, to prescribe, 
to give charge. 

Enjoin'ment, s. a direction, a command. 

Enjoy 7 , v. to obtain possession of; to exhi- 
larate, to delight in. 

Enjoy'able, a. capable of enjoyment. 

Enjoy'er, ft one that has possession. 

Enjoy'ment, s. happiness, fruition, pleasure. 

Enkin'dle, v. to set on fire, to inflame. 

Enlard', v. to cover with lard, to baste. 

Enlar'ge, v. to increase ; to expatiate. 

Enlargement, s. an increase ; a release 



ENL 



86 



EPE 



Enli'ght, v. to supply with light. 

Enli'ghtcn, v. to illuminate, to instruct. 

Enli'ghtener, s. an illuminator, an instructor. 

Enlink', v. to chain to ; to bind together. 

Enlist', v. to enrol or register. 

Enlist'ment, * . the act of enlisting. 

Enli'ven. v. to make lively, to animate. 

Enmesh', v. to net, to entangle. 

En'mity, s. malevolence, malice, ill-will. 

Enno'ble, v . to dignify, to elevate. 

Enno'blement, s. exaltation, elevation. 

En'nui, [Fr.] s. weariness, lassitude. 

Enorm', a. irregular, wicked. 

Enor'mity, s. great wickedness, villany. 

Enor'mous, a. beyond rule or measure ; ex- 
cessive ; very wicked. 

Enor'mously, ad. beyond measure. 

Enor'mousness, s. immeasurable excess. 

Enough', a. sufficient : s. a sufficiency. 

Enoun'ce, t> . to declare. 

Enow 7 , the plural of Enough. 

Enqui're. See Inqui're. 

Enra'ge, v. to irritate, to provoke. 

Enrap'ture, v. to transport with pleasure. 

Enrav'ishment, s. ecstasy of delight. 

Enrich', v. to make rich ; to fertilize. 

Enrich'er, s. one that enriches. 

Enrich'ment, s. augmentation of wealth. 

Enri'pen, v. to ripen, to mature. 

Enrobe, 8. to dress, to clothe, to adorn. 

Enro'l, v. to register, to record, to enwrap. 

Enro'lment, s. a register, a record. 

Ens. s. any kind of being or existence. 

Ensam'ple, s. an example, a pattern. 

Ensan'guine, v. to stain or cover with blood. 

Enscon'ce, v. to cover, to shelter. 

Enseal', v. to fix a seal on, to impress. 

Enseam', v. to sew up, to close up. 

Ensear', v. to stop with fire ; to cauterize. 

Ensem'ble, [Fr.] s. a relative proportion of 
parts to the whole. 

Enshield', v. to cover, to defend, to protect. 

Enshri'ne, v. to preserve as a holy relic. 

En'sign, s. the flag or standard of a regiment ; 
the officer who carries it ; a badge or mark 
of distinction. 

En'sign-bearer, s. he that carries the flag. 

En'signcy, s. the office of an ensign. 

Ensla've, v. to deprive of liberty. 

Ensla'vement, s. state of slavery, bondage. 

Ensna're, v. to entrap, to allure. 

Enstamp', v. to impress as with a stamp. 

Ensue', v. to follow : to pursue ; to succeed. 

Ensu're. See Insu're. 

Entab'Jature, Enta'blement, *. the architrave, 
frieze, and cornice of a pillar. 

Entail', v. to settle the descent of any estate 
so tnat it cannot be bequeathed at pleasure 
by any subsequent possessor ; to fix inalien- 
ably : s. an estate entailed ; the rule that 
limits the succession. 

Entail'ment, s. the act of entailing. 

Enta'me, v. to tame, to subdue. 

Entan'gle, v. to twist or involve ; to puzzle 
pr perplex. 

Eman'glcinent, s. intricacy, perplexity. 

En'ter, v. to go or come into : to set down in 
writing; to engage in ; to initiate in. 

Enterla'ce, v. to intermix, to interweave. 

En'terpme, s. a hazardous undertaking. 

Eu'terpriser, s. a man of enterprise. 



Entertain', v. to talk with ; to treat at table 
to amuse ; to hold in the mind. 

Entertain'er, s. one who entertains. 

Entertain'ment, s. hospitable reception ; a 
feast ; any thing that entertains or amuses, 
as a dramatic performance. 

Enthro'ne, v. to set on a throne ; to exalt. 

Enthu'siasm, s. heat of imagination. 

Enthu'siast, s. one of a heated imagination ; 
one who thinks himself inspired ; one ex- 
travagantly fond of any thing. 

Enthusiastic, a. over-zealous in any thing. 

Enthusiastically, ad. with enthusiasm. 

En'thymeme, s. a syllogism, of which one of 
the premises is understood. 

Enti'ce, v. to allure, to attract, to invite. 

Enti'cement, s. an allurement, a bait. 

Enti'cingly, ad. in a winning manner. 

Enti're, a. whole, undivided, complete. 

Enti'rely, ad. completely, fully, wholly. 

Enti'tle, v. to give a title or right to. 

En'tity, s. a real being, real existence. 

Entoil', v. to ensnare or take with toils. 

Entomb', v. to put in a tomb, to bury. 

Entomol'ogist, s. one skilled in entomology. 

Entomol'ogy, s. that part of natural history 
which treats of insects. 

En'trails, s. pi. the intestines, the bowels. 

En'trance, s. a passage ; the act of entering. 

Entran'ce, v. to put into a trance. 

Entrap', v. to ensnare, to take advantage of. 

Entreat', v. to beg earnestly, to importune. 

Entrea'ty, s. a petition ; solicitation. 

Entremets, [Fr.] s. pi. small dishes set be- 
tween the principal ones at table ; dainty 
dishes. 

Entrepo't, [Fr.] s. a magazine ; a warehouse. 

En'try, s. the act of entrance, a passage. 

Entwi'ne, v. to twine or wreath together. 

Entwist', v. to twist or wreathe together. 

Enu'cleate, v. to solve ; to clear or explain. 

Enu'merate, v. to reckon up singly. 

Emimera'tion, s. the act of counting over. 

Enu'merative, a. reckoning up singly. 

Enun'ciate, v. to enounce or declare. 

Enuncia'tion, s. declaration ; manner of 
utterance. 

Enuu'ciative, a. declarative, expressive. 

Envel'op, v. to cover, to surroimd, to hide. 

En'velopo, s. a cover or wrapper. 

Envel'opment, s. perplexity, entanglement. 

Enven'om, v. to poison ; to fill with venom. 

En'viable, a. exciting envy ; desirable. 

En'vious, a. full of envy, malicious. 

En'viously, ad. with envy, with malignity. 

Envi'ron, v. to surround, to encompass. 

En'virons, s. pi. places adjacent ; suburbs. 

En'voy, s. a public minister sent from one 
power to another ; an ambassador. 

En'vy, v. to repine at the happiness of others, 
to hate another for any excellence : s. vexa- 
tion at another's good. 

Eo'lian-Harp, .y. a musical instrument pro- 
ducing sounds by the action of the wind. 

E'uact, k the excess of the solar above the 
lunar year. 

Ep'aulet, s. a shoulder-knot of lace, &c. 

Epen'thesis, s. the insertion of a letter in the 
middle of a word. 

Epcr'gne, [Fr.] s. an ornamental stand for 
the centre of a dining-table. 



EPH 



67 



E'pha, *. a Jewish measure. 

Ephem'era, *. an insect that lires but a day. 

Ephem'eral, a. only for a day ; short-lived. 

Ephem'eris, s. an account of the daily motions 
and situations of the planets. 

Ephial'tes, *. the nightmare. 

E'phod, s. the girdle worn by Jewish priests. 

Ep'ic, a. narrative, heroic : s. an epic poem. 

Epice'dium, s. an elegy, a funeral poem. 

Ep'icene, a. common to both sexes. 

Ep'icure, s. a luxurious and dainty eater. 

Epicurean, a. luxurious, contributing to 
luxury : s. a follower of Epicurus. 

Epicurism, s. luxury, voluptuousness. 

Epicy'cle, s. a little circle whose centre is in 
the circumference of a greater. 

Epicy'cloid, s. a geometrical curve. 

Epidemic, s. a generally prevailing disease. 

Epidem'ic, Epidem'ical, a. generally pre- 
vailing ; affecting great numbers. 

Epider'mal, Epider'mic, Epider/midal, a. 
pertaining to the skin or bark. 

Epider'mis, s. the outer skin of the body. 

Epiglot'is, 5. the thin movable cartilage which 
covers the aperture of the windpipe while 
food is passing over it to the stomach. 

Ep'igram, s. a short pointed poem. 

Epigrammatic, a. like an epigram; concise, 
pointed. 

Epigrani'matist, s. a writer of epigrams. 

Ep'ilepsy, s. the falling sickness. 

Epilep'ttc, Epilep'tical, a. affected with epi- 
lepsy ; pertaining to epilepsy. 

Ep'ilogue, s. a speech at the end of a p;ay. 

Epiph'any, s. a festival held on the 12th day 
after Christmas, in commemoration of our 
Saviour's being manifested to the world by 
the appearance of a star. 

Epis'copacy, s. a government by bishops. 

Epis'copal, a. relating to a bishop. 

Episcopalian, ■?. an adherer to the established 
church of England. 

Epis'copate, s. the office of a bishop. 

Epis'copy, s. superintendence ; survey. 

Episo'de, s. an incidental narrative or digres- 
sion in a poem. 

Episodical, a. contained in an episode. 

Episodically, ad. by way of episode. 

Epis'tle, s. a letter ; a writing sent. 

Epislolary, a. relating to letters ; transacted 
by letters ; suitable to letters. 

Epitaph, s. a monumental inscription. 

Epithala'mium, s. a nuptial song. 

Epithet, s. an adjective denoting a quality. 

Epit'ome, s. an abridgment, an abstract. 

Epitomize, v. to abridge, to reduce. 

E'poch, Ep'ocha,5.the time from which dates 
are numbered ; any fixed period. 

Ep'ode, s. the last part of an ode. 

Epopee', s. the subject of an epic poem. 

Ep'ujary, a. belonging to a feast or banquet. 

Equability, s. evenness, uniformity. 

E'quable, a. equal to itself, uniform ; just. 

E'quably, ad. evenly ; equally to itself. 

E'qual, s. one of the same rank and age. 

E'qual, a. like another; even, uniform, just. 

E'qual, E'qualize, v. to make one person 
equal to another, to make even. 

Equal iza'tion, s. state of equality. 

Equality, s. likeness, uniformity, 

E'qually, ad. in the same degree, impartially. 



ERO 

E'qualness, s. the state of being equal. 
Equanimity, s. evenness of mind. 
Equa'tion, s. bringing things to an equality 5 

a term in algebra and astronomy. 
Equa'tor, *. a great circle, equally distant 

from the poles of the world, dividing the 

globe into two equal parts. 
Equato'rial, a. pertaining to the equator. 
Eq'uerry, s. one who has the care of the 

horses belonging to a king or prince. 
Eques'trian, a. pertaining to a horseman ; 

belonging to the Roman knights. 
Equian'gular, a. consisting of equal angles. 
Equidis'tant, a. being at the same distance. 
Equilat'eral, a. having all sides equal. 
Equilibrium, s. equality of weight, equipoise. 
Equinoc'tial, a. pertaining to the equinox. 
Equinoc'tial line, s. the equator; so called, 

because when the sun is vertical to it, the 

days and nights are equal all over the 

world. 
Eq'uinox, s. the time when the days and 

nights are equal, about the 21st of March 

and 22d of September. 
Equip', v. to dress or fit out, to furnish. 
Eq'uipage, s. retinue ; horses and carriages ; 

accoutrements ; furniture. 
Equip'ment, s. the things equipped or fitted 

out ; the act of equipping. 
Eq'uipoise, *. an equality of weight. 
Equipollent, a. of equal force or power. 
Equipon'derant, a. of equal weight. 
Eq'uitable, a. just, right, impartial, fair. 
Eq'uitableness, s. justness, equity. 
Eq'uitabiy, ad. impartially, justly. 
Eq'uity, s. justice, right, impartiality. 
Equivalence, s. equality of worth or power. 
Equivalent, s. a thing of the same value : 

a. equal in value or power. 
Equiv'ocal, a. doubtful, ambiguous. 
Equivocally, ad. ambiguously, doubtfully. 
EquiVoealness, s. ambiguity, two meanings. 
Equivocate, v. to use ambiguous expressions. 
Equivoca'tion, s. ambiguity of speech ; double 

or doubtful meaning. 
EquiVocator, j. one who equivocates. 
Equivoque, [Fr.] s.a quibble, equivocation. 
E'ra, s. an epoch ; a point of time. 
Era'diate, v. to shoot like a ray, to beam. 
Eradia'tion, s. emission of radiance. 
Eradicate, v. to pull up by the roots. 
Eradica'tion, s. the act of rooting up. 
Era'se, v. to rub or scrape out ; to destroy. 
Era'sure, s. act of erasing; a rubbing out. 
Ere, ad. before, sooner than. 
Erect', v. to set upright ; to build ; to raise 

or exalt : a. upright ; bold. 
Erec'tion, s. a building or raising up. 
Erect'ness, s. uprightness of posture. 
Erelong', ad. before a long time passes. 
Er'emitc. s. a hermit ; a recluse. 
Eremitical, a. like a hermit. 
Erenow 7 , ad. before this time. 
Erewhi'lo, ad. some time ago, heretofore. 
Er'go, [Lat.] ad. consequently, therefore. 
Erin'go, s. the plant called sea-holly. 
Er'niine, *. a small animal that furnishes a 

valuable fur ; the fur of the ermine ; 

figuratively, the office or dignity of a judge. 
Er'niined. a. clothed with ermine. 
Ero'de, v. to eat away-, to canker. 



ERO 



£TY 



Eroga'tion, s. the act of giving or bestowing. 

Ero'sion, s. the act of eating away. 

Err, v. to go out of the way ; to mistake. 

Er'rand, s. a verbal message. 

Errant, a. wandering, roving ; very bad. 

Er'rantry, s. a roving or rambling about. 

Erra'ta, [Lat. pi. of Erratum] s. mistakes 

made in printing. 
Errat'ic, Errat'ical, a. wandering, irregular. 
Errat'ically, ad. without rule or order. 
Earing, a. committing error ; uncertain. 
Erro'ueous, a. mistaken ; full of errors. 
Erro'neously, ad. by mistake ; falsely. 
Er'ror, s. a mistake, a blunder, a sin. 
Erse, s. the Irish or Gaelic language. 
Erst, ad. when time was ; first, formerly. 
Erst' while, ad. till then : till now ; aforetime. 
Erubes'cent, a. somewhat red ; blushing. 
Eruct', v. to belch, to expel wind. 
Eructa'tion, s. a sudden burst of wind. 
Erudite, a. learned, well read. 
Erudi'"tion, s. learning, knowledge. 
Eru'ginous, a. copperish, rusty, brassy. 
Erup'tion, s. an issuing or breaking forth 

with violence ; a rash or breaking out of 

humors ; pustules. 
Erup'tive, a. bursting, or tending to burst. 
Erysip'elas, s. an eruptive disease, vulgarly 

called Saint Anthony's fire. 
Escala'de, [Fr.] s. the scaling of walls : v. to 

mount and enter by means of ladders. 
Escal'op, s. See Sealiop 
Escapa'de, [Fr.] s. a prank : fling of a horse. 
Esca'pe, v. to get out of danger, to avoid ; 

to pass unobserved : *. a getting out of 

danger ; fight ; oversight. 
E.'ca'pement, s. that part of a watch or clock 

that regulates its movements. 
Escarp'ment, s. a slope or steep descent. 
Eschalot', s. a kind of small onion. 
Es'ehar, s. a hard crust or scar made Dy 

caustic applications to a wound. 
Escharot'ie, a. burning, searing, caustic. 
Ex-heat', s. any thing that falls to the lord of 

the manor as a forfeit, or on the death of a 

tenant having no heir : v. to forfeit. 
Escheat'or, s. an officer who has to look after 

the escheats of the crown. 
Eschew 7 , v. to avoid, to shun. 
Es'cort, s. a guard : v. to convoy or attend as 

a guard to a place. 
Escot'. See Scot. 
Escritoi're, [Fr.] s. a box or bureau which 

forms a desk for writing. 
Escula'pian, a. pertaining to the medical art. 
Es'culent, a. eatable ; good for food : s. 

something fit for food. 
Escutch'eon, s. a shield with arms. 
Escutch'eoned, a. having an escutcheon. 
Esoph'agus. See CEsoph'agus. 
Esoter'ic, a. secret, mysterious. 
Espal'ier, s. a tree traiued on rails or stakes. 
Espe"cial, a. principal, chief, leading. 
Especially, ad. principally, particularly. 
Es'perance, [Fr.] s. hope, expectation. 
Espi'al, s. one sent out to espy; observation. 
Es'pionage, [Fr.] s. the act of procuring and 

giving intelligence by spies. 
Esplana'de, s. an open or flat space before a 

fortification. 
Espou'sal, a. relating to espousals. 



Espou'sals, s. pi. the act of affiancing a man 
and woman to each other in marriage. 

Espou'se, v. to betToth or engage for mar- 
riage ; to marry ; to take upon ; to main- 
tain. 

Espous'er, s. one who maintains a point. 

Espy 7 , v. to see at a distance ; to watch. 

Esqui're, s. a title next below a knight. 

Essay', v. to try, to attempt, to endeavour. 

Es'say, .?. an attempt ; a short treatise. 

Es'sayist, s. a writer of essays. 

Es'sence, s. the nature, substance, or being of 
anything; existence; perfume, scent : v. 
to perfume, to scent. 

Essen'tial, a. necessary to existence ; very 
important : s. existence ; the chief point. 

Essen'tially, ad. constitutionally, necessarily ; 
by the constitution of nature. 

Essoin', s. an excuse for non-appearance. 

Establish, v. to settle firmly ; to found. 

Estab'-lishment, s. a settlement ; fixed state ; 
foundation ; income. 

Estafet'te, [Fr.] *. a military courier. 

Esta'te, *. a fortune ; rank, condition of life. 

Esteem', v. to value, to think highly of : s. 
high value in opinion ; regard. 

Es'timable, a. worthy of esteem. 

Es'timate, v. to rate, to set a value on : s. a 
calculation ; a set price or value ; assign- 
ment of value. 

Estimation, s. esteem, opinion ; a valuing. 

Es'tival, a. relating to the summer. 

Esto'p, (in law) v. to impede or stop. 

Esto'vers, (in law; s. supplies ; allowance. 

Estra'de, [Fr.] s. au even or level place. 

Estra'nge, v. to alienate ; to become htrange. 

Estrangement, s. alienation. 

Estrapa'de, s . the rearing and kicking of an 
ungovernable horse. 

Estreat', v. to extract, to copy ; to take from 
by way of fine : s. a true copy. 

Es'tuary, s. an arm of the sea ; a frith. 

Estua'tion, s. a boiling, agitation, commotion. 

Esu'rient, a. hungry, voracious. 

Es'urine, a. corroding, eating, consuming. 

Etch, v. to make a print by etching. 

Etch'ing, s. a method of engraving on metal 
by eating in the figures with prepared aqua- 
fortis. 

Eter'ual, a. perpetual, endless, everlasting. 

Eter'nal, 5. one of the appellations of God. 

Eter'nize, v. to immortalize. 

Eter'nally, ad. unchangeably, perpetually. 

Eter'ne, a. eternal, perpetual, endless. 

Eter'nity, s. duration without end. 

E'ther, s. pure elemental air ; a light, vola- 
tile, and inflammable liquid. 

Ethe'real, a. heavenly ; refined, pure. 

Ethe'realize, v. to convert into ether. 

Eth'ic, Eth'ical.ct. moral, relating to morals. 

Eth'ics, s. pi. the doctrines of morality ; the 
science of moral philosophy. 

E'thiop, s. a native of Ethiopia. 

Eth'nic, a. heathenish : s. a heathen, one who 
has no faith in revealed religion. 

Eth'ically, ad. according to moral doctrines. 

Etiol'ogy, s. an account of the causes of any 
thing ; an account of the causes of a disease. 

Etiquett'e, s . the polite form or manner of 
doing any thing. 

Etvniolo"gical, a. relating to etymology. 



ETY 89 

;Etymolo"gically, ad. according to etymology. 

Etymol'ogist, s. one who searches out the 
original of words 

Etymol'ogy, s. the derivation of words. 

Et'ymon, s. an original or primitive word. 

Eu'charist, s. the act of thanksgiving ; the 
sacrament of the Lord's Supper. 

Eu'logist, s. one who praises another. 

Eulogize, v. to praise ; to extol. 

Eulo'gium, Eulogy, s. praise, encomium. 

Eu'nuch, s. one who is emasculated. 

Eu'phemism, 5. the substitution of an agree- 
able for an offensive word. 

Euphonic, a. sounding agreeably. 

Eupho'nious, a. sweetly sounding ; musical. 

Eu'phony, s. a sweet and agreeable sound. 

Euphor'bia, s. spurge, a plant. 

Euphor'bium, s. a pungent medical gum. 

Eu'phrasy, s. the herb eyebright. 

Europe'an, a. belonging to Europe : s. a 
native of Europe. 

Eu'rus, s. the ea.-,t wind. 

Evac'uant, a. emptying: s. medicine that 
procures evacuation. 

Evac'uatc,i'. to make void or empty; to quit. 

Evacua'tion, s. a discharge ; an emptying ; 
a withdrawing from ; an ejectment. 

Eva'de, v. to avoid, to elude ; to equivocate. 

Evaga'tion, s. a rambling deviation. 

Evanes'ccnce, *. disappearance. 

Evanes'cent, a. vanishing from ; lessening 
beyond perception ; imperceptible. 

Evangelical, a. agreeable to the gospel. 

Evangelically, ad. according to the gospel. 

Evan'gelism,*. the promulgation ofthegospel. 

Evan'gelist, s. a writer or preacher of the 
gospel ; a bringer of good tidings. 

Evangelize, v. to preach the gospel. 

Evap'orate, v. to fly away in vapor ; to 
breathe or steam out. 

Evapora'tion, s. conversion into vapor. 

Eva'sion, s. an excuse, equivocation, artifice. 

Eva'sive, a. equivocating, shuffling, elusive. 

Eva'sively, ad. elusively, sophistical] y. 

Eva'siveness, s. the q-uaiity of being evasive. 

Eve, E'ven, s. evening or close of the day ; 
the day before a festival. 

E'ven, a. level ; smooth ; equal ; uniform. 

E'ven, ad. verily, notwithstanding, likewise. 

Evenhand'ed, a. impartial, just, equitable. 

E'vening, E'ven, •*. the close of the day. 

E'venly, ad. equally, uniformly, impartially. 

E'venncss, s. equality of surface ; smooth- 
ness ; regularity ; uniformity. 

E'ven-song, s. the evening worship. 

Event', s. any thing that happens ; an inci- 
dent ; the consequence of an action. 

Event'ful, a. full of incidents or changes. 

E'ven-tide, s. the time of evening. 

Ever/tual, a. consequential ; final. 

Even'tually, ad. in the event, last result. 

EvCr, ad. at any time ; eternally, always. 

Everdu'ring, a. enduring without end. 

Evergreen, s. a plant all the year green : 
a. verdant throughout the year. 

Everlasting, a. perpetual, without end. 

Everlasting, Everlastlngness, s. eternity. 

Everlivlng, a. living always, immortal. 

Evermo'rc, ad. eternally, without end. 

Evert', v. to overthrow, to destroy. 

Ev'ory, a. each one of all, belonging to all. 



ESC 



Ev'eryday, a. common, occurring on any day. 

Everywhere, ad. in every place. 
j Evict', v. to dispossess by legal process. 

Evic'tion, * . a proof, evidence ; dispossession. 

Evidence, s. testimony, proof; a witness. 

Evidence, v. to prove, to show. 

Evident, a. plain, apparent, obvious. 

Evidential, a. affording evidence. 

Evidently, ad. apparently, plainly, certainly. 

E'vil, a. wicked, mischievous, bad, corrupt. 

E'vil, E'vilness, s. wickedness ; badness. 

Evil-do'er, s. one that commits crimes. 

E'vil-eyed, a. having a malignant look. 

Evil-fa'vored, a. ill-countenanced. 

Evil-mi'nded, a. malicious, wicked. 

Evil-speaking, s. defamation, slander. 

Evin'cc, v. to prove, to make plain. 

Evin'cible, a. capableof proof ; demonstrable. 

Evis'cerate, v. to disembowel. 

E vltable, a. that may be avoided. 

Evoca'tion, s. a calling out or from. 

Evo'ke, v. to call forth or out of. 

Evola'tion, s. the act of flying away. 

Evol've, v. to unfold, to disentangle. 

Evolu'tion, s. the act of unfolding ; maneu- 
vering of troops, &c. 

Evul'sion, s. a plucking out or away. 

Ewe, s. a female sheep. 

Ew'er, s. a vessel in which water is brought 
for washing the hands ; a water jug. 

Exa"cerbate, v. to embitter ; to exasperate. 

Exacerba'tion, s. increase of malignity or 
irritation ; the height of a disease. 

Exacerva'tion, s. the act of heaping up. 

Exact', a. nice, accurate, precise, methodical ; 
v. to demand of ; to force or extort from. 

Exac'tion, s. extortion ; a severe tribute. 

Exac'titude, s. exactness ; nicety. 

Exactly, ad. accurately, nicely, fitly. 

Exact'ness, s. acourateness, regularity. 

Exaggerate, v. to heap up ; to heighten, to 
aggravate, to enlarge or amplify. 

Exaggcra'tion, s. the act of heaping up ; 
amplification ; aggravation. 

Exalt', v. to lift up ; to extol, to magnify. 

Exalta'tion, s. the act of raising up. 

Exalt'edness, s. state of dignity or greatness. 

Exa'men, s. an inquiry or examination. 

Examina'tion, s. inquiry ; critical disquisi- 
tion ; a questioning ; a trial or proof. 

Examlnator, s. an examiner. 

Examine, v. to interrogate ; to scrutinize. 

Examiner, s. one who examines. 

Exam'ple, s. a pattern, model, precedent. 

Exanimate, a. dead, lifeless, spiritless. 

Ex'arch, s. a viceroy. 

Exarch'atc, Ex'archy, s. the jurisdiction or 
office of an exarch. 

Exas'perate,-^. to vex, to provoke, to enrage. 

Exaspera'tion, s. strong provocation ; irrita- 
tion ; aggravation. 

Ex'cavate, v. to cut into or make hollow. 

Excava'tion, s. a hollow formed ; a cavity. 

Ex'cavator, s. one who digs ; a miner. 

Exceed', v. to surpass, to excel, to go be- 
yond proper bounds. 

Exceeding, p. and a. surpassing ; very great. 

Exceedingly, ad. to a great degree. 

Excel', v. to surpass, to outdo ; to be eminent. 

Excellence, Excellency, s. eminency, dig- 
nity ; purity, goodness ; a title of honor. 



EXC 



90 



EXI 



Excellent, a. being of great virtue ; eminent. 

Ex'cellently, ad. in an eminent degree. 

Except', v. to leave out, to object to. 

Except', Except'ing, prep. unles3 ; -with ex- 
ception of; exclusive of. 

Excep'tion, s. an exclusion ; objection, cavil. 

Exceptionable, a. liable to objection. 

Excep'tious, a. peevish, full of objections. 

Excep'tiousness, s. disposition to cavil. 

Excep'tive, a. including an exception. 

Excep'tor, s. one who makes exceptions. 

Excerp'tion, s. the act of selecting; the thing 
selected. 

Ex'cerpt, s. a passage selected ; an extract. 

Excess', s. superfluity, intemperance. 

Excessive, a. going beyond due bounds. 

Excessively, ad. exceedingly. 

Excess 'iveness, s. the state of being excessive. 

Excha'nge, v. to give one thing for another; 
to barter ; to truck : s. the act of barter- 
ing ; the place where merchants meet ; the 
balance of money of different nations. 

Exchangeable, a. that may bo exchanged. 

Exeheq'uer, s. the court in which all causes 
relating to the revenues of the crown are 
heard and determined ; the crown trea- 
sury : v. to sue in the court of exchequer. 

Exci'sable, a. liable to the excise. 

Exci'se, s. a tax levied upon commodities. 

Ex'cise, v. to make subject to excise. 

Exci'seman, s. an inspector of excised goods. 

Excis'ion, s. a cutting off; extirpation. 

Excitabil'ity, s. capability of being excited. 

Excitation, s. the act of exciting. 

Exci'table, a. easy to be excited. 

Exci'tative, a. tending to excite. 

Exci'te, v. to rouse, to stir up. 

Exci'tement, s. that which excites ; state of 
being excited. 

Exciler, s. one who stirs up others. 

Exclaim', v. to cry out, to vociferate. 

Exclama'tion, s. clamor, outcry ; a note 
thus (!) indicating emotion. 

Exelam'ative, a. relating to exclamation. 

Exclam'atory, a. pertaining to exclamation. 

Exclaim'er, s. one that makes loud outcries. 

Exclu'de, v. to shut out; to debar; to pro- 
hibit ; to except. 

Exclu'sion, s. a rejection ; act of shutting out. 

Exclu'sionist, s. one who would debar another 
from any privilege. 

Exclu'sive, a. debarring, excepting. 

Exclusively, ad. without admission of an- 
other ; in an exclusive manner. 

Exclu'sivcness, 5. the stateof being exclusive. 

Excoct', v. to make by boiling. 

Exoo"gitate, v. to strike out by thinking ; to 
contrive. 

Excogitation, s. invention by thought. 

Excommu'nieable, a. liable or deserving to 
be excommunicated. 

Excommu'nicate, v. to eject from the com- 
munion of the church : a. excluded from 
the pale of the church. 

Excommunica'tion, s. an ecclesiastical inter- 
dict, or exclusion from the church. 

Excc'riate, v. to strip off the skin. 

Excoria'tion, s. rubbing off the skin. 

Excortiea'tion. s. a pulling off the bark. 

Ex'crement, s. ordure, dung. 

Excremen'tal, a. voided as excrement. 



Excres'cence, s. that which grows unnatur 

ally and without use out of something 

else ; a wen. 
Excres'ccnt, a. growing outof somethingelse. 
Excru'ciate, v. to torture, to torment. 
Excru'ciating,«. painful in the highest degree. 
Excul'pate, v. to clear from imputation. 
Exculpa'tion, s. the clearing from blame. 
Exculpatory, a. clearing from imputation. 
Excur'sion, .?. a digression ; ramble ; inroad. 
Excur'sive, a. rambling, deviating. 
Excu'sable, a. pardonable. 
Excu'sableness, 5. capability to be excused. 
Excu'se, v . to pardon, to remit, to extenuate : 

s. an apology, a plea, a pardon. 
Ex'ecrable, a. hateful, detestable. 
Ex'ecrably, ad. cursedly, abominably. 
Ex'ecrate, v. to curse ; to abominate. 
Execra'tion, s. a curse ; an imprecation. 
Ex'ecute, v. to carry into effect ; to perform ; 

to put to death according to the sentence 

of the law. 
Execu'tion, s. a performance ; a seizure ; 

death inflicted by forms of law. 
Execu'tioner, s. he that inflicts punishments. 
Exec'utive, a. having power to act. 
Excc'utor, s. he that is entrusted to execute 

the will of the testator. 
Executorship, s. the office of an executor. 
Exec'utrix, s. a female executor. 
Exeget'ical, a. explanatory. 
Exem'plar, s. a pattern, a copy, an example. 
Exem'plarily, ad. in an exemplary manner. 
Ex'emplary, ad. so as to deserve imitation. 
Exemplifi ca'tion,^. an illustration by example. 
Exem'plify, v. to illustrate, to copy. 
Exempt', v. to privilege, to free from : a. 

free by privilege ; not subject to. 
Exemp'tion, .?. immunity, privilege. 
Ex'equies, s. pi. funeral rites. 
Ex/ercise, v. to employ, to practise, to train : 

s. labor, practice, employment. 
Exercita'tion, s. exercise, practice, use. 
Exer'gue, s. the plain circular space just 

within the edge of a medal. 
Exert', v. to put forth ; to use with effort, to 

perform. 
Excr'tion, s. the act of exerting ; an effort. 
Exfo'liate, v. to shell off, to peel off. 
Exha'lable, a. that may be exhaled. 
Exbala'tion, s. evaporation, fume, vapor. 
Exhale, v. to send or draw out vapor. 
Exha'lement, s. matter exhaled ; a vapor. 
Exhaust', v. to draw out totally, to consume. 
Exhaustible, a. capable of being exhausted. 
Exhaus'tion, s. the act of drawing or draining. 
Exhaust'less, a. not to be emptied. 
Exhibit, v. to display or offer to view. 
Exhibi'lion, s. display ; allowance, pension. 
Exhibi'lioner, *. one who receives a pension 

or an allowance in our universities. 
Exhibitor?, a. setting forth, showing. 
Exhil'arate, v. to make cheerful. 
Exhilara'tion, s. the state of being enlivened. 
Exhort', v. to incite to any good action. 
Exhorta'tion, s. an incitement to good. 
Exhort'ative, a. containing exhortation. 
Exhort'atory, a. tending to exhort. 
Exhuraa'tion, s. a removing out of the giave. 
Exic'cate. See Exsiccate. 
Exigence, Exigency, s. demand, want. 



EXI 



91 



EXP 



Extgent, s. a pressing business : a. pressing. 

Ex'ile, v. to banish, to transport. 

Extle, s. banishment ; a person banished. 

Exi'le, a. thin, slender. 

Exist', v. to be, to have a being, to live. 

Exist'ence, Exist'ency, s. a state of being. 

Exist'ent, a. in being, possessed of existence. 

Ex'it, s. a departure, a going out ; death. 

Ex'odus, s. a journey from a place ; the se- 
cond book of Aloses, which describes the 
journey of the Israelites from Egypt. 

Exon'erate, v. to unload, to free from. 

Exoneration, s. the act of disburdening. 

Exonerative, a. freeing from any charge. 

Ex'orable, a. movable by entreaty. 

Exorbitance, s. excess, extravagance. 

Exorbitant, a. excessive, extravagant. 

Exorbitantly, ad. enormously, excessively. 

Ex'orcise, v. to cast out evil spirits. 

Exerciser, Ex'orcist, s. one who pretends by 
magic to drive away evil spirits. 

Exordium, s. introduction to a discourse. 

Exoter'ic, a. external or public, as distin- 
guished from Esoteric. 

Exot'ic, a. foreign : s. a foreign plant. 

Expand', v. to spread, to open, to dilate. 

Expan'se, s. wide smooth extension. 

Expansibility, s. capacity of extension. 

Expan'sible, a. capable of being extended. 

Expan'sion, s. act of spreading out ; extent. 

Expan'sive, a. extensive, spreading. 

Expan'siveness,s. quality of being expand e. 

Expatiate, v. to range at large, to enlarge on. 

Expa'triate, v. to banish from one's native 
country. 

Expatria'tion, s. banishment, exile. 

Expect', v. to look for, to wait for. 

Expect'ancy, s. something expected ; hope. 

Expect'ant, a. waiting in expectation : s. one 
who is expecting some benefit. 

Expecta'tion, s. the act of expecting. 

Expectora'tion, s. a discharge by coughing. 

Expec'torant, s. a medicine which promotes 
expectoration : a. promoting expectoration. 

Expec'torate, v. to eject from the breast. 

Expe'dience, Expedien'cy, s. suitable to 
an end, fitness, propriety. 

Expe'dient, a. fit, proper, convenient : s. a 
method, means to an end, a device. 

Expe'dicntly, ad. suitably ; conveniently. 

Ex'pedite, v. to facilitate, to hasten, to de- 
spatch : a. quick, active. 

Ex'peditely, ad. with quickness or despatch. 

Expedition, s. haste, speed ; a voyage for 
hostile purposes ; a warlike enterprise. 

Expeditious, a. quick, nimble, alert. 

Expeditiously, ad. quickly, nimbly. 

Expel', v. to drive out, to banish, to eject. 

Expel'lable, a. that may be driven out. 

Expend', v. to lay out, to spend, to consume. 

Expenditure, s. cost, disbursement. 

Expcn'se, s. cost, charges, money expended. 

Expen'set'ul, a. costly, expensive. 

Expen'seless, a. free from cost or charge. 

Expen'sive, a. given to expense, costly. 

Expensively, ad. with great expense. 

Expen'siveness, s. costliness, extravagance. 

Expedience, s. practice, practical knowledge : 
v. to trv, to know by practice. 

Expe'ner.ced, p. and a. skilful by experience. 

Experiment, s. trial, practical proof. 



Experimental, a. founded on experiment. 

Experimen'talist, Experimenter, s. he who 
makes experiments. 

Experimentally, ad. by experience, by trial. 

Expert/, a. skilful, ready, dexterous. 

Expert'ly, ad. skilfully, readily, dexterously. 

Expert'ness, s. skill, art, readiness. 

Ex'piable, a. that may be atoned for. 

Ex'piate, v. to atone for. 

Expia'tion, s. the act of atoning. 
j Ex'piatory, a. having the power of expiation. 

Expi'rabie, a. that may come to an end. 

Expiration, s. respiration ; an end ; death. 

Expi're, v. to breathe out; to die, to end. 

Explai'n, v. to make plain or clear. 

Explainable, a. capable of being explained. 

Explanation, J. the act of explaining ; the 
sense explained ; adjustment of a mis- 
understanding. 

Explan'atery, a. containing explanation. 

Ex'pletive, s. a word or syllable used merely 
to fill up a space : a. filling up. 

Ex'plicable, a. that may be explained. 

Explicate, v. to unfold, to explain. 

Explication, s. act of unfolding or explaining. 

Ex'plicative, a. having a tendency to explain. 

Ex'plicatory, a. tending to explain. 

Expli"cit, a. unfolded, clear, plain, distinct. 

Explicitly, ad. plainly, distinctly, clearly. 

Expli'titness, s. the state of being explicit. 

Explo'de, v. to burst with noise ; to drive out 
or reject with contemptuous noise. 

Exploit', s. a great action, an achievement. 

Explo'ratory, a. searching, examining. 

Explo're, v. to search, to examine. 

Explo'sion, s. the act of exploding; a burst- 
ing or driving out with noise. 

Explo'sive, a. having power to explode. 

Expo'nent, .?. the number that points out the 
ratio of any two or more quantities. 

Ex'port, 5. goods sent to a foreign market. 

Export', v. to send out of a country. 

Exportable, a. which may be exported. 

Exportation, s. the act of exporting. 

Export'er, s. one who exports. 

Expo'se, v. to lay open ; to put in danger. 

Exposition, s.anexplanation, interpretation. 

Expos'itive. Expos'itory, a. explanatory. 

Expos'itor, s. an explainer, an interpreter. 

Expostulate, v . to remonstrate with. 

Expostulation, 5. discussion of an affair 
without anger ; remonstrance, debate. 

Expostulatory, a. containing expostulation. 

Expo'sure, s. the act of exposing to sight. 

Expound', v. to explain, to unfold. 

Expound'cr, 5. an explainer, an interpreter. 

Express', v. to press out, to utter, to declare, 
to denote, to represent : a. in direct terms, 
plain, clear : j. a courier; a messenger 
sent specially and speedily. 

Express'ible, a. that may be expressed. 

Expres'sion, s. a phrase; mode of speech; act 
of representing any thing ; act of pressing 
or forcing out. 

Express'ive, a. expressing with force. 

Express'ively,</e?.clearly, fully, emphatically. 

Expressiveness, s. power of expression. 

Exproba'tion, s. reproachful accusation. 

Expropriation, s. the act of relinquishing 
one's property to another. 

Expu'^n, v. to tako by assault, to conquer. 



EXP 

Expul'se, v. to expel or drive out. 

Expul'sion, s. act of expelling or driving out. 

Expul'sive, a. having power to expel. 

Expun'ge, v. to blot out, to efface. 

Expunc'tion, s. the act of obliterating. 

Ex'purgate, v. to purge away, to cleanse, to 
expunge. 

Expurga'tion, s. a purging or cleansing. 

Ex'purgator, *.one who corrects byexpunging. 

Expur'gatory, a. purifying ; cleansing. 

Expur'ge, v. to purge away ; to expunge. 

Ex'quisite, a. excellent, choice, curious. 

Ex'quisitely, ad. perfectly, completely. 

Ex'quisiteness, s. nicety, perfection. 

Exsan'guious, a. destitute of blood. 

Exsic'cant, a. drying, having power to dry. 

Exsic'cate, v. to dry, to dry up. 

• Exsicca'tion, s. the act of drying up. 

Exsuda'tion, See Exudation. 

Ex'tant, a. standing out to view, in being. 

Extat'ic. See Ecstatic. 

Extem'porally, ad. without premeditation. 

Exteni'porary, Extempora'neous, a. unpre- 
meditated ; not studied. 

Extem'pore, ad. without premeditation. 

Extem'porize, v. to speak extempore. 

Extend', v. to stretch out, to widen, to enlarge. 

Extendible, a. capable of extension. 

Extensibility, s. capacity of being extended. 

Extendible, a. capable of extension. 

Exten'sile, a. capable of being extended. 

Exten'sion, s. the act of extending; the state 
of being extended ; enlargement. 

Exten'sive, a. wide, general, capacious. 

Exten'sively, ad. largely, widely. 

Exten'siveness, s. largeness, diffusiveness. 

Extent', s. space, bulk, compass. 

Exten'uate, v. to lessen, to palliate. 

Extenua'tion, s. mitigation, palliation. 

Exte'rior, a. outward : s. the outside. 

Exter'minate, v. to root out, to drive away. 

Extermina'tion, s. destruction. 

Exterminatory, a. causing destruction. 

Exter'nal, a. visible, outward. 

Exter'nally, ad. outwardly. 

Externals, s. pi. the outward parts or rites. 

Extim'ulate. See Stimulate. 

Extinct', a. extinguished, put out; dead. 

Extinction, s. the act of extinguishing ; de- 
struction, suppression. 

Extin'guish, v. to put out ; to destroy. 

Extin'guishabie, a. that may be put out. 

Extin'guisher, s. a hollow cone placed on a 
burning candle to extinguish it. 

Extinguishment, s. extinction ; suppression. 

Ex'tirpate, Extir'pate, v. to root out. 

Extirpa'tion, s. the act of rooting out ; total 
destruction. 

Extol', v. to praise, to magnify, to laud. 

Extol'ler, s. a praiscr, a magnifier. 

Extort', v. to draw from by force ; to wrest. 

Extor'tion, s. illegal exaction ; oppression. 

Extor'tioner, s. one who practises extortion. 

Ex'tra, [Lat. ] prep, beyond ; over and above. 

Extract', v. to draw out of, to select. 

Ex'tract, *. that which is extracted ; a pas- 
sage from a book ; an essence or tincture. 

Extrac'tion, s. act of drawing out ; lineage. 

Extrajudicial, a. out of the regular course of 
legal procedure. 

Extrajudicially, ad. in an illegal manner. 



92 



lET-'E 



Extramis'sion, s. an emitting outwards. 
Extramun'dane, a. beyond the limits of the 

: universe ; in the infinite void space. 
Extra'ncous, a. foreign, irrelevant. 
Extraordinarily, ad. remarkably ; in a 

manner out of the common method. 
Extiaor'dinariness, s. remarkableness. 
Extraordinary, a. beyond ordinary, eminent. 
Extraparo'chial, a. out of the parish bounds. 
Extraprofes'sional, a. not within the usual 

limits of professional duty. 
Extrav'agance, s. prodigality, irregularity. 
Extrav'agant, a. wasteful, wild, irregular. 
Extrav'agantly, ad. wildly; wastefully. 
Extrav'asated, a. forced or let out of the 

proper vessels. 
Extravasa'tion, s. the state of being forced 

out of the proper containing vessels. 
Extre'me, a. utmost, last, urgent : s. the ut- 
most point, highest degree of any thing, 

extremity, end. 
Extrc'mely, ad. in the utmost degree. 
Extremity, s. the utmost point ; necessity, 

rigor, emergency, distress. 
Ex'triuable, a. that may be extricated. 
Ex'tricate, v. to disentangle ; to clear. 
Extrica'tion, s. the act of extricating. 
Extrin'sic, a. external, outward. 
Extrin'sically, ad. from without. 
Extru'de, v. to thrust out. 
Extru'sion, 5. act of thrusting out or from. 
Extu'berance, s. a swelling or bunching out. 
Extu'berant, a. swelling ; standing out. 
Extumes'cence, s. a swelling ; a rising up. 
Exu'berance, s. overgrowth, luxuriance. 
Exu'berant, a. overabundant, luxuriant. 
Exu'berantly, ad. very abundantly. 
Exu'berate, v. to abound greatly. 
Exuda'tion, s. a sweating out, perspiration. 
Exu'de, Exu'date, v. to sweat out or discharge 

by the pores ; to discharge as from a plant 

by incisions. 
Exul'cerate, v. to cause an ulcer ; to become 

ulcerous. 
Exulcera'tion, s. the beginning of an ulcer. 
Exult', v. to leap for joy, to triumph over. 
Exult'ance, Exulta'tion, s. joy, transport. 
Exult'ant, a. rejoicing ; triumphing. 
Exunda'tion, s. overflow, abundance. 
Exus'tion, s. consumption by fire. 
Exu'viag, [Lat.] s. pi. the cast skins or shells 

of animals. 
Ey'as, *. a young hawk taken from the nest. 
Eye, s. the organ of sight ; aspect, regard. 
Eye, v. to watch, to keep in view. 
Eye'ball, s. the pupil or apple of the eye. 
Eye'bright, s. the plant euphrasy. 
Eye'brow, s. the hairy arch over the eye. 
Eye'glass, s. a glass to assist the sight. 
Eyelash, s. hair on the edge of the eyelid. 
Eyeless, a. not having eyes or sight. 
Eyelet, s. a small hole to let in light ; a 

small perforation. 
Eyelid, *. the membrane covering the eye. 
Eye'salve, .y. ointment for the eyes. 
Eye'servant, s. one who works only while 

observed. 
Eye'servico, s. service performed only und«-r 

inspection. 
Eye'shot, s. a sight, glance, transient «icw. 
Eye'sight, s. sight of the eye. 



EYE 



93 



FAL 



Eye'soTe, s. something offensive to the sight. 
Eye'tooth, s. the tooth under the eye. 
Eye'witness, s an ocular evidence. 
Eyre, s. the court of judges itinerant, so 

called from their going the circuits and 

holding assizes. 
Ey'ry, *. a place where birds of prey build ; 

the nest of an eagle or hawk. 



Fa, *. the fourth sound of the scale of music. 

Faba'ccous, a. having the nature of a bean. 

Fa'ble, s. an instructive fiction ; a falsehood: 
v. to feign, to write fiction. 

Fa'bler, *. a writer of fables or fictions. 

Fab'ric, s. a building, an edifice ; a system. 

Fab'ricate, v. to build, to frame ; to forge. 

Fabrica'tion, s. the act of fabricating ; a for- 
gpry or falsehood. 

Fabricator, s. one who fabricates. 

Fabulist, s. one -who writes fables. 

Fab'ulous. a. fullof fables ; forged or feigned. 

Fab'ulously, ad. in fiction ; fictitiously. 

Fab'ulousness, s. the state of being fabulous. 

Faca'de, [Fr.] s. the front of a large building. 

Face, 5. the visage ; front ; superficies or 
surface of any thing ; appearance ; bold- 
ness : v. to meet in front, to oppose boldly ; 
to stand opposite to; to cover with another 
or an additional surface. 

Fa'cet, s. a small face or surface, as one of 
those on a diamond. 

Face'te, a gay, cheerful, witty. 

Faee'tely, ad. wittily, merrily. 

Face'teness, s. wit ; pleasant representation. 

Face'tiffi, [Lat.] s.pi. humorous compositions. 

Face'tious, a. witty, humorous, sprightly. 

Face'tiously, ad. jocularly, wittily. 

Face'tiousness, s. gaiety, drollery. 

Fa'eial, a. pertaining to the face. 

Fa"eile, a. easy, not difficult ; pliant, flexible. 

Fa"cileness, s. easiness to be persuaded. 

Facilitate, v. to make easy. 

Facilita'tion, s. the act of making easy. 

Facil'ity, s. easiness, readiness, affability. 

Facin'orous, a. atrociously wicked. 

Fa'cing, s. an ornamental covering. 

Facsim'iie, s. an exact copy or likeness. 

Fact, s. a thing done, a deed ; reality. 

Fae'tion, s. a party or cabal ; a tumult. 

Fac'tionist, s. one who promotes faction. 

Fac'tious. a. given to faction ; turbulent. 

Fac'tiously, ad. in a factious manner. 

Fac'tiousness, s. inclination to dissension. 

Factitious, a. made by art, artificial. 

F ic'tor, s. an agent for another ; a deputy. 

Factorship, s. the business of a factor. 

Fac'tory, ,v. a manufactory ; a house or resi- 
dence of factors; a body of merchants. 

Facto'tum, s. a servant employed to do all 
kinds of work. 

Fac'ulty, s. power of body or mind ; ability, 
dexterity ; a body of professional men. 

Fac'und, a. eloquent, fluent. 

Fad'dle, v. to trifle, to toy, to play. 

Fa'de, v. to wither ; to grow weak. 

Fadge, v. to suit, to fit, to agree. 

Fa'dingness, s. liableness to decay. 

Fa'dy, a. losmg color or strength. 

F»'cal, Fe'cal, a. excremcntaT. 

Fas'ces, *. pi. excrements, dregs, dross. 



Fa'ery, a. relating to or like fairies. 

Fag, v. to grow weary, to drudge. 

Fag, Fag'end, .y. the worst end of a thing. 

Fagot, s. a bundle of wood bound together 
for fuel ; a person hired to appear at the 
muster of a company : v. to tie up. 

Fail, v. to be deficient; to become a bank- 
rupt ; to desert ; to omit, to neglect ; to • 
decay. 

Failing, s. a minor fault, a lapse. 

Fail'ure, J. defeat ; a becoming insolvent. 

Fain, a. glad ; rejoiced : ad. gladly. 

Faint, a. weak, cowardly: v. to swoon. 

Faintheart'ed, a. cowardly, timorous. 

Faintheart'edly, ad. in a cowardly manner. 

Faintheartedness, s. cowardice. 

Faint'ing, a. growing faint, sinking. 

Faintlsh, a. rather faint or low. 

Faint'ly, ad. languidly, feebly. 

Faint'ness, s. feebleness, dejection. 

Faints, s. pi. the weaker portion or last ' 
runnings of distilled spirits. 

Fair, a. beautiful ; clear ; favorable ; just : 
ad. frankly ; justly; gently, civilly : *. the 
female sex ; a stated market. 

Fairing, s. a present given at a fair. 

Fairish, a. reasonably or moderately fair. 

Fairly, ad. honestly, plainly, beautifully. 

Fair'ness, s. honesty ; clearness ; beauty. 

Fairspo'ken, a. bland and civil in language. 

Fai'ry, s. an enchantress, an elf, a fay: a. 
given by or belonging to fairies. 

Fai'ryland. J. ideal residence of fairies. 

Fai'rylike, a. after the manner of fairies. 

Fai'rystone, s. a kind of fossil stone. 

Faith, s. belief, confidence, fidelity. 

Faith'ful, a. firm to the truth, sincere. 

Faith'fully, ad. sincerely, honestly. 

Faith'fulness, s. honesty, veracity, loyalty 

Faithless, a. unbelieving ; perfidious. 

Faithlessness, s. treachery; perfidy. 

Fa'kir, s. a Mahometan religious itinerant. 

Fal'cated, a. hooked, bent like a sickle. 

Falea'tion, s. a regular bending. 

Fal'chion, s. a kind of short crooked sword. 

Fal'eiform, a. in the shape of a sickle. 

Fal'con, s. a small hawk trained for sport. 

Fal'coner, s. one who trains falcons. 

Fal'conet, s. a small piece of ordnance. 

Fal'conry, j. the art of training hawks. 

Fald'stool, s. a kind of stool placed at the 
south side of the altar, at whicl the kings 
of England kneel at their coronat ion. 

Fall, v. to drop clown ; to decrease ; to happen : 
s. the act of falling ; ruin, downfal. 

Fallacious, a. producing mistake ; sophisti- 
cal, deceitful, false. 

Falla'ciousness, s. tendency to deceive. 

Fallacy, s. a sophism, a deceitful argument. 

Fallibility, s. liableness to be deceived. 

Fallible, a. liable to error, frail. 

Falling-sickness, s. the epilepsy. 

Falling-star, s. a meteorite; an aerolite. 

Fallow, v. to plough without sowing : a. un- 
cultivated, neglected : s. ground lying at 
Test. 

Fal'lowness, s. a fallow state; barrenness. 

False, a. not true, not just ; deceitful, 

Falseheart'ed, a. treacherous. 

Falscheart'edness, s. deceitfulness. 

Falsehood, s. a lie, an untruth. 



FAL 

Fal'sely, ad. not truly, erroneously. 

Fal'seness, s. duplicity; deceit; perfidy. 

Falset'to. [ltai.] *. in music, a feigned voice. 

Falsification, s. the act of making any thing 
appear what it is not ; confutation. 

Fal'sifier, s. one who makes any thing to 
seem what it is not ; a liar. 

Fal'sify, V. to make or prove false. 

Fal'sity, s. contrariety to truth. 

Fal'ter, v. to hesitate in speech. 

Fal'tcring, p. and a. stammering. 

Fal'teringly, ad. with hesitation. 

Fame, s. honor, renown, rumour : v. to 
make famous ; to report. 

Fa'med, a. renowned, celebrated. 

Fa'meless, a. not famed, obscure. 

Famil'iar, a. domestic, affable, unceremo- 
nious ; common : s. an intimate ; a demon. 

Familiar'ity, s. intimate correspondence, 
easy intercottrse, acquaintance. 

Famil'iarize, v. to make familiar. 

Famil'iaxly, ad. unceremoniously, easily. 

Fam'ily, s. a household ; race ; a class. 

Fam'ine, s. scarcity of food, dearth. 

Fam'ish, v. to starve, to die of hunger. 

Fa'mous, a. renowned, celebrated. 

Fa'mously, ad. renowned! y, with celebrity. 

Fa'ruousness, s. celebrity ; great fame. 

Fan, s. an instrument made of silk, paper, 
&c. used by ladies to cool themselves ; a 
machine to winnow coru : v. to winnow 
corn ; to cool by a fan. 

Fanat'ic, *. an enthusiast, a visionary. 

Fanat'ic, Fanat'ical, a. enthusiastic. 

Fanat'ieally, ad. in a wild enthusiastic way. 

Fanaticism, 5. a religious frenzy, enthusi- 
asm ; wildncss of conduct. 

Fan'ciful, a. imaginative, whimsical. 

Fan'cifully, ad. capriciously, imaginarily. 

Fan'eiiulness, s. addition to the pleasures of 
imagination ; unsteadiness of purpose. 

Fan'cy, *. imagination, thought ; taste ; ca- 
price, frolic ; inclination, idle scheme : v. 
to imagine; to like. 

Fan'cy-free, a. free from the power of love. 

Fandan'go, s. a Spanish dance. 

Fane, s. a temple ; a weathercock. 

Fan 'fare, [Fr.] s. a flourish of trumpets. 

Fan'faron, .? a bully, a blusterer. 

Fanfurona'de, s. bluster; swaggering. 

Fang, s a long tusk ; a claw or talon. 

Fang, v. to seize, to gripe. 

Fan'gle, 5. a silly attempt, a trifling scheme. 

Fan'gled, a. vainly fond of novelty. 

Fang'less, a. toothless ; having no fangs. 

Fan'ion, s. a small banner or ensign. 

Fan'light, s. a window generally in the form 
of an open fan. 

Fan'nel, s. a sort of scarf worn about the left 
arm of a priest when ho officiates. 

Fan'ner, s. one who fans. 

Fanta'sia, s. a kind of air in which all the 
freedom of fancy may be allowed. 

Fan'tasied, a. filled with wild imaginations. 

Fantastic, Fantas'tieal, a. irrational, ima- 
ginary, capricious, whimsical. 

Fantas'tieally, ad. capriciously; whimsically. 

Fantas'ticalness, s. caprice ; unsteadiness. 

Fan'tasy, s. imagination, humor. 

Fa'quir, s. See Fakir. 

Far, a. distant, remote ; ad. to great extent. 



94 FAS 

Farce, s. a ludicrous dramatic representa- 
tion : v. to stuff. Sec- Forced. 

Far'cical, a. relating to a farce ; droll. 

Far'cy, s . the leprosy of horses. 

Far'del, s. a bundle ; a little pack : v. to 
make up in bundles. 

Fare, s. provisions ; hire of carriages, &c. 

Fare, v. to go, to travel ; to happen to any 
one well or ill ; to feed, to eat. 

Fa'rewell, ad. the parting compliment, adieu: 
J. the act of departure : a. leave-taking. 

Far'-famed, s. widely celebrated. 

Far'fetehed, a. brought from places distant ; 
elaborately strained; unnatural. 

Fari'na, s. the pollen or fine dust in the 
anthers of plants ; flour. 

Farina'ceous, a. mealy, tasting like meal. 

Farm, s. land occupied by a farmer : v. to 
let out to tenants at a certain rent ; to 
cultivate land. 

Farm'able, a. capable of cultivation. 

Farm'er, s. one who cultivates a farm. 

Farm 'house, s. the residence of a farmer. 

Farm'ing, .?. the cultivation of land. 

Fa/most, a. most distant, most remote. 

Farm'yard, s. an enclosure surrounded by 
barns and other farm-buildings. 

Fa'ro, s. a game at cards. 

Farra"ginous, a. formed confusedly of dif- 
ferent ingredients. 

Farra'go, s. a medley; a confused mass. 

Far'rier, s. a horse-doctor ; a shoer of horses. 

Far'riery, s. the business of a furrier. 

Far'row, s. a litter of pigs : v. to bring forth 
pigs. 

Far'thcr, a. more remote, longer. 

Far'thost, ad. at or to the greatest distance. 

Far'thing, 5. the fourth part of a penny. 

Far'thingale, s. a hoop or hoops to spread 
the petticoat. 

Fas'ces, s. a bundle of rods with an axe, an- 
ciently carried before the Roman consuls. 

Fas'cia, s. a fillet; a bandage; a range of 
stone work to divide a building, 

Fascia'tion, s. a bandage, a tying up. 

Fas'cicle, s. a little bunch of flowers. 

Fascie'ulous, s. a little bundle ; a nosegay ; a 
part or regular division of a book. 

Fas'cinate, v. to bewitch, to enchant ; to 
charm, to captivate. 

Fascina'tion, s. enchantment, witchcraft ; 
inexplicable influence. 

Fas'cine, s. a fagot or bavin. 

Fash'ion, s. make, form ; manner or mode ; 
custom ; general practice ; high society. 

Fash'ion, v. to form, fit, mould, shape. 

Fash'ionable, a. approved by custom, modish. 

Fash'ionablencss, s. modish elegance. 

Fash'ionably, ad. conformably to fashion. 

Fash'ioner, s. a maker of any thing. 

Fash'ion-mongor, s. one who studies fashions. 

Fast, a. firm, strong, fixed, sound : ad. 
firmly, immovably. 

Fast, v. to abstain from food. 

Fast, s. an abstinence from food; religious 
humiliation. 

Fast'-day, s. a day on which fasting is ob- 
served ; a day set apart for a public fast. 

Fast'en, v. to make fist, or firm ; to cement. 

Fast'cner, s. one that makes fast or firm. 

Fast'ening, s. that which fastens. 



FAS 



95 



FEE 



Fast'er, 5. one who abstains from food. 

Fastid'ious, a. disdainful, squeamish, oyer 
nice, difficult to please. 

Fastid'iously, ad. disdainfully, squeamishly. 

Fastidiousness, s. disdain ; squeamishness. 

Fasting, s. the abstaining from food. 

Fast'ness, s. firmness ; a stronghold or place. 

Fas'tuous, a. proud, haughty. 

Fat, a. plump, fleshy, gross; rich : s. an oily 
concrete substance in animals ; the best or 
richest part of any thing : v. to make fat, 
to fatten, to grow fat. 

Fa'tal, a. deadly, mortal, inevitable. 

Fa'talism, s. the doctrine of necessity. 

Fa'talist, s. one who maintains that all 
things happen by inevitable necessity. 

Fatal'ity, ,s. predestination ; a decree of fate ; 
. an inevitable misfortune. 

Pa'tally, ad. by fate ; necessarily ; mortally. 

Fate, s. destiny ; death ; cause of death. 

Fa'ted, a. decreed by fate ; predetermined. 

Fa'teful, a. bearing fatal power. 

Fa'ther, s. the male parent ; one who acts 
with paternal care ; an ancestor ; one who 
has given origin to anything; one of the 
early ecclesiastical writers ; a title of the 
Creator. 

Father, v. to adopt as one's own. 

Fa'therhood, s. the state of a father. 

Fa'ther-in-law, .« the father of one's husband 
or wife. 

Fa'ther-land, s. the land of our ancestors. 

Fa'therless, a. having no father ; destitute. 

Fa'ther! iness, s. parental kindness. 

Fa'ther] y, a. paternal, tender, careful. 

Fath'om, s. a measure of six feet. 

Fa'thom, v. to penetrate into ; to sound. 

Fath'oinless, a. bottomless ; impenetrable. 

Fatid'ical, a. having power to fortel. 

Fatiferous, a. deadly, mortal. 

Fat'igate, v. to weary : a. fatigued. 

Fatigue, s. weariness, labor, lassitude. 

Fati'gue, v. to tire, to weary. 

Fat'ling, s. a young animal fattened for 
slaughter. 

Fat'ncss, s. plumpness, unctuousness. 

Fat'ten, v. to make fleshy, to grow fat. 

Fat'tineas, s. grossness ; fulness of flesh. 

Fat'tish, a. inclining to fatness. 

Fat'ty, a. unctuous ; greasy. 

Fatu'ity, s. foolishness, weakness of mind. 

Fat'uous, a. stupid, weak ; silly. 

Fat'witted, a. dull, stupid. 

Fau'cot, s. a small pipe for a barrel. 

Faugh ! an interjection of abhorrence. 

Faul'chion. See Fal'chion. 

Fau'lt, s. an offence, a slight crime ; a defect. 

Fault'iinder, 5. a censurer, an objector. 

Fault'ful, a. full of crime. 

Fau.lt/ily, ad. not rightly, blamably. 

Fault'iness, s. badness, defect. 

Fault'less, a. free from fault, perfect. 

Fault'lessness, s. state of being perfect. 

Fault'y, a. guilty of a fault, wrong, bad. 

Faun, s. a rural deity, a kind of satyr. 

Favil'lous, a. consisting of ashes. 

Fa'vor, v. to regard with kindness, to coun- 
tenance ; to assist. 

Fa'vor, s. kindness, support, advantage, 
lenity ; a knot of ribbons, worn as a token 
of favor from a lady. 



Fa'vorable, a. kind, propitious, tender. 

Fa'vorablencss, s. kindness ; benignity. 

Fa'vorably, ad. kindly, with favor. 

Fa'vored, p. and a. featured well or ill ; re- 
garded with kindness or partiality. 

Fa'vorer, s. one who favors. 

Fa'vcrite, s. a person or thing beloved : a. 
beloved ; regarded with favor. 

Favoritism, s. the act of favoring ; partiality. 

Fa'vorless, a. not regarded with favor. 

Fawn, v. to hatter, to cringe. 

Fawn, s. a young deer. 

Fawn'er, s. one that fawns; one that pays 
servile courtship. 

Fawn'ing, p. and a. cringing, flattering : s. 
the act of servilely flattering. 

Fawn'ingly, ad. in a cringing servile way. 

Fay, s. a fairy, an elf; faith. 

Fe'alty, s. homage, loyalty, submission. 

Fear, s. dread, terror, anxiety, awe : v. to 
dread, to be afraid of, to be anxious. 

Fear'ful, a. timorous, afraid ; terrible. 
! Fear'fully, ad. timorously, terribly; in fear. 

Fearl'ulness, s. timorousness, dread ; awe. 

Fearless, a. free from fear, intrepid. 

Fearlessly, ad. without terror ; intrepidly. 

Fearlessness, s. exemption from fear. 

Feasibility, 5. the practicability of a thing. 

Fea'sible, a. practicable, that may be done. 

Fea'sibleness, s. practicability. 

Fea'sibly, ad. in a feasible manner. 

Feast, s. a festival, a sumptuous treat. 

Feast, v. to entertain sumptuously ; to pam- 
per, to delight. 

Feast'er, s. one that fares deliciously. 

Feast'ful, a. festive, joyful, luxurious. 

Feasting, s. an entertainment ; a treat. 

Feast'-rite, s. a custom observed at feasts. 

Feat, s. a deed ; an exploit ; a trick or sleight. 

Feat, a. quick, ready, neat. 

Feath'er, s. the plume of birds; an ornament. 

Feath/er, v. to dress or fit with feathers. 

Feath'er-bed, s. a bed stuffed with feathers. 

Feath'ercd, a. clothed with feathers. 

Feath'er-edge, s. the edge of aboard made thin 

Feath'er-edged, a. made thin at the edge. 

Feath'erless, a. destitute of feathers, naked. 

Feath'ery, a. clothed with feathers. 

Featly, ad. neatly, nimbly, readily. 

Feat'ness, s. neatness, nicety, dexterity. 

Fea'ture, s. the cast or make of the face ; a 
lineament; a characteristic. 

Feat'ured, a. having features good or bad. 

Febrif'ic, a. tending to produce fever. 

Feb'rifuge, j. a medicine to cure fevers. 

Fe'brile, a. relating or belonging to a fever. 

Feb'ruary, s. the second month of the year. 

Fec'ulence, s. muddiness, lees, dregs. 

Fec'ulent, a. dreggy, foul, excrementitious. 

Fe'cund, a. fruitful, prolific, rich. 

Fecunda'tion, s. the act of making fruitful. 

Fec'undate, Fecun'dify, v. to make fruitful. 

Fecun'dity, s. fertility, fruitfulness. 

Fed'ary, s. See Federary. 

Fed'eral, a. relating to a league or contract. 

Federalist, s. a friend to federal government. 

Fed'erary, s. a confederate, an accomplice. 

Fed'eratc, a. joined in confederacy. 

Federa'tion, s. a league ; a compact. 

Fed'erative, a. havingpowerto makealeague. 

Fee, v. to reward ; to pay ; to bribe ; to hire. 



EEE 



26 



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Pee, s. a reward, recompense; lands, &c. 

held by any acknowledgment of superiority 

to a higher lord. 
Fee'ble, a. weak, sickly, debilitated. 
Fee'ble-minded, a. defective in resolution. 
Fee'bleness, s. weakness, infirmity. 
Fee'bly, ad. weakly ; without strength. 
Feed, v. to supply with food ; to take food : 

s. food, pasture. 
Feed'er, s. one who gives or eats food. 
Feed'ing, s. pasture ; the act of taking food. 
Fee'-farm, s. a tenure of estates by rent. 
Feel, v. to perceive by the touch ; to be af- 
fected by ; to try ; to experience : s. the 

sense of feeling, the touch. 
Feel'er, s. one that feels; the horns of insects. 
Feel'ing, *-. sensibility, tenderness, percep- 
tion ; the sense of touch : a. possessing 

great sensibility. 
Feel'ingly, ad. with great sensibility. 
Fee-simple, s. the highest tenure by which 

a person can hold a freehold estate. 
Fee'-tail, s. an entailed estate. 
Feet'less, a. having no feet. 
Feign, v . to invent, to dissemble, to pretend. 
Feign'ed, p. and a. dissembled, pretended. 
Feign'edly, ad. in fiction ; not truly. 
Feign'edness, s. fiction, pretence, deceit. 
Feign'er, s. the contriver of a fiction. 
Feign'ing, s. a false appearance ; a pretence. 
Feint, s. a false appearance, a mock assault. 
Feli'citate, v. to congratulate ; to make 

happy : a. made happy. 
Felicita'tion, s. congratulation. 
Feli"citous, a. happy; prosperous. 
Feli"eitously, ad. happily. 
Felf'city, s. happiness, prosperity. 
Fe'line, a. like or pertaining to a cat. 
Fell, a. cruelj barbarous, inhuman. 
Fell, v. to knock down, to cut down. 
Fell, s. the skin or hide of a beast. 
Fel'ler, «. one that hews down. 
Fell'monger, s. a dealer in hides or skins. 
Fell'ness, s. cruelty, savageness, fierceness. 
Fel'loe, Fel'ly, s. the rim or circumference 

of a wheel. 
Fel'low, s. an associate, an equal ; a mean 

person : v. to pair with ; to suit or match. 
Fellow-feel'ing, s. sympathy ; joint interest. 
Fellowship, s. companionship, society, 

equality ; establishment in a college. 
Fel'ly, ad. cruelly, barbarously. 
Felo-de-se, [Fr.] s. a self murderer, a suicide. 
Fel'on, s. one guilty of a capital crime : a. 

cruel, malignant. 
Felo'nious, a. wicked, villanous, malign. 
Felo'niously, ad. in a felonious manner. 
Fel'ony, s. a capital offence or crime. 
Fel'spar, s. a silicious mineral. 
Felt, s. stuff used in making hats; a skin: 

v. to unite without weaving. 
Felt'er, V . to clot together like felt. 
Feluc'ca, s. a small open boat with six oars, 

and a helm that may be shifted to either 

end. 
Fe'male, s. a woman; one of the sex that 

brings forth young : a. belonging to the 

female kind ; effeminate. 
Fe'me-covert, s. (in law) a married woman. 
Fe'me-sole, s. (in law) an unmarried woman. 
Feminal'ity, s. female nature. 



Fem'inine, a. belonging to a woman ; tended 

Fem'oral, a. belonging to the thigh. 

Fen, s. a marsh, a moor, low moist ground. 

Fen'berry, s. a kind of blackberry. 

Fence, s. a guard ; skill in defence ; an en- 
closure : v. to enclose, to bedge in ; to 
fight with the small-sword or foil. 

Fen'ceful, a. affording defence. 

Fen'celess, a. without enclosure ; open. 

Fen'cer, s. one who practises fencing. 

Fen'cible, a. capable of defeuee. 

Fen'cing, s. the art of defence by weapons. 

Fenc'ing-master, s. one who teaches the 
science of defence, or the use of weapons. 

Fenc'ing-school, s. a place in which the art 
of fencing is taught. 

Fend, v. to keep off, to shut out ; to dispute. 

Fen'der, s. a fence to keep in cinders, 

Fenera'tion, s. the gain of money by usury. 

Fenes'tral, a. belonging to windows. 

Fen'fowl, s. any fowl that frequents fens. 

Fen'nel, s. a plant of strong scent. 

Fen'ny, a. marshy, boggy. 

Fe'odal, a. held from another ; feudal. 

Feodal'ity, s. the possession of or seigniory 
over divers fiefs ; feudal tenure. 

Fe'odary, s. one who holds an estate under 
tenure of service, &c. to a superior lord. 

Feod'atary, s. a tenant who holds his estate 
by feudal service. 

Feod'atory, a. holding by tenure. 

Feoff, v. to put in possession, to invest. 

Feoffee', s. one put in possession. 

Feoff' er, s. one who gives possession. 

Feoffment, s, the act of granting possession. 

Fera'cious, a. fertile, fruitful. 

Fera"city, s. fruitfulness, fertility. 

Fe'ral, a. funereal, mournful. 

Fer'etory, s. a place for a bier. 

Fe'rial, a. pertaining to holidays ; pertaining 
to the week days. 

Feria'tion, s. the act of keeping holiday. 

Fe'rine, a. wild, savage, fierce, barbarous. 

Fe'rineness, Fer'ity, s. barbarity, wildness. 

Ferment', v. to excite intestine motion ; to 
effervesce : s. that which causes fermenta- 
tion ; intestine motion ; tumult ; yeast. 

Ferment'able, a. capable of fermentation. 

Fermenta'tion, s. an internal motion of the 
small particles of a mixed body. 

Fermen'tative, a. causing fermentation. 

Fern, s. a plant growing on heaths, &c. 

Fern'y, a. overgrown with fern. 

Fero'cious, a. savage, fierce, rapacious. 

Fero'ciously, ad. in a savage manner. 

Fero'ciousness, s. fierceness ; savageness. 

Fero"city, 5. fierceness, cruelty, wildness. 

Fer'reous, a. made of iron or containing iron. 

Fer'ret, s. a small animal of the weasel kind : 
v. to hunt or drive out of lurking places. 

Fer'ret, s. a kind of tape. 

Ferriferous, a. producing or yielding iron. 

Fer'rilite, s: a kind of iron stone. 

Ferru'ginated, a. resembling the rust of iron. 

Ferru'ginous, a. partaking of iron. 

Fer'rule, s. an iron ring at the end of a stick. 

Fer'ry, s. a boat for passage ; the passage 
over which the boat passes : v . to convey or 
carry over in a boat. 

Fer'ry-boat, s. a boat for conveying passen- 
gers across rivers, creeks, &c. 



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Fer'ryman, s. one who keeps or rows a ferry. 
Fer'tile, a. fruitful, abundant, plenteous. 

Fer'tilencss, s. fruitfulness ; fecundity. 

Fertility, s. abundance, fruitfulness. 

Fer'tilize, v. to make fertile. 

Fer'ula, Fcr'ule, s. an instrument for punish- 
ing young scholars on the hand. 

Fer'vency, s. ardour, eagerness, zeal. 

Fer'vent, a. hot, vehement, ardent, zealous. 

Fer'vcntly, ad. ardently, eagerly. 

Ferves'eent, a. growing hot. 

Fer'vid, a. hot, burning ; vehement. 

Fervid'ity, s. heat, zeal, passion, ardour. 

Fer'vidly, ad. with glowing warmth. 

FerMdness, J. ardour of mind, zeal; passion. 

Fer'vor, s. heat of mind, zeal, warmth. 

Fes'cennine, a. licentious ; wanton. 

Fes'cue, s. a wire to point out letters to 
children learning to read. 

Fes'se-point, s. the centre of an escutcheon. 

Fes'tal, a. pertaining to a feast ; joyous. 

Fes'ter, v. to corrupt, to rankle. 

Fes'tival, 5. a day of civil or religious joy: 
n. pertaining to feasts ; joyous. 

Fes'tive, a. pertaining to feasts ; joyous, gay. 

Festiv'ity, s. a festival ; a time of rejoicing. 

Festoon', s. an ornament of flowers in the 
form of a wreath. 

Fes'tucino, a. of a straw color. 

Fes'tucous, a. formed of straw. 

Fetch, v. to go and bring a thing, to draw, 
to reach ; to obtain as its price : s. a strata- 
gem, an artifice, a trick. 

Fetch'er, s. one that fetches any thing. 

Fet'ich, Fet'ish, s. an idol worshiped by 
certain of the African negroes. 

Fet'icism, s. the worship of any idol or in- 
animate thing, as practised by negroes. 

Fet'ixl, a. stinking, having an offensive smell. 

Fet idness, s. the quality of stinking. 

Fet'lock, *. a tuft of hair that grows behind 
a horse's pastern, from the ankle joint. 

Fe'tor, s. a strong offensive smell. 

Fet'tir, j. a chain for the feet ; v. to shackle, 
to enchain, to bind. 

Fet'tcrless, a. free from restraint. 

Fe'tus, Fce'tus, s. any animal in embryo. 

Feud, s. a quarrel, contention, opposition. 

Feud, s. a right to land on condition of mili- 
tary service. 

Feu'dal, a. dependent, held by tenure. 

Feudalism, s. the feudal system. 

Feudality, s. the state of a' chief lord. 

Feu'dary, a. holding tenure under a superior. 

Feu'datory, a. one "who holds of a lord or 
chief: a. held conditionally of a superior. 

Feu de joie, [Fr.] s. a firing of guns on any 
joyful occasion. 

Feu'ille-morte, [Fr.] s. the color of a faded 
leaf, a yellowish-brown color. 

Fe'ver, s. a disease characterized by quick 
pulse, increased heat, and great thirst ; v. 
to put into a fever. 

Fe'verfew, s. a plant of febrifuge qualities. 

Fe'verish, Fe'verous, a. troubled with a 
fever, tending to a fever ; hot, burning. 

Fe'vciishness, s. a slight disorder of the 
feverish kind ; mental restlessness. 

Fewel. See Fuel. 

Few, a. a small number, not many. 

Few'ness, s. smallness of number, brevity. 



Fi'at. s. an order, a decree. 

Fib, s. a falsehood : v. to tell lies, to lie. 

Fib'ber, s. a teller of lies. 

Fi'bre, J. a small thread or string. 

Fi'bril, s. a very small fibre or thread. 

Fi'brous, a. composed of fibres. 

Fib'ula, s. the outer and smaller bone of the 

leg, much less than the tibia. 
Ftc'kle, a. changeable, inconstant, unsteady. 
Fic'klcness, s. inconstancy, unsteadiness. 
Fi'co, [Ital.] s. a snap of the fingers in con- 
tempt, signifying " A fig for you!" 
Fio'tile, a. moulded into form. 
Fic'tion, s. a story invented ; a falsehood. 
Ficticious, a. imaginary ; false, counterfeit, 

not real, not true ; allegorical. 
Fictitiously, ad. falsely ; counterfeitly. 
Ficti"tiousness, s. feigned representation. 
Fic'tive, a. feigned, imaginary. 
Fid'dle, s. a musical instrument, a violin. 
Fid'dle, v. to play upon the fiddle ; to trifle. 
Fid'dler, s. one who plays on the fiddle. 
Fid'dlestick, s. the stick or bow of a fiddle. 
Fid'dlestring, s. the string of a fiddle. 
Fid'dling, s. the act of playing on a fiddle. 
Fidel'ity, s. faithfulness ; loyalty ; honesty. 
Fidg'et, *. restlessness : v. to be restless. 
Fidg'ety, a, restless, impatient. 
Fidu'cial, a. confident, undoubting. 
Fidu'cially, a. undoubtingly, confidently. 
Fidu'ciary, s. one who holds in trust : a. 

confident, steady, undoubting. 
Fief, s. a manor ; possession held by tenure 

of a superior. 
Field, s. a piece of land enclosed for tillage 

or pasture ; the place of battle ; a wide ex- 
tent ; a space. 
Field'book, j. a book used by surveyors. 
Field'fare, s. a bird ; a kind of thrush. 
Field'-marshal, s. the commander of an 

army; the officer of highest military rank. 
Field'mouse, s. a mouse that lives in the 

fields. 
Ficld'-oflicer, j. a military officer above the 

rank of a captain. 
Field'piece, s. a small cannon used in battle. 
Field'-preacher, s. an itinerant preacher who 

harangues in the open air. 
Ficld'-sports, s. pi. diversions of the field, 

such as hunting and shooting. 
Fiend, s. an infernal being ; an enemy. 
Ficnd'like, a. resembling a fiend ; rery 

wicked. 
Fierce, a. ferocious, savage, violent. 
Ficr'cely, ad. violently, furiously. 
Fier'ceness, s. ferocity, fury, violence. 
Fi'eriness, J. hot qualities ; heat ; ardour. 
Fi'ery, a. consisting of fire ; passionate, hot. 
Fife, s. a small pipe blown to the drum. 
Fi'fer, $. one who plays on a fife. 
Fiftce'n, a. five and ten added. 
Fifteo'nth, a. the ordinal of fifteen. 
Fifth, a. the ordinal of five; next to the 

fourth. 
Fifth'ly, ad. in the fifth place. 
Fiftieth, a. the ordinal of fifty. 
Fifty, a- five multiplied by ten. 
Fig, s. the fruit of the fig-tree. 
Fig'-tree, s. a tree that bears figs. 
Fight, v. to contend in battle, to combat. 
Fight, e . a battle, an engagement, a duel. 



FIG 



FIE 



Fight'cr, s. a warrior, a duellist. 
Fighting, a. qualified for war: s. conten- 
tion, quarrel, combat. 
Fig'ment, s. a fiction, an invention. 
Figurabil'ity, s. capability of figure. 
Fig'urable, a. capable of being formed. 
Fig'ural, a. represented by delineation. 
Fig'uratc, a. of a certain determinate form. 
Figuration, s. determination to a certain 

figure or form. 
Figurative, a. typical, metaphorical. 
Fig'uratively, ad. by a figure, not literally. 
Fig'ure, v. to form into any shape. 
Fig'ure, s. shape, external form ; eminence ; 

an image ; a character denoting a number. 
Fig'ured, a. adorned with figures. 
Fila'eeous, a. consisting of threads. 
Filacer, s. an officer in the Common Pleas. 
Fil'ament, s. a slender thread ; a fibre. 
Fiiamen'tous, a. like slender threads. 
Fil'bert, 5. a fine hazel nut with a thin shell. 
Filch, v. to steal, to pilfer. 
Filch'er, s. a petty thief, a pilferer. 
File, s. a steel tool to polish iron, &c. with; 

a wire for papers ; a line of soldiers : v. to 

string upon a thread ; to march in file. . 
Fi'le-cutter, s. a maker of files 
Fi'ler, s. one who files metals. 
Filial, a. pertaining to or beseeming a son. 
Filia'tion, s. the relation of a son to a father; 

the fixing or establishing the paternity of 

an illegitimate child. 
Fii'iform, a. of the form of threads ; of equal 

thickness throughout. 
Fiilgrane, Filigree- work, s. work curiously 

wrought in the manner of little threads or 

grains, usually in gold and silver. 
Fi'iings, s. pi. particles rubbed off by a file. 
Fill, v. to make full, to satisfy, to glut. 
Fill, s. fulness ; as much as will satisfy. 
Fil'libeg, s. the pouch worn in front of a 

Highlander's kilt. 
Fil'Jet, s. a little band tied round the head ; 

a bandage ; the fleshy part of the thigh of 

veal ; a small ornament or moulding. 
Fil'let, v. to bind with a bandage or fillet. 
Fil'lip, s.sx jerk of the finger from the thumb: 

v. to jerk or strike with the nail of the finger. 
Fil'ly, s. a young mare ; a female colt. 
Film, s. a thin pellicle or skin : v. to cover 

with a thin pellicle or membrane. 
Fiimlness, s. the state of being filmy. 
Film'}', a. composed of thin membranes. 
Fil'ter, v. to strain, to percolate : s. a twist 

of thread to draw off liquor ; a strainer. 
Filth, j. dirt, nastiness ; grossness, pollution. 
Filth'ily, ad. nastily, foully, grossly. 
Filthlness, s. dirtiness; impurity. 
Filth'y, a. dirty, nasty ; gross, obscene. 
Fil'trate, v. to strain, to filter, to percolate. 
Filtra'tion, s. the act or process of filtering. 
Fim'briate, v. to fringe. 

Fin, j. the wing of a fish by which he swims. 
Fi'nable, a. that which may be fined. 
Fi'nal, a. ultimate, conclusive ; mortal. 
Fina'le, [It.] s. the close, the end ; the closing 

performance of an opera or concert. 
Fi'nally, ad. ultimately, completely, lastly. 
Finan'ce, s. revenue, income, profit. 
Finan'ces, s. pi. public funds ; resources. 
Financial, a. respecting finance. 



Financier', s. an officer who superintends the 

state finances or public revenue. 
Finch, s. a small bird, of which we have 

three kinds, the goldfinch, chaffinch, and 

bullfinch. 
Find, v. to discover, to detect ; to meet with. 
Fi'nder, s. one that picks up any thing lost. 
Fi'ndfault, s. a censurer ; one who cavils. 
Fine, a. not coarse ; pure, thin, clear; ele- 
gant : v. to refine or purify. 
Fine, s. a pecuniary forfeit, penalty, mulct: 

v. to inflict a penalty. 
Fi'nedravv. v. to sew up a rent with so much 

nicety that it is not perceived. 
Fi'ncdrawing, s. the dexterous or neat sewing 

of rents. 
Fi'nely, ad. beautifully; elegantly; well. 
Fi'nelesa, a. boundless, endless. 
Fineness, s. elegance, beauty, show; purity; 

delicacy. 
Fi'ner, s. one who purifies metaJs. 
Fi'nery, s. show, gaiety in attire, splendor. 
Fi'ne-spoken, a. using a number of tine or 

holiday phrases. 
Fi'nc-spun, a. ingeniously contrived. 
Finess'e, [Fr.] s. an artifice, a stratagem. 
Finess'c, v. to use artifice or stratagem. 
Fin'-footed, a. having feet with membranes 

between the toes ; web-footcd. 
Fin'ger, s. a part of the hand : v. to touch 

lightly ; to pilfer. 
Fin'gerboard, s. the board at the neck of a 

fiddle, where the fingers act on the strings. 
f in'gercd, a. having fingers. 
Fin'gering, s. the act of touching lightly; 

the manner of touching or playing upon 

a musical instrument. 
Fin'ical, a. nice, foppish, affected, conceited. 
Fin'icalness, s. extreme nicety ; foppery. 
Fin'ically, ad. foppishly, too nicely. 
Fi'ning-pot, s. a pot for refining metals. 
Fi'nis, *. the end, the conclusion. 
Fin'ish, v. to end, to perfect, to complete: 

s. the last touch, the last polish. 
Fin'isher, s. one who completes or perfects. 
Fi'nite, a. limited, bounded, terminated ; 

created ; opposed to infinite. 
Fi'nitcless, a. unbounded; unlimited. 
Finitely, ad. within certain limits. 
Fi'nitencss, Fin'itude, s. limitation, confine- 
ment within boundaries. 
Fin'lcs.s, a. destitute of fins. 
Fin'iike, a. formed in imitation of fins. 
Fin 'ny, Fin'ncd, a. furnished with fi^s. 
Fir, s. a kind of tree, the tree of which deal 

boards are made. 
Fin;, 5. the igneous element; flame, light, 
lustre ; ardour, spirit ; v. to set on fire ; to 

discharge fire-arms. 
Fi're-arms, s. guns, muskets, &c. 
Fi'reball, s. a ball filled with combustibles. 
Fi'reblast, s. a disease in hops. 
Fi'rebrand, s. a piece of wood kindled ; an 

incendiary ; one who inflames factions. 
Fi'rebrush, s. the brush to sweep the hearth. 
Fi'rebucket, s. a bucket used by firemen. 
Fi'recock, s. a cock or spout whence water 

is obtained to extinguish fires. 
Fi'redrake, s. a fiery serpent or meteor. 
File-engine, s. a machine for throwing a 
stream of water on a fire. 



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Fi're-cscape, s. a machine for escaping from 

windows when houses are on fire. 
Fi'refly, s. a species of fly which emits light 

from under its wings. 
FAre'hook, s. a hook used for pulling down 

buildings when they are on fire. 
Fi'relock, s. a soldier's gun, a musket. 
Fi'reman, s. one who is employed to extin- 
guish burning houses. 
Fi're-ofrice, s. an office of insurance from fire. 
Fi'rcpan, s. pan for holding fire. 
Fireplace, s. the lower parts of a chimney ; 

a hearth. 
Fi'replug, s. a stopple placed over a cock in 

the streets, to get at water in cases of fire. 
Fjfreship, ft. a ship filled with combustibles 

to fire the vessels of the enemy. 
Fi'rcshovel, s. the iron shovel with which 

coals are thrown up. 
Firesi'de, s. the hearth ; the chimney ; home. 
Fi'restick, s. a lighted stick or brand. 
Fi'rest'vne, s. a metallic fossil ; the pyrite. 
Fi'rewood, *. w-ood to burn ; fuel. 
Fi'reworks, ,v. pi. pyrotechnical exhibitions. 
Fi'ring, s. fuel, something used for the fire. 
Fi'ring-iron.s.an instrument used by farriers. 
Firk, v. to whip, to beat. 
Fir'kin, s. a vessel containing nine gallons. 
Firm, a. fixed, compact, solid, strong. 
Firm. s. the name or names under which the 

busincssof any trading house is carried on. 
Fir'niament, s. the sky, the heavens. 
Firmarnen'tal, a. celestial, belonging to the 

firmament; ethereal. 
Firman, s. a written declaration from an 

Asiatic ruler granting certain privileges. 
Fir'mitudo, a-, stability ; firmness. 
Firmly, ad. steadily, with firmness ; strongly. 
Firm'ness, s. steadiness, stability, solidity. 
First, a. oiliest in time; chief, primary. 
First-begot'ten, a. first produced ; eldest. 
First'bom, a. eldest : s. the eldest child. 
First'fi nits, *. the first produce of any thing ; 

the earliest effects. 
First'ling, s. the first produce or offspring. 
First'rate, n. pre-eminent, superior. 
Fise, s. a state or public treasury. 
Fis'cal, s. the exchequer, the revenue: a. 

belonging to the public revenue. 
Fish, s. an animal existing only in water. 
Fish, v. to catch fish ; to sift, to catch by art. 
Fish'cr, Fish'erman, s. one whose employ- 
ment is to catch fish. 
Fish'cry, s. the waters where fish are caught. 
Fish'-hook, 5. a hook to catch fish with. 
Fish'ir.g, s. the practice of catching fish. 
Fish'kettle, s. a vessel for boiling fish in. 
Fish'like, a. resembling fish. 
Fish'market, s. a place for the sale offish. 
Fish'monger, s. ore who sells or deals in fish. 
Fish'pond, s. a small pool for fish. 
Fish 'room, s. a room in a ship between the 

after-hold and the spirit-room. 
Fish'spear, s. a spear for stabbing fish. 
Fish'wife, Fish'woman, s. a woman that cries 

or sells fish. 
Fish'y, a. consisting of or like fish. 
Fis'sile, a. capable of being cloven. 
Fissil'ity, s. the quality of being fissile. 
Fis'sure, s. a cleft, an opening, a small chasm ; 
v. to make a fissure, to cleave. 



Fist, s. the hand clenched or closed : v. to 

strike with the hand clenched. 
Fisticuffs, s. a battle with the fists. 
Fis'tula, s. a sinuous ulcer callous within. 
Fis'tular, a. hollow, like a pipe. 
Fis'tulate, v. to turn or grow to a fistula ; to 

make hollow, like a pipe. 
Fistulous, a. pertaining to a fistula. 
Fit, s. a sudden and violent attack of a dis- 
temper, a convulsion, a paroxysm, a tem- 
porary affection ; an interval ; the parts or 
divisions of a song or poem. 
Fit, a. qualified, proper, convenient, meet. 
Fit, v. to suit, to accommodate, to adapt. 
Fitoh, s. a small kind of wild pea ; a vetch. 
Fitch' et, Fitch'ew, s. a polecat, a foumart. 
Fit'ful, a. varied by paroxysms. 
Fit'ly, ad. aptly, properly, suitably. 
Fit'ness, s. propriety, convenience, mectness. 
Fit'ter, s. he who makes fit, or adapts. 
Fit'tiugly, ad. suitably, fitly, properly. 
Fitz, s. a son (only used in the composition 
of surnames for illegitimate children), as 
Fitzroy, son of the king. 
Five, a. four and one ; the half of ten. 
Five 'barred, a. having five bars. 
Fi'vefold, a. five times as much. 
Fives, s. a kind of game with a hall. 
Fix, v. to make fast, to settle, to rest. 
Fix'able, a. that may be fixed. 
Fixa'tion, *. the act of fixing; stability. 
Fix'edly, ad. certainly, firmly, steadfastly. 
Fix'edness, s. the state of being fixed. 
Fix'ity, s. coherence of parts ; stability. 
Fix'ture, s. any piece of furniture fixed to & 

house, as grates, shelves, &c. 
Fix'ure, s. position, firmness, pressure. 
Fiz'gig, s. a kind of harpoon to strike fish. 
Fiz, Fiz'zle, v. to make a hissing sound. 
Flab'biness, s. limbcrness, softness. 
Flar/by, a. soft, not firm, limber, not stiff. 
Flac'cid, a. weak, limber, not stiff, not tense. 
Fiaccid'ity, s. laxity, limberness. 
Flag, v. to grow dejected, to droop. 
Flag, s. a military or naval ensign ; a water 

plant ; a fiat stone for paving. 
Fla"gellant, s. one who whips. 
Fla'gellate, v. to whip or scourge. 
Flagella'tion, s. the act of scourging ; a 

severe whipping. 
Fla"geolot, s. a small flute, a musical pipe. 
Flaggy, a. weak, limber, not tense; insipid. 
Flagi''tious, a. wicked, atrocious, vile. 
Flagi"tiously, ad. wickedly, atrociously. 
Flagi"tiousness, s. wickedness, villany. 
Fl&g' officer, s. the commander of a squadron 

or part of a fleet of ships. 
Flag'on, s. a drinking vessel of two quarts. 
Fla'grancy, Fla'grance, s. burning heat ; a 

glaring offence ; enormity. 
Fla'grant, a. burning ; glaring, notorious. 
Fla'grantly, ad. ardently ; notoriously. 
Flagra'tion, s. a burning, a conflagration. 
Flag'ship, s. the admiral's ship. 
Flag'staff, s. the staff on which a flag is fixed. 
Flag'stone, s. a flat stone for pavement. 
Flail, s. an instrument to thresh corn with. 
Flake, s. any thing that appears loosely put 

together ; a stratum, a layer, a lamina. 
Flake, v. to form in flakes or bodies loosely 
connected ; to break into laminae. 
F 2 



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Fla'ky, a. 'lying in layers or strata. 

Flam, s. a falsehood, a lie ; a pretext. 

Flam'beau, J. a lighted torch. 

Flame, s. light emitted from fire ; fire ; the 
passion of love ; brightness of fancy. 

Flame, v. to shine as fire, to blaze. 

Fla'meless, a. void of flame ; without incense. 

Fla'rnen, s. a priest of ancient Rome. 

Fla'ming, p. and a. blazing, burning ; bril- 
liant, gaudy. 

Fla'mingly, ad. radiantly, most brightly. 

Flamin'go, s. a bird so named from its flame- 
like color. 

Flammabil'ity, *. an aptness to take fire. 

Flam'mable, a. easily kindled into a flame. 

Flamma'tion, s. the act of setting on flame. 

Flam'meous, a. consisting of or like flame. 

Fla'my, a. inflamed, burning, flaming. 

Flank, s. the side ; part of a bastion ; that 
part of the side of a quadruped which lies 
between the ribs and the thigh. 

Flank, v. to attack the side of an army or 
fleet ; to border, to touch. 

Flank'er, s. a fortification commanding the 
side of an assailing body. 

Flank'er, v. to defend by flankers. 

Flan'nel, s. a soft nappy stuff made of wool. 

Flap, s. any thing that hangs broad and loose ; 
a blow with the hand ; a disease in horses. 

Flap, v. to beat with a flap ; to ply the wings 
with a flapping noise. 

Flap'dragon, s. a game in which raisins are 
snatched out of burning brandy and extin- 
guished by a flap of the mouth in swallow- 
ing them. 

Flap'eared, a. having broad and loose ears. 

Flap'per, s. a fan or flap for wind. 

Flare, v . to give a glaring unsteady light. 

Fla'ring, a. fluttering, glittering, showy. 

Flash, s. a sudden blaze ; a sudden burst. 

Flash, v. to glitter with a sudden flame. 

Fla?h'ily, ad. with empty show. 

Flash'iness, s. glittering, but empty show. 

Flash'y, a. showy, gay, empty, insipid. 

Flask, s. a kind of bottle ; a powder-horn. 

Flask'ot, s. a large basket ; a kind of tray. 

Flat, s. a level ; a plain ; a shallow ; a mark 
of depression in music. 

Flat, a., smooth, level ; depressed ; down- 
right, peremptory. 

Flat-bot'tomed, a. having a flat bottom. 

Flat'ly, ad. in a flat manner ; peremptorily. 

Flat'ness, s. evenness ; insipidity, dulness. 

Flat'ten, v. to make flat or level ; to depress. 

Flat'tcr, v. to praise falsely ; to raise false 
hopes ; to sooth, to delight. 

Flat'terer, s. a wheedler, a fawner. 

Flat'teringly, ad. in a flattering manner. 

Flat'tery, s. false praise, adulation. 

Flat'tish, a. somewhat flat, dull. 

Flat'ulence, Flat'ulency, J. windincss, vanity. 

Flat'uicnt, Flat'uous, a. windy, empty, vain. 

Flatuos'ity, s. windiness ; fulness of air. 

Fla'tus, s. a puff of wind, a breath. 

Flat'wise, ad. with the flat part downwards. 

Flaunt, v. to make a fluttering show in ap- 
parel ; to give one's self airs. 

Flaunt, *. any thing loose and airy. 

Fla'vor, s. taste, relish, odor : v. to give 
taste cr odor. 

Fla'vored, a. affecting the taste or smell. 



Fia'vorless, a. of no smell or taste. 

Fla'vorous, a. fragrant, odorous, palatable. 

Flaw, s. a crack, a defect : v. to damage. 

Flaw'less, a. not having any defects. 

Flaw'y, a. full of flaws ; broken, defective. 

Flax, s. the fibrous plant of which the finest 
thread is made. 

Flax'dresscr, s. he who prepares flax. 

Flax'en, a. of the color of or like flax ; fair, 

Flax'y, a. composed of or containing flax. 

Flay, v. to strip off the skin. 

Flay'er, s. he that strips off the skin. 

Flea, j. a small insect remarkable for leaping. 

Flea'bite, s. a red mark caused by fleas. 

Flea'bitten, a. stung by fleas ; mean. 

Fleam, s. an instrument used to bleed cattle. 

Flec'tion. See Flex'ion. 

Fledge, v. to supply with feathers or wings. 

Flee, v . to run from danger or for shelter. 

Fleece, s. the wool from one sheep. 

Fleece, v. to strip or plunder a person. 

Flce'cer, s. one who strips or plunders. 

Flee'cy, a. woolly, covered with wool. 

Fleer, ». to mock, to jest with contempt. 

Fleer, s. a derisive look, mockery. 

Fleer'cr, s. a mocker, a derider. 

Fleet, a. swift of pace, nimble, active. 

Fleet, s. a company of ships, a navy. 

Fleet, v. to fly swiftly ; to vanish ; to skim. 

Fleet'ing, /j.anda. passing away continually. 

Fleet'ly, ad. with swift pace, nimbly. 

Fleet'ness, *. swiftness, celerity, velocity. 

Flesh, s. the muscular part of the body ; hu- 
man nature ; carnal appetite. 

Flesh'brush, *. a brush to rub the flesh with. 

Flesh'color, s. the color of flesh. 

Flesh'ed, Flesh'y, a. full of flesh, plump. 

Flesh'fly, s. a fly that feeds upon flesh. 

Flesh'in'ess, s. fulness of flesh, plumpness. 

Flesh'less, a. meagre, without flesh. 

Flesh'liness, s . carnal passions or appetites. 

Flesh'ly, a. carnal, not spiritual. 

Flesh'meat, s. animal food, flesh of animals. 

Flesh'monger, s. one who deals in flesh. 

Flesh'pot, s. a vessel in which flesh is cooked. 

Fletch, v. to feather an arrow. 

Fletch'er, s. a maker of bows and arrows. 

Fletz, Floetz, s. a term used by geologists to 
denote certain formations of rocks. 

Fleur-de-lis, [Fr.] s. a bulbous iris. 

Flew, s. the large chaps of a hound. 

Flexed, a. chapped, deep-mouthed. 

Flexibility, *. pliancy, ductility, facility. 

Flex'ible, Flex'ile, a. pliant, manageabJe. 

Flcx'ibleness, s. pliancy ; ductility. 

Flex'ion, s. the act of bending; ajoint,aturn. 

Flcx'or, [Lat.] s. the general name given to 
the contracting muscles. 

Flex'uous, a. winding, variable, not straight. 

Flex'ure, s. the part bent, the joint. 

Flick'er, v. to move, as the wings without 
flTing, to flutter. 

Flick'ering, s. fluttering ; unsteady motion. 

Flick'ermouse, s. a bat. 

Fli'er, s. part of a jack ; a regulating wheel. 

Flight, s. the act of flying or running away; 
a flock of birds ; an excursion of fancy ; the 
stairs from one landing-place to another. 

Fli^ht'iness, J. irregularity of conduct. 

Flight'y, a. fleeting, wild, imaginary. 

Fliin'flam, 5. a freak, a whim, a trick. 



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Flini'siness, s. easy texture, looseness. 

Flim'sy, a. weak, slight, spiritless ; mean. 

Flinch, v. to shrink or withdraw from. 

Flinch'er, s. he who shrinks or fails. 

Fling, v. to throw, dart, scatter, flounce. 

Fling, s. a throw ; a contemptuous remark. 

Fiing'er, *. he who throws, he who jeers. 

Flint, s. a hard kind of stone. 

Flintheart'cd, a. hard-hearted, cruel. 

Flint'y, a. made of flint ; inexorable, cruel. 

Flip, s. a drink made of beer, spirits, and 
sugar. 

Flip'pancy, s. pertness, talkativeness. 

Flip'pant, a. pert, talkative, loquacious. 

Flip'pantly, ad. in a flippant manner. 

Flip'pantness, «. fluency of speech; flippancy. 

Flirt, v. to throw with a jerk ; to move sud- 
denly, as a fan ; to be unsteady or flutter- 
ing ; to jeer or mock ; to coquet : s. a 
sudden jerk ; a jeer, a coquette. 

Flirta'tion, s. sprightly motion, coquetry. 

Flit, v. to fly away, to flutter, to remove. 

Flitch, s. the side of a hog salted and cured. 

Flit'tiness, s. unsteadiness, lightness. 

Flit'ting, s. a removal; changing one's abode. 

Float, v. to swim on the surface of water ; to 
move lightly as on the surface of a fluid. 

Float, *. the cork or quill of an angler's line ; 
large pieces of timber fastened together to 
convey goods with the stream. 

Float'age, s. that which floats on the water. 

Float'er, s. he that floats or sails. 

Float'stone, s. a gray porous mineral. 

Float'y, a. buoyant, swimming on the surface. 

Floc'culent, a. adhering in locks or flocks. 

Flock, s. company of birds, sheep, &c. ; 
wool prepared for stuffing beds, <&c. 

Flock, v. to assemble in crowds. 

Flock'bcd, s. a bed filled with locks of wool. 

Floe, s. a large sheet of floating ice. 

Flog, v. to lash or scourge, to chastise. 

Flog'ging, s. a whipping for punishment. 

Flood, s. an inundation, a deluge ; influx of 
the tide ; a body of water; the sea. 

Fiood, v. to deluge, to inundate. 

Flood'gate, s. a gate to stop or let out water. 

Flook. See Fluke. 

Floor, s. that part of a room on whicli we 
walk ; a story or level suite of rooms. 

Floor, v. to cover with a floor. 

Flooring, s. that which is laid at the bottom. 

Flo'ra, s. the goddess of flowers ; a catalogue 
or account of flowers or plants. 

Flo'ra], a. relating to Flora or to flowers. 

Flores'cence, s. the season when plants flower. 

Flo'rct, s. a small imperfect flower. 

Flor'iagc, s. bloom, blossom. 

Flor'id, a. covered with flowers ; flushed 
with red ; highly embellished. 

Flor'idly, ad. in a showy and imposing way. 

Florldness, Florid'ity, s. freshness of color. 

Floriferous, a. productive of flowers. 

Florifica'tion, s. the act or time of flowering. 

Flor'in, *. a coin first made at Florence. 
Flor'ist, s. one who cultivates flowers. 
Florlilent, a. flowery, blossoming. 
FWcule, s. (in botany) a partial or less floret 

of an aggregate flower. 
Fios'culons, a. composed of flowers. 
Fioas, s. a downy substance on some plants. 
Flo&s'y, a. downy ; covered with a silky nap. 



Flo'ta, s. a fleet of Spanish merchant ships. 

Flotil'la, 5. a fleet of small vessels. 

Flot'son, (in law) s. goods found floating. 

Flounce, v. to plunge in the water; to move 
away from suddenly and with anger. 

Flounce, s. a loose full trimming sewed to a 
woman's apparel : v. to deck with flounces. 

Fiou'nder, v. to struggle with violent and ir- 
regular motion ; to plunge in water. 

Fiou'nder, s. a small flat river fish. 

Flour, s. the fine part of ground wheat. 

Flour, v. to sprinkle with flour. 

Flour'ish, v. to thrive a,s a healthy plant ; to 
be prosperous ; to brandish ; to brag or 
boast ; to embellish. 

Flour'ish, s. display ; ostentatious embellish- 
ment ; a short musical overture. 

Flour'isher, s. one who flourishes. 

Flour'ishingly, ad. ostentatiously, vigorously. 

Flout, v. to mock ; to insult ; to sneer at. 

Flout'er, s. a mocker, he that flouts. 

Flout'ingly, ad. with flouting ; insultingly. 

Flow, v. to run as water, to overflow : s. the 
rise of water opposed to the ebb ; a sudden 
abundance. 

Flow'er, s. the blossom of a plant ; the best, 
finest, or most valuable part of any thing, 
the prime of life : v. to be in flower, U 
blossom. 

Flower-de-luce. See Fleur-de-lis. 

Flow'eret, s. a small flower. 

Flow'ering, s. the state of blossoming. 

Flow'erless, a. having no flower. 

FJow'ery, a. full of or adorned with flowers. 

Fio'wing, s. the rise of the water ; the flow. 

Flo'wingly, ad. copiously ; volubly. 

Flo'wingness, s. smoothness of diction. 

Flue'tuant, a. wavering, uncertain. 

Fluc'tuate, v. to waver ; to be irresolute. 

Fluctua'tion, s. alternate motion of the 
water ; unsteadiness. 

Flue, *. soft down or fur; pipe of a chimney. 

Flu'ency, s. volubility, copiousness of speech. 

Flu'ent, a. eloquent, flowing ; liquid. 

Flu'ently, ad. flowingly, volubly ; copiously. 

Flu'id, s* any thing that flows ; a liquid : a. 
running water, not solid. 

Fluid'ity, s. the quality of flowing easily. 

Fluke, s. a flounder or flat fish ; the broad 
part or arm of an anchor. 

Flum'mery, s. a kind of food made of wheat- 
flour or oatmeal ; flattery. 

Flu'or, s. a fluid state ; fluate of lime. 

Fluoric, a. pertaining to fluor. 

Flu'orine, *. the basis of fluoric acid. 

Flur'ry, s. flutter of spirits ; a hasty blast 
of wind : v. to keep in agitation, to alarm. 

Flush, v. to flow suddenly ; to redden, to 
glow ; to elate or elevate : s. a sudden 
flow ; abundance ; a run of cards of the 
same suit. 

Flush, a. fresh, full of vigor, abounding. 

Flushing, s. the color which rises on the face, 
neck, &c, by a sudden afflux of blood. 

Flus'ter, s. hurry, agitation : v. to hurry ; to 
be in a bustle. 

Flute, s. a musical pipe ; a channel or furrow 
cut in columns or pillars. 

Flute, v. to cut channels in columns. 

Flu'ted,rt. having channels cut on the surface-. 

Flu'ting, s. fluted work on a pillar, &c- 



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Flu'tist, s. a performer on a flute. 

Flut'ter, t/.to fly with agitation of the wings : 

s. hurry, tumult ; disorder of mind. 
Fluttering, s. tumult of mind ; agitation. 
Flu'vial, a. belonging or relating to rivers. 
Flux, s. the tide or flowing of the sea; a 

dysentery ; confluence ; concourse. 
Fluxa'tion, s. the act of passing away. 
Fluxibillty, s. aptness to flow or spread. 
Flux'ible, a. not durable, changing. 
Fluxillty, s. capability of liquefaction. 
Fluxion, s. the act of flowing ; the matter 

that flows : Fluxions, pi. the analysis of 

infinitely small variable quantities. 
Fkix'ionary, a. pertaining to mathematical 

fluxions. 
Fluxlve, a. flowing, wanting solidity. 
Fly, v. to move with wings ; to run away, to 

shun; to spring suddenly ; break, shiver: 

s. a winged insect ; balance of a jack; a 

sort of carriage for hire. 
Fly'blow, v. to fill with maggots: tf.afly'segg. 
Fly'boat, s. a light vessel for sailing. 
Fly'iish, v. to angle with a fly upon a hook. 
Fly'flap, s. a fan or flapper to keep flies off. 
Fly'ing-bridge, s. a bridge of boats. 
Flying-fish, s. a fish of the gurnard kind. 
Foal, v. to bring forth a foal : s. the young of 

a mare or ass. 
Foam, v. to froth, to be violently agitated : s. 

froth, spume. 
Foam'y, a. covered with foam, frothy. 
Fob, s. a small pocket for a watch, &c. : v. 

to trick, to cheat, to defraud. 
Fo'cal, a. belonging to a focus. 
Fo'cil, s. the bone between the knee and 

ankle, or the elbow and wrist. 
Fo'cus, s. a point where rays of light meet ; 

a point of convergence. 
Fod'der, s. dry food for cattle : v. to feed. 
Fod'derer, s. he who fodders cattle. 
Foe, s. an enemy, a persecutor, an opponent. 
Fo'elike, a. like an enemy. 
Foe'man, s. an enemy in war ; antagonist. 
Fce'tal, a. pertaining to a foetus. 
Fce'tus, Fe'tus, s. a child in embryo. 
Fog, s. thick mist ; moist vapor. 
Fog'gy, a. misty, cloudy, dark, dull. 
Foh ! int. a term expressive of abhorrence. 
Foi'ble, s. a weakness, a failing : a. weak. 
Foil, v. to defeat ; to put to the worst : *'. a 

defeat ; a blunt sword used in fencing ; a 

thin leaf of metal, (as gold-leaf, tin-foil) ; 

something of another color placed near a 

jewel to increase its lustre ; any thing 

which serves to set off something else. 
Foil'er, s. one who foils. 
Foil'ing, s. among hunters, the mark, barely 

visible, where deer have passed over grass. 
Foin, v. to thrust, to push : s. a thrust. 
Foi'son, s. plenty, abundance. 
Foist, v. to insert by forgery, to cram in. 
Foist'er, s. he who inserts without authority. 
Fold, s. a pen for sheep ; a double or plait : 

v. to double up ; to enclose, to shut. 
Fo'lder, s. one who, or that which folds. 
Fo'lding, s. a fold ; a doubling. 
Folia'ceous, a. consisting of leaves. 
Foliage, s. the leaves or tufts of trees. 
Fo'liaged, a. furnished with foliage. 
Foliate, a. leaved, or having leaves. 



Foliate, v. to beat into leaves. 

Folia'tion, s. the act of beating into thin 

leaves ; the leafing of plants 
Fo'liature, s. the state of being beaten into 

foil, or thin leaves. 
Fo'lier, s. goldsmith's foil. 
Fo'lio, s. a large book, of which the pages are 

formed by sheets of paper once doubled. 
Fo'lious, a. leafy, thin, unsubstantial. 
Folk, s. people, nations, mankind. 
Fo'lk-land, s. copyhold land. 
Fo'lk-raote, s. a meeting of people. 
Follicle, s. a cavity in any body with strong 

coats ; the seed vessel. 
Follow, v. to go after, to attend, to obey. 
Follower, s. an attendant, a dependent. 
Following, a. succeeding ; next after. 
Folly, s. foolishness, simplicity, weakness. 
Foment', v. to cherish with heat ; to bathe 

with lotions ; to encourage, to abet. 
Fomentation, s. the act of fomenting ; a 

lotion ; excitation, encouragement. 
Foment'er, s. an encourager, a supporter. 
Fond, a. tender ; indiscreet, foolish, silly. 
Fon'dle, v. to caress, to be fond of. 
Fondler, s. one who fondles. 
Fond'ling, 5. one much caressed or doted on. 
Fond'ly, ad. with extreme tenderness. 
Fond'ness, s. foolishness, tender passion. 
Font, s. a baptismal basin ; a complete set 

of printing types of one size. 
Font'al, a. pertaining to a fount or source. 
Fon'tanel, s. a little font or issue, a place of 

discharge. 
Fontan'ge, s. a knot or ornament of ribands 

on the top of the head-dress. 
Food, s. victuals ; any thing that nourishes. 
Foodless, a. not affording food ; barren. 
Fool, s. a natural, an idiot ; a buffoon : v. to 

trifle, toy, deceive, disappoint. 
Fool'born, a. foolish from the birth. 
Fool'ery, s. habitual folly; an act of folly. 
Fool'happy, a. lucky without contrivance. 
Foolhar'diness, s. courage without sense. 
Fool'hardy, a. madly adventurous, daring. 
Foolish, a. weak of intellect, imprudent. 
Foolishly, ad. weakly, without sense. 
Foolishness, s. silliness, want of reason. 
Fools'cap, s. a certain size of paper. 
Fool'trap, s. a trap to catch fools. 
Foot, s. that on which any animal or thing 

stands ; the base ; a measure of twelve 

inches ; a measure in poetry : v. to dance, 

to walk, to tread ; to spurn. 
Foot'band, *. a band of infantry. 
Foot'boy, s. a menial, an attendant in livery. 
Foot'bridge, s. a narrow bridge for foot 

passengers. 
Foot'ed, a. shaped to the foot. 
Foot'fall, s. a stumble, a trip of the foot. 
Foot'guards, s. pi. guards of infantry. 
Foot'ing, s. ground for the foot ; support ; 

foundation, basis; tread, dance; entrance, 

condition. 
Foot'man, 5. a servant who attends on foot. 
Foot'pace, s. a slow pace, as in walking. 
Foot'pad, ,?. a highwayman that robs on foot. 
Foot'path, s. a narrow way for passengers. 
Footsol'dier, s. a soldier that serves on foot. 
Foot'stalk, (in botany) s. the stem of a leaf. 
Foot'stall, s. a woman's stirrup. 



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Foot'step, s. a trace, track, mark of a foot. 
Foot'stool, s. a stool to put the feet on. 
Fop, s. a vain fellow, a simpleton. 
Fop'ling, s. a young or petty fop. 
Fop'pery, s. folly, affectation of show. 
Fop'pish, a. affected, foolish, idle, vain. 
Fop'pishly, ad. in a trifling or affected manner. 
Fop'pishness, s. over nicety, vain affectation. 
For, prep, because of, with regard to. 
For'age, s. provisions in general. 
For'age, v. to wander in search of provisions ; 

to ravage, to plunder. 
For'aging, a. collecting provisions. 
For'ager, s one who goes in search of spoil. 
Foram'inous, a. full of holes ; porous. 
Forasmuch', con. whereas, because, since. 
Forbear 7 , v. to pause, to abstain, to intermit. 
Forbear'ance, s. lenity ; command of temper. 
Forbid', v. to prohibit, to interdict, to oppose. 
Forbid'dance, s. a prohibition, denial. 
Forbid'denly, ad. in an unlawful manner. 
Forbid'denness, s. state of being forbidden. 
Forbid'der, s. he who forbids. 
Forbid'ding, p. and a. repulsive ; causing 

aversion ; of disagreeable aspect. 
Force, s. strength, violence ; an armament. 
Force, v. to compel, to urge ; to violate ; to 

farce or stuff, whence " forced-meat," a 

kind of stuffing in cookery, 
Fo'rced, a. affected, unnatural. 
Fo'rcedne3S, s. state of being forced. 
Fo'rceful, a. violent, strong, impetuous. 
Fo'rcefully, ad. violently, impetuously. 
Fo'rceless, a. having little force; feeble. 
For'ceps, s. a surgical instrument. 
Fo'rcer, s. that which forces or constrains. 
Fo'rcible, a. strong, impetuous, powerful. 
Fo'rcibleness, s. force, violence. 
Fo'rcibly, ad. powerfully, impetuously. 
Fo'rcing, s. the raising plants by artifi cial heat. 
For'cipated, a. formed like a pair of pincers. 
Ford, s. a shallow part of a river : v. to pass 

a river without swimming. 
Ford'able, a. passable without swimming. 
Fore, a. anterior : ad. before. 
Foreadmon'ish, v. to counsel beforehand. 
Foreadvi'se, v. to counsel early. 
Forearm', v. to provide for attack beforehand. 
Forebo'de, v. to foretel, to prognosticate. 
Forebo'dement, Forebo'ding, s. presage. 
Forebo'der, s. a prognosticator ; a soothsayer. 
Forebo'ding, s. a prognostication. 
Fo'rebrace, s. a rope at the yard-arm. 
Forecast', v. to scheme, contrive, foresee. 
Fo'recast, s. contrivance, antecedent policy. 
Fo'rccastle, s. the foredeck of a ship. 
Forecho'sen, a. pre-elected ; chosen before. 
Foreclo'se, v. to shut up, to preclude. 
Foreclosure, s. a deprivation of the power of 

redeeming a mortgage. 
Foreda'te, v. to date before the true time. 
Fo'redeck, s. the anterior part of a ship. 
Foredeter'minc, v. to decree beforehand. 
Foredoom', v. to doom beforehand ; to pre- 
destinate. 
Foredoor', s. a door in front of a house. 
Fore-end', s. the end that precedes. 
Fo'rofather, s. an ancestor. 
Forehn'ger, s. the fingeT next to the thumb. 
Forefoot', s. the anterior foot of a quadruped. 
Fo'rofront, s . the foremost part. 



Fo'regame, s. the first game, first plan. 
Forego', v. to resign ; to give up. 
Foregon'e, a. past, by-gone, settled. 
Fo'reground, s. that part of a picture 

seems to ] ie before the figures. 
Fo'rehand, s. the part of a horse which is 

before the rider : a. done too soon. 
Fo'rehanded, a. early, timely ; formed in the 

fore parts. 
For'ehead, s. the upper part of the face. 
Forehe'ar, v. to be informed before. 
Fo'reholding, s. a foreboding, a prediction. 
For'eign, a. not domestic ; alien ; extraneous 

not to the purpose. 
Foreigner, s. one of another country. 
For'eignness, s. the want of relation to. 
Fore-ima"gine, v. to conceive before proof. 
Forejudge, v. to judge beforehand. 
Forejudg'ment, s. judgment formed before- 
hand. 
Foreknow', v. to know previously. 
Foreknow'able, a. that may be foreknown. 
Foreknowledge, s. prescience ; knowledge 

of that which has not yet happened. 
Fo'reland, s. a promontory, headland, cape. 
Forelay', v. to lay wait for, to entrap. 
Fo'relook, *. the hair on the forehead. 
Forelook', v. to see beforehand. 
Fo'reman, s. the first or chief person. 
Fo'remast, s. the first or head mast of a ship 
Foremen'tioned, a. mentioned before. 
Foremeant', a. intended beforehand. 
Fo'remost, a. first in place, first in dignity. 
Fo'renamed, a. nominated before. 
Fo'renoon, s. the time before mid-day. 
Foren'sic, a. belonging to courts of justice. 
Foreordain', v. to ordain beforehand. 
Fo'repart, s. the anterior part. 
Fo'rerank, s. the first rank, the front. 
Forerun'ner, s. a harbinger, one sent before ; 

a prognostic, a prelude. 
Fo'resail, s. the sail of the foremast. 
Foresay', v to predict, to prophesy. 
Foresay'ing, s. a prediction. 
Foresee', v. to see beforehand, to foreknow. 
Foreshad'ow, v. to typify beforehand. 
Foreshor'ten, v. to shorten figures in drawing. 
Foreshortening, s. act of shortening in front. 
Foreshow', v. to show beforehand. 
Fore'shrouds, s. shrouds of the foremast. 
Fo'reside, s. the front side; a specious outside. 
Fo'resight, s. foreknowledge ; penetration. 
Forespe'ak, v. to foresay ; to forbid. 
Forespent', a. wasted, tired, spent. 
For'est, s. a wild uncultivated tract ot 

ground, covered with wood. 
Forestal', v. to buy up goods or cattle before 

they come to market, in order to sell them 

at an advanced price ; to anticipate. 
Forestall'er, s. one who forestals the market. 
For'ester, s. a keeper of a forest. 
Foretack'le, s. the tackle on the foremast. 
Foreta'ste, v . to anticipate ; to taste before. 
Fo'retaste, s. a taste before ; anticipation. 
Foreteach', v. to teach beforehand. 
Foretel', v. to utter, to prophesy, to predict. 
Foretel'ler, s. one who foretels. 
Foretelling, s. declaration of a future event, 
Forethink', v. to anticipate in the mind. 
Fo'rethought, s. prescience ; anticipation , 

provident care, caution. 



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FOB 



Foreto'ken, v. to foreshow : *. an omen. 
Foretooth', s. one of the front teeth. 
Fo'retop, s. the top of the foremast ; the form 

of a wig or head-dress. 
ForeVer, ad. at all times ; to eternity. 
Forewarn', v. to admonish heforehand, to 

caution against. 
Forewarning, s. previous admonition. 
Forfeit, s. a penalty for an offence ; a fine : 

v. to lose by some offence : a. liable to 

penal seizure. 
Forfeitable, a. subject to forfeiture. 
Forfeiture, s. the act of forfeiting ; a fine. 
Forfend', v. to prevent, to forbid. 
For'fex, s. a pair of scissors. 
Forge, s. a fire or place in which metals aro 

made malleable ; a furnace. 
Forge, v. to form or beat into shape by the 

hammer ; to counterfeit, to falsify. 
Fo'rger, s. one who counterfeits any thing. 
Fo'rgery, s. the crime of falsification. 
Forget', v, to lose memory of, to neglect. 
Forget'ful, a. inattentive, apt to forget. 
Forget'fulness, s. loss of memory ; neglect. 
Forget'ter, s. one that forgets. 
Forgive, v. to pardon, to remit, to excuse. 
Forgiveness, s. the act of forgiving ; pardon. 
ForgiVer, s. one who pardons another. 
Forgiving, a. disposed to forgive ; merciful. 
Forin'secal, a. foreign ; alien. 
Fork, s. an instrument with two or more 

prongs for domestic uses, &c. 
Fork, v. to shoot into blades or branches. 
Fork'ed, Fork'y, a. opening into two or more 

parts, like the prongs of a fork. 
Forlorn', a. deserted, helpless, lost, desperate. 
Forlorn'-hope, s. those soldiers who arc sent 

first to any hazardous attack. 
Forlorn'ness, s. a forlorn state ; destitution. 
Form, s. shape, figure ; beauty, order, stated 

method ; empty show, ceremony : v. to 

fashion, to model, to arrange. 
Form, s. a long seat in a school ; a class ; 

the bed or seat of a hare. 
Formal, a. ceremonious, affected, methodi- 
cal, observant of form. 
For'malist, s. a lover of formality. 
Formality, s. ceremony, preciseness. 
For'malize, v. to affect formality. 
Formally, ad. according to rule, precisely. 
Forma'tion, s. the act of forming ; the man- 
ner in which a thing is formed. 
For'mative, a. having the power of forming. 
For'mer, a. before another in time ; past. 
Form'er, s. one who forms, a maker. 
For'roerly, ad. in time past. 
Form'ful, a. creative, imaginative. 
Formidable, a. terrible, dreadful, terrific. 
For'midableness, s. quality of exciting terror 

or dread ; the thing causing dread. 
For'midably, ad. in a formidable manner. 
Form'less, a. having no form, shapeless. 
For'mula, s. a prescribed rule or pattern. 
For'mulary, s. a book of stated forms. 
For'nicatc, v. to commit lewdness. 
Fornica'tion, s. lewdness, incontinence. 
Fornicator, s. one that commits fornication. 
Fornicatress, s. an unchaste woman. 
Forray', v. to ravage, to spoil a country : 5. 

the act of ravaging a country. 
Forsa'ke, v. to leave, to desert, to neglect. 



Forsaken, p. and a. neglected, deserted, 
Forsa'ker, s. deserter ; one that forsakes. 
Forsa'king, *. the act of deserting. 
Forsooth', ad. in truth, certainly, very well. 
Forswear', v. to renounce upon oath ; to swear 

falsely ; to commit perjury. 
Forswearer, s. one who is perjured. 
Fort, s. a fortified building ; a castle. 
Forte, s. a peculiar faculty or talent. 
Fo'rte, [Ital.] ad. a direction in music to 

sing or play with force of tone. 
Fo'rted, a. guarded by or having forts. 
Forth, ad. forward, abroad, out of doors. 
Forthcoming, a. ready to appear. 
Forth-is'suing, a. issuing, coming out of. 
Forthwith', ad. immediately, without delay. 
For'tieth, a. the tenth taken four times. 
For'tifiable, a. that may be fortified. 
Fortifica'tion, S. the science of military 

architecture ; a place built for strength. 
Fortifier, s. one who erects works for defence. 
For'tify, v. to strengthen, to encourage. 
Fortis'simo, [Ital.]adf. very loudly. 
For'titude, s. courage ; strength to endure. 
Fort'night, s. the space of two weeks. 
Fo'rtress, s. a stronghold, a fortified place. 
Fo'rtressed, a. defended by a fortress. 
Fortuitous, a. accidental, casual. 
Fortuitously, ad. accidentally, 
Fortuitousness, s. accident, chance. 
Fortuity, s. chance, accident. 
For'tunate, a. lucky, successful, happy. 
For'tunately, ad. happily, prosperously. 
For'tune, s. the good or ill that befalls man- 
kind ; chance ; event ; success ; estate, 

riches, a marriage portion. 
For'tune, v. to befall ; to happen by chance. 
Fortuned, a. sujoplied by fortune. 
For'tune-hunter, s. a man who soeks to 

marry a woman only for her fortune. 
For'tuneless, a. luckless ; without fortune. 
For'tuneteller, s. one who pretends to foretel 

future events. 
Fortune-telling, s. the act of prediction. 
For'ty, a. four times ten. 
Fo'rum, s. a public place in Rome where 

causes were tried ; a tribunal or court. 
For'ward, a. the part in front ; eager, bold, 

presumptuous ; early ripe : ad. frontward, 

onward : v. to hasten ; to advance ; to send 

forward. 
For'wardly, ad. eagerly, hastily, readily. 
For'wardness, s. eagerness, boldness. 
For'wards, ad. straight before ; progressively. 
Fosse, s. a ditch, moat, or entrenchment. 
Fos'sil, s. a mineral : a. what is dug up. 
Fos'silist, s. one who collects fossils. 
Fos'silize, v. to become a fossil. 
Fos'ter, v. to nurse, cherish, bring up. 
Fos'tcrage, s. the charge of nursing. 
Fos'ter-brother, s. one bred at the same 

breast. 
Fos'ter-child, s. a child nursed or bW by a 

man or woman who is not the parent. 
Fos'ter-mother, s. she who fosters a child. 
Fos'ter-earth, s. earth by which a plant is 

nourished, though not its native soil. 
Fos'tercr, 5. a nurse ; an encourager. 
Fos'ter-father, s. he that rears the child of 

another. 
Fos'tering, a. that cherishes and encourages. 



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Fosterling, s. a child brought up by those 

that are not its natural parents. 
Foth'er, s. a load ; a weight of lead : v. to 

stop leaks in ships. 
Foul, a. filthy, unclean ; impure ; unfair ; 

ugly ; -wicked : v. to daub, to dirty, to 

make foul. 
Foul'faced, a. having an ugly hateful face. 
Foul'ly, ad. filthily, nastily, odiously. 
Foul'mouthed, a. using scurrilous language. 
Foul'ness, *. the quality or state of being foul. 
Foul'spoken, a. contumelious, slanderous. 
Fou'mart, s. a ferret, a polecat ; a weasel. 
Found, v. to lay the basis of any building or 

institution ; to build ; to establish. 
Found, v. to form by melting and casting 

into moulds. 
Foundation, s. the basis of an edifice ; the 

first principles ot grounds ; establishment ; 

endowment. 
Founda'tionless, a. without a foundation. 
Found'er, s. a builder ; an establisher ; a 

caster : v. to grow lame ; to sink to the 

bottom ; to fail. 
Found'ery, Found'ry, s. a place for casting 

metals. 
Found'ling, s. a deserted infant. 
Found'ress, a - , a woman that founds, builds, 

or establishes anything. 
Fount, Fount'ain, s. a spring, a spout of 

•water ; an origin, a first cause. 
Fount. See Font. 

Fount'ain -bead, s. primary source ; original. 
Four, a. twice two. 
Fo-ur'fold, a. four times as many. 
Four' footed, a. going on four feet. 
Four'scove, a. four times twenty ; eighty. 
Four'tcen, a. four and ten. 
Fourtee'nth, a. the ordinal of fourteen. 
Fourth', a. the ordinal of four. 
Fourth'! y, ad. in the fourth place. 
Four'wheeled, a. running upon four wheels. 
Fowl, s. a winged animal, a bird : v. to kill 

birds for food or game. 
Fowl'er, s. a sportsman ; a bird-catcher. 
Fow'ling, s. the act of shooting birds. 
Fow'ling-piece, s. a gun for shooting birds. 
Fox, s. an animal of the dog kind, remarkable 

for cunning ; a cunning person ; a knave. 
Fox'chnse, s pursuit of a fox with hounds. 
Fox'glove, s. a plant, the digitalis. 
Fox'hound, j. a hound for chasing foxes. 
Fox'hunter, j. one who hunts foxes. 
Fox'ish, a. cunning, artful ; like a fox. 
Fox'like, a. resembling the cunning of a fox. 
Fox'tail, s. a species of grass. 
Fox'trap, s. a gin or snare to catch foxes. 
Fox'y, a. belonging to a fox ; wily as a fox. 
Fraca's, [Fr.] *. an uproar ; a disturbance. 
Frac'tion, s. tbe act of breaking ; the state 

of being broken ; a broken part of an 

integral. 
Frac'tional, a. belonging to a fraction. 
Frac'tionary, a. pertaining to fractions. 
Fvac'tious, «. cross, peevish, quarrelsome. 
Frac'tiousness, s. peevishness. 
Frac'ture, ». to break, particularly a bone : s. 

a breach or break. 
Fra"gile, a. brittle ; easily broken ; -weak. 
Fragil'ity, s. brittlcncss, weakness, frailty. 
Frag'ment, s. a part broken off; a pieoe. 



Frag'mentary, a. composed of fragments. 
Fra'gor, s. a noise, a crack, a crash. 
Fra'grance, Fra'grancy, s. sweetness of smell; 

grateful odour ; pleasant scent. 
Fra'grant, a. odorous, sweet of smell. 
Fra'grantly, ad. with sweet scent. 
Frail, a. weak, feeble, liable to error : *. a 

basket made of rushes. 
Frail'ness, s. weakness, instability. 
Frail'ty, s. weakness ; a fault proceeding 

from weakness ; a foible. 
Frame, v. to form, to fabricate, to compose ; 

to regulate ; to contrive, to invent : s. 

a structure composed of parts united ; a 

fabric ; order ; scheme ; construction [ 

shape. 
Fra'mer, s. a maker, former, contriver. 
Fra'mework, s. work done in a frame. 
Fra'ming, s. the timber-work of a house. 
Franc, s. a French silver coin. 
Fran'chise, v. to make free; to enfranchise. 
Fran'chise,*. freedom; immunity; privilege; 

a right to vote at elections. 
Fran'ckisernent. See Enfranchisement. 
Francis'can, s. a monk of the order of St. 

Francis : a. relating to the Franciscans. 
Frangibil'ity, J. state of being frangible. 
Fran'gible, a. easily broken, fragile, brittle. 
Frank, a. liberal, ingenuous, unreserved. 
Frank, s. a free letter ; tbe name given to 

Europeans by some Eastern nations. 
Frank, v. to exempt from payment. 
Frank'chase, s. a liberty of free chase. 
Frank'fee, s. a holding of lands in fee simple. 
Frank'incense, s, an odoriferous drug. 
Frank'lin, s. the old word for a freeholder. 
Frank'ly,arf. freely, plainly, without reserve. 
Frank'ness, s. open-heartcdness, liberality. 
Frankpledge, s. a pledge for the good con- 
duct of freemen. 
Fran'tic, a. mad, distracted, transported. 
Fran'ticly, arf.madly, furiously, outrageously. 
Fran'ticness, s. madness, distraction. 
Frater'nal, a. brotherly, becoming brothers. 
Frater'nally, ad. in a brotherly manner. 
Frater'nity, $. a brotherhood ; a society. 
Frateruiza'tion, s.act of forming a fraternity. 
Frat'ertiize, v. to associate as brothei-3. 
Frat'ricide, s. the murder of a brother ; ono 

who murders his brother. 
Fraud, s. deceit, trick, artifice, cheat. 
Fraud'fully, ad. deceitfully; treacherously. 
Fraud'ulence, Fraud'ulency, j.deceitfulness; 

roguery ; proneness to artifice. 
Fraud'ulent, Fraud'ful, a. full of artifice, 

deceitful, trickish, subtle. 
Fraudulently, ad. by fraud, treacherously. 
Fraught, s. a freight, a cargo : p. laden. 
Fray, s. a broil, a battle : v. to frighten. 
Fray, v. to rub, to wear. 
Freak, J. a sudden fancy, a whim, a humour : 

v. to variegate, to chequer. 
Frcak'ish, a. capricious, bumorsome. 
Fieak'ishly, ad. capriciously, whimsically. 
Freak'ishness, *. capriciousness, whimsioal- 

ness. 
Freck'le, s. a spot in the skin : v. to spot. 
Frcck'led, a. full of spots or freckles. 
Freck'le-faoed, a. having a face full of freckles. 
Free, a. at liberty ; licentious ; liberal ; frank. 
Free, v. to set at liberty ; to clear from. 
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Free'bench. s. a widow's dower in a copyhold. 
Free'booter, s. a robber, a plunderer. 
Free'booting, s. robbery; plunder. 
Free'born, a. inheriting liberty. 
Free'cost, s. freedom from charge or expense. 
Freed'man, s. a slave manumitted. 
Free'dorn, s. liberty, privilege, familiarity. 
Frecheart'ed, a. liberal, generous, kind. 
Freeheart'edness, s. frankness ; liberality. 
Freehold, s. land held in perpetual right. 
Free'holder, s. one who has a freehold. 
Free'ly, ad. spontaneously ; without restraint. 
Free'man, s. one not a slave ; one entitled to 

particular rights and privileges. 
Free'mason, s. one of the fraternity of masons. 
Free'minded, a. unconstrained, without care. 
Free'ness, s. the being free ; ingenuousness, 

liberality. 
Free'school, s. a school in which learning is 

gratuitous ; an. endowed school. 
Frcespo'ken, a. speaking without reserve. 
Free'stone, s. a kind of stone easily wrought. 
Free'thinker, s. a contemner of religion. 
Freethink'ing, s. the practice of a freethinker. 
Frce'tongued, a. speaking without reserve. 
Freewill', s. power of acting without restraint. 
Free'woman, s. a woman not a slave. 
Freeze, v. to be congealed with cold ; to 

harden into ice ; to chill. 
Freight, s. the lading of a ship ; the money 

due for transportation of goods. 
Freight, v. to load or charter a ship or vessel. 
Freight'er, s. one who freights a ship. 
French, a. of or belonging to France. 
French, s. the people or language of France. 
French-horn', s. a musical wind instrument. 
Frenchified, a. resembling the French in 

manners. 
Frenchify, v. to make French, to infect with 

the manners of France. 
French'like, a. resembling the French. 
Freneh'man, s. a native of France. 
Frenet'ic, a. mad, distracted, frantic. 
Fren'zied, a. affected with madness. 
Fren'zy, s. madness, distraction of mind. 
Fre'quency, Frequentness, *. the condition 

of occurring often ; usualness. 
Fre'quent, a. often done, seen, or occurring. 
Frequent', v. to visit often, to resort to. 
Frequent'able, a. accessible. 
Frequcnta'tion, s. the habit of frequenting. 
Frequent'ative, a. frequently repeating. 
Frequent'er, s. one who often visits a place. 
Frequently, ad. repeatedly, often. 
Fres'co, s. "coolness, shade; a method of 

painting on the walls. 
Fresh, a. cool ; not salt ; not stale ; recent, 

new ; florid, vigorous, brisk ; not vapid. 
Fresh'en, v. to make or grow fresh. 
Fresh'es, s. a flood, an overflowing. 
Fresh'et, s. a pool of fresh water. 
Fresh'ly, ad. coolly; newly ; ruddily. 
Fresh man, s. a novice ; a new comer. 
Flesh'ness, s. newness ; spirit; bloom. 
Freshwater, a. raw, unskilled, applied by 

sailors to a novice at sea. 
Fret, v. to rub, wear away ; vex ; corrode. 
Fret, .?. agitation or commotion of the mind ; 

agitation of liquors by fermentation. 
Fret, j. work raised in protuberances: v. to 

form into raised work ; to variegate. 



Fret'ter, s. one who frets. 

Fret'ful, a. angry, peevish, dissatisfied. 

Fret' fully, ad. peevishly; angrily. 

Fret'tulness, s. peevishness, passion. 

Fret'ting, s. agitation ; commotion. 

Fret'work, s. raised work in masonry. 

Friability, j. capacity of being easily re- 
duced to powder. 

Fri'able, a. easily reduced to powder. 

Fri'ar, s. a religious brother of some order. 

Fri'ar's-cowl, s. a species of plant. 

Friar's-lan'tern, s. the ignis fatuus. 

Fri'ary, s. a monastery or convent of friars. 

Frib'ble, s. a fop, a trifler, a coxcomb. 

Frib'ble, v. to trifle : a. frivolous. 

Frib'bler, s. a trifler, a fop. 

Fricasse'e, s. a dish of chickens, &c. cat 
small and dressed with strong sauce. 

Fricassee', v. to dress in fricassee. 

Frica'tion, s. the act of rubbing ; friction. 

Fric'tion, s. the act of rubbing two bodies 
together ; the resistance arising from the 
rubbing of one thing against another. 

Fri'day, s. the sixth day of the week. 

Friend, s. an intimate, a confidant, a favorer, 
one who is kind to another. 

Friend'less, a. destitute of friends, forlorn. 

Friend'like, a. friendly, like a friend. 

Friendliness, s. a disposition to friendship 
or benevolence ; kind behaviour. 

Friendly, a. kind, favorable, salutary: ad. 
in a friendly manner ; amicably. 

Friend'ship. s. highest degree of intimacy ; 
favor ; personal kindness ; assistance. 

Frieze, Frize, s. a warm coarse kind of cloth ; 
a term in ornamental architecture. 

Friez'ed, a. napped, shaggy with nap. 

Friez'elike, a. resembling frieze. 

Frig'ate, s. a ship of war. 

Frigatoon', s. a small Venetian ship. 

Fright, s. a sudden terror, a panic. 

Fright, Fright'en, v. to terrify, to daunt. 

Fright'ful, a. causing fright, dreadful. 

Fright'fully, ad. horribly, dreadfully. 

Fright'fulness, s. power of impressing terror. 

Fri"gid, a. cold, impotent, dull, unmoved. 

Frigidity, Fri"gidness, s. coldness, dulness. 

Fri"gidly, ad. coldly, dully, unfeelingly. 

Frill, v. to shiver : s. a kind of ruffle. 

Fringe, s. ornamental trimming : v. to trim. 

Frin'gy, a. adorned with fringes. 

Frip'pcr, Frip'perer, s. a dealer in old clothes. 

Frip'pery, s. old clothes, tattered rags ; paltry 
ridiculous finery ; dresses vamped up. 

Friseur', [Fr.] s. a hair-dresser. 

Frisk, v. to leap, to skip : s. a frolic. 

Frisk, Frisk'ful, a. brisk, lively. 

Frisk'er, s. a wanton ; one who is frisky. 

Frisk'et, s. a part of a printing-press. 

Frisk'iness, s. gaiety, liveliness. 

Frisk'y, a. gay, airy, frolicsome, wanton. 

Frit, s. the matter of which glass is made. 

Frith, s. a strait of the sea ; a kind of nat. 

Frit'illary, s. the plant crown imperial. 

Frit'ter, v. to crumble away in small parti- 
cles : s. a small pancake. 

Frit'ter, s. a fragment ; a shred. 

Frivolity, Frivldousness, *. unimportance. 

Friv'olous, a. slight, trifling, of no moment. 

Friv'olously, ad. vainly, insignificantly. 

Friz, Friz'zle, v. to curl in short curls. 



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Frizzing, 5. the forming of the nap on cloth. 
Friz'zler, s. one who frizzles, a friseur. 
Fro, ad. contraction of from ; to and fro. 
Frock, 5. a kind of coat: a gown for children. 
Frog, s. a small amphibious animal. 
Frog'fish, s. the loptinus or fishing-fly. 
Frol'ic, s. a wild prank, a whim : v. to play 

pranks, to be merry. 
Frol'icsome, a. gay, jocund, wild. 
Frol'icly, ad. with mirth and gaiety. 
Frol'icsomeness, s. gaiety ; wild pranks. 
From, prep, denoting privation, absence, 

distance, or departure ; away, out of. 
Frond, s. a green leafy branch. 
Front, s. the forehead, the face ; the fore part 

of any thing ; the van of an army. 
Front, v . to stand foremost ; to be opposite 

to ; to oppose face to face. 
Front'al. s. relatingto the forehead ; a frontlet. 
Front'ed, a. formed with a front. 
Frontier', s. the limit or utmost verge of a 

territory: a. bordering, conterminous. 
Frontiniac', s. a luscious French wine. 
Frontispiece, s. an engraving or ornament 

fronting the title-page of a book. 
Front'less, a. void of shame, impudent. 
Front'let, s. a bandage worn on the forehead. 
Frore, a. frozen, frosty. 
Frost, s. the power or act of congelation ; 

the effect of cold producing ice. 
Frost'bitten, a. nipped by the frost. 
Frost'ed, a. made in imitation of frost. 
Frost'ily, ad. coldly, without affection. 
Frost'incss, *. coldness, gelidness, freezing. 
Frost'l ess, a. free from frost. 
Frost'nail, s. a nail with a sharp head driven 

into horses' shoes in frosty weather. 
Frost'work, s. work in which the substance 

is laid on with inequalities, like hoar frost. 
Frost'y, a. excessively cold, hoary. 
Froth, 5. foam, spume ; empty show of words. 
Froth, v. to foam ; to throw out spume. 
Froth'ily, ad. in an empty trifling manner. 
Froth'in^ss, .?. the being frothy ; emptiness. 
Froth'y, a. full of foam ; empty, trifling. 
Frounce, s. a wrinkle ; a curl ; a plait. 
Frounce, v. to gather into plaits, to curl or 

frizzle. 
Frou'zy, a. fetid, strong, musty. 
Frow, s. a Dutch or German woman. 
Fro'wanl, a. perverse, peevish, ungovernable. 
Fro'wardly, ad. peevishly, perversely. 
Fro'waruiK-ss, s. peevishness, perversencss. 
Frown, v. to knit the brows ; to look stern. 
Frown'ingly, ad. sternly ; rebukingly. 
Fro'zon. p. and a. congealed ; very cold. 
Fructcs'cence , s. the fruiting season. 
Fructiferous, a. bearing fruit. 
Fructification, s. the act of fructifying. 
Fructify, v. to make fruitful, to fertilize. 
Fruetua'tion, s. product ; fruit. 
Fru'gal , a. thrifty, sparing, parsimonious. 
Frugality, s. thrift ; good husbandry. 
Fru'gal ly, ad. sparingly, parsimoniously. 
Frugif'erent, Frugiferous, a. bearing fruit. 
Frugiv'orous, a. feeding on fruits. 
Fruit, s. the produce of trees or plants ; pro- 
duction ; effect ; the offspring of the womb. 
Fruit'age, s. fruit collectively ; various fruits. 
Fruit'bearer, s. that which produces fruit. 
Fruit'bearing, a. producing fruit. 



Fruit'erer, s. one who trades in fruit. 

Fruit'ery, s. a fruit-loft ; fruit collectively. 

Fruit'fui, a. fertile, prolific, plenteous. 

Fruit' fully, ad. abundantly, plenteously. 

Fruit'fulness, s. fertility, productiveness. 

Fruit'grove, s. a plantation of fruit-trees. 

Fruit'-time, s. the time for gathering fruit. 

Frui"tion, s. enjoyment, possession. 

Fru'itive, a. enjoying, possessing. 

Fruitless, a. barren, unprofitable, idle. 

Fruitlessly, ad. vainly, idly, unprofitably. 

Fruit'lessness, s. unprofitableness. 

Fruit'-tree, s. a tree that produces fruit. 

Frumenta'ceous, a. made of grain. 

Frumcntar'ious, a. pertaining to corn. 

Fru mentation, s. a gift of corn to the people. 

Fru'menty, 5. food made of wheat boiled in 
milk, and sweetened. 

Frump, s. a joke, a jeer : v. to mock. 

Frush, v. to break, bruise, or crush. 

Frush, s. the tender part of the sole of a 
horse's foot. See Thrush. 

Frustra'neous, a. vain, unprofitable. 

Frustrate, a. vain, ineffectual, void. 

Frustrate, v. tu disappoint, to make null. 

Frustration, s. disappointment, defeat. 

Frustrative, a. fallacious, disappointing. 

Frustratory, a. that makes void or null. 

Frustrum, s. a part of a solid body separated 
from the rest, as a truncated cone. 

Frutes'ccnt, a. growing into a shrub. 

Fru'tex, s. [in botany] a shrub. 

Fruticant, a. full of shoots. 

Fruticous, a. of the nature of a shrub. 

Fry, s. a swarm of little fishes. 

Fry, v. to dress food in a frying-pan. 

Fry'ing-pan, s. a pan for frying food. 

Fub, v. to put off, to cheat. 

Fu'cated, a. painted ; disguised with paint. 

Fu'chsia, s. a genus of plants. 

Fu'cus, s. a paint for the face. 

Fud'dler, s. a tippler, a drunkard. 

Fud'dle, v. to tipple, to make drunk. 

Fudge ! int. an expression of contempt. 

Fu'el, s. the matter or aliment of fire. 

Fu'eler, s. he that supplies fuel. 

Fuga'cious, a. flying away, fleeting. 

Fuga'ciousness, Fuga"eity, s. volatility. 

Fugh ! int. expressing abhorrence. 

Fu'gitive, a. flying, volatile, unsteady. 

Fu'gitive, s. a runaway, a deserter. 

Fu'gitiveness, s. instability, volatility. 

Fu'gleman, s. the soldier who gives the mo- 
tions to a regiment when exercising. 

Fugue, s. flying music, when the parts follovr 
and seem to chase each other. 

Fulcrum, s. the prop or support of a lever. 

Fulfil', v. to accomplish, to perform. 

Fulfil'ler, s. one who fulfils or accomplishes. 

Fuliil'ment, s. full performance. 

Ful'gency, s. splendor, glitter. 

Ful'gent, Ful'gid, a. shining, glittering. 

Ful'gor, s. splendor, dazzling brightness. 

Ful'gurate, v. to flash as lightning. 

Fulguration, a. flashes of lightning. 

Ful'gurarit, a. flashing, lightening. 

Fuli"ginous, a. sooty, smoky. 

Fu'limart, s. See Foumart. 

Full, a. replete, stored, saturated, perfect. 

Full, s. complete measure ; the whole. 

Full, ad. without abatement ; exactly. 



FUL 



108 



FUR 



Full, v. to cleanse and thicken cloth in a 
fulling-mill. 

Full'-bloomed, a. having perfect bloom. 

Full'-blown, a. fully expanded. 

Full'-bottomed, a. having a large bottom. 

Full'-charged, a. charged to fulness. 

Full'dressed, a. dressed in full fashion. 

Full'-eared, a. having the ears full of grain. 

Fuller, s. one who fulls cloth. 

Ful'ler's-earth, s. soft unctuous marl, used by 
fullers for cleansing cloth. 

Ful'ler's-thistle, s. the herb teasel. 

Full'-eyed, a. having large prominent eyes. 

Full'-faced, a. having a broad face. 

Full'-fed, a. fed to fulness ; fat, plump. 

Full'-fraught, «. fully or completely stored. 

Full'-grown, a. grown to full size. 

Full'ing, s. the art of cleansing and thicken- 
ing cloth in a mill. 

Ful'ling-mill, s. a mill for fulling cloth. 

Full'-orbed, a. having the orb complete. 

Full'-winged, a. ready for flight ; eager. 

Fully, ad. completely, entirely. 

Ful'minant, a. thundering, very loud. 

Ful'minate, Ful'mine, v. to thunder, to make 
a loud noise ; to denounce. 

Fulmina tion, s. the act of thundering, &c. 

Ful'mmatory, a. thundering; striking terror. 

Fulmin'oous, a. belonging to thunder. 

Fuli'-mouthed, a. having a full voice. 

Ful'ness, s. completeness, satiety, plenty. 

Ful'somc, a. nauseous, rank, offensive. 

Ful'sornely, ad. rankly, nauseously. 

Ful'someness, s. nauseousness, foulness. 

Ful'vid, a. of a deep yellow color, tawny. 

Ful'vous, a. yellow ; tawny. 

Fuma'do, s. a smoked or dried fish. 

Fu'niatory, a. pertaining to smoking. 

Fum'ble, v. to feel or grope about, to attempt 
awkwardly. 

Fum'bler, 5. an awkward person. 

Fum'blingly, ad. in an awkward manner. 

Fume, s. smoke, vapor; passion, conceit. 

Fume, v. to smoke ; to be in a rage. 

Fu'met, s. the dung of deer. 

Fumet'te, s. the scent of meat too long kept. 

Fu'inid, a. smoky, vaporous. 

Fumid'ity, s. smokiness ; tendency to smoke. 

Fumif'erous, Fumif ic, a. producing smoke. 

Fu'migant, a. smoking, fuming. 

Fu'migate, v. to smoke, to perfume. 

Fumiga'tion, s. a scent raised by fire. 

Fu'mingly, ad. angrily, in a rage. 

Fu'mish, a. smoky ; hot ; choleric. 

Fu'mous, Fu'rny, a. producing fumes. 

Fun, s. sport, high merriment. 

Funam'bulate, v. to dance on a rope. 

Funambula'tion, s. rope-dancing. 

Funam'bulatory, a. like a rope-dancer. 

Funam'bulist, s. a rope-dancer. 

Func'tion, s. power ; faculty ; office, occupa- 
tion, employment. 

Functional, a. pertaining to some office. 

Func'tionally, ad. by means of the functions. 

Functionary, s. one who is charged with an 
office, trust, or employment. 

Fund, s. stock, capital ; abundance : v. to 
place out money at interest in the funds. 

Fun'damfint. s. the hinder part or scat. 

Fundamental, ... serving for the founda- 
tion i essentia! ; not merely accidental. \ 



Fundamental, s. the leading principle ; the 
essential part. 

Fundamentally, ad. essentially; originally. 

Fune'brial, Fu'nebrious, a. belonging to a 
funeral ; doleful. 

Fu'neral, s. the solemnization of a burial. 

Fu'neral, a. used on interring the dead. 

Funera'tion, s. the solemnization of a funeral. 

Fune'real, a. suiting a funeral ; dismal, dark. 

Fun'gic, a. pertaining to mushrooms. 

Fun'gite, j. a kind of fossil coral. 

Fungos'ity, s. soft excrescence. 

Fungous, a. spongy, excrescent. 

Fun'gus, s. a mushroom ; an excrescence. 

Fu'nicle, s. a small ligature ; a fibre. 

Funic'ular, a. consisting of small fibres. 

Fun'nel, s. a vessel for pouring liquors into a 
bottle ; the shaft of a chimney. 

Fun'ny, a. merry, laughable, comical. 

Fur, s. the soft hairy skins of several beasts : 
a substance sticking to the sides of vessels-. 

Fur, v. to line or cover with fur ; to cover 
with morbid matter, as the tongue. 

Fura'cious, a. thievish ; inclined to theft. 

Fura"city, s. a disposition to theft. 

Fur'below, s. any ornamental trimming ora 
the lower part of a garment: v. to put on 
or adorn with furbelows. 

Fur'Msh, v. to burnish, to polish. 

Fur'bisher, s. one who polishes any thing. 

Fur'cate, a. forked (in botauy.) 

Fur 7 fur, s. dandruff; scurf; scales like bran. 

Furfura'ceous, a. husky ; branny ; scaly. 

Fu'rious, a. mad, raging, violent, passionate. 

Fu'riously, ad. madly, violently, vehemently. 

Fu'riousness, s. impetuous motion ; mad- 
ness ; rage. 

Furl, v. to draw up, to contract. 

Fur'long, s. eighth part of a mile ; 220 yards. 

Furlough, s. a temporary leave of absence 
from military service. 

Fur'menty, s. See Frumenty. 

Furliace, s. an enclosed fireplace. 

Fur'nace, v. to throw out sparks as a furnace. 

Fur'niment, s. See Furniture. 

Fur'nish, v. to supply, to equip, to decorate. 

Fur'nished, a. supplied ; fitted out. 

Furnisher, s. one who supplies or fits out. 

Furliiture, s. goods put into a house for use 
or ornament ; equipage ; appendages. 

Fu'ror, [Lat.] s. fury, madness. 

Furl-ier, s. a dealer in furs. 

Fur'riery, s. furs in general. 

Furl-ow, s. any long trench or hollow. 

Fur'row, v. to cut a furrow ; to plough. 

FurVow-faced, a. having a wrinkled face. 

Fur'row-weed, s. a weed growing in furrows. 

Furl-y, a. covered with or made of fur. 

Fur'ther, ad. to a greater distance. 

Furlher, v. to forward, to promote, to assist, 
to countenance. 

Fur'therance, j. help, assistance, advance- 
ment, promotion. 

Fur'therer, s. a promoter, a helper. 

Furthermore, ad. moreover, besides. 

Furthermost, Furthest, a. the most distant. 

Furtive, a. stolen, obtained by theft. 

Fu'ry, s. madness, passion, frenzy, rage. 

Fu'rylike, a. raging ; furious ; violent. 

Furze, s. a prickly shrub, gorse, whin. 

Furty, a. overgrown with furze. 



FUS 



109 



GAM 



Fus cous, a. of a dim or dark color. 
Fuse, v. to melt, to put into fusion. 
Fusee', s. a sort of matchlock or musket ; that 

part of a bomb or grenade which ignites it. 
Fusee', s. that part of a watch or clock round 

which the chain is wound. 
Fusibility, s. capacity of being melted. 
Fu'sible, Fu'sil, a. capable of being melted. 
Fusil, s. See Fusee. 
Fusilier', s. a soldier armed with a fusil. 
Fu'sion, s. the state of being melted. 
Fuss, s. a bustle, a noise, a hurry. 
Fust, s. the shaft of a column ; a musty smell. 
Fust, v. to grow mouldy ; to smell ill. 
Fus'tian, s. a kind of stuff made of linen and 

cotton ; a turgid style : a. bombastic. 
Fus'tic, s. a wood used in dyeing yellow. 
Fus'tigate, v. to beat with a stick, to cudgel. 
Fus'tiness, s. uiustiness, mouldiness. 
Fus'ty, a. mouldy, musty, rancid. 
Fu'tile, a. trifling, worthless. 
Futility, s. want of weight ; silliness. 
Fu'ture, a. that is to come hereafter. 
Fu'ture, Futu'rity, s. the time to come. 
Fuzz, s. fine light particles. 
Fuzz, v. to fly out in small particles. 
Fuzz'ball, s. a kind of fungus filled with dust. 
Fy ! int. expressing blame or censure. 



Gab, v. to talk idly ; to prate. 

Gab'ardine, s. a coarse frock ; a mean dress. 

Gab'ble, v. to prate ; to talk without meaning. 

Gab'ble, s. loud talk without meaning. 

Gab'blor, s. a prater, a chattering fellow. 

Ga'bel, s. an impost or tax. 

Ga'bion, s. a wicker basket filled with earth 

for protection against the enemy's fire. 
Ga'ble, *. the triangular end of a building. 
Gad, s. an ingot of steel ; a graver. 
Gad, v. to ramble abroad idly. 
Gad'der, s. one that gads or runs ahroad. 
Gad'ding, j. agoing about ; a pilgrimage. 
Gad'fly, s. an insect that stings cattle. 
Ga'elic, s. a dialect of the Celtic tongue : a. 

pertaining to the Gaelic language. 
Gaff, s. a harpoon or large hook ; a boom. 
Gaffer, s. an old country word for master. 
Gag, s. something applied to hinder speech : 

v. to stop the mouth, to silence. 
Gage, *. a pledge, a pawn : v . to wager, to 

impawn. 
Gag'gle, v. to make a noise like a goose. 
Gaiety. See Gayety. 
Gaily. See Gayly. 
Gain, s. profit, advantago, interest. 
Gain, v. to obtain, to procure, to attain. 
Gain'er, s. one that gains. 
Gain'ful, a. advantageous, lucrative. 
Gain'fully, ad. profitably ; advantageously. 
Gain'fulness, s. profit, advantage. 
Gain'less, a. producing no advantage. 
Gain'ly, ad. handily, readily, dexterously. 
Gainsay', v. to contradict, to controvert. 
Gainsay'er, s. one who contradicts another. 
Gairlsh, a. gaudy, showy, gay. 
Gair'islincss, s. finery ; gaudincss. 
Gait, s. manner and air of walking. 
Gai'ters, s. pi. a kind of spatterdashes. 
Ga'la, s. a grand festivity or procession. 
Gala-day, s. a day of finery and festivity. 



Gal'axy, s. the milky way ; a splendid aS* 
semblage. 

Gal'banum, s. a strong scented gum or reain. 

Gale, s. a strong or high wind. 

Ga'lea, s. a helmet; a genus of sea hedge-hogs* 

Gale'na, s. sulphuret of lead. 

Gal'eas, s. a Venetian galley. 

Gal'eated, a. covered as with a helmet. 

Galen'ical, a. denoting the manner of treat- 
ing diseases according to Galen. 

Ga'lenism, *. the doctrines of Galen. 

Ga'lenist, s. a physician that follows the 
method of Galen. 

Ga'lerite, s. a genus of fossil shells. 

Gall, s. bile ; malignity, rancour, anger. 

Gall, v. to rub off the skin ; to tease or fret. 

Gal'lant, a. gay, brave ; high spirited. 

Gallant', s . a gay sprightly man ; a wooer. 

Gallantly, ad. bravely, nobly, generously. 

Gallantry, s. bravery ; courtship; intrigue. 

Galleon', s. a large Spanish ship, employed 
to bring treasure from America. 

Gallery, s. a passage leading to several apart- 
ments ; a balcony round a building. 

Galley, s. a small vessel with sails and oars ; 
a frame used in printing. 

Galley-slave, s. a person condemned for 
some crime to row in the galleys. 

Gall'fly, s. the insect that punctures plants 
and occasions, gall nuts. 

Galliard, s. a gay brisk man ; a lively dance. 

Gallic, Gallican, Gaulish, a. French. 

Gallic, a. belonging to galls or oak-apples. 

Gallicism, s. a mode of speaking after the 
manner of the French ; a French idiom. 

Galligas'kins, s. large open hose. 

Galli'matia, *. talk without meaning. 

Gallimau'fry, s. a hotch-potch ; a medley. 

Gallina'ceous, a. of the pheasant kind. 

Galliot, s. a small galley or brigantine. 

Gallipot, s. a pot painted and glazed. 

Gall'nut, s. an excrescence growing on the 
oak in Asia Minor, used in making ink. 

Gallon, s. a measure of four quarts. 

Galloon', s. a kind of close lace. 

Gallop, s. a horse's full or swiftest speed. 

Gallop, v. to move by leaps, or very fast. 

Galloper, s. a rider or horse that gallops ; a 
carriage for a light piece of artillery. 

Gallow, v. to terrify, to fright. 

Gal low-glasses, *. ancient Irish foot soldiers. 

Galloway, s. a horse not more than fourteen 
hands high, like the breed from Gailoivay 
in Scotland. 

Gallows, s. a tree for executing malefactors. 

Gall'sickness, s. a remitting bilious fever. 

Gall'stone, s. a concretion formed in the 
gallbladder. 

Gall'y, a. like gall ; bitter as gall. 

Gallyvvorm, s. a reptile of the centipede kind. 

Galo'che, s. a shoe to wear over another in wot 
weather ; a clog. 

Galore', s. plenty, in abundance (colloq.) 

Galvanic, a. relating to galvanism. 

Gal'vanism, s. a branch of electricity. 

Gal'vauist, s. one who performs galvanic 
operations, or understands the science. 

Gal'vanize, v. to produce electrical pheno- 
mena by applying the galvanic power. 

Gamba'does, .v. spatterdashes; a kind of boo*8 
fixed to a saddle instead of stirrups. 



GAM 



110 



GAIT 



Oam'ble, v. to play extravagantly for money. 

Oam'bler, s. a cheating gamester. 

Gambling, s. gaming, high play. 

Gambo'ge, s. a gum resin from Cambogia. 

Gam'bol, s. a skip, a frolic, a prank : v. to 
dance, to skip, to leap. 

Gam'brel, s. the hind leg of a horse. 

Gam'brel, v. to tie by the leg. 

Game, s. sport of any kind ; insolent merri- 
ment ; animals pursued in the field. 

Game, v. to piay extravagantly for money. 

Ga'mecock, s. a cock bred to fight. 

Ga'me-egg, J. an egg from which a fighting- 
cock may be bred. 

Ga'mekeeper, s. one who protects game. 

Ga'mesome, a. frolicsome, sportive, gay. 

Ga'mesomely, ad. merrily ; playfully. 

Ga'niesomeness, 5. sportiveness, merriment. 

Ga'mestcr, s. one addicted to gaming. 

Ga'ming, j. the practising games of hazard. 

Ga'ming-house, s. a house for gaming. 

Ga'ming-table, s. a table used for gaming. 

Gam'mer, s. a country appellation for mis- 
tress, mother, &c. corresponding to Gaffer. 

Gam'mon, s. the thigh or buttock of a hog 
salted and dried. 

Gam'mon, s. a term used in playing back- 
gammon ; (in vulgar use, to hoax.) 

Gam'ut, s. the scale of musical notes. 

Ganch, s. a barbarous mode of punishment in 
Turkey, by dropping the criminal down 
upon short stakes or hooks. 

Gan'der, s. the male of the goose. 

Gang, s. a troop, a band, a crew. 

Gangway, s. a plank with steps used for 
walking in and out of a boat ; a passage or 
thoroughfare. 

Ganglion, s. a tumor in some tendinous part. 

Gan'grone, s. a mortification, a putrefaction. 

Gan'grene, v. to become mortified. 

Gan'grenous, a. mortified, putrefied. 

GangVeek, s. rogation week; 

Gan'net, s. the Solan goose. 

Gant'let, Gan'telope, s. military punishment, 
in which the criminal running between the 
ranks receives a lash from each man. 

Gan'za, s. a kind of wild goose. 

Gaol, s. a prison, a place of confinement. 

Gaol-deliv'ery, s. a judicial process for clear- 
ing gaols of criminals. 

Gaol'er, s. the keeper of a prison. 

Gap, s. an opening, a breach, a hole. 

Gape, v. to open the mouth wide, to yawn. 

Ga'per, 5. one who stares foolishly. 

Garb, s. dress, attire, exterior appearance. 

Garbage, s. offals ; the entrails ; refuse. 

Gar'bel, s. the plank next the keel of a ship. 

Gar'ble, v. to sift ; to pick out from a whole 
what may serve a purpose. 

Gar'bler, s. one who sifts or picks out. 

Gar'boil, s. trouble, disturbance, tumult. 

Gar'den, s. ground enclosed for fruit, &c. 

Gar'dener, s. one who cultivates a garden. 

Gardening, s. the cultivation of gardens. 

Garden-plot, s. the plantation of a garden. 

Garden-stuff, s. plants growing in a garden. 

Gare, s. coarse wool on the legs of sheep. 

Gar'garize, v. to wash the mouth with medi- 
cated liquor. 
Gar'garisui, s. a liquid medicine for washing 
the throat. 



Gar'get, s. a distemper in the throat of cattle. 
Gar'gle, s. a medicated liquor for washing tho 

throat with : v. to wash the throat. 
Gar'giion, s. an incipient tumor. 
Garland, s. a wreath of branches or flowers. 
Gar'lic, s. a plant like an onion. 
Gar'ment, s. any covering for the body. 
Gar'ner, s. a granary for corn : v. to store as 

in a garner. 
Gar'net, s. a gem of a red color. 
Gar'nish, v. to decorate, to embellish. 
Gar'nisher. s. one who decorates. 
Garnishment, s. ornament, embellishment. 
Gar'niture, s. furniture ; ornament. 
Ga'rous, s. resembling pickle made of fish. 
Gar'ron, s. a small horse, a sorry nag. 
Gar'ret, s. the uppermost room of a house. 
Garreteer', s. one that lives in a garret. 
Gar'rison, s. soldiers to defend a castle, &c. ; 

v. to secure by fortresses, &c. 
Garrulity, s. loquacity, talkativeness. 
Gar'rulous, a. loquacious, talkative. 
Gar'ter, s. a string or riband to hold up a 

stocking ; the mark of the order of the 

garter : v. to bind up with a garter ; to 

invest with the order of the garter. 
Garth, *. an enclosure for catching fish. 
Gas, s. an aeriform fluid. 
Gas'con, s. a native of Gascon y ; a boaster. 
Gascona'de, s. a boast, a bravado : v. to brag. 
Gas'eous, a. consisting or partaking of gas. 
Gash, s. a deep cut or wound. 
Gash'ful, a. full of gashes ; hideous. 
Gasify, ». to convert into gas. 
Gas'kins, s. pi. wide hose or breeches. 
Gaslight, s. the light procured by tho com- 
bustion of carburetted hydrogen gas. 
Gasom'eter, s. an instrument to measure gas 

by ; the place where gas is prepared. 
Gasom'etry, s. the art of measuring gases. 
Gasp, s. a catch for breath in the last agonies : 

&. to pant for breath. 
Gas'tric, a. belonging to the belly or stomach, 

as " gastric juice," the agent of digestion. 
Gastril'oquist, s. a ventriloquist. 
Gastrol'ogy, s. a treatise on the stomach, &c. 
Gastronomist, s. one who delights in good 

living; a judge of the art of cookery. 
Gastronomy, s. the science of good eating. 
Ga'teway, s. the way through a gate. 
Gath'er, v. to collect, pick up, assemble ; to 

crop ; to pucker ; to fester. 
Gath'crable, a. capable of being gathered. 
Gath'erer, s. one who gathers ; a collector. 
Gath'ering, s. a collection ; a tumor. 
Gath'ers, s.pl. plaits in a garment, &c. 
Gaud, s. a gaudy or showy ornament. 
Gau'dery, s. finery ; ostentatious dress. 
Gau'dily, ad. showily, gaily, splendidly. 
Gau'diness, s. showiness, tinsel appearance. 
Gau'dy, a. showy, splendid, pompous. 
Gauge, v. to measure the contents of a vessel : 

s. a measure, a standard. 
Ga'uger, s. one who measures quantities. 
Ga'uging, s. the art or science of measuring 

the contents of vessels. 
Ga'uging-rod, s. an instrument for measuring 

the contents of casks or vessels. 
Gaul, s. an ancient name of France. 
Gaulish, a. pertaining to Gaul. 
Gaunt, a. lean, thin, slender, meagre. 



GAIT 



111 



GEO 



Gauntlet, s. an iron glove for defence. 

Gauntly, ad. with a meagre appearance. 

Gauze, s. a thin transparent silk. 

Gauze'-loom, s. a loom in which gauze is 
woven. 

Gauz'y, a. like gauze ; thin as gauze. 

Gavelkind, s. an equal division of land 
among all the sons. 

Gavot', [Fr.j .?. a kind of hrisk dance. 

Gawk, s. a cuckoo; one easily fooled. 

Gawk, GaVky, s. a stupid awkward person. 

Gaw'ky, a. foolish ; awkward ; clumsy. 

Gay, a. airy, cheerful, merry, frolicsome. 

Gay'ness, s. gaiety ; finery. 

Gay'some, a. full of gaiety. 

Gay'ety, Gai'ety, s. cheerfulness ; finery. 

Gay'jy, Gai'ly, ad. merrily, showily. 

Gaze, s. a fixed look, a look of eagerness : v. 
to look earnestly or steadily on. 

Ga'zeful, a. looking earnestly or intently. 

Ga'ze-hound, s. a hound pursuing more by 
the eye than by the scent. 

Gazel', Gazelle, s. an Arabian deer. 

Ga'zer, s. one who looks earnestly. 

Gazet'te, s. an official newspaper : v. to in- 
sert in a gazette. 

Gazetteer', s. a writer of gazettes ; a geogra- 
phical dictionary. 

Ga'zing-stock, s. one gazed at with scorn. 

Gazo'n, s. in fortification, pieces of earth 
covered with grass, cut in form of a wedge. 

Gear, s. furniture, accoutrements, harness. 

Gel'atin, s. an animal substance of the con- 
sistence of jelly. 

Gel'atine, Gelatinous, a. like jelly. 

Geld, v. to castrate. 

Gel'der, s. one who performs castration. 

Grilling, s. a horse that has been gelded. 

Gelid, a. extremely cold, frozen. 

Gelidlty, Gclldness, s. extreme cold. 

Gelly. ' See Jelly. 

Gem, s. a jewel or precious stone; a bud : v. 
to adorn as with jewels ; to bud. 

Gem'el, s. a pair (a t^rm in heraldry). 

Gemina'tion, s. repetition ; -reduplication. 

Gemini, s. twins ; a sign in the zodiac. 

Gemlnous, a. double, twofold. 

Gemma'tion, s. the process of budding. 

Gcm'mary, a. pertaining to gems or jewels. 

Gem'niy, a. resembling gems ; bright. 

Gend'arm, j. one of the gens d'armes, a 
French police soldier. 

Gen'der, s. a sex, a kind, a sort : v. to en- 
gender or beget ; to cause. 

Genealo'gical, a. pertaining to pedigrees. 

Genealogist, j. one skilled in genealogy. 

Gencal'ogy, s. history of family succession. 

Gen'eral, a. relating to the whole ; not par- 
ticular ; public, common, usual, extensive: 
s. one that commands an army. 

General i/simo, s. a commander in chief. 

Generality, s. the main body, the bulk. 

Generaliza'tioi), s. the act of generalizing. 

Gen'eral izc, v. to reduce to a genus ; to re- 
duce to general heads. 

Gen'erally, ad. in general, commonly. 

Gen'eralship, s. the conduct of a general or 
one who commands an army ; good or bad 
management. 

Gen'eralty, s. the generality ; the whole. 

Gen'eralness, s. tho state of being general. 



Gen'erant, a. begetting or producing : s. the 
power that produces or begets. 

Gen'erate, v. to beget, to cause, to produce. 

Genera'tion, s. offspring, progeny, race. 

Gen'erative, a. fruitful, prolific, productive. 

Generator, s. one who produces. 

Generic, a. pertaining to the genus. 

Generlcally, ad. with regard to the genus. 

Generosity, s. magnanimity, liberality. 

Gen'erous, a. liberal, munificent, noble. 

Gen'erously,«c£. nobly, bountifully, liberally. 

Gen'erousness, s. quality of being generous. 

Gen'esis, s. the first book of Moses, which 
treats of the creation of the world. 

Gen'et, s. a small well-made Spanish horse. 

Genethli'ac, Genethli'acal. a. pertaining to 
the art of calculating nativities. 

Gene'va, s. a spirit distilled from grain or 
malt, with juniper berries. 

Ge'nii, s. the name given to a supposed class 
of supernatural beings ; fairies. 

Ge'nial, a. contributing to propagation ; na- 
tural ; enlivening, festive. 

Ge'nially, ad. in a genial manner. 

Genie'ulated, a. knotted, jointed. 

Ge'nio, [It.] s. a man of peculiar mind. 

Genital, a. pertaining to generation. 

Genitive, a. one of the cases in Latin gram- 
mar, corresponding to the possessive in 
English. 

Genltor, s. a sire ; a father. 

Gcnlture, s. generation, birth. 

Ge'nius, s. the inborn bent or disposition of 
the mind ; great mental power, particularly 
that of invention; a person of great in- 
ventive or intellectual power ; nature. 

Genteel', a. polite, elegant, graceful, civil. 

Genteelly, ad. elegantly, gracefully, politely. 

Genteel'ness, s. elegance, politeness. 

Gen'tian, s. a bitter tonic plant. 

Gen'tile, s. a pagan, a heathen. 

Gen'tilish, a. heathenish, paganish. 

Gen'tilism, s. paganism, heathenism. 

Gentility, s. good extraction ; dignity of 
birth ; elegance of behaviour ; gentry. 

Gen'tilize, v. to live like a heathen. 

Gentili'lious, a. peculiar to a nation. 

Gen'tle, a. soft, mild, meek ; well-born. 

Gen'tlefolk, J. persons distinguished by their 
birth or fortune from tho commonalty. 

Gen'tleman, s. a man raised above the vulgar 
by birth, education, office, or fortune. 

Gen'tlemanlike, a. becoming a gentleman. 

Gen'tlemanliness, s. gentlemanly behaviour. 

Gen'tl email ly, a. polite, well-bred. 

Gen'tleness, s. mildness, tenderness. 

Gen'tlewoman, s. a lady. 

Gently, ad. softly, meekly, inoffensively. 

Gentoo', j. an aboriginal inhabitant of Hin- 
dostan ; a follower of the Bramins. 

Gentranel'la, s. gentian ; also a blue color. 

Gen'try, s. a class of people above the vulgar. 

Genufiec'tion, s. the act of kneeling. 

Gen'uine, a. true, real, natural, not spurious. 

Gen'uinely, ad. without adulteration ; natu- 
rally, truly. 

Gen'uineness, s. purity; natural state. 

Ge'nus, *. a class of beings, comprehending 
under it many species. 

Geocen'tric, a. having the earth for its centre. 

Geodae'sia, *. art of measuring superficies. 



GEO I 

©©'ode, s. a mineral incrustation; earth-stone. 
Geog'rapber, s. one skilled in geography. 
Geographical, a. pertaining to geography. 
Geographically, ad. in a geographical man- 
ner, according to geography. 
Geography, j. a description of the earth's 

surface, productions, &c. 
Geolo"gical, a. relating to geology. 
Geol'ogist, s. one who understands the nature 

and principles of geology. 
Geoi'ogy, s. the doctrine of the interior 

structure of the earth. 
Ge'omancy, 5. the art of foretelling by figures 

or lines drawn on the earth. 
Geoman'tic, a. pertaining to geomancy. 
Geometrician, s. one skilled in geometry. 
Geomet'rical , Geom et'ric, a .pertaining to geo- 
metry, according to geometry. 
Geometrically, ad. according to geometry. 
Geom'etrize, v. to perform geometrically. 
Geom'etry, s. the science which treats of the 

dimensions of lines, surfaces, and solids ; 

mensuration. 
Geopon'ics, s. pi. the science of so applying 

labour to the earth as to increase its fertility. 
George, s. an ornament worn by knights of 

the garter, on which is the figure of St. 

George on horseback. 
Geor'gic, s. a rural or pastoral poem : a. 

belonging to husbandry. 
Geor'gium Sidus, s. the planet Uranus. 
Gera'nium, s. a green-house flower. 
Ger'falcon, s. a bird of prey. 
Germ, Ger'men, *. a sprouting seed. 
Ger'man, a. sprung from the same germ or 

stock ; nearly related. 
Ger'man, a. and s. belonging to Germany ; a 

native of Germany. 
Germa'ne, a. nearly allied, natural. 
German'ic, a. pertaining to Germany. 
Germanism, s. an idiom of the German 

language. 
Germ'inal , a. pertaining to a germ or seed-bud. 
Ger'minant, a. sprouting, branching. 
Germinate, if. to sprout, to shoot, to bud. 
Germina'tion, 5. the act of sprouting ; growth. 
Ger'und, s. a verbal noun partaking of the 

nature of a participle. 
Gest, *. a deed ; an action; a representation. 
Gesta'tion, s. the act of bearing ; pregnancy. 
Ges'tatory, a. that may be carried or worn. 
Ges'tie, a. pertaining to deeds ; legendary. 
Gestic'ulate, v. to make gestures ; to act. 
Gesticulation, J. the act of gesticulating ; 

gesture ; antio tricks or postures. 
Gestic'ulatory, a. exhibiting postures. 
Gesture, s. action or posture of the body. 
Get, v. to obtain, acquire, win, learn. 
Get'ting, s. the act of obtaining ; acquisition. 
Gew'gaw, s. a showy trifle ; a toy, a bauble : 

a. showy without value. 
Ghast'ful, a. frightful, dreadful, dismal. 
Ghast fully, ad. frightfully. 
Gbast'liness, s. frightful aspect, paleness. 
Ghast'ly, a. like a ghost, deadly pale. 
Gher'kin, s. a small cucumber for pickling. 
Ghost, s. the soul ; a spirit or apparition. 
Gho'stlike. a. ghastly ; having an unearthly 

appearance. 
Gbo'stlineps, s. spiritual tendency. 
Gho'stiy, a. spiritual, relating to the soul. 



12 



GIP 



I Gi'ant, *. a man unnaturally large and tall • 

a. of extraordinary size and streugtb. 
■ Gi'antess, s. a female giant. 
I Gi'antlike, a. gigantic, huge, vast. 
! Gib'ber, v. to speak inarticulately. 
Gib'berish, s. unintelligible talk; cant words. 
Gib'bet, s. a gallows : v. to bang up. 
Gibbosity, s. convexity ; protuberance. 
Gibbous, a. humped, protuberant ; convex. 
Gib'bousness, s. protuberance, convexity. 
Gib'cat, s. an old worn-out cat. 
Gibe, s. a sneer, a scoff; a sarcasm. 
Gibe, v. to scoff; to ridicule ; to taunt. 
Gi'ber, s. an utterer of sarcastic reflections. 
• Gi'bingly, ad. sarcastically ; scornfully. 
! Gib'lets, s. the pinions and parts of the viscera 

of a goose which arc usually taken from it 

before roasting. 
Gid'dily, ad. unsteadily; heedlessly. 
j Gid'diness, s. the state of being giddy. 
. Gid'dy, a. whirling, heedless, inconstant. 
I Gid'dy-brained, a. thoughtless, careless. 
| Gid'dy-headed, a. heedless, unsteady. 
Gift, s. a thing given ; power or faculty ; a 

bribe : v. to endow with any power or 

faculty. 
Gift'ed, a. endowed with eminent powers. 
Gift'edness, s. the state of being gifted. 
Gig, s. any thing that is whirled round in 

play ; a light kind of carriage ; a light 

boat ; a harpoon. 
Gigante'an, a. like a giant; irresistible. 
Gigan'tic, a. giantlike, big, enormous, bulky. 
Gig'gle, s. a sort of tittering laugh : v. to 

laugh idly; to titter. 
Gig'gler, s. a laugher; a titterer. 
Gig'lot, s. a girl of light manners. 
Gild, v . to overlay with gold ; to adorn. 
Gild'er, s. one who gilds. 
Gild'ing, s. thin gold laid on any surface ; 

the art of overlaying with gold. 
Gill, s. one of the apertures for breathing in 

fishes; the flap below the beak of a fowl ; 

a man's double chin. 
Gill, s. a measure ; ground-ivy ; a wench. 
Gillyflower, s. the July flower. 
Gilse, s. a young salmon. 
Gilt, s. gold laid on the surface. 
Gilt, p. and a. for gilded. 
Gim'bal, s. the brass ring of a mariner's 

compass. 
Gim'crack, s. a trivial mechanism ; a toy. 
Gim'let, Gim'blet, s. a nail-piercer or borer. 
Girn'mal, s. some device or machinery. 
Gimp, s. a kind of silk twist or lace. 
Gimp, a. nice, spruce, trim. 
Gin, s. a trap, a snare. 
Gin, s. an abbreviation of Geneva. 
Gin'ger, s. a warm spicy Indian root. 
Gingerbread, s. a kind of bread made of 

flour, ginger, treacle, &c. 
Gin'gerly, ad. cautiously, nicely, softly. 
Ging'ham, s. a kind of striped cotton cloth. 
Gin'gival, a. belonging to the gums. 
Gin'gle, s. a shrill, tinkling noise : v. to 

make a tinkling noise. 
Gin'giymoid, a. like a ginglymus or hinge. 
Gip'sy, Gypsy, s. one of a vagabond race 

popularly supposed tohave come originally 

from Egypt; a reproachful name for a 

woman of dark complexion. 



GIR 



113 



GLO 



Giraffe, s. the camelopard. 

Gir'asol, s. a plant ; a kind of mineral. 

Gird, v. to bind round, to encircle, to invest ; 

to gibe, to taunt. 
Gird'er, s. the largest timber on a floor. 
Gir'dle, s. any thing tied round the waist : v. 

to bind as with a girdle. 
Gird'ler, s. one who girdles or makes girdles. 
Girl, s. a female child or young woman. 
GirlTiood, s. the state of being a girl. 
Girl'ish, a. acting like a girl ; youthful. 
Girl'ishly, ad. in the manner of a girl. 
Girl'ishness, s. levity ; the manners of a girl. 
Girt, v. to gird, to encompass. 
Girth, s. a broad belt by which the saddle is 

fixed upon a horse ; a bandage : v. to bind 

with a girth. 
Gist, s. the main point of a question. 
Git'tern, s. a guitar : v. to play on a gittern. 
Give, v. to bestow, to yield, to grant. 
Giv'er, s. one that gives, a donor, a grantor. 
Gives. See Gyves. 
Giv'ing, s. the act of conferring. 
Giz'zard, s. the muscular stomach of a fowl. 
Gla'brous, a. smooth, like baldness. 
Gla'cial, Gla'cious, a. icy, made of ice, frozen. 
Gla'ciate, v. to turn into ice. 
Gla'ciers, s. pi. extensive fields of ice, such 

as those among the hollows of the Alps. 
Gla'cis, s. in fortification, a sloping bank. 
Glad, a. cheerful, gay, exhilarating. 
Glad, Glad'den, v. to make glad, to delight. 
Glade, s. a lawn or opening in a wood. 
Glad'iator, s. a prize-fighter, a sword-player. 
Gladiato'rial, a. relating to prize-fighters. 
Glad'ly, ad. joyfully, with merriment. 
Glad'ness, s. joy, exultation, cheerfulness. 
Glad'some, a. delightful, joyous, gay. 
Glad'soinely, ad. with joy ; with pleasure. 
Glad'someness, s. joy, pleasure. 
Glair, s. the white of an egg ; slime : v. to 

smear with the white of eggs. 
Glab/y, a. like glair ; slimy. 
Glance, s. a sudden shoot of light ; a darting 

of the eye ; a rapid view : v. to shoot a 

sudden ray ; to cast the eye over ; to fly 

off obliquely, as a refracted ray of light. 
Glan'cingly, ad. obliquely ; transiently. 
Gland, s. an organ of the human body, de- 
signed to separate or secrete some fluid 

from the blood. 
Glan'dered, a. affected with glanders. 
Glan'ders, s. a disease of the glands in horses, 

in which corrupt matter runs from the nose. 
Glandiferous, a. bearing acorns and mast. 
Gland'iform, a. resembling a gland. 
Glan'dular, a. consisting of glands. 
Gland'ule, s. a small gland. 
Glandulos'ity, s. a collection of glands. 
Gland'ulous, a. pertaining to the glands. 
Glare, s. overpowering lustre, splendor: v. 

to shine so as to dazzle the eyes. 
Gla'riug, a. blazing out ; notorious. 
Gla'ringly, ad. openly ; clearly; notoriously. 
Glass, *. an artificial transparent substance : 

a. made of glass, vitreous : v. to cover 

with glass ; to glaze. 
Glass'blowor, s. one who forms or fashions 

glass by blowing. 
Glass'ful, s. as much as a glass holds. 
Glass'furnace, s. a place for making glass in. 



Glass'grinder, s. one who polishes glass. 
Glass'house, .v. a house where glass is made. 
Glass'iness, s. smoothness like glass. 
Glass'like, a. resembling glass. 
Glass'man, s. one who sells glass. 
Glass'metal, s. glass in fusion. 
Glass'works, s. a manufactory of glass. 
Glass'wort, s. a plant used in making glass. 
Glass'y, a. made of glass, resembling glass. 
Glaub'er-salt, s. a cathartic, sulphate of soda. 
Glauco'ma, s. a disease of the eye. 
Glau'cous, a. of a gray or blue color. 
Glave, s. a broad-sword, a falchion. 
Glaze, v. to furnish or cover with glass. 
Gla'zier, s. one who glazes windows. 
Gla'zing, s. a vitreous incrustation. 
Gleam, s. a sudden shoot of light ; lustre : 

v. to shine suddenly, to flash. 
Gleam'ing, a. shining, flashing, darting. 
Gleam'y, a. flashing ; darting light. 
Glean, v. to pick up ears of corn ;' to gather 

any thing thinly scattered. 
Glean'er, s. one who gleans after reapers. 
Glean'ing, s. the act of gleaning ; the thing 

gleaned or picked up. 
Glebe, s. turf, soil ; laud possessed as part of 

the revenue of an ecclesiastical benefice. 
Gle'by, Gle'bous, a. turfy, cloddy. 
Glee, s. joy, merriment, gaiety, cheerfulness. 
Glede, s. a rapacious bird, the kite. 
Glee'ful, a. gay, merry, cheerful. 
Gleek, s. music; a scoff: v. to gibe. 
Glee'man, s. a musician, a minstrel. 
Glee'some, a. full of merriment ; joyous. 
Gleen, v. to shine with heat or polish. 
Gleet, s. a thin matter issuing from ulcers : 

v. to ooze ; to flow slowly. 
Gleet'y, s. ichorous ; thin ; limpid. 
Glen, s. a valley, a dale. 
Glene, s. the socket of the eye ; the hollow 

part of a bone. 
Glib, a. smooth, voluble, slippery. 
Glib'ly, ad. smoothly, volubly. 
Glib'ness, s. smoothness, volubility. 
Glide, v. to flow gently, to move smoothly. 
Glim'mer, s. faint splendor ; weak light : v. 

to shine or appear faintly. 
Glim'mering, s. a weak, faint light. 
Glimpse, s. a faint light ; a short view : •». 

to appear by glimpses. 
Glis'ten, v. to shine, to sparkle with light. 
Glis'ter, s. lustre, glitter. 
Giis'ter, v. to shine ; to be bright. 
Glis'teringly, ad- with shining lustre. 
Glit'ter, v. to shine, to gleam, to sparkle. 
Glit'ter, Glit'tering, s. lustre, brightness. 
Glit'teringly, ad. with sparkling lustre. 
Gloat, v. to express fondness by the looks. 
Glo'bed, a. formed like a globe. 
Globe, s. a sphere ; the earth : v. to gather 

into a circle. 
Globo'se, Glo'bous, Glob'ular, Glob'ulous. a. 

spherical, round, formed like a sphere. 
Globos'ity, s. roundness of form, sphericity. 
Glob'ule, s. a little globe; a small particle 

of a globular figure. 
Glo'by, a. round, orbicular. 
Glom'erate, v. to gather into a ball. 
Glomera'tion, s. the act of forming into a 

ball ; a round mass. 
Glom'erous, a. gathered into a ball or sphere. 



GLO 



114 



GOL 



Gloom, s. imperfect darkness • obscurity ; 
heaviness of mind, cloudiness of aspect : 
v. to shine obscurely ; to be sullen. 

Glooni'ily, ad. dimly, dismally, sullenly. 

Gloom'iness, s. want of light ; obscurity ; 
want of cheerfulness ; cloudiness of look. 

Gloom'y, a. obscure, melancholy, cloudy. 

Gloriation, s. boast ; triumph. 

Glo'ried, a. illustrious, honorable. 

Glorification, 5. the act of giving glory. 

Glo'rify, v. to make glorious, to exalt. 

Glo'rifying, p. extolling ; worshiping. 

Glo'rious, a. noble, illustrious, excellent. 

Glo'riously, ad. nobly, renownedly. 

Glo'ry, s. honor, praise, renown, fame : v. to 
boast in, to be proud of. 

Glo'rying, s. exultation ; a boasting. 

Gloss, v. to explain by comment ; to palliate ; 
to make smooth and shining. 

Gloss, s. a comment ; superficial lustre ; a 
specious representation. 

Gloss'arist, Gloss'ist, s. a writer of glossaries. 

Glossa'rial, a. relating to a glossary. 

Gloss 7 ary, s. a vocabulary or dictionary ex- 
plaining obscure or antiquated words. 

Gloss'iness, s. the lustre of a smooth surface. 

Gloss'y, a. shining, bright, smooth. 

Glottis, s. the aperture of the larynx, serv- 
ing for the formation of the voice. 

Glove, s. a cover for the hand. 

Glove, v. to cover as with a glove. 

Glov'er, J. one who makes or sells gloves. 

Glow, v. to shine without flame ; to be 
heated ; to be ardent ; to be strongly ani- 
mated. 

Glow, *. shiuing heat, vividness of color. 

Glow'ing, a. shining, resplendent. 

Glow'worm, s. a small grub that shines in 
the dark. 

Gloze, v. to talk smoothly ; to flatter ; to 
wheedle. 

Glue, s. a thick viscous cement, made by 
boiling the skins of animals to a jelly. 

Glue, v. to join with glue ; to join. 

Glu'eboiler, s. a maker of glue. 

Glu'ey, a. viscous, glutinous. 

Glu'eyness, s. the quality of being gluey. 

Glum, a. gloomy, sullen. 

Glut, v. to swallow ; to cloy, to saturate. 

Glut, s. overabundance, more than enough. 

Gluten, 5. the fibrous matter of vegetables. 

Glutinous, a. gluey, viscous, tenacious. 

Glu'tinousness, s. viscidity ; tenacity. 

Glutton, s. one who eats to excess ; an ani- 
mal remarkable for voracity. 

Glut'tonise, v. to eat like a glutton. 

Gluttonous, a. given to excessive feeding. 

Gluttonously, ad. in a gluttonous manner. 

Gluttony, s. excess in eating, voracity. 

Glyph, s. in architecture or sculpture, an 
ornamental cavity. 

Gnarl, v. to growl, to snarl. 

Gnarl'ed, a. full of knots, knotty. 

Gnash, v. to grind the teeth in a rage. 

Gnasii'ing, s. a grinding of the teeth. 

Gnat, s. a small winged stinging insect. 

Gnat'-worm, s. the larva of a gnat. 

Gnaw, v. to bite off by little and little ; to 
bite in agony or rage ; to wear away by 
biting : to corrode. 

Gneiss, s. in geology, a kind of stone. 



Gnome, s. one of those beings, fabled to 
inhabit the inner parts of the earth, and 
to guard its component substances. 

Gno'mical, a. containing maxims or reflec- 
tions ; sententious. 

Gno'mon, j. the hand or pin of a dial. 

Gnomon'ics, s. the science or art of dialling. 

Gnomonol'ogy, s. a treatise on dialling. 

Gnostic, a. pertaining to the Gnostics. 

Gnosticism, s. the heresy of the Gnostics. 

Gnostics, s. pi. an early sect in Christian 
history that pretended to extraordinary 
knowledge and illumination. 

Gnu,*, a large animal of the antelope species. 

Go, v. to walk, proceed, travel, pass. 

Goad, s. a pointed stick to drive oxen with . 

Goad, v. to prick, to stimulate, to incite. 

Goal, s. a starting-post ; final purpose. 

Goar, s. any edging sewed upon cloth ; a 
slanting piece inserted to widen a garment. 

Goat, s. a ruminant animal that seems of a 
middle species between deer and sheep. 

Goat-chafer, s. a kind of beetle. 

Goat-fish, s. a fish of the Mediterranean Sea. 

Goat'herd, s. one who tends goats. 

Goat'ish, a. rank in smell ; salacious. 

Gob'bet, s. as much as can be swallowed at 
once: v. to swallow. 

Gob'ble, v. to swallow large pieces ; to swal- 
low hastily ; to make a noise in the throat 
as in swallowing. 

Go'between, s. one that transacts business by 
running between two parties. 

Gob'let, s. a bowl or large cup. 

Gob'lin, s. an evil spirit, a fairy, an elf. 

Go'-by, s. a passing by ; an evasion. 

Go'cart, *. a thing to teach children to walk. 

GOD, s. the Supreme Being; the Creator. 

God'child, s. a child for whom one becomes 
sponsor at baptism. 

God'-daughter, s. she for whom one becomes 
sponsor at baptism. 

God'dess, s. a female heathen divinity. 

God'father, s. a male sponsor in baptism. 

God'head, s. the Deity, the Divine Nature. 

God'less, a. wicked, impious, atheistical. 

God'lessness, s. the state of being impious. 

Godlike, a. divine, supremely excellent. 

God'lily, God'ly, ad. piously ; righteously. 

God'liness, s. piety to God, real religion. 

God'ly, a. pious, righteous, religious. 

God'mother, s. a female sponsor in baptism. 

God'send, s. an unexpected and valuable gift. 

God'ship, s. deity ; divinity. 

God'son, s. a boy for whom one was sponsor. 

God'speed, s. good speed, success. 

Go'er, s. one that goes ; a runner ; a walker. 

Gog'gle, v. to roll or strain the eyes. 

Gog'gle-eyed, a. having full or prominent 
eyes, which are constantly in motion. 

Gog'gles, *. pi. glasses to protect the eyes, or 
to cure squinting ; blinds for horses. 

Go'ing, s. the act of walking, departure. 

Goitre, s. a large tumor in the neck. 

Goitrous, a. of the nature of a wen. 

Gold, s. a precious metal, used as coin: a 
made of gold. 

Go'ldbeater, s. one who beats or foliates gold. 

Go'ldbound, a. encompassed with gold. 

Go'ldcn, a. made of gold; bright, happy. 

Go'idfinch, s. a small singing bird. 



GOL 

Goldfish, s. a small gold-colored fish. 
Goldlace, s. lace -wrought with gold. 
Go'ldproof, a. proof against bribery. 
Gold'size, s. a glue for burnishing gilding. 
Gold'smith, s. one who manufactures gold. 
Gold'wire, s. wire covered with thin gold. 
Golf, s. a game played with a ball and club. 
Golosh', s. a shoe worn over another. 
Gon'dola, s. a boat much used at Venice. 
Gondolie'r, s. an Italian boatman. 
Gone, p. p. of Go; past, lost, dead. 
Gon'falon, s. a standard, an ensign. 
Gong, s. a sort of metal drum. 
Goniom'eter, s. an instrument for measuring 

solid angles. 
Gonorrhee'a, s. a running or discharge in 

certain diseases. 
Good, s. the contrary to evil ; virtue. 
Good, a. proper, wholesome, sound, not evil. 
Good, ad. well, right, not amiss. 
Good'breeding, s. polite manners. 
Good-bye, ad. a contraction of God, or good 

be with you ; a familiar way of bidding a 

person farewell. 
Good-hu'mor, s. a cheerful temper of mind. 
Good-hu'mored, a. of a cheerful temper. 
Good'liness, s. beauty, grace, elegance. 
Good'ly, a. beautiful, graceful, gay, splendid. 
Good'man, s. a rustic term of compliment. 
Good-na'ture, s. habitual benevolence. 
Good-na'tured, a. habitually benevolent. 
Good'ness, s. excellence, benevolence. 
Goods, s. furniture, freight, merchandise. 
Good'wife, s. the mistress of a family. 
Good-will', s. benevolence ; kindness. 
Good'y, s. goodwife, goodwoman. 
Goose, s. a well known domestic water-fowl ; 

a tailor's smoothing iron. 
Goo'seberry, s. a well known fruit. 
Goo'seberryfool, s. food made of boiled 

gooseberries, with milk, sugar, &c. 
Goose'foot, s. a plant, the chenopodium. 
Goo'segrass, s. the name of certain plants. 
Gor'bellicd, a. fat, big-bellied, prominent. 
Gor'belly, s. a big paunch ; a swelling belly. 
Gor'cock, s. the moor-cock, or red game. 
Goi y dian-knot, s. an inextricable difficulty. 
Gore, s. clotted blood, congealed blood. 
Gore, v. to stab, to pierce with horns. 
Gorge, s. the throat, the swallow. 
Gorge, v. to swallow ; to glut, to satiate. 
Gor'ecous, a. fine, splendid, glittering. 
Gor'geously, ad. magnificently, finely. 
Gor'geousness, s. magnificence, show. 
Gor'get, s. a breast-plate worn by military 

officers ; formerly, armour for the throat. 
Gor'gon, s. a fabled monster, the sight of 

which turned beholders to stone. 
Gor'mrmd, Gour'mand, s. a greedy eater. 
Gor'mandize, v. to feed ravenously. 
Gor'mandizer, s. a voracious cater, a glutton. 
Gorse, s. furze, a thick prickly shrub. 
Go'ry, a. covered with blood; murderous. 
Gos'hawk, s. a hawk of a large kind. 
Gos'ling, s. a goose not yet full grown. 
Gos'pcl, s. the evangelical history of our Sa- 
viour ; the word of God. 
Gos'pcl, v. to fill with religious thought. 
Gos'pelize, v. to form according to the gospel, 
©os'peller, s. the clergyman that reads the 

gospel in a cathedral church. 



15 



GRA 



Gos'samer, s. the fine down of plants ; thin 

cobwebs which fiy in the air. 
Gos'samei y, a. like gossamer ; light ; flimsy. 
Gos'sip, s. a sponsor in baptism ; a tattler : 

v. to chat ; to tattle ; to be merry. 
Gos'siping, s. a meeting of gossips. 
Goth'amist, s. a wise man of Gotham ; a fool. 
Goth'ic, a. in manner of the Goths; antique. 
Goth'icise, v. to bring back to barbarism. 
Goth'icism, s. Gothic idiom or style. 
Goths, s. an ancient people of Scandinavia ; 

an ignorant person ; a barbarian. 
Gouge, s. a scooping chisel : v. to scoop out 

as with a gouge. 
Goulard', s. an extract of lead named from 

the inventor, used for inflammations. 
Gourd, s. a plant resembling a melon. 
Gour'diness, s. a swelling in a horse's leg. 
Gour'net, s. See Gurnard. 
Gout, s. a periodical painful disease ; a drop. 
Gou't, [Fr.] s. taste, relish. 
Gout'iness, s. the state of being gouty. 
Gout'y, a. afflicted or diseased with the gout. 
Govern, v. to rule, to manage, to direct. 
Gov'ernable, a. that may be ruled. 
Governance, s. government, rule, control. 
Governance, s. a governess of young ladies. 
Governess, s. a tutoress, a directress. 
Government, s. an establishment of legal 

authority; executive power ; management; 

regularity of behaviour. 
Gov'ernor, s. a ruler, a commander, a tutor. 
Governorship, s. the office of a governor. 
Gowk. See Gawk. 
Gown, s. a long upper garment. 
Gowns'man, s. a man devoted to the arts of 

peace ; a student in divinity, law, &c. 
Grab'ble, v . to grope, to sprawl. 
Grace, s. favor, kindness, virtue, privilege, 

pardon; Divine influence on the mind; 

elegance, beauty, ornament ; a title of 

honor; a short prayer before or after meat 
Grace, v. to dignify, embellish, favor. 
Grace-cup, s. the cup or health used after 

grace. 
Gra'ceful, a. beautiful with dignity, comely. 
Gra'cefully, ad. elegantly, with dignity. 
Gra'cefulness, s. elegance of manner. 
Gra'celess, a. void of grace, abandoned. 
Gra'celessly, ad. without grace. 
Gra'celessncss, s. quality of being graceless. 
Gra'cile, a. slender, small, lean. 
Gracil'ity, s. slenderness, smallness. 
Gra'cious, a. merciful, virtuous, graceful. 
Gra'ciously, ad. mercifully ; kindly. 
Gra'ciousness, s, kind condescension. 
Grada'tion, s. a regular advance, order. 
Grad'atory, s. a flight of steps to the church. 
Grad'atory, ad. proceeding step by step. 
Grade, s. rank, degree ; a step. 
Gra'dicnt, a. moving by steps : s. deviation 

from a level to an inclined plane. 
Grad'ual, a. done by degrees; step by step. 
Gradual'ity, Graduation, s. a regular pro- 
gression by succession of degrees. 
Grad'ually, ad. by degrees ; step by step. 
| Grad'uate, v .to mark or divide into degrees ; 

to become a graduate. 
Grad'uate, s. one who has taken a degree in 

a university; an academician. 
Grad'uateship, s. the state of a graduate. 



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Graduation, s. regular progression by suc- 
cession of degrees ; conferring degrees. 

Grad'uator, s. an instrument for dividing 
any line into equal parts. 

Graff, *. a ditch or moat. 

Graft, s. a young shoot or scion propagated 
by insertion in the stem of another tree. 

Graft, v. to insert a scion or branch of one 
tree into the stock of another. 

Graft'er, s. one who raises fruit by grafting. 

Grain, s. all kinds of corn ; the seed of any 
fruit; a small weight; direction of the fibres 
of wood, &c. ; the form of the surface with 
regard to roughness or smoothness ; a 
minute particle ; the heart ; the temper. 

Grain'ed, a. rough, made less smooth. 

Graining, s. indentation. 

Grains, s. pi. the husks of malt in brewing. 

Gramin'eal, Gramin'eous, a. grassy. 

Graminiv'orous, a. grass-eating. 

Gram'mar, s. the elemental parts of learning ; 
the art or science of speaking or writing a 
language correctly ; the book from which 
it is taught. 

Gram'mar, a. belonging to grammar. 

Gramma'rian, s. one versed in grammar. 

Gram'mar-scnool,*. a school where languages 
are grammatically taught. 

Grammatical, a. belonging to grammar. 

Grammatically, ad. according to grammar. 

Grammat'icise, v. to render grammatical. 

Gram'matist, s. a grammatical pedant. 

Gram'pus, s. a large fish of the whale kind. 

Gran'am, Gran'dam, s. a grandmother. 

Granary, s. a storehouse for threshed corn. 

Grand, a. great, illustrious, high in power. 

Grand'child, s. the child of a son or daughter. 

Grand'daughter, s. the daughter of a son or 
daughter. 

Grandee', s. a man of high rank or power. 

Grandec'ship, s. the rank, &c. of a grandee. 

Gran deur, s. state magnificence. 

Grandcvlty, tf. great age ; length of life. 

Grande'vous, a. long-lived, of great age. 

Grandfather, s. father's or mother's father. 

Grandif 'ic, a. making great. 

Grandil'oquence, s. a lofty style of speech. 

Graudil'oquous, a. using a lofty style. 

Grand'ly, ad. splendidly, sublimely. 

Grand'mother,*. father's or mother's mother. 

Grand'ness, s. magnificence ; grandeur. 

Grand'sire, s. a grandfather ; an ancestor. 

Grand'son, s. the son of a son or daughter. 

Grange, s. a farm-house ; a lone house. 

Granif erous, a. bearing or producing grain. 

Gran'ite, *. a hard and very durable stone. 

Granit'ic, a. consisting of granite. 

Graniv'orous, a. eating or living on grain. 

Grant, v. to admit, to allow, to bestow. 

Grant, s. the thing granted; a gift, a boon. 

Grant'able, a. that may be granted. 

Grantee', *. he to whom a grant is made. 

Gran'tor, s. he by whom any grant is made. 

Gran'ular, a. resembling grains or seeds. 

Gran'ulate, v. to form into small grains. 

Granula'tion, s. act of breaking into grains. 

Gran'ule, s. a small grain or particle. 

Gran'ulous, a. full of little grains. 

Grape, s. fruit of the vine growing in clusters. 

Gra'peless, a. wanting the flavor of a grape. 

Gra'peskot, s. shot discharged in clusters. 



Gra'postone, s. the seed of the grape. 
Graph'ic, Graphical, a. well delineated. 
Graphically, ad. in a picturesque manner. 
Graphom'eter, s. a mathematical instrument, 

called also a semicircle. 
Grapliel, s. a grappling-iron ; a small anchor. 
Grap'ple, s. close contest ; a grappling-iron : 

v. to contest in close fight, as wrestlers ; to 

seize ; to lay fast hold of. 
Grap'pling-irons, s. pi. irons appended to a 

balloon, for the purpose of securing it in 

its descent ; an instrument by which a ship 

fastens on another in close action. 
Gra'py, a. full of clusters of grapes. 
Grasp, v. to hold in the hand, to seize : s. tho 

seizure of the hand ; possession. 
Grasp'cr, s. one who grasps or lays hold of. 
Grass, s. the common herbage of the fields. 
Grass'hopper, s. a small chirping insect that 

hops in the summer grass. 
Grass-plot, s. a small plot covered with grass. 
Grass' y, a. covered with grass. 
Grate, s. an enclosure made with bars ; the 

range of bars within which fires are made. 
Grate, v. to rub or wear away ; to fret. 
Gra'teful, a. willing to acknowledge and 

repay benefits ; agreeable, acceptable. 
Gra'tefully, ad. with gratitude, pleasingly. 
Gra'tefulncss, s. the quality of being grateful 

or pleasant to the senses ; gratitude. 
Gra'ter, s. a rough instrument to grate with. 
Gratifica'tion, s. pleasure, delight ; reward. 
Gratlfler, s. one who gratifies or delights. 
Gratify, v. to indulge, to please, to requite. 
Gra'ting, a. harsh ; disagreeable. 
Grating, s. the bars of a grate. 
Gra'tingly, ad. harshly, offensively. 
Gratis, ad. for nothing, without reward. 
Gratitude, s. a desire to return benefits. 
Gratuitous, a. voluntary ; bestowed without 

claim or merit ; asserted without proof. 
Gratuitously, ad. without claim or merit. 
Gratuity, s. a free gift, a recompense. 
Grat'ulatc, v. to congratulate, to wish joy. 
Gratula'tion, s. the act of rejoicing on behalf 

of another ; expression of joy. 
Grat'ulatory, a. expressing congratulation. 
Grave, s. the place in which the dead are 

deposited ; the name of an accent. 
Grave, a. solemn, sober, serious, not showy. 
Grave, v. to carve in any hard substance. 
Gra've-clothcs, J. the dress of the dead. 
Gra've-digger, s. the person who digs graves. 
Grav'el, s. hard sand ; sandy matter concreted 

in the kidneys and bladder. 
Grav'el, v. to cover with gravel ; to puzzle. 
Gra'velcss, a. without a tomb ; unburied. 
Grav'clly, a. abounding with gravel. 
Gra'vcly, ad. seriously, without tawdry show. 
Grave'ncss, s. seriousness, solemnity. 
Grav'eolcnt, a. emitting an offensive smell. 
Gra'ver, s. one that engraves ; a graving tool. 
Gra'vestonc, s. a stone placed over a grave. 
Gravid, Gravldated, a. pregnant. 
Gravida'tion, Gravidity, s. pregnancy. 
Gra'ving, s. carved work ; an impression. 
Gravitate, v. to weigh or press downwards ; 

to tend to the centre of attraction. 
Gravita'tion, s. the act of tending to the 

centre ; the force by which bodies are 

attracted. 



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Grav'ity, s. weight ; tendency to the centre 

of attraction ; seriousness. 
Gra'vy, s. the juice of roasted meat, &c. 
Gray, a. white, with a mixture of black ; 

hoary, diisky : s. a gray color. 
Gray 'beard, s. an old man. 
Gray'headed, a. having gray hair ; aged. 
Gray'ish, a. somewhat gray. 
Gray'ling, s. the umber ; a fish. 
Gray'wacke, s. a kind of sandstone. 
Graze, v. to feed on grass ; to touch lightly. 
Gra'zier, s. one that feeds cattle. 
Gra'zing, s. tho act of feeding on grass. 
Grease, s. fat in a soft state ; a disease in the 

legs of horses. 
Grease, v. to smear with fat ; to bribe. 
Grea'sily, ad. as with grease. 
Grea'siness, s. fatness, oiliness, unctuousness. 
Grea'sy, a. oily, fat, smeared with grease. 
Great, s. large, eminent, illustrious. 
Greatheart'ed, a. high-spirited ; magnani- 
mous ; heroic. 
Great'ly, ad. in a great degree, illustriously. 
Great'ness,*. largeness, power, dignity, state. 
Greaves, s. armour for the legs. 
Gre'cian, 5. a native of Greece ; one versed 

in Greek : a. pertaining to Greece. 
Gre'cizo, v. to translate or speak Greek. 
Gre'cism, s. an idiom of the Greek language. 
Greece, s. the name of a country. 
Grcc'dily, ad. eagerly, voraciously. 
Gree'diness, s. ravenousness ; eagerness. 
Gree'dy, a. ravenous, eager, voracious. 
Greek, s. a native of Greece, or its language : 

a. belonging to Greece. 
Greek'ling, s. a beginner in Greek. 
Greek'rose, s. the flower campion. 
Green, a. verdant ; immature ; young ; in- 
experienced ; fresh : *. a verdant color ; a 
grassy plain or plat. 
Green'broom, s. a plant, a shrub. 
Gfeen'cloth, s. a board or court of justice 

held in the king's household. 
Green'eyed, a. having greenish eyes; jealous. 
Green'finch, s. a small singing bird ; a fish. 
Green'gage, s. a luscious kind of plum. 
Green'grocer, s. a seller of vegetables. 
Green'horn, s. a raw youth. 
Green'house, s. a conservatory for plants. 
Green'ish, a. inclining to a green color. 
Green My, ad. with a green color; newly. 
Grecn'ness, s. freshness ; immaturity. 
Green'stone, s. a kind of granular rock. 
Green'sward, s. turf on which grass grows. 
Green'wood, s. a wood as it appears in leaf. 
Greet, v. to congratulate, to address. 
Greeting, s. a kind of salutation at meeting. 
Grega'rian, a. of the common sort ; ordinary. 
Grega'rious, a. going in flocks or herds. 
Grega'riously, ad. in a flock or herd. 
Grega'riou.-mes3, s. living in herds. 
Grego'rian, a. belonging to the style or me- 
thod of computing time instituted by Pope 
Gregory XIII. in 1582. 
Gre'mial, a. belonging to the lap or bosom. 
Grena'de, Grena'do, s. a little hollow ball of 

iron, filled with powder, &c. 
Grenadier', s. a tall foot soldier. 
Grey. See Gray. 

Grey'bound, .?. a tall fleet hunting dog. 
Grid'dle, s. a broad pan for baking cakes. 



Grid'elin, a. of a purplish color. 

Grid'iron, s. a kind of grate to broil meatots. 

Grief, s. sorrow, trouble of mind ; harm. 

Grief 'ful, a. full of grief or sorrow. 

Grie'vance, s. a hardship ; an injury. 

Grieve, v. to afflict, to hurt, to mourn. 

Grie'vous, a. afflictive, painful, atrocious. 

Grie'vously, ad. painfully, calamitously. 

Grie'vousness, s. sorrow ; pain ; calamity. 

Griffin, Grif'fon, s. a fabulous creature, 
having the head and paws of a lion, and 
the body and wings of an eagle. 

Grig, s. a small lively eel. 

Grill, v. to broil on a gridiron. 

Grilla'de, s. anything broiled on the gridiron. 

Grim, a. fierce-looking, ugly, hideous. 

Grima'ce, s. a distortion of face ; affected air. 

Grimal'kin, s. an old cat. 

Grime, s. dirt : v. to dirty, to daub, to sully. 

Grim'faced, a. having a stern face. 

Grim'ly, ad. horribly, hideously, fiercely. 

Grim'ness, s. sternness of countenance. 

Gri'my, a. full of grime, dirty. 

Grin, s. an affected laugh ; a snarl ; a trap : 
v. to show the teeth set together. 

Grin'ner, s. one that grins. 

Grind, Q . to reduce any thing to powder ; to 
sharpen, to harass, to oppress. 

Gri'nder, s. one that grinds ; the instrument 
for grinding ; a back or double tooth. 

Grind'stone, s. a stone for grinding on. 
Gripe, v. to clutch, to squeeze, to pinch : *. 

a grasp ; oppression; the cholic. 
Gri'per, s. an oppressor, an extortioner. 
Gri'ping, s. pain arising from cholic. 
Gris'amber, s. used by Milton for ambergris. 
Griset'te, s. the wife or daughter of a trades- 
man in France ; a shop-girl. 
Gris'kin, s. the back-bone of a hog. 
Gris'ly, a. frightful, horrible, hideous. 
Grist, s. corn to be ground ; supply. 
Gris'tle, s. a cartilaginous substance ; a part 

of the body next in hardness to the bone. 
Gris'tly, a. full of gristles, cartilaginous. 
Grit, s. the coarse part of meal ; sand. 
Grit'tiness, s. sandiness, abounding in grit. 
Grit'ty, a. containing grit ; sandy. 
Griz'zle, s. a mixture of white; and black. 
Griz'zled, Griz'zly, a. somewhat gray. 
Groan, v. to breathe or sigh as in pain : *. a 

deep sigh from sorrow or pain. 
Groan'ing, s. an expression of deep pain. 
Groat, s. four-pence. 

Groats, s.pl. oats hulled or coarsely ground. 
Gro'cer, s. a dealer in tea, sugar, &c. 
Gro'cery, ,v. wares which are sold by grocers. 
Grog, *. a mixture of spirits and water. 
Grog'blossom, s. a bloteh or redness on tho 

face of those who drink to excess. 
Grog'gy, a. a little intoxicated, tipsy. 
Grog'ram, s. a kind of silken stuff with pile. 
Groin, s. the abdominal part next the thigh. 
Groom, s. one who tends horses, a servant. 
Groove, s. a hollow channel cut with a tool : 

v. to cut into a groove. 
Grope, v. to feel where one cannot see. 
Gro'per, s. one that searches in the dark. 
Gross, a. thick, fat, stupid, palpable. 
Gross, s. the bulk, main body ; 1'2 dozen. 
Gro'ssbeak, s. a bird with a thick beak. 
Gro'sshcaded, a. having a thick skull. 



GEO 



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Gro'ssly, ad. bulkily ; -without delicacy. 

Gro'ssnoss. $. coarseness, want of delicacy. 

Grot, Grot'to, s. a cavern made for coolness. 

Grotesque, a. distorted in figure ; fantastic. 

Grotes'quely, ad. in a fantastical manner. 

Grove, s. a small wood. 

Grov'el, v. to be mean and low-minded; to 
lie or creep on the ground. 

Grov'eller, s. an abject mean wretch. 

Grov'elling, a. mean, without dignity. 

Ground, s. the earth, land ; bottom, founda- 
tion, or that on which something is raised: 
pi. reasons for acting ; first principles ; 
dregs or lees : v. to lay on the ground ; to 
fix as on a foundation, to settle. 

Ground'age, s. tax paid for a ship in port. 

Ground'ash, s. a ground shoot of ash. 

Ground'bait, s. br.it that sinks to the bottom. 

Ground'fioor, s. the lower floor of a house. 

Ground'ivy, s. the plant alehoof. 

Groundless, a. without grounds, without 
foundation, void of reason. 

Ground 'lessly, ad. without cause or reason. 

Groundlessness, s. want of just reason. 

Gound'ling, s. a fish that keeps at the bot- 
tom ; one of the vulgar. 

Ground'oak, s. a sapling or shoot of oak. 

Ground'pine, s. a plant, germander. 

Ground'plot, s. the plot or space of ground 
on which a building is placed. 

Ground'rent, s. the rent paid for the ground 
on which a house is built, &c. 

Ground'sel, s. timber next the ground; a 
well-known plant. 

Ground'work, s. the work which forms the 
foundation ; first principles. 

Group, s. a crowd, a cluster, a huddle. 

Group, v. to put into groups. 

Grouping, s. the art of combining and ar- 
ranging objects in a picture. 

3-rouse, s. a kind of wild fowl ; a moorcock. 

Grout, s. coarse meal, pollard ; dregs. 

Grow. v. to vegetate, to increase, to improve. 

Grow'or, s. one that grows ; a large farmer. 

Gj >.- I. v. to snarl, to murmur, to grumble : 
s. the noise made by a surly dog. 

Growl'er, s. a snarling cur : a grumbler. 

Growling, s. the act of snarling, grumbling. 

Growth, s. vegetatiou ; increase of stature ; 
advancement ; thing produced. 

Grub, v. to destroy by digging, to dig out. 

Grub, s. a small destructive worm ; a dwarf. 

Grub'axe, s. a tool used in grubbing up roots. 

Grub'ber, s. one who digs or roots up. 

Grub'ble, v. to grope or feel in the dark. 

Grudge, v. to envy, to repine, to give un- 
willingly. 

Grudge, s. an old quarrel, ill-will, envy. 

Grudg'ing, s. reluctance, malignity. 

Grudgingly, ad. unwillingly, malignantly. 

Gru'el, s. oatmeal boiled in water. 

Gruff, a. surly, harsh, stern. 

Gruffly, ad. harshly, ruggedly, sourly. 

Gruff' ness, s. harshness of look or voice. 

Grum, a. surly. See Grim. 

Grum'blc, v. to growl, to murmur, to snarl. 

Grum'bler, s. one who grumbles, a mur- 
murer ; a discontented person. 

Grum'bling, s. a murmuring, discontent. 

Grume, s. a coagulated fluid. 

Grumly, ad. morosely, in a sullen maimer. 



Gru'mous, a. thick, clotted like blood. 
Gru'mousness, s. a state of concretion. 
Grunt, s. the noise of a hog. 
Gruut, Grun'tle, v. to murmur like a hog, 

to make a grumbling noise. 
Grunt'er, 5. he who grunts ; a kind offish. 
Grunt'ling, s. a young hog. 
Grutch, v. See Grudge. 
Gua'iacum, s. a medicinal wood. 
Gua'no, s. a kind of manure. 
Guana'co, s. an animal of South America, a 

species of the camel sheep. 
Guarantee', j. one that undertakes to see 

stipulations faithfully performed : v. to 

warrant or answer for performance. 
Guar'anty, s. surety for performance. 
Guard, s. a state of caution ; defence ; that 

which defends, as a body of soldiers ; part 

of the hilt of a sword. 
Guard, v. to watch ; to protect ; to defend. 
Guard'able, a. that may be protected. 
Guard'ant, a. having the face turned to- 
wards the spectator. 
Guard'edly, ad. in a cautious manner. 
Guard'edncss, s. caution ; wariness. 
Guard'ful, Guard'ed, a. wary; cautious. 
Guard'ian, s. one who has the care of an 

orphan ; a protector ; a superintendent. 
Guard'ian, a. defending, superintending. 
Guardianship, s. the ofiice of a guardian. 
Guard'less, a. without defence or care. 
Guard'room, s. a room for the use of soldiers 

who are " ou guard." 
Guard'ship, s. a ship that guards a harbour, 
Gua'va, s. an American fruit. 
Guberna'tion, s. government ; direction. 
Guber'native, Gubernato'rial, a. governing. 
Gud'genn, s. a fish ; a man easily cheated. 
Guer'doii, ,s. a reward ; a recompense. 
Guerilla, s. a Spanish free soldier, or armed 

mountaineer. 
Guess, v. to conjecture rightly, to find out. 
Guess, s. a conjecture, a supposition. 
Guess'er, s. one who judges by conjecture. 
Guest, s. one who is entertained by another. 
Gug'gle. v. See Gurgle. 
Gui'dable, a. that may be guided. 
Gui'dage, s. the reward given to a guide. 
Gui'dance, s. direction, government. 
Guide, v. to direct, to regulate, to instruct. 
Guide, s. one who directs another. 
Gui'dcless, a. without a guide. 
Guild, j. a society, a corporation, a fraternity. 
Guild'able, a. liable to a guild or contribution. 
Guild'hall, s. the hall of a corporation. 
Guild'ry, s. members of a guild. 
Guile, s. deceitful cunning, insidious artifice. 
Guileful, a. treacherous, insidious, artful. 
Guilefully, a. deceitfully, treacherously. 
Guilefulncss, 5. secret treachery ; cunning. 
Guileless, a. free from deceit, innocent. 
Guilclcssness, s. simplicity, innocence. 
Guilloti'nc, s. a machine for beheading : v. 

to decapitate by the guillotine. 
Guilt, s. an offence, a crime, a fault. 
Guiltily, ad. in a guilty manner ; criminally. 
Guiltiness, .y. the state of being guilty. 
Guiltless, a. innocent, free from crime. 
Guiltlessly, ad. innocently, without guilt. 
Guiltlessness, s. freedom from crime. 
Guilt'y, a. not innocent, corrupt, wicked. 



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Guin'ea, s. a gold coin, value 2\s., originally- 
made of gold from Guinea. 

Guin'ea-hen, s. a large kind of fowl of a 
gray color with white spots. 

Guin'ea-pepper, s. capsicum, or red pepper. 

Guin'ea-pig, s. the cavy, a quadruped. 

Guise, s. manner, habit, custom, dress. 

Guitar, 5. a stringed musical instrument. 

Gules, s. in heraldry, a red color. 

Gulf, s. a large bay, an abyss, a whirlpool. 

Gulf'y, a. full of gulfs or whirlpools. 

Gull, v. to cheat, to defraud, to trick. 

Gull, s. a sea bird ; one easily cheated. 

GuH'catcher, s. one who cheats simpletons. 

Gul'let, s. the passage for food in the throat. 

Gullibility, s. extraordinary credulity. 

Gul'ly, s. a channel, a ditch, a gutter. 

Gul'lyhole, s. the hole where the gutters 
empty themselves into the sewers. 

Gulos'ity, s. greediness, gluttony, voracity. 

Gulp, v. to swallow eagerly with noise. 

Gulp, s. as much as is swallowed at once. 

Gum, s. the viscous juice of trees ; the fleshy 
covering that contains the teeth. 

Gum, v. to close or smear with gum. 

Gum'-arabic, s. the gum of the acacia. 

Gum'-boil, s. a boil on the gum. 

Gum'lac, s. a kind of drug. See Lac. 

Gum'miness, s. the state of being gummy. 

Gum'mous, a. of the nature of gum. 

Gum'my, a. consisting of gum, full of gum. 

Gump'tion, s. (vulgarly) understanding, tact. 

Gum'-resin, s. a mixture of gum and resin. 

Gun, s. a musket or fowling-piece ; the 
general name for all fire-arms except a 
pistol. 

Gun'-barrel, 5. the metal tube of a gun. 

Gun'-boat, s. a boat equipped with a gun. 

Gun'ner, s. a cannonier ; he who directs the 
artillery of a ship in battle. 

Gun'nery, s. the science of artillery. 

Gun'powder, s. composition of saltpetre, 
sulphur, and charcoal, which easily takes 
fire, and explodes with a report. 

Gun'-roorn, s. the room under the great cabin, 
generally used by the master-gunner. 

Gun' shot, s. the reach or range of a gun : a. 
made by the shot of a gun. 

Gna'snaitn, s. a man who makes guns. 

Gnn'stick, s. a wooden ramrod. 

Gun'stock, s. the wood for fixing a gun in. 

Gun'stone, 5. the shot of a cannon. 

Gun'wale, Gnu'nel, s. the toale or timber 
which reaches from the half-deck to the 
forecastle of a ship, and from which the 
guns are pointed (if the vessel carry any). 

Gurge, s. a whirlpool, a gulf. 

Gur'gle, v. to fall or gush with noise. 

Gurliard, Gur'net, s. a kind of sea-fish. 

Gush, s. a forcible emission of liquor. 

Gush, v. to flow or rush out with violence. 

Gus'set, s. a small angular piece of cloth 
used in shirts and other garments. 

Gust. s. sudden blast of wind ; taste, liking. 

Gust'able, a. pleasant to the taste. 

Gusta'tion, s. the act of tasting. 

Gust'atory, a. pertaining to the taste. 

Gust'ful, a. well tasted, tasteful, relishing. 
Gus'to, s. the relish of any thing ; liking. 
Gust'y, a. stormy, tempestuous, rough. 
Gut, t. the internal passage for food. 



Gut, v. to draw out the guts; to plunder. 
Gut'ta sere'na, [Lat.] s. a disease of the eye* 
Gut/fa?, [Lat.] s. pi. little cones or drops. 
Gut'tated, a. ornamented with drops. 
Gut'ter, s. a passage or channel for water 
Gut'ter, v. to cut in small hollows. 
Gut'tle, v. to gormandize, to eat greedily. 
Gut'tler, s. a greedy ravenous eater. 
Gut'tulous, a. in the form of small drops. 
Gut'tural, a. pronounced in the throat. 
Gut'tu rally, ad. in the throat. 
Gut'ty, a. (in heraldry) sprinkled with drops. 
Gut'wort, s. a plant. 

Guy, s. a rope to hoist things into a ship. 
Guz'zle, v. to drink greedily. 
Guz'zler, s. a great drinker. 
Gymna'sium, s. any place expressly set apart 

for practising athletic exercises. 
Gym'nast, 5. one who teaches or practises 

athletic exercises. 
Gymnas'tic. a. relating to athletic exercises. 
Gymnas'tically, ad. athletically. 
Gymnas'tics, s. pi. athletic exercises. 
Gym'nical ; -Gym'nic, a. pertaining to athletio 

exercises. 
Gymnics, 5. athletic or gymnastic exercises. 
Gymnos'ophist, s. one of a sect of Indian 

philosophers who go naked. 
Gym'nosperim. s. a plant with naked seeds. 
Gymnosperm'ous, a. having the seeds naked. 
Gynan'drian, a. (in botany) having stamens 

inserted in the pistil. 
Gyn'archy, *. female government. 
Gynaj'cium, s. a private apartment for women. 
Gynecoc'racy, *. petticoat government. 
Gynoc'racy, *. female government. 
Gyp'seous, a. of the nature of gypsum. 
Gyp'sum, s. the name of a class of fossils. 
Gypsy. See Gipsy. 
Gy'ral, a. whirling, moving circularly. 
Gyra'tion, s. the act of turning a thing round. 
Gy'ratory, a. moving in a circle. 
Gyre, s. a circle, a ring : v. to turn round. 
Gy'red, a. falling in rings. 
Gyr' falcon, s. a species of hawk. 
Gyr'omancy, s. a sort of divination, per- 
formed by walking in or round a circle. 
Gyve, 5. a fetter, a chain for the legs : v. to 

fetter, to shackle. 

H. 

Ha! interj. an expression of wonder, sur- 
prise, sudden exertion, or laughter. 

Hab'erdasher, s. a dealer in small wares. 

Hab'erdashery, s. goods sold by a haber- 
dasher, as pins, thread, lace, tape, &c. 

Hab'erdine, s. a dried salt cod. 

Hab'crgeon, s. armour for neck and breast. 

Hab'ile, a. active, nimble ; fit, proper. 

Habil'iment, s. dress, clothes, apparel. 

liability, s. See Ability. 

Hab'it, s. state of any thing ; dress ; custom. 

Hab'it, v. to dress, to clothe, to array. 

Hab'itable, a. fit to be inhabited. 

Hab'itableness, s. capacity of being made 
habitable. 

Habitant, s. an inhabitant, a dweller. 

Habita'tion, s. a place of abode, dwelling. 

Habit'ual, a. customary, accustomed. 

Habit'ually, ad. customarily, by habit. 

Habrfuate, v. to accustom ; to make familiar. 



HAB 



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Habitude, s. long custom, habit, state. 

Hab'nab, ad. at random, by chance. 

Hack, v. to cut into small pieces, to chop. 

Hack, s. a notch ; a horse kept for hire. 

Hack'le, s. an instrument for dressing flax. 

Hack'le, v. to dress flax. 

Hack'ney, s. a hired horse : a. let out for hire. 

Hack'ney, v. to practise in one thing. 

Hack'ney-coach, s. a coach let out for hire. 

Had'dock. s. a small sea fish of the cod kind. 

Hade, s. the steep descent to a mine. 

Ha'des, s. the receptacle of departed spirits. 

Haemop'tysis, s. the spitting of blood. 

Haemati'tes, s. the bloodstone. 

Haemat'ocele, s. a tumor filled with blood. 

Haemato'sis, s. the power of making blood. 

Haft, J. a handle : V. to set in a haft. 

Hag, s. a witch, an ugly old woman, a fury. 

Hag'gard, s. any thing wild ; a hawk. 

Kag'gard, a. lean, pale, deformed, ugly. 

Hag'gis, s. a sheep's maw filled with mince- 
meat, spice, &c, a favorite Scotch dish. 

Hag'gish, a. deformed, horrid. 

Haggle, v. to beat down the price in buy- 
ing ; to carve awkwardly, to mangle. 

Hag'gler, j. one who is tardy in buying. 

Hagiog'rapha. s. pi. the books of Scripture. 

Hagiog'raphal,«. pertaining to holy writings. 

Hag'-ridden, a. afflicted with the nightmare. 

Hail, s. frozen rain : interj. health be to you. 

Hail, v. to pour down hail. 

Hail, v. to salute; to call to. 

Hail'shot, s. a small shot scattered like hail. 

Hail'stone, s. a particle or single ball of hail. 

Hair, s. one of the teguments of the body. 

Hair'bell, s. a flower; the hyacinth. 

Hair'breadth, s. a very small distance. 

Hair'eloth, s. a prickly stuff made of hair. 

Hairiness, $. the state of being hairy. 

Hair'less, a. destitute of hair, bald. 

HairV, a. covered with or consisting of hair. 

Hake, s. a kind of sea fish. 

Hal 'herd, s. a soldier's battle-axe. 

Halberdier', s. one armed with a halberd. 

Hal'cyon, j. a sea bird : a. placid, quiet, calm. 

Hale, a. healthy, hearty, robust, sound. 

Hale, v. to dra? by force, to pull violently. 

Half, s. a moiety, equal part : ad. equally. 

Half-blooded, a. degenerate, base. 

Half-bred, a. mongrel, mean, mixed. 

Half-hatched, a. imperfectly hatched. 

Half-heard, a. imperfectly heard. 

Half-moon, *. the moon at the quarter, 
when half appears illuminated. 

Half-pay, s. half the amount of salary : a. 
receiving or entitled to half-pay. 

Halfpenny, s. a common copper coin. 

Half-sighted, a. short or weak sighted. 

Half-way, ad. in the middle. 

Half-wit, s. a foolish fellow, a blockhead. 

Half-witted, a. weak in intellect; silly. 

Hal'ibut, s. a large flat sea fish. 

Hal'imass, s. the feast of All Souls, Nov. 2. 

Hal'itous, Halit'uou3, a. vaporous, fumous. 

Hal'itus, [Lat.] s. breath, vapor, a gasp. 

Hall, s. a court of justice ; a large room. 

Hallclu'jah, s. a song of thanksgiving. 

Halliards, s. pi. the ropes or tackle for hoist- 
ing or lowering a sail. 

Hal'lier, 5. a net for catching birds. 

Hal'loo, v. to incite by shouts, to shout to. 



n dog9. 
holy. 



Halloo', s. the shout or cry to set on 

Hal'low, v. to consecrate, to make holyl 

Hallu'cinate, v. to blunder, to mistake. 

Hallucination, s. a blunder, a mistake. 

Halo, s. a circle round the sun or moon. 

Halse. j. the neck ; the throat. 

Hal'ser, Haw'ser, s. a small cable-rope. 

Halt, v. to limp ; to stop in a march. 

Halt, j. the act of limping : a. lame, limping. 

Halt'er, s. a rope to tie about the neck of a 
horse or malefactor ; a cord. 

Halt'er, v. to bind with a cord. 

Haltingly, ad. in a slow manner. 

Halve, v. to divide into two equal parts. 

Ham. s. a leg of pork cured ; the thigh. 

Ham'adryad, s. a fabled wood-nymph. 

Ham'ate, a. entangled or hooked together. 

Ham'ble. v. to cut the sinews of the thigh. 

Ha'mated, a. hooked, set with hooks. 

Hame, s. the collar by which a horse draws 
in a waggon. 

Ham'let, s. a small village. 

Ham'mel, v. to hamstring ; to hough. 

Ham'mer, s. an instrument to drive nails. 

Ham'mer, v. to beat or form with a hammer. 

Ham'mercloth, s. the cloth on a coach-box. 

Ham'merer, s. he who works with a hammer. 

Ham'merwort, s. an herb. 

Hammochry'sos, s. a gold-spangled stone. 

Ham'mock, s. a swinging bed in a ship. 

Ham'per, s. a large basket for carriage. 

Ham'per, v. to embarrass, to entangle. 

Ham'string, 5. the tendon of the ham. 

Ham'string, v. to cut the tendon of the ham. 

Ht n'aper, s. a treasury ; an exchequer. 

Hand, s. the palm with the fingers ; a mea- 
sure of four inches ; cards held in a game. 

Hand, v. to give, to deliver down ; to guide, 

Hand'ball, s. an ancient game with a ball. 

Hand'barrow, s. a frame on which any thing 
is carried by the hands of two men. 

Hand'basket, s. a portable basket. 

Hand'bell, s. a bell rung by the hand. 

Hand'bow, s. a bow managed by the hand. 

Hand'breadth, s. a measure of four inches. 

Hand'cuff, v. to confine the hands of pri- 
soners with irons : s. a manacle. 

Hand'cd, a. with hands joined, using hands. 

Hand'fast, *. custody ; power of keeping : 
a. fast as by contract. 

Hand'ful, s. as much as the hand can grasp. 

Hand'gallop, s. gentlo easy gallop. 

Hand'glass, s. a glass used by gardeners for 
protecting various plants. 

Hand-grena'de, s. a grenade thrown by hand. 

Hand'gun, s. a gun wielded by the hand. 

Handicraft, 5. a manual occupation. 

Handicraftsman, s. a manufacturer. 

Handily, ad. with skill, with dexterity. 

Handlness, s. readiness, dexterity. 

Handiwork, s. work done by the hand. 

Hand'kerchief, s. a kerchief usually held in 
the hand. 

Han'dlc, v. to feel with the hand, to treat of. 

Han'dle, j. that part of a thing held. 

Handless, a. wanting a hand. 

Handling, s. touch, execution ; cunning. 

Hand'maid, Hand'maidcn, s. a maid-servant. 

Hand'mill, j. a small mill for grinding. 

Hand'sails, s. pi. sails managed by the band. 

Hand'saw, s. a saw manageable by the hand. 



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Hand'sel, v. to use a tiling the first time. 
Hand'sel, s. the first act of using a thing. 
Hand'sorne, a. becoming, beautiful, generous. 
Hand'somely, ad. beautifully, liberally. 
Hand'someness, s. beauty ; grace ; elegance. 
Hand'spike, s. a kind of wooden, lever. 
Hand'staff, s. a javelin. 
Hand'vicc, j. a vice to hold small work in. 
Hand'writing, s. a cast or form of writing 

peculiar to each hand. 
Hand'y, a. ready, dexterous, convenient. 
Hand'yblow, s. a blow with the hand. 
Hand'y dandy, s. a play among children. 
Hand'ygripe, s. seizure by the hand. 
Hang, v. to suspend ; to choke ; to dangle. 
Hang'er, s. a short broad sword ; that by 

which any thing hangs. 
Hang'er-on, s. a dependent, a spunger. 
Hang'ing, s. death by the halter. 
Hangings, s. pi. drapery hung against walls. 
Hang'man, s. the public executioner. 
Hank, s. a skein of thread ; a tic, a loop. 
Hank'er, v. to hang after, to long for. 
Hank'ering, s. strong desire ; longing. 
Hanseat'ic, a. relating to the Hanse Towns. 
Hap, s. chance, casual event : v. to happen. 
Haphaz'ard, s. mere chance, accident. 
Hap'less, a. unhappy, unfortunate, luckless. 
Hap'iy, ad. perad venture, by accident. 
Hap'pen, v. to fall out, to come to pass. 
Hap'pily, ad. success fully, prosperously. 
Hap'piuess, s. felicity, good fortune. 
Hap'py, a. felicitous; lucky; opportune. 
Harang'ue, .?. a speech, a public oration. 
Harang'ue, v. to make a speech in public. 
Harang'uor, s. an orator ; a public speaker. 
Har'ass, v. to weary, to fatigue, to vox. 
Har'asser, s. a spoiler ; one who harasses. 
Har'binger, s. a forerunner, a messenger. 
Har'bour, s. a port or haven. 
Har'bour, v. to lodge, to entertain, to shelter. 
Har'bourage, s. a place of shelter. 
Har'bourer, s. one who shelters another. 
Har'bourless, a. being without lodging. 
Hard, a. compact, firm ; obdurate ; difficult. 
Hard, ad. laboriously; quickly; earnestly. 
Hard'earned, j». anda. earned with difficulty. 
HaTd'en, v. to make obdurate, to indurate. 
Hard'ener, s. whatever makes hard and firm. 
Hard'ening, 5. the giving a greater degree of 

hardness to a thing. 
Hardfa'vorcd, a. coarse of feature. 
Hardfa'voredness, s. coarseness of feature. 
Hard'featured, a. having coarse features. 
Hard'fisted, a. covetous ; close-handed. 
Hard'fought, a. vigorously contested. 
Hard'gotten, a. obtained with difficulty. 
Hardheart'ed, a. inexorable, merciless, cruel. 
Hardheart'edness, s. want of tenderness. 
Hardihood, s. stoutness ; bravery. 
Hard'ily, ad. stoutly ; with great boldness. 
Hardiness, s. stoutness, confidence, boldness. 
Hardla'boured, a. much studied ; elaborate. 
Hardly, ad. with difficulty, oppressively. 
Hard'mouthed, a. disobedient to the rein. 
Hard'ness, s. the state of being hard. 
Hard'nibbod, a. having a hard nib or point. 
Hard'ship, s. injury, oppression, fatigue. 
Hard'^visaged, a. of a harsh countenance. 
Hard ware, s. ware made of iron, steel, &o. 
Hard'wareman, s. a maker of hardware. 



Har'dy, a. strong, firm ; bold, brave. 
Haie, s. a well-known swift timid animal. 
Ha'rebell, s. a bell-shaped blue flower. 
Ha'rebrained, a. wild, giddy, volatile. 
Ha'refoot, .y. a bird ; an herb. 
Ha'rehound, a - , a hound for hunting hares. 
Ha'rehunting, s. the hunting of hares. 
Ha'relip, s. a fissure in the upper lip. 
Ha'relipped, a. having a divided upper lip, 
Halem, s. a seraglio. 
Ha're's-ear, s. a wild plant. 
Ha'rewort, s. a plant. 
Ha'ricot, s. a ragout of meat and roots. 
Hariola'tion, *. soothsaying 0* divining. 
Hark ! interj. hear ! listen ! attend '. 
Harlequin, s. a buffoon, a merry-andrew. 
Harlequina'de, s. a feat of buffoonery. 
Harlot, s. a prostitute. 
Harlotry, s. the practice of a harlot. 
Harm, v. to hurt ; to injure ; to damage. 
Harmat'tan, a\ a dry easterly wind in Africa 

that destroys vegetation. 
Har'mel, s. the wild African rue. 
Harml'ul, a. hurtful, noxious, mischievous. 
Harm'fully, ad. injuriously, detrimentally. 
Harm'fulness, s. noxiousness ; injury. 
Harmless, a. without harm, innocent. 
Harmlessly, ad. innocently ; without crime; 
Harinlessness, s. ha;raless disposition. 
Harmonic, Harmonlcal, a. pertaining to 

harmony ; adapted to each other. 
Harmonica, s. a set of musical glasses. 
Harmonically, ad. musically. 
Harmonics, s. the doctrine of sounds. 
Harmo'nious, a. concordant, musical. 
Harmo'niously, ad. with concord, musically. 
Harmo'niousness, s. concord ; musicalness. 
Harlnonist, a. one skilled in harmony. 
Har'monize, v. to be in concord ; to agree ; 

to adjust. 
Har'monizer, s. one who harmonizes. 
Har'mony, s. concord ; just proportion ot 

sound ; agreement ; correspondence of 

sentiments. 
Har'ness, s. the furniture of a draught-horse ; 

armour ; warlike accoutrements. 
Har'ness, v. to put on harness. 
Harp, s. a musical instrument ; a constella- 
tion : v. to play on the harp ; to dwell on. 
Harp'er, Harpist, s. a player on the harp. 
Harping, s. a continual dwelling on. 
Harplng-iron, s. a harpoon ; a bearded dart. 
Har'poon, s, a dart to strike whales with: 

v. to strike with a harpoon. 
Harpoon'er, s. he that throws the harpoon. 
Harp'sichord, s. a harp with wire strings 

played by striking keys. 
Har'py, s. in heathen mythology, a rapacious 

bird or winged monster ; an extortioner. 
Har'quebuss, s. an arquebuse ; a hand-gun. 
Harlidan, s. a decayed strumpet. 
Har'rier, s. a hound for hunting hares. 
Har'row, *. a frame of timber set with iron 

teeth, to break clods and cover seed. 
Har'row, v. to break with the harrow; to 

tear or rip up ; to pillage, to lay waste. 
Harlower, s. one who harrows ; also a kind 

of hawk. 
Harly, v. to tease, vex, rob, plunder. 
Harsh, a. austere, rough, rigorous, severe. 
Harshly, ad. austerely, rigorously. 
G 



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122 



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Harsh'ncss, s. roughness, sourness, seTerity. 

Hart, s. the male of the roe, a stag. 

Hart'royal, s>. a species of plant. 

Harts'horn, s. a spirit drawn from the horns 
of a hart or stag ; a plant. 

Hart'wort, s. an umbelliferous plant. 

Harum-scarum, a. wild, giddy, hair-brained. 

Har'vest, s. the season of reaping and gather- 
ing in the corn ; the ripe corn when ga- 
thered and secured ; the produce of labour ; 
effects or consequences : v . to gather in. 

Har'vester, s. one who works at the harvest. 

HarVest-home, s. the song or feast at the 
end of harvest. 

Har'vest-lord, s. the head reaper. 

Har'vestman, .?. a labourer in harvest. 

Har'vest-moon, s. that lunation about har- 
vest time, when the moon at full rises ! 
nearly at the same hour for several nights. I 

Ha/vest-queen, s. an image dressed up on | 
the last reaping-day, to represent Ceres. 

Hash, v. to mince or chop into small pieces 

Hash, s. a dish of hashed ingredients. 

Hasp, *. a clasp folded over a staple. 

Hasp, v. to shut or fasten with a hasp. 

Has'sock, s. a mat or cushion to kneel on. 

Has'tated, a. (in botany) spear-shaped. 

Haste, Ha'sten, v. to hurry, to urge on. 

Haste, s. speed, quickness, hurry. 

Ha'stener, 5. one that hastens. 

Ha'stily, ad. in a hasty manner. 

Ha'stiness, s. quickness, warmth of temper. | 

Ha'stings, s. peas that ripen early. 

Ha'sty, a. sudden, quick ; rash, vehement. 

Hastypud'ding, s. milk and flour boiled. 

Hat, s. a covering for the head. 

Hat'band, s. a band round the hat. 

Hat'box, Hat'case, s. a slight box for a hat. 

Hatch, v. to produce young from eggs ; to 
plot or contrive ; to shade by lines in en- 
gravings and drawings. See Hatching. 

Hatch, s. a brood ; a half-door ; the openings 
in a ship's deck (hatches). 

Hatch'el. Another form of the word Hackle. 

Hatoh'er, s. a contriver, a plotter. 

Hatch'et, s. a small axe. 

Hatch'et-face, *. a thin prominent face. 

Hatching, s. a process in drawing or engrav- 
ing, whence the usual term etching. 

Hatch'ment, s. an escutcheon for the dead. 

Hatch'way, s. the way through the hatches. 

Hate, v. to detest, to abhor, to abominate. 

Hate, Ha'tred, s. great dislike, ill-will. 

Ha'teful, a. malignant, malevolent. 

Ha'tefully, ad. odiously, abominably. 

Ha'tefulness, s. odiousness, malignity. 

Ha'ter, s. one that hates ; an abhorrer. 

Hat'ter, s. a maker of hats. 

Hau'berk, s. a coat of mail. 

Haugh, Haw, s. an enclosure. 

Hau'ghtily, ad. proudly, contemptuously. 

Hau'ghtiness, s. pride, arrogance. 

Hau'ghty, a. proud, lofty, disdainful. 

Haul, s. a hard pull ; violence in dragging. 

Haul, v. to pull, to drag by violence. 

Haulm, Haum, s. the stalk of corn, stubble. 

Haunch, s. the thigh, the hip, the hind part. 

Haunch'ed, a. having haunches. 

Haunt, v. to frequent habitually ; to come 
as an apparition; to come frequently and 
unwelcomely. 



Haunt, s. a place visited frequently au«J 
habitually. 

Haunt'ed, p. frequented, followed. 

Haunt'er, s. a frequenter of any place. 

Hau'tboy, [Fr.] s. a wind instrument resem- 
bling a clarionet ; also, a kind of large 
strawberry. 

Hauteu'r, [Fr.] s. pride, haughtiness. 

Haut-gou't, [Fr.] s. a strong relish or scent. 

Have, v. to possess, enjoy, receive, hold. 

Ha'ven, s. a harbour, a port, shelter. 

Ha'vener, s. an overseer of a port. 

Hav'ersack, s. a kind of coarse bag in which 
soldiers carry provisions. 

Having, s. the act of possessing. 

Hav'oc, s. devastation : v. to lay waste : 
interj. a word encouraging slaughter. 

Haw, s. the berry of the hawthorn ; a hesita- 
tion in the speech : v. to speak hesitat- 
ingly. 

Haw'haw, s. a fence or bank sunk between 
two slopes, not perceived till approached. 

Hawk, s. a rapacious bird. 

Hawk, v. to fly hawks at fowls ; to force up 
phlegm with a noise ; to cry goods. 

Hawk'ed, p. and a. carried about for sale. 

Hawk'er, s. a pedlar ; a news-carrier. 

Hawk'-eyed, a. having a keen eye. 

Hawking, s. the diversion of flying hawks. 

Hawk'-nosed, a. having an aquiline nose. 

Hawk'-weed, s. a kind of plant. 

Haw'ses, s. two round holes in the bow of a 
ship, through which the cables pass. 

Haw'thorn, s. the thorn that bears haws. 

Hay, s. grass dried in the sun. 

Hay, *. a kind of dance. 

Hay'cock, s. a heap of fresh hay. 

Hay'knife, s. a sharp instrument for cutting 
hay out of the stack. 

Hayloft, s. a loft or room for hay. 

Hay'raaker, s. one employed in making hay. 

Ha/market, s. a place for the sale of hay. 

Hay'mow, s. a heap of hay in a barn. 

Hay'rick, Hay'stack, s. a large cock of hay. 

Haz'ard, s. chance, danger ; a game at dice. 

Haz'ard, v. to expose to chance or danger. 

Haz'ardable, a. liable to chance, dangerous. 

Hazardous, a. exposed to chance, dangerous. 

Hazardously, ad. dangerously. 

Haz'ardry, s. temerity ; precipitation. 

Haze, s. a thick fog, a mist. 

Ha'zel, s. the nut-tree. 

Ha'zel, Ha'zelly, a. light brown, like hazel. 

Ha'zel-earth, s. a kind of red loam. 

Ha'zel-nut, s. the fruit of the hazel. 

Ha'zy, a. foggy, misty, dark. 

He, pr. the man, the person. 

Head, s. that part of the body which con- 
tains the brain; a chief; the top: a. 
principal or chief : v. to lead on ; to put 
on a head. 

Head'ed, a. having a head or top. 

Head'ache, s. a pain in the head. 

Head'band, s. a fillet for the head. 

Head'borough, s. a constable. 

Head'dress, *. the dress of a woman's head. 

Head'fast, s. a rope at the head of a vessel 
to fasten it to any object. 

Headlncss, s. rashness, stubbornness. 

Headland, s. a promontory, a cape. 

Headless, a. wanting a head, inconsiderate 



HEA 

Headlong, a. rash, precipitate, thoughtless : 

ad. with the head foremost, precipitately. 
Head'man, s. a chief, a leader. 
Headlnoney, s. a capitation tax. 
Head'most, a. most advanced, first. 
Head'piece, s. a helmet ; understanding. 
Head'ship, s. authority ; the chief place. 
Head-quar'ters, s. pi. the residence of the 

prin cipal offi cer or commander of an army. 
Head'-sea, s. the waves that meet at the head 

of a ship. 
Heads'man, s. one who decapitates criminals. 
Head'spring, s. fountain, source, origin. 
Head'stall, s. that part of a bridle which 

goes round the head. 
Head'stone, s. the chief stone ; a grave-stone. 
Head'strong, a. ungovernable, unrestrained. 
Head'-tire, s. attire or dress for the head. 
Head' way, 5. the motion of advancing at sea ; 

room for the head to pass. 
Head'y, a. testy, rash, precipitate. 
Heal, v. to cure a wound ; to reconcile. 
Heal'able, a. that may be healed. 
Heal'er, s. he or that which cures. 
Heal'ing, p. and a. mild, sanative, gentle. 
Health, s. freedom from pain or sickness. 
Health'ful, Health'some, a. free from sick- 
ness, well disposed, wholesome, salutary. 
Health'fulness, s. the state of being well. 
Health'ily, ad. without sickness or pain. 
Healthiness, s. a state of health; soundness. 
Health'less, a. sickly, infirm, weak. 
Health'y, a. free from sickness, in health. 
Heap, s. a pile, a confused mass. 
Heap, v. to pile, to accumulate, to heap up. 
Heap'er, s. one who piles up or amasses. 
Heap'y, a. lying in heaps. 
Hear, v. to perceive by the ear, to listen to. 
Hear'er, s. one who attends to any discourse. 
Heading, s. the sense by which sounds are 

perceived ; judicial trial ; audience. 
Heark'en, v. to listen, to attend, to regard. 
Heark'ener, s. a listener, one that hearkens. 
Hearsay, s. report, rumour, common talk. 
Hearse, s. a close carriage for conveying the 

dead to the grave. 
Hearse'cloth, s. a pall or cloth to cover a 

hearse. 
Hearse'like, a. suitable to a funeral. 
Heart, s. the seat of life in an animal body. 
Heart'ache, s. sorrow, anguish of mind. 
Heart'-appalling, a. dismaying the heart. 
Heart'-blood, s. the vital blood of life. 
Heart'-breaking, a. overpowering with grief. 
Heart'-broken, a. overpowered with grief. 
Heart'-burn, s. a burning pain proceeding 

from an acrid humour in the stomach. 
Heart'-burning, s. secret discontent. 
Heart'-dear, a. sincerely beloved. 
Heart'-ease, s. quiet ; tranquillity. 
Heart'-easing, a. giving quiet, consoling. 
Hearten, v. to encourage, to animate, to 

strengthen. 
Heart'ener, s. that which animates orstirsup. 
Heart'felt, a. felt at heart, felt deeply. 
Hearth, *. the place on which a fire is made. 
Hearth'-money, s. a tax upon hearths. 
Heart'ily, ad. sincerely, fully, from the heart. 
Heartiness, s. sincerity, zeal, eagerness. 
Heartless, a. spiritless ; without feeling. 
Heartlessly, *. without courage ; unfeelingly. 



123 



HED 



Heart'-rending, a. killing with anguish. 

HeaTt's'-ease, 5. a plant ; tranquillity. 

Heart'-sick, a. pained in mind ; mortally ill. 

Heart'-sore, a. sorrowing at heart. 

Heart'-strings, s. pi. the tendons or nerves 
supposed to brace and sustain the heart. 

Heart'-struck, a. driven to the heart. 

Heart'-swelling, a. rankling in the mind. 

Heart'-whole, a. with the affections un- 
touched ; with the vitals yet unimpaired. 

Heart'-wounded, a. filled with love or grief. 

Heart'y, a. healthy, strong, cordial, sincere. 

Heat, s. the sensation caused by fire or any 
thing hot ; hot weather ; violent passion ; 
a course at a race ; a fiush in the face. 

Heat, v. to make hot ; to warm with pas- 
sion ; to agitate. 

Heat'er, s. one who, or that which, heats. 

Heath, s. a wild shrub ; a place overgrown 
with heath ; a wild tract of country. 

Heath'-cock, s. a fowl that frequents heaths. 

Hea'then, s. a gentile, a pagan, an idolater. 

Hea'then, Hea'thenish, a. pagan, savage. 

Hea'thenishness, s. state of the heathens. 

Hea'thenism, j. paganism, gentilism ; the 
principles or practices of heathens. 

Hea'thenize, v. to render heathenish. 

Heath'er, s. Another word for Heath. 

Heath'pea, s. a species of bitter vetch 

Heath'y, a. full or covered with heath. 

Heave, s. a lift ; an effort to vomit. 

Heave, v. to lift, to raise ; to pant. 

Heav'en, s. the regions above ; the expans. 
of the sky; the residence of the blessed. 

Hea'ven-born, a. descended from heaven. 

Hea'ven-direoted, a. raised towards the sky. 

Hea'ven-gifted, a. bestowed by heaven. 

Heav'enliness, .v. supreme excellence. 

Heav'enly, a. supremely excellent, celestial. 

HeaVen-taught, a. instructed from above. 

Heav'enward, a. towards heaven, holy. 

Heav'er, s. one who heaves or lifts. 

Heavily, ad. with great weight ; sorrowfully. 

Heaviness, s. weight ; depression of mind. 

Hea'ving, s. a motion of the heart ; a swell. 

Heav'y, a. weighty ; dejected, sluggish. 

Hebdom'adal, Hebdom'adary, a. weekly. 

Heb'etate, v. to dull, to blunt, to stupify. 

Hebeta'tion, s. the state of being blunted. 

Heb'etude, s. bluntness, dulness, obtuseness. 

Hebraic, a. pertaining to the Hebrew tongue. 

He'braism, ,? . a Hebrew idiom. 

He'braist, s. a man skilled in Hebrew. 

He'brew, a. relating to the Jews. 

He'brew, s. a Jew ; the Jewish language. 

Hec'atomb, j. a sacrifice of a hundred cattle. 

Hec'tic, Hec'tical, a. habitual, constitu. 
tional ; morbidly hot; feverish. 

Hec'tic, *. a constitutional or hectio fever. 

Hec'tor, s. a bully ; a noisy fellow. 

Hec'tor, v. to vaunt ; to threaten insolently. 

Hec'torism, 5. the manners of a bully. 

Hec'torly, a. blustering ; insolent. 

Hedera'ceous, a. pertaining to ivy. 

He'deral, s. composed of or belonging to ivy. 

Hederif'erous, a. producing ivy. 

Hedge, s. a fence made of thorns, shrubs, &e. 

Hedge, v. to make a hedge, to enclose ; to 
hide or skulk ; to bet on both sides at 
horseraces. 

Hed'ge-bora, a. meanly born, low. obscure. 
Q 2 



HED 



124 



HER 



Hed'gehog, s. a quadruped set with prickles. 
Hedge-hys'sop, s. a species of willow-wort. 
Hed'gepig, s. a young hedgehog. 
Hed'ger, s. one who makes hedges. 
Hed'gerow, 5. trees planted for enclosures. 
Hedge-spar'row, s. a small bird that builds 

in hedges. 
Hedge-school, s. a school kept behind a 

hedge ; a low school. 
Hedg'e-writer, 5. a contemptible author. 
Hedging, 5. the act of making hedges. 
Hedg'ing-bill, s. a cutting-hook used in 

making hedges. 
Heed, v. to mind, to regard, to attend to. 
Heed, j. care, caution, seriousness. 
Heed'ful, a. watchful, cautious, careful. 
Heed'fully, ad. attentively ; carefully. 
Heed'fulncss, s. caution, vigilance. 
Heed'less, a. negligent, inattentive, careless. 
Heedlessly, ad. carelessly ; inattentively. 
Heedlessness, s. carelessness, negligence. 
Heel, s. the hind part of the foot. 
Heel'piece, v. to mend the heel of a shoe : 

s. a piece fixed on the heel of a shoe. 
Heft, s. that by which a thing is lifted or 

held, a handle. 
Hegi'ra, s. the epoch of the Turks, reckoned 

from the day Mahomet fled from Mecca. 
Heifer, s. a young cow. 
Heigh'hc ! interj. denoting languor, &c. 
Height, s. elevation, altitude. 
Height'en, v. to raise, to improve, to exalt. 
Height'ening, s. improvement by decorations. 
Hei'nous, a. very wicked, atrocious. 
Hei'nously, ad. wickedly, atrociously. 
Hei'nousness, j. great wickedness. 
Heir, s. one who inherits by law, a successor. 
Heir-appa'rent, s. the apparent successor to 

the throne. 
Heir'dom, s. succession by inheritance. 
Heir'ess, s. a female who inherits by law. 
Heirless, a. having no heir. 
Heir'loom, s. what descends with a freehold. 
Heir'ship, s. the state, &c. of an heir. 
Heli'acal, a. emerging from the lustre of the 

sun or falling into it. 
Helical, a. spiral, winding. 
Hellcite, s. a spiral shelled fossil. 
Heiiocen'tric, a. as seen from the centre of 

the sun. 
Heliotrope, s. the sunflower; a precious stone. 
Hell, s. the residence of wicked spirits. 
Hell'-bred, a. produced in hell. 
Hell'-doomed, a. consigned to hell. 
Hel'lebore, s. the Christmas flower ; a plant. 
Hellenic, a. Grecian ; heathen. 
Hellenism, s. an idiom 01 the Greek. 
Hellenist, s. one skilled in modern Greek. 
Hellenis'tic, a. belonging to Greece. 
Hellenize, v. to use the Greek language. 
Hell'-hound, s. an agent or dog of hell ; a 

wretch of the basest kind. 
Hellish, a. infernal, wicked, sent from hell. 
Hellishly, ad. infernally, very wickedly 
Hellishness, s. extreme wickedness; ab- 
horred qualities. 
Helm, s. the rudder ; a headpiece. 
Helm'ed, Hel'meted, a. wearing a helmet. 
Hel'met, s. covering for the head in war. 
Helmless, a. without a helm. 
Helms'man, s. he who manages the rudder 



Hel'ot, s. a Spartan slave ; a slave. 
Hel'otism, .?. slavery ; the condition of helots. 
Help, v. to assist, to support, to aid ; to 

remedy ; to prevent. 
Help, s. assistance, remedy, succour, support. 
Help'er, s. an assistant ; an auxiliary. 
j Help'ful, a. giving help, assisting, useful. 
' Help'fulness, s. assistance ; usefulness. 
Helpless, a. destitute of help ; irremediable. 
Helplessly, ad. without ability or succour. 
Helplessness, s. want of ability or succour. 
Help'mate, s. a companion, a partner. 
Hel'ter-skel'ter, ad. confusedly, in a hurry. 
Helve, j. the handle of an axe. 
Helvetic, a. of or relating to the Swiss. 
Hem, s. the edge of a garment folded down 

and sewed : v. to form a hem ; to shut in. 
Hem ! interj. a sort of voluntary half cough : 

v. to utter hems. 
Henilcrany, s. a pain that affects only one 

part of the head at a time. 
Hemisphere, s. the half of a globe. 
Hemispheric, Hemispheri'cal, a. half round. 
Hemistich, s. half a poetic verse. 
Hemltone, s. a semitone, a half tone. 
Hemlock, s. a narcotic plant used in physie. 
Hem'orrhage, s. a violent flux of blood. 
Hemorrhoidal, a. pertaining to the hemor- 
rhoids or piles. 
Hem'orrhoids, s. pi. the piles, the emerods. 
Hemp, s. a plant of which ropes are made. 
Hemp'en, a. made of hemp. 
Hen, s. the female of any land fowl. 
Hen'bane, s. a poisonous plant. 
Hence, ad. from this place, time, or cause. 
Hence ! interj. go hence ! begone ! 
Hence fo'rth, Hencefor'ward, ad. from this 

time forward. 
Hench'man, s. a page, an attendant. 
Hen'coop, *. a cage in which poultry are 

kept and fattened. 
Hendecasyllable, s. a line of eleven syllables. 
Hen'hearted, a. cowardly, dastardly. 
Hen'house, s. a place for sheltering poultry. 
Hen'na, *. a powder which some orientals 

use to dye their nails of a gold color. 
Hen'pecked, a. governed by a wife. 
Hen'roost, J. a place where poultry rest. 
Hepatic, Hepatlcal, a. belonging or relating 

to the liver. 
Hep'tachord, s. a musical instrument of 

seven strings. 
Heplagon, s. a figure having seven angles 

and sides. 
Heptag'onal, a. having seven angles or sides. 
Heptan'drian, a. having seven stamens. 
Heptan'gular, a. having seven angles. 
Hep'tarchy, s. a sevenfold government. 
Her, pron. belonging to a female. 
Her'ald, s. an officer whose duty is to carry 

messages between princes, and to regulate 

all matters at public ceremonies ; a pro« 

claimer, a harbinger. 
Her'ald, v. to introduce as by a herald. 
Heral'dic, a. relating to heraldry. 
Her'aldry, s. the art or office of a herald. 
Herb, s. a plant, chiefly of the esculent kind, 
Herba'ceous, a. relating to herbs. 
Herb'age, s. pasture, grass ; herbs in general. 
I Herb'aged, a. covered with grass. 
Herb'al, s a treatise or book of plants. 



HER 



125 



HID 



Herb'al, a. pertaining to herbs. 

Herb'alist, J. one skilled in herbs. 

Herba'rium. s. a hortus-siccus ; a herbary. 

Herb'ary, s. a garden of herbs. 

Herbes'cent, a. growing into herbs. 

Herb'id, a. covered -with herbs. 

Herblle, a. belonging to herbs. 

Herbiv'erous, a. bearing or producing herbs. 

Herb'less, a. having no herbs ; bare. 

Herb'orist, s. one curious in herbs. 

Herboriza'tion, s. the appearance of plants 
in mineral substances. 

Herb'orize, v. to search for plants. 

Herb'ous, a. abounding with herbs. 

Herb'ulent, a. containing herbs. 

Herb'-woman, s. a woman that sells herbs. 

Herb'y, a. having the nature of herbs. 

Hercu'lean, a. very strong ; difficult. 

Herd, s. a flock, a drove, a company. 

Herd, v. to run in herds ; to associate. 

Herds'man, s. one employed in tending 
herds ; an owner of cattle. 

Here, ad. in this place or state. 

He'reabouts, ad. about this place. 

Hereafter, ad. in time to come : s. a future 
state of being. 

Hereat', ad. at this, hereupon, at this fact, &c. 

Hereby', ad. by this ; by these means. 

Hered'itable, a. that may bo inherited. 

Hereditament, s. an inheritance. 

Hered'itary, a. descending by inheritance. 

Herein', Herein'to, ad. in or into this. 

Hereof, ad. of, from, or by means of this. 

Hereon', Hereupon', ad. on or upon this. 

Her'esiarch, s. a leader in heresy. 

Her'esiarchy, j. chief heresy. 

Hefesy, s. a fundamental error in religion. 

Her'etic, s. one who propagates erroneous 
opinions in religion. 

Heret'ical, a. relating to heresy. 

Heret'ically, ad. in a heretical manner. 

Hereto', Hereun'to, ad. to this ; unto this. 

Heretofo're, ad. formerly, anciently. 

Herewith', ad. with this. 

Hereditably, ad. by right of descent. 

Hereditarily, ad. by inheritance. 

Herlot, s. a fine paid to the lord of the manor 
at the death of a landholder. 

Her'iotable, a. liable to pay heriots. 

Heritable, ad. capable of inheriting. 

Heritage, s. inheritance ; an estate. 

Hermaph'roditc, s. an animal or plant unit- 
ing the characteristics of both sexes. 

Hermaphrodit'ical, a. of double sex. 

Hermeneu'tic, a. interpreting, explaining 
',in allusion to Hermes or Mercury). 

Hermetic, Hermetlcal, a. chemical, (in 
allusion to Hermes or Mercury, the fabled 
inventor of chemistry.) A hermetic seal 
is one that is perfectly close. 

Hermetically, ad. chemically; closely. 

Hcf mit, s. a solitary person ; a recluse. 

Hefmitnge, s. a hermit's cell : a French wine. 

Hefmitary, s. a religious cell. 

Hefmitess, 5. a female recluse or hermit. 

Hermitlcal, a. suitable to a hermit. 

Her'nia, s. rupture ; unnatural protrusion. 

He'ro, s. a brave man, a great warrior. 

Heroic, a. becoming a hero, brave, magna- 
nimous. Heroic verse is that in vhich 
heroic deeds are usually celebrated. 



Hero'ical, a. befitting a hero, brave. 

Heroically, ad. bravely, courageously. 

Heroi'-comic, a. consisting of a mixture of 
the heroic and the ludicrous. 

Her'ome, .?. a female hero. 

Her'oism, s. the qualities of a hero. 

Her'onry, s. a place where herons breed. 

Hefpes, s. a cutaneous eruption. 

Herpetic, a. troubled with herpes. 

Her'ring, s. a small sea fish. 

Herse, s. a kind of portcullis. 

Herslllon, s. a plank set with spikes or nails. 

Hesitancy, s. uncertainty ; suspense. 

Hesitate, v. to pause, to delay, to doubt. 

Hesitatingly, ad. with doubt or hesitation. 

Hesita'tion, s. doubt ; stammering. 

Hesitative, a. showing hesitation. 

Hespe'rian, a. situated in the west ; western. 

Hester'nal, a. pertaining to yesterday. 

Hetero"cii, s. pi. the inhabitants of the earth 
whose shadows at noon fall either north- 
ward or southward (that is, the inhabitants 
of the temperate zones.) 

Het'eroclites, s. pi. in grammar, all nouns 
which vary in their gender or declension. 

Het'erodox, a. deviating from the established 
church opinions ; not orthodox. 

Het'erodoxy, s. erroneous doctrine. 

Hef erogene, a. not of the same kind. 

Heteroge'neal, Heteroge'neous, a. of a differ- 
ent kind ; dissimilar. 

Heteroge'neousness, Heterogeneity, s. dis- 
similitude in nature ; contrariety of parts. 

Heteros'cian, a. having the shadow at noon 
falling one way only. See Ascii. 

Hew, v. to cut with an axe, to chop, to hack. 

Hew'er, j. one who hews. 

Hex'achord, s. (in music) a concord, a sixth. 

Hex'ade, s. a series of six numbers. 

Hex'agon, s. a figure of six angles and sides. 

Hexag'onal, a. having six sides and angles. 

Hexameter, s. a verse of six metrical feet. 

Hexamet'rical, a. consisting of hexameters 

Hexan'gular, a. having six angles. 

Hexas'tich, s. a poem of six lines. 

Hex'astyle, s. a building with six columns. 

Hey ! interj. a word expressive of joy. 

Hey'day ! interj. expression of exultation. 

Hia'tion, s. the act of gaping. 

Hia'tus, s. a gap, a chasm, an opening. 

Hiber'nate, v. to sleep through the winter. 

Hiber'nal, a. belonging to the winter. 

Hiber'nian, s. an Irishman: a. Irish. 

Hiber'nicism. s. an Irish idiom. 

Hic'cius-doc'cius, s. a cant term for a juggler. 

Hic'cup, Hic'cough, Hick'up, s. a convulsive 
or spasmodic affection of the stomach: v. 
to utter a hiccough. 

Hick'ory, s. a species of walnut-tree. 

Hidal'go, s. a Spaniard of noble birth. 

Hid'den, a. secret ; mysterious ; unseen. 

Hide, v. to conceal, to cover, to lie hid. 

Hide, J. the skin of an animal ; a certain 
quantity of land, about 80 acres. 

Hi'debound, a. having the skin adhering too 
tightly to the flesh ; niggardly. 

Hid'eous, a. horrible, dreadful, frightful. 

Hid'eously, ad. horribly, frightfully. 

Hid'eousness. s. frightfulness to the eye. 

Hi'der, 5. one who hides or conceals. 

Hi'ding-place, s. a place of concealment. 



HIE 



126 



Hie, v. to hasten, to go quickly. 
Hi'erareh, s. the chief of a sacred order. 
Hierar'chal, Hierarch'ical, a. belonging to 

sacred or ecclesiastical government. 
Hierarchy, s. an ecclesiastical government. 
Hi'eroglyph, s. a sacred or mystical symbol. 
Hieroglyph'ics, s. pi. the symbolical charac- 
ters used by the ancient Egyptians. 
Hieroglyph'ic.Hieroglyph'icaha. emblematic. 
Hieroglyph'ically, ad. emblematically. 
Hi'erograin, s. a kind of sacred writing. 
Hierogrammat'ic, a. denoting a kind of 

sacred writing used by Egyptian priests. 
Hierograni'matist, s. a writer of hierograms. 
Hierog'raphy, s. sacred or holy writings. 
Hi'erophant, s. an instructor in religious 

rites ; a priest. 
Hig'gle, v. to use many words in bargaining; 

to chaffer ; to hawk about. 
Hig'gler, s. one who higgles. 
High, a. elevated, proud, great, exorbitant. 
High'-born, a. of noble extraction. 
High'-fiier, s. one extravagant in opinion. 
High'-flown, a. elevated, turgid, bombastic. 
High'land, s. a mountainous country. 
Highlander, s. a mountaineer. 
High'ly, ad. in a great degree : arrogantly. 
High'-mettled, a. proud or ardent of spirit. 
High-mind'ed, a. magnanimous ; proud. 
High'ness, 5. dignity of nature ; a title. 
High-sea'soned, a. hot to the taste. 

High-spir'ited, a. bold, daring, insolent. 

Hight, v . named, is or was named. 

High'-wrought, a. accurately finished. 

High'- water, s. when the tide is at the highest. 

Highway', s. a great road, a public path. 

High'waymaD, s. a robber on the highway. 

Hila'rious, a. given to hilarity. 

Hilar'ity, s. gayety, mirth, cheerfulness. 

Hil'ary, s. the term that begins in January. 

Hil'ding, s. a mean cowardly wretch. 

Hill, 5. elevation of ground, an eminence. 

Hillock, s. a small hill. 

Hil'ly, a. full of hills, unequal in surface. 

Hilt, s. the handle of a sword. 

Hilt'ed, a. having a hilt or handle. 

Him, pron. the objective case of he. 

Hind, s. a she stag ; a boor, a peasant. 

Hind. Hi'nder, a. backward. 

Hin'd'er, v. to obstruct, to stop, to impede. 

Hin'derance, Hindrance, s. an impediment. 

Hin'derer, s. one who hinders or obstructs. 

Hi'ndermost, Hi'ndmost, a. the last. 

Hindoo', s. a native of Hindostan. 

Hinge, s. a joint on which a door turns ; a 
governing rule or principle : v. to furnish 
with hinges ; to turn upon. 

Hint, v. to allude to ; to bring to mind. 

Hint, s. a remote suggestion, an intimation. 

Hip, s. the joint of the thigh ; the haunch ; 
the fruit of the brier or dog-rose. 

Hip ! interj. an exclamation requiring silence 
and attention. 

Hip'ped, a. melancholy ; hypochondriacal. 

Hip'pish, a. hypochondriac, low in spirits. 

Hip'pocamp, s. the sea horse. 

Hip'pocrass, s. a medicated wine. 

Hip'podrome, s. a course for chariot-races. 

Hip'pogriff, s. a winged or fabulous horse. 

Hippopot'amus, .?. the river horse ; an animal 
found in the Nile. 



HOE 

Hip'roof, s. a roof that has an angle. 
Hip'shot, a. sprained in the hip. 
Hire, v. to engage for pay : s. wages. 
Hi'reless, a. without hire ; not rewarded. 
Hireling, 5. one who serves for wages ; a 

mercenary: a. venal, mercenary. 
Hi'rer, s. one who hires or procures. 
Hirsu'te, a. rough ; of coarse manners. 
Hirsu'teness, s, hairiness ; shagginess. 
His'ped, a. rough, bristly, shaggy. 
Hiss, v. to cry like a serpent ; to condemn 

by hisses : s. a hissing noise. 
Hiss'ing, .?. the noise of hisses. 
His'singly, ad. with a hissing sound. 
Hist ! interj. hush ! silence ! 
Histo'rian, s. a writer of histories. 
Historic, Historical, a. pertaining to history. 
Historically, ad. in the manner of history. 
Historiographer, s. a writer of history. 
His'tory, s. a narration of past events. 
Histrionic, a. befitting a stage or player. 
His'trionism, s. theatrical representation. 

Kit, v. to strike, to clash, to reach. 
Hit, s. a stroke ; a lucky chance. 

Hitch, v. to catch, to move by jerks. 

Hitch, s. a kind of knot or noose. 

Hithe, s. a small haven for boats. 

Hith'er, ad. to this place : a. nearer. 

Hith'ermost, a. nearest on this side. 

Hith'erto, ad. to this time ; yet ; till now. 

Hith'erward, Hith'orwards, ad. this way. 

Hive, s. a place for bees ; a swarm of bees. 

Hive, v. to collect into hives ; to take sheltei 
together ; to collect in company. 

Hi'ver, s. one who collects bees in a hive. 

Ho ! interj. stop, cease, enough, attend. 

Hoard, s. a hidden stock ; a treasure. 

Hoard, v. to amass or lay up secretly. 

Hoard'er, s. one that stores up in secret. 

Hoar'frost, s. frozen dew ; a white frost. 

Hoar'hound, s. a bitter medicinal plant. 

Hoar'iness, s. the state of being hoary. 

Hoarse, a. having a rough deep voice. 

Hoar'sely, ad. with a rough harsh voice. 

Hoar'seness, 5. roughness of voice. 

Hoar, Hoa ry, a. gray with age, whitish. 

Hoax, s. an imposition, a deception. 

Hoax, v. to deceive ; to impose upon. 

Hob, s. the nave of a wheel ; the side of a 
grate ; a clown ; a fairy. 

Plob'ble, s. an awkward gait ; a dilemma. 

Hob'ble, v. to walk lamely or awkwardly. 

Hob'bledehoy, 5. a burlesque word for a boy 
at the age of puberty. 

Hob'by, s. a species of hawk. 

Hob'by, s. a nag or riding horse ; a favoritn 
object or pursuit ; a whim. 

Hob'by-horse, s. a wooden horse ; a play- 
thing ; a favorite pursuit or amusement. 

Hob'goblin, s. a sprite, a fairy, an apparition. 

Hob'nail, s. a nail used in shoeing horses. 

Hob'nob, s. take or not take ; a familiar in- 
vitation to reciprocal drinking. 

Hock, s. the small end of a gammon of 
bacon ; a sort of Rhenish wine. See Hough. 

Ho'cus-po'cus, s. a juggler, a cheat. 

Hod, s. a bricklayer's trough or tray. 

Hodier'nal, a. of or relating to to-day. 

Hod'man, s. a labourer that carries a hod. 

Hoe, s. a garden-tool for weeds, &c. 

Hoe, v. to cut or dig with a hoe. 



HOG 



V27 



HOP 



Hog, s. the general name of swine. 
Hog'cot, Hog'sty, s. a house for hogs. 
Hog'get, s. a sheep two years old. 
Hog'gish, a. like a hog, brutish, greedy. 
Hog'gishly, ad. greedily; brutishly. 
Hog'gishness, s. brutality ; greediness. 
Hog'herd, s. a keeper of hogs. 
Ho'go, s. (corrupted from the French haut 

gout) nigh flavor ; strong scent. 
Hog'shead, s. a measure of 63 gallons. 
HogVash, s. draff which is given to swine. 
Hoi'den, s. an awkward country girl. 
Hoi'den, a. rustic; inelegant; untaught. 
Hoist, s. a lift ; the act of raising up. 
Hoist, v. to raise up on high. 
Hold, v. to keep, to have within, to detain. 
Hold, s. a support ; custody ; power. 
Hold ! int. stop ! forbear ! be still ! 
Ho'lder, s. one who holds any thing. 
Ho'ldfast, s. an iron hook, a catch. 
Ho'lding, s. tenure or farm ; hold, influence. 
Hole, s. a hollow place; a mean habitation ; 

a rent in a garment ; a subterfuge. 
Hole, v. to form a hole ; to excavate. 
Hol'iday, s. a holy day ; an anniversary 

feast ; a day of rest and joy : a. befitting 

a holiday. 
Ho'lily, ad. piously, religiously, inviolably. 
Ho'liness, s. sanctity ; the Pope's title. 
Hol'la, Hollo', int. stop, attend : s. a shout. 
Hol'land, j. a fine linen made in Holland. 
Hollander, 5. an inhabitant of Holland. 
Hol'lands, s. a term for gin made in Holland. 
Hol'low, a. having a void within ; deceitful. 
Hol'low, s. a cavity, a hole, an opening. 
Hol'low, v. to make hollow ; to excavate. 
Hol'low-hearted, a. dishonest ; insincere. 
Hol'lowness, s. the state of being hollow. 
Hol'ly, s. a tree ; an evergreen shrub. 
Hollyhock, s. the rose-mallow. 
Holm, s. a river island ; the evergreen oak. 
Hol'ocaust, s. a burnt sacrifice. 
Ho'lster, s. a case for a horseman's pistols. 
Holt, s. a hill ; a wood ; a forest. 
Ho'ly, a. pure, religious, sacred, immaculate. 
Ho'ly-cross Day, s. the 14th of September. 
Hol'yday, s. See Holiday. 
Ho'ly-Ghost, s. the Third Person of the 

Divine Trinity. 
Ho'ly-One, s. one of the appellations of God. 
Ho'ly-rood Day, s. the same as Holy-cross. 
Ho'ly-Thursday, s. the day on which the as- 
cension of our Saviour is commemorated. 
Ho'ly-week, s. the week before Easter. 
Hom'age, s. duty, fealty, respect, service. 
Hom'age, v. to do homage to. 
Hom'ageable, a. subject to homage. 
Home, s. a place of constant residence. 
Ho'meborn, a. native ; natural ; domestic. 
Ho'mebred, a. native, plain, artless. 
Ho'mefelt, a. inward ; private. 
Ho'meless, a. destitute of a home. 
Ho'meliness, s. plainness, coarseness. 
Ho'mely, a. not elegant, coarse. 
Ho'memade, a. made at home ; plain. 
Ho'mer, $. a Jewish measure. 
Ho'mespun, a. plain ; coarse ; rude ; homely. 
Ho'mestall, Ho'mestead, s. the place of the 

house, and sometimes including a small 

portion of land adjoining. 
Ho'meward. Ho'rnewards, ad. towards home. 



Ho'meward-bound, a. destined for home. 

Hom'icidal, a. murderous, bloody. 

Hom'icidc, s. murder ; a murderer. 

Homilet'ical, a. social, conversable. 

Hom'ilist, J. one who preaches homilies. 

Hom'ily, s. a discourse read in churches. 

Homoge'neous, a. of the same nature. 

Homogene'ity, Homoge'neousness, s. having 
the same nature or principles. 

Homol'ogous, a. of the same manner or pro- 
portion, proportional. 

Hom'onyme, $. a word or expression resem- 
bling another in sound, but not in sense. 

Homon'ymous, a. equivocal, ambiguous. 

Homon'ymously, ad. in an equivocal manner ; 
ambiguously. 

Homon'ymy, s. equivocation ; ambiguity. 

Homoph'ony, s. similarity of sound. 

Homot'onous, a. equable, correspondent. 

Hone, s. a stone to whet razors, &c. on. 

Hon'est, a. sincere, upright, chaste, just, true. 

Hon'estly, ad. uprightly, justly, sincerely. 

Hon'esty, s. justice, truth, purity, virtue. 

Hon'ey, s. the sweet concoction of bees. 

Hon'eybag, s. the stomach of a bee. 

Hon'eycomb, s. cells of wax for honey. 

Hon'eydew, s. a sweet dew on plants. 

Hon'eyed, a. covered with honey. 

Hon'eyless, a. free from honey, empty. 

Hon'ey-locust, s. the three-horned acacia. 

Hon'ey-moon, s. first month after marriage. 

Hon'ey-mouthed,a. flattering ; using honeyed 
words ; insincere. 

Hon'eysuckle, s. an odoriferous woodbine. 

Hon'ey-tongued, a. using soft speech. 

Hon'ey-wort, s. a kind of plant. 

Hon'orary, a. done or instituted in honor. 

Honorific, a. bringing honor. 

Hon'or, s. dignity, reputation, virtue. 

Hon'or, v. to reverence, to dignify, to exalt. 

Hon'orable, a. illustrious, generous, equit- 
able ; conferring honor. 

Hon'orableness, s. state of being honorable. 

Hon'orably, ad. reputably, nobly. 

Hon'orer, s. one that honors or reveres. 

Hon'orless, a. void of honor ; not honored. 

Hood, s. an upper covering for the head. 

Hood'wink, v. to blind, to hide, to deceive. 

Hoof, s. the horny substance that covers the 
feet of certain animals. 

Hoof'bound, a. contracted in the hoof. 

Hoofed, a. furnished with hoofs. 

Hook, s. a bent piece of iron, wood, &c. 

Hook, v. to catch, to ensnare ; to bend. 

Hookah, s. a smoking-pipe of complicated 
construction used in the East. 

Hook'ed, a. bent, curvated. 

Hook'edness, s. the being bent like a hook. 

Hook'er, s. that which catches as with a 
hook ; a Dutch-like vessel. 

Hook'nosed, a. having an aquiline nose. 

Hoo'le, J. a great festival in India. 

Hoop, s. any thing circular. 

Hoop. See Whoop. 

Hoop, v. to bind with hoops ; to encircle. 

Hoop'er, s. a cooper ; one that hoops tubs. 

Hoop'ing-cough, s. a convulsive cough. 

Hoop'oo, s. a bird with a tufted crest. 

Hoot, s. a shout of contempt : v. to shout. 

Hoofing, s. a continued shouting. 

Hop, s. a plant ; a jump, a mean dance. 



HOP 



HOT 



Hop, v. to leap on one leg, to walk lamely. 

Hop'-bind, s. the stem of the hop. 

Hope, s. confidence in a future event. 

Hope, v. to expect with desire. 

Ho'peful, a. full of expectation, promising. 

Ho'pefully, ad. with hope ; without despair. 

Ho'pefulness, s. promise of good. 

Ho'peless, a. bereft of hope ; abandoned. 

Plo'pelessly, ad. without hope ; despairingly. 

Hop'-garden, s. a garden planted with hops. 

Hop'-ground, s. ground set apart for hops. 

Hop'per, s. a part of a mill ; a basket. 

Hop'-picker, s. one who gathers the ripe hops. 

Ho'ral, Ho'rary, a. relating to an hour. 

Horde, s. a clan, a migratory crew. 

Hori'zon, s. the circle bounding the view of 
the observer by the apparent meeting of 
the earth and sky. 

Horizontal , a. near the horizon ; level with it. 

Horizon 'tally, ad. in a horizontal direction. 

Horn, s. the hard pointed substance which 
grows on the heads of some quadrupeds ; a 
wind instrument of music ; a drinking cup. 

Horn, v. to bestow horns upon. 

Horn'fish, s. the garfish. 

Ilorn'blend, s. a mineral of several varieties. 

Horn'book, s. the first book for children. 

Horn'ed, a. furnished with horns. 

Hor'ner, s. one who deals in horns. 

Hor'net, s. a large stinging fly. 

Hom'ing, s. the appearance of the moon 
when she assumes a crescent form. 

Horn'less, a. having no horns. 

Horn'owl, s. a species of the owl. 

Horn'pipe, s. a kind of single dance. 

Horn'slate, s. a gray siliceous stone. 

Horn'stone, 5. a kind of blue stone. 

Horn'work, 5. a kind of angular fortification. 

Horn'y, a. made of horns, callous, hard. 

Horog'raphy, s. an account of the hours. 

Hor'ologe, s. an instrument denoting time. 

Horol'ogy, s. the art of measuring time. 

Horomet'rical, a. relating to horometry. 

Horom'etry, s. the art of measuring hours. 

Hor'oseope, s. the configuration of the planets 
at the hour of a person's birth. 

Horos'copy, s. the art of predicting future 
events by the planetary bodies. 

Hor'rent, a. bristled ; pointing outward. 

Hor'rible, a. dreadful, shocking, terrible. 

Hor'ribleness, s. dreadfulness ; hideousness. 

Hor'ribly, ad. dreadfully, hideously. 

Hor'rid, a. hideous, enormous. 

Hor'ridly, ad. hideously, shockingly. 

Horrific, a. causing horror or dread. 

Horris'onous, a. sounding dreadfully. 

Hor'ror, s. terror mixed with detestation. 

Horse, s. an animal ; a kind of wooden frame. 

Horse, v. to mount on a horse ; to furnish or 
supply with a horse or horses. 

Hor'seback, s. the seat or state of riding. 

Hor'sebean, s. a small kind of bean. 

Housebreaker, s. one who tames horses. 

Hor'se-chestnut, s. a tree and its fruit. 

Hor'sedealer, s. one who buys and sells horses. 

Hor'sedrench, s. a dose of physic for a horse. 

Hor'sefiesh, s. the flesh of horses. 

Hor'sefly, s. a large fly that stings horses. 

Hor'se-Guards, s. pi. a body of cavalry form- 
ing the king's guard. 

Hor'sehair, s. the hair of horses. 



Housekeeper, s. one who takes care of horses. 

Hor'selaugh, s. aloud, rude laugh, 

Hor'seleech, s. a large leech; a farrier. 

Hor'se-litter, s. a carriage fixed on poles, 
and borne between two horses. 

Hor'seload, s. as much as a horse can carry. 

Hor'seman, s. one skilled in riding. 

Horsemanship, j. the art of riding. 

Horsemarten, s. a large kind of bee. 

Hor'semeat, s. provender for horses. 

Hor'semill, j. a mill turned by a horse. 

Hor'semint, s. a large coarse kind of mint. 

Hor'sepath, s. a path for horses. 

Hor'seplay, s. rough play, rudeness. 

Hor'sepond, s. a pond to water horses at. 

Hor'serace, s. a match of horses in running. 

Horseradish, s. a root of a pungent taste. 

Hor'seroad, s. theroad forhorsesand vehicles. 

Hor'seshoe, s. a shoe for horses ; an herb. 

Horsestealer, s. a thief who steals horses. 

Hor'seway, s. a broad way for horses to travel. 

Hor'sewhip, *. a whip to strike a horse with : 
v. to strike or lash with a horsewhip. 

Hor'seworm, ,?. a worm that breeds in horses. 

Horta'tion, s. the act of exhorting ; advice. 

Hor'tative, s. exhortation : a. tending to ex- 
hort, encouraging. 

Hor'tatory, a. encouraging ; animating. 

Horten'sial, a. fit for a garden. 

Horticultural, a. relating to gardening. 

Horticulture, s. art of cultivating gardens. 

Horticulturist, s. one skilled in gardening. 

Hor'tulan, a. belonging to a garden. 

Hor'tus-siccus, [Lat.] s. a collection of dried 
plants, literally, a dry garden. 

Hosan'na, s. an exclamation of praise to God. 

Hose, s. stockings ; covering for the legs. 

Ho'sier, s. one who makes or sells stockings. 

Ho'siery, s. stockings, socks, &c. 

Hos'pitable, a. kind to strangers, friendly. 

Hos'pitably, ad. in a hospitable manner. 

Hos'pital, s. areceptacle for the sick and poor. 

Hospital'ity, s. the practice of entertaining 
strangers ; liberality in entertainments. 

Hos'pitaller, s. a knight of a religious order, 
whose duty was to relieve the stranger, the 
poor, and the sick. 

Hos'pitate, v. to reside as a guest. 

Host, s. a landlord ; an army ; a number ; 
the sacrifice of the mass. 

Hos'tage, s. a person left as a pledge for 
securing the performance cf a condition. 

Ho'stess, s. a female host, a landlady. 

Hos'tile, a. adverse, opposite ; warlike. 

Hos'tilely, ad. in a hostile manner. 

Hostility, s. open war, a state of warfare. 

Hos'tler, s. the manager of horses at an inn, 

Hos'tlery, Host'clry, Hos'try, s. an inn. 

Hot, a. having heat, fiery, eager, lustful. 

Hot'bed, s. a bed of earth made hot by the 
fern.entation of dung and manure. 

Hot'brained, a. violent, rash, precipitate. 

Hotch'potch, s. a dish of mingled ingredients. 

Hot'cockles, s. a species of childish play. 

Hotel', ,?. a genteel public lodging-house. 

Hot'headed, a. passionate, violent. 

Hot'house, s. a building contrived for ripen- 
ing exotics, &c., by means of heat. 

Hot'ly, ad. ardently, vehemently. 

Hot'spur, s. a vioient precipitate man ; a pea. 

Hot'spurred, a. vehement ; headstrong. 



HOT 



129 



HUN 



Hot'tentot, s. a savage inhabitant of Africa ; 

a rude, brutish man. 
Hou'dah, s. a seat to fix on a camei's back. 
Hough, s. the lower part of the thigh. 
Hough, v. to hamstring, to cut up. 
Hound, s. a dog that hunts by scent. 
Hound'fish, s. a fish, the Galeus Isevis. 
Hour, s. the 24th part of a day, 60 minutes. 
Hou'ri, *. a Mahometan nymph of paradise. 
Hour'ly, a. done every hour ; frequent. 
Hour'glass, s. a glass filled with sand for the 

purpose of measuring time. 
Hour'ly, ad. every hour ; frequently. 
Hour'plate, s. the dial of a clock, &c. 
House, s. a place of human abode. 
House, v. to put under shelter, to harbour. 
Hous'ebreaker, s. one who forcibly enters a 
house for the purpose of robbing ; a burglar. 
Housebreaking, s. burglary or bouse robbing. 
Hous'edog, s. a dog kept to guard a house. 
Hous'ehold, s. a family living together. 
Hous'eholder, s. the master of a house. 
Hous'eholdstuff, s. furniture, goods, utensils. 
Hous'ekeeper, s. a superintending female 

servant ; one who keeps a house. 
Housekeeping, s. domestic management. 
Hou'sel, 5. the holy eucharist. 
Hou'sel, v. to give or receive the eucharist. 
Hous'elamb, s. a lamb fatted in the house. 
Hous'eleek, s. a kind of plant. 

Hous'eless, a. destitute of a habitation. 

Hous'emaid, s. a female servant. 

Hous'eroom, s. room or place in a house. 

Hous'ewarming, s. a feast usual on taking 
possession of a house. 

Hous'ewife, s. a female economist. 

Hous'ewifery, 5. frugality in domestic affairs. 

Hous'ings, s. pi. military ornamental cover- 
ings for the chargers of officers. 

Hove. See Heave. 

Ho/el, s. a shed, a shelter for cattle. 

Hover, s. to hang fluttering overhead; s. a 
protection or shelter by hanging over. 

How, ad. in what manner or degree. 

Howbe'it, ad. nevertheless, notwithstanding. 

However, ad. notwithstanding ; yet, at least. 

How'itz, How'itzer, s. a kind of bomb or 
mortar for throwing shells. 

Howl, s. the cry of a wolf or dog. 

Howl. v. to utter cries in distress as a dog. 

Howl'et, s. a fowl of the owl kind. 

Howl'ing, s. the noise of a dog, &c. 

Howsoev'er, ad. in whatever manner. 

Hoy, s. a coasting vessel, a small ship. 

Hub'bub, s. a tumult, confusion, great noise. 

Huck'aback, s. a kind of figured linen. 

Huck'lebacked, a. ci-ooked in the shoulders. 

Huc'klebone, s. the hip bone. 

Huck'ster, s. a retailer of small wares. 

Hud'dle, s. a crowd ; tumult; confusion. 

Hud'dle, v. to do a thing in a flurry ; to 
crowd together in a confused manner. 

Hud'dler, J. one who huddles, a bungler. 

Hudibras'tic, a. doggerel, like Hudibras. 

Hue, s. shade of color, tint ; a shouting after, 
as " a hue and cry." 

Huff, s. a swell of sudden anger. 

Huff, v. to chide with insolence. 

Huff er, s. a blusterer, a bully. 

Huffish, Huif'y, a. arrogant; swelled with 
anger; petulant. 



Huff ishn ess, J. petulance ; arrogance. 
Hug, s. a close embrace ; a gripe in wrestling 
Hug, v. to embrace fondly, to hold fast. 
Huge, a. vast, immense, large, enormous. 
Hu'gely, ad. immensely, greatly, very much. 
Hu'geness, s. enormous bulk ; greatness. 
Hu'guenot, s. a French protestant. 
Hulk, s. the body of a ship ; a clown. 
Hulks, s. old vessels where convicts are kept. 
Hulk'y, a. bulky ; heavy ; unwieldy. 
Hull, 5. the body of a ship ; a shell or husli . 
Hull, v. to float; to strip off the hulls. 
Hull'y, a. having husks or pods. 
Hul'ver, s. the holly, a tree. 
Hum, Humming, s. the sound of bees ; a 

low dull sound. 
Hum, v. to buzz like bees ; to sing low. 
Hum ! int. a sound implying doubt and 

deliberation. 
Hu'man, a. belonging to man. 
Huma'ne, a. kind, good-natured, tender. 
Huma'nely, ad. with kindness or compassion. 
Hu'manist, s. one versed in human nature. 
Human'ity, s. the nature of man ; mankind ; 
benevolence ; philology. 

Hu'manize, v. to render humane. 

Hu'mankind, s. the race of man. 

Hu'manly, ad. after the manner of men. 

Hum'ble, a. modest, submissive. 

Hum'ble, v. to make humble ; to subdue. 

Hum'blebee, s. a large humming or buzzing 
wild bee, without a sting. 

Hunfbleness, s. humility ; absence of pride. 

Hum'bler, s. one that humbles himself or 
others : a. more humble. 

Hum'bling, s. humiliation ; abatement or 
lowering of pride. 

Hum'bly, ad. submissively, lowly. 

Hum'bug, s. an imposition ; a cheat ; a paltry 
fellow : v. to impose upon. 

Hum'drum, s. a stupid person : a. dull. 

Humecta'tion, J. a moistening or wetting. 

Humec'tive, a. having the power to moisten. 

Hu'meral, a. belonging to the shoulder. 

Hun/hum, s. a coarse kind of India cloth. 

Hu'mid, a. wet, moist, watery, damp. 

Humid'ity, s. moisture, dampness. 

Humil'iate, v. to humble, to bring low. 

Humiliation, s. the act of humiliating. 

Humil'ity, s. freedom from pride, modesty. 

Hum'mer, s. that which hums ; an applauder. 

Hum'ming, s. the noise of bees or flies. 

Hum'mingbird, s. the smallest of all birds. 

Hum'mock, s. a little hill ; rising ground. 

Hum'muck, s. a large and elevated mass of ice. 

Hum'mums, s. vapor baths ; hot baths. 

Hu'moral, a. proceeding from the humors. 

Hu'morist, s. one who gratifies his humor. 

Hu'morous, «. jocular, whimsical, pleasant. 

Hu'morously, ad. merrily ; capriciously. 
\ Hu'morsome, a. peevish ; petulant; humor- 
ous ; odd ; jocular. 

Hu'mor, s. moisture ; whim, jocularity. 

Hu'mor, v. to soothe, to indulge. 

Hump'back, s. a crooked Lack. 

Hump'backed, a. deformed in the back. 

Hunch, v. to jostle ; to crook the back. 

Hun'dred, 6-. ten multiplied by ten; a divi- 
sion of a shire or county. 

Hun'dredth, a. the ordinal of a hundred. 
I Hung. See Hang. 

G 3 



HUN 



130 



HYP 



Hun gary-water, s. a water distilled from 

rosemary flowers. 
Hun'ger, f. a desire of food ; violent desire. 
Hun'ger, v. to feel the pain of hunger. 
Kun'ger-bitten, a. pinched by hunger. 
Hun'gerly, a. wanting food or nourishment. 
Hun'gred', a. pinched by want of food. 
Hun'gTily, ad. with keen appetite. 
Hun'gry, a. in want of food. 
H unks, s. a covetous sordid wretch, a miser. 
H unt, v. to chase, to pursue, to search for. 
H unt, s. a. chase, a pursuit. 
Kunt'er, s. one who chases animals. 
Hunt'ing, s. the diversion of the chase. 
Hunt'ing-horn, s. a bugle ; a horn used to 

cheer the hounds. 
Hunt'ress, s. a woman that follows the chase. 
Huu'tsman, s. one who manages the hounds ; 

one who delights in hunting. 
Hunts'manship, s. qualifications of a hunter. 
Hur'den, s. a coarse kind of linen. 
Eiur'dle, s. sticks woven together for various 

uses ; a crate ; a sort of sledge. 
Hur'dle, v. to hedge in or close with hurdles. 
Hurds, s. the refuse of hemp or flax. 
Hu/dy-gurdy, s. a stringed instrument. 
Hurl, v. to throw with violence. 
Hurl'bat, s. whirlbat, an old kind of weapon. 
Hurl'er, s. one who throws or hurls. 
Hur'ly-bur'ly, s. a bustle, tumult, confusion. 
Hurra', Hurrah', int. a shout of triumph. 
Hu/ricane, s. a violent storm, a tempest. 
Hurry, v. to hasten, to move with haste. 
Hur'ry, s. precipitation, haste ; a tumult. 
Hur'ry-skurry, ad. confusedly, in a bustle. 
Hurst, Hyrst, s. a small wood ; a thicket. 
Hurt, s. harm, mischief ; wound or bruise. 
Hurt, v. to injure, to wound, to harm. 
Hurt'ful, a. pernicious, mischievous. 
Hurt'fully, ad. mischievously ; perniciously. 
Hurt'fulness, s. the quality of being hurtful. 
Hur'tle, v. to clash ; to push violently. 
Hur'tleberry, s. the whortleberry. 
Hurt'less, a. harmless, innocent, innoxious. 
Hus'band, s. a married man ; an economist, 
Hus'band, v. to manage frugally ; to till. 
Hus'bandless, a. not having a husband. 
Hus'banclman, s. one who works in tillage. 
Hus'bandry, 5. tillage; thrift, care, frugality. 
Hush, v. to still, to suppress, to appease. 
Hush, a. silent, still : v. to make silent. 
Hush'money, *. a bribe to induce secrecy. 
Husk, s. the outward integument of fruits : 

v. to strip off the husk. 
Hush ! int. silence ! be still ! 
Husk'ed, a. bearing a husk. 
Husk'iness, s. hoarseness; the quality or 

state of being husky. 
Husk'y, a. abounding in husks ; rough. 
Hussar', s. a kind of horse soldier. 
Hus'sy, s. a worthless or bad woman. 
Hustings, s. a court or place of meeting for 

the purpose of electing a member of Par- 
liament; a temporary erection. 
Kuy'rle, v. to crowd or push against. 
Hut, S. a poor cottage ; a mean abode. 
Hutch, s. a chest ; a box or case. 
Huzza', s. a shout of joy or triumph : v. to 

utter acclamation : int. hurra ! 
Hyacinth, s. a flower : a color. 
Byacin'thian, s. resembling the hyacinth. 



Hyacin'thine, a. like hyacinths. 
j Hy'ades, [Gr.] s.pl. the seven stars. 
j Hy'aline, a. glassy, crystalline, clear. 
| Hy'alite, s. a kind of glassy stone. 

Hy'brid, a. mongrel; of different species: 
s. an animal or plant produced from a mix- 
ture of species, a mongrel. 

Hy'bridous, a. of a mixed breed, mongrel. 

Hy'datid, s. a vesicle or small bladder. 

Hy'dra, s. a water serpent ; a monster with 
many heads, slain by Hercules. 

Hydran'gea, s. a water plant bearing a beau- 
tiful flower. 

Hydraulic, a. conveying water by pipes. 

Hydraul'ical, a. relating to hydraulics. 

Hydraul'ics, s. pi. the science which treats 
of the motion of fluids, and the art of con- 
veying water through pipes. 

Hy'drocele, s. a watery tumor. 

Hydrocephalus, s. a dropsy in the head. 

Hydrocian'ic, s. prussic acid. 

Hydrodynam'ics, s. pi. the science which 
treats of the powers of water and other 
fluids, comprehending hydraulics and hy- 
drostatics. 

Hy'drogen, *. a ga.3 which is one of the ele- 
ments of water. 

Hydrog'raphy, s. the art of measuring and 
describing the sea, lakes, and rivers. 

Hydrol'ogy, s. description of water in general. 

HyMromancy, s. divination by water. 

Hy'dromel, s. honey and water ; mead. 

Hydrom'eter, s. an instrument to measure 
the gravity, force, or density of water. 

Hydrom'etry, s. the art of measuring water. 

Hydropho'bia, s. a disease occasioned by the 
bite of a mad dog ; dread of water. 

Hydropho'bic, a. pertaining to hydrophobia. 

Hydrop'ic, Hydrop'ical, a. dropsical, watery. 

Hy'dropsy, s. the dropsy. 

H/droscope, s. a clock set and kept in motion 
by water. 

Hydrostat'ie, Hydrostat'ical, a. relating to 
hydrostatics. 

Hydrostat'ics, s. pi. that branch of hydro- 
statics which treats of the properties of 
fluids at rest. 

Hy'drus, s. a water-snake, a constellation. 

Hy'cmal, a. belonging to winter. 

Hy'emate, v. to winter at a place. 

Hye'na, s. a fierce animal like a wolf. 

Hyge'ian, a. in a state of health ; relating to 
Hygeia, goddess of health. 

Hygrom'eter, s. an instrument for ascertain- 
ing the moisture of the atmosphere. 

Hy'groscope, s. an instrument to show the 
state of the air ; the hygrometer. 

Hy'grostat'ics, s. pi. the science of weighing 
or comparing various degrees of moisture. 

Hylozo'ick, s. one of a sect of ancient athe- 
ists that held all matter to be animated. 

Hymene'al, Hymene'an, a. pertaining to 
marriage : s. a marriage song. 

Hymn, s. a divine song ; a song of praise. 

Hymn, v. to worship with hymns. 

Hym'nic, a. relating to hymns. 

Hymnol'ogy, s. a collection of hymns. 

Hyp, v. to make melancholy, to dispirit. 

Hyper'baton, s. a figure which inverts t'Ba 
natural order of words in sentences. 

Hyper'bola, s. a certain section of a cone. 



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Hyperbole, s. a rhetorical figure which con- 
sists in representing things much greater 
or less than they really are. 
Hyperbol'ical, a. exaggerating beyond fact. 
Hyperbol'ically, ad. with exaggeration. 

Hyper'bolist, s. one who uses hyperboles. 

Hyperbolize, v. to speak or write with ex- 
aggeration or extenuation. 

Hyperbo'rean, a. northern ; very cold : s. an 
inhabitant of the most northern regions. 

Hypercatalec'tic, a. exceeding the measure. 

Hypercrit'ic, s. an unreasonable critic. 

Hypercrit'ical, a. critical beyond reason. 

Hypercrit'icism, s. excessive critical severity. 

Hy'phen, s. a short line thus (-) put between 
two words or syllables, to show that they 
are to be joined together. 

Hyp'ocaust, s. a place for a stove underneath 
a bath or hot-house. 

Hypochon'dria, s. melancholy; lowness or 
depression of spirits. 

Hypochon'driac, s. one affected with melan- 
choly, or disordered in the imagination. 

Hypochon'driac, Hypochondriacal, a. affect- 
ed with languor and lowness of spirits. 

Hypochondri'acism, Hypochondriasis, s. 
morbid melancholy; disordered imagina- 
tion ; hypochondriac affection. 

Hypoc'risy, s. dissimulation, deceit. 

Hyp'ocrite, s. a dissembler in religion, &c. 

Hypocrit'ical, a. dissembling, insincere, false; 
putting on the cloak of religion. 

Hypocritically, ad. without sincerity. 

Hypogastric, a. situated in the lower part of 
the abdomen. 

Hypos'tasis, s substance ; personality. 

Hypostat'ic, Hypostat'ical, a. personal. 

Hypot'enuse, s. the line that subtends the 
right angle cf a right-angled triangle. 

Hypoth'esis, s. a system upon supposition. 

Hypothetic, Hypothet'ical, a. assumed with- 
out proof ; supposed, conditional. 

Hypothct'ically, ad. upon supposition. 

Hy'son, s. a line kind of green tea. 

Hys'sop, s. the name of a purgative plant. 

Hyster'ic, Hyster'ical, a. troubled with fits. 

Hyster'ics, s. pi. fits or nervous affections 
peculiar to women. 

Hys'teron-pro'teron, s. a figure of speech 
which places last what would naturally 
come first. 



I, pron. myself, the person speaking. 

Iam'bic, a. relating to iambic verse. 

Iam'bics, s. pi. verses which are composed 
of a long and a short syllable alternately. 

I'bex, s. an animal of the goat kind. 

I'bis, s. the name of an Egyptian bird. 

Ice, s. frozen water ; sugar concreted. 

Ice, v. to cover with ice; to chill ; to freeze. 

I'ceberg, s. a large mass or mountain of ice. 

I'cebound, a. closed in with ice. 

I'cehouse, s. a place in which ice is kept. 

I'celandcr, s. a native of Iceland. 

Icelandic, a. pertaining to Iceland. 

I'cespar, s. a sort of icy feldspar. 

Ichncu'mon, s. a small animal that destroys 
the eggs of the crocodile. 

Ichnograph'ical, a. representing a ground- 
plot or platform. 



Ichnog'raphy, s. a delineation of tho base or 
ground-plot of a building; a ground plot. 
I'chor, s. a thin watery humour. 
I'chorous, a. thin, watery, serous. 
Ichthyog'raphy, 5. a treatise on 
Ichthyol'ogist, s. one versed in ichthyology. 
Ichthyol'ogy, s. that part of zoology which 

treats of fishes. 
Ichthyoph'agist, s. one who lives on fish. 
I'cicle, s. dripping water frozen, hanging 
from the eaves of a house, &c. 

I'ciness, s. the state of being icy. 

I'cing, s. a covering of concreted sugar. 

I'con, s. an image, a picture. 

Icon'oclast, s. a breaker of images. 

Iconoclastic, a. destroying images. 

Iconog'raphy, s. a description of statues and 
monuments of ancient art. 

Iconol'ogy, s. the doctrine of pictorial repre- 
sentation ; a description of pictures. 

Icte/ic, s. a remedy for the jaundice. 

Icter'ical, a. pertaining to the jaundice. 

I'cy, a. full of ice, cold ; frigid. 

I'd, contracted for / would. 

Ide'a, s. a mental image, a notion. 

Ide'al, a. mental, intellectual, conceived. 

Ide'alism, s. the theory that makes every 
thing consist only in ideas, 

Ide'alize, v. to form images in the mind. 

Ide'ally, ad. intellectually, mentally. 

Ide'ate, v. to fancy, to form in idea. 

Iden'tic, Identical, a. the same. 

Iden'ticalness, Iden'tity, s. sameness. 

Identification, *. proof of identity. 

Iden'tify, v. to prove to be the same ; to 
treat or consider as the same. 

Ides, s. pi. a term of time amongst the 
Romans, as " the ides of March." 

Idioc'rasy, s. peculiarity of constitution. 

Id'iocy, s. want of reason, imbecility. 

Id'iom, s. a mode of expression peculiar to 
a language ; peculiarity of phrase. 

Idiomat'ic, Idiomat'ical, a. phraseological. 

Idiomatically, ad. according to the idiom. 

Idiop'athy, s. a primary or peculiar disease. 

Idiosyn'crasy, s. a peculiar temperament. 

Idiosyncrat'ical, a. peculiar in temperament. 

Id'iot, s. a fool, a natural, a changeling. 

Idiot'ic, Idiot'ical, a. stupid ; foolish. 

Id'iotism, s. natural imbecility of mind. 

I'dle, a. lazy, unemployed, worthless. 

I'dle, v. to spend time in idleness. 

Idle-head'ed, a. foolish, unreasonable. 

I'dleness, s. sloth, laziness, folly. 

I'dler, s. a lazy person, a sluggard. 

I'dly, ad. lazily, carelessly, foolishly. 

I'dol, s. an image worshipped as a god. 

Idol'ater, s. a worshipper of idols. 

Idol'atress, s. she who worships idols. 

Idol'atrize, s. to practise idolatry. 

Idol'atrous, a. tending or given to idolatry. 

Idol'atrously, ad. in an idolatrous manner. 

Idol'atry, s. the worship of images. 

I'dolism, s. idolatrous worship. 

I'dolist, s. a worshipper of images. 

I'dolize, v. to worship ; to love to excess. 

I'dolizer, s. one who loves to adoration. 

Ido'neous, a. fit ; proper. 

I'dyl, s. a short poem ; an eclogue. 

If, conj. give or allow that. 

Ig'neous, a. containing or emitting fire. 



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Ig'nify, v. to form into fire. 

Ig'nis-fat'uus, s. a kind of fiery meteor, called 

Will-o'-the-wisp ; a delusion. 
Igni'te, v. to set on fire ; to take fire. 
Igni'tible, a. inflammable, easily set on fire. 
Igni'tion, s. the act of setting on fire. 
Ignobil'ity, Igno'bleness, s. want of dignity. 
Igno'ble, a. mean of birth ; worthless. 
Ignomin'ious, a. disgracefully, shamefully. 
Igno'bly, ad. disgracefully, ignominiously. 
Jgnomin'iously, ad. meanly, scandalously. 
Igliominy, a. disgrace, reproach, shame. 
Ignora'mus, s. an ignorant fellow. 
Jg'norance, s. want of knowledge. 
Ig'norant, a. illiterate, void of knowledge. 
Ig'norantly, ad. unskilfully. 
Igno're, v. not to know ; to reject. 
Tgua'na, s. a species of lizard, 
lie, s. See Aisle. 
I'lex, s. the scarlet oak, the holly. 
Iliac, a. pertaining to the lower bowels. 
Il'iad, s. an epic or heroic poem by Homer. 
Ilk, a. the same ; each. 
Ill, a. sick, disordered, not in health ; evil : 

ad v >t well, badly, with difficulty. 
Ill, s. wickedness, misery, misfortune. 
Illa"cerable, a. that cannot be torn. 
Illac'hrymable, a. incapable of weeping. 
Illap'se, s. a sliding in ; a sudden attack. 
Illaq'ueate, v. to entangle, to ensnare. 
Illaquea'tion, s. the act of catching or en- 
snaring ; a snare. 
Illa'tion, s. an inference, a conclusion. 
H'lative, a. inferring ; that may be inferred. 
Illatively, a. by way of inference. 
Illau'dable, a. unworthy of commendation. 
Illau'dably, ad. unworthily, meanly. 
Ill'-bred, a. impolite ; uncourteous. 
Ill-breeding, s. want of politeness. 
Ille'cebrous, a. enticing, alluring. 
Ille'gal, a. contrary to law, unjust. 
Illegality, s. contrariety to law. 
Ille'galize, v. to render illegal. 
Ille'gally, ad. in a manner contrary to law. 
Illegibility, s. incapability of being read. 
Ille"gible, a. tbat cannot be clearly read. 
Illegibly, ad. in a manner not to be read. 
Illegitimacy, s. a state of bastardy. 
Illegitimate, a. born out of wedlock ; not 

lawful, not genuine. 
Illegitimately, ad. out of wedlock. 
Illegitima'tion, s. the state of one not born 

in wedlock ; want of genuineness. 
Illevlable, a. incapable of being levied. 
1 11'- fated, a. doomed to misfortune. 
Illfa'vored, a. of a bad countenance ; ugly. 
Illib'eral, a. not liberal, not generous. 
Illiberallty, s. narrowness of mind; pre- 
judice ; parsimony. 
Illib'erally, ad. meanly, disingenuously. 
llli"cit, a. unlawful, unfit; contraband. 
l!li"citly, ad. unlawfully. 
Ilii"citn'ess, s. unlawfulness. 
Illimitable, a. which cannot be bounded. 
IHimltably, ad. so as not to be limited. 
II limited, a. unbounded; interminable. 
Illini'lion. .«- a thin crust on minerals, 
lllit'eracy, Illit'erateness, s. want of learn- , 

ing ; ignorance of science. 
niit'erate, " unlettered, unlearned. 
Illit'eralj a. not literal. 



Illna'ture, s. bad temper, peevishness, 
lllna'turcd, a. peevish, un tractable, cross. 
Illna'turedly, ad. in a peevish manner. 
Illna'turedness, s. want of a kindly disposi- 
tion ; malevolence. 
Ill'ness, s. sickness, disorder, weakness. 
Illo"gical, a. not logical ; contrary to tho 
rules of reasoning. 
| Illo"gically, ad. in an illogical manner. 
Illo"gicalness, s. contrariety to logic. 
Ill'-starred, a. doomed to misfortune, 
llln'de, v. to play upon, to deceive. 
Illu'me, Illu'mine, Illu'minate, v. to en- 
lighten, to adorn, to illustrate. 
Illumina'ti, 5. pi. persons who pretend to be 

more intellectual than others. 
Illumina'tion, s. the act of illuminating; a 
display of light as a sign of joy ; bright- 
ness ; knowledge ; inspiration. 
Illu'minative, a. having the power to give 

light, or to enlighten. 
Illu'minator, s. one who gives light. 
Illu'sion, s. a false show, error, mockery. 
Illu'sive, a. deceiving by false show. 
Ulu'sively, ad. in a deeeptious manner. 
Illu'siveness, s. deception; false appearance. 
Illu'sory, a. deceiving, fraudulent. 
Illus'trate, v. to brighten with light ; to 

make clear, to explain, to elucidate. 
Illustra'tion, 5. elucidation, explanation. 
Illus'trative, a. able or tending to explain. 
Illustratively, ad. by way of explanation. 
Illus'trator, s. one who illustrates. 
Illus'trious, a. conspicuous, noble, eminent. 
Illus'triousness, s. eminence; nobility. 
Ulus'triously, ad. conspicuously, eminently* 
Ill-will', s. disposition to envy or hatred. 
IlJ-wiU'er, j. one who wishes ill to another. 
I'm, contracted for I am. 
Im, a prefix used in some cases for In. 
Im'age, s. statue, an idol ; a picture ; a like- 
ness ; an idea : v. to fancy. 
Im'agery, s. sensible representation ; show. 
Ima"ginable, a. possible to be conceived. 
Ima"ginant, a. imagining ; forming ideas. 
Ima"ginary, a. fancied, visionary, ideal. 
Imagination, s. the act of imagining ; an 

image in the mind ; an idea, a fancy. 
Imaginative, a. full of imagination ; form- 
ing imaginations ; fantastic. 
Ima"gine, v. to fancy; to conceive. 
Ima"giner, s. one who forms ideas. 
Ima"gining, s. fancy ; imagination. 
I'm an, s. a Mahometan priest. 
Imbank', v. to enclose within a bank. 
Imbank'ment, .y. enclosure by a bank. 
Imbas'tardize, v. to convict of illegitimacy. 
Imba'the, v. to bathe all over. 
Im'becile, a. weak, feeble, wanting strength- 
Imbecility, s. weakness, feebleness. 
Imbed', v. See Embed. 
Imbellic, a. not warlike or martial. 
Imbi'be, v. to drink in, to admit into. 
Imbi'ber, j. that which drinks or sucks. 
Imbibi'lion, s. the act of imbibing. 
Imbit'ter, v. to make bitter ; to exasperate, 
Imbod'y. See Embody. 
Imboil', v. to effervesce ; to boil with rage. 
Imbo'lden. See Embolden. 
Imbor'der, v. See Emborder. 
Inibosk', v. to conceal, as in bushes. 



1MB 

lmbo'som,Embo'som, v . to hold in the bosom ; 
to enclose in the midst ; to surround. 

Imbow', Embow', v. to arch, to vault. 

Imbow'er, Embow'er, v. to shelter with trees. 

Imbox', v. to enclose in a box. 

Im'bricated, a. laid in the manner of tiles. 

Imbrica'tion, s. a putting together in the 
manner of tiles ; a concave indentation. 

Imbrow'n, v. to make brown ; to obscure. 

Imbrue', v. to steep, to soak, to wet much. 

Imbru'ed, p. soaked, dipped, wetted. 

Imbru'te, v. to degrade to brutality. 

Imbue', v. to tincture deeply ; to tinge. 

Imbur'se, v. to stock with money. 

Imbur'sement, s. money laid up in stock. 

Imitabil'ity, J. the quality of being imitable. 

Im'itable, a. that may be imitated. 

Im'itate, v. to follow the manner, way, or 
action of another person ; to copy. 

Imita'tion, s. a resemblance ; a copy. 

Im'itative, a. inclined to imitate or copy. 

Im'itator, s. he who copies or imitates. 

Immac'ulate, a. spotless, pure, undented. 

Immac'ulately, ad. without blemish; purely. 

Immac'ulateness, s. purity ; innocence. 

Immail'ed, a. wearing mail or armor. 

Immal'leable, a. not to be beaten out. 

Imman'acle, v. to fetter, to confine. 

Immane', a. vast, prodigiously great. 

Immane'ly, ad. monstrously ; cruelly. 

Im'manent, a. inherent, intrinsic, internal. 

Imman'ity, s. barbarity, savageness. 

Immarces'cible, a. unfading, perpetual. 

Immar'tial, a. not warlike, weak, impotent. 

Immask', v. to cover ; to disguise. 

Immatch'able, a. not to be matched. 

Immaterial, a. incorporeal ; unimportant. 

Immate'rialism, s. the doctrine of spiritual 
existence distinct from matter. 

Immate'rialist, s. one who believes in im- 
materiality. 

Immaterial'ity, s. distinctness from body or 
matter, or the quality of being spiritual. 

Immate'rially, ad. in a manner not depend- 
ing upon matter. 

Immate'rialness, s. immateriality. 

Immate'riate, a. void of matter; incorporeal. 

Immatu're, a. not ripe, not perfect ; hasty. 

Immatu'rely, ad. too soon, too early. 

Immatu'rity, s. unripeness, incompleteness. 

Immeabil'ity, J. the quality of being im- 
passable, or not permeable. 

Immeas'urable, a. not to be measuied. 

Immeas'urably, ad. beyond all measure. 

Immechan'ical, a. not mechanical. 

Imme'diacy, s. immediate power. 

Imme'diate, a. with nothing intervening 
either as to place, or action, or time ; in- 
stant ; without delay. 

Imme'diately, ad. presently, instantly. 

Imme'diateness, s. the being immediate. 

Immed'icable, a. not to be healed, past cure. 

Immelo'dious, a. not melodious ; unmusical. 

Immcm'orable, a. unworthy of remembrance. 

Immcmo'rial, a. beyond memory ; in law, 
further back than Edward II. 

Immemo'rially, ad. beyond memory. 

Immen'se, a. unlimited, infinite, huge. 

Immen'sely, ad. without measure, infinitely. 

Immen'sity, 5. unbounded greatness. 

Immen'surable, a. not to be measured. 



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Immensurabil'ity, s. the impossibility of 
being measured from its vastness. 

Immer'ge, v. to plunge under water; to 
enter the rays of the sun. 

Immerlt, s. want of merit ; unworthiness. 

Immerse', v. to dip or put under water or a 
fluid ; to be deeply engaged in. 

Immer'sion, s. a dipping under water. 

Immesh', v. See Enmesh. 

Immethod'ical, a. confused, irregular. 

Immethod'ically, ad. without method. 

Immethod'icalness, s. want of method. 

Im'migrant, $. one who removes into a 
country as a permanent settler. 

Im'migrate, v. to enter or pass into a country 
in order to dwell there. 

Im'migration, s. the passing into a country. 

Im'minence, s. an immediate danger. 

Im'minent, a. impending, threatening. 

Imminu'tion, s. a diminution, a decrease. 

Immiscibil'ity, s. incapacity of being mixed. 

Immis'cible, a. not capable of being mixed. 

Immis'sion, s. a sending in, an injection. 

Immit'igable, a. not to be softened. 

Immix', Immin'gle, v. to mix; to unite. 

Immix'able, a. impossible to be mixed. 

Immobil'ity, s. unmoveableness. 

Immod'erate, a. exceeding moderation, ex- 
cessive ; extravagant. 

Immod'erately, ad. in an excessive degree. 

Immod'erateness, Immodera'tion, s. excess. 

Immod'est, a. indecent, shameless, obscene. 

Immodestly, ad. without modesty. 

Immod'esty, s. a want of purity or delicacy. 

Im'inolate, v. to sacrifice, to offer up. 

Immola'tion, 5. the act of sacrificing. 

Im'molator, s. one that offers in sacrifice. 

Immomen'tous, a. unimportant. 

Immor'al, a. not moral, irreligious, vicious. 

Immorality, s. want of morality, wickedness. 

Immori"gerous, a. unmannered, rude. 

Immor'tal, a. perpetual, never to die. 

Immortal'ity, .?. an exemption from death. 

Immortally, ad. with everlasting life. 

Immortaliza'tion, s. the act of immortalizing. 

Immor'talize, v. to make or become immor- 
tal , to exempt from death. 

Immortifica'tion, s. a state in which the pas- 
sions are not dead, or under subjection. 

Immo'vable, a. that cannot be moved ; firm. 

Immo'vableness, Immovability, s. the state 
of being immovable ; fixedness. 

Immo'vably, ad. so as not to be shaken, 
fixedly, firmly. 

Immund', a. unclean, impure. 

Immundi"city, s. uncleanness ; impurity. 

Immu'nity, s. privilege, exemption, freedom. 

Immu're, v. to enclose within walls. 

Immu'sica], a. harsh, inharmonious. 

Immutability, s. exemption from change. 

Immu'table, a. invariable, unalterable. 

Immu'tableness, s. unchangeableness. 

Immu'tably, ad. unchangeably, invariably. 

Immuta'tion, s. change, alteration. 

Imp, v. to graft, to lengthen. 

Imp, s. a little devil (originally, a scion or 
young slip ; also, a child). 

Im'pact, j. a forcible touch ; impression. 

Impact', v. to drive close or hard. 

Impac'able, a. unrelenting ; not to be 
softened or appeased. 



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Impaint', v. to paint, adorn, decorate. 

Impair', Impairment, s. injury ; decrease. 

Impair', v. to make worse, to weaken. 

Impal'atable, a. not pleasing to the taste. 

Impale', v. Impale'ment, s. See Empale. 

Impal'pable, a. not perceptible by touch. 

Impalpability, s. the state or quality of not 
being palpable. 

Impan'nel, v. to enrol a list of jurors. 

Impar'adise, v. to put into a place of felicity. 

Imparasyllab'ic, a. consisting of an unequal 
number of syllables. 

Impar'donable, a. that cannot be pardoned. 

Imparity, s. disproportion, inequality. 

Imparl', v. (in law) to have a conference. 

Imparlance, s. (in law) a conference. 

Impart', v. to communicate ; to grant. 

Impartial, a. equitable, equal, just. 

Impartiality, s. equitableness, justice. 

Impartially, ad. equitably, without bias. 

Inipart'ible, a. capable of being imparted. 

Impassable, a. that cannot be passed. 

Impass'ableness, s . incapability of passing. 

Impassibility, *. exemption from suffering. 

Impassible, a. incapable of suffering. 

Impass'ion, v. to move with passion. 

Impass'ioned, Inipasslonate, a. strongly 
affected ; full of passion. 

Impass'ive, a. exempt from suffering. 

Impass'iveness, 5. the state of being impassive. 

Impa'ste, v. to form a paste ; to lay on colors 
thick and bold. 

Impat'ible, a. intolerable ; not to be borne. 

Impa'ticnce, s. want of patience ; restless- 
ness ; eagerness. 

Impa'tient, a. eager, not able to endure. 

Impa'tiently, ad. eagerly ; restlessly. 

Impawn', v. to pawn, to give as a pledge. 

Impeach', v. to accuse by public authority. 

Impeach/able, a. accusable ; chargeable. 

Impeach'er, s. a public accuser. 

Impeach'ment, J. a legal accusation. 

Impearl', v. to form like pearls, to adorn. 

Impec'cable, a. not subject to sin, perfect. 

Impeccability, s. exemption from sin. 

Impe'de, v. to hinder, to obstruct. 

Impediment, s. hinderance, obstruction. 

Impedimen'tal, a. hindering ; obstructing. 

Imped'itive, a. causing hinderance. 

Impel', v. to urge forwards ; to press on. 

Impel'lent, s. a power to drive forward. 

Impel'ler, s. one that impels. 

Iinpen', v. to enclose in a narrow place. 

impend', v. to hang over, to be at hand. 

Impend'encc, Impend'ency, s. the state of 
hanging over ; near approach. 

Impend'ent, a. hanging over or near. 

Impending, a. hanging ready to fall. 

Impenetrable, a. that cannot be penetrated 
or discovered ; not to be pierced. 

Impenetrability, Impen'etrableness, s. in- 
susceptibility of impression. 

Impenetrably, ad. so as not to be penetrated. 

Impenitence, Iinpenltency, s. want of re- 
pentance ; hardness of heart. 

Impenitent, s. one who neglects repentance. 

Impenitent, a. obdurate, remorseless. 

Impenltently, ad. without repentance. 

Impen'nous, a. wanting wings. 

Impeo'ple, v. to form into a community. 

Imperative, a. commanding, ordering. 



Imper'atively, ad. in a commanding style. 
Imperato'rial, a. commanding, authoritative. 
Impercep'tible, a. not to be perceived. 
Impercep'tiblcness, s. the quality of being 

imperceptible. 
Impercep'tibly, ad. in a manner not to be 

perceived ; not subject to perception. 
Imperciplent, a. not having perception. 
Imperdibillty, s. the state or quality of 

being imperdible. 
Imper'dible, a. not to be destroyed or lost. 
Imper'feet, a. frail, not complete, defective. 
Imper'fectness, s. the state or quality of being 

imperfect. 
Imperfec'tion, s. a defect, a failure, a fault. 
Imperfectly, ad. not completely, not fully, 
Imper'forable, a. not to be bored through. 
Imperforated, Imperforate, a. not pierced 

through ; closed. 
Impelial, a. relating to an empire ; belonging 

to an emperor ; royal. 
Impe'rialist, s. one belonging to an emperor. 
Impe'rially, ad. in a royal manner. 
Impe'rialty, s. imperial power. 
Imperil, v. to bring into danger. 
Impe'rious, a. haughty, arrogant, lordly. 
Impe'riousness, s. arrogance of command 
Impe'riously, ad. insolently, arrogantly. 
Imperishable, a. not to be destroyed. 
Impermanence, Imper'manency, *. want of 

duration ; instability. 
Impermeability, s. the being impermeable. 
Impermeable, a. not to be passed through. 
Imper'sonal, a. having no person. 
Impersonality, s. indistinction of persons. 
Imper'sonally, ad. without distinction of 

persons ; in an impersonal manner. 
Impersonate, v. to personify. 
Imperspiculty, s. want of perspicuity. 
Imperspic'uous, a. not sufficiently clear. 
Impersua'sible, a. not to be persuaded. 
Imper'tinency, Imper'tinence, s. that which 

does not belong to the matter in hand ; an 

intrusion ; rudeness. 
Imper'tinent, s. an intruder ; a meddler. 
Imper'tinent, a. intrusive, meddling. 
Imper'tinentiy, ad. officiously, intrusively. 
Impertran'sible, a. not to be passed through. 
Imperturb'able, a. incapable of being dis- 
turbed; cool, unmoved. 
Imperturba'tion, s. calmness ; tranquillity. 
Imperturb'ed, a. undisturbed; calm. 
Imper'vious, a. impassable, inaccessible. 
Imperviously, ad. impassably. 
Imper'viousness, s. the state or quality of 

not being pervious. 
Impeti"ginous, a. scurfy; covered with tetters. 
Im'petrate, v. to obtain by entreaty. 
Impetra'tion, s. act of obtaining by entreaty. 
Im'petrative, a. able to obtain by entreaty. 
Im'petratory, a. entreating, beseeching. 
Impetuosity, 5. violence, vehemence. 
Impetluras, a. violent, forcible, fierce. 
Impet'uously, ad. violently ; vehemently. 
Impet'uousness, s. violence ; impetuosity. 
Im'petus, s. a violent effort, force, stroke. 
Impic'tured, a. painted ; impressed. 
Impier'ce, v. to pierce through, to penetrate, 
Impi'ety, 5. wickedness, irreverence. 
Impier'ceable, a. not pierceable. 
Impig'norate, v. to pawn, to pledge. 



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Impignora'tion, s. the act of pawning. 
Im'piousness, s. the state of being impious. 
Impin'ge, v. to fall or strike against, to clash. 
Im'pious, a. wicked, profane, irreligious. 
Im'piously, ad. profanely, wickedly. 
Impla'eable, a. not to be appeased or 

pacified ; inexorable. 
Implacability, Impla'cableness, s. the qua- 
lity of being implacable ; inexorable. 
Impla'cably, ad. in an implacable manner. 
Implant', v. to ingraft, to infix, to insert. 
Implanta'tion, 5. the act of implanting. 
Implau'sible, a. not plausible or specious. 
Implau'sibly, ad. not plausibly ; without 

show of probability. 
Impleach'. v. to interweave. 
Implead, v. to prosecute, or sue at law. 
Implead'er, s. one who indicts another. 
Impled'ge, v. to gage ; to pawn. 
Ini'plement, s. a tool, an instrument, a utensil. 
Imple'tion, s. the act of filling up. 
Im'plex, a. intricate, entangled, complicated. 
Im'plicate, v. to involve in, to embarrass. 
Implication, s. involution, a tacit inference ; 

a necessary consequence. 
Im'plieative, a. having implication. 
Im'plicatively, ad. by implication. 
Impli"cit, a. infolded ; tacitly inferred ; 

founded on the authority of others. 
Implicitly, ad. in an implicit manner. 
Implicitness, s. the state of being implicit. 
Impli'ed, p. and a. comprised in though not 

expressed ; virtual. 
Impliedly, ad. by implication. 
Implora'tion, s. solicitation ; supplication. 
Implo're, v. to ask, beg, beseech, entreat. 
Implo'rer, s. one who implores. 
Implu'med, Implu'mous, a. unfeathered. 
Implun'ge, v. to plunge ; to hurry into, 
imply', v. to infold ; to involve or comprise 

as a consequence or concomitant. 
Impoi'son, v. to corrupt with poison. 
Impoi'sonment, s. the act of poisoning. 
Impol'icy, s. impudence ; indiscretion. 
Impoli'te. a. unpolite, rude, ungenteel. 
Impoli'tely, ad. uncivilly ; impolitely. 
Impoli'teness, s. want of politeness. 
Impolitic, a. imprudent, indiscreet. 
Impoliticly, ad. imprudently ; unwisely. 
Impon'derable, a. that cannot be weighed. 
Impon'derous, a. void of weight, light. 
Imporos'ity, 5. compactness, closeness. 
Impo'rous, a. free from pores; compact. 
Impo'rt, v. to bring commodities from abroad ; 

to mean, to signify ; to concern. 
Im'port, s. any thing imported ; meaning, 

tendency, consequence, importance. 
Import'abie, a. capable of being imported. 
Importance, s. consequence ; moment. 
Impor'tant, a. momentous, of consequence. 
Impor'tantly, ad. weightily ; forcibly. 
Importation, 5. the act of importing ; the 

thing imported ; an import or commodity. 
Impo'rter, J. one who imports. 
Im'portless, a. of no moment. 
Impor'tunacy s. the act of importuning. 
Importunate, a. incessant in solicitation. 
Impor'tunately, ad. with urgent request. 
Impor'tunateness, s. incessant solicitation. 
Impor'tunator, s. an incessant demander. 
Importu'r.e, v. to tease with solicitations. 



Importu'ne, a. unseasonable ; troublesome. 

Importu'nely, ad. troublesomely; incessantly. 

Importu'nity. s. incessant solicitation. 

Impo'se, v. to lay or put on ; to enjoin ; to 
deceive; (with on, as "to impose on.") 

Impo'sable, a. that may be imposed. 

Impo'ser, s. one who imposes. 

Imposition, s. the act of laying on; an in- 
junction ; a tax ; an oppression ; an im- 
posture, deception. 

Impossibil'ity, J. that which cannot be done. 

Impos'sible, a. not possible ; impracticable. 

Im'post, s. a tax ; a custom to be paid. 

Impost'humate, v. to form an abscess. 

Imposthuma'tion, s. the forming of an abscess. 

Imposfhume, s. any swelling or gathering 
of corrupt matter in an abscess. 

Impos'tor, s. one who cheats or imposes upon 
others by a fictitious character. 

Impos'ture, s. a cheat ; a fraud. 

Im'potence, Im'potency, s. want of power, 
incapacity, feebleness, imbecility. 

Im'potent, a. weak, feeble, wanting power. 

Im'potently, ad. without power, weakly. 

Impound', v. to shut up ; to enclose. 

Impo-Zerish, v. to make poor. 

Impov'erisher, s. one who makes others poor. 

Impoverishment, s. the being reduced to 
poverty ; exhaustion. 

Impracticability, Imprac'ticableness, s. the 
state of being impracticable. 

Impracticable, a. impossible, unattainable. 

Imprac'ticably, ad. impossibly. 

Im'precate, v. to pray that evil may come 
upon, to invoke a curse upon. 

Impreca'tion, s. an invocation of evil. 

Im'precatory, a. containing wishes of evil. 

Impre'gn, v. to make prolific. 

Impreghable, a. not to be taken, unmoved. 

Impreg'nably, ad. so as to defy force. 

Impregnate, a. rendered fruitful or prolific. 

Impreg'nate, v. to make prolific. 

Impregna'tion, s. the act of making prolific. 

Impreju'dicate, a. unprejudiced, impartial. 

Imprepara'tion, s. want of preparation. 

Imprescriptible, a. not to be alienated. 

Im'press, s. a mark, a stamp, a device. 

Impress', v. to print, to stamp ; to force. 

Impress'ible, a. that may be impressed. 

Impressibility, s. the being impressible. 

Impres'sion, 5. the act of impressing; a 
mark, a stamp ; an image in the mind ; 
effect, influence ; an edition of a book. 

Impress'ive, a. capable of making an im- 
pression ; forcible ; capable of being im- 
pressed. 

Impressively, ad. in an impressive manner. 

I rnpress'iveness, s. the being impressive. 

Impress'ure, s. a mark made by pressure. 

Im'prest, s. money advanced ; loan. 

Imprimatur, [Lat.] *. a licence to print. 

Im'primis, [Lat.] ad. in the first place. 

Im'print, s. the designation of the person by 
whom, and the place where, a work is 
printed ; a stamp or impression. 

Imprint', v. to pi-int ; to fix on the mind. 
] Impris'on, v. to shut up, to confine. 
! Impris'onment, s. a confinement in prison. 
i Improbabil'ity, s. unlikelihood. 
I Improb'able, a. incredible, unlikely. 
' Improb'ably, ad. without probability. 



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Improba'tion, s. the act of disallowing. 

Improb'ity, s. dishonesty, baseness. 
Improfi"ciency, *. want of improvement. 
Impromp'tu, 5. an extemporaneous composi- 
tion : ad. off hand ; without study. 

Improp'er, a. not proper ; not decent ; unfit. 

Improperly, ad. not fitly ; incongruously. 

Impropi'lious. See Unpropitious. 

Impropo'rtionable, a. out of proportion. 

Impropo'rtionate, a. not adjusted to. 

Impropriate, a. devolved into the hands of 
laymen : v. to convert to private use. 

Impropria'tion, s. the act of impropriating ; 
an ecclesiastical benefice, or church lands 
in the possession of a layman. 

Impro'priator, s. a layman in possession of 
church lands or tithes. 

Impropriety, s. want of propriety. 

Improsperlty, s. want of success. 

Impros'perous, a. unsuccessful. 

Impros'perously, ad. unsuccessfully. 

Impros'perousness, s. want of prosperity. 

Improvable, a. capable of improvement. 

Improve', v. to make better. 

Improvabillty, s. capability of improvement. 

Improv'ableness, s. the being improvable. 

Improbably, ad. so as to improve. 

Improvement, s. the act of improving ; a 
progress from good to better ; instruction. 

Impro'ver, j. anything that meliorates. 

Improvidence, s. want of forethought. 

Improvident, a. wanting care to provide. 

Improv'idently, ad. without forethought. 

Improvis'ion, J. want of forethought. 

Impru'dence, s. want of prudence ; indiscre- 
tion, negligence, folly. 

Impru'dent, a. wanting prudence, injudi- 
cious, indiscreet. 

Imprudently, ad. carelessly, indiscreetly. 

Impudence, s. effrontery, shamelessness. 

Im'pudent, a. shameless, wanting modesty. 

Im'pudently, ad. shamelessly, saucily. 

Impudf'city, s. immodesty; shamelessness. 

Impu'gn, v. to assault, to reproach. 

Impugna'tion, s. opposition ; resistance. 

Impu'gner, s. one who impugns. 

Impuis'sance, s. weakness, inability. 

Im'pulse, s. a communicated force ; a motive. 

Impul'sion, s. agency or influence operating 
upon the mind or body. 

Impul'sive, a. having power to impel. 

ImpulSively, ad. by impulse ; with force. 

Impu'nity, s. exemption from penalty or 
punishment ; freedom from injury. 

Impu're, a. unholy ; unchaste ; drossy. 

Impu'rely, ad. in an impure manner. 

Iinpu'reness, s. the quality of being impure. 

Impu'rity, s. filtliiness, lewdness. 

Impur'ple. See Empurple. 

Impu'table, a. chargeable upon any one. 

Impu'tableness, s. the being imputable. 

Imputation, s. an accusation or charge. 

Imputative, a. that may be imputed. 

Impu'tativcly, ad. by imputation. _ 

Impu'te, v. to charge upon, to attribute to. 

Impu'ter, J. he that imputes. 

Imputres'cible, a. not to be corrupted. 

In, prep, within •- according to : ad. into or 
within some place. 

Inability, a. a want of power, impotence. 

InabStinence, s. a not abstaining from. 



Inaccessibility, s. state of being inaccessible. 
Inaccessible, a. not to be reached, approach- 
ed, or obtained. 

Inaccessibly, ad. so as not to be approached. 

Inac'curacy, s. a want of exactness. 

Inac'curate, a. not exact, not accurate. 

Inac'curately, ad. erroneously, not correctly. 

Inac'tion, s. a cessation from labor ; idleness. 

Inac'tive, a. indolent, sluggish, not diligent. 

Inac'tively, ad. without labor, sluggishly. 

Inactivity, s. idleness ; rest ; sluggishness. 

Inad'equaey, s. insufficiency; defectiveness. 

Inadequate, a. not equal to ; defective. 

Inad'equately, ad. defectively, imperfectly. 

Inadequateness, s. the being inadeauate. 

Inadequa'tion. See Inadequacy. 

Inadmissible, a. not to be allowed. 

Inadver'tence, Inadver'tency, s. inattention. 

Inadver'tent, a. inconsiderate, careless. 

Inadver'tently, ad. negligently, carelessly. 

Inaffabil'ity, s. reservedness in conversation. 

Inaf fable, a. reserved ; uncourteous. 

Inaffecta'tion, s. a state void of affectation. 

Inaid'able, a. not to be assisted. 

Ina'lienable, a. that cannot be alienated. 

Ina'lienableness, s. state of being inalienable. 

Ina'lienably, ad. so as not to be alienated. 

Inalimen'tal, a. affording no nourishment. 

Inalterability, s. the being unchangeable. 

Inalterable, a. that cannot be altered. 

Inamora'to, s. a lover, a fond person. 

Ina'ne, a. void, useless, empty. 

Inanimate, Inan'imated, a. not animated ; 
without life ; dull. 

Inani"tion, s. an emptiness of body. 

Inan'ity, s. emptiness ; vanity. 

Inap'petence, Inap'petency, s. a want of ap- 
petite ; want of inclination. 

Inapplicability, s. unfitness for the purpose. 

Inapplicable, a. incapable of being applied ; 
unfit for. a particular use. 

Inapplica'tion, s. indolence, inactivity. 

Inap'posite, a. unfit, unsuitable, improper. 

Inappreeiable, a. that cannot be appreciated. 

Inapprehensible, a. not intelligible. 

InapprehenSive, a. not noticing ; regardless. 

Inapproach'able, a. not to be approached. 

Inappro'priate, a. unsuited ; not belonging to. 

Inap'titude, s. unfitness ; unsuitableness. 

Inar'able, a. not arable. 

Inarticulate, a. not uttered distinctly. 

Inarticulately, ad. indistinctly, confusedly. 

Inarticulateness, s. indistinctness of speech. 

Inarticula'tion, s. indistinct pronunciation. 

Inartifieial, a. not done by art ; artless, simple. 

Inartifieially, ad. without art. 

Inatten'tion, s. want of attention, neglect. 

Inatten'tive, a. negligent, careless. 

Inatten'tively, ad. carelessly, heedlessly. 

Inaudible, a. not audible, void of sound. 

Inaudlbly, ad. in a manner not to be heard. 

Inaug'ural, a. relating to inauguration. 

Inaug'urate, v. to invest with office. 

Inaugurate, a. invested with office. 

Inaug'uration. s. investiture by a solemn rite ; 
the act of investing. 

Inaug'uvatory, a. inaugural. 

Inaura'tion, s. the act or process of gilding. 

Inaus'picate, a. ill-omened. 

Inauspi'eious, a. ill-omened, unlucky. 

Inauspi"ciously, ad. with bad omen. 



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Inauspf'ciousness, s. the being inauspicious. 
In'being, s. inherence, inseparableness. 
In'born, a. implanted by nature, innate. 
In'breathed, a. infused by inspiration. 
In'bred, a. bred within, innate. 
In'breed, v. to produce or generate within. 
In'ca, s. a Peruvian king or prince. 
Inca'ge, v. to shut up ; to confine. 
Inca'goment, s. confinement in a cage. 
Incalculable, a. beyond calculation. 
Incalculably, ad. so as not to be calculated. 
Incales'cence, s. warmth; incipient heat. 
Incales'cent, a. growing or becoming warm. 
Incamera'tion, s. the act of adding lands or 

revenues to the papal see. 
Incandes'cence, s. incipient white heat. 
Incandes'cent, a. becoming of a white heat. 
Incanta'tion, s. an enchantment, a charm. 
Incan'tatory, a. dealing by enchantment. 
Incan'ton, v. to unite into a canton. 
In capability, s. inability, a disqualification. 
Inca'pable, a. unable, disqualified, unfit. 
Inca'pableness, ■?. incapacity, inability. 
Incapa'cious, a. not capacious, narrow. 
Incapa'ciousness, s. narrowness, want of space. 
Incapacitate, v. to disable, to disqualify. 
Incapacitation, s. disqualification. 
Incapacity, s. inability, a want of power. 
Incar'cerate, v. to imprison, to confine. 
Incarcera'tion, s. imprisonment, confinement. 
Incarn', v. to cover with or generate flesh. 
Incar'nadine, v. to dye red : a. of a red color. 

Incar'nate, a. clothed or embodied in flesh. 

Incarna'te, v. to clothe or embody in flesh. 

Incarna'tion, s. the act of assuming a body. 

Incar'native, s. a medicine that generates 
or covers with flesh. 

Inca'se. See Encase. 

Incau'tious, a. not cautious, unwary, heedless. 

Incau'tiously, ad. unwarily, heedlessly. 

Incau'tiousness, s. want of caution. 

In'cavated, a. made hollow ; bent in. 

Incava'tion, s. a place hollowed out. 

Incend', v. to stir up, to inflame. 

Incen'diary, s. one who sets houses or towns 
on fire ; one who foments strife or sedition. 

[n'cense, J. a perfume exhaled by fire. 

Incen'se, v. to inflame, to provoke. 

Incen'sement, s. heat, fury, rage. 

Incen'sion, s. the act of kindling. 

Incen'sive, s. that which incites or inflames. 

Incen'sor, s. a kindler of anger. 

Incentive, s. an incitement or motive. 

Incen'tivc, a. encouraging, inciting. 

Incep'tion, s. a beginning, a commencing. 

Incep'tivc, a. noting beginning, commencing. 

Incep'tor, s. one who is in his rudiments. 

Incera'tion, s. the act of covering with wax. 

Incer'ative, a. cleaving or sticking to, like wax. 

Incer'tain, a. uncertain; doubtful. 

Incer'titude, Incer'tainty, s. doubtfulness. 

Incess'ancy, s. unintermittcd continuance. 

Inces'sant, a. unceasing, continual. 

Inces'santly, ad. without intermission. 

In'cest, s. criminal connexion of persons with- 
in the prohibited degrees of kindred. 
Inces'tuous, a. guilty of incest. 
Inces'tuousness, s. state of incest. 
Inch, j. a measure, the twelfth part of afoot 
Inch, v. to deal out by inches; to give spa> 
ringly ; to advance by small degrees. 



Inch'meal, a. by the inch, by degrees. 
In'ehoatc, v. to begin, to commence. 
In'choate, a. begun ; entered upon. 
In'choately, ad. in an incipient degree. 
Inchoa'tion, s. the act of beginning. 
Inc'hoative, a. inceptive; noting beginning. 
Inci'de, v. to cut, to cut into, to divide. 
In'cidence, s. an accidental circumstance; a 
casualty ; the direction in which one body 
strikes another. 
In'cident, a. casual, happening by chance: 

s. something happening, a casualty. 
Incidental, a. casual, not intended. 
Incidentally, ad. occasionally; casually. 
Incin'erate, v. to burn to ashes. 
Incinera'tion, s. the act of burning to ashes. 
Incip'ient, a. beginning; arising. 
Incip'iency, s. beginning, commencement. 
Incir'cle. See Encircle. 
Incircumspec'tion, s. a want of caution. 
Incircumscrip'tible, a. not to be limited. 
Inci'se, v. to cut ; to engrave ; to carve. 
Inci'sed, a. cut, made by cutting. 
Incis'ion, Incis'ure, s. a cut, a wound. 
Inci'sive, a. having the quality of cutting. 
Inci'sor, s. a fore-tooth, a cutter. 
Inci'sory, a. having the quality of cutting. 
Incita'tion, Inci'tement, 5. an incentive. 
Inci'te, v. to stir up, to spur, to animate. 
Inci'ter, s. that which or one who incites. 
Incivil'ity, s. rudeness, a want of courtesy. 
Inclasp', v. to hold fast; to clasp. 
In'clavated, a. set firm; fast fixed. 
Inclem'ency, s. cruelty, harshness. 
Inclem'ent, a. unmerciful, harsh, rough. 
Inclinable, a. leaning, tending, willing. 
Inclination, s. a leaning, a tendency towards 

a point ; disposition, affection. 
Incli'natorily, ad. obliquely ; with inclination. 
Incli'natory, a. having the quality of leaning. 
Incli'ne, v. to bend, to lean ; to be disposed. 
Inclip', v. to grasp, to enclose. 
Inclois'ter, v. to shut up in a cloister. 
Inclo'se, Inclo'sure. See Enclose. 
Incloud', v. to ©bscure, to darken. 
Inclu'de, v. to contain ; to comprise. 
Inclusion, s. the act of including. 
Inclu'sive, a. comprehending, enclosing. 
Inclusively, ad. reckoned into the account. 
Incoag'ulable, a. incapable of concretion. 
Incoexis'tence, s. the not existing together. 
Incog', Incog'nito, ad. unknown ; in private. 
Inco"gitable, a. not to be thought of. 
Inco"gitancy, J. a want of thought. 
Inco"gitant, a. thoughtless; inconsiderate. 
Inco"gitantly, ad. without consideration. 
Inco"gitative, a. wanting power of thought. 
Incoherence, Incohe'rency, s. want of cohe- 
rence; incongruity, inconsequence. 
Incoherent, a. inconsistent, disagreeing. 
Incohe'rently, ad. inconsistently, loosely. 
Incolu'mity, s. safety, security. 
Incombustibility, s. the quality of resisting 

fire so that it cannot be burnt. 
Incombus'tible, a. that cannot be consumed 

by fire ; not combustible. 
Incombus'tiblencss, s. incombustibility. 
In'come, s. profit, rent, revenue. 
Incom'ing, a. coming in: s. profit, gain. 
Incommensurability, s. the state of being in- 
commensurable. 



IXC 



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IncommenSnrable, a. not to be measured. 
Incommensurate, a. not admitting one com- 
mon measure. 

Incommen'surately, ad. out of due proportion. 

Incommis'cible, a. that cannot be mixed. 

Incommix'ture, s. the state of being unmixed. 

Incommo'de, v. to trouble, to embarrass. 

Incommo'dious, a. unsuitable, vexatious. 

Incomrao'diously, ad. inconveniently. 

Incommo'diousness, s. inconvenience. 

Incommod'ity, s. Inconvenience ; trouble. 

Incommu'nicable, a. that cannot be commu- 
nicated or imparted. 

Incommunicabillt y, Incommu'nicableness, s. 
the not being communicable. 

Incommu'nicably, ad. in a manner not to be 
communicated' or imparted. 

Ineommu 'nicative. a. not communicative. 

Incommu'table, a. not commutable. 

Incommutabil'ity, s. the state or quality of 
being unchangeable. 

Incompact', a. not compact, not adhering. 

Incom'parable, a. matchless, excellent. 

Incom'parableness, s. excellence beyond com- 
parison. 

Incom'parably, ad. beyond comparison. 

Incompas'sionate, a. void of pity, cruel. 

IncompasSionately, ad. without compassion. 

Incompas'sionateness, s. want of pity. 

Incompatibility, s. inconsistency. 

Incompatible, a. inconsistent with something 
else; wanting agreement. 

Incompatibly, ad. inconsistently. 

Incompetency, .?. inability, insufficiency. 

Incom'petent, a. not adequate, unsuitable. 

Incompetently, ad. unsuitably, unfitly. 

Incomplete, a. not finished, not perfect. 

Incomple'teness, .?. an unfinished state. 

In complex 7 , a. not complicated. 

j v. compliance, s. untractableness, refusal. 

Incompli'ant, a. unyielding to solicitation. 

IncompoSed, a. discomposed, disturbed. 

IneompoSite, a. uncompounded, simple. 

Incompossibillty, s. the quality of not being 
possible with something else. 

Incompos'sible, a. not possible together. 

Incomprehensibillty,Incomprehen'sibleness, 
the quality or state of being incompre- 



Incomprehen'sible, a. inconceivable, not to 
be understood. 

Incomprehensibly, ad. inconceivably. 

Incomprehension, s. want of comprehension. 

Incomprehen'sive, a. not extensive. 

Incompressibillty, s. not having the quality 
of compressibility. 

Incompressible, a. not capable of being com- 
pressed into a less space. 

Inconceal'able, a. that cannot be concealed. 

Inconceivable, a. incomprehensible. 

InconceivSblcness, s. the being inconceivable. 

Inconceivably, ad. beyond comprehension. 

Inconccp'tible, a. not to be conceived. 

Inconcin'nity, s. unaptness ; unsuitableness. 

Inconclu'dent, a. inferring no consequence. 

Inconclusive, a. not conclusive. 

Inconclusively, ad. not conclusively. 

InconcluSiveness, s. a want of rational con- 
viction, want of proof or cogency. 

Inconcoct', a. unripened, immature. 

Inconcoc'tion, s. state of being undigested. 



Inconcur'ring, a. not concurring. 

InconcusSible, a. not to be shaken. 

Incondens'able, a. not condensable. 

Incon'dite, a. irregular, rude, unpolished. 

Incondi'lional, a. without any condition 

Incondf'tionate, a. free from conditions. 

Inconfor'mity, s. want of conformity. 

InconfuSed, a. not confused. 

Ineongeal'able, a. not congealable. 

Inconge'nial, a. not of a like nature. 

Incongruence, Incongruity, s. want of con- 
gruity, unsuitableness. 
I Incon'gruent, a. unsuitable ; inconsistent. 

Incon'gruous, a. inconsistent, not fitting. 

Incongruously, ad. unsuitably. 

Inconnectlon, s. want of just relation. 

InconnexSdly, ad. unconnectedly. 

Inconsequence, s. inconclusiveness. 

InconSequent, a. without regular inference. 

Inconsequen'tial, a. not leading to conse- 
quences ; not conclusive. 

Inconsiderable, a. unworthy of notice. 

Inconsid'erableness, s. small importance. 

Inconsiderably, ad., in a very small degree. 

Inconsid'eracy, s. thoughtlessness. 

Inconsid'erate, a. careless, thoughtless. 

Inconsiderately, ad. thoughtlessly. 

Inconsiderateness, .s. carelessness. 

Inconsidera'tion, j. want of thought. 

Inconsistence, Inconsis'tency, S. incongruity. 

Inconsis'tent, a. not suitable, incompatible. 

Inconsistently, ad. absurdly, incongruously. 

Inconsis'tentness, s. want of consistency. 

Inconsolable, a. not to be comforted. 

InconSonance, s. discordance of sound. 

InconSonancy, s. disagreement with itself. 

Inconspic'uous, a. not conspicuous. 

InconStancy, s. unsteadiness, mutability. 

InconStant, a. not firm, unsteady, changeable. 

InconStantly, ad. unsteadily; changeably. 

Inconsumable., a. not to be wasted. 

Inconsum'mate, a. not completed. 

Inconsumplible, a. incapable of being spent. 

Incontes'table, a. not to be disputed, certain. 

Incontes'tably, ad. indisputably. 

In contiguous, a. not touching or joining. 

Incon'tinence, Incon'tinency, s. want of re- 
straint upon the passions, unchastity. 

Incon'tinent, a. unchaste, lewd : s. one who 
is unchaste. 

Incontinently, crtf.un chastely; without delay. 

Incontrollabie, a. not to be resisted. 

Incontrovertible, a. indisputable, certain. 

Incontrovertlbly, ad. indisputably, certainly. 

Inconve'nience, s. unfitness, a disadvantage. 

Inconve'nience, v. to put to inconvenience. 

Inconve'nient, a. incommodious, unfit. 

Inconve'niently, ad. unseasonably, unfitly. 

InconversSble, a. stiff, formal, unsocial. 
Inconvertible, a. not to be changed. 
Inconvineible, a. not to be convinced. 
Inconvineibly, ad. without conviction. 
Incor'poral, Incorpo'real, a. immaterial, spi- 
ritual, distinct from body. 
Incorporallty, s. immateriality. 
Incor'porally, ad. without body or matter. 
Incorporate, v. to form into one body ; to 

unite: a. united into one body. 
Incorpora'tion, s. UDion into one mass; for* 

mation of a body politic. 
Incorpo'really, ad. immaterially. 



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Incorporelty, s. immateriality. 
Incorrect', a. not accurate, not exact. 
Incorrec'tion, s. want of correction. 
Incorrectly, ad. not in a correct manner. 
Incorrect'ness, s. inaccuracy, carelessness. 
Incorrigibility, s. depravity beyond hope of 

correction or amendment. 
Incorrigible, a. bad beyond amendment. 
Incorligiblcness. s. the being incorrigible. 
Incorrigibly, ad. beyond amendment. 
Incorrupt', a. free from corruption, honest. 
Incorruptibility, s. the being incorruptible. 
Incorruptible, a. not corruptible. 
Incorrup'tion, s. a state of purity. 
Incorrupt'ive, a. free from corruption. 
Incorrupt'ness, s. the state of being incorrupt. 
Incras'sate, v. to thicken : a. thickened. 
Incrassa'tion, s. the act of thickening. 
Incras'sative, a. that tends to thicken. 
Increa'sable, a. that may be increased. 
Incre'ase, v. to grow or make greater. 
In'crease, s. augmentation, produce. 
Increa'seful, a. abundant of produce. 
Increa'ser, s. he who increases. 
Increa'te, Increa'ted, a. not created. 
Incredibility, Incredlbleness, s. the quality 

of being incredible. 
Incredible, a. not to be believed. 
Incredibly, ad. in an incredible manner. 
Incredulity, s. indisposition to believe. 
Incred'ulous, a. not disposed to believe. 
Incred'ulousness, s. hardness of belief. 
In'cremable, a. not consumable by fire. 
In'crement, s. an increase, a produce. 
Increpa'tion, s. the act of chiding, reproof. 
Incres'cent, a. growing; increasing. 
Incrust', Incrus'tate, v. to cover with a crust. 
Incrusta'tion, s. a crust or hard coat. 
Lu'eubate, v. to sit upon eggs, to hatch. 
Incuba'tion, s. the act of sitting upon eggs. 
In'cubus, s. the nightmare. 
Incul'cate, v. to impress by admonitions. 
Inculca'tion, s. the act of inculcating. 
Inculpable, a. unblamable, just, upright. 
Incul'pableness, s. blamelessness. 
[ncul'pably, ad. without blame. 
Inculpate, v. to bring into blame. 
Inculpatory, a. imputing blame. 
Incult', a. uncultivated, unfilled, rude. 
Incultiva'tion, s. neglect of cultivation. 
Incul'ture, s. want of cultivation. 
Incum'bency, s. the holding a benefice. 
Incum'bent, 5. one who possesses a benefice. 
Incum'bent, a. lying upon, imposed as a duty. 
Incum'ber. See Encumber. 
Incur', v. to become liable to ; to deserve. 
Incurability, s. impossibility of cure. 
Incu'rablencss, *. the being incurable. 
Incu'rable,rt. hopeless; not to be cured: s. one 

whose case or disease is hopeless. 
Incu'rably, ad. without remedy or cure. 
Incu'rious, a. careless, inattentive. 
Incuriosity, s. absence of curiosity. 
Incu'riously, ad. without nice examination. 
Incu'riousn'ess, s. the being incurious. 
Incursion, s. an invasion, an inroad. 
Incui^vate, v . to bend : a. curved. 
Incurva'tion, s. the act of bending. 
Incurve, s. to bend; to make crooked. 
Incur'vity, s. incurvation, crookedness. 
Indaga'tion, *. a diligent search, an inquiry. 



In'dagator, s. a searcher, an examiner. 

Indart', ?>. to dart in, to strike in. 

In debt', v. to put under obligation. 

Indebt'ed, a. in debt; obliged to. 

Indebt'ment, 5. the state of being in debt. 

Inde'cency, s. any thing improper or unbe- 
coming; unseemliness. 

Inde'cent, a. unbecoming, immodest. 
1 Inde'cently, ad. without decency. 
i Indecid'uous, a. not falling, evergreen. 
| Indecision, s. want of determination. 
j Indeci'sive, a. not determining, irresolute. 

Indeci'sively, ad. without decision. 

Indeci'siveness, s. the being indecisive. 

Indecli'nable, a. not varied by terminations. 

Indecli'nably, ad. without variation. 

Indecompo'sable, a. not decomposable. 

Indeco'rous, a. indecent, unbecoming. 

Indeco'rously, ad. in an unbecoming manner. 

Indeco'rousness, s. indecency. 

Indeco'rum, s. impropriety of behaviour. 

Indeed', ad. in truth, in reality, in verity. 

Indefatigabillty, Indefatlgableness, s. great 
perseverance ; unweariness. 
j Indefatigable, a. unwearied, untiring. 

Indefatlgably, ad. without weariness. 

Indefeasibillty, s. the being indefeasible. 

Indefea'sible, a. incapable of being defeated 
or made void. 

Indefectibillty, s. the being indefectible. 

Indefec'tible, a. not subject to defect. 

Indefec'tive, a. not defective. 

Indefen'sible, a. that cannot be defended. 

Indefen'sive, a. having no defence. 

Indefi"ciency, 5. the quality of not failing. 

Indefi"cient, a. not failing ; perfect ; complete. 

Indefinable, a. that cannot be defined. 

Indefinite, a. unlimited, undeterminate. 

Indefinitely, ad. in an unlimited manner. 

Indefiniteness, s. state of being undefined. 

Indefinltude, s. an unlimited quantity. 

Indeliberate, a. unpremeditated, rash. 

Indelib'erately, ad. without deliberation. 

Indelibility, s. the qualityof being indelible. 

Indelible, a. not to be erased or annulled. 
I Indelibly, ad. so as not to be effaced. 
! Indelicacy, s. a want of delicacy. 
I Indelicate, a. wanting decency; rude. 

Indelicately, ad. in an indecent manner. 
: Indem'nify, v. to maintain unhurt, to make 

amends, to make good. 
| Indem'nity, s. exemption from punishment. 
j In demon 'strable, a. not to be proved. 
I Indent', v. to cut in the edge like teeth ; to 

notch ; to bind by indentures. 
j Indenta'tion, s. a notch, a cut in the margin, 

an inequality. 
! Inden'ture, s. a covenant or deed indented. 
\ Indepen'dence, Independency, s. freedom; 
exemption from reliance or control. 

Indepen'dent, a. free, not controllable. 

Independently, ad. without dependence. 

Indepen'dents, s. pi. a sect of dissenters, who 
in religious affairs hold that every congre- 
gation is a complete church. 

Indeprehen'sible, a. that cannot be found out. 

Indepri'vable, a. that cannot be taken away. 

Indescribable, a. that cannot be described. 

Indesert', s. a want of worth or merit. 

Indeslnent, a. unceasing; perpetual. 

Indeslnently, ad. without cessation. 



IND 



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Indestructibility, s. the quality of resisting 
destruction or decomposition. 

Indestruc'tible, a. not to be destroyed. 

Indeter'minable, a. not to be fixed or defined. 

lndeter'minate, a. indefinite, not defined. 

Jndetcr'minately, ad. indefinitely. 

Indeter'minateness, s. indcfiniteness. 

Indeterraina'tion, s. want of determination. 

Indeter'niined, a. unsettled; unfixed. 

Jndevo'te, Indevo'ted, a. not attached. 

Indevo'tion, s. a want of devotion, irreligion. 

lndevout', a. irreligious, not devout. 

Indevout'ly, ad. without devotion. 

In'dex, s. a mark or hand to direct to some- 
thing remarkable ; a table of contents to a 
book; pi. indexes or indices. 

Index'ical, a. like or relating to an index. 

Indexlcally, ad. in the manner of an index. 

Indexter'ity, s. awkwardness, sluggishness. 

Jn'dian, a. pertaining to the Indies : s. a 
general name for any native of the East or 
"West Indies, and of the aboriginal inhabi- 
tants of the American continent. 

In'dian-ink, s. a black color or ink, made 
into cakes, and used in drawing. 

In'dian-red, s. a species of ochre. 

In'dian-rubber, s. caoutchouc, an elastic gum 
or resin, produced by incision from the 
sjTinge-tree of Cayenne. 

In'dicant, a. showing, pointing out. 

In'dicate, v. to point out, to show. 

Indica'tion, s. a mark, a sign, a symptom. 

Indicative, a. showing, pointing out; in 
grammar, that mood or mode of the verb 
which indicates or declai-es. 

Xndic'atively, ad. in a manner to point out. 

In'dicator, s. he who, or that which points out. 

In'dicatory, a. demonstrative, pointing out. 

Indi'ct, v. to accuse in a court of law. 

Indi'ctable, a. subject to an indictment. 

Indi'cter, s. one who indicts or accuses. 

Indic'tion, s. a declaration, a proclamation ; 
a mode of computing time by a cycle of 
fifteen years, appointed by Constantine the 
Great, instead of the Olympiads. 

Indic'tive, a. proclaimed; declared. 

lndi'ctment, s. an accusation or impeachment 
before a court of justice. 

Indifference, Indif'ferency, s. neutrality; 
impartiality ; unconccrnedness. 

Indifferent, a. neutral ; unconcerned ; im- 
partial (having no qualities to determine a 
preference, or the contrary, with regard to 
things) ; passable. 

Indifferently, ad. impartially, tolerably. 

In'digence, s. want, poverty, great need. 

Indf'genous, a. born in a country, native. 

In'digent, a. needy, poor, in want. 

Indiges'ted, a. not formed, not concocted. 

Indigestible, a. not digestible. 

Indiges'tion, s. want of digestive powers. 

jndf'gitate, v. to point out with the finger. 

Indi'gn, a. unworthy ; bringing indignity. 

Indignant, a. affected with anger and disdain. 

Indig'nantly, ad. with indignation. 

Indigna'tion, s. anger mixed with contempt. 

Indig'nity, s. contumely; a contemptuous 
injury ; an insulting act. 

In'digo, s. a plant used for dyeing blue. 

Indulgence, s. slothfulness ; carelessness. 

Indil'igent, a. not diligent; careless 



Indil'igently, ad. without diligence. 
Indiminlshable, a. not to be diminished.' 
Indirect', a. not direct or straight ; not fair 

or honest ; tortuous or wrong. 
Indirection, s. indirectness ; unfairness. 
Indirect'ly, ad. in an indirect manner. 
Indirect' ncss, s. obliquity ; unfairness. 
Indiscernible, a. not discernible. 
Indiscern'ibleness, s. the state or quality of 

not being discernible. 
Indiscern'ibly, ad. so as not to be perceived. 
Indiscerp'tible, a. not to be separated. 
Indis'ciplinable, a. incapable of discipline. 
IndiscoVerable, a. not to be discovered. 
Indiscreet', a. imprudent, injudicious. 
Indiscreetly, ad. imprudently, foolishly. 
Indiscre'te, a. not separated or distinguished. 
Indiscre"tion, j. imprudence, rashness. 
Indiscrim'inate, a. not separated, confused. 
Indiserim'inately, ad. without distinction. 
Indiscrim'inating, a. making no distinction. 
Indiscrimina'tion, .?. want of discrimination. 
Indispensabil'ity, Indispen'sableness, s. tho 

state or quality of being indispensable. 
Indispen'sable, a. not to be dispensed with. 
Indispen'sably, ad. necessarily. 
Indispo'se, v. to make unfit, to disorder. 
Indispo'sed, p. andrt. disordered, disqualified. 
Indispo'sedness, s. unfitness or disinclination. 
Indisposf'tion, s. a disorder of health ; dislike. 
Indis'putable, a. not to be disputed. 
Indis'putableness, J. certainty ; evidence. 
Indis'putably, ad. beyond dispute. 
Indissoluble, a. binding for ever, firm, stable. 
Indissol'ubleness, Indissolubility,*, the state 

or quality of being indissoluble; stability 

firmness. 
Indis'solubly, ad. so as not to be dissolved. 
Indissol'vable, a. that cannot be dissolved. 
Indistinct', a. not plainly marked ; confused. 
Indistinc'tion, s. confusion ; uncertainty. 
Indistinct'ly, ad. uncertainly, obscurely. 
Indistinct'ness, 5. uncertainty, obscurity. 
Indistinguishable, a. not distinguishable. 
Indistur'bance, s. calmness, peace, quiet. 
Indi'te, v. to compose ; to write. 
Indi'ter, 5. a writer ; one who composes 
Indivi'dable, a. not capable of division. 
Individ'ual, a. undivided ; numerically one. 
Individ'ual, s. a single person or thing. 
Individuality, s. the state of a separate or 

distinct existence. 
Individualize, v. to separate, to single out. 
Individ'ually, ad. separately, one by one. 
Individ'uate, v. to distinguish from others of 

the same species : a. undivided. 
Individuation, s. the act of making single. 
Individu'ity, s. separate existence. 
Indivisibility, Indivislbleness, s. the state 

or quality of being indivisible. 
Indivisible, a. that cannot be divided. 
Indivislbly, ad. so that it cannot be divided. 
Indo"cile, Indo"cible, s. not capable of being 

taught ; unteachable, untractable. 
Indocillty, s. untractablencss, dulness. 
Indoctrinate, v. to teach, to instruct. 
Indoctrina'tion, s. instruction ; information. 
In'dolence, s. laziness, habitual idleness. 
In'dolent, a. lazy, listless, careless. 
In'dolently, ad. lazily, listlessly. 
Indomitable, a. that cannot be tamed. 



IND 



141 



INF 



Indo'rse. See Endorse. 
In'drauglit, s. an inlet, a passage inwards. 
Indrench', v. to soak, to drown. 
Indubious, Indu'bitable, a. not doubtful. 
Indu'bitableness, s. the state or quality of 

being indubitable. 
Indu'bitably, ad. unquestionably, certainly. 
Indu'bitate, a. undoubted, certain, evident. 

Indu'ce, v. to persuade, influence, bring on. 

Inducement, s. a motive for doing a thing. 

Indu'cer, s. a persuader ; one that influences. 

Indu'cible, a. that may be induced. 

Induct', v. to put in possession of an ecclesi- 
astical benefice ; to bring in. 

Inductile, a. not ductile. 

Induc'tion, s. a bringing in ; admission to a 
benefice ; a mode of reasoning from parti- 
cular facts to general principles. 

Inductive, a. proceeding by induction. 

mduc'tively, ad. by induction; by inference. 

Tnduct'or, s. one who inducts. 

Indue', v. to clothe ; to invest ; to furnish. 

Indulge, v. to favor, to humor, to gratify. 

Indulgence, Indul'gency, s. fondness, favor 
granted, kindness, gentleness, tenderness; 
forbearance. 

Indul'gent, a. kind, mild, favoring. 

Indul'gently, ad. favorably ; kindly. 

Indul'ger, ,?. one who indulges. 

In'durate, v. to make hard, to harden the 
mind ; to render one unfeeling. 

In'durate, a. made hard; impenitent. 

Induration, s. hardness, obduracy. 

Industrious, a. diligent, laborious. 

Industriously, ad. laboriously, diligently. 

In'dustry, s. assiduity, habitual diligence. 

In'dweller, s. an inhabitant, a resident. 

Ine'briant, a. intoxicating: s. anything that 
intoxicates or stupifies, as opium. 

Ine'briate, v. to intoxicate, to grow drunk. 

Inebriation, s. drunkenness, intoxication. 

Inebri'ety, s. drunkenness, intoxication. 

. ned'ited, a. unpublished ; not put forth. 

Ineffable, a. unspeakable', inexpressible. 

Inef'fableness, Ineffabirity, s. unspeakable- 
ness, unutterableness. 

Ineffably, ad. unspeakably. 

Ineffective, a. not effective. 

Ineffectively, ad. without effect. 

Ineffectual, a. powerless, weak. 

Ineffectually, ad. without effect, in vain. 

Ineffectualness, s. want of effect. 

Inefferves'cent, a. not effervescing. 

Inefficacious, a. ineffectual, feeble, weak. 

Ineffiea'ciously, ad. without efficacy. 

Inefficacy, Ineffica'ciousness, s. want of effi- 
cacy or power. 

Ineffi"ciuncy, s. want of power ; inactivity. 

Ineffi"cicnt, a. not efficient; ineffective. 

InefrY'ciently, ad. without due effect. 

Inelaborate, a. not done with much care. 

Inelastic, a. wanting elasticity. 

Inelasti"city, s. want of elastic power. 

lnel'egance, s. want of elegance or beauty. 

Inel'egant, a. not elegant. 

Inelegantly, ad. without elegance. 

Ineligible, a. not fit to be chosen. 

Ineligibility, s. unfitness to be chosen. 

Inel'oquent, a. not fluent; not persuasive. 

Inel'oquently, ad. without eloquence. 

Inept', a. not apt or fit; foolish. 



Ineptitude, s. unfitness, unsuitableness. 
Ineptly, ad. unfitly, foolishly. 
Inept'ness, s. unfitness, ineptitude. 
Ine'qual, Ine'quable, a. unequal, uneven. 
Inequality, s. unevenness, disproportion. 
Ineq'uitable, a. not equitable, unjust. 
Inerm', Inerm'ous, a. (in botany) destitute 

of thorns or prickles ; unarmed. 
Iner'rable, a. exempt from error. 
Iner'rably, ad. without error. 
Inerraf ic, a. fixed ; not wandering. 
Iner'ringly, ad. without error. 
Inert', a. sluggish, motionless, dull. 
Inertia, s. sluggishness, inactivity; inability 

to move of itself. 
Inertltude, s. the state of being inert. 
Inertly, ad. sluggishly, dully, heavily. 
Inert' ness, s. want of motion. 
Ines'cate, v. to lay a bait for ; to allure. 
Inestimable, a. above all price, invaluable. 
Ines'timably, ad. above all price. 
Inevldcnt, a. not plain, obscure. 
Inevitability, s. impossibility to be avoided. 
Inevitable, a. unavoidable, not to be escaped. 
Inevltablencss, s. inevitability; certainty. 
Inevitably, ad. without possibility of escape. 
Inexact'ness, s. want of precision. 
Inexcit.able, a. not excitable. 
Inexcu'sable, a. not to be excused orpalliated. 
Inexcu'sableness, s. the being inexcusable. 
Inexcu'sably, ad. to a degree beyond excuse. 
Inexecution, s. non-performance. 
Inexhalable, a. notexhalable. 
Inexhaust'ed, a. not exhausted, unspent. 
Inexhaustible, a. not to bo drained. 
Inexhaustlblencss, Inexhaustibility, s. the 

state or quality of being inexhaustible. 
Inexhaustlve, a. not to be exhausted. 
Inexistence, s. want of being or existence. 
Inexistent, a. not in being, not existing. 
Inexorability, s. state of being inexorable. 
Inex'orable, a. not to be moved by entreaty. 
Inex'orableness, s. the being inexorable. 
Inex'orably, ad. in an unyielding manner. 
Inexpectation, s. a state of not expecting. 
Inexpe'dience, s. want of fitness or propriety. 
Inexpe'dient, a. not expedient, not fit. 
Inexpe'rience, s. a want of experience. 
Inexpe'rienced, a. wanting experience. 
Inexpert', a. unskilful, unskilled, unhandy 
Inex'piable, a. not to be atoned for. 
Inex'piably, ad. beyond atonement. 
Inexplain'able, a. that cannot be explained. 
Inex'plicable, a.ircapableofbcingexplained. 
Inex'plicablencss, s. the being inexplicable. 
Inex'plicably, ad. so as not to be explained. 
Inexplo'rable, a. not to be discovered. 
Inexpressible, a. not to be told, unutterable. 
Inexpressibly, ad. unutterably. 
Inexpressive, a. ineffable. 
Inexpug'nable, a. not to bo taken by assault. 
Inextincf, a. not quenched, not put out. 
Inextin'guishable, a. unquenchable. 
Inextin'guishably, ad. unquencbably. 
Inextifpable, a. not to be rooted out. 
Inextricable, a. not to be disentangled. 
Inextricableness, s. the being inextricable. 
Inextricably, ad. so as not to be extricated. 
Ineye', v. to inoculate, to ingraft. 
Infallibility, s. exemption from error. 
Infallible, a. incapable of mistake. 



INF 



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INF 



Infallibly, ad. with security from error. 

Infa'me, v. to defame ; to censure publicly. 

In'famous, a. notoriously bad, shameless. 

In'famously, ad. shamefully, scandalously. 

In'famy, s. public disgrace, disrepute. 

In'iancy, s. the first part of life ; the begin- 
ning of any thing. 

In'fant, s. a young child ; in law, a person 
under twenty-one years of age; in Spain 
and Portugal, any son of the king, except 
the heir-apparent. 

In'fant, a. young, tender; not mature. 

Infan'ta, s. a princess of the blood royal in 
Spain and Portugal. 

Infan'ticide, s. the murder of infante. 

In'fantile, Infantine, a. like an infant. 

In'fantry, s. the foot soldiers of an army. 

Infarc'tion, s. stuffing, constipation. 

Infat'uate, v. to make foolish; to bewitch. 

Infat'uate, Infat'uated, a. stupified; wild. 

Infatua'tion, s. the act of striking with folly. 

Infeasibillty, s. impracticability. 

Infeas'ible, a. impracticable ; not to be done. 

Infect', v. to taint, to poison, to pollute. 

Infect'er, s. that which infects. 

Inflores'cence, s. the mode of flowering. 

Infec'tion, s. the communication of disease 
by contagion, a corrupt effluvium. 

Infec'tious, a. contagious, apt to infect. 

Infec'tiously, ad. by infection. 

Infec'tiousness, s. the being infectious. 

Infec'tive, a. communicating disease. 

Infe'cund, a. unfruitful, barren. 

Infecun'dity, s. want of fertility. 

Infeli"city, s. unhappiness, misery, calamity. 

Infeoff'. See Enfeoff. 

Infer', v. to conclude from, to induce. 

In'ferable, Infer'rible, a. deducible. 

In'ference, s. a conclusion from premises. 

Infe'rior, s. one lower in rank or station. 

Infe'rior, a. lower in place, value, or station. 

Inferior'ity, s. lower state of dignity or value. 

Infer'nal, a. hellish, diabolical. 

Infsr'tilc, a. unfruitful, barren. 

Infertility, s. unfruitfulness, barrenness. 

Infest', v. to annoy, harass, disturb, plague. 

Infesta'tion, s. molestation ; annoyance. 

Infes'tive, a. void of mirth or pleasantness. 

Infestiv'ity, s. want of cheerfulness. 

Infeuda'tion, s. the act of putting one in pos- 
session of a fee or estate. 

In'fidel, s. an unbeliever; one who rejects 
Christianity : a. unbelieving. 

Infidel'ity, s. unbelief; unfaithfulness. 

In'finitc, a. unbounded, immense, unlimited. 

In'finitely, ad. without limits, immensely. 

In'finiteness, s. immensity, infinitude. 

Infinites'imal, a. infinitely small. 

Infin'itive, a. not limited or bounded. 

Infin'itude, s. infinity; boundless number. 

Infinity, 5. immensity, boundlessness. 

Infiririi a. weak of body or mind ; not solid. 

Infirm'ary, s. an hospital for the sick. 

Infirmity, s. weakness, failing, disease. 

Infirm'ness, s. weakness, feebleness. 

Infix', v. to fix in, to implant. 

Infla'me, v. to set on fire; to irritate. 

Infla'mer, s. the thing or person that inflames. 

Inflammability, Inflam'mableness, s. tho 
quality of easily catching fire. 

Inflam'mable, a. easy to be set on fire. 



Inflamma'tion, s. the state of being in a 
flame ; a hot swelling ; an unnatural heat. 

Infiam'matory, a. having power to inflame. 

Infla'te, v. to swell or puff up with wind. 

Infla'tion, j. the act of being inflated or 
swelled ; flatulence. 

Inflect', v. to bend, to change, to vary. 

Inflection, s. the act of bending; modulation 
of the voice ; variation of nouns -or verbs ia 
their terminations. 

Inflec'tive, a. having the power of bending. 

Inflex'ed, a. bent ; turned. 

Inflexibility, s. stiffness, obstinacy. 

Inflexible, a. not to be bent, immovable. 

Inflexlbleness, s. inflexibility. 

Inflexibly, ad. inexorably. 

Inflict', v. to lay a punishment upon. 

Inflict'er, s. one who punishes. 

Infiic'tion, s. the act of using punishments. 

Inflic'tive, a. tending or able to inflict. 

Influence, s. an ascendant power. 

In'fiuence, v. to have power over, to bias. 

In'fluent, a. flowing or running into. 

Influential, a. having influence or power. 

Influen'tially, ad. in an influential manner. 

Influen'za, s. an epidemic disease. 

Influx, 5. the act of flowing into ; infusion. 

Influxlon, s. infusion ; intromission. 

Influxlve, a. having a tendency to flow in. 

Infold, v. to wrap up, to enclose. 

Infoliate, v. to cover with leaves. 

Infor'm, v. to tell, to instruct ; to animate. 

Infor'mal, a. irregular, disorderly. 

Informality, s. want of attention to forms. 

Inform'ally, ad. irregularly ; without form. 

Inform'ant, s. one who informs. 

Informa'tion, s. intelligence given, instruc- 
tion ; charge or accusation preferred. 

Inform'er, s. one who gives intelligence. 

Informldable, a. not to be feared. 

Informlty, s. shapeiessness, irregularity. 

Inform'ous, a. shapeless ; of no regular figure, 

Infor'tunate, a. unhappy, unlucky. 

Infract', v. to break ; to violate. 

Infrac'tion, s. the act of breaking ; violation. 

Infrac'tor, s. one who violates an agreement. 

Infran'gible, a. not to be broken ; strong. 

Infre'quence, Infre'quency, s. uncommon- 
ness, rareness. 

Infre'quent, a. rare, uncommon, unusual. 

Infri"gidate, v. to chill, to make cold. 

Infrigida'tion, s. the act of rendering cold. 

Infrin'ge, v. to break a contract. 

Infringement, s. a violation, a breach. 

Infrin'ger, s. one who violates or infringes. 

In'fucate, v. to cover with paint ; to daub. 

Infu'med, a. dried in smoke. 

Infu'riate, a. enraged, raging. 

Infu'riate, v. to fill with rage or fury. 

Infus'cate, v. to darken, to obscure. 

Infus'cation, s. the act of making dark. 

Infu'se, v. to pour in, to instil, to inspire. 

Infu'ser, s. one who infuses. 

Infusibillty, s. the capacity of being infused; 
the incapacity of being fused or dissolved. 

Infu'sible, a. that may be infused ; incapable 
of fusion. 

Infu'sion, s. the act of pouring in or steeping. 

Infu'sive, a. having the power of infusion. 

Infu'sory, a. applied to an order of minute 
animalcula. 



ING 



143 



INN 



Ingath'ering, s. the getting in the harvest. 

Ingem'inate, v. to double ; to repeat often. 

Ingemination, s. repetition ; reduplication. 

Ingen'erable, a. not generable. 

Ingen'erate, v. to beget ; to produce. 

Ingen'erated, a. inborn ; innata ; inbred. 

Inge'nious, a. witty, inventive, clever. 

Inge'niously, ad. in an ingenious manner. 

Inge'niousness, s. the being ingenious. 

Ingen'ite, a. inborn, innate, native. 

Ingenuity, s. wit, invention, talent. 

Ingen'uous, a. fair, open, generous, noble. 

Ingen'uously, ad. openly, fairly, candidly. 

Ingen'uousness, s. openness ; candour. 

Ingest', v. to throw into the stomach. 

Ingestion, s. act of throwing into the stomach. 

In'gle, s. a fire or fire-place ; a blaze. 

Inglo'rious, a. dishonorable ; disgraceful. 

Inglo'riously, ad. with ignominy. 

In'got, s. a mass of unwrought metal. 

Ingraff, Ingraft', v. to plant or insert the 
sprig of one tree in the stock of another ; 
to fix deep. 

Ingraft/ment, s. the act of ingrafting. 

Ingrain', v. to dye in grain ; to infix deeply. 

In'grate, s. an ungrateful person. 

In'grate, Ingra'teful, a. ungrateful. 

Ingra'tiate, v. to get into favor. 

Ingra'tiating, s. the act of getting into favor. 

Ingrat'itude, s. want of gratitude. 

Ingrav'idate, v . to impregnate. 

Ingravida'tion, s. the state of pregnancy. 

Ingre'dient, s. a part of any compound. 

In'gress, s. entrance, power of entrance. 

Ingres'sion, s. the act, of entering. 

In'guinal, a. belonging to the groin. 

Ingulf, v. See Engulf. 

Ingur'gitate, v. to g^rge, to swallow up. 

Ingurgita'tion, s. the act of swallowing. 

Ingust'able, a. not perceptible by the taste. 

Inhabil'ity, s. unskilfulness ; unfitness. 

Inhab'it, v. to dwell in, to occupy. 

Inhab'itable, a. that maybe inhabited. 

Inhabitancy, s. residence ; domiciliation. 

Inhabitant, s. one who dwells in a place. 

Inhabita'tion, s. the act of inhabiting. 

Inhab'iter, s. one that inhabits ; a dweller. 

Inhalation, s. the act of respiring. 

Inha'le, v. to draw in with the air. 

Inharmon'ic, Inharmon'ical, a. discordant. 

Inharmo'nious, a. unmusical, not sweet. 

Inharmo'niously, ad. without harmony. 

Inhe're, v. to exist in something else. 

Inhe'rence, Inhe'rency, s. inseparable exist- 
ence in something else. 

Inhe'rent, a. existing in something else ; in- 
nate, inborn ; abiding in. 

Inhe'rently, ad. by inherence. 

Inher'it, v. to possess by inheritance. 

Inheritable, a. obtainable by succession. 

Inher'itably, ad. by inheritance. 

Inheritance, s. an hereditary possession. 
Inheritor, s. an heir, one who inherits. 
Inheritress, Inheritrix, s. an heiress. 
Inher'se, v. to enclose in a monument. 
Inhe'sion, s. inherence. 
Initiation, s. a gaping after ; eager desire. 
Inhibit, v. to prohibit, to restrain. 
Inhibition, s. a prohibition, a restraint. 
Inho'ld, v. to contain in itself. 
Inhos'pitable, a. unkind to strangers. 



Inhos'pitably, ad. unkindly to strangers. 

Inhoop', v. to confine in an enclosure. 

Inhospital'ity, s. a want of hospitality. 

Inhu'man, a. barbarous, savage, cruel. 

Inhumanity, .?. savageness, cruelty. 

Inhu'manly, ad. cruelly, barbarously. 

Inhu'mate, Inhu'me, v. to bury, to inter. 

Inhumation, s. a burying, a sepulture. 

Inima"ginable, a. inconceivable 

Inimical, a. unfriendly, hostile. 

Inimitabillty, s. the being inimitable. 

Inimitable, a. that cannot be imitated. 

Inimitably, ad. beyond imitation. 

Iniq'uitous, a. unjust, wicked, sinful. 

Iniq'uity, s. injustice, wickedness, sin. 

Ini'tial, s. the first letter of a name : a. placed 
at the beginning. 

Initi"ate, v. to introduce or admit into ; to 
instruct in the rudiments or first piln- 
ciples : a. newly admitted ; unpractised. 

Initiation, s. the act of admitting a person 
into any order or faculty. 

Initiatory, a. introductory, serving to ini- 
tiate : s. an introductory rite. 

Inject', v. to throw or dart in. 

Injection, s. the act of injecting. 

Inju'dicable, a. not cognizable by a judge. 

Injudicial, a. not according to law. 

Injudi"cious, a. not judicious, unwise. 

Injudi"ciously, ad. with ill judgment. 

Injudi"ciousness, s. want of judgment. 

Injunction, s. a command, an order. 

In'jure, v. to wrong, to hurt unjustly. 

In'jurer, s. one who wrongs another. 

Injulious, a. unjust, hurtful, destructive. 

Injuriously, ad. wrongfully, with injustice. 

Inju'riousness, s. the being injurious. 

In'jury, s. mischief, outrage, annoyance. 

Injustice, s. unfair dealing, iniquity. 

Ink, s. a liquid used in writing and printing. 

Ink, v. to blacken or daub with ink. 

Ink'horn, s. a oase for ink and pens. 

In'kle, j. a kind of narrow fillet, a tape. 

Inkling, a-, a hint, a whisper, an intimation. 

Ink'stand, s. a stand for holding ink. 

lnk'y, a. black as ink, resembling ink. 

Inla'ce,^. to embellish with variegations. 

Inland, a. remote from the sea, interior. 

Inlandish, a. native ; opposed to outlandish. 

Inlapldate, v. to turn into stone. 

Inlaw 7 , v. to clear of outlawry. 

Inlay', v. to veneer ; to variegate wood. 

Inlaying, s. the act of inserting strips of 
wood, &c. to ornament furniture. 

Inlet, s. an entrance, a passage into. 

Inlock', v. to lock one thing in another. 

Inly, ad. internally, secretly, in the heart. 

In'mate, s. a lodger, an in-dweller. 

In'most, In'nermost, a. most within. 

Inn, s. a house of entertainment for travel- 
lers ; a house where students were lodged 
and taught, (as "the inns of court") : v. 
to take up temporary lodging. 

Innate, a. inborn, ingenerate, natural. 

Innateness, s. the quality of being innate. 

Innavigable, a. not navigable. 

In'ner, a. interior, more inward. 

Inn'keeper, s. one who keeps a house of en- 
tertainment for travellers. 

In'nings, s. pi. lands recovered from the sea ; 
a term in the game of cricket. 



INN 



144 



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Iu'nocence, In'nocency, s. purity, harmless- 
ness, simplicity of heart and manners. 

In'nocent, s. one free from guilt or harm. 

In'nocent, a. pure, harmless, innoxious. 

In'nocently, ad. without guilt ; harmlessly. 

Innoo'uous, a. harmless in effects. 

Innoc'uously, ad. without harm. 

Innoc'uousnesss, s. harmlessness. 

Innova'te, v. to introduce novelties. 

Innovation, j. change effected by the intro- 
duction of something new. 

In'novator, s. one who makes innovations. 

Innoxious, a. not hurtful, harmless. 

Innoxlously, ad. without harm. 

Innoxlousness, s. harmlessness. 

Innuen'do, Inuen'do, s. an oblique hint. 

Innumerabil'ity, s. the being innumerable. 

Innumerable, a. not to be numbered. 

Innumerably, ad. without number. 

Innu'merous, a. too many to be counted. 

Innutri'tion, s. failure of nourishment. 

Innutri'tious, a. not affording nourishment. 

Inobe'dience, s. disobedience. 

Inobe'dient, a. not yielding obedience. 

Inobserv'able, a. unworthy of observation. 

Inobservance, s. want of observance. 

Inobserva'tion, s. want of observation. 

Inoc'ulate, v. to insert the bud of one tree into 
the stock of another ; to communicate dis- 
ease by inserting infectious matter. 

Inocula'tion, s. the act of inoculating. 

Inoc'ulator, s. one who practises inoculation. 

Ino'dorate, a. having no scent or odour. 

Ino'dorous, a. void of the quality of scent. 

Inoffen'sive, a. harmless, innocent, hurtless. 

Inoffen'sively, ad. innocently, harmlessly. 

Inoffen'siveness, 5. harmlessness. 

Inoffi"cial, a. not proceeding from authority. 

Inoffi'cially, ad. without the usual forms. 

Inop'erate, a. producing no effect. 

Inopera'tion, s. agency ; influence. 

Inop'inate, a. not expected, sudden. 

Inopportu'ne, a. unseasonable, inconvenient. 

Inopportunely, ad. unseasonably. 

Inoppress'ive, a. not burdensome ; easy. 

Inop'ulent, a. not wealthy or affluent. 

InorHinacy, s. irregularity; disorder. 

Inor'dinate, a. irregular, disorderly. 

Inor'dinately, ad. irregularly ; not rightly. 

Inor'dinateness, s. the being inordinate. 

Inordina'tion, s. deviation from right. 

Inorgan'ical, a. destitute of proper organs. 

Inorganically, ad. without organs. 

Inor'ganized, a. having no organic structure. 

Inos'culate, v. to unite by contact. 

Inoscula'tion, s. a union by conjunction. 

In'quest, s. a judicial inquiry or examination. 

Inquieta'tion, s. disturbance; annoyance. 

Inqui'etude, s. uneasiness, disquiet. 

In'quinate, v. to pollute, defile, corrupt. 

Inquina'tion, s. a pollution, a corruption. 

Inqui'rable, a. that may be inquired into. 

Inqui're, v. to ask about, to seek out. 

Inqui'rent, a. making inquiry. 

Inqui'rer, s. one who inquires. 

Inquiring, a. given to inquiry. 

Inqui'ry, s. the act of inquiry ; search. 

Inquisition, s. a judicial inquiry ; a court in 
Spain, &c. for the detection of heresy. 

Inquisitional, a. relating to the inquisition. 

Inquisitive, it. prying, curious. 



Inquisitively, ad. with narrow scrutiny. 

Inquisltiveness, s. the quality of being in- 
quisitive ; proneness to pry into things. 

Inquisitor, s. a judge of the inquisition. 

Inquisito'rial, a. like an inquisitor. 

Inquisito'rious, a. making strict inquiry. 

Inrail', v. to enclose with rails. 

In'road, s. an incursion, a sudden invasion. 

Insalu'brious, a. unhealthy, bad. 

Insalu'brity, s. unwholesomeness. 

InsaHitary, a. unhealthy, unwholesome. 

Insan'able, a. incurable, irremediable. 

Insa'ne, a. unsound in intellect, mad. 

Insa'neness, Insanity, s. madness. 

Insap'ory, a. tasteless ; wanting flavor. 

Insa'tiable, Insa'tiate, a. not to be satiated. 

Insa'tiableness, s. the being insatiable. 

Insa'tiably, ad. with extreme greediness. 

Insa'tiately, ad. so as not to be satisfied. 

Insati'ety, s. the state of being unsatisfied. 

Insat'urable, a. that cannot be saturated. 

Inscri'be, v. to write upon ; to dedicate. 

Inscri'ber, s. one who inscribes. 

Inscrip'tion, s. a title, name, or character 
written or engraved upon any thing. 

Inscrip'tive, a. bearing inscription. 

Inscro'l, v. to write on a scroll. 

Inscrutability, s. inscrutableness. 

Inscru'table, a. hidden, unsearchable. 

Inscru'tableness, s. the being inscrutable. 

Inscru'tably, ad. so as not to be traced out. 

Insculp', v. to engrave, to cut on. 

Insculp'ture, s. any thing engraved. 

Inseam', v. to mark by a seam or scar. 

In'sect, s. a small creeping or flying animal. 

Insecta'tor, s. one that persecutes or ha- 
rasses with pursuit. 

Insec'tile, a. having the nature of insects. 

Insec'tion, s. the act of cutting into. 

Insecti/orous, a. feeding on insects. 

Insecu're, a. not secure, not safe. 

Insecu'rely, ad. unsafely ; without certainty. 

Insecu'rity, s. unsafcty, hazard, danger. 

Inseminate, v. to sow; to insert seed. 

Insemina'tion, ■?. the act of sowing seed. 

Insen'sate, a. stupid, wanting thought. 

Insensibility, .>•. stupidity, torpor. 

Insen'sible, a. void of sense ; imperceptible. 

Insen'sibly, ad. imperceptibly. 

Insen'tient, a. not having perception. 

Inseparability, Insep'arableness, s. the state 
or quality of being inseparable. 

Inseparable, a. not to be separated. 

Inseparably, ad. with indissoluble union. 

Insep'arate, a. not separate, united. 

Insep'arately, ad. so as not to be separated. 

Insert', v. to place among other things. 

Inser'tion, s. the act of inserting ; the thing 
inserted. 

Inser'vient, a. conducive to some end. 

Inset', v. to implant, to infix. 

Inshell', v. to hide in a shell. 

Inshel'ter, v. to place under shelter. 

Inshri'ne. See Enshrine. 

In'side, s. the inward or internal part. 

Insidlate, v. to lie in ambush for. 

Insidlator, s. one who lies in ambush. 

Insidious, a. treacherous, sly. 

Insidiously, ad. slily, treacherously. 

Insidlousness, s. craftiness, deceit.^ 

In'sight, s. an inspection; a deep view. 



INS 

Insig-'nia, s. distinguishing marks of office or 
honor; ensigns, arms. 

Insignificance, Insignificancy, s. unimpor- 
tance ; want of meaning. 

Insignificant, a. unimportant, trifling. 

Insignificantly, ad. without meaning. 

Insignif icative, a. not expressing by signs. 

Insince're, a. not sincere, unfaithful. 

Insinee'rely, ad. without sincerity. 

Insincerity, s. dissimulation, want of truth. 

Insin'ew, v. to strengthen, to confirm. 

Insin'uate, v. to introduce gently, to creep 
in; to instil, to hint. 

Insinuation, s. the act of insinuating. 

Insin'uative. a. stealing on the affections. 

Insin'uator, s. one who insinuates. 

Insip'id, a. void of taste ; dull, flat. 

Insipid'ity, s. want of taste or spirit. 

Insip'idly, ad. without taste ; without spirit. 

Insip'ience, s. silliness, foolishness. 

Insist', v. to persist in, to urge. 

Insis'tent, a. standing or resting upon, 

Insf'tiency, s. an exemption from thirst. 

Insf'tion, s. the act of grafting ; a graft. 

Insna're. See Ensnare. 

Insobri'ety, s. drunkenness, intemperance. 

lnso'ciable, a. not sociable. 

Insola'tion, s. exposure to the sun; the in- 
fluence of a scorching sun on the brain, a 
sun-stroke. 

In'solence, s. pride, haughtiness. 

In'solent, a- Haughty, proud, overbearing. 

In'solently, ad. haughtily, rudely. 

Insolid ity, s. want of solidity ; weakness. 

Insolubility, s. wanting solubility. 

Insol'uble, a. not soluble. 

Insol'vable, a. not to be solved or paid. 

Insolvency, s. an inability to pay debts. 

Insolvent, a. not able to pay debts. 

Insomuch', ad. so that, to such a degree. 

Inspect', v. to look into ; to oversee. 

Inspection, s. a close examination 

Inspector, s. a superintendent. 

fnspec'torship, s. the office of an inspector. 

Insper'sion, s. a sprinkling upon. 

Insphe're, v. to place in an orb. 

Inspi'rable, a. inhalable. 

Inspiration, 5. a drawing in of the breath ; 
the act of breathing into something ; the 
supernatural influence of the Holy Spirit. 

Inspiratory, a. pertaining to inspiration. 

Inspi're, v. to breathe or infuse into. 

Inspi'rer, s. one who inspires or animates. 

Inspirit, v. to animate, to encourage. 

Inspis'sate, v. to thicken, to make thick. 

Inspissa'tion, s. the act of thickening liquids. 

Instability, s. mutability, fickleness. 

Insta'ble, a. inconstant, changing. 

Insta'bleness, s. mutability; instability. 

Install, v. to put into the stall or seat of 
office ; to invest with office. 

Installation, s. a putting into possession. 

Instalment. *. the act of installing; part of 
a sum of money paid at stated times. 

In'stance, s. importunity; motive; example. 

ln'stance, v. to give or offer an example. 

In'stant, s. the present moment or month. 

In'stant, a. urgent, immediate, quick. 

Instautanelty, s. production in an instant. 

lostanta'neous, a. done in an instant. 

Instama'neously, ad. in an instant. 



i45 



INS 



Instantane'ousness, s. the quality of being 
done tn an instant. 

Instan'ter, ad. without delay; immediately 

In'stantly, ad. immediately, momentarily. 

Instar', v. to set with stars or brilliants. 

Insta'te, v. to place in a certain rank. 

Instau'ration, s. a restoration, a renewal. 

Instead', ad. in place of. 

Insteep', v. to soak, to lay in water. 

In'step, s. the upper part of the foot. 

In'stigate, v. to stimulate or urge to ill. 

Instiga'tion, s. an incitement to a crime. 

In'stigator, s. an inciter to ill. 

Instil', v. to infuse by drops ; to insinuate- 

Instilla'tion, s. the act of pouring in by 
drops ; the act of infusing into the mind. 

Instil'ment, s. any thing instilled. 

Instinct, s. the natural faculty or disposition 
by which animals are prompted to do what- 
ever is necessary for their preservation. 

Instinc'tive, a. prompted by instinct. 

Instinc'tively, ad. by the force of instinct. 

Institu'te, v. to found or establish ; to appoint, 

In'stitute, s. an established law, a precept ; 
a society for the promotion of knowledge. 

Institution, s. the act of establishing ; an 
establishment; a settlement, a law. 

Institutionary, a. containing first principles. 

In'stitutist, s. a writer of institutes. 

In'stitutive, a. able to establish. 

In'stitutor, s. an establisher ; an instructor. 

Instruct', v. to teach, to train up, to direct. 

Instruc'tible, a. able to be instructed. 

Instruction, s. the act of teaching ; informa- 
tion ; mandate, precept. 

Instruc'tive, a. conveying knowledge. 

Instructively, ad. so as to convey knowledge* 

Instruc'tiveness, s. power of instructing. 

Instruc'tor, s. one who instructs ; a teacher. 

Instruc'tress, s. a female instructor. 

Instrument, s. a tool or machine ; a deed 01 
legal document ; an agent. 

Instrumen'tal, a. conducive to some end , 
pertaining to musical instruments. 

Instrumentality, s. instrumental agency. 

Instrumen'tally, ad. as means to some end. 

Insuavlty, s. unpleasantness ; roughness. 

Insubjec'tion, s. state of disobedience. 

Insubor'dinate,a.not submitting to authority . 

Insubordina'tion, s. state of disobedience. 

Insubstan'tial, a. not real ; unsubstantial. 

Insufferable, a. insupportable, intolerable. 

Insufferably, ad. beyond endurance. 

Insuffi/'ciency, s. inadequateness, inability. 

Insufficient, a. inadequate, unfit. 

Insufff'ciently, ad. inadequately. 

Insuffla'tion, s. the act of breathing upon. 

In'sular, a. belonging to an island. 

In'sulate, v. to make an island ; to detach. 

In'sulated, a. detached, separated. 

In'sult, s. an act of insolence or contempt. 

Insult', v. to treat with insolence. 

Insult'er, s. one who insults. 

Insultingly, ad. with insolent contempt. 

Insu'perable, a. insurmountable, invincible. 

Insu'perableness, s. the being insuperable. 

Insu'perably,«ef. invincibly, insurmountably. 

Insuppor'table, a. not to be endured. 

Insupporfableness, s. state not to beendured, 

Insupporfably, ad. beyond endurance. 

Insuppres'sible, a. not to be suppressed, 
H 



INS 



146 



INI 



Insu'rable, a. capable of being insured. 
Insu'rance, s. security against hazard by the 

payment of a certain sum. 
Insu're, v. to make certain ; to secure. 
Insu'rer, s. one who insures any thing. 
Insur'gent, s. one -who rises in rebellion 

against the established government. 
Insurmountable, a, insuperable. 
Insurmountably, ad. insuperably. 
Insurrection, s. a rebellion, a sedition. 
Insurrectionary, a. rebellious. 
Insuscep'tible, a. not susceptible; not ca- 
pable of admitting. 
Intac'tible, a. not perceptible to the touch. 
Inta'gliated, a. engraved, stamped on. 
Inta'glio, s. a precious stone with a head or 

inscription engraved on it. 
Intan'gible, a. not perceptible to the touch. 
Intan'gibleness, Intangibil'ity, s. the quality 

of being intangible. 
In'teger, s. a whole ; not a part. 
In'tegral, a. whole, not fractional, complete. 
Integrality, s. wholeness ; completeness. 
In'tegrally, ad. wholly; completely. 
In'tegrant, a. making part of a whole. 
Integrate, v. to form one whole. 
Integration, s. the act of making whole. 
Integ'rity, s. uprightness, honesty. 
Integ'ument, s. a covering; the skin. 
Intellect, s. perception, understanding. 
Intellec'tion, s. the act of understanding. 
Intellective, a. able to understand. 
Intellectual, a. relating to the intellect; 

mental ; having power of understanding. 
InteJlec'tualist, s. one who overrates the 

human understanding. 
Inteileciual'ity, s. intellectual power. 
Intellectually, ad. by the understanding. 
Intelligence, *. information; skill. 
Intel'ligencer, s. one who conveys news. 
Intelligent, a. knowing, instructed, skilful. 
Intel! igential, a. intellectual. 
Intelligibility, Intel'ligibleness, s. the state 

or quality« of being intelligible. 
Intelligible, a. easily understood. 
Intelligibly, ad. so as to be understood. 
Intem'perament, s. bad constitution. 
Intem'perance, s. excess, irregularity. 
Intem'perate, a. immoderate, ungovernable. 
Intern 'perately, ad. immoderately. 
Intem'perateness, s. want of moderation. 
Intem'perature, s. excess of some quality. 
Intempest'ive, a. unseasonable; untimely. 
Inten'able, a. indefensible ; untenable. 
Intend', v. to mean, to design, to regard. 
Inten'dant, s. an officer who superintends. 
Intend'edly, ad. by design; on purpose. 
Intend'ment, s. intention ; design. 
Inten'se, a. strained, vehement, ardent. 
Inten'sely, ad. to a great or extreme degree. 
Inten'seness, .y. the state of being intense. 
Intension, s. the act of straining any thing. 
Inten'sity, s. intenseness; excess. 
Inten'sive, a. intense ; augmenting. 
Intensively, ad. by increase of degree. 
Intent', .'/. bent upon, fixed, earnest 
Intent', s. a design, purpose, drift, view. 
Inter: lion, s. a purpose, a design, an aim. 
Tnten'tional, a. designed, done by design. 
Inten'tionally, ad. by design ; with cnoioc. 
Intensive, a. diligently, attentive. 



Inten'tively, ad. with application, closely. 

Inten'tiveness, J. diligent application. 

Intently, ad. with close attention. 

Intent'ness, s. anxious application. 

Inter', v. to bury, to put under ground. 

In'teract, s. the time between the acts. 

Intercal'ary, Inter'ealar, a. inserted out of 
the common order to preserve the equation 
of time, as the 2&th of February in a leap- 
year is an intercalary day. 

Intercalate, v. to insert or add a day. 

Intercalation, s. insertion of a day. 

Interce'Je, v. to mediate, to go between. 

Interce'dent, a. mediating, going between. 

Interce'der, s. one that intercedes. 

Intercept', v. to seize by the way ; to obstruct. 

Intercep'ter, s. one who obstructs. 

Intercep'tion, s. stoppage in course. 

Intercession, s. mediation, interposition. 

Interces'sor, s. a mediator, an agent. 

Intercessory, a. interceding. 

Interchain', v. to chain, to link together. 

Interchange, v. to exchange mutually. 

In'terchange, s. an exchange, a bargain. 

Interchangeable, a. mutually receivable. 

Intercha'ngeableness, s. alternate succession. 

Interchangeably, ad. alternately. 

Intercha'ngement, s. mutual exchange. 

Intercip'ient, a. intercepting : s. he or that 
which intercepts or obstructs. 

Intercis'ion, s. a cutting off; interruption. 

Interclu'de, v. to shut out, to intercept. 

Interclu'sion, s. obstruction ; interception. 

Intercommunity, s. a mutual community. 

Tntercos'tal, a. placed between the ribs. 

Intercourse, s. communication, commerce. 

Intercur', v. to intervene ; to happen. 

Intereur'rence, s. a passage between. 

Intercurrent, a. a running between. 

Intercuta'neous, a. within or under the skin. 

In'terdeal, s. mutual dealing, traffic. 

Interdict', v. to prohibit, to forbid. 

In'terdict, s. a prohibitory decree. 

Interdiction, s. a prohibition, a curse. 

Interdic'tive, a. having power to prohibit. 

Interdic'tory, a. belonging to an interdiction. 

In'terest, v. to concern, to affect ; to engage. 

In'terest, s. a concern, influence ; the profit 
arising from the use of money. 

Interested, a. having an interest. 

Interesting, a. exciting interest. 

Interfe're, v. to interpose, to intermeddle. 

Interference, s. interposition. 

Inter'fluent, Inter'fluous, a. flowing between. 

Interful'gent, a. shining between. 

Interfu'sed, a. poured or scattered among. 

In'terim, 5. in the mean time. 

Interior, s. that which is within. 

Inter'ior. a. internal, not outward. 

Inte'riorly, ad. internally; inwardly. 

Interja'cent, u. lying between, intervening. 

Interja'eenc}", s. the act of lying between. 

Interject', v. to throw in ; to come between* 

Intenee'tion, s. a sudden exclamation. 

Interjeet'ionai, a. thrown in between. 

Interjoin', v. to join mutually ; intermarry. 

Interknowi'edge, s. a mutual knowledge. 

Iuterla'oe, v. to intermix, to entwine. 

Interlap'se, s. the time between two events. 

Interlard', r to insert between ; to mix. 

Interlea've, v. to insert blank leaves. 



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Interli'ne, v. to write between lines. 

Inter] Ln'ear, Interlin'eary, a. inserted be- 
tween the lines of the original writing. 

Interlinea'tion, s. the act of interlining ; a 
correction by writing between the lines. 

Interli'ning, s. a writing between tho lines. 

Interlink', v. to join chains together. 

Interloca'tion, s. a placing between. 

Interlocu'tiou, 5. interchange of speech. 

Interloc'utor, s. one that talks with another. 

Interloc'utory, a. consisting of a dialogue. 

Interlo'pe, v. to intrude in or between. 

Interloper, *. one that interlopes. 

Interlu'ccnt, a. shining between. 

In'terlucle, s. a short prelude or farce. 

Inter lu'nar, Interlu'nary, a. between an old 
and new moon. 

Intermarriage, .v. ^marriage in two families, 
where each takes and gives one. 

Intermar'ry, v. to marry some of each family ! 
with the other. 

Intermed'dle, v. to interpose officiously. 

Intermed'dler, s. one who intermeddles. 

Interme'diacy, s. interposition, intervention 

Interme'dial, a. intervening, lying between 

Intermediary, a. being between two objects. 

Interme'diate, a. intervening. 

Intermc'diately, ad. by way of intervention. 

Intermediation, s. intervention. 

Interme'dium, s. a distance between, 

Inter'ment, s. sepulture, burial. 

Intermica'tion, s. a shining between. 

Intermigia'tion. s. an exchange of place. 

Interminable, Inter'minate, a. unbounded. 

Intermina'tion, s. a menace, a threat, 

Intermin'gle, v. to mingle or mix together. 

Intermis'sion, s\ a cessation for a time. 

Intermis'sive, a. ceasing for awhile. 

Intermit', v. to grow mild between fits. 

Intermit'tent, a. ceasing at intervals: 5. a 
fever which ceases at intervals. 

Intermit'tiug, a. coming and ceasing by fits. 

Intermit'tingly, ad. at intervals. 

Intermix 7 , v. to mingle or mix together. 

Intermix'ture, s. a mixture of ingredients. 

Interna un'dane, a. being between worlds. 

Intermu'ral, a. lying between walls. 

Intcrmus'cular, a. between the muscles. 

Intermuta'tion, s. reciprocal change. 

Intermu'tual, a. mutual, reciprocal. 

Inter'nal, a. inward; not external, intrinsic. 

Iuter'naDy, ad. inwardly, mentally. 

International, a. as existing between dif- 
ferent nations. 

Intcmc'cinc, a. deadly, destructive. 

Internun'cio, s. a messenger passing and re- 
passing between two parties. 

Interpellation, 6'. a summons, a call. 

Interplead, v. to discuss a point in law that 
arises incidentally. 

Interpledg'e, v. to pledge reciprocally. 

Interpoint', v. to distinguish by stops. 

Interpolate, v. to insert words improperly ; 
to foist any thing in. 

Interpolation, s. something foisted in or 
added to the original matter. 

Interpolator, s. one who falsifies a copy by 
foisting in counterfeit passages. 

Interposal, s. interposition, intervention. 

Intcrpo'se, v. to mediate, to intervene. 

Interpo'ser, s. one that interposes. 



Interpos'it, s. a place of deposit between one 
commercial place and another. 

Interposition, ■?. the act of interposing ; in- 
tervention ; mediation. 

Inter'pret, v. to translate, to explain. 

Inter'pretable, a. capable of being expounded. 

Interpretation, s. an explanation. 

Interpretative, a. explanatory ; expositive. 

Inter'pretatively, ad. by interpretation. 

Interpreter, s. an expositor, a translator. 

Interreg'num, s. the time in which a throne 
is vacant between the death of one prince 
and the accession of another. 

Inter'rogate, v. to examine by questions. 

Interrogation, s. a question, an inquiry; a 
point marked thus (?) denoting a question. 

Interrog'ative, s. a pronoun used in asking 
questions, as who ? what ? which ? 

Interrog'ative, a. denoting a question. 

Interrog'atively, ad. in form of a question. 

Interrogator, s. an asker of questions. 

Interrogatory, s. a qxiestion, an inquiry: a. 
containing or expressing a question. 

Interrupt', v. to stop or hinder : to separate. 

Interrupt'ed, a. broken, intermitted. 

Interrupt'edly, ad. not in continuity. 

Interrupt'er, 5. one who interrupts. 

Interruption, s. hinderance, intervention. 

Interseind', v. to cut off. 

Interscri'be, v. to write between. 

Interse'cant, a. dividing into parts. 

Intersect', v. to cut, to cross each other. 

Intersec'tion, s. a point where lines cross. 

Intersert', v. to set or put in between. 

Interser'tion, a', a thing inserted. 

Interspace, s. an intervening space. 

Intersper'se, v. to scatter here and there. 

Intersper'sion, s. the act of scattering about. 

Interstel'lar, a. among the stars. 

Interstice, s. a space between things. 

Interstine'tive, a. distinguishing. 

Intersti"tial, a. containing interstices. 

Intertex'ture, s. a weaving between. 

Intertropical, a. situated between the tropics. 

Intertwi'ne, v. to unite by twisting. 

Intertwist', v. to twist one with another. 

In'terval, s. space between places; time be- 
tween acts or events. 

Intervc'ne, v. to come between, to interpose. 

Interve'nient, a. coming between. 

Intervention, s. interposition, mediation. 

Intervert', v. to turn to another course. 

Ir.'tcrview, s. a sight of one another. 

Intervol've, v. to involve one in another. 

Interwea've, v. to mix one with another. 

Interweaving, s. intertexture. 

Interwre'athed, a. woven in a wreath. 

lutes'table, a. disqualified to make a will. 

Intes'tacy, s. state of dying without a will. 

Irites'tate, a. dying without making a will, 

Intes'iinal, a. belonging to the bowels. 

Intes'tine, a. interna], inward; domestic. 

Intestines, ,?. pi. the bowels, the entrails. 

Inthral'j v. to enslave, to shackle. 

Inthral'ment, s. servitude, slavery. 

Intliro'ne. Sec Enthrone. 

In'timacy, s. close familiarity. 

In'timate, v. to hint, to suggest indirectly. 

In'timate, a. inmost, inward, familiar. 

In'timate, s. a familiar friend. 

ln'tiinately, ad. closely, familiarly. 
H 2 



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Iutima'tion, s. a hint ; an obscure or indirect 
suggestion. 

Intimidate, v. to frighten., to overawe. 

Xntimida'tion, s. the act of intimidating. 

In'to, prep, denoting entrance. 

Intolerable, a. insufferable, very bad. 

Intol'erahleness, s. state not to be endured. 

Intol'erably, ad. beyond endurance. 

Intolerance, s. bigotry ; want of toleration. 

Intol'erant, a. not tolerant, bigoted. 

Intol'erant, s. one averse to toleration, a bigot. 

Intomb'. See Entomb. 

In'tonate, v. to sound ; to thunder. 

Intona'tion, s. the act or manner of sounding. 

Into'ne, v. to make a slow protracted noise. 

Intort'. v. to twist, to wreath. 

Intox'icate, v. to make drunk, to inebriate. 

Intoxicate, Intoxicated, a. inebriated. 

Intoxica'tion, s. inebriation, drunkenness. 

Intractability, Intrac'tableness. s. the qual- 
ity of being intractable ; obstinacy. 

Intrac'table, a. unmanageable, unruly. 

Intrac'tabiy. ad. stubbornly, perverselv. 

Tntranquil'lity, s. unquietness ; want of rest. 

Intran'sient, a. not passing quickly away. 

Intransitive, a. applied to a verb when the 
action does not pass over to an object. 

Intransitively, ad. without the action pass- 
ing over. 

Intransmu'table, a. not transmutable. 

Intreas'ure, v. to lay up as in a treasury. 

Intrench', v. to fortify with a trench or ram- 
part : to encroach upon. 

Intrench 'ant, a. not to be cut or divided. 

Intrench'nicnt, S: a fortification, with a 
trench, to defend against an attack. 

Intrep'id, a. fearless, resolute, brave. 

Intrepidity, s. fearlessness, courage. 

Intrcp'idly, ad. fearlessly, daringly. 

In'tricable, a. entangling, ensnaring. 

In'tricacy, s. complication, perplexity. 

In'tricatc, a. perplexed, involved, obscure. 

In'tricately, ad. with intricacy. 

In'tricatcness, s. perplexity ; obscurity. 

Intrica'tion, s. an entanglement; a snare. 

Intri'gue, s. a plot, a cabal ; an amour. 

Intri'gue, v. to form plots ; to carry on private 
designs by intrigue. 

[ntri'guer, s. one who intrigues. 

Intriguing] y, ad. with secret plotting. 

Intrin'sic, Intrin'sical, a. inward, true, real. 

Intrinsically, ad. internally; really. 

Introdu'ce. v. to bring in, to make known. 

Introdu'cer, s. one who introduces. 

Introduc'tion, s. a bringing in ; a preface. 

Introduc'tive, a. serving to introduce. 

Introduc'tor, s. one who introduces. 

Introductory, a. previous, prefatory. 

Introgres'sion, s. the act of entering. 

Intromis'sion, s. the act of intromitting. 

Intromit', v. to send or let in, to admit. 

Introspee'tion, s. a view of the inside. 

Introve'nient, a. entering, coming in. 

Introvert', v. to turn inwards. 

IntrovcrSion, S. the act of turning inwards. 

Intru'dc, v. to thrust oneS self rudely into 
company ; to intermeddle ; to encroach. 

Intru'der, a', an encroacher, an interloper. 

Intru'sion, s. the act of intruding. 

Intru'sire, a. intruding upon. 

Intrust', v. to put in trust ; to confide 



Intui'lion, s. the act of the mind in pcrceiv- 
ing truth without argument or reasoning. 

Intuitive, a. seen by the mind immediately 
without the intervention of reason. 

Intuitively, ad. by immediate perception. 

Intumes'cence, s. a swelling, a tumor. 

Inturges'cence, s. the act or state of swelling. 

Intwi'ne. See Entwine. 

Intwist'. See Entwist. 
! Inum'bratc, v. to cover with shades. 
i Inunc'tion. s. the act of anointing. 
j Inun'dant. a. overflowing. 
I Inun'date, v. to overflow ; to overwhelm. 

Inunda'tion, s. an overflow of water, deluge. 

Inurbanlty, s. rudeness, unkindness. 
! Inu're, v. to habituate, to accustom. 
\ Inurn', v. to intomb, to bury. 
j Inusita'tion, 5. state of being unused. 

Inu'tile. a. useless, unprofitable. 

Inutility, s. unprofitableness, uselessness. 

Inut'terable, a. that cannot be uttered. 
I Inva'de, v. to enter in a hostile manner ; t» 
attack, to as-ail. 

Inva'der, s. one who invades. 

Invalid, a. wenk, of no force or weight. 

Invalid', s. a soldier or other person disabled 
by sickness or wounds. 

Invalidate, v. to weaken ; to make void. 

Invalida'tion, s. the act of weakening. 

Invalidity, s. weakness, want of strength. 

Invalid'ness, s. invalidity. 

Inval'uable. a. precious above estimation. 
I Inval'uably, ad. inestimably. 

Inva'riable, a. unchangeable, constant. 

Inva'riableness, s. unchangeableness. 

Inva'riably, ad. constantly, steadfastly. 

InvaSion. s. a hostile entrance, an attack. 

InvaSive, a. entering in a hostile manner. 

Invec'tive. a. satirical, abusive : s. a railing 
speech ; reproachful censure. 

Invec'tively. ad. satirically, abusively. 

Inveigh', v. to rail at, declaim against. 
I Inveigh'er, s. one who inveighs. 

Invei'gle, v. to allure, to entice. 
i Invei'element, a\ allurement, seduction. 
' Invei'gler, s. a deceiver, an allurer. 

Invent', v. to discover, to forge, to feign. 

Invent'ful, a. full of invention. 
i Inven'tion. s. the art or faculty of inventing ; 
thin? invented ; a forgery. 

Inventive, a. apt to invent, ingenious. 

Invent'or, Invent'er, s. one who invents. 
. Invento'rial, a. belonging to an inventory. 
: Invento'rially, ad. as an inventory. 
; In'ventory. s. a catalogue of goods. 
; Invent'ress, s. a female that invents. 
1 Inver'se, a. inverted, opposed to direct. 

Inver'sely, ad. in an inverted order. 
! Inversion, s. change of order, time, or place. 

Invert', v. to turn upside down; or to place 
in a contrary order. 
; Inver'tebral, Inver'tebrated, a. destitute of a 
backbone or vertebral chaiD. 

Invert'edlv, ad. in contrary or reversed order. 

Invest', v. to clothe; to array; to enclose. 

Inves'tigable, a. that may be searched out. 

Inves'tigate, v. to trace or search out. 
Investigation, s. a searching examination. 
I Inves'tigative, a. searching closely. 

Inves'tigator, s. one who diligently searches. 
I InTes'titure, s. the act of giving possession. 



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Inves'tive, a. encircling, enclosing. 

Livest'ment, s. the investing or laying out 
money in the purchase of property. 

Invet'eracy, jr. obstinacy confirmed by time. 

Invet'erate, a. old, deeply rooted, obstinate. 

Invet'erate, v. to fix by long continuance. 

Invct'erately, ad. with obstinacy ; violently. 

Invid'ious, a envious; malignant. 

Invidiously, ad. enviously; malignantly. 

Invid'iousness, 5. quality of provoking envy. 

Invigorate, v. to strengthen, to give vigour to. 

Invigora'tion, s. the act of invigorating. 

Invincibility, Invin'cibleness, s. the quality 
of being invincible. 

tnvin'cible, a. not to be conquered. 

f nvin'cihly, ad. unconquerably. 

Inviolability, s. quality of being inviolable. 

Invi'olable, a. not to be violated. 

Invi'olably, ad. in an inviolable manner. 

Invi'olate, a. uninjured, unprofaned. 

Invi'olated, a. unprofaned, not violated. 

In'vious, a. impassable. 

Invis'cate, v. to daub with glutinous matter. 

In visibility, *. the state of being invisible. 

Invis'ible, a. not to be seen ; imperceptible. 

Invis'ibleness, s. imperceptibleness. 

Invisibly, ad. imperceptibly to the sight. 

Invita'tion. s. an inviting, a bidding. 

Invi'tatory, a. using or containing invitation. 

Invi'te, v. to bid or ask to a place; to ask. 

Invi'tcr, s. one who invites. 

Invi'tingly, ad. in an enticing manner. 

In'vocate, v. to implore, to call upon. 

Invocation, s. a calling upon in prayer. 

In'voice, s. a list of goods sold or consigned 
to another, with the prices. 

In'voice, ». to make an invoice. 

Invo'ke, v. to call upon ; to pray to. 

Involu'crum, Involu'cre, s. (in botany) a 
calyx remote from the flower. 

Involuntarily, ad. not by choice. 

Invol'untarincss, s. want of choice or will. 

Invol'untary, a. not done willingly. 

In' volute, s. a spiral curve: a. (in botany) 
rolled spirally inwards. 

Involution, s. a rolling up ; a complication. 

Invol've, v. to inwrap; comprise; entangle. 

iRvol'vedness, s. state of being involved. 

Invul'nerable. a. that cannot be wounded. 

Invul'nerableness, Invulnerabil'ity, s. the 
quality or state of being invulnerable. 

In'ward, a. internal, placed within. 

Inward, In'wards, ad. towards the inner parts. 

In'wardly, ad. in the inner parts. 

In'wardness, s. intimacy; familiarity. 

Inweave, v. to mix in weaving, to entwine. 

Inwrap', v. to involve, perplex, puzzle. 

Inwrea'the, v. to surround with a wreath.. 

In' wrought, a. adorned with work. 

I'odine. s. an undecompounded chemical sub- 
stance obtained from kelp, potassium, &c. 

I'olite, s. a mineral ot a dark violet color. 

Ion'ic. S. one of the architectural orders, 
taking its name from the lonians, who in- 
vented it. 

Io'ta, s. a point ; a tittle; a jot. 

Ipecacuan'ha, s. a root vised as a mild emetic. 

Irascibil'ity, Iras'cibleness, s. a proneness or 
disposition to anger. 

Ims'cible, a. apt to be easily provoked. 

Ire, s. anger, rage, passionate hatred. 



I'reful, a. very angry, raging, furious. 

I'refully, ad. with ire ; in an angry manner. 

Irides'cent, a. exhibiting the primary colors; 
of bright and glittering colors. 

Iridium, s. a component of platinum. 

I'ris, s. the rainbow ; the circle round the 
pupil of the eye', the flower-de-luce. 

I'rised, I'risated, a. resembling the rainbow. 

I'rish, s. the language or people of Ireland : 
a. produced or made in Ireland. 

I'rishism, s. an Irish idiom. 

Irk, v. to weary ; as, " it irks me." 

Irk'some, a. wearisome. 

Irk'somoly, ad. wearisomely; tediously. 

Irk'someness, s. wearisomeness. 

I'ron, s. a hard useful metal: a. made of 
iron; harsh; v. to smoothewith a hot iron. 

Ironheart'ed, a. unfeeling; cruel; severe. 

Iron'ical, a. expressing one thing and mean- 
ing another; pertaining to irony. 

Iron'ically, ad. in an ironical manner. 

I'ronist, s. one who uses ironical language. 

Ironmonger, s. a dealer in iron. 

I'ronmould, s. a yellow stain in linen. 

I'ronstone, s. an ore of iron. 

I'ronwood, 4?. wood hard and ponderous. 

I'ronwork, s. materials made of iron. 

I'ronworks, s. pi. an iron foundry; the place 
where iron is wrought into bars, &c. 

I'ron y, s. a manner of speaking quite con- 
trary to what we mean. 

I'ron y, a. made of iron; partaking of iron. 

Irra'dianee, Irra'diancy, s. emission of rays 
or beams of light upon any subject. 

Irra'diate, v. to dart rays into, to enlighten. 

Irra'diate, a. adorned with brightness. 

Irradia'tion, s. an emission of rays. 

Irra"tional, a. contrary to reason, absurd. 

Irrational 'ity, s. want of reason. 

Irra"tionally, ad. unreasonably, absurdly. 

Irreclaim'able, a. not to be reclaimed. 

Irreclaim'ably, ad. so as not to be reclaimed. 

Irreconcilable, a. not to be reconciled. 

Irreconci'lableness, s. the being irreconcilable. 

Irreconcilably, ad. beyond reconciliation. 

Irreconcilia'tion, s. want of reconciliation. 

Irrecord'able, a. not to be recorded. 

Irrecoverable, a. not to be recovered. 

Irrecov'erableness, s. state beyond recovery. 

Irrecov'erably, ad. beyond recovery. 

Irredeemable, a. that cannot be redeemed. 

Irredu'cible, a. that cannot be reduced. 

Irrefragabil'ity, *. strength of argument not 
to be refuted; undeniableness. 

Irrefragable, a. not to be confuted. 

Iiref'ragably, ad- above confutation. 

Irrefutable, a. that cannot be refuted. 

Irrefu'tably, ad. beyond refutation. 

Irreg'ular, a. immethodical ; disorderly. 

Irregular'ity, s. neglect of method and order, 

Irreg'ularly, ad. in an in-egular manner. 

Irreg'ulate, v. to make irregular. 

Irrel'ative, a. not relative, unconnected. 

Irrel'atively, ad. unconnected] y. 

Irrel'evancy, S. state of being irrelevant. 

Irrelevant, a. not to the purpose. 

Irrel'evantly,«rf. without being to the purpose. 

Irreliev'able, a. not admitting relief. 

Irreli"gion, *.-centempt of religion, impiety. 

Irreli'gious, a. ungodly, impious. 

Irreli"gious3y, ad. impiously, with impiety. 



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Irre'meable, a. admitting no return. 

Irreme'diable, a. admitting no cure. 

Irreme'diableness, s. the being irremediable. 

Irreme'diably, ad. without relief. 

Trremis'sible, a. not to be remitted. 

Irremis'sibleness, s. unpardonableness. 

Irremis'sibly, ad. so as not to be pardoned. 

Irremo'vable, a. not to be moved. 

Irremu'nerable, a. not to be rewarded. 

Irrenown'cd, a. void of honor ; unrenowned. 

Irreparabillty, s. state of being irreparable. 

Irrep'arable, a. not to be repaired or re- 
covered; incapable of amendment. 

Irrep'arably, ad. without recovery. 

Irrepeal'ab'le, a. that cannot be repealed. 

Irrepen'tanee, s. want of repentance. 

Irrepleviable, a. (in law) not to be redeemed. 

Irreprehen'sible, a. exempt from blame. 

Irreprehen'sibloness, s. the quality of being 
irreprehensiblc. 

Irreprehen'sibly, ad. without blame. 

Irrepres'sible, a. not to be repressed. 

Irreproach'able, a. free from reproach. 

Irreproach'ableness, s. the quality or state of 
being irreproachable. 

Irreproach'ably, ad. without reproach. 

Irrepro'vable, a. not liable to be blamed. 

Irrepro'vably, ad. beyond reproof. 

Irresist'ance, *. indisposition to oppose. 

Irresistibility, s. the being irresistible. 

Irresistible, a. that cannot be resisted. 

Irresistlbleness. s. power beyond resistance. 

Irresistibly, ad. in an irresistible manner. 

Trresist'less, a. not to be resisted. 

Irres'oluble, a. not to be broken or dissolved. 

Irres'olubleness, s. indissolublencss. 

Irres'olute, a. not determined, not steady. 

Irres'olutely, ad. without firmness of mind. 

Irres'oluteness, s. want of determination. 

Irresolulion, s. want of firmness of mind. 

Irresolv'edly, ad. without determination. 

Irrespec'tive, a. regardless of circumstances. 

Irrespectively, ad. not regarding, or without 
regard to circumstances. 

Irresponsibility, s. want of responsibility. 

Irresponsible, a. not answerable for. 

Irreten'tive, a. incapable of retaining. 

Irretriev'able, a. irrecoverable, irreparable. 

Irretriev'ableness, s. state past recovery. 

Irretrievably, ad. irrecoverably. 

Irreverence, s. a want of veneration. 

Irrev'erent, a. wanting in reverence ; not 
paying due respect. 

Irreverently, ad. without due veneration. 

Irreversible, a. not to be changed or recalled. 

Irrever'sibleness, 5. state or quality of being 
irreversible. 

Irrever'sibly, ad. so as not to be changed. 

Irrevocability, s. impossibility of recall. 

Irrevocable, a. not to be recalled. 

Irrev'ocableness, s. state of being irrevocable. 

Irrevocably, ad. without recall. 

Ir'rigate, v. to water, to moisten. 

Irriga'tion, s. the act of watering. 

Irriglious, a. watery, dewy, moist, wet. 

Irrislon, s. the act of laughing at another. 

Irritability, s. the state of being irritable. 

Ir'ritable, a. easily provoked or excited. 

Ir'ritate, v. to provoke, to excite. 

Irrita'tion, s. provocation ; stimulation. 

Ir'ritative, a. calculated to excite or irritate. 



Ir'ritatory, a. stimulating; exciting. 
Insip'tion, S. an inroad ; entrance by force. 
Irrup'tive, a. bursting forth ; rushing in. 
Is. See the verb Be. 
I'singlas, s. a glutinous substance prepared 

from the intestines of certain fish. 
Is'lamism, s. orthodox Mahomedanism. 
I'sland, Isle, s. land surrounded by water. 
I'slander, s. an inhabitant of an island. 
I'slet, s. a little island. 
Isoclrronal, Isoc'hronous, a. having equal 

tinaes ; performed in equal times. 
I'solate, v. to separate, to detach. 
I'so-lated, a. detached, separate. 
Isola'tion, s. separation ; a being detached. 
Isos'celes, s. a triangle with two equal sides, 
Isotherm'al, a. of equal temperature. 
Isotonic, a. having equal tones. 
Is'raeiite, s. a descendant of Israel ; a Jew. 
Is'raclitish, a. pertaining to Israel. 
Issuable, a. fit to be issued. 
Is'sue, *. the act of coming out ; an event ; 

result ; conclusion ; a vent or fontanel 

made in a muscle for the discharge of 

humors ; offspring or children. 
Is'sue, v. to send out, come out, arise. 
Issueless, a. not having any descendants. 
Ist'hmus, s. a neck of land, by which a 

peninsula or two continents are connected. 
It, pr. the thing, matter, affair. 
Italian, a. relating to Italy : s. a native of 

Italy ; the language of Italy. 
Ital'ianize, v. to render conformable to 

Italian custom or fashion. 
Italic, a. relating to the letters called Italics. 
Italics, s. pi. a kind of type first used by 

Italian printers, and now employed for 

distinction or emphasis. 
Italicise, v. to distinguish by Italics. 
Itch, s. a disease, a teasing desire. 
Itch, v. to feel irritation in the skin. 
Itching, s. a feeling of uneasiness in the skin. 
Itch'y, a. infected with the itch. 
I'tem, s. an article : v. to note down. 
It'erable, a. capable of being repeated 
It'erant, a. repeating. 
It'erate, v. to repeat, to do over again. 
Itera'tion, s. a recital over again, repetition. 
It'erative, a. repeating ; redoubling. 
Itin'erant, a. wandering, unsettled. 
Itin'erary, s. a diary or book of travels. 
Itin'erate, v. to travel : to journey. 
Itself, pr. it and self. 
I'vory, 5. the tooth of the elephant. 
I'vory-black, s. a fine kind of black, mado 

of burned ivory or bones. 
I'vy, s. a common plant. 
I'vved, a. overgrown with ivy. 



Jab'ber, v. to talk much or idly; to prate: 

s. unmeaning prattle. 
Jab'berer, s. one who talks inarticulately. 
Jab'berment, s. idle talk, prate. 
Ja'cent, a. lying at length, extended. 
Jack, s. an engine for turning a spit ; a stock 

for pulling "off boots ; a young pike ; the 

familiar name or diminutive of John._ 
Ja-ck'al, s. a beast somewhat resembling a 

fox, said to hunt or start prey for the lion. 
Jaek'-a-lent, s. a simple sheepish fellow. 



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Jack'anapes, s. a .monkey ; a coxcomb. 
Jaek'ass, s. the male of the ass. 
Jaek'-boots, s. long boots to defend the logs. 
Jack'daw, s. a black chattering bird. 
Jack'et, s. a close waistcoast ; a short coat. 

Jack-pud'ding, s. a zany ; a inerry-andrew. 

Jae'obin, s. one of a French revolutionary 
society which met at the monastery of 
Jacobin friars or the church of St. Jaco- 
bus ; a democrat or opposer of monarchy. 

Jae'obin, Jacobin'ical, a. holding the prin- 
ciples of modern Jacobins. 

Jac'obine, s. a pigeon with a high tuft. 

Jac'obmism, s. violent and unreasonable op- 
position to legitimate government. 

Jac'obite, s. a partisan of James II. 

Jaeo'bus, s. a gold coin of the reign of James 
I. of the value of twenty-rive shillings. 

Jactita'tion, s. a tossing motion ; restlessness. 

Jae'ulate, v. to dart ; to shoot out. 

Jacula'tion, s. the act of throwing or darting. 

Jac'ulatory, a. suddenly darted out. 

Jade, s. a worthless horse ; a hussy. 

Jade, v. to tire cut. to weary. 

Ja'dery, s. jadish tricks. 

Ja'dish, a. unruly, vicious ; unchaste. 

Jag, v. to notch : s. a denticulation. 

Jag'gedncss, s. unevenncss on the edge 

Jag'gy, a. uneven, notched, ragged. 

Jag'uar, s. the American tiger. 

Jail, Gaol, s. a prison. 

Jail'bird, s. one who has been in a jail. 

Jail'er, s. the keeper of a prison. 

Jakes, s. a house of office or privy. 

Jai'ap, s. a purgative root. 

Jam, s. a conserve of fruit ; a child's frock. 

Jam, v. to confine between, to wedge in. 

Jamb, s. a door-post ; a supporter 

Jam'beux, s. armour for the legs. 

Jane, s. a kind of fine fustian. 

Jan'gle, s. prate ; discordant sound. 

Jan'gle, v. to wranglo, to be out of tunc. 

Jan'glor, s. a wrangling noisy fellow. 

Jan'gling, s. a noisy dispute, wrangling. 

Jan'itor, s. a door-keeper, a porter. 

Jan'izary, s. a Turkish soldier ; a guard. 

Ja'ntily, ad. briskly, airily. 

Ja'ntiness, .? showiness, airiness ; flutter. 

Ja'nty, a. showy, airy, dashing. 

Jan'uary, s. the first month of the year. 

Japan', s. a varnish, original] y from Japan: 
v. to vamish, to make black and glossy. 

Japane'so, a. pertaining to Japan: s. a native, 
or the language of Japan. 

Japan'ner, s. one skilled in japan work. 

Tapan'ning, s. the art of painting and var- 
nishing on wood, after the manner of the 
Japanese. 

Jar, v. to clash, to sound harshly ; to quarrel. 

Jar, s. a harsh sound ; an earthen vessel. 

Jar'gon, s. gibberish, nonsensical talk. 

Jargonel'le, [Fr.] s. a species of pear. 

Jar'ring, s. a collision ; a quarrel. 

Jas'mine, s. a shrub with a fragrant flower. 

Jas'per, s. a precious green stone. 

Jaun'dice, s. a disease which gives the eyes 
and skin a yellow hue, and causes every 
tiling to appear yellowish to the patient. 

Jaun'diced, a. affected with the jaundice. 

Jaunt, v. to drive briskly about. 

Jaunt, s. a brisk drive, an excursion. 



Jau'ntily. SeeJantily. 
Jau'ntiness. See Jantiness. 
Jau'nty. See Janty. 
Jav'elin, s. a spear or half pike. 
Jaw, s. the bone in which the teeth are fixed. 
Jaw, v. to abuse grossly and vulgarly. 
Jay, s. a bird with gaudy feathers. 
Jeal'ous, s. angry at rivalship, emulous. 
Jcal'ously, ad. suspiciously; emulously. 
Jeal'ousness, s. suspicious vigilance. 
Jeal'ousy, s. suspicion, especially in love. 
Jeer, v. to mock, to scoff, to flout. 
Jeer, s. a scoff, a gibe. 
Jeer'er, s. a. scoffer, a mocker. 
Jeer'ing, s. contemptuous mockery. 
Jeer'ingly, ad. jibingly, scornfully. 
Jeho'vah, s. the scripture name of God. 
Jeju'ne, a. hungry, bare, barren. 
Jeju'neness, s. poverty ; a want of matter. 
Jeju'nity, j. barrenness or dryness of style. 
Jellied, a. glutinous ; in a state of viscosity 
Jel'ly, j. a sweetmeat in a glutinous state. 
Jen'net, Gen'et, s. a small Spanish horse. 
Jen'ny, s. a spinning machine. 
Jeop'ard, Jeop'ardize, v. to hazard. 
Jeop'ardous, a. hazardous, dangerous. 
Jeop'ardy, j. danger, peril, hazard. 
Jerk, v. to yerk or throw with a quick smart 

motion: s. a quick smart blow or motion. 
Jcr'kin, s. a jacket or short coat. 
Jer'sey, s. a fine yarn of wool. 
Jess, s. a short strap about the legs of a hawk. 
Jes'samine. See Jasmine. 
Jest, s. something to raise laughter ; a joke ; 

a laughing-stock. 
Jest, v. to divert or make sport ; to joke. 
Jest'er, s. one given to merriment ; a buffoon. 
Jest'ing, s. talk to raise laughter. 
Jest'ingly, ad. in jest ; with merriment. 
Jes'uit, s. one of a religious order which took 

the name of the Society of Jesus. 
Jesuit'ieal, a. like a Jesuit. 
Jes'uitism, s. the principles of the Jesuits. 
Jet, .?. a beautiful black fossil. 
Jet, *. a shoot or spout of water. 
Jet, v. to shoot forward, to project. 
Jet-d'eau, [Fr.] s. an ornamental water-spout. 
Jet'sam, Jet'son, s. any kind of goods thrown 

ashore by shipwreck and claimed by the 

lord of trio manor. 
Jct'tee, s. the projecting part of a building. 
Jet'ty, s. amole projecting into the sea. 
Jet'ty, a. made of jet, black as jet. 
Jew, s. a Hebrew ; an Israelite. 
Jew'el, s. a precious: stone ; a gem. 
Jew'el, v. to dress or adorn with jewels. 
Jew'elled, a. adorned with jewels. 
Jew'eller, s. one who deals in precious stones. 
Jew'ellery, s. jewels collectively. 
Jew'ess, s. a woman professing Judaism 
Jew'ish, a. relating to the Jews. 
Jew'ishiy, ad. alter the manner of the Jews. 
Jew'ry, s. Judea ; a quarter or place in 

town inhabited by Jews. 
JewV-harp, s. a small musical instrument. 
Jez'ebel, s. a forward, shameless woman. 
Jib, s. the foremost sail in a ship. 
Jib'-boom, s. a spar at the end of the bow- 
sprit, on which a sail is set. 
Jibe. See Gibe. 
Jig, s. a brisk quick dance or tune. 



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Jig, v. to dance a jig, 

Jig'ger, s. a machine to hold on the cahle. 

JU'fliit, s. a giddy or wanton woman. 

Jilt, s. a woman who deceives or forsakes her 

lover : v. to deceive or forsake. 
Jin'gle, 5. a sharp clinking sound. 
Jin'gle, v. to sound with a shrill rattle. 
Job, s. a piece of chance work ; a work un- 
dertaken for the purpose of deriving from 

it some unfair private emolument. 
Job, v. to carry on jobs. 
Job'ber, s. one who jobs. 
Job'bernowl, s. a loggerhead, a dunce. 
Jock'ey, s. one who rides for hire, or deals in 

horses: v. to jostle, to cheat, to trick. 
Jock'eyship, s. the art of riding race-horses. 
Joco'se, a. given to jokes, merry. 
Joco'sely, ad. in jest, waggishly. 
Joco'seness, s. the quality of being jocose. 
Joc'ular, a. jocose, waggish. 
Joc'ularity, s. disposition to mirth; mirth. 
Joc'ular] y, ad. in a jocose way. 
Joc'ulator, s. a jester, a droll, a minstrel. 
Joc'ulatory, a. droll ; merrily spoken. 
Joc'und, a. merry, blithe, lively, airy. 
Jocun'dity, s. gayety, mirth, pleasantry. 
Joc'undly, ad. merrily, sportfully, gayly. 
Joc'undness, s. state of being jocund. 
Jog, s. a push ; a hint or intimation given 

by a slight shake. 
Jog, Jog'gle, v. to shake, to push ; to nudge. 
Jog'ger, s. one who moves heavily and dully. 
Join, v. to unite, to combine, to close. 
Join'der, s. a conjunction, a joining. 
Join'er, s. one who joins; a carpenter. 
Join'ery, s. an art by which several pieces of 

wood are fitted and joined together. 
Join'ing, s. the act of joining ; a joint or 

juncture; a hinge. 
Joint, s. a joining ; articulation of limbs; a 

limb of an animal cut up. 
Joint, v. to form with joints ; to divide a joint. 
Joint, a. shared by two or more, combined. 
Joint'ed, a. full of joints or knots. 
Joint'heir, s. an heir having a joint interest. 
Joint'ly, ad. together, not separately. 
Joint'stool, s. a stool made by framing the 

joints into each other. 
Join'tress, s. a woman who has a jointure. 
Join'ture, s. an income settled on a wife, to 

be enjoyed after her husband's decease, in 
consideration of her dowry. 
Join'ture, v. to endow with a jointure. 
Joist, s. the secondary beam of a floor. 
Joke, v. to jest, to be merry : s. a jest. 
Jo'ker, s. a jester, a merry fellow. 
Jo'king, s. the act of passing jokes. 
Jo'kingly, ad. in a jesting, merry way. 
Jole, s. the face or cheek; the head of a fish. 
Jol'lily, ad. in a jolly manner. 
Jol'liness, s. jollity, mirth. 
Jol'lity, s. merriment, festivity, gayety. 
Jol'ly, a. jovial, merry ; plump, like one in 

good health. 
Jol'lv-boat, s. a term for a ship's small boat. 
Jolt, v. to shake, as a carriage on rough 

gr. und : s. a sudden shock or shake. 
Jo'lti r, s. that which shakes or jolts. 
Jo'iti ead, s. a blockhead, a dolt. 
Jon quille, [Fr. s. a species of daffodil. 
Joi'iien, s. a chamber vessel. 



Jos'tle, v. to push against. 

Jot, s. a point, a tittle. 
Jot, v. to set or note down. 
Jot'ting, s. a memorandum. 

Jour'nal, s. a diary, a paper published daily. 

Jour'nalist, s. a writer of journals. 

Jour'nalize, v. to enter in a journal. 

Jour'ney, s. the travel of a day ; travel gen- 
erally, but particularly by land. 

Jour'ney, v. to travel from place to place. 

Journeyman, s. a workman hired by the day. 

Jour'neywork, s. work performed for hire. 

Joust, s. a tilt, a tournament; a mock fight: 
v. to run or engage in the tournament. 

Jo'vial, a. jolly, merry, gay. 

Jo'vialist, s. one who lives jovially. 

Jo'vially, ad. merrily, gayly. 

Jo'vialness, Jo'viality, s. merriment, festivity. 

Jowl. See Jole. 

Jow'ler, s. a hunting dog or beagle. 

Joy, s. gladness, mirth, happiness, festivity. 

Joy, v. to rejoice, to be glad. 

Joy'ful, a. full of joy, merry, exulting. 

Joy'fully, ad. merrily, gladly, with joy. 

Joy'fulness, j. joy, gladness, exultation 

Joy'less, a. destitute of joy or pleasure. 

Joy'lessly, ad,, without receiving pleasure. 

Joy'lessness, s. state of being joyless. 

Joy'ous, a. glad, merry, giving joy. 

Joy'ously, ad. with joy ; with gladness. 

Joy'ousness, s. state of being joyous. 

Ju'bilant, a. uttering songs of triumph. 

Jubila'tion, s. the act of declaring triumph. 

Ju'bilee, s. a public festivity. 

Jucun'dity, s. pleasantness, agreeableness. 

Juda'ically, ad. after the Jewish manner. 

Ju'daism, s. the religion of the Jews. 

Juda'ical, a. Jewish, belonging to the Jews. 

Ju'daize, v. to conform to Judaism. 

Judge, s. an officer who presides in a court of 
judicature ; one who has authority to decide 
upon the merit of any thing. 

Judge, v. to discern ; to decide; to sentence. 

Tudg'cr, s. one who judges. 

Judge'ship, s. office or dignity of. a judge. 

Judg'ment, s. an opinion ; sentence ; con- 
demnation ; final doom. 

Ju'dicative, a. having power to judge. 

Ju'dicatory, a. dispensing justice : s. dispen- 
sation of justice ; a court of justice. 

Ju'dicature, s. a power to distribute justice. 

Judi"cial, a. pertaining to a judge, or to 
courts of law ; inflicted as a penalty, 

Judi"cially, ad. in the forms of legal justice. 

Judi"ciary, a. passing judgment upon. 

Judi"eious, a. prudent, wise, skilful. 

Judi"ciously, ad. skilfully, wisely. 

Judi"ciousness, s. quality of being judicious. 

Jug, s. a large drinking vessel. 

Jug, v. to cook by putting into a jug, and 
then into boiling water. 

Jug'gle, v. to play tricks by sleight of hand. 

Jug'gle, s. a trick, an imposture, a deception. 
j Jug'gler, s. a cheat; one who juggles. 

Jug'glery, s. legerdemain, imposture. 

Jug'gling, s. deception, imposture: a. playing 
tricks, deceiving. 

Ju'gular, a. belonging to the throat. 

Ju'gular, s. a large vein of the neck. 

Juice, s. sap in vegetables; fluid in animals. 

Jui'celess, a. dry; without moisture. 



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Tui r ciness, s. plenty of juice, succulence. 

Jui'cy, a. full of juic, succulent. 

Ju'jube, s. a pulpy fruit, sometimes used as 

a pectoral ren edy 
Tulep, s. a plea ant liquid medicine, 
lu'lian. a. relating to the Julian calendar, so 

called from Julius Caesar. 
Juiy'. s. the seventh month of the year. 
Jum'ble, v. to mix confusedly together. 
Jum'ble, *. a confused mixture. 
Jum bier, s. he who jumbles something. 
Ju'ment, s. a beast of burden. 
Jump, s. a leap, a skip, a bound. 
Jump, v. to leap, to skip, to bound. 
Jump'er, s. one that jumps or leaps. 
Jun'cate, s. a sweetmeat of curds and sugar. 
Jur/cous, a. full of bulrushes. 
Junction, ,?. a union; a coalition. 
Junc'turc, s. a joint; union; critical time. 
June, s. the sixth month of the year. 
Jun'gle, s. land overrun with wood and rank 

vegetation. 
Jungly, a. abounding in jungles. 
Ju'nior, a. younger than another : s. the 

younger, or the one later in office. 
Junior'ity, s. the state of being junior. 
Ju'niper, s. a tree or shrub which produces 

berries that are used in the distillation of 

genuine gin. 
Junk, s. a small Chinese ship. 
Jun'ket, (for Jun'-cate), s. a sweetmeat; a 

stolen entertainment: v. to feast secretly. 
Jun'to, Jun'ta, s. a cabal, a faction. 
Ju'piter, s. one of the superior planets. 
Ju'rat, s. a person sworn to some particular 

duty ; a magistrate in some corporations. 
Ju'ratory, a. comprising an oath. 
Juridical, a. pertaining to courts of law. 
Juridically, ad. with legal authority. 
Jurisconsult, s. one who gives law opinions. 
Jurisdiction, s. legal authority ; power of 

dispensing justice ; a district to which the 

power of dispensing justice extends. 
J urisdio'tional,«. according to legal authority. 
Junsdic'tive, a. having jurisdiction. 
Jurisprudence, s. the science of law. 
Jurisprudent, a. understanding law. 
Jurisprudential, a. relating to the law. 
Ju'rist, s. a civil lawyer, a civilian. 
Ju'ror, Ju'ryman, s. one serving on a jury. 
Ju'ry, s. a certain number of persons sworn 

to declare the truth upon such evidence as 

shall be given before them. 
Ju'rymast, S. a temporary mast. 
Just, a. upright, equitable, honest. 
Just, ad. exactly, accurately, nearly. 
Jus'tice, s. equity, right ; law; one who ad- 
ministrates justice ; a judge. 
Jus'ticer, Justiciary, s. a justice. 
Justiceship, s. ranker office of a justice. 
Justifiable, a. conformable to justice. 
.Tus'tifiableness, s. the being justifiable. 
Justifiably, ad. in a justifiable manner. 
Justifica'tion, s. a defence, vindication. 
Justificative, a. having power to justify. 
Justifica'tor, *. one who justifies. 
Justifier, s. one who justifies or defends. 
Jus'tify, v. to show or prove to be just; to 

clear from sin by pardon ; to clear from 

guilt, to defend. 
Jua'tlo. Sec Jos'tlo. 



Just'ly, ad. uprightly, honestly, properly. 
Just'ness, s. justice, equity. 
Jut, Jutty. See Jet and Jetty. 
Ju'venile, a. youthful, young. 
Juvenility, s. youthfulness. 
Juxtaposi'tion, s. a placing or being placed 
beside each other ; apposition. 

K. 

Kail, s. a kind of cabbage ; colewort. 

Kalei'doscope, s. an optical instrument, en- 
closing at one end of a tube certain mov- 
able objects of various colors, the rays from 
which being reflected, produce an endless 
variety of beautiful figures. 

Kal'endar. See Calendar. 

Ka'li, s. a sea-weed, of the ashes of which 
glass is made. Hence the -word Alkali. 

Kangaroo', s. an animal of New Holland. 

Keck, v. to heave the stomach. 

Kedge, s. a small anchor used in a river: «. 
to warp or move by means of a kedgo. 

Keech, s. a solid lump or mass. 

Keel, s. the bottom of a ship. 

Keel'haul, v. to drag under the keel. 

Keeling, s. a kind of small cod. 

Keen, a. sharp, eager, acrimonious. 

Keen'-eyed, a. having acute sight. 

Keenly, ad. sharply, eagerly, bitterly. 

Keen'ness, s. sharpness, asperity, eagerness. 

Keep, v. to hold, to retain, to preserve, to 
maintain, to last. 

Keep, s. custody ; the donjon or prison of a 
feudal castle. 

Keep'er, s. one who keeps or holds any thing 

Keep'ership, s. office of a keeper. 

Keeping, s. custody, support. 

Keep'sake, s. a gift to be kept for sake of the 
giver ; a souvenir. 

Keg, *. a small barrel. 

Kell, s. a child's caul ; the omentum. 

Kelp, *. a sea-plant; the calcined ashes of 
the plant. 

Kel'py, s. a supposed spirit of the waters in 
Scotland, of the form of ahorse. 

Ken, v. to see, to descry ; to know. 

Ken, *. view; reach of sight; knowledge. 

Ken'nel, s. a (channel or) watercourse; a cot 
or house for dogs. 

Ken'nel, v. to lie or dwell as beasts. 

Kerb'stone, or Curb'stone, *. a thick kind of 
stone at the edge of a pavement which 
keeps in the other stones. 

Ker'chief, s. a kind of head-dress. 

Ker'mes, j. an insect from which crunson or 
scarlet dye is obtained. 

Kern, s. a hand-mill or quern; an ancient 
Irish foot-soldier. 

Ker'nel, s. the substance within a shell. 

Ker'nel, v. to ripen to kernels. 

Ker'sey, s. a kind of coarse woollen stuff. 

Kerseyme're, s. a fine twilled woollen cloth. 

Kestrel, s. a small kind of hawk. 

Ketch, j. a heavy ship with two masts. 

Kettle, s. a vessel for boiling water, &c. 

Kettle-drum, s. a drum with a body of brass. 

Key, *. an instrument to open a lock ; an in- 
dex or explanation; a tone in music. 

Key hole, s. the hole to put a key in. 

Key'stone, *. the middle or fastening stone 
of an arch. 

H3 



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Khan, s. a prince, a governor; an inn. 

Khan'ate, s. the jurisdiction of a khan. 

Kibe, s. a chap in the heel, a chilblain. 

Ki'bed, a. chapped; cracked with cold. 

Kick, v. to strike with the foot. 

Kick, s. a blow with the foot. 

Kick'er, s. one who strikes with the foot. 

Kick'shaw, s. something perfectly disguised 
by cookery. 

Kid, s. the young of a goat. 

Kid, v. to bring forth kids 

Kid'ling, s. a little kid. 

Kid'nap, v. to steal (or nab) children. 

Kid'napper, s. one who steals children. 

Kid'ney, 5. one of the two glands which sepa- 
rate the urine from the blood. 

Kid'ney-bean, s. a garden bean. 

Kil'derkm, s. a beer measure of 18 gallons. 

Kill, v. to deprive of life, to destroy. 

Kil'ler, s. one who deprives of life. 

Kiln, s. a stove for drying or burning in. 

Kiln'dry, v. to dry by means of a kiln. 

Kil'ogram, s. a French measure of capacity. 

Kilom'eter, s. a French measure of length. 

Kilt, s. the short petticoat of a Highlander. 

Kim'bo, a. crooked, bent, arched. 

Kin, s. a relation; kindred; the same kind. 

Kin, a. of the same nature : congenial. 

Kind, a. benevolent, favorable, good. 

Kind, s. a race, a genus, a sort or species. 

Ki'nd-hearted, a. having great benevolence. 

Kin'dle, v. to set on fire; to inilame. 

Kin'dler, s. one that lights ; one who inflames. 

Ki'ndliness, s. favor; affection; good- will. 

Kin'dling, s. the act of setting fire to. 

Ki'ndly, a. indulgent, mild, bland. 

Ki'ndly, ad. benevolently, with good will. 

Ki'ndness, s. benevolence, good will, love. 

Kin'dred, s. relation, affinity, relatives. 

Kin'dred, a. congenial, related, allied. 

Kine, J. the old form of the pi. of cow. 

King, s. a monarch, a chief ruler. 

King'craft, s. the art of governing. 

King'cup, s. a flower ; crowfoot. 

King'dom, s. the dominion of a king. 

King'fisher, s. a beautiful small bird. 

Kingliood, s. state of being a king. 

King'ly, a. royal, august, noble, monarchical. 

King's-e'vil, s. a scrofulous disease. 

King'ship, s. royalty, monarchy. 

Kins'folk, s. relations, persons related. 

Kins'man, *. a man of the same family. 

Kins'woman, s. a female relation. 

Ki'osk, Ki'osque, s. aTurkish pleasure-house. 

Kip'per, s. salmon salted and dried. 

Kirk, s. a church ; the church of Scotland. 

Kir'tle, s. an upper garment, a gown. 

Kiss, v. to touch with the lips. 

Kiss, s. a salute given by joining lips. 

Kiss'ing- crust, s. a crust formed in the oven 
by one loaf touching another. 

Kit, s. a small fiddle ; a wooden vessel. 

Kit'kat, a. denoting the size of a portrait, 
not quite half-length. (This term was 
originally applied to the portraits of the 
members of the Kit- Cat Club, which was 
founded by Addison, Steele, &c.) 

Kitchen, s. a room used for cookery. 

Kitch'en-garden, s. a vegetable garden. 

Kitch'en-maid, s. an under cook-maid. 

Kitch'enstuff, s. fat collected in cooking* .. 



Kitch'en-wench, s. a scullion. 

Kitch'en-work, s. work done in the kitchen. 

Kite, s. a bird of prey ; a paper toy for flying 
in the air. 

Kit'ten, s. a young cat. 

Kit'ten, v. to bring forth young cats. 

Knack, s. dexterity, readiness ; a toy. 

Knack'er, s. a maker of knick-knacks, a 
maker of small work ; a man who kills 
and sells old horses for dog's-meat. 

Knag, s. a hard knot in wood ; a wart. 

Knag'gy, a. knotty, set with rough knots. 

Knap, s. a small prominence ; a hillock. 

Knap, v. to bite, to break short. 

Knap'py, a. full of knaps or hillocks. 

Knap'sack, s. a haversack, a soldier's bag. 

Knarl, Knarle. See Gnarl. 

Knave, s. a petty rascal, a scoundrel. 

Kna'very, s. dishonesty, craft, deceit. 

Kna'vish, a. roguish; waggish ; mischievous. 

Kna'vishly, ad. fraudulently, mischievously. 

Kna'vishness, s. knavish propensity. 

Knead, v. to work dough with the fist. 

Knead'ing-trough, s. a trough to knead in. 

Knee, s. a joint between the leg and thigh. 

Knee'deep, a. rising or sunk to the knees. 

Knee'holly, Knee'holm, s. a plant; a shrub. 

Knee'pan, s. a small round bone at the fore- 
part of the knee. 

Kneel, v. to bend or rest on the knee. 

Kneel'er, s. one who kneels. 

Kneetrib'ute, s. obeisance shown by kneeling. 

Knell, s. the sound of a funeral bell. 

Knife, s. a steel utensil to cut with. 

Knight, s. a title next in dignity to a baronet; 
a champion : v. to create a knight; to 
reward by knighthood. 

Knight of the shire, s. a member of parlia- 
ment chosen by freeholders. 

Knight-er'rant, s. a wandering knight. 

Knight-er'rantry, s. the principles and feats 
of the ancient knight-errants. 

Kni'ghthood, s. the dignity of a knight. 

Kni'gbtly, a. befitting a knight. 

Kni'ght-service, 5. a tenure of lands formerly 
held by knights on condition of performing 
military service. 

Knit, v. to weave without a loom; to unite 
closely, to join. 

Knit'tcr, s. one who knits or weaves. 

Knit'ting, s. that which has been knitted ; a 
species of weaving with small steel wires, 
without the aid of a loom. 

Knit'ting-needle, s. a wire used in knitting. 

Knob, s. a protuberance. 

Knob'bed, Knob'by, a. full of knobs, hard- 
Knock, s. a sudden stroke, a blow. 

Knock, v. to clash, to strike with noise. 

Knock Yr, s. a kind of hammer hanging at the 
door witl) which to knock for admittance. 

Knock'ing, s. a beating at the door. 

Knoll; s. a little round hill. 

Knoll, v. to ring or sound as a bell. 

Knoll'er, s. one who tolls a bell. 

Knop. Sec Knob. 

Knot, s. a part which is tied ; a difficulty. 

Knot, v. to make knots ; to unite. 

Knot'grass, s. grass with knotted stems. 

Knot'less, a. free from knots. 

Knot'ted, Knot'ty, a. full of knots ; hard. 

Knot'tiness, s. fulness of knots ; intricacy. 



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Knout, s. a punishment common in Russia, 
by flogging the hacks of criminals with a 
long strap of leather. 

Know, v. to understand, to recognise. 

KnoVable, a. that may be known. 

Know'er, s. one who knows. 

Knowing, a. skilful, intelligent, conscious. 

Knowingly, ad. with skill ; designedly. 

Knowledge, s. skill, learning, perception. 

Knuc'kle, s. a joint of the finger : v. to sub- 
mit ; to bend : to comply. 

Knuckled, a. jointed ; having knuckles. 

Ko'peck, s. a Russian copper coin. 

Ko'rau, s. the Alcoran, the Mahometan Bible. 

Ku'miss, s. a liquor made from mare's milk, 
used by the Tartars. 

Ku'ril, s. a bird ; the black peterel. 

L. 

La, int. look ! behold ! see ! 

Lab'dammi, s. a resin of the softer kind. 

Labefac'tion, s. the act of weakening. 

Lab'efy, v. to weaken, to impair. 

La'bel, s. a short direction upon any thing. 

La'bel, v. to affix a label on any thing. 

La'bent, a. sliding, gliding, slipping. 

LaTbial, a. uttered by or relating to the lips. 

La'biated, a. formed with lips. 

Labio-dcn'tal, a. articulated by the co-opera- 
tion of the lips and teeth. 

Laboratory, s. a chymist's work-room. 

Labo'rious, a. requiring labour ; tiresome. 

Laboriously, ad. with labour or toil. 

Labo'riousness, s. toilsomeness ; assiduity. 

La'bour, s. pain, toil, work; childbirth. 

La'bour, v. to toil, to work ; to be in travail. 

La'bourcr, s. one who toils o. takes pains. 

La'bouring, a. striving with effort. 

La'bourless, a. not laborious. 

Labur'num, s. a large shrub or tree bearing 
yellow flowers. 

Lab'yrinth, s. a maze full of windings. 

Labyrin'thian, a. having inextricable turnings 
or windings; perplexed like a labyrinth. 

Labyrin'thic, a. like a labyrinth. 

Lac, s. a kind of gum, the product of an in- 
sect, whose eggs it is designed to nourish. 

Lac'ic, a. pertaining to or composed of lac. 

Lace, s. a platted cord of gold or silver. 

Lace, v. to fasten with a lace ; to adorn. 

La'ceman, s. one who deals in lace. 

La"ccrable, a. that may bo rent or torn. 

La"cerate, v. to tear in pieces, to rend. 

Lacera'tion, J. the act of tearing or rending. 

La"cerative, a. having the power to tear. 

La"cerane, a. like a lizard. 

Lacerlus, s. the lizard-fish. 

La'cewoman. s. she who makes or sells lace. 

Lache, s. in law, neglect, negligence. 

Lach'rymable, a. lamentable. 

Lach'rymal, a. generating tears. 

Lachryma'tion, s. the act of shedding tears. 

Lach'rymary, a. containing tears. 

Lach'rymatory, s. a vessel to preserve tears. 

Lack, s. want, need; a numeral term in India 
applied to money, meaning one hundred 
thousand, as, "a lack of rupees." 

Lack, v. to be in want, to be without. 

Lackadaisical, a. ailbctcdly pensive. 

Lackaday', int. alas ! 

Lock' brain. s. one that wants wit. 



Lack'er, Lac'qucr, s. a kind of yellow varnish. 

Lack'er, Lac'quer, v. to ccver with lacker. 

Lack'ey, s. a footboy ; an attending servant. 

Lack'ey, v. to attend servilely. 

Lacklustre, a. wanting brightness, dull. 

Lacon'ic, Laconical, a. concise ; pithy. 

Laconically, ad. briefly, concisely. 

Lac'onism, Lacon'icism, .?. a concise pithy 
style ; a sententious phrase. 

Lac'tant, a. suckling, giving milk. 

Lac'tary, a. milky : s. a dairy-house. 

Lac'tate, s. acid of milk with a base. 

Lacta'tion, s. the act of giving suck. 

Lac'teal, s, a vessel that conveys chyle. 

Lac'teal, Lac'teous, a. conveying chyle. 

Lactcs'cence, s. tendency to produce milk. 

Lactes'cent, Lactif'ic, a. producing milk. 

Lac'tic, a. pertaining to milk. 

Lactiferous, a. conveying or producing milk. 

Lacu'nar, s. an arched roof or ceiling. 

Lacu'nous, a. furrowed or pitted. 

Lad, s. a boy, a stripling. 

Lad'der, s. a frame with steps for climbing 

Lade, v. to load, to freight ; to heave out. 

La'ding, s. a freight, cargo of a ship. 

La'dle, s. a large deep spoon with a long 
handle, for lading fluids. 

La'dleful, s. as much as a ladle holds. 

La'dy, s. a female title of honor; a woman. 

La'dy-bird, >«. a small red insect. 

Lady-day 7 , s. the 25th of 'March, the Annun- 
ciation of the Blessed Virgin. The 15th of 
August (the Assumption) is also called 
Lady-day. 

La'dylike, a. having the manners of a lady. 

La'dyship, *. the title of a lady. 

La'dy's-slipper, s. a plant, the cypripedium. 

La'dy's-smock, s. a plant, the eardamine. 

Lag, s. the fag-end ; he that lags behind. 

Lag, a. coming behind, sluggish, last. 

Lag, v. to loiter, to stay behind. 

Lag'gard, a. backward, sluggish, slow : s.one 
that lags behind, a loiterer. 

Lag'ger, s. a laggard, a loiterer, an idler. 

Lagoon', Lagu'ne, s. a small lake. 

La'ic, La'ical, a. pertaiuing to the laity. 

Lair, s. the couch of a boar or wild beast. 

Laird, s. a lord of the manor in Scotland. 

La'ity, s. the people, as distinguished from 
the clergy. 

Lake, s. a large inland water; a color. 

La'ky, a. belonging or pertaining to a lake. 

La'ma, s. the sovereign pontiff of the Asiatio 
Tartars ; a quadruped of South America. 

Lamb, s. the young of a sheep. 

Lamb, v. to yean ; to bring forth lambs. 

Lam'bative, a. licking, touching or passing 
over lightly : s. a medicine taken by licking. 

Lam'bent, a. licking ; playing about. 

Lamb'kin, s. a little or young lamb. 

Lamblike, a. meek, mild, gentle. 

Lame, a. crippled, hobbling ; imperfect. 

Lame, v. to make lame, to cripple. 

Lamellae, [Lat.] s. thin plates or scales. 

Lam'ellar, a. composed of thin flakes. 

Lam'ellated, a. covered with thin scales. 

La'mely, ad. like a cripple ; imperfectly. 

La'mencss, s. the state of a cripple. 

Lament', s. sorrow audibly expressed. 

Lament', v. to mourn, to bewail. 

Lam'entable, a. to be lamented, mournful. 



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Laiu'entably, ad. mournfully, pitifully. 

Lamenta'tion, s. expression of sorrow. 

Lament'er, s. he who mourns or laments. 

La'mia, [Lat.] s. a she-demon, a witch. 

Lam'ina, [Lat.] s. a thin plate or scale. 

Lam'inary, a. composed of layers. 

Lam'inate, v. to form into thin plates. 

Lam'inated, a. covered with plates or scales. 

Lam'mas, s. the first day of August. 

Lamp, s. a light made from oil and a wick ; 
that which contains it. The Safety-ha,m\) 
is one used in coal mines. 

Lamp'black, s. a fine soot, originally made 
from the smoke of a lamp. 

Lampoon', s. a personal satire; abuse. 

Lampoon', v. to abuse with personal satire. 

Lampoon'er, s. a writer of lampoons. 

Lampoon'ry, s. abuse with personal satire. 

Lam'prey, s. a fish like an eel. 

Lana'nous, a. pertaining to wool. 

Lan'ary, s. a storehouse for wool. 

Lance, s. a long spear. 

Lance, v. to pierce with a spear ; to open 
with a lancet. 

Lan'cer, ,?. one armed with a lance. 

Lan'cet, s. a small pointed instrument. 

Land, s. earth, ground, estate, a country. 

Land, v. to set on shore, to disembark. 

Landau', s. a coach which opens at the top. 

Land'ed, a. having an estate in land. 

Land'flood, s. an inundation by rain. 

Land'grave, ,?. a German title of dominion. 

Land'^raviate, s. the territory of a landgrave. 

Land'holder, s. one who possesses land. 

Land'ing, s. place to land at ; the stair top. 

Land'jobber, ?. one who buys and sells land. 

Land'lady, s. the mistress of an inn. 

Land'less, a. having no property in land. 

Land'Iocked, a. shut in or enclosed by land. 

Land'lord, s. a proprietor of land or houses, 
to whom rent is paid ; the master of an inn. 

/.and'mark, .?. a mark of boundaries. 

Land'ward, ad. towards the land. 

Land'-wind, s. wind blowing from the land. 

Land'scape, s. a country view or prospect. 

Land'slip, s. the sliding down of a consider- 
able tract of land from a mountain. 

Lands'man, s. one who lives or serves on land. 

Land'-tax, s. a tax upon land and houses. 

Land'waiter, s. a custom-house officer who 
waits for and watches the landing of goods. 

Lane, s. a narrow street or alley. 

La;/guage, s. human speech; the speech of 
any one nation ; style or manner of expres- 
sing thought. 

Lan'guid, a. weak, faint, feeble, heartless. 

Lan'guidly, ad. weakly; feebly. 

Lan'guidness, s. feebleness ; weakness. 

Lan'gui h, v. to grow feeble; to pine away. 

Lan'guisher, s. one who pines or languishes. 

Languishing, a. having a languid and tender 
look : s. feebleness, languor. 

Lun'euisliingly, ad. weakly ; tenderly. 

Lan'guishment, s. a softness of mien. 

Lan'iards, Lan'yards, s. small ropes used in 
fastening tackle on ship-board. 

Lan'guor, s. want of strength or spirit. 

La'niate, v to tear in pieces. 

Lanif' erous, a. bearing wool, as plants. 

Lani'gerous, a. bearing wool, as sheep. 

Lank, a. thin, slender ; not filled, not plump. 



[ Lankly, ad. thinly ; loosely. 

j Lank'ness, s. a want of plumpness. 

I Lan'ner, Lan'naret, s. a species of hawk. 

Lan'squenet, s. a game at cards; a lance sol- 
dier, a foot soldier. 

Lan'tern, s. a transparent case for a candle ; 
the upper part of a light-house : a. thin- 
visaged. 

Lan'tern-fiy, s. a small winged insect. 

Lanu'ginous, a. covered with soft hair. 

Lap, s. the loose part or flap of a garment ; 
the part of a garmentwhich spreads or lies 
above the knees when a person is seated. 

Lap, v. to wrap round ; to lick up. 

Lap'dog, s. a little dog for the lap. 

Lapel', s. that part of a eoat which wraps 
over the breast. 

Lap'full, s. as much as the lap can hold. 

Lap'idary, j. a polisher of precious stones. 

Lap'idary, a. monumental ; inscribed on stone. 

Lapides'cent, a. growing or turning to stone 

Lapid'eous, a. stony, of the nature of stone. 

Lapides'cence, s. stony concretion. 

Lapidif'ic, a. forming into stone. 

Lap'idist, s. a dealer in stones or gems. 

La'pis-Lazuli, *.the azure stone ; a copper ore. 

Lap'per, s. one who wraps up or laps. 

Lap'pet, s. a loose part of a head-dress. 

Lapse, s. a fall ; a small error or mistake. 

Lapse, v. to slip, to fall ; to suffer to slip or 
become vacant. 

Lap'stone, a\ a stone held in the lap on which 
shoemakers hammer their leather. 

Lap'wing, s. a bird that flaps its wings very 
much ; the pewit. 

Lap'work, s. work in which one part is inter- 
changeably wrapped over the other. 

Lar'board, s. the left-hand side of a ship: a. 
pertaining to the left-hand side of a ship. 

Lar ceny, s. petty theft or robbery. 

Larch, s. a tree of the fir kind. 

Lard, s. the fat of swine melted. 

Lard, v. to stuff with lard ; to fatten. 

Lar'der, s. a place where meat is kept. 

Large, a. big, bulky, wide, copious, liberal. 

Lar'gely, ad. widely, copiously, liberally. 

Lar'geness, *. bulk, greatness, extension. 

Lar'gess, s. a present, bounty, gift. 

Lar'gish, a. somewhat large. 

Lar'go, Larghet'to, [It.] s. terms in musio 
denoting slow, but quicker than adagio. 

Lark, s. a small singing bird. 

Lark'spur, s. a plant, a flower. 

Lar'um, s. an alarum ; noise denoting danger. 

Lar'va, s. an insect in the caterpillar state. 

Lar'vated, a. wearing a mask, masked. 

Laryn'gean, a. pertaining to the larynx. 

Laryngot'omy, s. the operation of opening 
the windpipe to give respiration. 

Lar'ynx, s. the upper part of the trachea, 
which lies below the root of the tongue. 

Lascar', s. an Indian seaman or gunner. 

Lasciv'ious, a. lewd, lustful, wanton. 

Lasciv'iously, ad. in a lascivious manner. 

Lasciv'iousness, s. wantonness, lewdness. 

Lash, s. the thong of a whip ; a stroke. 

Lash, v. to scourge, to strike ; to satirize. 

Lass, s. a girl, a young woman. 

Las'situde, s. fatigue, weariness, languor. 

Last, a. latest, hindmost, utmost. 

Last, v. to endure, to continue. 



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Last, s. a mould to form shoes on. 
Last'age, s. a custom paid for freightage. 
Lasting, a. durable, perpetual. 
Lastingly, ad. perpetually, durably. 
Lastlngness, s. the quality of durability. 
Last'ly, ad. in the last place, finally. 
Latch, s. a fastening for a door. 
Latch, v. to fasten with a latch. 
Lat'chet, s. a shoestring ; a fastening. 
Late, a. not early, slow, tardy, recent, far in 

the day or night ; deceased. 
Late, ad. lately, recently ; after the proper 

time ; far in the day, night, or season. 
Lat'een, s. the triangular sail of a ship. 
La'tely, ad. not long ago, recently. 
La'tency, s. state of being latent. 
La'teness, s. time far advanced. 
Lat'eral, a. of or belonging to the side. 
Lat'erally, ad. by the side, sidewise. 
Lat'eran, s. the pope's palace at Rome. 
La'tent, a. secret, hidden, concealed. 
Lateri'lious, a. resembling brick. 
Lath, s. a long thin narrow slip of wood. 
Lath, v. to fit up with laths. 
Lathe, s. a machine for turning wood. 
Lath'er, s. the froth of water and soap. 
Lath'er, v. to form or cover with lather. 
Lath'y, a. thin or long as a lath. 
Lat'in, s. the ancient Roman language. 
Lat'inism, s. an idiom of the Latin tongue. 
Lat'inist, s. one well versed in Latin. 
Latin'ity, s. Latin composition; pure Latin. 
Latinize, v. to make or use Latin. 
Latiros'trous, a. having a broad beak. 
La'tish, a. somewhat late. 
Latltancy, s. the state of lying hid. 
Lat'ita-nt, a. lurking, lying hid. 
Lat'itat, [Lat.] s. in law, a writ to summon 

a person, as from a supposed hiding-place. 
Lat'itude, s. breadth, width, extent, liberty, 

diffusion ; the distance, north or south, 

from the equator. 
Latitu'dinal, a. pertaining to latitude. 
Latitudina'rian, s. one who is free in religious 

opinions; a freethinker. 
Latitudina'rian, a. free in religious opinions. 
Latitudina'rianism, s. freedom of religious 

opinions or indifference therein. 
La'trant, a. barking, snarling. 
La'tria, s. the higher kind of worship. 
Lat'rociny, *. robbery ; larceny. 
Lat'ten, s. brass; iron tinned over. 
Lat'ter, a. modern ; the last of two. 
Lat'terly, ad. of late, lately. 
Lat'termath, s. a second mowing. 
Lat'tice, s. a window formed of grate-work. 
Lat'tice, v. to mark with crosses like a lattice. 
Laud, s. praise : v. to extol. 
Laudabil'ity, Lau'dableness, s. praiseworthi- 

ness, commendableness. 
Laud'able, a. praiseworthy, commendable. 
Laud'ably, ad. so as to deserve praise. 
Lau'danum, s. the tincture of opium. 
Lauda'tion, s. praise ; honor paid. 
Laud'ative, s. panegyrical. 
Lau'datory, a. containing praise. 
Laud'er, s. a praiser; a commender. 
Laugh, s. an inarticulate expression of sudden 

mirth, expression of sudden merriment. 
Laugh, v. to make that noise which sudden 

mirth excites ; to deride, to scorn. 



Laugh'able, a. exciting laughter, droll. 
Laugh'er, *. one who laughs much. 
Laughingly, ad. in a merry way, merrily. 
Laugh'ing-stock, s an object of ridicule. 
Laugh'ter, *. convulsive merriment. 
Launch, s. the sliding movement of a ship 

when first entering on the water ; a long 

fiat-bottomed boat. 
Launch, v. to dart forward ; to put to sea. 
Laun'derer, s. a man that washes clothes. 
Laun'dress, s. a washerwoman. 
Laun'dry, s. a washing ; a place or room for 

washing in. 
Lau'reate, a. crowned or wreathed with lau- 
rel : s. the king's poet : v. to wreathe or 

crown with laurel. 
Laurea'tion, s. the act of conferring a degree. 
Lau'rel, s. an evergreen tree. 
Lau'relled, a. crowned with laurel. 
Laurusti'nus, s. an evergreen shrub. 
La'va, s. liquid and vitrified matter dis- 
charged by volcanoes. 
Lava'tion, s. a washing or cleansing. 
Lav'atory, s. a wash ; a bathing-place. 
Lave, v. to wash, to bathe. 
Lav'ender, s. a fragrant herb ; a laundress. 
La'ver, s. a washing-vessel. 
Lav'ish, v. to waste; to scatter profusely. 
Lav'ish, a. profuse, prodigal, wasteful. 
Lav'isher, s. a prodigal, a profuse person. 
Lav'ishly, ad. profusely; prodigally. 
Lav'ishment, Lav'ishness, *. prodigality. 
Lavolt', Lavol'ta, [It.] *. an old brisk dance. 
Law, s. a rule of action ; a decree, an edict, 

a statute ; a judicial process. 
Law'breaker, s one who violates a law 
Law'ful, a. conformable to law, legal. 
Law'fully, ad. in a lawful manner. 
Lawfulness, s. legality. 
Law'giver, s. a law maker, a legislator. 
Law'giving, a. making laws, legislative. 
Law'less, a. illegal, unrestrained by law. 
Lawlessly, ad. in an illegal manner. 
Lawlessness, 5. the state of being lawless. 
Law'maker, s. a legislator or one who makes 

laws ; a lawgiver. 
Law'monger, *. a smatterer in law. 
Lawn, s. a plain between woods. 
Lawn, *. a kind of fine linen. 
Lawn, a. made of lawn. 
Lawn'y, a. interspersed with lawns. 
Law'suit, *. a proces-s in law ; a litigation. 
Law'yer, s. one versed in law, an advocate. 
Lax, a. loose, vague ; not strict or exact. 
Lax, s. a looseness, a diarrhoea. 
Laxa'tion, s. the act of loosening. 
Lax'ative, s. a medicine gently purgative. 
Lax'ative, a. relieving costiveness. 
Lax'ativeness, s. quality of relaxing. 
.Lax'ity, Lax'ness, s. the state of being lax. 
Lax'ly, ad. loosely, without exactness. 
Lay, v. to place or put down, to settle, to 

calm, to allay ; to spread ; to wager ; to 

bring forth eggs. 
Lay, s. a stratum, a row ; a song or poem. 
Lay, a. not clerical ; belonging to the people, 

as distinct from the clergy. , 

Lay, 5. See Layland. 
Lay'er, s. one that lays; a stratum, a row, a 

bed ; a shoot or twig of a plant laid or put 

under ground for propagation. 



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Lay'land, s. fallow ground which lies un- 
tilled, lea land. 

Lay'man, s. one of the laity. 

La'zar, s. one infected with loathsome dis- 
eases (like Lazarus in the Gospel.) 

La'zarhouse, Lazaret'to, s. a house to receive 
lazars in ; an hospital. 

La'zarlike, a. full of sores : leprous. 

La'zily, ad. idly, sluggishly, heavily. 

La'ziness, s. idleness, slothful ness. 

La'zy, a. idle, sluggish, unwilling to work. 

Lea, Ley, s. meadow or pasture land. 

Lead, s. a very heavy metal. 

Lead, v. to fit or cover with lead. 

Lead, v. to guide, to conduct, to induce. 

Lead, s. guidance ; the leading or first place. 

Lead'ed, a. fitted or secured with lead. 

Lead'en, a. made of lead ; heavy, dull. 

Lead'en-heeled, a. moving slowly. 

Lea'der, s. a conductor, a commander. 

Lea'ding, a. principal, chief: s. guidance. 

Lea'ding-strings, s. strings by which chil- 
dren, when they learn to walk, are sup- 
ported. 

Lead'y, a. having the appearance of lead . 

Leaf, s. the green parts of trees and plants ; 
any thing foliated ; as the leaf of a book, 
the leaf of a table, &c. 

Leafage, s. abundance of leaves ; foliage. 

Leafed, a. bearing or having leaves. 

Leafless, a. naked, or stripped of leaves. 

Leaflet, s. a little leaf. 

Leafstalk, s. the stalk that supports a leaf. 

Leafy, a. full of leaves. 

League, s. a distance of three miles. 

League, s. a confederacy : v. to confederate. 

Lea'guer, s. one united in a confederacy. 

Leak, s. a breach which let3 in water. 

Leak, v. to let water in or out, to drop. 

Leak'age, s. a leaking ; allowance made for 
waste or loss by leaking. 

Leak'y, a. letting water in or out. 

Lean, a. thin, meagre. 

Lean, s. flesh without fat. 

Lean, v. to rest against, to bend towards. 

Lean'ness, s. a want of flesh, meagreness. 

Leap, s. a bound, a jump ; sudden transition. 

Leap, v. to jump, to bound, to spring. 

Leap'er, s. one who leaps or jumps. ■ 

Leap'-frog, s. a play of children. 

Leap'-year, s. every fourth year. 

Learn, v. to gain knowledge of or skill in. 

Learn'ed, a versed in science; skilled. 

Learn'edly, ad. with knowledge; with skill. 

Leara'er, s. one who is learning any thing. 

Learn'ing, s. erudition ; skill in any thing. 

Leas'able, a. that may be let by lease. 

Lease, s. a letting of lands or tenements for 
a fixed time at a stated rent; the instru- 
ment by which the contract is made valid ; 
any tenure : v. to let by lease. 

Lease, v. to glean, to gather up. 

Leasehold, s. land or t mements held by 
lea=ie : a. held by lease. 

Lea'seholder, s. a tenant under a lease. 

Leas'er, s. a gleaner ; a liar. 

Leash, s. a leathern thong, a band to tie 
with ; three, a brace and a half. 

Leash, v. to bind ; to hold in a string. 

Leas'ing, s. lies; falsehood, deceit. 

Least, a. superlative of little, the smallest. 



Leath'er, s. an animal's hide dressed. 

Leath'ercoat, s. an apple with a tough rind. 

Leath'er-dresser, s. one who dresses leather. 

Leath'ern, a. made of leather. 

Leath'er-seller, s. one who deals in leather. 

Leath'ery, a. resembling leather. 

Leave, s. permission, licence; farewell. 

Leave, v. to quit, to abandon, to bequeath. 

Leav'en, s. that which is mixed with dough 
to raise it and make it light. 

Leav'en, v. to ferment, to taint, to imbue. 

Leav'ening, s. that which leavens. 

Leav'enous, a. containing leaven ; tainted. 

Leav'er, s. one who leaves or forsakes. 

Lea'vings, s. pi. remnants, relics, offal. 

Lech'er, s. a man given to lewdness. 

Lech'erous, a. lewd, lustful. 

Lech'erously, ad. lewdly, lustfully. 

Lech'ery, Lech'erousness, s. lewdness, lust. 

Lec'tion, s. a reading ; a variety in copies. 

Lec'ture, v. to read lectures ; to reprimand. 

Lec'ture, s. a discourse, a reading; a reproof. 

Lec'turer, s. an instructor, a preacher. 

Lec'tureship, s. the office of a lecturer. 

Ledge, s. a layer, a stratum, a row ; a ridge ; 
a prominent part. 

Led'ger, s. the chief book of accounts. 

Lee, Lee-side, a. the side of a ship which 
lies farthest from the wind or weather side. 

Leech, s. a species of aquatic worm that 
sucks the blood ; a physician. 

Leek, s. a common pot-herb. 

Leer, s. an oblique view or side look. 

Leer, v. to look obliquely; to look archly. 

Leer'ingly, ad. with a Jeer. 

Lees, Lee, s. dregs, sediment. 

Lce'-shoro, s. that toward which the wind 
blows, or which is next the lee-side. 

Leet, s. a court at which the freeholders of a 
certain district annually attend. 

Lce'-tide, s. the tide running in the same 
direction as the wind blows. 

Lee'ward, ad. toward the shore or side on 
which the wind blows. 

Lee'-way, v. the lateral movement of a ship 
to leeward of her course. 

Left, a. opposite to the right ; sinister. 

Left'-handed, a. using the left hand rather 
than the right ; awkward ; unlucky. 

Leffc-hahd'ednoss, s. the being left-handed. 

Leg, s. the limb between the knee and foot. 

Leg'acy, s. a bequest made by will. 

Leg'acy-huntor, s. one who courts and flat- 
ters in order to get legacies. 

Legal, a. according to law, lawful. 

Legal'ity, Le'galness, s. lawfulness. 

Le'galize, v. to make lawful; to authorize. 

Le'gally, ad. lawfully; according to law. 

Leg'ate, s. an ambassador from the pope. 

Legatee', 5. one who has a legacy left him. 

Leg'ateship, s. the office of a legate. 

Leg'atine, a. pertaining to a legate. 

Lega'tion, s. a deputation, an embassy. 

Lega'tor, s. one who makes a will. 

Le"gend, s. a chronicle or register ; a fabu- 
lous or romantic narrative ; an inscription. 

Le"gendary, a. fabulous, unauthentic. 

Legerdemain', s. sleight of hand ; a juggle. 

Leger'ity, s. lightness, nimbleness. 

Legibility, s. capability of being 1 read. 

Le"gible, a. easy to be read, apparent. 



LEG 



159 



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Le"gibleness, s. quality of being legible. 

Le"gibly, ad. in a manner easy to be read. 

Le'gion, s. a large body of soldiers among the 
ancient Romans; any great number. 

Le'gionary, a. relating to a legion. 

Le"gislate, v. to make or give laws. 

Legislation, s. tbe act of giving laws. 

Legislative, a. giving or enacting laws. 

Le"gisiator, s. one who makes laws. 

Le"gislatress, s. a female lawgiver. 

Legislature, s. the power that makes laws. 

Legitimacy, s. lawful birth ; genuineness. 

Legitimate, a. born in marriage ; lawful. 

Legitimately, ad. lawfully ; genuinely. 

Legitimateness, s. legality, lawfulness. 

Legitimation, 5. the act of investing with the 
privileges of lawful birth. 

Legu'me, Legu'men, s. pulse. 

Legu'minous, a. belonging to pulse. 

Lei'surable, a. done at or having leisure. 

Lei'surably, ad. at leisure ; without hurry. 

J ei'sure, s. freedom from business or hurry. 

Lei'sure, a. unoccupied. 

Lei surely, ad. not in a hurry ; slowly. 

Le'man, s. a sweetheart, a gallant. 

Lem'ma, s. a proposition previously taken or 
assumed as the ground of a subsequent 
demonstration. 

Lem'on, s. the name of an acid fruit. 

Lemon'ade, s. water, sugar, and lemon-juice. 

Lem'ures, [Lat.] s. hobgoblins ; evil spirits. 

Lend, v. to grant the use of any thing. 

Lend'er, s. one who lends any thing. 

Length, s. extent from end to end ; distance. 

Length'cn, v . to make longer, to protract. 

Length'ful, a. of great extent in length. 

Length'wise, ad. in a longitudinal direction. 

Length'y, a. rather long ; tediously long. 

Le'niency, s. mildness, gentleness. 

Le'nient, a. emollient, mild, mitigating. 

Le'nient, s. an emollient application. 

Lenlfy, v. to assuage, to mitigate. 

Lenitive, a. assuasive, mitigating. 

Lenitive, s. a palliative. 

Lenity, s. mildness, mercy, tenderness. 

Lens, s. a glass spherically convex on both 
sides, like the seeds of a lentil. 

Lent, s. the quadragesimal fast, from Ash- 
Wednesday to Easter Sunday. 

Lent'en, a. such as is used in Lent ; sparing. 

Lentic'ular, Len'tiform, a. having the form 
of a lens ; doubly convex. 

Lenti'go, s. a scurfy eruption. 

Len'til, s. a sort of pulse or pea. 

Lcn'tor, s. slowness ; tenacity, viscosity. 

Len'tous, a. viscous, tenacious, glutinous. 

Lo'onine, a. belonging to a lion. 

Leop'ard, s. a spotted beast of prey. 

Lep'cr, s. one infected with a leprosy. 

Lepld, a. pleasant, lively. 

Lepldopter, Lepidop'tera, s. an order of in- 
sects with four wings, as the butterfly. 

Lep'orine, a. of the nature of a hare. 

Lep'rosy, s. a loathsome disease, in which 
the body. is covered with white scales. 

Lep'rous, a. having the leprosy. 

Lep'rously, ad. in an infectious degree. 

Le'sion, s. a hurting; an injury. 

Loss, ad. in a smaller degree: a. smaller. 

Lessee', s. one to whom a lease is given. 

Les'sen, v. to make or grow less. 



Les'son, s. any thing read or repeated to & 
teacher ; a portion of Scripture appointed 
to be read in divine service ; a precept ; a 
doctrine or notion inculcated. 

Les'son, v. to teach, to instruct. 

Les'sor, s. he who grants a lease to another 

Lest, conj. that not, for fear that. 

Let, v. to allow, to permit, to hire out. 

Let, s. ahinderance, obstruction, obstacle. 

Le'thal, a. deadly, mortal. 

Lethar'gic, Lethar'gical, a. drowsy ; torpid. 

Lethar'gically, ad. in a morbid sleepiness. 

Lethar'gicalness, Lethar'gicness, s. morbid 
sleepiness, or drowsiness. 

Leth'argy, s. a morbid drowsiness. 

Le'the, s. oblivion ; death. 

Lethe'an, a. oblivious, causing oblivion. 

Lethiferous, a. deadly, fatal. 

Let'ter, s. an epistle ; one of the characters 
of the alphabet ; a printing type. 

Let'ter, v. to stamp with letters. 

Let'ter-case, s. a case to put letters in. 

Let'tered, a. learned, educated, literary ; 
marked with letters. 

Let'ter-founder, s. one who casts letters 

Let'ter-press, s. print from types. 

Let'ters, s. literature, learning. 

Let'tuce, s. a common salad plant. 

Levant', s. the eastern parts and coasts of the 
Mediterranean sea. 

Lev'antine, a. belonging to the Levant. 

Lev'ee, s. a morning assembly of visitors. 

Lev'el, a. even, plain, fiat, smooth. 

Lev'el, v. to make even ; to lay fiat ; to aim. 

Lev'el, s. a plain or plane ; a standard ; state 
of equality ; line of direction. 

Lev'eller, s. one who levels; one who seeks 
to bring persons or ranks above him to his 
own level. 

Lev'elness, s. an equality of surface. 

Le'ver, s. a bar for raising a heavy weight, 
the second mechanical power. 

Le'verage, s. power of the lever. 

Lev'eret, s. a young hare. 

Leviable, a. that may be levied. 

Levi'athan, *. a huge water animal men- 
tioned in the book of Job ; the crocodile 
or whale. 

Levigate, v. to rub, to smoothe ; to pulver- 
ize : a. made smooth. 

Leviga'tion, s. the act of levigating. 

Levita'tion, s. the act of making light. 

Le'vite, s. one of the tribe of Levi. 

Levit'ical, a. belonging to the Levites. 

Levit'icus, J. the book of the Old Testament 
which contains the ceremonial law. 

Levity, j. lightness ; want of seriousness. 

Lev'y, v. to raise, to collect. 

Lev'y, s. the act of raising money or men. 

Lewd, a. wicked, lustful ; not clerical. 

Lewdly, ad. libidinously ; lustfully. 

Lewd'ness, s. lusti'ulness, wickedness. 

Lexicog'rapher, s. a writer of dictionaries. 

Lexicographic, a. pertaining to a dictionary 

Lexicog'raphy, s. the art or practice of writ 
ing dictionaries. 

Lex'icon, s. a dictionary; a word-book. 

Liability, Li'ableness, s. the being liable. 

Li'able, a. subject to ; not exempt. 

Li'ar, s. one who utters falsehoods. 

Liba'tion, s. an offering made of wine. 



LIB 160 



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Li'bcl, s. a defamatory satire, a lampoon : v. 
to spread defamation, to lampoon. 

Li'beller, s. one who libels or lampoons. 

Li'bellous, a. defamatory, abusive. 

Lib'eral, a. free, bountiful, generous. 

Lib'era)ism,s. free-thinking in political and 
religious matters. 

Liberality, *. munificence, bounty. 

Liberalize, v to make liberal. 

Lib'erally, ad. bountifully, freely, largely. 

Lib'erate, v. to set free, to release. 

Liberation, s. the act of setting free. 

Lib'erator, s. one who sets free, a deliverer. 

Lib'ertine, s. a dissolute liver, a rake. 

Lib'ertine, a. licentious; irreligious. 

Lib'ertinism, s licentiousness, dissoluteness. 

Lib'erty, s. freedom, exemption, leave. 

Lib'idinist, s. one given to lewdness. 

Libid'inous, a. lewd, licentious. 

Libid'inously, ad. lewdly, lustfully. 

Libid'inousness, s. lewdness ; lustfulness. 

Li'bra, s. one of the signs of the zodiac. 

Libra'rian. s. one who has the care of books. 

Libra'rianship, s. the office of a librarian. 

Li'brary, s. an arranged collection of books ; 
the place or apartment where the collec- 
tion is kept. 

Li'brate, v. to poise, to balance. 

Libra 'tion, s. the state of being balanced. 

Li'bratory, a. balancing, acting or moving 
like a balance. 

Lice, s. the plural of Louse. 

Li'censable, a. that may be licensed. 

Li'cence, s. permission, leave, liberty. 

Li'cense, v. to grant leave; to permit by a 
legal grant, to authorize. 

Licenser, s. a granter of permission. 

Licen'tiate, s. one who has a licence to prac- 
tise any art or faculty. 

Licen'tiate, v. to permit by licence. 

Licentious, a. unrestrained; dissolute. 

Licen'tiously, ad. in a licentious manner. 

Licentiousness, s. excess of liberty ; laxity 
of manners, disregard of just restraint. 

Lich'en. s. certain kinds of nutritious moss ; 
Iceland moss, liverwort, &c. 

Lick, s. a blow, a stroke : v. to beat. 

Lick, v. to pass over with the tongue ; to lap j 
with the tongue. 

Lick'er, s. one who licks up ; one who beats. 

Lick'erish, Lick'erous, a. dainty ; lustful. 

Lick'erishness, s. niceness of palate. 

Lic'orice, s. a root of a sweet taste. 

Lic'tor, s. a beadle amongst the Romans. 

Lid. s a cover for a pan, box, &c. 

Lie, s. a fiction, a falsehood. 

Lie, v. to assert a falsehood ; to lean upon. 

Lief, Lieve, ad. willingly. 

Liege, a. bound by feudal tenure ; trusty. 

Liege, s. a superior lord ; a sovereign. 

Li'en, s. a bond, or agreement, by which a 
claim on property is established. 

Li'er, s. one who lies down. 

Lieu, s. place, room, stead, behalf. 

Lieuten'ancy, 5. the office of a lieutenant. 

Liouten'ant, s. a deputy, a second in rank. 

Lieuten'antship, s. the rank of a lieutenant. 

Life, s. vitality, animation ; conduct. 

Li'fe-blood, s. the blood necessary to life. 

Li'fe-estate, s. an estate for life. 

Li'fe-givhig, a. having the power to give life. 



Li'fe-guard, s. a guard of the king's person 

Li'feless, a. dead ; void of force or spirit. 

Li'felessly, ad. without vigour ; frigidly. 

Li'felessness, s. the state of being lifeless. 

Li'felike, a. like a living persou. 

Li'fe-rent, s. rent of an estate for life. 

Li'fe-time, s. the duration of life. 

Li'fe-weary, a. tired of life. 

Lift, v. to raise up, to elevate. 

Lift, j. the act of lifting up : an effort. 

Lift'er, s. one that lifts or raises. 

Lig'ament, s. a band to tie parts together. 

Ligamen'tal, Ligamentous, a. pertaining to 
a ligament; binding. 

Liga'tion, s. the act of binding. 

Li»'ature, s. the act of binding ; any thing 
bound on, a bandage. 

Light, s. that which makes bodies percepti- 
ble to the sight; knowledge or mental 
enlightenment; point of view ; a taper. 

Light, v. to give light ; to kindle ; to lighten 
or make light; to rest on. 

Light, a. not dark, clear, bright ; not heavy ; 
nimble, active; easy, slight, trifling, wanton. 

Light'-armed, a. armed with light weapons. 

Li'ght-bearer, s. a torch-bearer. 

Li'ghten, v. to make light ; to flash. 

Li'ghter, .?. a boat for unloading ships. 

Lighter, a. light in a greater degree. 

Li'ghterman, s. one who manages a lighter. 

Lightfin'gered, a. thievish, dishonest. 

Liglitfoot'ed, a. nimble, swift, active. 

Lighthead'ed, a. delirious; thoughtless. 

Lightheadedness, s. deliriousness. 

Lightheart'ed, a. gay, merry, cheerful. 

Li'ght-horse, s. light-armed cavalry. 

Light'house, *. a high building, at the top of 
which lights are hung toguide ships at sea. 

Li'ghtly, ad. without reason ; nimbly. 

Light-mi'nded, a. unsteady ; not considerate. 

Li'ghtness, s. want of weight ; levity. 

Li'ghtniug, s. the flash before thunder. 

Lights, *. pi. the lungs, organs of breathing. 

Li'ghtsome, a. luminous ; gay, airy. 

Li'ghtsomeness, s. the quality of being light. 

Lig'neous, a. made of wood, like wood. 

Lignum-vitte, [Lat.] s. a very hard wood. 

Like, a. resembling, equal, likely. 

Like, s. a person or thing resembling ano- 
ther; an equal. 

Like, ad. in the same manner, probably. 

Like, v. to approve, to be pleased with. 

Li'kelihood, s. appearance ; probability. 

Li'keliness, s. appearance of truth. 

Li'kely, ad. probably: a. probable. 

Like-mi'nded, a. being of a similar mind. 

Li'ken, v. to make like, to compare. 

Li'keness, 5. aresemblance, similitude, form. 

Li'kewise, ad. in like manner, also. 

Li'king, s. inclination ; desire. 

Li'lac, s. a well-known flowering shrub. 

Lilia'ceous, a. pertaining to or like a lily. 

Lil'lied, a. embellished with lilies. 

Lil'y, s. a beautiful bell-shaped flower, oi 
which there are many varieties. 

Lil'ylivered, a. whitelivered, cowardly. 

Lima'tion, j. the act of filing or polishing. 

Limb, s. a member of the body ; a jointed or 
articulated part of animals ; a border. 

Limb, v. to tear asunder, to dismember. 

Lim'bec, s. a still ; a vessel to distil. 



LIM 



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Lim'b'ed, a. formed with regard to limbs. 

Lim'ber, a. flexible, easily bent, pliant. 

Lirn'berne.ss, s. flexibility ; pliancy. 

Limb'less, a. deprived of limbs. 

Limb'mcal, ad. piecemeal ; in pieces. 

Lim'bo, s. a margin or border ; a region 
bordering on hell ; bell ; a prison. 

Lime, s. a viscous substance ; a cement : v. to 
smear with lime ; to entangle ; to ensnare. 

Lime, s. the linden tree ; a species of lemon. 

Li'meburner, s. one who burns stones to lime. 

Li'mekiln, s. a kiln for burning limestone. 

Li'mestone, s. the stone of which lime or 
mortar is made. 

Li'mewater, i. water impregnated with lime. 

Lim'it, s. a bound, a border, utmost extent. 

Lim'it, v . to restrain, to circumscribe. 

Lim'itabre, a. that may be limited. 

Lim'itary, a. placed at the boundaries. 

Limita'tion, s. restriction ; a boundary. 

Lim'itedly, ad. in a limited manner. 

Lim'itedness, s. the state of being limited. 

Lim'itless, a. having no limits, unbounded. 

Limn, v. to draw, to paint any thing. 

Lim'ner, s. a painter, a picture-maker. 

Lim'ning, s. painting in water-colors. 

I.i'mous, a. muddy, slimy, miry. 

Limp, v. to halt, to walk lamely : s. a halt. 

Limp'er, s. one who limps in his walking. 

Lim'pet, s . a kind of shell-fish. 

Lim'pid, a. clear, pure, transparent. 

Lini'pidness, s. clearness, purity. 

Limp'ingly, ad. in a lame halting manner. 

Limp'itude, s. clearness ; brightness. 

Li'my, a. containing lime. 

Linch'pin, s. the iron pin of an axletrce. 

Llnc'ture, 5. a medicine to be licked up. 

Lin'den, s. the lime-tree. 

Line, v. to cover in the inside as with linen; 
to cover or defend as by military lines. 

Line, s. any thing extended in length ; a 
string ; a row, a rank ; a trench ; a verse ; 
a race ; a succession ; a course or occupa- 
tion ; the tenth part of an inch. 

Lin'eage, j. a family, race, progeny. 

Lin'eal, a. descending in a right hne. 

Lin'eally, ad. in a direct line. 

Lin'eament, s. a feature, form, outline. 

Lin'ear, a. composed of lines, like lines. 

Lin'en, s. cloth made of hemp or flax. 

Lin'en, a. made of or like linen. 

Lin'en- draper, s. one who deals in linen. 

Ling, s. a kind of sea-fish ; heath. 

Lin'ger, v. to remain long, to loiter. 

Lin'gerer, s. one who lingers. 

Lin'gering, .?. tardiness, slowness, delay. 

Lin'geringly, ad. with delay, tediously. 

Lin'get, s. a small mass of metal. 

Lin'go, s. a language, tongue, dialect. 

Lin'gual, a. pertaining to the tongue. 

Lin'guist, s. one skilful in languages. 

Lin'iment, s. an ointment, a balsam. 

Li'ning, s. the inner covering of a thing. 

Link, s. a ring of a chain ; a tor"h. 

Link, v. to unite, to join, to connect. 

Link'boy, Link'nian, s. one who accommo- 
dates passengers with light. 

Lin'net, s. a small singing-bird. 

Lni'scil, Lint'seed, s. the seed of flax. 

Lin'sey-woolsey, s. stuff male of linen and 
wuoi mixed : a. made of Lncn and wool. 



Lin'stock, s. a staff with a match at the end. 

Lint, s. flax ; linen scraped soft. 

Lin'tel, s. the upper part of a door-frame. 

Li'on, s. a wild beast; a sign of the zodiac. 

Li'oness, s. a she-lion. 

Li'onlike, a. courageous; fierce as a lion. 

Li'on-mettled, a. havingthe courage of a lien. 

Lip, * the outer part of the mouth. 

Lip'labour, s. words without sentiments. 

Lip'ped, a. having lips; labiate. 

Lipoth'ymy, s a swoon, a faintiug fit. 

Lip'pitude, s. blearedness of eyes. 

Lip'wisdom, s. wisdom in words only. 

Liq'uable, a. such as may be melted. 

Liqua'tion, s. the act of melting. 

Liquefac'tion, s. the state of being melted. 

Liquefi'able, a. that may be melted. 

Liq'uefy, v. to melt, to dissolve. 

Liqueur', [Fr.] s. a rich spirituous cordial. 

Liques'cency, s. aptness to melt. 

Liques'cent, a. melting, dissolving. 

Liq'uid, a. not soiid, fluid, flowing, soft. 

Liq'uid, s. a fluid substance, a liquor. 

Liq'uidate,!/. to dissolve or clear away ; to pay. 

Liquida'tion, s. the act of liquidating. 

Liquidity, s. the state of being liquid. 

Li'quidness, s. the quality of being liquid. 

Liq'uor, s. any thing liquid ; drink. 

Liq'uorice. See Licorice. 

Lisp, s. a-defect in articulation from striking 
the tongue against the inside of the teeth. 

Lisp, v. to utter with a lisp ; to articulate 
like a child. 

Lisp'er, s. one who lisps. 

Lisp'ing, s. an imperfeet pronunciation. 

Lisp'ingly, ad. with a lisp ; imperfectly. 

List, s. a border, a bound, a limit ; the outei 
edge of cloth ; a roll or catalogue ; the en- 
closed ground in which tiits were run and 
com bats fought. 

List, v. to enrol or enter on a list ; to enlist 
or enrol soldiers ; to enclose ground for 
combats ; to sew stripes together so as to 
make a party-colored show. 

List, v. to choose, to desire, to be disposed : 
s. choice, desire. 

List, v. to listen or hearken to. 

List'ed, a. striped, party-colored. 

Lis'ten, v. to hearken, hear, attend to. 

Lis'tener, s. one who hearkens. 

List'less, a. careless, without choice, heed- 
less, indifferent 

List'lessly, ad. without thought, heedlessly. 

List'lessness, s. want of desire ; inattention. 

Lit'any, s. a form of supplicatory prayer. 

Lit'eral, a. not figurative ; exact. 

Lit'eralism, s. accordance with the letter. 

Lit'eral ist, s. one who adheres to the letter. 

Literal'ity, s. original or literal meaning. 

Lit'eral ly, ad. according to the letter. 

Lit'eralness, s. literal or exact import. 

Lit'erary, a. pertaining to letters or learning. 

Lit'erate, a. learned, skilled in literature. 

Litera'ti, s.pl. men of letters ; the learned. 

Lit'erature, s learning, skill in letters. 

Lith'arge, s. a vitreous oxide of lead ; the 
scum of lead (literally, stone- silver.) 

Lithe, Li'thesome, a. limber, flexible. 

Li'theness, s. pliancy ; flexibility. 

Lith'ic, a. like to or made of stone. 

Lith'ocarp, s. fossil fruit, fruit petrified. 



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162 



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Lith'ograph, s. a print from a drawing or 
etching on stone. 

Lith'ograph, v. to draw or etch on stone. 

Lithograph'ic, a. pertaining to lithography. 

Lithog'raphy, s. an engraving on stone. 

Lithol'ogy, s. a treatise on stones. 

Lith'omaney, s. divination by stones. 

Lith'omarge, s. a species of potter's clay. 

Lith'ophyte, s. a stone-coral ; a kind of po- 
lypus, (literally, the stone-plant. ) 

Lithotom'ic, a. performed by lithotomy. 

Lithot'omist, s. one who cuts for the stone. 

Lithot'omy, s. the art of cutting for the stone. 

Li'thy, a. easily bent; pliable. 

Lit'igant, s. one engaged in a lawsuit. 

Lit'igate, v. to contest in law. 

Litiga'tion, s. a judicial contest, lawsuit. 

Litf'gious, a. given to litigation ; of a quar- 
relsome or wrangling disposition. 

Liti"giously, ad. in a litigious manner. 

Liti"giousness, s. the being litigious. 

Lit'ter, v. to bring forth ; to cover with 
straw ; to supply cattle with bedding. 

Lit'ter, s. a kind of portable bed ; a bed for 
animals,or the straw scattered under them ; 
the young produced at a birth by a sow, 
cat, or bitch; things scattered carelessly 
about. 

Lit'tle, a. small, diminutive : ad. in a small 
degree, not much. 

Lit'tleness, s. smallness of bulk ; meanness. 

Lit'toral, a. belonging to the sea-shore. 

Litur'gical, a. relating to the liturgy. 

Lu'urgy, s. a formulary of public devotions. 

Live, v. to be in life, to exist ; to feed. 

Live, a. alive, quick, active. 

Li'velihood, s. the means of living, support. 

Li'vcliness, s. sprightliness, vivacity. 

Liv'elong, a. tedious, lasting, durable. 

Li'vely, a. brisk, gay, strong, vigorous. 

Liv'er, .?. one who lives ; the intestine of a 
dark red color which secretes the bile. 

Liv'er-coior, s. a very dark red. 

Liv'ergrowrj, a. having an enlarged liver. 

Liv'ery, s. clothes with different trimmings 
worn by servants. 

Liv'ery-man, s. one who wears a livery ; a 
freeman in a corporation. 

Liv'ery-stable, s. a public stable. 

Liv'id, a. discolored as with a blow. 

Livid'ity, s. discoloration as by a blow. 

Liv'idness, s. the state of being livid. 

Liv'ing, s. maintenance, support ; a benefice. 

Liv'ing, p. and a. vigorous ; active. 

Li'vre, s. a French coin, value 10ri!. sterling. 

Lixiv'ial, a. impregnated with salts. 

Lixiv'iate, a. making a lixivium or lye. 

Lixiv'ium, s. lye made of ashes, water, &c. 

Liz'ard, s. a small harmless reptile of the 
crocodile genus. 

Lo, int. look ! see ! behold ! 

Loach, j.' a small fish. 

Load, s. the leading vein in a mine. 

Load , s. a burden, a freight, an encumbrance ; 
the charge of a gun. 

Load, v. to burden, to encumber, to charge 
with powder and shot. 

Load'ing, s. that which makes up a load. 

Loads'nian, *. one that leads the way. 

Load'star, s. the leading star, the pole star. 

Load'stone, *. the magnet. 



Loaf, s. a mass of bread as baked. 

Loaf-sugar, s. sugar refined and made into a 
mass or lump. 

Loam, s. a fat unctuous earth, marl. 

Loam'y, a. of the nature of loam, marly 

Loan, s. any thing lent, interest. 

Loath, a. unwilling, reluctant. 

Loathe, v. to hate, to nauseate. 

Loath'ful, a. hating, abhorred, odious. 

Loath'ing, s. hatred, abhorrence, disgust. 

Loath'ingly, ad. with disgust, 

Loath'ly, a. hateful, disgusting: ad. unwil- 
lingly ; without liking. 

Loath'ness, s. unwillingness. 

Loath'some, a. disgusting, abhorred. 

Loath'somely, ad. so as to excite disgust. 

Loath'someness, s. the being loathsome. 

Lob, a-, a clumsy person ; a big worm. 

Lob, v. to let fall in a lazy manner. 

Lo'bate, Lo'bed, a. consisting of lobes. 

Lob'by, s. a small hall or passage. 

Lobe, a', a part of the lungs ; a division. 

Lob'ster, s. a crustaceous shell-fish. 

Lo'cal, a. relating to or being of a place. 

Local'ity, s. position, situation. 

Lo'caily, ad. with respect to place. 

Lo'cate, v. to place ; to settle in a place. 

Loca'tion, s. the act of placing; a situation. 

Loch, s. a lake ; a collection of waters. 

Lock, s. an instrument to fasten doors ; an 
enclosure to confine Avater ; part of a gun ; 
a tuft of hair. 

Look, v. to fasten with a lock ; to close. 

Lock'er, s. a drawer, a cupboard. 

Lock'et, *. a small ornamental lock. 

Lock'smith, s. a man who makes locks. 

Locomo'tion, *. the act of changing place. 

Locomo'tive, a. able to change place. 

Locomotiv'ity, s. power of changing place. 

Lo'cust, s. a devouring insect. 

Lo'cust-tree, s. an American tree; the acacia. 

Locu'tion, s. discourse ; manner of speech. 

Lode'star. See Loadstar. 

Lodge, v. to lay or place, to fix or settle ; to 
lay flat, as corn ; to reside or dwell in for 
a time. 

Lodge, s. a small house ; a cottage. 

Lod'gement. s. the act of lodging ; the state 
of being lodged ; a position. 

Lod'ger, s. one who hires a, lodging. 

Lod'ging, s. a temporary abode ; rooms hired ■ 

Loft, s. a floor ; the highest floor. 

Lo'ftily, ad. on high, haughtily. 

Lo'ftiness, s. height, pride, sublimity. 

Lo'fty, a. high, sublime ; haughty, proud. 

Log, s. a bulky piece of wood ; a piece 01 
wood which, with its line, serves to measure 
a ship's course. 

Logarith'mic, Logarith'mical, Logarithrnet'- 
ical, a. relating to logarithms. 

Logarithms, s. a series of numbers in arith- 
metical progression, corresponding to ano- 
ther series in geometrical progression. 

Log'book, s. journal of a ship's course. 

Log'gats, s. an old game ; skittle-pins. 

Log'gerhead, s. a dolt, a thickskull. 

Loggerhead ed, a. dull, stupid, doltish. 

Log'-housc, Log'-hut, *. a house or hut, the 
walls of which consist of logs of wood. 

Lo"gic, s. the art or science of reasoning. 

Lo"gical, a. of or pertaining to logic. 



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Lo"gically, ad. by the rules of logic. 
Logi"cian, s. one versed in logic. 
Logis'tic, a. pertaining to logic. 
Log'line, s. a line to measure a ship's way. 
Logograph'ic, a. formed of one word. 
Logog'raphy, s. a method of printing with 

words cast in one piece instead of single 

types or letters. 
Logom'achy, s. a contention about words. 
Logomet'ric-.ycafe, s. a scale intended to 

measure or ascertain chymical equivalents. 
Log'wood, s. a wood used in dyeing. 
Loin, s. the reins, the hack of an animal. 
Loi'ter, v. to linger, to be dilatory. 
Loi'terer, s. one who loiters. 
Loll, v. to lean idly or rest lazily against 

something ; to hang out the tongue. 
Lol'lard, s. a reproachful appellation of the 

followers of Wickliffe. 
Lon'doner, s. an inhabitant of London. 
Lone, a. solitary, single, lonely. 
Lo'neliness, Lo'neness, s. solitude. 
Lo'nely, Lo'nesome, a. solitary, secluded. 
Lo'nesomeness, s. state of being lonesome. 
Long, a. drawn out in a line, extended, not 

short, tedious : ad. to a great length. 
Long, v. to wish or desire earnestly. 
Long'boat, s. the largest boat of a ship. 
Longe, s. a thrust or push in fencing. 
Longe'val, Longe'vous, a. long-lived. 
Longevity, s. great length of life. 
Long'-headed, a. prudent, calculating. 
Longim'anous, a. having long hands. 
Longim'etry, s. art of measuring distances. 
Long'ing, s. an earnest wish or desire. 
Long'ingly, ad. with incessant wishes. 
Long'ish, a. of moderate length. 
Lon'gitude, s. length ; the distance east or 

west, from the meridian of London. 
Longitu'dinal, a. pertaining to length. 
Longitu'dinally, ad. lengthwise. 
Long'-lived, a. having great length of life. 
Long-prim'er, s. the name of a printing-type. 
Long'shanked, a. having long legs. 
Long-si'ghted, a. seeing at a great distance. 
Long-si'ghtedness, s. the faculty of seeing 

objects afar off. 
Long'some, a. tedious, tiresome, long. 
Long'spun, a. tedious, wearisome. 
Long-sufferance, s. patience, clemency. 
Long-suffering, a. enduring patiently. 
Long'ways, Long' wise, ad. in length. 
Longwind'ed, a. long-breathed ; tedious. 
Loo, s. the name of a game at cards. 
Loo'bily, ad. awkwardly, clumsily. 
Loo'by, s. a lubber, a clumsy clown. 
Loof. See Luff. 

Look, v. to see, to behold ; to expect. 
Look, s. the air of the face, mien. 
Look, int. see ! behold ! observe ! 
Look'er, S. one that looks ; a spectator. 
Look'ing-glass, s. a reflecting mirror. 
Loom. v. to appear large and indistinct at a 

distance, as a ship at sea. 
Loom, s. a weaver's machine. 
Loon, Lown, s. a sorry or mean fellow. 
Loop, s. a noose in a rope. 
Loop'cd, a. full of loops or holes. 
Loop'holc, s. an aperture ; an evasion. 
Loose, v. to unbind, to relax, to set free. 
Loose, a. unbound, untied ; lax ; wanton. 



Loo'sely, ad. not fast; laxly ; unchastely. 

Loo'son, v. to untie ; to relax. 

Loo'seness, s. the state of being loose. 

Lop, v. to cut or chop short. 

Lop'pings, s.pl. tops of branches lopped off. 

Loqua'cious, a. full of talk, garrulous. 

Loqna'eiousness, s. talkativeness, loquacity. 

Loqna"city, s. too much talk, prate. 

Lord, s. a master, a ruler, a monarch, a no- 
bleman, a title of honor ; one of the titles 
of the Supreme Being. 

Lord, v. to domineer ; to rule despotically. 

Lord'] ike, a. befitting a lord ; haughty. 

Lord'iiness, s. dignity, high station, pride. 

Lord'ling, s. a lord, in contempt. 

Lord'ly, a. lordlike ; imperious, haughty. 

Lord'ly, ad. imperiously, despotically. 

Lord'ship, s. dominion ; a title given to lords. 

Lore, s. doctrine, instruction, learning. 

Lor'icate, v. to plate over. 

Lorica'tion, s. a surface like mail. 

Lor'imer, Lor'iner, s. a maker of bits, spurs, 
and metal mountings for bridles and sad- 
dles ; a saddler. 

Lorn, a. forsaken, lost, forlorn. 

Lose, v. to suffer loss, not to win ; to fail. 

Los'el, s. a worthless fellow, a scoundrel. 

Lo'ser, s. one who has suffered a loss. 

Loss, s. damage ; forfeiture ; bewilderment. 

Lost, p. and a. mislaid; perished, gone. 

Lot, s. fortune, state assigned ; portion. 

Lote, Lo'tos, s. a plant ; the lotos-tree. 

Loth. See Loath. 

Lo'tion, s. a medicinal wash. 

Lot'tery, s. a distribution of prizes by chance ; 
a game of chance ; a sortilege. 

Loud, a. noisy, clamorous, turbulent. 

Loud'ly, ad. noisily, clamorously. 

Loud'ness, s. noise, clamor, turbulence. 

Lough, s. a lake ; a harbour. 

Louis-d'or, s. a French gold coin, about ]l. 

Lounge, v. to idle or live lazily. 

Loun'ger, s. an idler, an indolent man. 

Lour, v. to be clouded ; to frown. 

Lour, s. cloudiness of look; gloominess. 

Lour'ingly, ad. gloomily; cloudily. 

Louse, s. a small insect, of which different 
species live on the bodies of men, and per- 
haps of all living animals. 

Louse, v. to clean from lice. 

Lou'sewort, s. the name of a plant. 

Lou'sily, ad. in a paltry, mean, scurvy way. 

Lou'siness, s. the state of being lousy. 

Lou'sy, a. swarming with lice ; mean. 

Lout, s. an awkward fellow, a clown. 

Lout'ish, a. clownish, awkward, clumsy. 

Lou'ver, s. a hole in the roof for the smoke. 

Lov'able, a. amiable ; worthy to be loved. 

LoVage, s. a kind of plant. 

Love, v. to regard with affection. 

Love, s. the passion between the sexes ; lik- 
ing, fondness, affection, concord. 

Lov'e-applc, s. a plant, or its fruit. 

Lov'eknot, s. a knot used as a token of tho 
indissolubility of mutual love. 

Lov'eless, a. void of love or tenderness. 

LoVe-letter, s. a letter of courtship. 

Lov'elock, s. a lock of hair so called. 

Lov'eiily, ad. amiably, in a lovely manner. 

Lov'eliness, s. amiableness. 

Lov'elorn, a. forsaken by one's love 



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Xov'ely, a. amiable, exciting love. 
Lov'er, s. one who is in love ; an admirer. 
Lov'e-shaft, s. an arrow of Cupid. 
Lov'e-sick, a. languishing with love. 
■LoVe-song, s. a song expressing love. 
Lov'e-suit, s. courtship. 
Lov'etale, s. a narrative of love. 
Lov'etoken, s. a present in token of love. 
Lov etoy, s. a small present made by a lover. 
Lov'etrick, s. the art of expressing love. 
Lov'ing, p. and a. liking : kind, affectionate. 
Loving-ki'ndness, s. tenderness, mercy. 
Lov'ingly, ad. affectionately, with kindness. 
Lov'ingness, s. tenderness, affection. 
Low, a. not high ; humble, dejected, mean. 
Low, ad. with a low voice, abjectly. 
Low, v. to bellow as a cow. 
Lo'wer, v. to bring low, to humble ; to sink. 
Lo'wermost, a. lowest, deepest. 
Lo'wing, s. the bellowing or cry of cattle. 
Lo'wland, s. a low country, a marsh. 
Lo'wlihood, s. humble or low state. 
Xo'wliness, s. humility; want of dignity. 
Lo'wly, a. humble, meek, not lofty. 
Lo'wness, s. the state of being low. 
Lovvspir'ited, a. dejected, not lively. 
Lowspir'itedness, s. dejection of mind. 
Loy'al, v. true to a prince, faithful to a lover. 
Loy'alist, s. one faithful to his king. 
Loy'al ly, ad. with fidelity or adherence. 
Loy'alty, s. fidelity, adherence. 
Loz'enge, s. a rhomboid or oblique-angled 

parallelogram; a four-cornered figure ; a 

small confection. 
Lcz'enged, a. having the shape of a 
Lub'ber, Lub'bard, s. a lazy idle fellow. 
Lub'berly, a. lazy and bulky. 
Lub'berly, ad. awkwardly, clumsily. 
Lu'bric, Lu'bricous, a. slippery, smooth. 
Lu'bricate, v. to make smooth or slippery. 
Lubri"city, s. slipperiness ; wantonness. 
Lubrifao'tion, Lubrifica'tion, s. the act of 

smoothing or making slippery. 
Luce, s. a pike full grown. 
Lu'cent, a. shining, bright, splendid. 
Lu'cern, s. a herb cultivated for fodder. 
Lucer'nal, a. pertaining to a lamp. 
Lu'cid, a. shining, bright, pellucid, clear. 
Lucid'ity, s. splendor, brightness. 
Lu'cidness, s. transparency, clearness. 
Lu'cifer, s. the devil ; the morning star. 
Lucife'rian, a. diabolical, devilish. 
Lucif'erous, Lucif ic, a. giving light. 
Lucif'erously, ad. so as to give light. 
Lu'oiform. a. having the nature of light. 
Luck, s. chance ; fortune, good or bad. 
Luck'ily, ad. fortunately, by good hap. 
Luck'iness, s. good hap, casual happiness. 
Luck'less, a. unfortunate, unhappy. 
Luck'y, a. fortunate, happy by chance. 
Lu'erative, a. profitable, gainful. 
Lu'cre, s. gain, profit, pecuniary advantage. 
Lucta'tion, s. a struggle, effort, contest. 
Luctif'erous, Luctif'ic, a. causing sorrow. 
Lu'cubrate, v. to study by night. 
Lucubra'tion, s. study by candle-light or ! 

at night ; night thoughts. 
Lu'cubratory, a. composed by candle-light. 
Lu'culent, a. clear, lucid, certain, evident. 
Ludib'rious, a. sportive, wanton. 
Lu'dicrous, a. sportive, merry, burlesque. 



Lu'dic.ously, ad. in burlesque, sportively. 

Lu'dicrousness, s. burlesque ; sportiveness i 
ridiculousness. 

Ludifica'tion, s. the act of mocking. 

Ludif'icatory, a. mocking ; making sport. 

Lufiyw. to keep close to the wind. 

Lug, v. to pull with violence ; to dra.g. 

Lug, s. a small fish ; the ear. 

Lug'gage, s. any cumbrous heavy thing. 

Lug'ger, s. a vessel with lugsails. 

Lug'-sail, s. a kind of square sail. 

Lugu'brious, a. mournful, sorrowful. 

Lu'kewarm, a. moderately warm ; not hot ; 
indifferent; deficient in zeal. 

Lu'kewarmly, ad. with indifference. 

Lu'kewarmness, s. state or quality of being 
lukewarm ; indifference. 

Lull, v. to compose to sleep, to put to rest. 

Lul'laby, s. a song to quiet infants. 

Lumba"ginous, a. proceeding from lumbago. 

Lumba'go. s. pains about the loins and small 
of the back. 

Lum'bar, a. pertaining to the loins. 

Lum'ber, s. any thing useless or cumber- 
some : v. to fill with lumber, to heap in 
disorder; to move heavily. 

Lum'brical, a. resembling a worm : s. a 
muscle of the fingers and toes. 

Lu'minary, s. any body that gives light. 

Lu'minous, a. shining, bright; enlightened. 

Lu'minously, ad. in a luminous manner. 

Lu'minousness, s. the quality of being lu- 
minous; clearness. 

Lump, s. a shapeless mass ; the gross. 

Lump, v. to take in the gross, without atten- 
tion to particulars. 

Lump'fish, s. a thick and ill-shaped fish, 
called also the sucker and the sea-owl. 

Lump'ing, Lump'ish, a. large, gross. 

Lump'ishly, ad. with stupidity, heavily. 

Lump'ishness, s. stupid heaviness. 

Lump'y, a. full of lumps ; dull, heavy. 

Lu'nacy, s. madness in general. 

Lu'nar, Lu'nary, a. relating to the moon. 

Luna'rian, s. an inhabitant of the moon. 

Lu'nated, a. formed like a half moon. 

Lu'natic, a. mad : s. a madman. 

Luna'tion, s. a revolution of the moon. 

Lunch, Lun'cheon, .?. a slight repast. 

Lune, s. a crescent; a fit of lunacy. 

Lu'net, Lunett'e, s. in fortification, an out- 
work or counterguard ; a small half-moon. 

Lunge. See Longe. 

Lungs, s. the organs of respiration, vulgarly 
called the lights. 

Lu'niform, a. resembling the moon. 

Luut, s. a match-cord to fire guns with. 

Lu'nular, a. shaped like a crescent. 

Lu'nulate, a. resembling a small crescent. 

Lu'percai, a. pertaining to certain feasts in 
ancient Rome, called Lupercalia. 

Lu'pine, s. a sort of pulse, a plant. 

Lurch, v. to evade by stooping; to shift sud- 
denly ; to disappoint ; to roll to one side ; 
to lurk ; to filch or pilfer : s. a sudden roll, 
as of a ship ; a forlorn or deserted state. 

Lureh'er, s. one that lurches ; a dog that 
watches for his game. 

Lure, s. an enticement : v . to entice. 

Lu'rid, a. pale, gloomy, dismal. 

Lurk, v. to lie in wait, to lie close. 



LUR 



185 



MAG' 



Lurk'er, s. a thief that lies in wait; 

Lurk'hig-place, s. a hiding or secret place; 

LusViuus, a. sweet, pleasing, cloying. 

Lusciously, ad. sweetly to a great degree. 

Lus'ciousness, s. sweetness ; richness. 

Lush, a juicy, succulent; rank. 

Lu'sfta'nian, a. pertaining to Lusitania or 
Portugal : s. a native of Lusitania. 

Luso'rious, Lu'sory, a. used in play, sportive. 

Lust, sr. carnal desire : v. to long for. 

Lust'ful, a. having irregular desires. 

Lustfully, ad. with sensual desire. 

Lust/fulness, s. libidinousness. 

Lust'ihead, Lust'ihood, 5. corporal vigour. 

Lus'tily, ad stoutly, with vigour. 

Lus'tiness, s. stoutness, vigour of body. 

Lus'tral, a. used in purification. 

Lus'trate, v. to cleanse, to purify. 

Lustra'tion, s: a purification. 

Lus'tre, s. brightness ; renown ; a sconce 
with lights ; the space of five years. 

Lus'tring, s. a kind of shining silk. 

Lus'trous, a. bright, shining, luminous. 

Lus'trum, s. the space of five years. 

Lus'ty, a. stout, healthy, able of body. 

Luta'rious, a. living in mud, like mud. 

Luta'tion, s. the act of luting. 

Lute, s. a musical instrument. 

Lute, s. a clay with which chymists close up 
their vessels: v. to close with lute or clay. 

Lu'testring, s. the string of a lute ; a kind of 
ribbon. See Lustring. 

Lu'theran, s. a follower of Luther. 

Lu'theran, a. relating to the doctrine or fol- 
lowers of Luther, the Reformer. 

Lu'theranism, s. the doctrine of Luther. 

Lu'tist, s. a player on the lute. 

Lu'tulence, s. muddiness, dirtiness. 

Lu'tule.nt, a. muddy, foul, turbid. 

Lux, Lux'ate, v. to put out of joint. 

Luxa'tion, s. the act of disjointing. 

Luxu'riance, Luxu'riancy, s. exuberance ; 
abundant plenty or growth. 

Luxu'riant, a. superfluously plenteous. 

Luxu'riantly, ad. abundantly ; exuberantly. 

Luxu'riate, v. to grow exuberantly. 

Luxu'rious, a. voluptuous ; softening by 
pleasure ; enervating ; exuberant. 

Luxuriously, ad. voluptuously, deliciously. 

Luxu'riousness, s. voluptuousness. 

Lux'ury, *. delicious fare ; profuseness ; ad- 
dietedhess to pleasure. 

I ycan'thropy, s. a species of madness. 

Lyoe'uiv,, s. an academy ; the place where 
Aristotle taught his philosophy. 

Lyd'ian, s. in music, a soft, slow air. 

Lye, s. water impregnated with alkaline 
from wood ashes being steeped in it. 

Ly'ing, a. false ; s. the vice of falsehood. 

Lf'ingly, ad. falsely ; without truth. 

Lymph, s. a pure transparent animal fluid. 

Lymphat'ic, a. belonging to the lymph. 

Lymphat'ics, s. vessels which absorb the su- 
perfluous moisture or lymph in the system. 

Lym'pheduct, s. a vessel to convey lymph. 

Lynx, a', a .sharp-sighted spotted beast. 

Ly'rated, a. in botany, formed like a harp. 

L\re, s. a harp, a musical instrument. 

Lyric, Lyr'ical, a. pertaining to a harp, or 
to odes or poetry sung to a harp. 

Ly'rist, S. one who plays on the harp. 



M. 

Mab, s. the queen of the fairies. 

Mac, s. an Irish and Scotch word for son, a'3 
MacDonald, the son of Donald. 

Macad'amize, v. to make or repair roads, by 
covering them with small broken stones, 
whose angular parts unite by pressure and 
form a smooth, hard surface ; so called from 
Mae J dam, the projector. 

Macaro'ni, s. food, of mixed ingredients, 
formed into paste, and moulded into 
strings ; a medley or mixture ; a coxcomb ; 
a spruce beau or fopling. 

Macaron'ic, a. a kind of burlesque poetry, 
consisting of a jumble of words from dif- 
ferent languages. 

Macaroon', s. a sweet cake or biscuit. 

Macaw', s. a beautiful kind of parrot. 

Macaw'-tree, s. a species of the palm-tree. 

Mace, s. an ensign of authority ; a spice. 

Ma'eebearer, s. one who carries the mace. 

Ma"cerate, v. to make lean ; to mortify. 

Macera'tion, s. a making lean ; a steeping. 

Machiave'lian, s. a follower of the opinions 
of Machiavel : a. crafty ; subtle. 

Mach'iavelism, s. subtlety ; political craft. 

Mac'hinal, a. relating to machines. 

Mac'hinate, v. to plan, to contrive, to invent. 

Machina'tion, s. an a~rtifice, contrivance. 

Mach'inator, s. one who forms schemes. 

Machi'ne, s. an engine ; an artificial work. 

Machinery, s. enginery ; any complicated 
workmanship ; the agency by which any 
thing is carried on. 

Machinist, s. a constructor of engines. 

Maek'erel, *. a small sea fish. 

Macta'tion, s. the act of killing for sacrifice. 

Mac'ula, s. a spot or stain. 

Mac'ulate, a. spotted : v. to stain, to spot. 

Macula'tion, s. the act of spotting ; a stain. 

Mad, a. disordered in the mind ; furious, 
enraged : v. to make or be mad. 

Mad'den, v. to make mad ; to enrage. 

Mad'am, s. a term of address to a lady. 

Mad'brained, a. hotheaded, wild, disordered. 

Mad'cap, s. a wild hot-brained person. 

Made'ira, s. Madeira wine. 

Mad'der, s. a plant used in dyeing. 

Mad'efy, V . to moisten, to make wet. 

Mad'headed, a. hot-headed, rash. 

Mad'house, s. a house for lunatics. 

Mad'ly, ad. foolishly, furiously, rashly. 

Mad'man, s. an insane man, a lunatic. 

Mad'ness, s. the state of being mad. 

Mado'na, Madon'na,.?. apicture of the Virgin. 

Mad'repore, 5. a coral or zoophite formation. 

Mad'rigal, s. a pastoral air or song. 

Magazi'ne, s. a storehouse ; an arsenal or ar- 
moury ; a miscellaneous pamphlet. 

Mag'got, s. a small grub ; a whim, caprice. 

Mag'gotiness, s. the being maggoty. 

Mag'goty, a. full of maggots ; capricious. 

Ma'gi, s. astrologers and priests of the East. 

Ma'gian, a. relating to the Eastern magi. 

Ma gic, Ma"gical, a. performed by magic 

Ma"gic, s. enchantment ; sorcery. 

Ma"gically, ad. by the art of magic. 

Magi"cian, s. one skilled in magic. 

Magiste'rial, a. lofty, arrogant, proud. 

M?,giste'rially, ad. arrogantly, proudly. 



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Magiste'rialness. s. haughtiness. 
Ma"gistery, s. a fine powder or precipitate. 
Magistracy, s. the office of a magistrate. 
Ma"gistral, a. authoritative ; masterly. 
Magistrallty,.?. despotic authority in opinions. 
Ma"gistrally, ad. authoritatively. 
Ma"gistrate, s. a public civil officer invested j 

with authority ; a justice of the peace. 
Magistrat'ic, a. having magisterial authority. ] 
Mag'na Char'ta, s. the great charter of Eng- j 

lish liberties, extorted from King John, 

renewed with some alterations by Henry 

III., and confirmed by Edward I. 
Magnanimity, s. greatness of mind. 
Magnan'imous, a. great of mind, brave. 
Magnanimously, ad. with greatness of mind. 
Mag'nate, s. a grandee or nobleman. 
Magne'sia, 5. a primitive earth, absorbent, 

anti-acid, and mildly cathartic. 
Magne'sium, s. the metallic base of magnesia. 
Mag'net, s. a stone that attracts iron. 
Magnetic, Magnetlcal, a. relating to the 

magnet ; attractive. 
Magnetically, ad. by means of magnetism. 
Magnetlcalness, s. quality of being magnetic. 
Magnetics, s. the science of magnetism. 
Maglietism, s. the power of attraction. 
Mag'netize, v. to communicate magnetic 

properties to ; to become magnetic. 
Mag'nifiable, a. worthy to be extolled. 
Magniflc, Magniflcal, a. illustrious, grand. 
Magniflcally, ad. in a magnific manner. 
Magnifleate, v. to magnify by praises. 
Magnificence, s. grandeur, splendor. 
Magnificent, a. grand, splendid, pompous. 
Magnificently, ad. pompously: splendidly. 
Magniflco, s. a grandee of Venice. 
Magnifier, s. he who, or that which magnifies. 
Magnify, v. to make great, to extol. 
Magnil'oquence, s. a lofty or boasting manner 

of speaking ; pompous language. 
Magnil'oquent, Magnil'oquence, a. speaking 

in a high or pompous style. 
Magnitude, s. greatness, bulk; grandeur. 
Magnolia, s. an exotic plant, the tulip-tree. 
Mng'pie, 5. a bird ; a talkative person. 
Mahog'any, s. a valuable reddish wood. 
Mahom/etan, Mohamlnedan, a. pertaining to 

Mahomet or Mahometanism. 
Mahom'etan, Moham'medan, s. a follower of 

Mahomet, a Mussulman. 
Mahoin'etanism, Moliam'rnedanism, s. the 

religion of Mahometans. 
Mahom'etanize, v. to render conformable to 

the customs or manners of the Mahometans. 
Maid, Maid' en, s. a virgin, a young female ; a 

female servant. 
Maid'en, a. fresh, new, unpolluted. 
Maid'enhead, Maid'enhood, s. virginity. 
Maid'cnliness, s. gentleness; modesty. 
Maid'euly, a. like a maid ; gentle ; modest. 
Maid'servant, S a female servant. 
Mail, s. a coat of steel not-work ; armour ; 

a postman's bag. 
Mail, v. to cover, as with armour. 
Mail-co'ach, s. a coach for conveying the 

public mails, 
Maim, v. to hurt, to wound, to cripple. 
Maim, s. lameness, delect, injury. 
Maim'edncss, *. the state of being maimed. 
Main, a great, weighty, principal, chief. 



Main, j. the gross, the whole; the ocean. 
Main '-land, s. the continent. 
Mainly, ad. chiefly, to a great degree. 
Main'mast, *. the chief or middle mast. 
Main'prizo, s. a bail, pledge, surety. 
Main'sail, s. the sail of the mainmast. 
Main'sheet, s. the rope that extends the 

mainsail. 
Maintain', v. to uphold, to support, to assert. 
Maintain'able, a. defensible, justifiable. 
Maintainor, s. one who maintains. 
Main'tenance, s. sustenance, defence. 
Main'top, s. the top of the mainmast. 
Maize, s. Indian corn. 
Majes'tic, Majcs'tical, a. august, grand. 
Majes'tically, ad. with dignity or grandeur. 
Ma"jesty, s. dignity, grandeur; the title given 

to kings and queens. 
Main'yard, s. the yard of the mainmast. 
Ma'jor, a. greater ; senior, elder. 
Ma'jor, s. an officer in the army ; in logic, 

the first proposition of a syllogism. 
Major-do'mo, s. a house steward. 
Major-gen'eral, s. the next military officer in 

rank below a lieutenant-general. 
Majority, s. the greater number ; the rank 

or office of a major ; full age. 
Make, v. to form, to create, to cause, to per- 
form ; to force or constrain ; to gain. 
Make, s. form, structure, nature. 
Ma'kebate, s. one who breeds quarrels. 
Ma'ker, s. the Creator ; he who makes. 
Ma'kepeace, s. a peace-maker, a reconciler. 
Ma'kmg, s. the act of forming. 
Ma'koweight, s. any small thing thrown in. 
Mal'ady, *. a distemper, a sickness. 
Mal'aga, s. the wine of Malaga in Spain. 
Mai alia, ,?. a noxious exhalation ; bad air. 
Mal'apcrt. a. saucy, impertinent, bold. 
Mal'apertly, ad. saucily ; impudently. 
Mal'apertness, s. saueiness, impudence. 
Malap'ropos, [Fr.] ad. unsuitably. 
Ma'lar, a. pertaining to the jaw. 
Mal-administra'tion, s. ill behaviour in any 

public employ ; bad management. 
Malconforma'tion, s. disproportion of parts. 
Mal'contcnt, Male'content, a. discontented, 

dissatisfied : s. one who is dissatisfied ; a 

disaffected person. 
Maleontent'edness, s. discontentedness. 
Male, a. of the masculine gender. 
Malcdic'tion, s. a curse, an execration. 
Malefac'tion, s. a crime, an offence. 
Malel'ac'tor, s. an offender against law. 
Malefic, a. mischievous, hurtful. 
Maleficent, a. wicked, doing evil. 
Malev'olcnce, s. ill-will, malignity, spite. 
Malev'olent,a. ill-natured, malignant. 
Malev'olently, ad. malignly; malignantly. 
Malev'olous, a. malevolent ; malicious. 
Malfea'sance, s. wrong; an illegal deed. 
Mal'formation, *. a wrong or bad formation. 
Malice, s. ill-will ; deliberate mischief. 
Mali"cious, a. full of malice, malignant. 
Mali"ciously, ad. with intention of mischief. 
Mali"ciousncss, s. malice, malignity. 
Mali'gn, a. ill-disposed, unfavourable. 
Mali'gn, v. to regard with malice; to defame. 
Mahg'nancy, Malig'nity, s. malevolence. 
Malig'nant, a. malicious, mischievous. 
Malig'nantly, ad. with ill intention. 



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Mali'gner, s. a malicious censurei. 
Mali'gnly, ad. enviously; with ill-will. 
Malison, [old Fr.] a malediction. 
Mal'kin, s. a dirty wench ; a mop. 
Mall, .?. a public waik; a beater or hammer. 
Mall, v. to strike or beat with a mall. 
Mallard, s. a wild drake. 
Malleability, s. malleableness. 
Malleable, a. capable of being beaten out or 

spread by the hammer. 
Malleableness, s. the being malleable. 
Mal'leate, v. to beat with a hammer. 
Malloation, .?. the act of beating. 
Mal'let, s. a wooden hammer. 
Mai low, Mallows, s. an emollient plant. 
Malm'sey, *. a sort of grape ; a kind of wine. 
Malprac'tice, s. bad practice or conduct;. 
Malt, s. barley steeped in water and dried. 
Malt, v. to make malt ; to become malt. 
Malt'rloor, s. a floor for drying malt on. 
Mait'-horse, s. a horse used in grinding 

malt ; a dull fellow. 
Malt'house, s. a house for making malt in. 
Malt'-man, s. a man who makes malt. 
Mai -treat', v. to treat ill or amiss. 
Mal-treat'ment, s. ill-usage or abuse. 
Malt'ster, s. one who deals in malt. 
Malva'ceous, a. made .of mallows. 
Mal-versa'tion, s. misbehaviour in any office ; 

mean artifices or shifts. 
Mam, Main ma', s. a fond word for Mother. 
Mam'aluke, s. an Egyptian horse soldier. 
Mammalia, [Lat.] s.pl. animals that suckle 

their young. 
Mamma'lian, a. pertaining to mammalia. 
Mam'met, s. a puppet ; a figure dressed. 
Mammif'erous, a. having paps or breasts. 
Mam miliary, a. belonging to the breasts. 
jVlam'inillated, a. having small nipples. 
Mam'mock, s. a shapeless piece. 
Mam'mock, v. to tear o: pull in pieces. 
Mam'mon, s. riches, wealth ; worldliness. 
Mam'monist, $ a worldly-minded person. 
Mam'moth, s. an antediluvian or extinct 

animal of huge dimensions. 
Man. s. a human being ; a male ; not a boy. 
Man, v. to furnish with men 
Man'acle, v. to chain the bands; to shackle. 
Man'acles, s. chains for the hands. 
Man 'age, v. to conduct ; to wield ; to govern ; 

to carry on ; to husband. 
Man'ageable, a. governable, tractable. 
Man'ageablencss, s. the being manageable. 
Man'agement, 5. conduct ; government. 
Man'ager, s. a conductor ; a frugal person. 
Man'diot. s. a small white loaf. 
Manchineel', s. a West Indian tree. 
Man'cipate, v. to enslave ; to bind. 
Mancipation, s. involuntary servitude. 
Man'ciple, s. a purveyor, a steward. 
Manda'miis, s. a writ in the Queen's Bench. 
Mandarin', s, a Chinese magistrate or noble. 
Man elate, s. a command, a precept. 
Man'datory, a. preceptive ; directory. 
Man'dible, s. the jaw; a bird's bill. 
Mandibular, a. belonging to the jaw. 
Man'dil, s. a sort of mantle or cloak. 
Mandrag'ora, Man'drake, s. a narcotic plant. 
Man'drel, s. a pulley belonging to a lathe. 
Man'dril, s. a species of monkey. 
Man'ducable, a. that can be chewed. 



Man'ducate, v. to chew, to eat. 

Manduca'tlon. s. the act of chewing. 

Mane, *. the hair on the neck of a horse, &c. 

Man'eater, s. one who eats human flesh. 

Mane'ge, [Fr.] s. a place where horses are 
trained, or horsemanship taught. 

Ma'nes, [Lat.] s. the ghost or shade of one 
departed. 

Man'ful, a. bold, stout, daring, valiant. 

Man'fuhiess, s. stoutness ; boldness. 

Man 'fully, ad. boldly, stoutly, valiantly. 

Man 'gaby,*. the white or.nakcd-eyed monkey. 

Mangane'se, s. a grayish metal, the oxide of 
which is used by glass-makers, &c. 

Mangane'sian, a. pertaining to manganese. 

Mangano'sic, a. obtained from manganese. 

Mange, s. the itch or scab in cattle. 

Man'gel-wur'zel, s. a kind of beet-root. 

Ma'nger, s. a long wooden trough for animals 
to eat out of. 

Ma'nginess, s. iniection with the mange. 

Man'gle, s. a rolling-press for smoothing 
linen ; a sort of calender : v. to smoothe 
cloth with a mangle. 

Man'gle, v. to lacerate, to cut and hack. 

Man'gler, .?. a hacker ; one that mangles. 

Man'go, s. an Indian fruit and pickle. 

Man'gonel, s. an engine formerly used for 
throwing stones and battering walls. 

Man'grove, s. an Indian plant. 

Ma'ngy, a. infected with the mange. 

Man'hater, s. a morose, misanthropic being. 

Man'hood, s. courage, bravery, virility. 

Ma'nia, s. madness. 

Ma'niac, s. a mad person : a. raving mad. 

Mani'acal, a. affected with madness. 

Mantcon, s. a species of nightshade. 

Manifest, a. palpable, plain, evident, clear. 

Manifest, v. to make manifest. 

Manifestable, a. easy to be made manifest 

Manifestation, s. discovery; publication. 

Man'ifestness, s. perspicuity ; clear evidence. 

Manifestly, ad. plainly, evidently. 

Manifesto, s. a public protestation. 

Manifold, a. many in number ; divers. 

Manifoldly, ad. in a manifold manner. 

Manlfoldness, s. state of being manifold. 

Manillo, Manill'a, s. a sort of ring or braces- 
let worn in Africa. 

Ma'nioc, s. a West-Indian plant. 

Maniple, s. a handful; a band of soldiers. 

Manip'ular, a. relating to a maniple. 

Manipulation, s. work by the hand; a man- 
ner of extracting silver from mines. 

Man'killer, s. one who slays a man. 

Manki'nd, s. the human race. 

Manlike, Manly, a. becoming a man, brave. 

Manliness, s. bravery, stoutness, dignity. 

Manmid'wife, s. an accoucheur. 

Man'na, s. a gum or honey-l'ike juice. 

Man'ner, s. form ; custom ; sort, kind ; way, 
method ; mien : pi. behaviour ; civility. 

Man'ner, v. to instruct in morals. 

Man'nerism, s. uniformity of manner. 

Man'nerist, s. an artist who performs all his 
works in one unvaried manner. 

Man'ner] iness, s. civility; complaisance. 

Manlierly, a. civil, polite: ad. civilly. 

Man'ners, s. pi. polite behaviour ; conduct 

Mar/nikin, s. a little man, a dwarf. 

Man'nish, a. bold ; masculine ; impudent. 



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Manoeu'vre, s. skilful management; strata- 
gem : v. to manage skilfully. 

Man-of-war', s. a large ship of war. 

Man'or, s. a lord's jurisdiction or land. 

Man'or-house, s. the house of the lord or 
owner of the manor. 

Mano'rial, a. belonging to a manor. 

Manse, s. a parsonage-house. 

Man'sion, s. a dwelling-house, an abode. 

Man'sion. v. to dwell as in a mansion. 

Man'sionary, a. resident, residentiary. 

Man'sionry, s. place of residence. 

Manslaughter, s. slaying without malice. 

Man'slayer, s. one that has killed another. 

Man'ste'aler, s. one that steals and sells 
men for slaves. 

Man'stealing, s. the act of stealing and sell- 
ing a human being. 

Man'suete, a. mild, gentle; not ferocious. 

Man'suetude, s. mildness, gentleness. 

Man'tel, Man'tel-piece, Man'tel-shelf, s, 
raised work over a fire-place. 

Man'telet, s. a kind of short cloak ; in forti- 
fication, a pent-house for shelter. 

Manti'ger, & a large monkey or baboon. 

Mantilla, s. a loose light covering thrown 
over the dress of a Spanish lady.. 

Man'tle, s. a garment which covers the rest 
of the dress, a cloak. 

Man'tle, v. to cloak, to cover or spread over. 

Man'tling, s. in heraldry, the drapery that is 
drawn about a coat of arms. 

Man'tua, s. a lady's gown. 

Mari'tua-maker, s. one who makes gowns, a 
dress-maker. 

Man'ual, a. performed by the hand. 

Man'ual, s. a hand-book, a small book. 

Man'uary, a. performed by the hand. 

Manu'bial, a. taken as spoils in war. 

Manuduc'tion, s. a guidance by the hand. 

Manufactory, s. the place where a manu- 
facture is carried on. 

Manufac'tural, a. relating to manufactures. 

Manufacture, 5. any thing made by art. 

Manufacture, v. to make by art. 

Manufacturer, s. an artificer, a workman. 

Manumis'sion, s. the act of freeing slaves. 

Manumit', v. to release from slavery. 

Manu're, v. to cultivate by manual labour ; 
to fatten with dung or compost : s. dung 
or compost. 

Manu'rement, s. cultivation ; improvement. 

Manu'rer, s. he who manures land. 

Man'uscript, s. a written copy of a book : a. 
written with the hand, not printed. 

Man'y, a. numerous : s. the multitude. 

Man'y-colored, a. having many colors. 

Many-headed, a. having many heads. 

Map, *. a representation of the earth, or of a 
part of it, on a flat surface. 

Map, v. to delineate, to set down. 

Maple, s. a tree ; the sycamore. 

Maple-su'gar, s. sugar obtained by evapora- 
tion from the juice of the rock maple. 

Map'ping, Map'pery, s. the art of planning 
or delineating maps. 

Mar, v. to injure, to spoil, to damage. 

Maranath'a, s. a form of anathematizing. 

Maras'mous, a. consumptive ; wasting. 

Maras'mus, s. a consumption ; atrophy. 

Maraud', v. to lay waste ; to plunder. 



Marau'der, s. a plundering soldier. 

Marau'ding, s. a roving in quest of plunder.. 

Marave'di, s. a small Spanish copper coin. 

Marble, s. a stone of a fine polish. 

Mar'ble, a. made of or like marble. 

Mar'ble-hearted, a. cruel, hard-hearted. 

Mar'casite, s. a hard bright fossil. 

Marces'cent, a. fading, withering. 

March, s. the third month of the year ; a 
journey of soldiers ; a solemn procession. 

March, v. to walk in military form. 

Mar'ches, s. the limits of a country. 

March'ing, s. the moving in military form. 

Mar'chioness, s. the wife of a marquess. 

March 'pane, s. a kind of sweet bread. 

Mar'cid, a. lean, withered, faded, rotten. 

Mare, *. the female of a horse. 

Mar'eschal, [Fr.] s-. a commander of an army. 

Mar'garite, Sv a pearl ; a mineral. 

Mar'gin, s. an edge, a border : v. to furnish 
with or enter in a margin. 

Mar'ginal, a. placed in the margin. 

Marginally, ad. in the margin of the book. 

Mar'grave, s. a German title of sovereignty. 

Margra'viate, s. the territory of a margrave. 

Margrav'ine, s. the wife of a margrave. 

Mar'igold, s. a yellow flower, a pot-herb. 

Marine', a. belonging to the sea. 

Marine', s. a sea soldier; sea affairs. 

Mar'iner, s. a seaman, a sailor. 

Mar'ish, a. moorish, fenny, boggy. 

Mari'tal, a. pertaining to a husband. 

Maritime, a. performed on the sea, relating 
to the sea, bordering on the sea. 

Mar'joram, s. a sweet-smelling herb. 

Mark, s. a stamp, an impression, a proof; a 
silver coin worth 1 3*. Ad. 

Mark, v. to make a mark, to note. 

Marker, s. one that notes, or takes notice. 

Mar'ket, s. the place for and time of sale. 

Mar'ket, v. to deal at a market. 

Marketable, a. fit for sale at market. 

Alar'ket-cross, s. a cross formerly erected 
where the market was held. 

Mar'ket-day, s. the day on which things are 
bought and sold at the market. 

Mar'ket-house, s. a building for a market. 

Mar'ket-place, s. the place for the market. 

Mar'ket-price, s. the price at which any 
thing is currently sold. 

Mar'ket-town, s. a town that has the privi- 
lege of a stated public market. 

Mar'ket-woman, s. a woman that attends a 
market for the purpose of selling any thing. 

Marks'man, s. one who can hit a mark. 

Marl, s. a sort of fertilizing clay: v. to 
manure with marl. 

Marline, s. a small line, generally tarred, 
for winding round ropes and cables, to pre- 
vent their being injured. 

Marlinespike, *. a small iron spike. 

Marllte, s. a variety of marl. 

Marl'pit, s. a pit out of which marl is dug. 

Marl'y, a. abounding with marl. 

Mar'malade, a. quinces boiled with sugar. 

Marmo'rean, a. made of marble. 

Mar'mose, s. a small kind of opossum. 

Mar'moset. s. a small kind of monkey. 

Mar'mot, *. an animal of the rat kind. 

Maroon', *. a free black living on the moun- 
tains in the West Indies. 



MAR 



169 



MAT 



Maroon'ing, s. the barbarous punishment of 
leaving on an uninhabited island. 

Marque, s. a letter or licence for reprisals. 

Marquee', [Fr.] s. an officer's field tent. 

Mar'quetry, s. inlaid or variegated work. 

Marquess, Mar'quis, v. a peer in rank be- 
tween an earl and a duke. 

Mar'quisate, s. the dignity of a marquess. 

Mar'rer, s. one that mars or hinders. 

Mar'riage, .?. the act or state of being mar- 
ried ; wedlock. 

Marriageable, a. of age to bo married. 

Marriageableness, s. fitness for marriage. 

Mar'ried, p. and a. wedded ; not single, con- 
jugal, connubial. 

Marrow, s. an oily substance in bones ; the 
essence or best part of any thing. 

Mar'rowbone, s. a bone boiled or cooked for 
the marrow. 

Mar'rowfat, s. a fine large species of pea. 

Mar'rowless, a. void of marrow ; dry. 

Marrowy, a. pithy ; full of strength or sap. 

Marry I int. indeed, forsooth. 

Mar'ry, v. to unite in wedlock ; to give in mar- 
riage ; to take for a husband or a wife. 

Mars, s. the heathen god of war ; a planet. 

Marsh, s. a bog, a fen, a swamp. 

Mar'shal, s. the chief officer of arms ; an 
officer who regulates rank and order; a 
harbinger ; a commander-in-chief. 

Mar'shal, v. to arrange, to rank in order. 

Mar'shaller, s. one that arranges. 

Mar'shalsea, s. a prison for debtors. 

Mar'shalship, s. the office of a marshal. 

Marshmal'low, s. the name of a plant. 

Marsh'y, a. boggy, wet, swampy, fenny. 

Mart, s. a place of public sale; a market. 

Mart, v. to traffic, to buy or sell. 

Mar'tagon, s. a kind of lily. 

Martcl'lo-fowrr, s. an alarm tower. 

Mar'ten, s. a large kind of weasel whose fur 
is much valued. See Martin. 

Mar'tial, a. warlike, valiant, brave. 

Mar'tialism, s. bravery ; warlike exercises. 

Mar'tialist, s. a warrior, a fighter. 

Mar'tin, Mar'ten, s. a kind of swallow. 

Mar'tingal, s. a strap passing between the 
forelegs of a horse to the girth, to prevent 
his rearing ; a sea term applied to a rope. 

Mar'tinmas, s. the feast of St. Martin. 

Mar'tinet, s. a strict disciplinarian. 

Mart'let, s. a small martin or swallow; used 
in heraldry to distinguish younger brothers. 

Mar'tyr, s. one who by his death bears wit- 
ness to the truth he maintains. 

Mar'tyr, v. to make a martyr ; to torture. 

Mar'tyrdom, s. the death of a martyr. 

Martyrize, v. to torment as a martyr. 

'vlartyrol'ogist, s. a writer of martyrology. 

Martyrol'ogy, s. a register of martyrs. 

Mar'vel, s. a wonder : v. to wonder. 

Ma/vellous, a. astonishing, strange. 

Mar'vellously, ad. wonderfully, strangely. 

Mar'vel lousness, s. wonderfulness. 

Mas'culino, a. male, like a man, manly. 

Mas'culineness, s. male figure or behaviour. 

Mash, s. a mixture of water, bran, &c, for 
cattle : v. to bruise, to mix up together. 

Mash'tub, Mash'vat, s. the vessel in which 
water and malt are mixed for brewing. 

Mash'y, a. produced by crushing. 



Mask, s. a disguise ; a masquerade. 

Mask, v. to disguise with a mask. 

Mask'er, s. one who revels in a mask. 

Ma'son, s. a builder in stone ; one of a soci- 
ety called free-masons. 

Mason'ic, a. relating to freemasons. 

Ma'sonry, s. the craft or work of a mason. 

Mas'orah, s. a Hebrew work on the Bible. 

Masoret'ic, a. relating to the masovah. 

Masquera'de, s. an assembly of maskers. 

Masquera'do, v. to go in disguise. 

Masquera'der, s. a person in a mask. 

Mass, s. a body or lump, a quantity. 

Mass, s. the service of the Roman Catholic 
church at the eucharist. 

Mas'sacre, s. butchery, slaughter, murder. 

Mas'sacre, v. to butcher indiscriminately. 

Mas'seter, s. a muscle of the under jaw. 

Mas'sicot, s. calcined white lead. 

Mas'siness. Mas'siveness, s. weight, bulk. 

Massive, Mas'sy, a. weighty, solid. 

Mast, s. the beam or post erected in a ship, 
to which the sails are fixed. 

Mast, *. the fruit of the oak, beech, &c, 

Mast'ed, a. furnished with a mast. 

Mas'ter, s. one who has rule or direction 
over others ; an owner ; a teacher ; a young 
gentleman ; a title in a university. 

Mas'ter, v. to rule, to govern, to conquer. 

Mas'terdom, s. dominion ; rule. 

Mas'ter-hand, s. a hand eminently skilful. 

Mas'ter-key, s. a key which opens many 
locks ; a solution of many difficulties. 

Mas'terless, a. having no master, unruly. 

Mas'terliness, s. eminent skill. 

Mas'terly, a. skilful, artful; imperious. 

Mas'terly, ad. with the skill of a master. 

Mas'terpiece, s. chief excellence ; a perform- 
ance showing extraordinary skill. 

Mas'tership, s. power, pre-eminence, skill ; 
headship of a school or college. 

Mas'ter-stroke, s. a capital performance. 

Mas'ter-touch, s. the finishing touch, a touch 
that shows the master. 

Mas'ter-work, s. the chief or best work. 

Mas'tery, y. dominion, superiority, skill. 

Mast'ful, a. abounding with masts or fruit. 

Mas'ticate, v. to chew. 

Mastica'tion, s. the act of chewing. 

Mas'ticatory, s. a medicine to be chewed. 

Mas'tic, s. a sweet-scented gum ; cement. 

Mas'tiff, s. a large fierce species of dog. 

Mast'less, a. bearing no mast. 

Mas'todon, s. ahugemammiferousand tusked 
animal, now extinct. 

Mat, 5. a texture of rushes, sedge, or flags. 

Mat, v. to cover with mats ; to twist together. 

Mat'adore, s. a term at ombre or quadrille. 

Match, s. a contest ; an equal ; a marriage ; 
a strip of wood tipped with brimstone. 

Match, v. to be equal to ; to suit ; to marry. 

Match/able, a. suitable, equal, correspondent. 

Match'less, a. having no equal. 

Match'Jessly, ad. so as not to be matched. 

Match'lessness, J. state of being unequalled 

Match'lock, *. the lock of the musket in for- 
mer times holding the match. 

Match'maker, s. one who makes matches. 

Mate, s. companion ; the second in command 
at sea, as the mastej-'s mate. 

Mate, v. to match ; to marry ; to equal. 



MAT 



170 



ME A 



Ma'teless, a. not having a companion. 

Mater, s. (in anatomy) the membrane that 
covers the cerebellum or brain. It is 
usually called the dura mater. 

Mate'ria Med'ica, [Lat.] a term for the va- 
rious drugs, &c. used in the medical art. 

Mate'rial, a. consisting of matter, not spi- 
ritual ; important, essential. 

Materialism, s. the doctrines of materialists. 

Mate'rialist, s. one who denies the doctrine 
of spiritual substances. 

Materiality, s. material existence. 

Mate'rialize, v. to form into matter. 

Materially, ad. essentially, importantly. 

Mate'rialness, s. state of being material. 

Mate'rials, s. what any thing is made of. 

Mater'nal, a. motherly, fond, kind. 

Mater'nity, s. motherhood. 

Math, s. a mowing ; as, "after-math." 

Mathema'tic, Mathematical, a. considered 
according to the doctrine of mathematics. 

Mathematically, ad. according to the laws 
or rules of mathematics. 

Mathemati"cian, s. one skilled in, or ateacher 
of mathematics. 

Mathemat'ics, s. the science which treats of 
whatever can be measured or numbered. 

Mathe'sis, J. the doctrine of mathematics. 

Mat'in, a. pertaining to the morning. 

Matins, s. pi. morning worship. 

Mat'rass, s. a chemical glass vessel. 

Ma'trice, Ma'trix, s. the womb; a mould; 
that which gives form to what is enclosed. 

Mat'ricidal, a. pertaining to matricide. 

Mat'ricide, s. the murderer of a mother. 

Matriculate, v. to enter or admit as a mem- 
ber of a university. 

Matriculate, s. one enrolled in a society. 

Matriculate, a. enrolled in any society. 

Matricula'tion, s. the act of matriculating. 

Matrinio'nial, a. pertaining to marriage. 

Matrimo'nially, ad. according to the laws or 
manner of marriage. 

Mat'rimony, s. marriage, wedlock. 

Ma'tron, s. a prudent motherly woman. 

Ma'tronal, a. suitable to a matron. 

Ma'tronize, v. to render matronlike. 

Ma'tronlike, a. becoming a wife or matron. 

Ma'tronly, a. elderly, ancient, motherly. 

Matro3s', s. a soldier in the artillery who 
assists a gunner. 

Mat'ter, s. body or substance ; subject ; 
business ; importance ; pus. 

Mat'ter, v. to be of importance. 

Mat'terless, a. void of matter. 

Mat'tery, «. full of matter ; generating pus. 

Mat'tock, s. a pickaxe, a tool to grub weeds. 

Mat'tres3, .s. a quilted bed to lie on. 

Mat'urate, v. to ripen, to bring to perfection. 

Matura'tion, s. the process of ripening. 

Mat'urative, a. ripening, digesting. 

Matu're, a. ripe, perfect, well digested. 

Matu're, v. to ripen, to bring to perfection. 

Matu'rely, ad. with counsel well digested. 

Matures'cent, a. approaching to maturity. 

Matu'rity, s. ripeness, completion. 

Mat'utin'al, a. pertaining to the morning. 

Maudlin, a. drunk, fuddled. 

Mau'gre, ad. in spite of, notwithstanding. 

Maul, s. a heavy wooden hammer. 

Maul, v. to bruise or beat soundly. 



Maunch, s. (in heraldry) a sleeve. 

Maund, s. a basket with handles. 

Maun'dy-Thurs'day, s. the Thursday before 
Good Friday. 

Mausole'an, a. monumental. 

Mausole'um, s. a pompous funereal monu- 
ment, a costly sepulchre. 

Ma'vis, s. a thrush, a singing bird. 

Maw, s. the stomach, the craw of birds. 

Mawklngly, ad. slatternly; sluttishly. 

Mawkish, a. apt to cause a loathing. 

Mawklshness, s. aptness to cause loathing. 

Mawlnet, s. a puppet. 

MaVworm, s. a worm in the stomach. 

Maxillary, a. pertaining to the jaw-bone. 

Maxim, s. a general principle, a great or 
leading truth : an axiom. 

Maximum, s. [Lat.] the greater quantity or 
number; opposed to miniinum. 

May, s. the fifth month of the year. 

May, v. to be permitted or at liberty. 

May, v. to gather flowers on May morning. 

May'-day, s. the first of May. 

MayHower, s. a flower that blows in May. 

MayHy, s. an insect used in fly-fishing. 

May'game, s. a sport, diversion, play. 

Maying, s. gathering May flowers. 

May'-lady, s. the queen of May. 

Mayor, s. the chief magistrate of a city. 

May'oralty, s. the office of a mayor. 

May'oress, s. the wife of a mayor. 

May'pole, s. a pole danced round in May. 

May'-weed, s. a species of camomile. 

Maz'ard, s. the jaw, the head. 

Maz'ard, v. to knock on the head. 

Maz'arine, ■?. a deep blue color. 

Maze, v. to bewilder; to be confounded. 

Maze, s. a labyrinth ; confusion of thought. 

Ma'zy, a. winding, perplexed, intricate. 

Me, pr. the objective case of /. 

Mead, s. a drink made of honey and water. 

Mead, Mead'ow, s. grass or pasture land. 

Mead'ow-sweet, s. a plant. 

Mead'owy, a. containing meadow. 

Mea'gre, a. lean, poor in flesh, hungry. 

Mea'gerly, ad. poorly ; barrenly. 

Mea'gerness, s. leanness ; barrenness. 

Meal, s. the flour or edible part of corn ; a 
portion of food taken at one time, a repast. 

Meali'ness, s. a mealy quality. 

Meal'man y s. one that deals in meal. 

Meal'-time, s. the usual time of eating meals. 

Meal'y, a. of the taste or softness of meal . 

Meal'ymouthcd, a. soft or bashful of speech. 

Mean, a. intervening, intermediate. 

Mean, a. of low rank, base, contemptible. 

Mean, s. medium ; pi. instrument of action 
or performance ; resources, income. 

Mean, v. to intend, to design, to signify. 

Mean'der, s. a serpentine winding, a maze. 

Mean'der. v. to run in a serpentine course. 

Mean'dering, a. winding in a course. 

Mean'drian, Mean'drous, a. winding ; hav- 
ing many turns. 

Meaning, s. a signification, intention. 

Meanly, ad. without dignity, ungenerously. 

Mean'ness, s. lowness of mind, sordidness. 

Mean'time, ad. in the intervening time. 

Mean'while, ad. in the intervening time. 

Mease, s. a measure of 500 herrings. 

Mea'sled, Mea'sly, a. spotted with measles 



ME A 



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MEL 



Mea'sles, s. an eruptive disease. 

Meas'urable, a. that may be measured. 

Meas'urableness, s. the being measurable. 

Meas'urably, ad. moderately. 

Meas'ure, v. to compute as to quantity or 
extent by a standard ; to allot ; to adjust. 

Meas'ure, 5. that by which anything is mea- 
sured ; proportion ; degree ; moderation ; 
limit ; metre ; musical time ; a dance ; pi. 
means to an end. 

Meas'urcd, a. equal ; uniform, steady. 

Measureless, a. immense, boundless. 

Measurement, s. the act of measuring. 

Meas'urer, s. one that measures. 

Meas'ures, s. ways, means, expedients. 

Meat, s. flesh to be eaten ; food in general. 

Mechan'ic, Mechanical, a. skilled in me- 
chanics ; pertaining to machines ; of mean 
occupation. 

Mechan'ic, s. a manufacturer, an artificer. 

Mechanically, ad. according to mechanics. 

Mechanician, s. one skilled in mechanics. 

Mechanics, s. the science of moving forces. 

Mec'hanism, s. artificial construction. 

Mec'hanist, s. a maker of machines. 

Mech'lin, s. lace made at Mechlin. 

Mecho'acan, s. a white jalap from Mechoacan 
in Mexico, a mild purgative. 

Meco'nium, s. expressed juice of poppies. 

Med'al, s. an ancient coin; apiece stamped 
in honor of some victory or event. 

Medal'lic, a. pertaining to medals. 

Medal'lion, s. a large medal or coin. 

Med'allist, s. one curious in medals. 

Med'dle, v. to interpose officiously ; to handle. 

Med'dler, s. an officious busybody. 

Med'dlesome, a. officious ; intermeddling. 

Med'dlesomeuess, .1. officiousness. 

Med'dling, a. officious, busy in others' affairs. 

Me'dia, [Lat.] pi. of Medium. 

Mediae'val, a. relating to the middle ages. 

Me'dial, a. noting a mean or average. 

Me'diate, v. to interpose as a friend to both 
parties ; to effect by mediation. 

Me'diate, a. intervening; acting as a means. 

Me'diately, ad. by a secondary cause. 

Media'tion, s. interposition ; intervention. 

Media'tor, s. an intercessor ; an adviser. 

Mediato'rial, a. belonging to a mediator. 

Media'torship, s. the office of a mediator. 

Me'diatory, a. mediatorial. 

Media'trix, 5. a female mediator. 

Medicable, a. that may be healed. 

Med'ical, a. relating to the art of healing. 

Med'ically, ad. medicinally. 

Medicament, s. any thing used in healing. 

Medicamen'tal, a. relating to medicine. 

Medicamentally, ad. in a medicinal manner. 

Medicaster, s. a quack. 

Medicate, v. to tincture with medicines. 

Medica'tion, s. the act of medicating. 

Medi"cinable, a. having the power of physic. 

Mcdi"cinal,rt. having the property of healing. 

ModC'cinally, ad. medically. 

Medicine, s. a remedy in physic : v. to restore 
or cure by means of medicine. 

Mcdi'ety, s. a middle state; half. 

Me'diocral, a. of middle quality ; indifferent. 

Me'diocre, a. of a middling rate ; middling. 

Medioc'rity, 4'. middle rate ; moderate de- 
gree ; moderation. 



Me'diocrist, 5. one qi middling abilities. 

Meditate, v. to think on, to contemplate ; 
to intend ; to plan. 

Medita'tion, s. deep thought, contemplation. 

Meditative, a. given to meditation, serious. 

Mediterranean, Mediterra'neous. a. encir- 
cled by land, as a sea. 

Mediterranean- Sea, s. so called from its 
situation, having Europe on the north, 
Africa on the south, and Asia on the east. 

Me'dium, s. a middle state or course ; the 
space or substance intervening ; means or 
instrumentality. 

Med'iar, s. the name of a tree and its fruit. 

Medley, s. a mixture, a mingled mass : a. 
mingled, confused. 

Medullar, Medullary, a. marrowy. 

Medul'lin, s. the pith of the sunflower. 

Meed, s. a reward, a recompense, a gift. 

Meek, a. mild of temper, gentle, soft. 

Meek'en, v. to make meek ; to soften. 

Meekly, ad. mildly, gently. 

Meek'ness, s. gentleness, mildness. 

Meer, Mere, s. a large pool, a lake. 

Meet, a. convenient, fit, proper. 

Meet, v. to come together from opposite di- 
rections ; to assemble ; to encounter ; to 
light on or find . 

Meeting, s. an interview ; an assembly. 

Meeting-house, s. a place where Dissenters 
assemble to worship ; a conventicle. 

Meetly, ad. fitly, properly. 

Meet'ness, s. fitness, propriety. 

Megathe'rium, s. (a great wild beast) a term 
applied to a huge quadruped, now extinct. 

Me'grim, ?. a disorder or pain affecting only 
one side of the head. 

Meio'sis, 5. diminution (a rhetorical figure). 

Mel'ancholic, a. hypochondriacal ; sad. 

Mel'ancholily, ad. with melancholy. 

Mel'ancholiness, .1. the being melancholy. 

Melancho'lious, s. melancholy ; gloomy. 

Mel'ancholist, s. a hypochondriac. 

Mel'ancholize, v. to become melancholy. 

Mel'ancholy, s. a gloomy state of mind ; sad- 
ness, pensiveness. 

Melan'ge, s. [Fr.] a mixture. 

Meli"cerous, «. having matter like honey. 

Meliorate, v. to make better, to improve. 

Melioration, s. an improvement. 

Meliorlty, s. the state of being better. 

Mell, v. to mix ; to meddle. 

Melliferous, Melliflc, a. producing honey. 

Mellification, s. the making of honey. 

Mellifluence, *. a flow of sweetness. 

Mellifluent, Mellifluous, a. flowing as with 
honey ; flowing with sweetness. 

Mellite, s. the mineral honey-stone. 

Mellitlc, a. pertaining to honey-stone. 

Mellow, a. soft with ripeness ; soft to the 
taste ; soft in sound ; soft with liquor, drunk. 

Mellow, v. to ripen ; to soften. 

Mellowness, s. ripeness, maturity. 

Mellowy, a. soft, unctuous. 

Melo'dious, a. full of melody, sweet to lin- 
ear, musical. 

Melo'diously, ad. sweetly to the ear. 

Mclo'diousncss, s. sweetness of sound. 

Mel'odize, v. to tune to melody. 

Melodramatic, a. of the nature or character 
of a meloilrame. 

I 2 



MEL 



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Mel'odrame, s. a dramatic performance, in 
which music and singing are intermixed. 

Mel'ody, s. sweetness of sound, an agreeable 
succession of musical sounds. 

Mel'on, s. a plant and its fruit. 

Mel'rose, s. honey of roses. 

Melt, v. to make or become liquid, to dis- 
solve ; to soften ; to waste away. 

Melt'er, s. one that melts metals, &c. 

Melt'ing, a. softening, relaxing. 

Melt'ing, s. the act of softening. 

Melt'ingly, ad. in a melting manner. 

Melt'ingness, s. disposition to melt. 

Mem'ber, s. a limb, a part, a clause ; one 
of a community. 

Mern'bered. a. having limbs. 

Mem'bership, s. community, society, union. 

Mem'brane, s. a thin skin formed by fibres 
interwoven. 

Mcmbra'neous, Membranaceous, Mem'bra- 
nous, a. consisting of membranes. 

Memen'to, s. a memorial, a hint for the 
memory, (literally, " be mindful.") 

Mem'oit, s. an account written from me- 
mory, or as recollected ; a narrative. 

Mem'orabie, a. worthy of remembrance. 

Mem'orably, ad. in a memorable manner. 

Memoran'dum, s. note to help memory. 

Memoran'dum-book, s. a book in which en- 
tries are made to assist the memory. 

Memo'rial, s. a monument ; something to 
preserve memory ; an address reminding 
of services and soliciting a reward. 

Memo'rial, a. contained in memory. 

Memorialist, s. one who writes a memorial. 

Mem'orize, v. to cause to be remembered. 

Mem'ory, 5. the power of retaining or recol- 
lecting things past; that faculty by which 
we call to mind past transactions. 

Men, s. pi. of Man. 

Men 'ace, v. to threaten : s. a threat. 

Men'acer, *. one who threatens. 

Men'acing, s. the act of threatening. 

Men'age, s. a menagerie. 

Mena"gerie, s. a collection of foreign ani- 
mals ; the place for keeping them. 

Mend, v. to repair, to correct, to improve. 

Mend'able, a. capable of being mended. 

Menda'cious, a. false, lying. 

Menda"city, s. a falsehood. 

Mend'er, s. one who mends or improves. 

Men'dicancy, s. beggary, pauperism. 

Men'dicant, a. begging : s. a beggar. 

Mendi"city, s. beggary ; a poor-house. 

Me'nial, s. a servant : a. domestic. 

Men'sal, a. belonging to the table. 

Men'strual, a. happening once a month. 

Men'struous, a. menstrual, monthly. 

Men'struum, s. a dissolvent ; a fluid which 
dissolves a solid body. 

Mensurabil'ity, s. the being mensurable. 

Men'surable, a. that may be measured. 

Men'sural, a. relating to measure. 
Mensuration, .?. the art of measuring. 

Men'tal, a. intellectual ; in the mind. 
Mentally, ad. intellectually ; in the mind. 
Men'tion, s. notice, remark. 

Men'tion, v. to express in words, to name. 

Mento'rial, Mento'rian, a. containing advice. 
Men'tor, s. the preceptor of Telemachus; an 
adviser, an admonisher. 



Mephit'ic, Mephit'ical, a. foul, noxious. 

Mercantile, a trading, commercial. 

Mercenarily, ad. in a mercenary manner. 

Mer'cenariness, s. venality ; desire for gain. 

Mercenary, a. greedy of gain ; venial. 

Mer'cenary, s. one serving for pay ; a hireling. 

Mer'cer, s. one who sells silks, &c. 

Mer'cery, s. the trade of mercers. 

Merchandise, s. trade, commerce, wares. 

Merchandise, v. to exercise commerce. 

Mer'chandry, s. traffic, trade, commerce. 

Mer'chant, s. a dealer by wholesale. 

Merchantable, a. fit to be bought or sold. 

Mer'chantlike, a. like a merchant. 

Mer'chantman, s. a ship of trade. 

Mcr'ciful, a. compassionate, tender, kind. 

Mercifully, ad. tenderly, with pity. 

Mer'cifulness, s. quality of being merciful. 

Mer'ciless, a. void of mercy, pitiless. 

Mer'cilessly, ad. in a manner void of pity. 

Mer'cilessness, s. want of pity. 

Mer'cinariness, s. great desire of gain. 

Mercu'rial, a. a consisting of quicksilver : 
active, sprightly, light, gay. 

Mercu'rialist, s. one under the influence of, 
or resembling Mercury. 

Mercury, s. a heathen deity; one of the 
planets ; quicksilver. 

Mer'cy, s. clemency, pardon, mildness. 

Mer'cy-seat, s. the propitiatory; the cover- 
ing of the ark of the covenant. 

Mere, s. a large pool or lake. 

Mere, a. pure, unmixed ; nothing else. 

Me'rely, ad. simply, only, absolutely. 

Meretrf'cious, a. like a harlot ; alluring by 
false show ; gaudy to catch the eye. 

Meretri"ciously, ad. in a meretricious man- 
ner ; with false allurement. 

Meretri"ciousness, *. the arts of a harlot , 
allurement by gaudy show. 

Merge, v. to immerse, to plunge, to sink. 

Merid'ian. a. being on or pertaining to the 
meridian or mid-day ; southerly. 

Merid'ian, s. mid-day, noon; the line or 
circle supposed to be drawn through the 
poles, which the sun crosses at noon ; the 
highest point of power or glory. 

Merid'ional, a. southern, southerly. 

Merid'ionaily, ad. in a southern direction. 

Meri'no, s. a breed of Spanish sheep re- 
markable for the fineness of their wool : :\ 
kind of fine woollen stuff. 

Mer'it, s. desert, due reward ; excellence. 

Mer'it, v. to deserve ; to earn. 

Mer'itable, a. deserving of reward. 

Merito'rious, a. deserving of reward. 

Merito'riously, ad, in a deserving manner. 

Merito'riousness, *. the being meritorious. 

Merle, s. a blackbird. 

Mer'lin, s. a species of hawk. 

Mer'maid, s. a fabulous sea creature, said to 
resemble a woman in the upper part of the 
body, and a fish in the lower. 

Mer'man, s. the male of the mermaid. 

Mer'rily, ad. with gaiety, cheerfully. 

Mer'rimake, v. to feast ; to be jovial. 

Mer'riment, s. mirth, cheerfulness. 

Merriness, s. mirth ; merry disposition. 

Mer'ry, a. causing mirth, gay, jovial. 

Merry-an'drew, s. a buffoon, a jack-pudding. 
j Mer'ry-making, s. a jovial festival. 



MER 



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M er'ry-meeting, s. a meeting for mirth. 
Mer'ry-thought, s. a forked bone in the 
breast of a fowl. 

Mer'sion, s. the act of dipping or plunging. 
Meseems', v. it seems to me. 
Mesenteric, a. relating to the mesentery. 

Mesentery, s. a membrane in the middle 
of the intestines around which they are 
convolved. 

Mesh, s. space between the threads of a net. 

Mesh, v. to catch in a net ; to ensnare. 

Mesh'y, a. reticulated, formed of network. 

Mess, s. a dish or portion of food ; a number 
of persons who eat together ; a hotch-potch; 
a confused medley ; a difficulty or scrape. 

Mess, v. to eat, to feed together. 

Mes'sage, s. an errand, advice sent. 

Mes'senger, s. one who carries a message. 

Messi'ah, s. the Saviour of the world, Christ. 

Messi'aliship, s. the office of the Messiah. 

Mes'sieurs, [Fr.] sirs, gentlemen. 

Mess'mate, s. one that eats with another. 

Mes'suage, s. a dwelling-house and adjoining 
tenements. 

Metab'asis, s. (in rhetoric) transition. 

Metacarpal, a. belonging to the metacarpus. 

Metacarp'us, s. that part of the hand be- 
tween the wrist and fingers. 

Me'tage, s. measurement. 

Met'al, s. a hard, opaque, malleable, and 
fusible mineral. 

Metalep'sis, s. a figure in rhetoric. 

Metallic, a. pertaining to metal. 

Metalliferous, a. producing metals. 

Metal'liform, a. of the form or like metals. 

Met'al] ine, a. impregnated with metal. 

Met'allist, s. a worker in metals. 

Met'alloid, s. the metallic base of an alkali. 

Met'allurgic, a. pertaining to metallurgy. 

Metallurgist, s. a worker in metal. 

Metallurgy, s. the art of working metals. 

Metamorph'ic, a. changing the form. 

Metamor'phose, v. to change into a differ- 
ent form or shape. 

Metamor'phoser, s. a changer of form. 

Metamor'phosis, s. a transformation. 

Met'aphor, s. a figure of speech by which 
the name and properties of one object are 
ascribed to another. 

Metaphor'ic, Metaphor'ical, a. figurative. 

Metaphorically, ad. figuratively. 

Met'aphorist, s. a maker of metaphors. 

Met'aphrase, s. a close or literal translation. 
It is opposed to Paraphrase. 

Met'aphrast, s. a literal translator. 

Metaphras'tic, a. literal in interpretation. 

Metaphyseal, a. relating to metaphysics. 

Metaphysically, ad. in a metaphysical man- 
ner ; with metaphysical distinction. 

Metaphysi"cian, s. one versed or skilled 
in metaphysics. 

Metaphys'ics,.9.thescicncewhich considers the 
general affections of substances abstracted 
from matter ; the science of mind. 

Metastasis, s. a translation or removal. 

Metatar'sus, s. the middle of the foot. 

Metath'esis, s. a transposition, change. 

Mete, s. measure, limit, boundary. 

Mete, v. to measure ; to apportion. 

Mctempsycho'sis, s. a transmigration of souls 
from one body to another at death. 



Me'teor, s. a body in the air or sky, of a lu- 
minous and transitory nature. 
Meteor'ic, a. resembling a meteor. 
Me'teorize, v. to ascend in evaporation. 

Me'teorolite, s. a meteoric stone. 

Meteorolo"gical, a. relating to meteors. 

Meteorologist, .?. a man skilled in meteors. 

Meteorol'ogy, s. the doctrine of meteors. 

Mete'orous, a. having the nature of a meteor. 

Me'ter, s. a measurer. 

Me'tewand, Me'teyard, s. a measuring staff. 

Metheg'lin, s. a drink made of honey, spices, 
water, &c., boiled together. 

Methinks', v. I think, it seems to me. 

Meth'od, s. way, manner; classification. 

Method'ical, a. ranged in due order, exact. 

Methodically, ad. according to method. 

Meth'odise, v. to bring into good order. 

Meth'odism, s. a term applied to the reli- 
gious opinions of a class of Dissenters. 

Meth'odist, s. an observer of method ; a fol- 
lower of Wesley and Whitfield. 

Methodis'tic, Methodis'tical, a. relating to 
the religious sect of Methodists. 

Methought', v. I thought. 

Meton'ic, a. applied to the cycle of the moon 
from its discoverer Meton. 

Metonym'ical, a. expressed figuratively. 

Metonym'ically, ad. not literally. 

Met'onymy, s. a figure in rhetoric, by which 
one word is put for another. 

Met'ope, s. a square space between triglyphs 
in the frieze of the Doric order. 

Me'tre, s. verse, harmonic measure. 

Met'rical, a. pertaining to metre. 

Met'rically, ad. according to poetic measure. 

Metrfcian, Me'trist, s. a writer of verses. 

Metropolis, s. the chief city of a country. 

Metropol'itan, a. belonging to a metropolis. 

Metrop'olite, Metropol'itan, s. an archbishop. 

Metropol'itic, Metropolit'ical, a. chief or 
principal ; denoting archiepiscopal dignity. 

Met'tle, s. fire, briskness, spirit, courage. 

Met'tled, a. sprightly, courageous. 

Met'tlesome, a. lively, brisk, courageous. 

Met'tlesomeness, s. high spiritedness. 

Mew, s. a cage, an enclosure ; a sea-fowl. 

Mew, v. to moult or change feathers ; to 
encage or shut up ; to cry as a cat. 

Mewl, v. to squall as a young child. 

Mewl'er, s. one who squalls or mewls. 

Mews, s. pi. places for hawks ; enclosures or 
buildings for horses. 

Mezzo-relie'vo, [It.] s. between alto and 
basso-relievo ; demi-relievo. 

Mezzotin'to, s. engravings which resemble 
the drawings in Indian-ink. 

Mi'asm, Mias'ma, s. particles or atoms sup- 
posed to arise from distempered, putrefy- 
ing, or poisonous bodies. 

Miasmat'ic, a. contagious, infectious. 

Mi'ca, s. a kind of mineral. 

Mica'ceous, a. of the nature of mica. 

Mice, s. pi. of Mouse. 

Mic'haelmas, s. the feast of St. Michael. 

Miche, v. to skulk, to absent one's self. 

Mich'er, s. a lazy loiterer, a skulker. 

Mickle, a. much, great. 

Mi'crocosm, s. a little world ; man. 

Microcos'mical, a. pertaining to the micro- 
cosm or little world. 



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Microcous'tic, Mic'rophone, s. an instrument 
for hearing small sounds. 

Microm'eter, .?. an astronomical instrument 
to measure small spaces. 

Mi croscope, s. an optical instrument, by 
■which the smallest objects are discerned. 

Microscopic, Microscop'ical, a. assisted by 
or resembling a microscope. 

Microscopically, ad. with minute inspection. 

Microscop'ist, s. one skilled in microscopy. 

Mi'croscopy, s. the art by which small ob- 
jects are made to apjsear large. 

Micturi'tion, s. the act of passing the urine. 

Mid. Midst, a. between two; equally distant. 

Mid'-age, s. the middle of life. 

Mid'-day, a. being at noon ; meridional. 

Mid'-day, s. noon, meridian. 

Mid'dle, s. the part equally distant from tho 
two extremities. 

Mid'dle, a. equally distant from the two 
extremes ; intermediate. 

Mid'dle-aged, a. about the middle of life. 

Mid'dlemost, Mid'most, a. in the midst. 

Mid'dling, a. of middling rank ; moderate. 

Mid'dlingly, ad. passably ; indifferently. 

Midge, s. a gnat, a very small insect. 

Mid-heav'en, s. tho middle of the sky. 

Midland, a. surrounded by land. 

Mid'leg, s. the middle of the leg. 

Mid'lent, s. the middle of Lent. 

Mid'night, s. twelve o'clock at night. 

Mid'riff, s. the diaphragm ; the muscle 
which separates the thorax from the ab- 
domen. 

Mid'ship, a. being or belonging to the mid- 
dle of a ship. 

Mid'shipman, s. a naval officer next in rank 
to a lieutenant. 

Mid'stream, s. the middle of the stream. 

Mid'summer, s. the summer solstice. 

Mid'way, s. the part of the way equally dis- 
tant from the beginning and end : a. being 
in the middle or midway : ad. in the 
middle of the passage. 

Mid'wife, s. a female accoucheur. 

Mid'wifery, s. the act of delivering women. 

Mid'wintcr, s. the winter solstice. 

Mien, s. air, look, manner, appearance. 

Miff, s. a slight degree of resentment. 

Might, past tense of May : s. power, force. 

Mi'ghtily, ad. powerfully, efficaciously. 

Mi'ghtiness, s. power, height of dignity. 

Mi'ghty, a. powerful : ad. in a great degree. 

Mignonett'e, s. a sweet-smelling flower. 

Mi'grate, v. to remove, to change residence. 

Migra'tion, s. the act of removing. 

Mi'gratory, a. disposed to migrate, roving. 

Milch, a. giving or yielding milk. 

Mild, a. kind, gentle, soft, easy, tender. 

Mil'dew, s. a clammy sweet juice or dew 
which injures and destroys plants ; spots 
on cloth or paper caused by moisture. 

Mil'dew, v. to taint or infect with mildew. 

Mil'dewed, a. damaged with mildew. 

Mi'ldly, ad. tenderly, gently. 

Mi'ldness, v. gentleness, clemency. 

Mile, s. a land measure of 1,760 yards. 

Mi'leage, s. an allowance by the mile. 

Mi'lestone, s. a stone set to mark the miles. 

Mil'foil, s. an herb with many leaves. 

Miliary, a. small, like millet seeds. 



Mil'itant, a. fighting, engaged in warfare. 
Mil'itancy, s. warfare. 
Militarily, ad. in a soldierly manner. 
Mil'itary, s. the soldiery ; the army. 
Military, a. warlike, suiting a soldier. 
Mil'itate, v. to differ from, to oppose. 
Militia, s. a national force ; trainbands. 
Milk, s. the liquor with which females foed 

their young from the breast or teats. 
Milk, v. to draw milk from a cow, &c. 
Milk'en, a. consisting of milk. 
Milk'er, s. one that milks animals. 
Milk'-fever, s. a fever incident to childbirth. 
Milk'iness, s. softness like that of milk. 
Milk'livered, a. cowardly ; timorous. 
Milk'maid, s. a woman employed in the 

dairy, a dairy-maid. 
Milk'man, s. a man who sells milk. 
Milk'pail, s. a vessel for receiving milk. 
Milk'pan, s. a vessel for keeping milk. 
Milk'-porridge, Milk'pottage, s. milk boiled 

with meal or fiour. 
Milk'score, 5. the reckoning of milk supplied. 
Milk'sop, s. a soft feeble-minded man. 
Milk'-thistle, s. a kind of thistle. 
Milk'-tooth, s. the fore tooth of a foal. 
Milk'-trefoil, s. a plant, the cytisus. 
Milk'white, a. white as milk. 
Milk'woman, s. a woman who sells milk. 
Milk'wort, s. a plant, spurge. 
Milk'y, a. yielding milk ; soft, gentle. 
Milk'y-way', s. the galaxy. 
Mill, s. a machine for grinding corn, &c. 
Mill, v. to grind, to stamp coin. 
Mill'cog, s. a tooth of a mill-wheel. 
Mill'-dam, s. the mound by which the water 

is ( Jlected for turning a mill. 
Millena'rian, s. one who holds the doctrine 

of, or expects, the Millennium. 
Millenary, a. consisting of a thousand: s. 

the space of one thousand years. 
Millenist, s. amillenarian. 
Millen'nial, a. pertaining to the Millennium. 
Millennium, s. the space of athousand years, 

during which some imagine Christ will 

reign on earth after the resurrection. 
Mil'leped, s. a wood louse ; an insect. 
Millepore, .?. a genus of porous lithophytes. 
Miller, s. one who attends mills. 
Mil'ler's-thumb, s. a small iish. 
Millesimal, a. thousandth. 
Millet, .?. a plant ; the grain of the plant. 
Mill'horse, s. a horse that turns a mill. 
Mil'liary, a. pertaining to a mile. 
Milliner, s. one who sells ribands, bonnets, 

caps, &.c., for females. 
Millinery, s. goods sold by a milliner. 
Million, $, ten hundred thousand. 
Millionary, a. pertaining to millions. 
Mil'lioned, a. multiplied by millions. 
Millionth, a. the ten hundredth thousand. 
Mill'pond, s. a bed of water near a mill. 
Mill'race, s. the water that drives a mill. 
Milree', Milrea', .?. a Portuguese coin. 
Mill'stone, s. a stone for grinding corn. 
Milt, s. the sperm of fishes ; the spleen. 
Milt, v. to impregnate the row or spawn. 
Mil'ter, s. the male of fishes. 
Mime, *. a buffoon ; a farce. 
Mime, v. to play the mime or buffoon. 
Mi'mer, s. one who mimics, a mimo. 



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Mime'sis, s. imitation of A^oice or gesture. 
Mimetic, Mimet'ical, a. imitative ; acting 

like a mime or mimic. 
Mim'ic, s. a ludicrous imitator of the ges- 
tures or voice of others ; a buffoon. 
Mim'ic, Mimical, a. apish ; imitative. 
Mimic, v. to imitate as a buffoon. 
Mimlcally, ad. in a mimical manner. 
Mimicry, s. a burlesque imitation. 
Mimo'sa, s. the sensitive plant. 
Mi'na, s. a weight or denomination of money. 
Mina'cious, a. full of threats. 
Mina"city, s. a disposition to use threats. 
Min'aret, s. a small spire or turret. 
Min'atory, a. threatening, denouncing. 
Mince, v. to cut into very small parts ; to 
speak small or affectedly ; to walk by short 
and light steps. 
Min'ce-pie, s. a pie made of meat chopped 

up and mixed with other ingredients. 
Min'cingly, ad. in small parts, not fully. 
Mind, s. the intellectual faculty, the under- 
standing ; thoughts ; intentions ; inclina- 
tions ; opinion ; memory. 
Mind, v. to mark, to attend, to remind. 
Mi'nded, a. inclined, affected, disposed. 
Mi'ndedness, s. disposition ; inclination. 
Mi'ndful, a. regardful, attentive. 
Mi'ndfully, ad. attentively ; needfully. 
Mindfulness, s. attention, watchfulness. 
Mi'ndless, a. regardless, inattentive. 
Mine, pr. poss. belonging to me, 
Mine, s. a place whore minerals are dug ; 
a cavern under a fortification filled with 
gunpowder : v. to sap or ruin by mines. 
Milier, s. one that digs for metals. 
Min'eral, s. matter dug out of mines. 
Min'eral, a. pertaining to minerals. 
Min'eralist, s. one skilled in minerals. 
Mineraliza'tion, s. the act or natural process 

of mineralizing. 
Min'eralize, v. to convert into a mineral; to 

impregnate with a mineral. 
Min'eralized, a. holding some mineral in so- 
lution ; combined with some other metal. 
Min'eralizer, s. a substance which mineral- 
izes another, as sulphur. 
Mineralo'gical, a. pertaining to mineralogy. 
Mineral'ogist, s. one skilled in mineralogy. 
Mineral'ogy, s. the science or study of min- 
erals or inorganic substances. 
Min'gle, v. to mix, to compound, to unite. 
Min'gle, s. a mixture, a confused mass. 
Min'gler, s. one that mingles. 
Minlard, Mig'niard, a. soft, dainty. 
Minlardize, v. to render soft or dainty. 
Miniate, v. to paint or tinge with vermillion. 
Miniature, s. a painting in water colors ; a 

small picture. 
Minlkiu, a. small, diminutive: s. a small 

pin ; a little favorite. 
Minim, s. a dwarf; a note in music. 
Minimum, .v. [Lat.] the smallest quantity 

possible , the opposite of maximum. 
Min'imus, s. a being of the smallest size. 
Minion, a. small, delicate; trim, dainty. 
Minion, j. a favorite ; a low dependent; a 

small kind of printing type. 
Min'ish, v. to lessen, to diminish. 
Minister, s. an officer of state : one that 
serves at the altar; a delegate ; an asjen 



Minister, v. to attend on, to serve ; to supply. 
Ministerial, a. pertaining to a minister of 
the church or state ; attendant ; acting at 
command, or under authority. 
Ministe'rially, ad. in a ministerial manner. 
Minlstrant, a. attendant ; actingat command. 
Ministra'tion, s. agency, service, office. 
M mistress, s. a female that ministers. 
Ministry, s. office ; service ; administration ; 
agency; ecclesiastical functions; the body 
of ministers of state. 
Minium, s. the red oxide of lead. 
Mink, s. a kind of water-rat in America. 
Min'now, s. a very small fish, the pimk. 
Mi'nor, a. less, smaller, inconsiderable. 
Mi'nor, s. one not of age ; in logic, the se- 
cond proposition in the syllogism. 
Minority, s. nonage ; state of being under 

age ; the smaller number. 
Miu'otaur, s. a fabulous monster said to be 

half a man and half a bull. 
Min'orite, s. a Franciscan friar. 
Min'ster, s. a cathedral church, a monastery ; 

an ecclesiastical fraternity. 
Min'strel, s. a musician ; a singer. 
Min'strelsy, s. music ; a band of musicians. 
Mint, s. a place for coining ; a plant. 
Mint, v. to coin ; to stamp money. 
Mint'age, s. the duty paid, for coining, 
Mint'er, s. a coiner; an inventor. 
Mint'master, s. one who presides in coinage. 
Min'uet, s. a slow, stately dance. 
Minu'te, a. small, little, slender, trifiing. 
Min'ute, s. the sixtieth part of an hour ; a 

brief note or entry. 
Min'ute, v. to set down in short notes. 
Min'ute-book, s. a book of short notes. 
Min'ute-glass, s. a glass of which the sand 

by running out measures a minute. 
Min'utc-gun, s. a gun fired every minute. 
Min'ute-hand, s. the hand that points to the 

minutes of a clock or watch. 
Min'utely, a. happening every minute : ad. 
every minute ; with little time intervening. 
Minu'tely, ad. exactly, precisely. 
Minu'teness, s. smalmess; inconsiderable- 

ness ; precision. 
Min'ute-watch, s. a watch marking or point- 
ing out the minutes. 
Minu'tiee, s. the smallest particulars. 
Minx, s. a young pert wanton girl. 
Mi'ny, a. full of mines ; subterraneous. 
Mir'acle, s. a wonder ; an event or effect 

above human power. 
Mir'acle-monger, s. an impostor. 
Mirac'ulous, a. done by miracle. 
Mirac'ulously, ad. by miracle ; wonderfully. 
Mirac'ulousness, s. the being miraculous. 
Mirado'r, s. a balcony, a gallery, 
Mira'ge, s. an optical illusion, by which 
objects on the earth or water appear to be 
raised into the air. 
Mire, s. mud, dirt, filth ; an ant, a pismire. 
Mire, v. to whelm in the mud. 
Mirifloal, a. done in a wonderful manner. 
Mi'riness, S. dirtiness ; fulness of mire. 
Mir'ror, s. looking-glass ; a pattern. 
Mir'ror-stone, s. a clear transparent stono. 
Mirth, s. jollity, merriment, laughter. 
Mirth'ful, a. gay, cheerful, merry. 
Mirth/fully, ad. in a merry manner. 



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Mirthless, a. joyless, cheerless. 
Mi'ry, a. deep in mud, muddy, filthy. 
Misaceepta'tion, s. the act of taking in a 

wrong sense. 
Misadven'ture, s. mischance, had fortune. 
Misadven'tured, a. unfortunate, 
Misadvi'se, v. to give bad counsel. 
Misadvi'sed, a. ill counselled, ill directed. 
Misaffect', v. to dislike ; not to be fond of. 
Misaffect'ed, a. ill affected ; ill 
Misaffirm', v. to state incorrectly 
Misaim'ed, a. not aimed rightly. 
Misallega'tion, s. a false statement. 
Misalle'ge, v. to cite falsely as a proof. 
Misalli'ance, s. improper association. 
Misallied', a. ill associated. 
Mis'anthrope, s. a hater of mankind. 
Misanthrop'ic, Misanthropical, a. hating or 

disliking mankind. 
Misan'thropist, s. a misanthrope. 
Misan'thropy, s. the hatred of mankind. 
Misapplication, s. a wrong application. 
Misapply', v. to apply to wrong purposes. 
Misapprehend', v. not to understand rightly, 

to misunderstand, to mistake. 
Misapprehension, s. a wrong apprehension. 
MisaTran'ge, v. to place improperly. 
Misascri'be, v. to ascribe falsely. 
Misassi'gn, v. to assign erroneously. 
Misattend', zf.to disregard. 
Misbecom'e, v. not to become, not to suit. 
Misbecom'ing, p. and a. indecent, unseemly. 
Misbecom'ingness, s. unbecomingness. 
Misbegot'ten, p. and a. unlawfully begotten. 
Misbeha've, v. to act improperly or ill. 
Misbeha'ved, a. untaught ; ill-bred ; uncivil. 
Misbeha'viour, s. ill conduct; bad practice. 
Misbelief, s. a wrong faith or belief. 
Misbelie've, v. to believe wrongly. 
Misbelie'ver, s. one that holds a false re- 
ligion, an infidel. 
Misbeliev'ing, a. believing erroneously. 
Misbeseem', v. to suit ill ; not to become. 
Misbestow', v. to bestow improperly. 
Mis'born, a. born to misfortune ; unlucky. 
Miscall', v. to call by a wrong name. 
Miscalculate, v. to reckon wrong. 
Miscalculation, s. a wrong computation. 
Miscar'riage, s. abortion ; ill success. 
Miscar'ry. v. to have an abortion ; to fail. 
Miscast', 5. an erroneous reckoning. 
Miscast', v. to cast or reckon erroneously. 
Miscellana'rian, a. belonging to miscellanies : 

s. a writer of miscellanies. 
Miscellaneous, a. composed of various kinds ; 

mixed without order. 
Miscella'neousness, s. the state of being 

mingled ; composition of various kinds. 
Mis'cellany, s. a mass or mixture formed of 

various kinds : a. variously composed. 
Misehan'ce, s. ill luck, ill fortune. 
Mischar'ge, s. an erroneous charge. 
Mischar'ge, v. to mistake in charging, 
Mis'chief, s. harm, hurt, injury. 
Mis'chief, v. to hurt ; to harm ; to injure. 
Mis'chiefmaker, s. one who causes mischief, 
i. is'chiefmaking, a. causing harm. 
Mischievous, a. hurtful, malicious. 
Mis'chievously, ad. hurtfully; wickedly. 
M is'chievousness, s. perniciousness. 
Mischoos'e, v. to choose wrongly. 



Miscibil'ity, s. capability of being mixed. 

Mis'cibJe, a. possible to be mingled. 

Miscita'tion, s. a false or unfair quotation. 

Misci'te, v. to cite wrongly. 

Misclaim', s. a mistaken or improper claim. 

Miscomputa'tion, s. false reckoning. 

Miscompu'te, v. to compute erroneously. 

Misconceit', s. an erroneous notion. 

Misconce'ive, v. to have a false notion of. 

Misconcep'tion, s. a false opinion. 

Miscon'duct, s. wrong conduct, ill behaviour; 
ill management. 

Misconduct', v. to manage amiss. 

Misconjec'ture, s. a Avrong guess or conjec- 
ture : v. to make a wrong guess. 

Misconstruc'tion, s. a wrong interpretation. 

Miscon'strue, v. to interpret wrongly. 

Miscon'struer, s. one who interprets wrongly. 

Miscorrect', v. to correct erroneously. 

Miscoun'sel, v. to advise wrongly. 

Miscount', v. to reckon wrongly. 

Mis'creance, Mis'creancy, s. unbelief of the 
truth, false faith. 

Mis'creant, s. an infidel, a vile wretch. 

Miscrea'te, Miscrea'ted, a. formed unnatu- 
rally, deformed, ill shapen. 

Misda'te, v. to date erroneously. 

Misdeed', s. an evil deed or action. 

Misdeem', v. to judge ill of ; to mistake. 

Misdemean', v. to behave ill. 

Misdemean'our, s. ill behaviour, an offence. 

Misderi've, v. to derive improperly. 

Misdevo'tion, s. mistaken piety. 

Misdirect', v. to lead or guide amiss. 

Misdisposi"tion, s. inclination to evil. 

Misdistin'guish, v. to make wrong or im- 
proper distinctions. 

Misdo', v. to do wrong ; to commit crimes. 

Misdo'er, s. an offender ; a criminal. 

Misdo'ing, s. offence ; deviation from right. 

Misdoubt', v. to suspect : *. suspicion. 

Misdoubt'ful, a. misgiving. 

Misemploy', v. to employ amiss. 

Misemploy'ment, s. improper application. 

Misen'try, s. a wrong entry. 

Mi'ser, s. a wretch, one covetous to excess. 

Mis'erable, a. unhappy, wretched ; worthless. 

Mis'erableness, 5. state of being miserable. 

Mis'erably, ad. unhappily, meanly. 

Mi'serly, a. avaricious in the extreme. 

Mis'ery, s. wretchedness, calamity ; avarice. 

Misestimate, v. to estimate erroneously. 

Misfall', v. to befall unluckily. 

Misfa're, s. ill stale; misfortune. 

Misfash'ion, v. to form wrong. 

Misform', v. to form badly. 

Misfor'tune, s. ill-fortune; calamity. 

Misgiv'e. v. to fill with doubt :. to give amiss. 

Misgiv'ing, s. doubt; distrust. 

Misgot'ten, a. unjustly obtained. 
I Misgov'om, v. to govern ill. 
i Misgov'ernance, s. wrong governance. 
| Misgov 7 ernment, 5. bad government. 

Misground', v. to found erroneously. 
I Misgui'dance, s. false direction. 

Misgui'de, v. to direct ill ; to lead astray. 

Mishap', s. a mischance, ill luck. 

Mishap'pen, v. to happen ill. 

Mishear', v. to hear imperfectly. 

Mish'na, Misch'na, s. a collection of Jewish 
traditions, and explanations of Scripture. 



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Misimprov'ement, s. ill use or improvement. 

Misinfer', v. to infer wrongly. 

Misinform', v. to give a false account. 

Misinformation, j. false intelligence. 

Misinform'er, s. one who misinforms. 

Misinstruct', v. to instruct improperly. 

Misinstruc'tion, s. wrong instruction. 

Misintel'iigence, s. wrong information. 

Misinterpret, v. to interpret wrongly. 

Misinterpreta'tion, s. wrong explanation. 

Misinterpreted, a. wrongly interpreted. 

Misinter'preter, s. one who misinterprets. 

Misjoin', v. to join unfitly or improperly. 

Misjud'ge, v. to judge wrongly. 

Misjudgement, s. wrong or unjust judgment. 

Miskin'dle, v. to inflame to a bad purpose. 

Mislay', v. to lay in a wrong place. 

Mislay 'er, s. one that mislays. 

Mis'lo, Mis'tlc, Miz'zle, v. to rain in imper- 
ceptible drops like mist. 

Mislead', v. to guide in a wrong way. 

Mislead'er, s. one that leads to ill. 

Misli'ke, 5. dislike; disapprobation. 

Misli'ke, v. to disapprove, not to like. 

Misli'ker, s. one that dislikes. 

Misliv'e, v. to lead a vicious life. 

Misluck', s. bad luck ; misfortune. 

Mis'ly, Mist'ly, Miz'zly, a. raining in very 
fine drops like mist. 

Misman'age, v. to manage ill, to misapply. 

Misman'ager, s. one that manages ill. 

Mismanagement, s. ill management. 

Misma'rk, v. to mark erroneously. 

Mismatch', v. to match unsuitably. 

Misna'me, v. to call by a wrong name. 

Misno'mer, s. a wrong name. 

Misobser've, v. not to observe accurately. 

Misog'amist, 5. a marriage hater. 

Miso"gynist, s. a woman hater. 

Misopin'ion, s. an erroneous opinion. 

Misor'der, v. to order or manage ill. 

Mis'order, s. disorder, irregularity. 

Misor'derly, a. irregular, disorderly. 

Mispersuade', v. to bring to a wrong notion. 

Mispersua'sion, s. a wrong or false notion. 

Mispla'ce, v. to put in a wrong place. 

Mispleading, s. a mistake in pleading. 

Mispoint', v. to point or divide wrong. 

Mispol'icy, s. wrong or bad policy. 

Misprint', s. an error of the press. 

Misprint', v. to print wrong. 

Mispri'sc, v. to mistake, to slight, to scorn. 

Mispris'ion, s. mistake ; neglect or oversight; 
scorn. Misprision of treason is the con- 
cealment of known treason. 

Misprocecd'ing, 5. an irregular proceeding. 

Misprofess', v. to profess amiss. 

Mispronoun'ce, v. to pronounce improperly. 

Mispronunciation, s. wrong pronunciation. 

Mispropo'rtion, v. to join without symmetry. 

Misproud', a. viciously proud. 

Misquota'tion, &'. an erroneous quotation. 

Misquo'te, v. to quote erroneously. 

Misra'tc, v. to make a false estimate of. 

Misreci'tal, s. a wrong recital. 

Misreci'tc, v. to recite or repeat wrong. 

Misrcck'on, v. to compute erroneously. 

Misrela'te, v. to relate inaccurately. 

Misrela'tion, s. false or inaccurate nai-rative. 

Misrcmcm'bcr, v. to remember wrongly. 

Misrepo'rt, s a false account. 



Misrepo'rt, v. to give a false account of. 
Misrepresent', v. to represent falsely. 
Misrepresenta'tion, s. a false account. 
Misrepresent'er, s. one who represents falsely. 
Misrepu'ted, a. erroneously reputed. 
Misru'le, s. tumult, disorder. 
Miss, s. error, failure, loss, harm. 
Miss, v. not to hit ; to mistake, fail, omit. 
Miss, s. a young mistress, a young lady. 
Mis'sal, s, a ritual or prayer-book. 
Missem'blancc, s. false resemblance. 
Misser've, v. to serve unfaithfully. 
Missha'pe, v. to shape ill, to deform. 
Mis'sile, a. thrown by the hand. 
Mis'sile, s. a weapon thrown by the hand. 
Mis'sion, s. a commission ; persons sent. 
Missionary, a. pertaining to missions. 
Mis'sionary, s. one sent to preach the gospel, 

and propagate religion. 
Mis'sive, a. such as may be sent ; capable of 

being conveyed : s. a letter sent. 
Misspeak', v. to speak incorrectly. 
Misspell', v. to spell wrongly. 
Misspelling, s. incorrect spelling. 
Misspend', v. to spend amiss ; to wasre. 
Misspend'er, s. one who misspends. 
Missta'te, v. to state wrongly or falsely. 
Misstate'ment, s. a wrong statement. 
Mist, s. a low thin cloud ; a tog ; dimness. 
Mista'kable, a. that may be mistaken. 
Mista'ke, v. to conceive wrongly ; to err. 
Mista'ke, s. an error ; misconception. 
Mista'ken, p. and a. misunderstood; wrong. 
Mista'kenly, ad. in a mistaken sense. 
Mista'ker, s. one who mistakes. 
Mistcach', v. to teach wrongly. 
Mistell', v. to tell erroneously. 
Mistem'per, v. to temper ill. 
Mis'ter, s. a title of address to men ( Mr. I 
Misterm', v. to term erroneously. 
Mist'ful, a. clouded as with a mist. 
Mist'ily, ad. darkly ; obscurely. 
Misti'me, v . to time wrong. 
Mist'iness, s. cloudiness, dimness. 
Mis'tion, s. the state of being mingled. 
Misti'tle, v. to call by a wrong title. 
Misthink', v. to think ill ; to think wrong. 
Mis'tletoe, s. a plant or shrub that grows on 

trees, as on the oak. It was held sacred 

by the Druids. 
Mist'like, a. resembling mist. 
Mistransla'te, v. to translate incorrectly 
Mistranslation, .?. an incorrect translation. 
Mis'tress, s. the female head of a family : a 

female teacher ; a title of address to mar- 
ried or elderly women (Mrs.) 
Mis'tress-ship, s. female rule or dominion. 
Mistrust', s. diffidence, suspicion. 
Mistrust', v. to suspect ; to doubt. 
Mistrust'ful, a. suspicious, doubting. 
Mistrust'fully, ad. with mistrust or doubt- 
Mistrustfulness, s. diffidence ; doubt. 
Mistrust'ingly, ad. with mistrust. 
Mistrust'lcss, a. confident, not suspecting. 
Mistu'ne, v. to put out of tune. 
Mist'y, a. clouded, obscure, not plain. 
Misunderstand', v. to take in a wrong sense 
Misunderstanding, s. a misconception ; a 

mistake of meaning ; a difference. 
Misu'sage, s. bad treatment ; abuse. 
Misu'se, s. wrong use, ill treatment. 
I 3 



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Misu'se, v. to treat or use improperly. 
Miswri'te, v. to write incorrectly. 
Mite. s. a small insect ; a small coin. 
Mith'ridate, s. a medicine against poison, 

named from Mithridal.es king of Pontus. 
Mitlgable, a. capable of mitigation. 
Mit'igant, a. lenient, lenitive. 
Mitigate, v. to alleviate, to assuage. 
Mitigation, s. alleviation ; abatement. 
Mit/igative, a. having power to alleviate. 
Mit/igator, s. one who mitigates. 
Mit'igatory, a. softening, assuasive. 
Mi'tru, s. a kind of episcopal crown. 
Mi'trcd, a. adorned with a mitre. 
Mittens, s. pi. gloves without fingers. 
Mit'tent, a. sending forth, emitting. 
Mit'timus, [Lat.] 5. a warrant by which a 

justice of peace sends an offender to prison. 
Mi'ty, a. swarming with mites. 
Mix, v. to mingle, to blend, to unite. 
Mix'en, s. a dunghill, a laystall. 
Mixtilin'ear, a. consisting of a line or lines, 

part straight and part curved. 
Mix'tion, s. the act of mixing ; a mixture. 
Mix'ture, s. act of mixing; things mixed. 
Miz'cn, s. the mast in the stern of a ship. 
Miz'zle, v. See Mis'le. 
Mnemon'ic, Mnemon'ical, a. assisting or 

aiding the memory. 
Mnemoni"cian, s. one skilled in mnemonics. 
Mnemonics, s. the science of the means by 

which the memory may be assisted. 
Moan, s. an audible expression of sorrow. 
Moan, v. to grieve, to deplore, to bewail. 
Moan'ful, a. lamentable; expressing sorrow. 
Moan'ful] y, ad. with lamentation. 
Moat, s. deep ditch or canal round a fort or 

castle : v. to surround with a moat. 
Mob, s. the populace, the rabble, a crowd. 
Mob, v. to scold vulgarly, to set the mob 

against, to riot. 
Mob'bish, a. like a mob ; tumultuous. 
Mob'bled, a. with the head Avrapped up as 

in a hood. 
Mob-cap, s. a plain head-dress or hood. 
Mob'ile, s. the mob ; the populace. 
Mob'ile, a. movable, restless, fickle. 
Mobility, s. the populace ; fickleness. 
Moc'cason, s. a shoe worn by the Indians. 
Mock, a. false, counterfeit, not real. 
Mock, s. mimicry, ridicule; act of contempt. 
Mock, v. to mimic, to ridicule, to tantalize. 
Moek'able, a. exposed to mockery. 
Mock'er, s. one who mocks; a scoffer. 
Mock'ery, s. ridicule, scorn, vain show. 
Mock'ing, s. contemptuous imitation. 
Mocking-bird, s. an American bird, which 

imitates the notes of other birds. 
Mockingly, ad. by way of derision. 
Mock'-Jead, Moek'-orc, s. a sulphuret of zinc. 
Mo'dal. a. relating to the form or mode. 
Modality, s. difference in mode or form. 
Mode, 5. manner, method; fashion, form, 

state, degree. 
Mod'el, s. a pattern, an example, a copy. 
Mod'el, v. to mould, to shape, to plan. 
Mod'oller, s. one who models ; a designer. 
Mod'erate, a. temperate, mild, sober. 
Mod'eiate, v. to regulate, to make moderate. 
Mod 'era rely, ad. temperately, mildly. 
Moderateness, s. state of being moderate. 



Modera'tion, s. restraint within due bounds; 

forbearance; temperance; frugality. 
Modera'tor, v. one who presides. 
Modera'torship, s. the office of a moderator. 
Modern, a. late, recent, not ancient. 
Mod'ernism, s. modern practice or idiom. 
Mod'ernize, v. to render modern, to adapt 

to modern habits or tastes. 
Mod'ernly, ad in modern times. 
Mod'erns, s. pi. persons of late times. 
Mod'est, a. diffident ; chaste ; not forward. 
Mod'estly, ad. not arrogantly; chastely. 
Mod'esty, s. diffidence : chastity. 
Mod'icum, s. a small portion, a pittance. 
Modifiable, a. that may be modified. 
Modification, s. the act of modifying. 
Modifier, s. he or that which modifies. 
Modify, v . to qualify, to vary ; to soften. 
Modillion. s. a bracket set under the cornice 

of the Corinthian and Composite orders. 
Mo'dish, a. fashionable, tasty, gay. 
Mo'dishly, ad. fashionably. 
Mo'dishness, s. affectation of the fashion. 
Mod'ulate, v. to form sounds to a certain 

key, or to certain notes. 
Modula'tion, *. an agreeable harmony. 
Mod'ulator, *. one that modulates. 
Mod'ule, s. a model or representation. 
Mo'dus, s. a compensation in lieu of tithes. 
Mogul', s. formerly the title of the emperor 

of Hindostan. 
Mo'hair, s. the hair of a kind of goat ; a 

thread or stuff made of hair. 
MoTiair-shell, s. a peculiar species of voluta. 
Moham'medan. s. See Mahometan. 
Moliawk, Mo'hoc, s. a name transferred 

from a barbarous tribe of Indians to certain 

ruffians who formerly infested the streets 

of London. 
Moi'dore, s. a Portuguese coin, value £1 7s. 
Moi'ety, s. half, one of two equal parts. 
Moil, v. to daub with dirt, to drudge, to toil. 
Moist, a. sot dry, wet, damp, juicy. 
Moist'en, v. to make moist, to damp, to wet. 
Moist'enpr, s. that which moistens. 
Moist'ness, s. dampness, wottishness. 
Moist'ure, s. a moderate degree of wetness. 
Molar, a. having power to grind ; grinding. 
Mole, s. a natural spot ; an animal. 
Mo'lecast. s. a hillock east up by a mole. 
Mo'leeatcher, s. one who catches moles. 
Mol'eeule, s. a minute particle. 
Mole-eyed. a. having very small eyes. 
Molehill, s. a hillock made by a mole. 
Molest', v. to disturb, to vex, to disquiet. 
Molcsta'tion, *. disturbance, vexation. 
Molest'er, s. one who molests. 
Molest'ful, a. vexatious; troublesome. 
Molewarp, Mould'warp, s. a mole. 
Mollient, a. softening, assuasive. 
Mol'lifiable, a. that may be softened. 
Mollifica'tion, s. the act of mollifying. 
Mollifier, s. that which softens. 
Mollify, v. to soften, to assuage, to pacify. 
Mollus'ea, s. a term applied to an order of 

animals with soft bodies, or that have no 

bones ; as snails, cockles, &c. 
Mollus'can, Mollus'cous, a. of the nature of, 

or closely resembling mollusca. 
Molos'ses, Molas'ses, s. treacle ; the spume 

or scum of the juice of the sugar-caue. 



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Mo'lten, a. melted, formed by melting. 

Moly, v. a kind of wild garlic. 

Mome, s. a dull silent person. 

Mo'ment, s. the smallest perceptible move- 
ment of time, an instant ; force ; weight ; 
importance ; value. 

Mo'mentarily, ad. every moment. 

Momentary, a. lasting but a moment. 

Momen'tous, a. important, weighty. 

Momen'tum, s. impetus, or the force or 
quantity of motion of a moving body. 

Mon'achal, a. monastic, monkish. 

Mon'achism, s. a monastic life. 

Mon'ad, s. an atom, an indivisible particle. 

Monad'ical, a. pertaining to monads. 

Monan'dria, s. a class of plants distinguished 
by having one stamen. 

Mon'arch, s. a sovereign, an emperor, a king. 

Monarchal, a. pertaining to a monarch ; 
suiting a monarch, regal. 

Mon'arehess, s. a female monarch. 

Monar'chial, a. vested in a single ruler. 

Monar'chic, Monarchical, a. vested in a 
single ruler ; pertaining to monarchy. 

Mon'archize, v. to rule over as a monarch. 

Monarchist, s. an advocate for monarchy. 

Mon'archy, s. the government of a single 
person ; a kingdom ; an empire. 

Monaste'rial, a. relating to a monastery. 

Mon'astery, s. a convent for monks. 

Monas'tic, a. pertaining to a monastery. 

Monas'tic, s. a monk, a religious recluse. 

Monas'ticism, s. monastic life. 

Monas'tically, ad. in a monkish manner. 

Mon'day, s. the second day of the week. 

Monde, [Fr.] s. the world; a circle of peo- 
ple who know and visit each other, as, 
" the beau monde." 

Mon'etary, a. relating to money. 

Mon'ey, s. stamped or coined metal ; coin. 

Mon'eybroker, s. a money-changer. 

Mon'ey-changer, s. a dealer in money. 

Mon'eyed, a. rich in money, wealthy. 

Mon'ey-lcnder, s. one who lends money. 

Mon'eyless, a. destitute of money, poor. 

Mon'ey-scrivener, s. amoney agent or broker. 

Mon'ey's-worth, s. something worth its price. 

Mon'ger, s. a trader, a dealer, a seller. 

Mon'grcl, s. an animal of a mixed breed, 
particularly a dog : a. of a mixed breed. 

Mon'ied. See Moneyed. 

Mon'ish, v. to admonish, to warn. 

Mon'isher, s. an admonisher, a monitor. 

Moni"tion, s. information, warning. 

Monito'rial, a. containing admonition; teach- 
ing by monitors. 

Mon'itive, a. conveying admonition. 

Monitor, s. one who warns of faults ; an 
adviser ; a boy appointed to teach a class 
of his school-fellows. 

Monitory, a. admonishing : 5. a warning. 

Mon'itress, s. a female monitor. 

Monk, s. one who lives in a monastery. 

Monk'ery, s. monasticism. 

Mon'key, *. an ape, a baboon ; a jackanapes. 

Monk'hood, s. the state or office of a monk. 

Monk'ish. a. monastic; pertaining to monks. 

Monk's-hood, Monk's-head, s. a plant. 

Monk's-rhu'barb, s. a plant. 

Monocar'pous, a. bearing one single fruit. 

Mono"oe;os, Mono"cerot, s . the unicorn. 



Mon'ochord, s. an instrument of one string. 

Monochromat'ic, a. of only one color. 

Monocotyl'edon, s. a plant with only one 
cotyledon or seed-lobe. 

Monoc'ular, Monoc'ulous, a. one-eyed. 

Mon'odist, 5. one who writes a monody. 

Mon'odon, s. the sea-unicorn. 

Monodramat'ic, a. relating to a monodrame. 

Mon'odrame, s. a dramatic performance by 
only one person. 

Mon'ody, s. a poem sung by one person. 

Monce'cia, s. a class of plants, having the 
stamens and pistils distinct in each. 

Monoga'mia, s. a class of plants, distinguish- 
ed by having only single flowers. 

Monog'amist, J. a stickler for monogamy. 

Monog'amy, s . a marriage of one wife only. 

Mon'ogram, s. a cipher or intermixture of 
letters in one figure. 

Mon'ogrammal, a. like a monogram. 

Monog'raphy, s. a description by one means 
only, as by lines without colors. 

Monogyn'ia, s. a class of plants distinguished 
by having only one style or stigma. 

Mon'ologue, s. a soliloquy. 

Monom'achy, s . a single combat, a duel. 

Mon'ome, Mono'mial, s. an algebraic quan- 
tity with but one name. 

Monop'athy, s. solitary suffering or sensi- 
bility. 

Monopet'alous, a. having but one flower-leaf. 

Monoph'yllous, a. having but one leaf. 

Monop'olist, s. one who monopolizes. 

Monopolize, v. to engross all of a commodity 
or business into one's own hands. 

Monop'olizer, s. a monopolist. 

Monop'oly, s. the sole privilege of selling. 

Mon'optote, s. a noun of but one case. 

Monosper'mous, a. having only a single seed 
to each flower. 

Mon'ostich, s. a composition of one verse. 

Monostroph ic, a. having but one sort of 
stanza ; not varied in measure. 

Monosyllab'ic, Monosyllab'ical, a. consisting 
of one syllable. 

Monosyllable, s. a word of one syllable. 

Mon'otheism, s. belief in only one God. 

Mon'otone, Monot'ony, j. uniformity of tone; 
want of variety in cadence. 

Monot'onous, a. wanting variety in cadence. 

Monot'onously, ad. with one uniform tone. 

Mon'sieur, [Fr.] s. Sir ; Mr. ; a gentleman. 

Monsoon', s. a periodical wind. 

Mon'ster, s. something unnatural or horrible. 

Monstrosity, s. the state of being monstrous. 

Mon'strous, a. unnatural ; shocking. 

Mon'strously, ad. in a monstrous manner. 

Mon'strousness, s. great enormity. 

Monte'ro, s. a horseman's cap. 

Month, s. a space of time, four weeks. 

Monthly, a. happening every month. 

Mon'ument, s. any thing placed as a memo- 
rial, as a tomb, pillar, or statue. 

Monumen'tal, a. pertaining to a monument 

Monumentally, ad. in memorial. 

Mood, s. a term in grammar ; disposition. 

Moodily, ad. gloomily, angrily. 

Moodiness, s. sullen displeasure ; gloom. 

Moo'dy, a. angry, out of humor; gloomy 

Moon, s. the great luminary of the night 

Moon'beam, s. a ray of lunar light. 



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Moon'calf, s. a monster ; a dolt. 
Moon'et, s. a little moon. 
Moon'-eyed, a. dim-eyed, purblind. 
Moon'-fish, s. a fish witli a horned tail. 
Moon'ish, a. like the moon ; variable. 
Moon'less, a. not illuminated by the moon. 
Moon'light, s. light afforded by the moon. 
Moon'light, a. illuminated by the moon. 
Moon'shine, s. the lustre of the moon. 
Moon'shiny, a. enlightened by the moon. 
Moon'stone, s. a kind of stone ; selenites. 
Moon'struck, a. lunatic. 
Moon-tre'foil, s. a plant. 
Moon'wort, s. a plant, satin-flower. 
Moon'y, a. like the moon, lunated. 
Moor, s. a native of Morocco. 
Moor, s. a marsh, a fen, a bog ; a waste. 
Moor, v. to fasten a ship by anchors, &c. 
Moor'cock, s. a bird found in moors. 
Moor'game, s. red game ; grouse. 
Moor'hen. s. the female of the moorcock. 
Moor'ing, s. a place where a ship anchors. 
Moor'ish, a. of or belonging to the Moors. 
Moor'ish, Moory, a. marshy, fenny. 
Moor'land, s. a marsh, watery ground. 
Moor'stone, s. a species of granite. 
Moose, s. a large American deer. 
Moot, v. to discuss, to raise a question. 
Moot-case or point, s. a disputable point. 
Moot'er, s. a disputer of a mooted case. 
Moot-hall', Moot-hou'se, s. a town-hall. 
Mop, s. a utensil to clean floors, &c. 
Mop, v. to rub or clean with a mop. 
Mope, v. to be spiritless or dull. 
Mope, s. a spiritless or stupid person. 
Mo'pe-eyed, a. short-sighted; purblind. 
Mo'pish, a. spiritless ; dejected ; dull. 
Mo'pishness, s. dejection ; inactivity. 
Mop'pet, Mop'sey, s. a puppet, a doll. 
Mor'al, a. relating to morality or morals ; 

virtuous, just : s. the morality or instruc- 
tion conveyed by a fable, &c. 
Mor'alist, s. one who practises morality. 
Moral'ity, s. doctrine of the duties of life. 
Moraliza tion, 5. explanation in a moral sense. 
Mor'alize, v. to write, &c.,'on moral subjects. 
Mor'alizer, s. one who moralizes. 
Mor'ally, ad. in a moral manner ; in the 

customary course of things ; probably. 
Mor'als, s. the practice of moral duties. 
Morass', s. a fen, a bog, a moor, a swamp. 
Moras'sy, a. marshy, fenny, moorish. 
Mora'vian, s. one of a religious sect called 

United Brethren. 
Mora'vian, a. of or belonging to Moravia ; 

pertaining to the sect called Moravians. 
Mor'bid, a. diseased, corrupted. 
Mor'bidness, s. the state of being diseased. 
Morbific, a. causing disease. 
Morbo'se, a. proceeding from disease. 
Morbos'ity, s. a diseased state. 
Morda'cious, a. biting, apt to bite. 
Morda'ciously, ad. bitingly ; sarcastically. 
Morda"city, s. a biting quality. 
Mor'dant, a. biting: s. a substance used in 

dyeing which combines with and fixes the 

colors. 
Mor'dicancy, s. a biting quality ; corrosion. 
Mer'dicant, a. biting ; acrid. 
Mordica'tion, s. the act of corroding or biting. 
More, a. in greater number or degree. 



More, ad. to a greater degree. 

Moreen', s. a kind of woollen stuff used fcs 
curtains and bed-hangings. 

Morel', s. a kind of cherry ; a plant. 

Moreo'ver, ad. more than yet mentioned. 

Mores'que, Moresk', a. done like the Moors : 
s. a painting or carving done in compart- 
ments after the Moorish manner. 

Mor'glay, s. a deadly sword or weapon. 

Mori"gerous, a. obedient, obsequious. 

Mor'il, s. a kind of mushroom. 

Motion, s. armour for the head, a casque. 

Moris'co, s. a dancer of the morris-dance. 

Morn, Morn'ing, s. first part of the day. 

Morn'ing, a. pertaining to the morning. 

Morn'ing-star, s. the planet Venus when she 
shines in the morning. 

Moroc'co, s. a fine sort of leather, (originally 
applied to leather from Morocco.) 

Moro'ne, a. of a deep crimson color. 

Mo'rose, a. cross, peevish, surly, sour. 

Moro'sely, ad. sourly ; peevishly. 

Moro'seness, s. peevishness, sourness. 

Moros'ity, s. moroseness ; peevishness. 

Mor'phew, s. a scurf on the face* 

Mor'phew, v. to cover with scurf. 

Mor'phia, s. an alkali extracted from opium. 

Mor'ris-dance, s. originally, a morisco or 
Moorish dance. 

Mor'ris-dancer, s. a dancer in the morris. 

Mor'row, s. the day following the present. 

Morse, s. an animal called the sea-horse. 

Mor'sel, s. a mouthful, a small piece. 

Mor'sure, s. the act of biting. 

Mort, $. a tune at the death of hunted game. 

Mor'tal, a. subject to death ; deadly. 

Mor'tal, s. a human being, man. 

Mortal'ity, J. the state of being subject to 
death ; death ; human nature. 

Mor'talize, ». to make mortal. 

Mor'tally, ad. irrecoverably ; deadly. 

Mor'tar, s. a cement for building ; a vessel in 
which substances are pounded with a pes- 
tle ; a bomb cannon. 

Mort'gage, s. a pledge ; property held as a 
security for money lent. 

Mort'gage, v. to pledge lands, &c. 

Mortgagee', s. one who takes a mortgage. 

Mort'gager, s. one who gives a mortgage. 

Mortif'erous, a. fatal, deadly, destructive. 

Mortification, s. the act of mortifying ; state 
of being mortified; a gangrene; humilia- 
tion ; vexation 

Mor'tifier, s. one who mortifies. 

Mor'tify, v. to gangrene ; to humiliate. 

Mor'tise, s. a hole cut in one piece of wood 
to admit the tenon of another. 

Mor'tise, v. to join with a mortise. 

Mort'main, s. an unalienable estate. 

Mor'tress, s. a dish of various meats. 

Mortuary, a. belonging to the burial of the 
dead : s. a place for the dead ; a gift left 
to the church at death. 

Mosaic, Mosa'ical, a. pertaining to Moses. 

Mosa'ic-work, s. work variegated by pebbles, 
shells, or marbles, of different colors, so 
as to resemble painting. 

Mosque, s. a Mahometan temple. 

Mosqui'to, s. a stinging fly of warm climatC3i 

Moss, s. a substance growing on trees, &c. 

Moss, v. to cover with moss. 



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Moss'-clad, a. clad or covered with moss. 

Moss'-grown, a. overgrown with moss. 

Moss'iness, s. the state of being mossy. 

Moss'-trooper, s. a bog-trotter ; a robber. 

Moss'y, a. overgrown with moss. 

Most, ad. in the greatest or highest degree. 

Most, a. greatest in number or quantity. 

Mo'stly, ad. for the most part. 

Mota'tion, s. the act of moving. 

Mote, s. a very small particle of matter. 

Motet', s. a short air in sacred music. 

Moth, s. a small insect that eats cloth. 

Moth'cat, v. to prey upon, as a moth. 

Moth'eaten, a. eaten by moths. 

Moth'er, s. a sort of mouldiness or scum on 

liquors, particularly on vinegar. 
Moth'er, s. a woman that has borne a child. 
Moth'er, a. native, as, "mother tongue." 
Moth'er, v. to adopt as a son or daughter. 
Moth'erhood, s. the state of being a mother. 
Moth'er-in-iaw, s. a husband or wife's mother. 
Moth'erless, a. having lost a mother. 
Moth'crly, a. suiting a mother ; fond. 
Moth'er] y, ad. in the manner of a mother. 
Mother-of-pearl', s. a kind of coarse pearl. 
Moth'er-wit, s. native wit ; common sense. 
Moth'er-wort, s. a herb. 
Moth'ery, a. dreggy, concreted, mouldy. 
Moth'y, a. full of moths. 
Mo'tion, s. the act of moving ; a proposal. 
Mo'tion, v. to propose ; to advise. 
Mo'tioner, s. a mover ; a proposer. 
Mo'tionlcss, a. being without motion. 
Mo'ti^e. s. that which moves a person to act. 
Mo'tive, a. having the power to move. 
Motiv'ity, s. the power of producing motion. 
Motley, a. mingled, of various colors. 
Mo'tory, a. giving motion. 
Mot'to, s. a word or sentence added to a de- 
vice, or prefixed to any thing written. 

Mould, s. mouldiness : v. to become mouldy. 

Mould, v. to model ; to shape or form. 

Mould, s. earth ; a form or shape (usually 
made of mould or clay) in which things 
arc cast or modelled. 

Mould'able, a. that may be moulded, 

Moukl'er, s. he who moulds. 

Mould'cr, v. to turn to mould or dust. 

Mould'ering, p. and a. crumbling into dust. 

Mould'iness, s. the state of being mouldy. 

Mould'ing, s. ornament in wood or stone. 

Mould'y, a. overgrown with mould. 

Moult, v. to shod or change feathers. 

Moult'ing, s. a periodical change of plumage. 

Mound, s. a rampart ; a fence. 

Mound, v. to fortify with a mound. 

Mount, s. an artificial hill ; a mountain. 

Mount, v. to ascend ; to get on horseback. 

Mount'able, a. that may be ascended. 

Moun'tain, s. a large hill. 

Moun'tain, a. growing on mountains. 

Moun'tain- blue, s. a carbonate of copper. 

Mountaineer', s. an inhabitant of a moun- 
tain ; a rustic ; a freebooter. 

Moun'tain-green, s. a carbonate of copper. 

Mouri'tainmis, a. full of mountains, hilly. 

Moun'tainousness, J. the being mountainous. 

Moun'tain-soap, s. a dark-colored mineral. 

Moun'tebank, s. a quack ; a charlatan. 

Mount'ebank, v. to cheat; to gull. 

Mount'cbankery, s. quackery ; charlatanry. 



Mount'er, s. one that mounts or ascends. 
Mount'ing, s. ascent ; embellishment. 
Mount'ingly, ad. by rising or ascending, 
Moun'ty, s. the rise of a hawk. 
Mourn, v. to grieve, to lament, to bewail. 
Mourn'er, s. one that mourns. 
Mourn'ful, a. causing sorrow, sorrowful. 
Mourn'fully, ad. with sorrow. 
Mourn'fulness, s. sorrow, grief. 
Mourn'ing, s. grief ; the dress of sorrow. 
Mourn'ingly, ad. in a mourning manner. 
Mouse, s. a small animal. 
Mouse, (moivz) v. to catch mice. 
Mou'se-ear, s. the name of a plant. 
Mou'sc-hole, s. a hole made by mice. 
Mou'ser, s. one that catches mice, a cat. 
Mou'se-tail, s. the name of a plant. 
Mou'setrap, s. a trap to catch mice with. 
Mouth, s. the aperture in the head at which 

food is received ; an entrance, &c. 
Mouth, (mowthe) v. to speak mouthingly and 

affectedly, to grumble or mouth at. 
Mouth'-friend, s. a pretended friend. 
Mouth'ful, s. what the mouth can hold. 
Mouth'-honor, s. insincere civility. 
Mouth'ing, s. utterance with affected fulness 

of sound ; loud pompous delivery. 
Mouth'less, a. being without a mouth. 
Mouth'-piece, s. the part of a wind instru- 
ment to which the mouth is applied ; one 
who delivers the sentiments of others. 
Mov'able, a. that may be moved. 
Mov'ableness, s. state of being movable. 
Mov'ables, s.pl. personal goods, furniture. 
Mo/ably, ad. so as it may be moved. 
Move, s. the act of moving ; change of situ- 
ation ; a term used at chess. 
Move, v. to put in motion, to impel ; to pro- 
pose ; to change place ; to stir up, to excite. 
Mov'eless, a. fixed, unmoved. 
Move'ment, s. motion ; manner of moving. 
Mo'vent, a. moving ; not quiescent : s. that 

which moves any thing. 
Mov'er, s. that which moves ; a proposer. 
Mov'ing, a. affecting, pathetic. 
Mov'ingly, ad. pathetically. 
Mov'ingness, s. power of moving the passions. 
Mow, v. to make mouths at. 
Mow, s. a heap of hay or corn. 
Mow, v. to cut with a scythe. 
Mow'er, s. one who cuts with a scythe. 
Mow'ing, s. the act of cutting with a scythe. 
Mow'burn, v. to ferment in the mow. 
Mox'a, 5. an Indian moss. 
Much, a. great in quantity, long in time : 
ad. in or to a great degree, by far; often : 
s. a great deal. 
Mu'cid-acid, s. an acid obtained from gums. 
Mu'cid, a. slimy, viscous. 
Mu'cidncss, s. sliminess, mustiness. 
Mu'cilage, s. a slimy or viscous mass. 
Mucila"ginous, a. slimy, viscous, ropy. _ 
Mucila"ginousness, s. sliminess; viscosity. 
Muck, s. clung ; any thing filthy. 
Muck, v. to manure with dung. 
Muck'er, v. to get or save meanly. 
Muck'heap, Muck'hill, s. a dunghill. 
Muck'incss, s. nastiness, filth, dirtiness. 
Muck'worm, s. a worm bred in dung ; a cut- 

mudgcon ; a miser. 
Muck'y, a. nasty, filthy, dirty. 



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MUN 



Mu'cous, a. slimy, viscous. 
Mu'cousness, s. the state of being mucous. 
Mu'cronated, a. narrowed to a sharp point. 
Mu'culent, a. mucous, slimy, viscous, moist. 
Mu'cus, ■?. a viscous or slimy fluid. 
Mud, s. moist and soft earth, mire. 
Mud, v. to bury in mud, to bespatter. 
Mud'diiy, ad. in a muddy manner. 
Mud'diness, s. the state of being muddy. 
Mud'dle, v. to make muddy or confused. 
Mud'dled, a. half drunk ; stupified. 
Mud'dy, a. foul with mud ; confused. 
Mud'dy, v. to make muddy. 
Mud'dy-headed, a. thick-skulled, dull. 
Mud'sucker, s. a sea-fowl. 
Mud'-wall, s. a wall built with mud. 
Mud'-walled, a. having a mud-wall. 
Mud'wort, s. the name of a plant. 
Muff, *. a cover of fur for the hands. 
Muffin, s. a kind of light spungy cake. 
Muffle, v. to wrap up, to conceal. 
Muffler, s. a cover for the face. 
Mufti, s. the Mahometan high priest. 
Mug, s. a cup to drink out of. 
Mug'gish, Mug'gy, a. moist, damp, close. 
Muggleto'nian, s. a follower of one Muggle- 

ton, a journeyman tailor, who about the 

year 1657 set up for a prophet. 
Mug'house, j. an alehouse. 
Mu'gient, a. lowing or bellowing. 
Mu'gil, s. a fish, the mullet. 
Mug'woii, j. the name of a plant. 
Mulat'to, s. one born of parents of whom 

the one is black, and the other white. 
Mul'berry, s. a tree and its fruit. 
Mulct, v. to punish by fine or forfeiture. 
Mulct, s. a penalty, a pecuniary fine. 
Mulc'tuary, a. punishing with fine. ■ 
Mule, a. an animal generated between a 

horse and an ass, or an ass and a mare. 
Muleteer', s. a mule-driver. 
Mulieb'rity, s. womanhood ; effeminacy. 
Mu'lish, a. obstinate as a mule. 
Mull, v. to soften ; to heat and sweeten 

wine, &c. : s. a kind of Scottish snuff-box. 
Mul'ler, s. a grin ding-stone for colors. 
Mullet, s. a sea-fish. 
Mullagataw'ny, s. an Indian curry soup ; a 

soup highly seasoned with pepper, &c. 
Mulligrubs, s. (a low word) a twisting of the 

intestines; an attack of the sullens. 
Mul'lion, s. a division in a window-frame : 

v. to shape into divisions in a window. 
Mulse, s. boiled wine mixed with honey. 
Multan'gular, a. having many corners. 
Multan'gularly, ad. with many corners. 
Multicap'sular, a. having many capsules. 
Multica'vous, a. full of holes or cavities. 
Multifa'rious, a. having great diversity. 
Multifa'riously, ad. with multiplicity. 
Multifariousness, s. multiplied diversity. 
Multif idous, a. having many divisions. 
Mul'tiform, a. having various shapes. 
Multiformity, s. diversity of shapes. 
Multigen'erous, a. having many kinds. 
Multij'ugous, a. consisting of many pairs. 
Multilateral, a. having many sides. 
Multilin'eal, a. having many lines. 
Multilobular, a. having many cells. 
Multino'mial, a. having many names. 
Multip'arous, a. having many at a birth. 



Mul'tipede, s. an insect with many feet. 

Mul'tiple, s. a number that exactly contains 
another number several times. 

Mul'tiple, a. containing many times. 

Mul'tiplex, a. consisting of many folds. 

Mul'tipliable, Mul'tiplicable, a. capable of 
being arithmetically multiplied. 

Multipli'ableness, *. the being multipliable. 

Multiplicand', j. the number to be multiplied. 

Mul'tiplicate, a. consisting of many. 

Multiplication, s. the act of multiplying. 

Mui'tiplicative, a. tending to multiph . 

Multiplica'tor, s. the number by which an- 
other number is multiplied. 

Multiplicity, s. a great variety. 

Multiplier, s. one who or that which multi- 
plies ; the multiplicator. 

Mul'tiply, v. to increase in number. 

Multip'otent, a. having manifold power. 

Multipres'cnce, s. the power or act of being 
present in many places at once. 

Multisillquous, a. having many pods. 

Multis'onous, a. having many sounds. 

Multisyllable, s. a word of many syllables. 

Mul'titude, s. many ; a crowd or throng. 

Multitu'dinous, a. consisting of very many. 

Mul'tivalve, a. having many valves: s. an 
animal with a shell of many valves. 

Multivalvular, a. having many valves. 

Multoc'ular, a. having many eyes. 

Mul'ture, s. a toll for grinding corn. 

Mum, int. hush ! silence ! a. silent. 

Mum, s. ale brewed with wheat. 

Mum'ble, v. to mutter; to chew, 

Mum'blcr, s. a muttcrer, a slow speaker. 

Mum'blingly, ad. with inarticulate utterance. 

Mum'chance, s. silence ; a game with dice. 

Mumm, v. to mask ; to act in disguise. 

Mum'mer, s. a masker, a player. 

Mum'mery, j. low sport ; buffoonery. 

Mummify', v. to preserve as a mummy. 

xvlum'my, s. a dead body preserved by the 
Egyptian art of embalming. 

Mump, v. to nibble or bite quickly ; to chew 
or move the jaws quickly ; to talk low and 
quick ; to beg ; to play a beggar's trick, to 
cheat, to deceive. 

Mump'er, s. a beggar in cant language. 

Mumping, s. begging tricks. 

Mumpish, a. sullen, obstinate. 

Mumps, s. sullenness, silent anger; a dis- 
ease of the throat, the quinsy. 

Munch, Mounch, v. to chew eagerly. 

Munch'er, s. one that munches. 

Mun'dane, a. belonging to the world. 

Munda'tion, s. the act of cleansing. 

Mun'datory, a. of power to cleanse. 

Mun'dic, s. a kind of mineral. 

Mundificalion, s. cleansing as from dross. 

Mundif Icative, s. a medicine to cleanse. 

Mundif Icative, a. having power to cleanse. 

Mun'dify, v. to cleanse, to make clean. 

Mundun'gus,*. stinking tobacco (a cant word.) 

Mu'nerary, a. belonging to a gift. 

Mu'nerato. See Remunerate. 

Muiicra'tion. See Remuneration. 

Mun'grel. Sec Mongrel. 

Muni"cipal, a. belonging to a corporation. 

Municipality, s. a district or division. 

Munificence, s. liberality, generosity. 

Munificent, a. bountiful, liberal, generous. 



MUN 



183 



MYE 



Munificently, ad. liberally, generously. 
Mu'niment, s. a fortification; a support. 
Muni"tion, s. fortification ; ammunition. 
Mu'rage, s. a toll paid for repairing walls. 
Mu'ral, a. pertaining to a wall. 
Mur'der, s. the act of killing unlawfully. 
Mur'der. v. to kill tmlawfully ; to destroy. 
Mur'derer, s. one who kills unlawfully. 
Mur'dress, s. she who commits murder. 
Mur'derous, a. Moody, guilty of murder. 
Mur'derously, ad. in a murderous manner. 
Mure, v. to enclose within a wall. 
Mu'riated, a. made salt, put in brine. 
Muriafic, a. having the nature of brine. 
Mu'ricated, a. full of sharp points. 
Mu'rine, a. of or pertaining to mice. 
Murk, s. darkness ; cloudiness. 
Mur'ky, a. dark, cloudy, wanting light 
Mur'mur, v. to grumble, to mutter. 
Mur'mur, s. a complaint, a grumbling. 
Mur'murer, *. a grumbler, a repiner. 
Mur'muring, s. a low sound ; a confused 

noise ; complaint half suppressed. 
Mur'muringiy, ad. complainingly. 
Mur'murous, a. exciting murmur. 
Mur'rain, s. a plague amongst cattle. 
Mur'rey, a. of a dark red color. 
Mur'rhine, s a delicate kind of porcelain. 
Mur'rion. See Morion. 
Mus'cadel, Mus'cadine, s. sweet grapes, and 

the wine produced from them. 
Mus'cle, s. a fleshy fibre ; a shell-fish. 
Muscos'ity, s. mossiness. 
Muscova'do, s. unrefined sugar. 
Mus'covy-duck, s. the musk-duck. 
Mus'cular, a. full of muscles, brawny; rela- 
ting to, or performed by muscles. 
Muscularity, s. the state of being muscular. 
Mus'culous, a. muscular ; brawny. 
Mu'seless, a. disregarding poetry. 
Mush'room -stone, s. a fossil stone. 
Mu'sic-book, s. a book containing tunes. 
Muse, s. the power of poetry ; deep thought. 
Muse, v. to ponder on ; to think on with 

wonder ; to be in a reverie. 
Mu'seful, a. silently thoughtful. 
Mu'ser, s. one apt to be absent of mind. 
Muse'um, 5. a repository of curiosities. 
Mush'room, s. a spungy plant ; an upstart 
Mu'sic, s. the science of sounds, harmony. 
Mu'sical, a. harmonious, sweet-sounding. 
Mu'sically, ad. harmoniously, sweetly. 
Mu'sicalness, s. the being musical. 
Musi"cian, .«. one skilled in music. 
Mu'sic-master, s. one who teaches music. 
Mu'sing, s. meditation ; contemplation. 
Musk, .1. a kind of mo3s, a mossy flower ; the 

grape flower. 
Musk, s. a strong perfume ; the name of the 

animal from which it is procured : v. to 

perfume with musk. 
Musk'apple, s. a kind of apple. 
Musk'cat. s. the animal called a musk. 
Musk'chcrry, s. a sort of cherry. 
Mus'ket, s. a soldier's hand -gun ; a hawk. 
Musketeer', .?. a soldier armed with a musket. 
Musketoon', s. a blunderbuss, a short gun. 
Mus'ketry, s. muskets, or musketeers col- 
lectively. 
Musk'incss, x. the scent of musk. 
Musk'melon, s. a fragrant melon. 



Musk'-ox, s. a species of ox. 
Musk'-pear ;< s. a fragrant kind of pear. 
Musk'rose, i. a fragrant rose so called. 
Musk'rat, s. a small American animal. 
Musk'-seed, s. the name of a plant. 
Musk'wood, s. the name of a plant. 

Musk'y, a. smelling of musk ; perfumed. 

Mus'lin, s. fine stuff made of cotton. 

Mus'sel, Mus'cle, s. a bivalve shell-fish. 

Mus'sulman, s. a Mahometan believer. 

Must, v. to be obliged. 

Must, v. to make or grow mouldy. 

Mustache, pi. Musta'ches, s. the hair left to 
grow on the upper lip ; whiskers. 

Mus'tard, s. a plant and its seed. 

Mus'ter, v. to assemble ; to collect for review. 

Mus'ter, *. a review of forces ; a collection. 

Mus'ter-book, s. a book in which forces are 
registered. 

Mus'ter-master, s. one who superintends, and 
keeps an account of the muster. 

Mus'ter-roll, s. a register of forces. 

Mus'tiness, s. mouldiness ; damp ; foulness. 

Mus'ty, a. mouldy, spoiled with damp. 

Mutabil'ity, s. changeableness, inconstancy. 

Mu'table, a. subject to change ; inconstant, 
unsettled. 

Mu'tableness, s. uncertainty ; instability, 

Muta'tion, s. the act of changing ; change. 

Mute, a. silent, dumb, not vocal. 

Mute, s. one that has no power of speech. 

Mute, v. to dung as birds. 

Mute, Mu'ting, s. the dung of birds. 

Mu'tely, ad. silently; not vocally. 

Mu'teness, s. silence ; aversion to speak. 

Mu'tilate, v. to maim, to cut off. 

Mu'tilated, a. maimed ; defective. 

Mutila'tion, *. the act of mutilating. 

Mu'tilator, s. one that mutilates. 

Mutineer', s. a mover of mutiny. 

Mu'tinous, a. seditious, tumultuous. 

Mu'tinously, ad. in a mutinous manner 

Mu'tinousness, s. disposition to mutiny. 

Mu'tiny, J. an insurrection of seamen or sol- 
diers against their officers : v. to riso 
against authority. 

Mut'ter, v. to grumble, to utter imperfectly 

Mut'ter, s. murmur ; indistinct utterance. 

Mut'terer, s. a grumbler, a murmurer. 

Mut'tering, s. utterance of a low voice. 

Mut'teringly, ad. in a muttering manner 

Mut'ton, s. the flesh of sheep, a sheep. 

Mut'ton-jist, s. a hand large and red. 

Mu'tual, a. reciprocal, acting in return. 

Mutual'ity, s. reciprocation, interchange. 

Mu'tually, ad. reciprocally, in return. 

Mutua'tion, s. the act of borrowing. 

Muz'zle, s. the mouth of any thing ; a fas- 
tening for the mouth to prevent biting. 

Muzzle, v. to bind the mouth ; to restrain 
a person from doing any harm 

My, pr.pos. belonging to me. 

Mynheor', s. Sir, My Lord or Master, among 
the Dutch ; among us, a Dutchman. 

Myol'ogy. s. the doctrine of the muscles. 

My'ope. s, a short-sighted person. 

My'o*py, s. shortness of sight. 

Myr'iad, *•. the number of ten thousand ; a 
largo number indefinitely. 

Myr'midon, s. (one of Achilles' troops or 
followers) any rude follower or ruffian. 



MYE, 



184 



NAT 



Myrob'alan, s. a kind of dried East Indian 
fruit, used in medicine. 

Myrrh, s. a strong aromatic gum. 

Myrrh'ine, a. belonging to myrrh. 

Myr'tle, s. a fragrant kind of shrub or tree ; 
it was anciently held sacred to Venus. 

Mvr'tleberry, s. the fruit of the myrtle. 

Myself. See I and Self. 

Myste'rial, a. containing a mystery. 

Mysto'rious, a. full of mystery; very strange. 

Myste'riously, ad. in a mysterious manner. 

Mysteriousness, s. the being mysterious. 

Mys'terize, v. to turn to enigmas. 

Mys'tery, s. something secret or inexplica- 
ble ; an enigma. 

Mys'tic, *. one of a sect of fanatics. 

Mys'tic, Mys'tical, a. sacredly obscure, secret, 
dark ; involving some hidden meaning. 

Mys'tically, ad. in a mystic manner. 

Mys'ticalness, s. the state of being mystical. 

Mys'ticism, s. the doctrine of the Mystics. 

Mystification, s. the act of mystifying. 

Mys'tify, v. to render obscure or perplexing. 

Myth'ic, Myth'ical, a. fabulous. 

Mytbolo"gical, a. relating to mythology. 

Mytholo"gically, ad. in the form of fables. 

Mythol'ogist, s. an explainer of fables. 

Mythol'ogize, v. to relate or explain the 
fabulous history of the heathens. 

Mythol'ogy, s. a system of fables ; explica- 
tion of the fabulous history of heathen gods. 

Myx'on, s. a fish of the mullet kind. 

N. 

Nab, v. to catch unexpectedly, 

Na'bob, s. the title of an East Indian prince ; 
a name given to one who has acquired a 
great fortuno in India. 

Na'cre, s. mother-of-pearl. 

Na'creous, a. having a pearly lustre. 

Na'dir, s. the point opposite to the zenith. 

Nag, s. a small or young horse. 

Nai'ad, s. a water-nymph. 

Nail, s. the horny substance at the ends of 
the fingers and toes ; the talons of a bird ; 
the claws of a beast; a piece of metal by 
which things are fastened ; the sixteenth 
part of a yard ; a stud. 

Nail, v. to fasten with nails. 

Nail'er, s. a maker of nails. 

Nail'ery, s. a manufactory for nails. 

Na'ively, ad. with native simplicity. 

Naivete, [Fr.] s. simplicity; ingenuousness. 

Na'ked, a. uncovered, bare ; unarmed, de- 
fenceless ; unconcealed, plain, mere. 

Na'kedly, ad. without covering, merely. 

Na'kednoss, s. a want of covering ; bareness. 

Nam'bypamby, a. contemptible by pretti- 
nesses ; effeminate. 

Name, s. an appellation ; reputation, fame. 

Name, v. to give a name to, to mention by 
name, to specify, to nominate. 

Na'meless, a. without a name ; unknown. 

Na'mely, ad. particularly, specially. 

Na'mesake, s. one who has the same name. 

Nankeen', 5. a kind of cotton cloth, origin- 
ally brought from Nankin in China. 

Nap, s. a short sleep : v. to take a short sleep. 

Nap, s. the down or villous substance on 
cloth ; the downy substance on plants. 

Nape, s. the joint of the neck behind. 



Nap'ery, s. linen for the table. 

Naph'tha, s. an unctuous mineral acid of the 
bituminous kind, very inflammable. 

Nap'kin, s. a cloth to wipe the hands, &c. 

Nap'less, a. threadbare, wanting nap. 

Nap'py, a. having much nap; frothy, spumy, 

Nareis'sus, s. the daffodil flower. 

Narco'sis, s. stupefaction ; privation of sense. 

Narcot'ic, a. causing torpor or stupefaction. 

Narcot'ic, s. a drug producing sleep. 

Narcot'ically, ad. by producing torpor. 

Nar'cotine, s. the narcotic principle of opium. 

Nard, s. an odorous shrub ; an ointment. 

Nar'dine, a. pertaining to nard. 

Narra'te, v. to relate ; to tell. 

Narra'tion, s. the act of narrating; an ac- 
count, a narrative. 

Nar'rative, a. giving an account, relating or 
telling : s. an account, a narration. 

Nar'ratively, ad. by way of relation. 

Narra'tor, s. a relater, a teller, an historian. 

Nar'ratory, a. giving an account of events. 

Nar'row, a. of small breadth ; near, covetous. 

Nar'row, v. to make or grow narrow. 

Nar'rovly, ad. contractedly ; nearly. 

Nar'rowminded, a. stingy, mean-spirited. 

Nar'rowness, s. want of breadth ; meanness. 

Nar'whale, s. a kind of whale. 

Na'sal, a. pertaining to the nose ; snuffling. 

Nas'ccnt, a. growing, increasing. 

Nasicor'nous, a. having a horn ou the nose, 

Nas'iform, a. shaped like a nose. 

Nas'tily, ad. dirtily, filthily, grossly. 

Nas'tincss, s. dirtiness, filth, obscenity. 

Nastur'tium, s. the name of a plant. 

Nas'ty, a. dirty, filthy, sordid, obscene. 

Na'tal, a. relating to nativity ; native. 

Natali"tious, a. relating to a birth-day. 

Na'tant, a. (in botany/ swimming. 

Nata'tion, s. the act of swimming. 

Na'tatory, a. enabling to swim. 

Nath'less, ad. nevertheless. 

Na'tion, a. a people distinct from others. 

Na"tional, a. relating to a nation, public. 

Nationality, s. national character. 

Nationalize, v. to make national. 

Nationally, ad. with regard, to the nation. 

Na'tive, a. natural, not artificial, original : 
*. one born in a place or country. 

Na'tively, ad. naturally; not artificially. 

Na'tiveness, s. the state of being native. 

Nativ'ity, s. birth; state or place of birth. 

Na'tron, 5. a substance more commonly soda, 
originally from Lake Natrum in Egypt. 

Nat'ural, a. produced by nature; tender, 
unaffected; illegitimate: s. an idiot. 

Nat'ural ism, s. mere state of nature. 

Nat'uralist, j. one skilled in natural history. 

Naturaliza'tion, s. the admission of a for- 
eigner to the privileges of a native. 

Nat'uralize, v. to invest with the privileges 
of native subjects ; to adopt. 

Nat'urally, ad. unaffectedly; spontaneously. 

Nat'uralness, s. the state of being natural. 

Nat'urals, s. pi. whatever belongs naturally 
to animals — opposed to Non-naturals. 

Na'ture, s. the system of the world, or the 
assemblage of all created beings; the re- 
gular course of things ; native state of any 
thing; disposition of mind; compass ut 
natural existence ; species or sort. 



NAU 



185 



NEG 



Nau'frage, s. shipwreck. 

Nau'fragous, a. causing shipwreck. 

Naught, a. bad, corrupt : s. nothing. 

Nau'ghtily, ad. wickedly, corruptly, basely. 

Nau'ghtiness, s. badness, wickedness. 

Nau'ghty, a. bad, wicked, corrupt, viciou3. 

Nau'machy, s. a mock sea-fight. 

Nau'sea, s. a propensity to vomit ; disgust. 

Nau'seant, a. creating nausea. 

Nau'seate, v. to grow squeamish, to loathe. 

Nau'seous, a. loathsome, disgustful. 

Nau'seously, ad. loathsomely, disgustfully. 

Nau'seousness, s. loathsomeness. 

Nau'tic, Nau'tical, a. pertaining to sh ips or 

navigation. 
Nau'tilite, s. a fossil nautilus. 
Nau'tilus, s. a shell-fish furnished with 

something resembling a sail. 
Na'val, a. consisting of, or relating to ships. 
Nave, s. the middle part of a church ; the 

middle part of a wheel. 
Na'vel, s. the central part of the abdomen. 
Na'vel-gall, s. a bruise on a horse's back. 
Na'vel-string, s. the umbilical cord. 
Na'vel-wort, s. the name of a plant. 
Navic'ular, a. resembling a' small ship. 
Nav'igable, a. passable by ships or boats. 
Navigableness, s. the being navigable. 
Nav'igate, v. to sail over or on ■ to steer or 

direct a ship. 
Navigation, s. the act of navigating ; the art 

of conducting a ship at sea. 
Nav'igator, s. a seaman, a traveller by water. 
Na'vy, s. a company of ships of war, a fleet. 
Nay, ad. no ; not only so : s. denial. 
Naz'arite, *. a Jew professing extraordinary 

purity of life and devotion. 
Naze, s. a headland, a promontory. 
Neal, v. to be tempered in fire 
Neap, a. low, scanty : s. a neap-tide. 
Neapolitan, a. belonging to Naples : s. a 

native of the kingdom of Naples. 
Neap'-tides, s. low tides in the second and 
fourth quarters of the moon ; opposed to 
Spring-tides at the new and full moon. 
Near, a. close, not distant ; parsimonious : 
v . to approach ; to draw near : ad. at hand. 
Nearly, ad. closely ; meanly. 
Near'ness, s. closeness ; niggardliness. 
Neat, a. elegant, clean, pure. 
Neat, s. black cattle, oxen. 
Neat'herd, s. a cow-keeper. 

Neat'ly, ad. cleanlily, trimly. 

Neat'ness, s. cleanliness, spruceness. 

Neb, s. the bill or beak of a bird ; the nose. 

Neb'ula, s. [Lat.] a little cloud ; a cluster 
of stars not separately distinguishable. 

Nebulos'ity, s. the being cloudy or hazy. 

Neb'ulous, Neb'ulose, a. misty, cloudy. 

Ne"cessaries, s. pi. things necessary or need- 
ful for human life. 

Ne"cessarily. ad. indispensably, inevitably. 

Ne"cessariness, s. the state of being necessary. 

Ne"cessary, a. needful, unavoidable : s. any 
thing necessary ; a privy. 

Necessita'rian, s. one denying free agency. 

Neces'sitate, v. to make it necessary for. 

Necessitated, p. and a. forced, in want. 

Necessita'tion, 5. the making necessary. 

Neces'sitied, a. in a state of want. 

Necessitous, a. in want, needy, poor. 



; sitousness, s. extreme want. 
Neces'situde, s. want, need, poverty. 
Neces'sity, s. compulsion ; fatality ; indist- 

pensableness ; want, poverty. 
Neck, s. part of the body ; a narrow part. 
Neck'cloth, s. a cravat. 
Neck'erchief, s. a handkerchief worn on the 

neck of a woman ; a neckcloth. 
Neck'lace, s. a woman's neck ornament. 
Neck'land, s. a narrow part of land. 
Nec'romancer, s. a conjurer, a wizard. 
Nec'romancy, s. the art of revealing future 

events by communicating with the dead. 
Necroman'tic, a. relating to necromancy. 
Necroman'tically, ad. by conjuration. 
Nec'tar, s. the fabled drink of the gods. 
Necta'rean, Necta'reous, Nec'tarous, Nec'ta- 

rine, a. sweet as nectar ; like nectar. 
Nec'tared, a. mingled with nectar. 
Nec'tarine, s. a variety of the peach. 
Nec'tarize, v. to sweeten. 
Nec'tary, s. the melliferous part of a flower. 
Need, Need'iness, s. exigency, want. 
Need, v. to want, to lack, to be necessitated. 
Need'ful, a. indispensably requisite. 
Need'fully, ad. necessarily, 
Need'fulness, s. necessity. 
Need'ily, ad. in poverty ; poorly. 
Nee'dle, s. a small pointed instrument for 

sewing ; the small steel pointer in the 

mariner's compass. 
Nee'dle-fish, s. a kind of sea-fish. 
Nee'dlemaker, s. one who makes needles. 
Need'less, a. unnecessary, not requisite. 
Need'lessly, ad. unnecessarily; without need. 
Need'lessness, s. unnecessariness. 
Nee'dlework, s. work done with a needle. 
Needs, ad. indispensably, inevitably. 
Need'y, a. distressed by want, poor. 
Nefan'dous, a. not to be named ; abominable. 
Nefa'rious, a. heinous, wicked, abominable. 
Nefa'riously, ad. abominably ; wickedly. 
Nega'tion, ,?. denial; contrary to affirmation. 
Neg'ative, s. a word or proposition that 

denies : v. to dismiss by negation. 
Neg'atively, ad. in the form of denial. 
Neg'atory, a. belonging to negation. 
Neglect', v. to omit by carelessness, to slight. 
Neglect', s. inattention, negligence. 
Neglec'ter, s. one who neglects. 
Neglect'ful, a. heedless, careless, inattentive. 
Neglect'fully, ad. with heedless inattention. 
Neglect'ingly, ad. inattentively. 
Neglect'ive, a. inattentive to ; regardless of. 
Negligee', [Fr.] s. a sort of loose dress. 
Neg'ligence, s. remissness, carelessness. 
Negligent, a. careless, heedless, inattentive. 
Negligently, ad. carelessly, heedlessly. 
Negotiabil'ity, 5. the being negotiable. 
Nego'tiable, a. that may be negotiated. 
Nego'tiant, s. one who negotiates. 
Nego'tiate, v. to traffic, to treat with. 
Nego'tiating, a. trading, managing. 
Negotiation, s. the act of negotiating ; the 

matter negotiated ; a treaty, business. 
Nego'tiator, s. one who negotiates. 
Nego'tiatory, a. relating to negotiation. 
Ne'gress, s. a female negro. 
Ne'gro, s. a blaokamoor. 
Ne'gus, s. a mixture of wine, water, sugar, 
nutmeg, and lemon. 



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Neigh, s. the voice of a horse : v. to make a 
noise like a horse 

Neigh'bour, s. one who lives near another. 

Neigh'bour, v. to adjoin ; to bo near. 

Neighbourhood, s. the places adjoining. 

Neighbouring, a. adjoining ; being near. 

Neighbourliness, s. the being neighbourly. 

Neighbourly, a. friendly, civil, kind. 

Neighbourly, ad. acting like a neighbour. 

Neighbourship, s. state of being neighbours. 

Nei'ther, conj. not either, no one. 

Nem'oious, Nem'oral, a. woody. 

Nen'uphar, s. the water-lily or water-rose. 

Neol'ogy, s. invention of new words. 

Ne'ophyte, 5. oue regenerated ; a convert. 

Neoter'ic, Neoterlcal, a. new, modeix, re- 
cent in origin, late. 

Neoter'ic, s. one of modern times. 

Nepen'the, J. a drug that drives away pain. 

Neph'ew, s. the son of a brother or sister. 

Nephrit'ic, a. pertaining to the kidneys : s. 
a medicine for the stone. 

Nephri'tis, s. inflammation of the kidneys. 

Nep'otism, s. a fondness for nephews ; favo- 
ritism shown to relations. 

Neptu'nian, a. pertaining to the ocean. 

Neptu'nian, Nep'tunist, s. one who, in op- 
position to the Platonic theory, holds, that 
the substances of the globe were formed 
by aqueous solution. 

Ne'reid, s. a sea-nymph. 

Nerve, s. one of the organs of sensation and 
motion which pass from the brain to all 
parts of the body ; a sinew ; strength, 
courage. 

Nerve, v . to strengthen. 

Nerveless, a. without strength or vigour. 

Nei'vine, s. a medicine for the nerves. 

Ner'vhie, a. relating to the nerves. 

Ner'vous, a. relating to the nerves ; sinewy, 
vigorous ; having weak nerves. 

Nervously, ad. in a nervous manner. 

Nervousness, s. vigour ; strength. 

Ner'vy, a. strong, vigorous. 

Nes'cience, s. the state of not knowing. 

Ness, s. a point of land running into the 
sea ; a promontory. 

Nest, s. a bed or place in which biids build 
and hatch their young ; an abode ; a 
warm, snug habitation ; a number of re- 
ceptacles or drawers. 

Nest, v. to build nests. 

Nest'egg, s. an egg left in the nest 

Nes'tle, v. to settle, to lie close, to cherish. 

Nestling, s. a bird just hatched. 

Net, s. a texture woven with interstices, for 
catching fish, birds, &c. : v. to knit a net. 

Net, a. pure ; clear ; genuine : v. to bring 
as clear produce. 

Neth'er, a. lower, not upper ; infernal. 

Neth'ermost, a. lowest. 

Net'ting, s. a piece of network. 

Net'tle, s. a common stinging herb. 

Net'tle, v. to vex, to provoke, to irritate. 

Net'tler, s. one who provokes. 

Net'tle-tree, s . a tree with pointed leaves. 

Net'work, s. a work in the form of a net. 

Neurol'ogy, s. a description of the nerves. 

Neu'rospast, s. a puppet, an automaton. 

Neurotic, s. a medicine for the nerves. 

Neurotic, a. good for the nerves. 



Neurot'omist, 5. a dissector of the nerves 

Neurot'omy, s. the anatomy of the nerves. 

Neu'ter, Neu'tral, a. of neither party. 

Neu'tral, Neutralist, s. one who does not act 
or engage on either side. 

Neutrality, s. the state of being neutral. 

Neutralization, s. the act of neutralizing. 

Neu'tralize, v. to render neutral. 

Neu'tralizer, s. that which neutralizes. 

Neutralizing, a. rendering neutral. 

Neu'trally, ad. indifferently ; on neither part. 

Nev'er, ad. not ever, at no time. 

Nevertheless', ad. notwithstanding that. 

New, a. fresh, modern, not ancient. 

Newfan'gled, a. formed with a ridiculous 
affectation of novelty. 

Newfangledness, s. foolish love of novelty. 

Newfashloned, a. lately come into fashion. 

Newish, a. somewhat new ; nearly new 

Newly, ad. lately, freshly. 

New-mod'el, v. to give a new form to. 

New-mod'clled, a. formed after a new model. 

New'ness, s. freshness, recentness, lateness. 

News, s. fresh accounts of transactions. 

News'monger, s. one who retails news. 

News'paper, s. a chronicle of passing events. 

Newt, s. an eft, a small lizard. 

Newto'nian,a. pertaining to Sir Isaac Newton : 
s. a follower of Newton in philosophy. 

Next, a. nearest in place or gradation. 

Next, ad. immediately succeeding. 

Nib, s. a point of a pen ; the bill of a bird. 

Nil/bed, a. having a nib. 

Nib'ble, v. to bite at, as a fish does bait; to 
bite by little at a time ; to carp at, or find 
fault with. 

Nib'ble, s. an attempt to bite at. 

Nib'bler, s. one that bites by little at a time. 

Nice, a. accurate, scrupulous, delicate. 

Ni'cely, ad. accurately, minutely, delicately. 

Ni'cene, a. pertaining to the town of Nice. 

Ni'ceness, s. accuracy ; minute exactness. 

Ni'cety, *. minute accuracy; punctilious 
discrimination ; effeminate softness ; a 
dainty morsel. 

Niche, s. a hollow to place a statue in. 

Nick, s. a notch ; a score, a reckoning ; ex- 
act point of time. 

Nick, v. to cut in notches ; to hit. 

Nick'el, s. a hard malleable, ssmi-metal. 

Nickname, s. an appellation given in con- 
tempt : v. to give a name in contempt. 

Nico'tian, a. pertaining to tobacco. 

Nic'tate, v. to wink. 

Nicta'tion, s. a twinkling of the eye. 

Nid'gct, s. a coward ; a trifler. 

Nidificate, v. to make a nest. 

Nidifiealion, s. the act of building nests. 

Nidoroslty, s. eructation with the taste of 
undigested roast meat. 

Ni'dorous, a. having the smell of roast fat. 

Nid'ulate, v. to build a nest. 

Nidula'tion, s. time of remaining in the nest. 

Niece, s. the daughter of a brother or sister. 

Nig'gard, s. a sordid covetous person. 

Nig'gard, a. sordid, parsimonious. 

Nig'gardish, a. somewhat niggardly. 

Nig'gard] iness, s. sordid parsimony. 

Nig'gardly, ad. avariciously, meanly. 

Niggle, v. to play or trifle with. 

Nigh, a. near to ; allied closely by blood. 



NIG 



167 



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Nigh, v. to come near to ; to touch 
Nigh, Nigh'ly, ad. nearly, within a little. 
Night. 5. time from sunset to sunrise. 
Nightf-bird, s. any bird that flies only by 

night, an owl. 
Night'born, a. produced in darkness. 
Night'cap, s. a cap worn in bed. 
Night'dew, s. dew that falls in the night. 
Night'dress, rf. the dress worn at night. 
Night'ed, a. darkened, clouded, black. 
Night'fall, 5. the beginning of night. 
Night'faring, a. travelling in the night. 
Night'fire. s. an ignis fatuus, a vapour. 
Night'fly, s. a moth that flies in the night. 
Night'-foundered, a. lost in the night. 
Night'gown, s. an undress, a gown. 
Night'-hag, s. a witch that wanders hy night. 
Night'ingale, s. a bird that sings at night. 
Night'ly, a. done or acting by night. 
Night'man, s. one who empties privies. 
Night'mare, s. a morbid oppression on the 

breast during sleep ; an incubus. 
Night'piece, s. a picture so colored as to be 

supposed to be seen by candlelight. 
Night'rail, s. a light kind of night-dress. 
Night'shade, s. a poisonous plant. 
Night'shining, a. luminous in the dark. 
Night'shriek, s. a cry in the night. 
Night'spell, s. a charm against harm or 

dangers by night. 
Night'walker, s. one who roves in the night. 
Night'walking, s. act of walking in sleep. 
Night'warbling, a. singing in the night. 
Night'watch, s. a period of night during 

which watch is kept ; a watch or guard in 

the night. 
Night'watcher, s. one who watches through 

the night, upon some ill design. 
Nigres'cent, a. growing black. 
Nihil'ity, s. nothingness ; non-existence. 
Nill, v. not to will ; to refuse, to reject. 
Nim, v. to steal, to filch. 
Nimbtf erous, a. producing storms. 
Nim'ble, a. quick, active, ready, lively. 
Nim'blefooted, a. active, nimble. 
Nim'bleness, s. quickness ; agility. 
Nim'blewitted, a. not at a loss for words. 
Nim'bly, ad. quickly, speedily, with agility. 
Nim'bus, s. a cloud : a circle of luminous rays. 
Nim'mer, s. a thief; a pilferer. 
Nin'compoop. s. a fool ; a trifler. 
Nine, «. denoting the number nine. 
Nine, s. one more than eight. 
Ni'nefold, a. nine times repeated. 
Ni'nepins, s. a play where nine pieces of 

■wood are set up to be bowled down. 
Ni'neteen, a. nine and ten. 
Nineteenth, a. the ordinal of nineteen. 
Ni'nthly, ad. in the ninth place. 
Ni'netieth, a. the ordinal of ninety. 
Ni'nety, a. nine times ten. 
Nin'ny, Nin'nyhammer, s. a fool, a simple- 
ton, a silly fellow. 
Ninth, a. next in order to the eighth. 
Nip, v. to pinch ; to blast : s. a pinch. 
Nip'per, s. one who, or that which nips. 
Nip'perkin, s. a little cup. 
Nip'peTs, s. small pincers. 
Nij/pingly, ad. with bitter sarcasm. 
Nip'ple, s. a teat; a dug; an orifice. 
Nisi-pri'us, s. a law term for civil causes. 



Nit, s. the egg of a louse. 

Ni'tency, s. endeavour, attempt. 

Ni'tency, s. lustre; clear brightness. 

Ni'tid, a. bright, shining, luminous. 

Ni'trated, a. combined with nitre. 

Ni'tre, s. saltpetre. 

Ni'tric, a. having the properties of nitre. 

Ni'tric-a"cid, s. aquafortis. 

Nitrifica'tion, s. the act of forming into nitre. 

Ni'trify, v. to convert into nitre. 

Ni'trogen, s. the principle of nitre in its 

gaseous state ; azote. 
Nitroge'neous, a. producing nitre. 
Nitroleu'cic, s. the acid of leucine and nitre. 
Nitrom'eter, s. the meter to value nitre. 
Nitro-muriat'ic, a. partaking of nitre and 

muriatic or sea-salt. 
Ni'trous, a. impregnated with nitre. 
Nit'ty, a. impregnated with the eggs of lice. 
Ni'val, a. abounding with snow. 
Niv'eous, a. snowy, resembling snow. 
No, ad. the word of denial : a. not any. 
Nobil'itate, v. to ennoble. 
Nobilita'tion, s. the act of ennobling. 
Nobii'ity, s. persons of high rank; dignity. 
No'ble, a. illustrious, exalted, generous. 
No'ble, s. one of high rank ; an ancient gold 

coin, valued at 6*. 8d. 
No'bleman, s. one who is ennobled, a peer. 
No'bleness, s. greatness, dignity, splendor. 
Nobless'e, s. the body of nobility ; dignity. 
No'bly, ad. greatly, illustriously. 
No'body, s. no one, not any one. 
No'cent, No'cive, a. criminal, hurtful. 
Nock, *. a notch : v. to place in the notch. 
Noctambula'tion, s. the act of walkiDg in 

sleep ; somnambulism. 
Noctambu'list, s. one who walks in sleep. 
Noctid'ial, a. comprising a day and a night. 
Noctil'uca, s. a kind of phosphorus. 
Noctil'ucous, a. shining in the night. 
Noc'tuary, s. an account of night affairs. 
Noc'tule, s. a large species of bat. 
Noc'turn, s. devotion performed by night. 
Noetur'nal, a. nightly: s. an instrument to 

take the altitude of the stars about the 

pole ; a nocturn. 
Noc'uous, a. noxious ; hurtful. 
Nod, s. a quick declination of the head. 
Nod, v. to bend the head ; to be drowsy. 
No'dated, a. knotted. 
Noda'tion, *•. the state of being knotted. 
Nod'der, s. one who nods; a drowsy person. 
Nod'dle, s. the head (in contempt). 
Nod'dy, Noo'dle, s. a simpleton, an idiot. 
Node, s. a knot, a knob ; a swelling of the 

joints; the point in which two curves or 

orbits intersect each other. 
Nodo'se, a. having knots or knobs. 
Nodos'ity, s. knottiness ; complication. 
No'dous, a. knotty, full of knots. 
Nod'ular, a. formed in nodules. 
Nod'ule, s. a small knot or lump. 
Nod'uled, a. having little knots or lumps. 
Nog'gin. s. a small cup or mug. 
Noise, s. a loud sound, outcry, clamour. 
Noise', v. to spread by clamour. 
Noi'seful, a. loud ; clamorous. 
Noi'seless, a. without noise, silent. 
Noisi'ly, ad. with noise, with clamor. 
Noi'sincss. s. loudness of sound. 



NO I 



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NOT 



Noi'some, a. noxious, unwholesome, offensive. 

Noi'somely, ad. so as to be noisome. 

Noi'someness, s. the being noisome. 

Noi'sy, a. sounding loud, clamorous. 

Noli"tion, s. unwillingness, reluctance. 

Nom'ad, s. one who leads a wandering or 
pastoral life, like the Tartars : a. pastoral, 
wandering. 

Nomadic, a. pastoral, wandering. 

No'mancy, 5. divination by names. 

Nom'bril, s. the centre of an escutcheon. 

Nome, Nom'ial, s. a term in algebra. 

No'menclator, s. one who gives names. 

Nomenclature, s. a vocabulary ; a naming. 

Nom'inal, a. only in name, not real. 

Nom'inalist, s. one of a sect of scholastic 
philosophers ; opposed to Realist. 

Nominally, ad. by name, or in name only. 

Nom'inate, v. to name, to call ; to appoint. 

Nomlnately, ad. by name ; particularly. 

Nomina'tion, s. the act of nominating ; the 
power of nominating. 

Nominative, s. a term in grammar. 

Nominator, s. one that nominates. 

Nominee', s. a person nominated to any 
place or office. 

Nomothet'ic, Nomothetical, a. legislative. 

Non-ability, s. a want of ability. 

Non'age, s. minority in age, immaturity. 

Nonages'imal, a. a term in astronomy, not- 
ing the ninetieth degree of the ecliptic. 

Non'agon, s. a figure with nine sides. 

Non •appear'ance, s. a default in not appear- 
ing in a court of judicature. 

Non-appoint'ment, s. neglect or default of 
appointment. 

Non-attend'ance, s. want of attendance. 

Non-atten'tion, s. inattention. 

Nonce, s. a purpose, intent, design. 

Nonchalan'ce, s. [Fr.] coolness; indifference. 

Non-compli'ance, s. want of compliance. 

Non-comply'ing, a. refusing to comply. 

Non-conduc'tor, s. a substance that docs not 
conduct or transmit the electric fluid. 

Nonconform'ing, a. not conforming to or 
joining in the established religion. 

Nonconform'ist, s. one who refuses to join 
the established worship of the church. 

Nonconformity, s. a refusal of compliance. 

Non-conta'gious, a. not contagious. 

Non'descript, a. not yet described. 

Non'doscript, s. any thing in natural history 
not yet described or classed. 

None, a. not one, not any, not another. 

Non-elect', s. one not elected. 

Non-elec'tric, a. not electric, and therefore 
conducting the electric fluid.: s. a sub- 
stance not an electric. 

Nonen'tity, s. non-existence, an ideal thing. 

Nones, s. certain days in each month of the 
old Roman calendar. 

Non-cssen'tial, s. a thing not essential. 

Non-execu'tion, s. non-performance. 

Non-exis'tence, s. state of not existing. 

Non'juring, a. refusing to swear allegiance. 

Non'juror, s. one who, conceiving James II. 
unjustly deposed, refuses to swear alle- 
giance to his successors. 

Non-nat'urals, s. those things which, by acci- 
dent or abuse, become the causes of dis- 
ease, as air, diet, sleep, watching, &c. 



Non-observ'ance, s. failure to obserye. 

Nonpareil', a. having no equal ; peerless. 

Nonpareil', s. a small printing letter ; an 
apple of unequalled excellence. 

Non-pay'ment, s. neglect of payment. 

Non'plus, s. a state in which one can say or 
do no more : v. to puzzle, to confound. 

Non-produc'tion, s. a failure to produce. 

Non-profes'sional, a. not belonging to, or 
becoming a profession. 

Non-profi"oient, s. one failing to improve. 

Non-regard'ance, s. want of due regard. 

Non-resem'blance, s. want of resemblance. 

Non-res'idence, s. a failure of residence. 

Non-res'ident, s. one who does not reside in 
his proper place : a. residing elsewhere. 

Non-resis'tance, s. passive obedience. 

Non-resis'tant, s. not resisting ; unopposing. 

Non'sense, s. unmeaning language ; trifles. 

Nonsen'sical, a. unmeaning, foolish. 

Nonsen'sically, ad. foolishly ; ridiculously. 

Nonsen'sicalness, s. jargon ; absurdity. 

Nonsen'sitive, a. wanting sense or perception. 

Non-sol u'tion, s. a failure of solution. 

Non'suit, s. a cause lost or stopped through 
some legal informality, by which the plain- 
tiff has to pay costs. 

Non'suit, v. to quash a legal process. 

Non-u'sance, J. neglect of use. 

Noo'dle, s. a silly fellow ; a simpleton. 

Nook, s. a corner ; a narrow place. 

Noon, s. middle of the day : a. meridional 

Noon'-day, s. midday: a. pertaining to noon„ 

Noon'ing, s. repose or repast at noon. 

Noon'tide, s. mid-day: a. meridional. 

Noose, v. to knot : s. a running knot. 

Nor, covj. a negative particle. 

Nor'mal, a. according to square or rule. 

No/man, s. (north man) a native of Nor- 
mandy : a. relating to the people or 
language of Normandy. 

Norroy', s. (north king) one of the tbreo 
kings-at-arms whose jurisdiction is north 
of the Trent. 

North, s. the point opposite the sun in the 
meridian : a. opposite the south. 

North-east', s. the point between the north 
and east : a. between the north and east. 

Nor'therly, Nor'them, North'ward, a. being 
in or towards the north. 

Northing, s. distance north of the equator. 

North'star, j. the pole star. 

North'ward, a. being towards the north : ad. 
towards the north. 

Norwe'gian, s. a native of Norway : a. belong- 
ing to Norway. 

Northwest', *. the point between the north 
and west : a. between the north and west. 

Nose, s. part of the face : v. to smell. 

No'se-fish, j. a flat blunt-snouted fish. 

No'scgay, s. a posy, a bunch of flowers. 

No'seless, a. deprived of the nose. 

Nos'le, s. See Nozle. 

Nosological, a. relating to diseases. 

Nosol'ogist, *. one skilled in nosology. 

Nosol'ogy. s. the doctrine of diseases. 

Nos'tril, j. one of the apertures of the nose. 

Nos'trum, s. a medicine not made public , 
a quack medicine (literally, something of 
our own.) 

Not, ad. the particle of negation. 



NOT 



189 



NUM 



No'table, a. -worthy of note, memorable ; 
(colloquially, with the accent on the t) 
hustling, thrifty, as, " a not'ahle house- 
keeper." 

No'table, s. (in France under the old mon- 
archy) a person of rank and distinction, a 
noble. 

Ne'tabloness, s.- diligence; remarkableness. 

No'tably, ad. memorably ; remarkably. 

Nota'rial, a. taken by a notary. 

No'tary, s. an officer who attests writings. 

Nota'tion, s. the act of noting ; signification. 

Notch, s. a nick, a hollow cut in any thing : 
v. to cut in small hollows. 

Note, s. a mark by which any thing is known; 
a notice ; a short hint ; a short letter ; a 
short remark or commentary ; a character 
or symbol in music denoting a sound ; a 
musical sound. 

Note, v. to observe, to remark, to set down. 

No'tebook, s. a book in which notes are 
made or entered. 

No'ted, p. and a. marked, set down ; re- 
markable* ; eminent ; frotorious. 

No'tedly, ad. with observation. 

No'tedness, s. conspicuousness ; eminence. 

No'teless, a. not attracting notice. 

No'ter, s. he who takes notice. 

Notewor'thy, a. deserving notice. 

Noth'ing, ad. in no degree. 

Nothing, s. non-existence, not any thing. 

Noth'ingness, s. nihility ; non-existence. 

No'tice, s. remark, heed, information : v. to 
observe, to regard. 

No'ticeable, a. worthy of observation. 

Notifica'tion, s. the act of making known. 

No'tify, v. to declare, to make known. 

No'tion, s. an idea, a sentiment, opinion. 

No'tional, a. imaginable, ideal, visionary. 

Notional'ity, s. empty ungrounded opinion. 

No'tionally, ad. in idea only. 

No'tionist, s. one who holds ideal or ima- 
ginary opinions. 

Notori'ety, s. public knowledge or exposxire. 

Noto'rious, a. publicly known, manifest. 

Notoriously, ad. publicly; evidently. 

Notoriousness, s. state of being notorious. 

No'tus, [Lat.] s. the south wind. 

Notwithstanding, conj. nevertheless. 

Nought, s. nothing, not any thing. 

Noun, s. thcnameof any thing (in grammar.) 

Nour'ish, v. to support with food ; to foment. 

Nourlshable, a. that may be nourished. 

Nour'isher, s. that which nourishes. 

Nourishment, s. food, nutrition, support. 

Nou'riture. See Nurture. 

Nous, [Gr.] 5. mind ; understanding. 

Novac'ulite, s. razor-stone; Turkey-hone. 

Nova'tion, J. the introduction of a novelty. 

Nov'el, a. new ; not ancient ; unusual. 

Nov'el, s. a fictitious story or tale. 

Nov'elism, s. innovation ; a novelty. 

Nov'elist, s. an innovator ; a writer of novels. 

Nov'elize, v. to innovate ; to change. 

Nov'elty, J. newness; innovation. 

Novem'ber, s. the eleventh month of the 
year, (with the Romans, the ninth.) 

Nov'enary, s. the number nine ; nine collec- 
tively : a. pertaining to nine. 

Novcn'nial, a. done every ninth year. 

Nover'cal, a. pertaining to a step-mother. 



Novice, s. one who is new in any business } 
a beginner ; an unskilful person. 

Novi'liate, .?. the state of being a novice. 

Novi"tious, a. newly invented. 

Nov'ity, s. newness, novelty. 

Now, ad. at this time : s. present moment* 

Now'-a-days, ad. in the present age. 

Now'ed, a. knotted, inwreathed (heraldry.) 

No'where, ad. not in any place. 

No'wise, ad. not in any manner or degree. 

Nox'ious, a. hurtful, baneful, offensive. 

Noxiously, ad. hurtfully; perniciously. 

Noxiousness, s. hurtfulncss ; insalubrity. 

Noyeau', [Fr.] s. a rich cordial. 

Noz'le, Noz'zle, s. the nose ; the end. 

Nu'bile, a. marriageable, fit for marriage. 

Nu'bilous, a. cloudy, overcast. 

Nu'cleus, *. the kernel of a nut; any thing 
about which matter is gathered. 

Nuda'tion, 5. the act of making naked. 

Nude, a. bare, naked; void (in law.) 

Nu'dity, s. nakedness ; a naked part. 

Nuga"city, a', trifling talk ; futility. 

Nuga'tion, s. the act or practice of trifling. 

Nu'gatory, a. trifling, futile, ineffectual. 

Nui'sance, s. something noxious or offensive. 

Null, a. of no force ; void : s. something 
which has no force : v. to annul. 

Nullifidlan, a. of no faith ; of no religion. 

Nullify, v. to annul, to make void. 

Nullity, s. want of force or existence. 

Numb, a. torpid, chill, benumbing. 

Numb, v. to make torpid, to stupify. 

Num'ber, v. to count, to tell, to reckon. 

Num'ber, s. that which is counted or told ■ 
a unit ; any assemblage of units ; a great 
assemblage, a multitude; in grammar, 
one or more than oue ; pi. harmony, verse, 
poetry. 

Num'berer, s. he who numbers. 

Num'berless, a. that cannot be reckoned. 

Num'bers, s. the fourth book in the Old 
Testament, which begins with an account 
of the numbering of the people. 

Numb'ness, s. stupefaction, torpor. 

Nu'merable, a. capable of being numbered. 

Nu'meral, a. pertaining to number: J. a 
character or letter of number. 

Nu'merally, ad. according to number. 

Nu'merary, a. belonging to a number. 

Nu'merate, v. to reckon ; to calculate. 

Numeration, *. the act of numbering; the 
number contained. 

Nu'merator, s. he that numbers ; in arith- 
metic, that number which serves as the 
common measure to others. 

Numerical, a. denoting number ; numeral. 

Numerically, ad. with respect to number. 

Nu'merist, s. one who deals in numbers. 

Numeroslty, s. the state of being numerous. 

Nu'merous, a. containing many. 

Nu'merously, ad. in great numbers. 

Nu'merousness, s. the being numerous. 

Numismatic, Numismatlcal, a. relating to 
the science of coins and medals. 

Numismatics, s. pi. the science which treats 
of coins and medals. 

Numismatol'ogy, s. atreatiseon numismatics. 

Num'mary, a. relating to money. 

Num'mulite, s. a fossil shell of a flattened 
form, formerly mistaken for money. 



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Iftumps, s. a weak foolish person, a dolt. 

Num'skull, s. a dunce, a dolt, a blockhead. 

Num'skulled, a. dull, stupid, doltish. 

Nun, s. a female devoted to a religious life 
and secluded in a nunnery. 

Nun'chion, s. food eaten between meals. 

Nun'ciature, s. the office of a nuncio. 

Nun'cio, s. an envoy from the pope. 

Nun'cupate, v. to declare publicly. 

Nuncupation, s. the act of naming. 

Nuncupative, Nun'cupatory, a. declaring 
publicly or solemnly; verbally pronounced. 

Nun'dinal, a. pertaining to a market day. 

Nun'nery, s. a convent of nuns. 

Nup'tia), a. pertaining to marriage. 

Nup'tials, s. marriage or wedding. 

Nurse, s. a woman who has the care of an- 
other's child, or of sick persons. 

Nurse, v. to bring up a child, to feed. 

Nur'ser, s. a promoter ; a fomenter. 

Nur'sery, s. a place where children are nursed 
and brought up ; a plot of ground for 
raising young trees. 

Nurs'ling, s. one that is nursed, an infant. 

Nur'ture, s. food, diet ; education. 

Nur'ture, v . to feed ; to bring up ; to educate. 

Nus'tle. See Nuzzle. 

Nut, s. a fruit consisting of a kernel covered 
by a hard shell ; a small knob with inden- 
tures answering to the teeth of wheels. 

Nut, v. to gather nuts. 

Nuta'tion, s. a nodding ; a kind of tremulous 
motion of the axis of the earth. 

Nut'brown, a. brown like a nut long kept. 

Nut'crackers, s. an instrument used to break 
nuts by pressure. 

Nut'gall, s. the excrescence of an oak. 

Nut'hatch, Nut'jobber, Nut'pecker, s. a bird. 

Nut'hook, s. a stick with a hook at the end 
for pulling down the boughs of nut-trees. 

Nut'meg, s. a kind of aromatic nut. 

Nutrica'tion, s. the manner of feeding. 

Nu'trient, s. any substance that nourishes : 
a. nourishing, alimental. 

Nu'trimcnt, s. nourishment, food, aliment. 

Nutrimen'tal, a. nourishing, alimental. 

Nutri"tion, s. the act or process of nourish- 
ing ; nutriment. 

Nutri"tious, Nu'tritive, a. nourishing. 

Nu'triture, s. the power of nourishing. 

Nut'sholl, s. the shell of a nut ; small com- 
pass ; of little or no value. 

Nut'tree, s. a tree that bears nuts ; a hazle. 

Nuz'zle, v. to hide the (nose or) head, as a 
child doe3 in its mother's bosom ; to nestle. 

Nyc'talopy, s. a disease of the eye, in which 
one sees better by night than by day. 

Nye, s. a brood, as of pheasants. 

Nymph, 5. a goddess of the woods, meadows, 
or waters ; in poetic style, a lady. 

Nymph'a, s. the chrysalis of insects. 

Nymph'al, Nymphe'an, Nymph'like, a. re- 
sembling or relating to a nymph. 

Nymph'ish, a. relating to nymphs ; ladylike. 

0. 

O is used to denote an exclamation. 
Oaf, j. a changeling ; a foolish fellow. 
Oafish, a. dull, stupid, doltish. 
Oaf'ishness, s. stupidity, dulness. 
Oak, s. a tree, and the wood of it. 



Oak'apple, s. a spungy excrescence in oaks. 

Oak'en, a. made of oak. 

Oak'ling, s. a young oak. 

Oak'um, s. loose hemp obtained by untwist- 
ing old ropes. 

Oak'y, a. hard as oak ; firm, strong. 

Oar, s. an instrument to row with: v. to row, 
to impel by rowing. 

O'asis, s. a fertile spot in a desert. 

Oast, s. a kiln to dry hops or malt. 

Oat'cake, s. a cake made of oatmeal. 

Oat'en, a. made of, or bearing oats. 

Oath, s. a solemn affirmation made with an 
appeal to God for its truth. 

Oath'able, a. fit to be sworn. 

Oath'breaking, j. perjury. 

Oat'malt, s. malt made of oats. 

Oat 'meal, s. flour made by grinding oats. 

Oats, s. a grain generally given to horses. 

Obambula'tion, s. the act of walking about. 

Obdornii"tion, s. sleep, rest, repose. 

Obdu'ce, v. to draw over as a covering. 

Obduc'tion, s. a covering or overlaying. 

Ob'duracy, s. stubbornness ; impenitence. 

Ob'durate, a. hard-hearted, impenitent : v 
to harden ; to make obdurate. 

Ob'durately, ad. inflexibly, stubbornly. 

Ob'durateness, Obdu'redness, s. hardness of 
heart; stubbornness. 

Obdura'tion, s. act of making obdurate ; the 
state of being obdurate, obduracy. 

Obe'dience, s. submission, obsequiousness. 

Obe'dient, a. submissive to authority. 

Obedien'tial, a. pertaining to obedience 

Obe'diently, ad. with obedience. 

Obe'isance, s. an act of reverence ; a bow. 

Obelis'cal, a. in form of an obelisk. 

Ob'elisk, s. a kind of pyramid of marble or 
stone ; a mark for reference thus (f). 

Obe'se, a. fat, corpulent. 

Obe'seness, Obes'ity, s. morbid facness. 

Obey', v. to comply with commands, to yield 
submission to ; to observe ; to do. 

Obey'er, s. one who yields obedience. 

Obfus'cate, v. to darken ; to obscure. 

Obfusca'tion, j. the act of darkening. 

O'bit, s. funeral obsequies ; death. 

Obit'ual, a. pertaining to funeral rites. 

Obit'uary, s. a register or account of deaths. 

O'oject', v. to urg;' against ; to oppose. 

Ob'ject, s. that which is thrown in our way ; 
that which we have in view ; an end or 
purpose. 

Object'ablo. See Objectionable. 

Ob'ject-glass, s. the glass of a telescope or 
microscope which is nearest the object. 

Objection, s. that which is offered in opposi- 
tion ; an adverse argument ; a fault found. 

Objec'tionable, a. liable to objection. 

Objec'tive, a. relating to the object ; in 
grammar, the case which follows a transi- 
tive verb, or a preposition. 

Objectively, ad. in an objective manner. 

Objec'tiveness, s. the state of being an object. 

Objec'tor, s. one who objects or opposes. 

Objur'gate, v. to chide, rebuke, reprove. 

Objurga'tion, s. the act of chiding ; reproof. 

Objur'gatory, a. chiding, reprehensive. 

Obla'te, s. flattened at the poles. 

Oblate'ncss, s. the state of being oblate, 

Obla'tion, s. an offering, a sacrifice. 



OBL 



191 



OCC 



Oblecta'tion, s. recreation, delight. 

Obligate, v. to bind by contract or duty. 

Obligation, s. engagement, contract, bond ; 
a form by which one is bound. 

Obliga'to, [Ital.] a. a musical term, signify- 
ing on purpose for the instrument named. 

Obligatory, a. binding, imposing obligation. 

Obli'ge, v. to bind, to constrain ; to bind by 
a favor, to gratify. 

Obligee', s. one bound by a contract. 

Obli'ger, s. one that obliges. 

Obliging, a. ready to do a favor ; kind. 

Obli'gingiy, ad. civilly; complacently. 

Obli'gingness, s. civility ; complaisance. 

Obligor', s. he that gives his bond to another. 

Obliqua'tion, s. obliquity. 

Obli'que, a. not perpendicular ; not direct. 

Obli'quel^ ad. in an oblique manner. 

Obli'queness, s. obliquity. 

Obliq'uity, s. deviation from a straight line ; 
deviation from moral rectitude. 

Oblit'erate, v. to efface, to destroy. 

Oblitera'tion, s. the act of effacing. 

Obliv'ion, s. forgetfulness ; amnesty. 

Obliv'ial, Obliv'ious, a. causing forgetfulness. 

Ob'long, a. longer than broad. 

Ob'long, s. a figure longer than broad. 

Ob'longness, s. state of being oblong. 

Oblong-ovate, a. between oblong and oval. 

Obloq'uious, a. reproachful ; slanderous. 

Ob'loquy, s. reproach, blame, slander. 

Oblucta'tion, s. the act of struggling against. 

Obmutes'cence, s. loss of speech, silence. 

Obnox'ious, a. offensive ; liable ; exposed. 

Obnoxiously, ad. in an offensive manner. 

Obnox'iousness, s. offensiveness ; liableness. 

Obnu'bil ate, v. to cloud, to obscure. 

Obnubila'tion, s. the act of making obscure. 

O'boe, s. a wind instrument ; the hautboy. 

Ob'ole, s. in pharmacy, twelve grains. 

Ol/olus, s a silver coin of Athens, value ljd. 

Obrep'tion, s. creeping on secretly. 

Obrepti"tious, a. secretly done or obtained. 

Obsce'nc, a. immodest, lewd, disgusting. 

Obsce'nely, ad. in an immodest manner. 

Obscen'ity, s. lewdness, unchastity. 

Obscura'tion, s. the act of darkening. 

Obscu're, a. dark, gloomy ; abstruse, diiTi- 
cult : v. to darken ; to perplex. 

Obseu'rely, ad- darkly, not clearly. 

Obscu'rencss, Obscu'rity, s. darkness, want 
of light ; unnoticed state, privacy. 

Ob'secrate, 'j. to beseech, to entreat. 

Obsecra'tion, a - , a supplication, an entreaty. 

Ob'scquent, a. following close ; obedient. 

Obsequies, s. funeral solemnities. 

Obse'quious, a. compliant; obedient. 

Obse'quiously, ad. obediently, complyingly. 

Obse'quiousness, s. obedience, compliance. 

Observable, a. that may be observed ; 
worthy of being observed ; remarkable. 

Observably, ad. in a manner worthy of note. 

Obser'vance, s. respect ; attention ; a rite. 

Observan'da, [Lat.] s. things to be observed. 

Obser'vant, a. attentive, diligent, watchful. 

Observation, s. a noting, a remark, a note. 

Observa'tor, Obser'ver, s. a remarker. 

Obser'vatory, s. a place or building for mak- 
ing astronomical observations. 

Obser've, v. to watch, note, regard, obey. 

Ubser'ver, s. one that observes. 



Observ'ingly, ad. attentively, carefully. 

Obses'sion, s. the act of besieging. 

Obsid'ional, a. belonging to a siege. 

Obsig'nate, v. to ratify ; to seal up. 

Obsignation, s. ratification by sealing. 

Obsig'natory, a. ratifying, confirming. 

Obsoles'cence, 5. the state of being obsolete. 

Obsoles'cent, a. growing out of use. 

Ob'solete, a. disused, grown out of use. 

Ob'soleteness, s. state of being obsolete. 

Ob'stacle, s. a let, hinderance, obstruction. 

Ob'stancy, s. opposition ; impediment. 

Obstet'ric, a. pertaining to midwifery. 

Obstet'ricate, v. to assist as a midwife. 

Obstetrica'tion, s. act of obstetricating. 

Obstet'rics, s.pl. the science of midwifery. 

Ob'stinacy, s. stubbornness, persistency 

Ob'stinate, a. stubborn, contumacious; fixed. 

Ob'stinately, ad. stubbornly, resolutely. 

Ob'stinateness, s. stubbornness, pertinacity. 

Obstipa'tion, s. act of stopping chinks, &c. 

Obstrep'erous, a. noisy, loud, vociferous. 

Obstrep'erously, ad. clamorously ; noisily. 

Obstrep'erousness, s. noise ; turbulence 

Obstric'tion, s. an obligation, a bond. 

Obstruct', v. to hinder, block up, bar. 

Obstructor, s. one that hinders or opposes. 

Obstruction, s. a hinderance, an obstacle. 

Obstructive, «. hindering: s.an impediment. 

Ob'struent, a. blocking up, hindering. 

Ob'struent, s. that which obstructs the natu- 
ral passages through the body. 

Obstupefac'tion, s. act of inducing stupidity. 

Obstupefac'tive, a. stupifying. 

Obtain', v. to gain, to acquire ; to prevail 

Obtainable, a. that may be obtained. 

Obtain'er, s. he who obtains. 

Obtain'ment, s. the act of obtaining. 

Obtend', v. to oppose ; to pretend ; to offer. 

Obtenebra'tion, s. darkness ; a making dark. 

Gbten'sion, s. the act of obtending. 

Obtest', v. to beseech, to supplicate. 

Obtesta'tion, s. supplication, entreaty. 

Obtrecta'tion, s. slander, detraction. 

Obtri"tion, s. the wearing away by friction. 

Obtru'do, v. to thrust into a place by force, 
to offer with unreasonable importunity. 

Obtru'der, s. one who obtrudes. 

Obtrun'cate, v. to deprive of a limb ; to lop. 

Obtrunca'tion, s. the act of lopping off. 

Obtiu'sion, s. forcing in or upon. 

Obtru'sive, a. inclined to obtrude on others. 

Obtru'sively, ad. by way of obtrusion. 

Obtund', v. to blunt ; to deaden. 

Obtura'tion, s. a stopping by smearing over. 

Ob'turator, s. a muscle of the thigh. 

Obtu'se, a. not acute ; dull, stupid. 

Obtu'sely, ad. without a point, dully. 

Obtu'seness, s. bluntness, stupidity, dulness. 

Obtu'sion, s. the act of making obtuse. 

Obumbra'tion, s. the act of darkening. 

Ob' verse, s. the face of a coin. 

Obvert', v. to turn with the face towards. 

Ob'viate, v. to prevent, to hinder, to oppose. 

Ob'vious, a. easily discovered, plain, open. 

Ob'viously, ad. evidently, plainly. 

Ob'viousness, s. tho state of being obvious. 

Occa'sion, s. an occurrence, an incident ; a 
casualty ; an opportunity ; accidental cause. 

Occa'sion, v. to cause, to produce. 

Occa'sionablc, a. that may bo occasioned. 



occ 



192 



OFF 



Occassional, a. incidental, casual. 

Occasionally, ad. casually, incidentally. 

Occa'sioner, s. one that causes or produces. 

Occa'sive, a. falling : descending as the sun. 

Oececa'tion, s. the act of making blind. 

Oc'cident, s. the west : a. western. 

Occiden'tal, Occid'uous, a. western. 

Oc'ciput, s. the hinder part of the head. 

Occis'ion, s. the act of killing. 

Occlu'de, v. to shut in or up. 

Occlu'se, a. shut up, closed. 

Occlu'sion, s. the act of shutting up. 

Occult', a. unknown, hidden, secret. 

Occulta'tion, s. a hiding ; particularly of a 
star by the interposition of the moon or a 
planet. 

Occult'ness, s. state of being occult. 

Oc'cupancy, .?. the act of taking possession : 
a holding or keeping. 

Oc'cupant, s. he that takes or holds posses- 
sion of any thing. 

Oc'cupate, v. to possess, to hold; to take up. 

Occupa'tion, s. a taking possession ; business ; 
a trade or calling. 

Oc'eupier, s. a possessor ; one who occupies. 

Oc'cupy, v. to possess ; to employ ; to use. 

Occur', v. to happen ; to come into the mind. 

Occurrence, s. an incident ; a casual event. 

Occur'sion, s. a clash, a mutual blow. 

O'cean, s. the main ; the great sea ; any im- 
mense expanse : a. pertaining to the main 
or great sea. 

Oceanic, a. pertaining to the ocean. 

Ocel'lated, a. resembling a little eye. 

Ochlocracy, s. government by the mob. 

O'chre, j. a kind of yellowish clay. 

O'chreous, O'chrey, a. consisting of ochre. 

Oc'tachord, s. an instrument of eight sounds. 

Oc'tagon, s. a figure of eight sides and angles. 

Octagonal, a. having eight angles and sides. 

Octahe'dral, a. having eight equal sides. 

Octahe'drite, s. pyramidical ore of titanium. 

Octahe'dron, s. a solid having eight bases, 
each of which is an equilateral triangle. 

Octan'drian, a. having eight stamens. 

Octan'gular, a. having eight angles. 

Oc'tant, a. the eighth part of a circle. 

Oc'tave, s. the eighth day after some festival ; 
the interval of an eighth in music. 

Oc'tave, a. denoting eight. 

Octa'vo, s. a sheet folded into eight leaves. 

Octen'nial, a. happening every eighth year. 

Octo'ber, s. the tenth month of the year. 

Octode"cimal, s. a crystal whose middle has 
eight faces, and whose summits have ten. 

Octoden'tate, a. having eight teeth. 

Octogena'rian, s. one eighty years old. 

Octog'onary, a. of eighty years of age. 

Oc'tonary, a. belonging to the number eight. 

Octonoc'ular, a. having eight eyes. 

Octopet'alous, a. having eight fiower-1 eaves. 

Octora'diated, a. having eight rays. 

Octosperm'ous, a. containing eight seeds. 

Oc'tostyle, s. a range of eight columns. 

Octosyllable, a. consisting of eight syllables. 

Oc'tuple, a. eight fold. 

Oc'uJar, a. pertaining to the eye. 

Oc'ularly, ad. by the eye or sight. 

Oc'ulist,' s. one skilled in diseases of the eye. 

Odd, a. nit even ; particular, strange. 

Od'dity, s. singularity, particularity. 



Oad'ly, ad. not evenly ; strangely, unusually, 

unaccountably. 
Odd'ness, j. particularity, strangeness. 
Odds, s. inequality; more than an even wa- 
ger; advantage; superiority; quarrel. 
Ode, s. a poem to be sung to music. 
O'dious, a. hateful, detestable, abominable. 
O'diously, ad. hatefully, abominably. 
O'diousness, s. hatcfulnessr 
O'dium, s. hatred, invidiousness, blame. 
Odontal'gia, s. the tooth-ache. 
Odontalgic, a. pertaining to the tooth-ache : 

s. a remedy for the tooth-ache. 
I O'dorament, s. a perfume ; any strong scent. 
- Odoriferous, a. giving odour, fragrant. 
Odorif 'erousness. .?. fragrance. 
O'dorous, a. fragrant, perfumed. 
O'dour, s. scent, good or bad ; fragrance. 
CEeumen'ical, a. general, universal. 
OZde'ma, s. a tumor, a swelling. 
GEdemat'ic, (Edem'atous, a. pertaining to an 

cedema or tumor, 
ffiil'iad, 5. a wink, a glance of the eye. 
O'er. ad. contracted from Over. 
CEsoph'agus, s. the gullet; the canal through 

which the food passes. 
Of, prep, proceeding from ; from ; belonging 

to; concerning. 
Off, ad. away from, separated from : prep. 

not on ; distant from : a. as, the off side ; 

int. away ! 
Offal, s. waste meat (that which falls off) ; 

refuse ; garbage. 
Offen'ce, s. attack ; transgression ; injury ; 

displeasure given ; anger. 
Offen'ceful, a. giving displeasure ; injurious, 
Offence'less, a. unoffending, innocent. 
Offend', v. to make angry, injure, attack. 
Offend'er, s. one who commits an offence. 
Offen'sive, a. giving offence ; hurtful. 
Offen'sively, lid. displeasingly, injuriously. 
Offen'sivcness. s. injuriousness, mischief. 
Offer, v. to present ; to propose ; to bid as 

a price ; to attempt ; to sacrifice : s. a 

proposal; price bid. 
Of ferable, a. that may be offered. 
Offerer, s. one that offers. 
Offering, s. a sacrifice or oblation. 
Offertory, s. that portion of the church 

service which is chanted or read while the 

alms are collected. 
Office, s. public employment ; agency ; 

duty ; business ; a place of business ; an 

act of worship ; a formulary of devotion. 
Officer, s. a commander ; a person in office. 
Officer, v. to furnish with officers. 
Officered, a. supplied with officers. 
I Offi"cial, a. pertaining to an office ; done by 

authority : s. one who holds an office. 
: Offi'cially, ad. by authority. 
| Offi/'cialty, s. thd charge of an official. 
j Offi"ciate, v. to perform the duties of au 

office ; to perform an office for another. 
! Officinal, a. used in or relating to shojis. 
! Offi"cious, a. busy ; intermeddling. 
Offi"ciously, ad. in an officious manner. 
Offi"ciousness, s. unasked service. 
Offing, s. that part of the sea which is a 

good way off the shore. 
Off-scour'ing, s. the refuse, the dross. 
Offset, s. a sprout ; the shoot of a plant 



I, 



OFF 



193 



001, 



Offspring, s. children; descendants; pro- 
duction of any kind. 

Offus'eate. See Obfuscate. 

Offusca tion. See Obfuscation. 

Off 'ward, ad. leaning or keeping off. 

Oft, Often, Oftentimes, Oft'times, ad. fre- 
quently, many times, not rarely. 

Ogee', s. a sort of moulding in architecture. 

Og'ham, s. a secret way of writing used by 
the ancient Irish. 

O'gle, v. to view with side glances. 

O'gle, 5. a side glance ; a leer. 

O'gler, s. one who ogles. 

O'gling, s. a viewing slvly or obliquely. 

O'glio. See Olio. 

O'grc, O'gr ess, s. imaginary monsters of the 
East, male and female. 

Oh ! int. denoting pain, sorrow, or surprise. 

Oil, s. unctuous or greasy matter expressed 
from animal or vegetable substances. 

Oil, v. to smear or anoint with oil. 

Oil'cloth, j. painted cloth to cover floors. 

Oil'eolor, s. color made by grinding colored 
substances in oil. 

Oil'-gas, s. inflammable gas from oil. 

Oil'iness, s. unetuousness, greasincss. 

Oil'man, s. one who sells oils, pickles, &c. 

Oil'shop, *. a .shop where oils, &c. are sold. 

Oil'y, a. consisting of oil ; unctuous, greasy. 

Oint'ment, s. an unguent; a salve. 

Old, Old'cn, a. not new; ancient; long used. 

Oldfash'ioned, a. obsolete, out of fashion. 

Oid'ish, a. somewhat old. 

Old'ncss, s. state of being old ; old age. 

01oa"ginous, a. oily. 

01ea"gi»ousness, s. oilincss. 

Olean'dcr, s. a kind of shrub. 

Oleas'ter, s. the wild olive plant. 

Oleosaccharum, s. a mixture of oil and sugar. 

Ole'ose, O'leous, a. oily. 

Olera'coous, a. pertaining to pot-herbs. 

Olfae'tory, a. having the sense of smelling. 

Ol'igarch, s. one of a small number who 
have the supreme power. 

Oligarchical, a. pertaining to an oligarchy. 

Oligarchy, s. a form of government which 
places the supreme power in the hands of 
a few ; an aristocracy. 

O'lio. s. a dish of mixed meats ; a medley. 

Qliva'eeous, a. of the color of olive. 

Olivas'ter, a. olive-color ; darkly brown. 

Ol'ive, s. a plant or tree; the fruit of the 
tree ; the emblem of peace. 

Ol'ived, a. decorated with olive-trees. 

Olym'piad, *. a period of four years, a mode 
of computing time among the Greeks ; so 
named from the games celebrated every 
fourth year in honor of Jupiter Olympus. 

Olym'pian, a. pertaining to Olympus. 

Om'bre, s. a game at cards played by three. 

O'mcga, .9. the last letter of the Greek al- 
phabet, literally the great or long o. 

Om'elct, s. a pancake made with eggs. 

O'men, s. a good or bad sign, a prognosl!". 

O'mened, a. containing prognostics. 

Omcn'tum, s. the caul or double membrane 
which covers the bowels. 

O'mer, sail ebrew measure, containing about 
three pints and a half English. 

Om'inate, v. to foretoken. 

Oni'inous, a. foreshowing ill, inauspicious. 



Om'inously, ad. with good or bad omen. 
Om'inousness, s.the quality of being ominous. 
Omis'sible, a. that may be omitted. 
Omis'sion, s. a neglect of duty ; a leaving 

out something ; neglect. 
Omis'sive, a. leaving out. 
Omit', v. to leave out ; to neglect. 
Omit'tance, s. neglect ; forbearance. 
Om'nibus, s. (that which is for all), a name 

given to a public vehicle which carries a 

large number of passengers at a cheap rate. 
Omnifa'rious, a. of all kinds and sorts. 
j Omniferous, a. all-bearing ; all-producing 
: Omnific, a. all-creating. 
[ Om'niform, a. having every shape. 
Omniform'ity, s. the quality of possessing 

every form or shape. 
| Omni"genous, a. consisting of all kinds. 
Omniparity, s general equality. 
Omnipercip'ience, Omnipercip'iency, s. per- 
ception of every thing. 
Omnipercip'ient, a. perceiving every thing. 
Omnipotence, Omnip'otency, s. Almighty 

power, unlimited power. 
Omnip'otent,.?. the Almighty: a. all-powerful. 
Omnip'otently,arf. powerfully, without limit. 
Omnipres'ence, s. the quality of being every 

where present ; ubiquity. 
Omnipres'ent, a. present in every place. 
Omnipresen'tial, a. implying omnipresence. 
Omnis'cicnce, 5. infinite knowledge. 
Omnis'cient, a. infinitely wise, all-knowing. 
Om'nium, s. the aggregate of stocks in the 

public funds. 
Omniv'orous, a. all-devouring. 
Omphal'ic, a. pertaining to the navel. 
On, prep upon, at : ad. forward, not off: 

int. a word of incitement to lead on. 
On'ager, s. the wild ass. 
Once. See Ounce. 
Once, ad. at one time ; formerly. 
One, a. one of two, single, individual : *. a 

single person or thing. 
One'eyed, a. having only one eye. 
Oneirocrit'ics, s. interpretation of dreams. 
Cnei'romancy, s. divination by dreams. 
One'ncss, 5. the state of being one ; unity. 
On'erary, a. fitted for burdens. 
On'eratc, v. to load, to burden. 
Onera'tion, s. the act of burdening. 
On'erous, a. burdensome, oppressive. 
On'ion, 5. a plant with a bulbous root. 
O'nly, a. single ; one and no more : alone : 

ad. singly, simply ; merely, barely. 
On'omancy, s. divination by names. 
Onomatopee'ia, s. a rhetorical figure in which 

the sound of the word corresponds with the 

thing signified. 
On'set, s. an attack ; the beginning. 
On'slausht, *. ia slaying straight on) an at- 
tack, an assault. 
Ontol'ogy, s. the doctrine or science of beings 

or ideas in general ; metaphysics. 
O'nus probandi, [Lat.]s. the burden of proof. 
On'ward, a. advanced, increased ; direct. 
On'ward, On'wards, ad. forward, farther. 
On'ycha, s. the shell of the onyx. 
O'nyx, s. a semi-pellucid gem with variously 

colored veins. 
O'olite, s. a fine kind of limestone, of which 

the Portland stone is a species. 
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Ooze, s. soft mud, slime ; a soft flowing. 

Ooze, v. to drain through ; to run gcntiy. 

Oo'zy, a. miry, muddy, slimy. 

Opa'cate, v. to shade, to cloud, to darken. 

Opa"city, s. want of transparency. 

Opa'cous, Opa'que, a. dark, not transparent. 

Opa'consness, Opa'keness, Opa'queness, s. 
the state of being opaque. 

O'pal, s. a beautiful gem of a milky hue. 

Opales'cent, a. resembling opal. 

Ope, v. to open. (Obsolete.) 

O'pen. v. to unclose, unlock ; divide; begin. 

O'pen, a. unclosed, plain, clear, exposed. 

O'pener, s. one that opens ; an explainer. 

Open-ey'ed, a. watchful, vigilant. 

Open-hand'cd, a. generous, liberal. 

Open-heart'ed, a. generous, candid. 

Open-heart'eclness, s. frankness, liberality. 

O'pen ing, s. a breach, an aperture. 

O'penly, ad. publicly, plainly. 

O'pen-mouthed, a. greedy, clamorous. 

O'penness. 5. plainness ; clearness. 

Op'era. s. a musical drama. 

Op'erable, a. that can be done ; practicable. 

Op'erant, a. able to produce effects. 

Op'erate, v. to act ; to produce effects. 

Operat icai, a. relating to an opera. 

Operation, s. agency, influence, action. 

Op'crative, s. a workman, an artisan. 

Op'erative, a. having the power of acting •, 
active, vigorous, efficacious. 

Op'erator, s. one that performs any act of the 
hand ; one who produces any effect. 

Oper 'culate, a. having a lid or cover. 

Oper'culuni, s. a cover ; a lid. 

Opero'se, a. laborious ; full of trouble. 

Opero'seness, s. the state of being operose. 

Operos'ity, s. action, operation. 

Operta'neous, a. secret, done in secret. 

Ophid'ian, a. pertaining to serpents. 

Ophid'ion, s. an eel-like sea fish. 

Ophiol'ogy, s. a treatise on serpents. 

Oph'iomancy, s. divination by serpents. 

Ophiu'chus, s. Serpentarius, a northern con- 
stellation. 

Ophioph'agous, a. feeding on serpents. 

Ophites, s. a stone resembling a serpent. 

Ophthal'mia, s. a disease of the eyes. 

Ophthal'mic, a. relating to the eye. 

O'piate, s. a medicine that causes sleep; any 
thing that quiets : a. soporific. 

Opif'icer, s. one who performs any work. 

Opi'nable, a. that may be opined. 

O'pine, v. to think ; to be of opinion. 

Opi'ner, s. one who holds an opinion. 

Opin'iate, v. to maintain obstinately. 

Opin'iative, a. obstinate in opinion. 

Opin'iativencss, s. inflexibility of opinion. 

Opin'ion, s. judgment ; notion ; sentiment. 

Opin'ionate, Opinionated, Opin'ionative, a. 
obstinate ; inflexible in opinion. 

Opin'ionatcly, ad. obstinately ; conceitedly. 

Opin'ionativcly, ad. obstinately. 

Opin'ionativeness, s. obstinacy in opinion. 

Opin'ioned, a. attached to one's own opinions. 

Opin'iunist, s. one fond of his own notions. 

Opitula'tion, s. an aiding, a helping. 

O'pium, s. the juice of Turkish poppies. 

O'plc-trec, s. the witch-hazel. 
Opobal'sam, s. the balm of Gilead. 
Opodel'doc, s. a popular ointment. 



Opos'sum, s. an American animal that 11.13 a 
skin or bag in which it carries its young. 

Op'pidan, s. a townsman ; an inhabitant of 
a town : a. relating to a town. 

Oppig'nerate, v. to pledge, to pawn. 

Oppila'tion, s. an obstruction or stoppage. 

Oppo'nency, s. the proposition of objections 
to any tenet in an academical disputation. 

Oppo'nent, a. opposite, adverse. 

Oppo'nent, 5. an adversary, an antagonist. 

Opportu'ne, a. seasonable, convenient, fit. 

Opportunely, ad. seasonably ; conveniently. 

Opportuneness, s. fitness as to time. 

Opportunity, s. fitness of place or time ; 
convenience, suitableness. 

Oppo'se, v. to act against, to object, to resist. 

Oppo'scless, a. irresistible, not to be opposed. 

Oppo'ser, s. one that opposes ; an antagonist. 

Op'posite, a. placed in front ; adverse. 

Op'posite, s. an adversary ; an antagonist. 

Op'positely, ad. in front ; adversely. 

Op'positencss, s. the state of being opposite. 

Opposition, s. the being placed against ; 
contrariety, contradiction ; hostile resis- 
tance ; the political party that oppose the 
ministry. 

Oppos'itive, a. capable of opposing. 

Oppress', v. to crush by hardship or severity; 
to tyrannize over. 

Oppres'sion, s. cruelty, severity. 

Oppressive, a. cruel, inhuman ; tyrannical. 

Oppres'sively, ad. in an oppressive manner. 

Oppres siveness. s. the being oppressive. 

Oppres'sor, s. one who oppresses others. 

Oppro'brious, a. reproachful, disgraceful. 

Oppro'briously, ad. reproachfully. 

Oppro'briousness, s. scurrility, abuse. 

Oppro'brium, s. reproach, infamy. 

Oppu'gn, v. to oppose, to attack, to refute. 

Oppug'nancy, s. opposition, resistance. 

Oppu'gner, s. one who opposes or attacks. 

Opsim'athy, s. education begun late. 

Op'tative, a. expressive of desire or wish. 

Op'tic, a. visual, relating to vision. 

Op'tic, s. an instrument or organ of sight. 

Op'tical, a. relating to the science of optics. 

Optfcian, s. one skilled in optics. 

Op'tics, s. the science of vision. 

Op'timacy, s. nobility, the body of nobles. 

Optimism, s. the doctrine that every thing 
in nature is ordered for the best. 

Op'timist, s. a believer in optimism. 

Op'tion, s. a choice, power of choosing. 

Optional, a. left to wish or choice. 

Op'ulence, Op'ulency, s. wealth, affluence. 

Op'ulent, a. rich, wealthy, affluent. 

Op'ulcntly, ad. richly, with abundance. 

Opus'oule, s. a small work. 

Or, s. gold (in heraldry.) 

Or, conj. denoting distribution, and fre- 
quently corresponding to either. 

Or, ad. before, as "or ever." 

Or'acle, s. something delivered by superna- 
tural wisdom ; one famed for wisdom. 
I Or'acle, v. to utter oracles. 
I Orac'ular, Orac'ulous, a. uttering oracles. 
I Orac'ularly, Orac'ulously, ad. in the manner 

of an oracle ; authoritatively. 
1 Orac'ulousness, s. the being oracular. 
! O'ral, a. delivered verbally ; not written. 

O'rally, ad. by mouth ; without writing. 



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Or'ange, s. the fruit of the orange-tree. 

Orangea'de, s. sherbet, an agreeable liquor. 

Or'ange-niusk, s. a species of pear. 

Or'ange-peel, s. the rind of an orange. 

Or'angery, s. a plantation of orange trees. 

Or'ange-tawney, a. a color between yellow 
and brown. 

Orang-ou'tang, s. a large species of ape re- 
markably approaching the human form. 

Ora'tion, 5. a public discourse or speech. 

Or'ator, s. an eloquent public speaker. 

Orato'rial, a. relating to an oratorio. 

Orator'ieal, a. rhetorical ; befitting an orator. 

Orator'ically, ad. rhetorically. 

Orato'rio, ,v. a sacred musical drama. 

Oratory, s. rhetorical skill ; eloquence. 

Oratress, Or'atrix, s. an eloquent woman. 

Orb, s- an orbicular or circular body ; a 
sphere ; a circle ; a circle or revolution of 
time ; the eye : v. to form into a circle. 

Ornate, a. childless ; fatherless ; poor. 

Orba'tion, s. the act of bereavement. 

Orb'ed, a. circular ; formed in a circle. . 

Or'bic, Orbic'ular, a. spherical, circular. 

Orbic'uiarly, ad. spherically, circularly. 

Orbic'ularness, 5. state of being orbicular. 

Orbic'ulate, a. moulded into an orb. 

Orbicula'tion, s. state of being orbed. 

Orb'it, s. the path in which a planet moves. 

Orb'ital, Orbit'ual, a. pertaining to an orbit. 

Orb'itudc, Orb'ity, s. bereavement of parents 
or of children. 

Orb'y, a. resembling an orb. 

Ore, s. a sea- fish, a species of whale. 

Orchard, s. a garden of fruit-trees. 

Or'chestra, Or'chestre, s. a gallery or place 
for musicians to play in. 

Or'chestral, a. pertaining to an orchestra. 

Or'chis, s. a plant, the flowers of which have 
some resemblance to insects. 

Ordain', v. to appoint ; to decree ; to estab- 
lish; to invest with holy orders. 

Ordain'able, a. that may be ordained. 

Ordain'er, s. he who ordains. 

Or'deal, s. an ancient form of trial by fire or 
water ; a severe trial. 

Or'der, s. regular disposition or arrangement ; 
method; a mandate, a precept; a class ; a 
society ; a system of architecture. 

Or'der, v. to regulate, command, ordain. 

Or'derer, s. one who orders or regulates. 

Or'dering, s. disposition ; distribution. 

Or'derless, a. disorderly; out of rule. 

Orderliness, s. regularity ; methodicalness. 

Orderly, a. methodical, regular. 

Orders, s. admission to the priesthood. 

Or'dinable, a. that may be appointed. 

Ordinabil'ity, s. the being ordinable. 

Ordinal, a. noting order : s. a ritual. 

Or'dinancc, s. a decree, a law or rule. 

O/dinant, a. ordaining ; decreeing. 

Ordinarily, ad. commonly ; usually. 

Or'dinary, a. common, usual ; mean ; ugly. 

Ordinary, s. the established judge of an 
ecclesiastical court ; a stated or regular 
chaplain ; an eating-house wherein meals 
are given at an ordinary or regular price. 

Or'dinate, s. a line in mathematics. 

Or'dinate, a. methodical : v. to appoint. 

Or'dinatcly, ad. in a regular manner. 

Ordina'tion, s. the act of ordaining. 



Or'dinative, a. directing ; giving orders. 
Ord'nance, s. cannon, heavy artillery. 
Or'donnance, *. disposition of figures in a 

picture ; disposition in any work of art. 
Or'dure, s. animal dung, filth. 
Ore, s. metal yet in its mineral state. 
O'rea.d, s. a nymph of the mountains. 
Or'gan, s. an instrument, especially a natural 

instrument ; a musical instrument. 
Or'gan -builder, .?. a constructor of organs. 
Organ'ic, Organ'ical, a. instrumental ; pro- 
duced by or relating to organs. 
OrgaVicaliy, ad. by means of organs. 
Organ'icalness, s. state of being organic&l. 
Organism, s. organieal structure. 
Organist, s. one who plays on the organ. 
Orgnniza'tion, s. the act of organizing ; a due 

construction of parts or organs. 
Or'ganize, v. to form organically. 
Or'gan-loft, s. the loft where the organ standa 
Or'gan-pipe, s. the pipe of a musical organ. 
Or'gan-stop, s. the stop of an organ. 
Or'gasm, s. a sudden or spasmodic excitement 
Or'gies, s. frantic revels ; rites of Bacchus. 
Orgil'lous, a. proud, haughty, lofty. 
Or'ichalch, s. a sort of brass. 
O'riency, ,?. brightness of color. 
O'rient, a. rising as the sun ; eastern ; bright ; 

S. the part where the sun rises ; the east. 
Orien'tal, .?. eastern, placed in the east : J. 

an inhabitant of the east. 
Orien'talism, s. an eastern mode of speech. 
Orien'talist, s. a native of the East ; one 

skilled in oriental literature. 
Orier.tal'ity, s. state of being oriental. 
Orifice, s. an opening or perforation. 
Orifiamb, J. a golden standard; the ancient 

royal standard of France. 
Or'igan, s. wild marjoram. 
Or'igin, s. beginning, source, descent. 
Ori"ginal, a. first, primitive ; s. origin, the 

beginning ; first copy, archetype. 
Original'ity, s. the being original. 
Ori"ginally. ad. primarily, at first. 
Ori"ginalness, s. originality. 
Ori"ginary, a. productive, primitive. 
Ori"ginate, v. to give origin to. 
Origination, s. the act of originating. 
Oril'lon, s. a term in fortification. 
Ori'on, s. a conspicuous constellation. 
Or'ison,*. a prayer: oral worship. 
Or'lop, s. a platform in the hold of a ship. 
Or-molu', [Fr.] s. a mixed metal resembling 

gold ; water-gold. 
Or'nament, s. decoration, embellishment. 
Ornament, v. to adorn, to embellish. 
Ornamcn'tal, a. giving embellishment. 
Ornamen'tallyjfld. in an ornamental manner. 
Or'namented, a. embellished, decorated. 
Or'nate, a. decorated, adorned : v. to adorn. 
Or'nately, ad. with decoration. 
Or'nateness, s. state of being adorned. 
Or'nature, .5. decoration ; embellishment. 
Ornis'copist, s. one who pretends to foretell 

events by the appearances of birds. 
Ornitholo"gical, a. relating to the natural 

history of birds. 
Ornitholo'gist, s. one versed in the natural 

history of birds ; a describer of birds. 
Ornithoi'ogy, s. that part of natural history 

which treats of birds. 

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Or'nithoniancy, 5. divination by birds. 
Orol'ogy, j. a treatise on mountains. 
Or'phan, s. a child bereaved of father or 

mother, or both : a. bereft of parents. 
Or'phanage, Or'phanism, s. state of an orphan. 
Or'phaned, a. bereft of parents. 
Orphanot'rophy, s. an hospital for orphans. 
Or'phean. Or'phic, a. pertaining to Orpheus. 
Or'piment. s. a mineral, yellow arsenic. 
Or'rery, s. an instrument which represents 

the revolutions of the heavenly bodies. 
Or'ris. s. a kind of gold fringe ; a flower. 
Or'thodox, a. sound in religious opinion and 

doctrine ; not heterodox. 
Or'thodoxly, ad. with soundness of opinion. 
Or'thodoxy, s. soundness in doctrine, &c. 
Orthodromics, Or'thodromy, s. the art of 

sailing in a straight course. 
Orthoep'ical, a. pertaining to orthoepy. 
Ortho'epist, s. a teacher of orthoepy. 
Ortho'cpy, s. correct pronunciation of words. 
Or'thogon, s. a rectangled figure. 
Orthog'onal, a. having right angles. 
Orthog'rapher, s. a correct speller. 
Orthographic, Orthographical, a. pertain- 
ing to orthography ; delineated according 
to the elevation ; (a delineation of the 
sphere on a plane that cuts it in the mid- 
dle is called an orthographic projection.) 
Orthographical ly, ad. according to the rules 

of spelling; according to the elevation. 
Orthography, s. the part of grammar which 
teaches how words should be spelled; the 
delineated elevation of a building. 
Orthol'ogy, s. right description of things. 
Or'tive, a. relating to the rising of a star. 
Ortolan, s. a delicate small bird. 
Orts, s. fragments, mere refuse. 
Os'ciliate, v. to move backward and forward ; 

to vibrate. 
Oscilla'tion, 5. the moving like a pendulum. 
Os'cillatory, a. swinging; vibratory. 
Os'citancy, Oscita'tion, s. the act of yawn- 
ing; unusual sleepiness; carelessness. 
Os'citant, a. yawning, sleepy, sluggish. 
Os'citate, v. to yawn, to gape. 
Oscula'cion, s. the contact between any 
curve and its osculatory circle; (literally, 
a kissing.) 
Os'culatory, a. having the same curvature as 
a curve at any given point ; pertaining to 
osculation. 
O'sier, s. a tree of the willow kind. 
Os'pray, s. a kind of eagle. 
Os'seous, a. bony, like bone; hard. 
Os'sicle, s. a small bone. 
Ossif'ic, a. having power to ossify. 
Ossifica'tion, s. change into bone. 
Os'sifrage, s. the ospray, a kind of eagle, so 
called because it breaks the bones of ani- 
mals to get at the marrow. 
Os'sify, v. to change to bone. 
Ossiferous, a. devouring bones. 
Os'suarv, a. a charnel-house. 
Ostensibil'itv, s. state of being ostensible. 
Ostensible, a. that may be shown, apparent. 
Ostensibly, ad. in appearance. 
Osten'sive, a. showing, betokening. 
Ostent', s. appearance, sh nv ; a portent. 
Os'tentatc, v. to display toastingly. 
Ostenta'tion, s. an outward or vain show. 



Ostenta'tious, a. fond of show ; vain. 
Ostenta'tiously, ad. with ostentation. 
Ostcnta'tiousness, s. the being ostentatious. 
Osteocol'la, a. a fossil (literally bone glue.) 
Osteol'oger, s. one who describes the bones. 
Osteologist, s. one skilled in osteology. 
Osteol'ogy, s. that part of anatomy which 

treats of the bones. 
Os'tiary, s. the mouth of a river. 
Ost'ler, s. one who takes care of horses. 
Ost'lery, s. the place or apartment belonging 

to the ostler. 
Os'tracism, 5. a mode of banishment by votes 

written on oyster shells. 
Os'tracize, v. to banish by the popular voice. 
Os'trich, *. a very large African bird. 
Os'trogoths, s. the Eastern Goths. 
Otacou'stic, a. assisting the sense of hearing: 

s. an instrument to facilitate hearing. 
Otal'gia, s. the earache. 
Oth'er, pron. not the same ; different. 
Oth'erwhere, ad. in some other place. 
Oth'erwhile, Oth'erwhiles, ad. at othertimes. 
Oth'crwise, ad. in a different manner. 
Otio'sc, a. free from business or toil. 
O'tium, [Lat.] s. leisure, ease. 
Ot'tar (of roses), s. an oily aroma extracted 

from roses or flowers ; a rich perfume. 
Ot'ter, s. an amphibious animal. 
Ot'toman, a. belonging to the Turks: s. a 
native of Turkey ; the Grand Seignor ; an 
elegant kind of hassock. 
Ouch, s. an ornament of gold. 
Ought, v. (past tense of Owe,) to be bound 

in duty ; to behove. 
Ounce, s. a lynx. 
Ounce, s. a small weight. 
Onphe, s. a fairy; a goblin. 
Our, pr. poss. belonging to us. 
Ouranog'raphy, s. description of the heavens. 
OttrscKves, pr the plural of Myself. 
Ou'sel, s. the blackbird. 
Oust. v. to take away, to eject. 
Ous'ter. s. dispossession ; ejection. 
Out, ad. not within, not at home ; not in 

office ; to the end ; loudly. 
Out, int. expressing aversion or expulsion. 
Out-act', 7). to do beyond, to exceed. 
Outbal'aiice, v. to exceed in weight or effect. 
Outbid', v. to bid more than another. 
Outbid'der, s. one that outbids. 
Outblush', v. to exceed in rosy color. 
Out'born, a. foreign, not native. 
Out'bound, a. destined to a distant voyage. 
Outbra've, v. to silence or bear down by a 
more daring demeanour; to outdo or sur- 
pass in finery. 
Outbra'zen, v. to bear down by the force of 

superior impudence. 
Out'break, Outbreaking, s. a breaking out. 
Outbud', v. to sprout forth. 
Outbuild', v. to exceed in building. 
Out'cast, s. an exile : a. cast out, rejected. 
Outcom'pass, v. to exceed due bouuds. 
Outcraft', v. to exceed in cunning. 
Out'cry, j. a cry of distress, noiie, clamour. 
Outcia're, v. to venture or dare beyond. 
Outdo', v. to excel, to surpass, go beyond. 
Outdrink', v. to exceed in drinking. 
Out'er. a. exterior, outward. 
Out'erly, ad. towards the outside. 



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Out'ermost, a. remotest from the midst. 
Outfa'cc, v. to brave or stare down. 
Out'fit, s. equipment for a voyage. 
Outflank', v. to extend the flank of one army 

beyond that of another. 
Outfly', v. to fly faster than another. 
Outfool', v. to exceed in folly. 
Out'gato, s. an outlet, a passage outward. 
Outgen'eral, v. to exceed in generalship. 
Outgiv'e, v. to surpass in giving. 
Outgo', v. to go beyond ; to surpass. 
Out'going, s. the act or state of going out ; 

outlay or expenditure ; the utmost limit. 
Outgrow', v. to surpass in growth. 
Out'guard, s. the advanced guard. 
Out-Her'od, v. to surpass Herod in violence 

of character (in allusion to his part in the 

old play of H-erod of JewryU 
Out'house, s. a barn, stable, or other build- 
ing attached to a dwelling-house. 
Outjest', v. to surpass in jesting, 
^utjug'gle, v. to exceed in juggling. 
Outkna've, v. to surpass in knavery. 
Out'lander, s. a foreigner, not a native. 
Outlandish, a. foreign, not native ; strange. 
Outlast', v. to exceed in duration. 
Out'law, s. one excluded from the benefit of 

the law ; a bandit, a robber : v. to exclude 

from the j:>roteetion of the law. 
Out'lawry, s. a decree by which a person is 

deprived of the protection of the law. 
Out'lay, s. a laying out, expenditure. 
Outleap', v. to surpass in leaping. 
Out'let, s. a passage or discharge outward. 
Outlie', v. to surpass in lying. 
Outline, s. the line by which any figure is 

defined ; a sketch ; a contour. 
Out'line, v. to delineate, to sketch. 
Outline, v. to survive, to live beyond. 
Outliv'er, s. one that outlives; a survivor. 
Outlook', v. to face down, to browbeat. 
Outlying, a. lying at a distance. 
Outmarch', v. to march quicker than. 
Outmeas'ure, v. to exceed in measure. 
Out'most, a. the most outward. 
Outnum'ber, v. to exceed in number. 
Outpa'cc, v. to outgo, to leave behind. 
Out'parish, 8. a parish without the walls. 
Out'part, s. a part remote from the centre. 
Out'porch, s. the outer porch , an entrance. 
Out'port, s. a port at some distance from the 

capital or chief port. 
Out'post, s. a military station beyond the 

limits of the camp, or men so placed. 
Outpour', v. to send forth in a stream. 
Out'pouring, s. a pouring out ; an effusion. 
Outpray', v. to exceed in prayer. 
Outpreaeh', v. to exceed in preaching. 
Outpri'ze, v. to exceed in estimated worth. 
Out'rage, s. violence; tumultuous mischief. 
Out'ragc, v. To injure violently ; to insult 

roughly and contumeliously. 
Ontra'gcous, a. violent, furious, excessive. 
Outra'geously, ad. violently, furiously. 
Outra'geousiicss, s. fury ; violence. 
Outre', a. [Vr-] extravagant ; odd. 
Outreach', v. to go beyond, to cheat. 
Outre'ason, v. to excel in reasoning. 
Outreck'on, v. to exceed in computation. 
Oi;iri'do, v. to surpass in riding. 
Outri'der. *. an attendant on horseback. 



Outright', ad. immediately, completely. 
Outri'val, v. to surpass in excellence. 
Out'road, s. an excursion. 
Out'roar, v. to exceed in roaring. 
Outroot', v. to root up, to eradicate. 
Outrun', v. to leave behind in running. 
Outsail', v. to leave behind in sailing. 
Outscorn', v. to bear down by contempt. 
Outscou'rings, s. substances scoured out. 
Outsell' v. to sell for a higher price. 
Out'set, s. opening ; beginning. 
Outshi'ne. v. to excel in lustre. 
Outshoot', v. to exceed in shooting. 
Out'side, s. the external or outer part. 
Outsit', v. to sit beyond the due time. 
Outskip', v. to avoid by flight. 
Out'skirt, s. a border, a suburb, an outpart. 
Outsleep', v. to sleep beyond proper time. 
Outsoar', v. to soar beyond. 
Outspeak', v. to speak beyond or longer. 
Outspread', v. to extend, to diffuse. 
Outstanding, a. unpaid ; projecting forward 
Outsta're, v. to face down, to browbeat. 
Outstep', v. to go beyond; to exceed. 
Outstorm', v. to overbear by storming. 
J Outstretch', v. to extend, to spread out. 
j Outstri'de. v. to surpass in striding. 
Outstrip', v. to outgo, to leave behind 
Outswear', v. to exceed in swearing. 
Outtalk', v. to talk down. 
Outtong'ue, v. to bear down by noise. 
Outval'ue, v. to transcend in price. 
Outvie', v. to exceed, to surpass, to excel. 
Outvo'iee, v. to exceed in clamour. 
Outvo'te, v. to exceed in the number of votes. 
Outwalk', v. to exceed in walking. 
Out' wall, 5. the outward part of a building 
Out'ward, a. external, foreign : apparent. 
Out'ward, ad. to foreign or outward parts. 
Outward-bound', a. proceeding from a port. 
Out'wardly, ad. in appearance, not sincerely ; 

externally, opposed to inwardly. 
Ont'wards, ad. towards the out parts. 
Outwatch', v. to surpass in watching. 
Outwear', v. to exceed in wearing. 
Outweep', v. to exceed in weeping. 
Outweigh', v. to exceed in weight. 
Outwit', v. to surpass in stratagem. 
Out' works, s. the outerparts of a fortification. 
O'val, s. a figure shaped like an egg. 
Oval, a. oblong, shaped like an egg. 
Ova'rious, a, consisting of, or like eggs. 
O'vary, j. a term in anatomy. 
O'vate, a. of an oval figure. 
Ova'tion, s. a minor kind of Roman triumph. 
Ov'en, s. an arched place for baking in. 
O'ver, prep, above, across, beyond or past : 

ad. so as to be upper or above ; beyond : 

a. upper, beyond or past. 
Overabound', v. to abound too much. 
Overact', v. to act more than enough. 
Overa'gitate, v. to agitate beyond bounds. 
O'veraUs, s. a kind of loose trousers. 
Overanx'ious, a. too careful. 
Overarch', v. to cover as with an arch. 
Overawe', v. to keep in awe, to terrify. 
Overbalance, v. to preponderate. 
Overbear', v. to bear down, to subdue. 
Overbearing, a. carrying things with a high 

hand ; haughty, despotic. 
Overbid', v. to offer more than the value. 



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OVE 



OVerboard, ad. off or out of the ship. 

Overboil', v . to boil too much. 

Over burden, ®. to load too much. 

Overburn', v. to burn too much. 

Overbus'y, a. too busy; officious. 

Overbuy', v. to buy too dear or too much. 

Overca're, s. excessive care or anxiety. 

Overca'reful, a. careful to excess. 

Overcar'ry, v. to hurry too far. 

Overcas't, a. clouded : v. to darken. 

Overcau'tious, a. too cautious. 

O'vercharge, s. an excessive charge. 

Overcharge, ®. to charge too much ; to load 
too much ; to crowd ; to burden. 

Overcloud', v. to cover with clouds. 

Overcloy', v. to fill beyond satiety. 

Overcom'e, v. to subdue, to vanquish. 

Overcount', v. to rate above the true value. 

Overdo', v. to do more than enough. 

O'verdose. s. too great a dose. 

Overdraw 7 , v. to draw more than is due. 

Overdress', v. to dress to excess. 

Overdrink', v. to drink to excess. 

Overdri've, v. to drive too hard or fast. 

Overea'ger, a. too vehement in desire. 

Overea'gerness, s. excess of earnestness. 

Overeye', v. to superintend ; to observe. 

Overfatigue, s. excessive fatigue : v. to fa- 
tigue to excess. 

Overfeed', v. to feed too much, to cram. 

Overfill', v. to fill to excess ; to surcharge. 

Overflow', v. to be full ; to deluge : s. inun- 
dation ; such a quantity as runs over. 

Overflow'ing, s. exuberance, copiousness. 

Overflowing, a. abundant ; copious. 

Overfreight', v. to load too heavily. 

Overfruit'ful, a. too rich ; too exuberant. 

Overgo', v. to exceed ; to surpass. 

Overgrow', v. to cover with growth ; to rise 
above ; to grow beyond the natural size. 

Overgrown', p. and a. grown too big ; huge. 

O'vergrowth, s . exuberant growth. 

Overha'le, v. See Overhaul. 

Overhan'dle, v. to handle too much. 

Overhang', ®. to jut over; to impend. 

Overha'stily, ad. in too great a hurry. 

Overha'stiness, s. precipitation. 

Overha'sty, a. too quick ; in too great haste. 

Overhaul', v. to examine over again. 

Overhead', ad. aloft ; in the zenith. 

Overhear', v. to hear privately that which it 
is not intended one should hear. 

Overheat', v. to heat too much. 

Overjoy 7 , v. to give great joy to; to transport 
with joy or delight. 

Over'joy, s. excessive joy, transport. 

Overla'bour, v. to take too much pains on 
any thing ; to harass with toil. 

Overla'de, v. to overburden, to overload. 

Overlap', v. to fold or wrap over. 

Overlar'ge, a. larger than enough. 

Overlay', v. to cover over ; to smother. 

Overlaying, s. a superficial covering. 
Overleap', v. to leap or jump over. 
Overlib'eral, a. abundant to excess ; too free 
Overload', ®. to burden with too much. 
Overlong', a. too long, longer than is meet, j 
Overlook', v. to superintend; to view from 
a higher place ; to pass by or over indul- 
gently ; to omit or neglect ; to glance over. 
Qverlook'cr, s. one who superintends. 



i Overlo've, v. to love too much. 

Overmast'ed, a. having too much mast. 
i Overmatch', v. to be too powerful for. 
j Overmeas'ure, s. excess of measure : v. to 

estimate too largely. 
| Oveimod'est, a. bashful ; affectedly modest. 
! O'vermost, a. over the rest in authority. 
| Overmuch', a. too much, more than enough : 

ad. in too great a degree. 
j Ovemi'ght, s. night before bed-time. 
\ OveroffT'cious, a. too busy or importunate. 
j Overpaint', v. to color too strongly. 

Overpass', v. to pass over ; to overlook. 

Overpay', v. to pay more than the price. 

Overpeer', v. to overlook ; to appear above. 

Overpersua'de, v. to persuade or influence 
against one's inclination. 

O'verplus, s. what remains, the surplus. 

Overply', s. to ply to excess. 

Overpoi'se. v. to outweigh, to preponderate. 

Overpol'ish, v. to polish too much. 

Over'ponderous, a. too weighty. 

Overpow'er, v. to oppress by power. 

Overpress', v. to crush, to overwhelm. 

Overpri'ze, v. to value at too high a price. 

Overprompt', a. too ready or eager. 

Overrank', a. too rank or luxuriant. 

Overra'te, v. to rate too highly. 

Overreach', v. to go beyond ; to deceive. 

Overreach'er, s. one that overreaches; a cheat. 

Overri'pe, a. too ripe ; past maturity. 

Overri'pen, v. to make too ripe. 

Overroast', v. to roast too much. 

Overrule, v. to control ; to supersede. 

Overruler, s. one who overrules. 

Overrun', v. to run or spread over ; to ravage. 

Overrun'ner, s. one that overruns. 
| Overscru'pulous. a. scrupulous to excess. 

O'versea, a. from beyond sea ; foreign. 

Oversee', v. to superintend, to overlook. 
I Overseer', s. a supervisor, a superintendent. 

Overset', v. to turn upside down ; to subvert ; 
to overthrow. 

Oversha'de, v. to cover with shade. 

Overshad'ow, v. to throw a shadow over ; to 
shelter, to cover, to protect. 

Overshoot', v. to shoot beyond the mark. 

Oversight, s. an omission ; a mistake. 

Oversi ze, v. to surpass in bulk. 

Overskip', v. to skip over ; co pass over. 
Oversleep', v. to sleep too long. 
Overslip', v. to pass undone, to neglect. 
Overspeak', v. to use too many words. 
Overspread', v. to cover or scatter over. 
Overstand', v. to stand too much upon terms. 
Overstep', v. to step beyond ; to exceed. 
Overstock', v. to fill too full ; to crowd. 
O'verstock, s. a superabundance. 
Overstrain', v. to stretch too far. 
Oversway', v. to overrule ; to bear down. 
Oversweir, v. to swell or rise above. 
O'vert, a. open, manifest, public, apparent. 
Overta ke, v. to come up with in a pursuit. 
ri >rtask', v. to impose too heavy duties upon. 
Overtax', v. to tax too heavily. 
Overthrow',®. to throw down.to ruin, to defeat. 
Overthrow, s. discomfiture ; destruction. 
Overthrow'er, s. he who overthrows. 
O'vcrthwart, a. opposite, perverse : prep. 

across : v. to oppose. 
Overthwart'ness, s. perverseness. 



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©vertr re, v. to subdue with fatigue. 
O'vertly, ad. openly, publicly, manifestly. 
Overton', v. to rise above the top ; to excel, 

to surpass. 
Overtow'er, v. to soar or tower above, 
©vertrip', v. to walk lightly over. 
O'verture, s. an opening ; a proposal ; an 

opening piece in a musical performance. 
Overturn', v. to throw down ; to subvert. 
Overturn'able, a. that may be overturned. 
Overvalue, s. to rate at too high a price. 
Overveil', v. to veil or cover over. 
Overweak', a. too weak, too feeble. 
Overween', v. to think too highly. 
Overvveen'ing, a. conceited ; presumptuous. 
Overween'ingly, ad. with arrogance. 
Overweigh', v. to exceed in weight. 
Overweight', s. preponderance. 
Overwhelm', v. to crush ; to bear down. 
Overwi'se, a. wise to affectation. 
Overwrought',/;, and a. laboured too much. 
Overzeal'ous, a. zealous or eager to excess. 
O'viform, a. having the shape of an egg. 
O'vine, a. pertaining to sheep. 
Ovip'arous, a. bringing forth eggs. 
O'volo, s. a kind of moulding so called from 

its resemblance to a string of eggs. 
Owe, v. to be. indebted ; to be obliged. 
Owl, s. a bird that flies by night. 
Owl'er, s. a dealer in contraband goods. 
Owi'ing, J. an offence against public trade ; 

the exporting of wool or sheep. 
Owl'ish, a. reiembliDg an owl, 
Owl'-light, s. glimmering or imperfect light. 
Owl'-likc, a. like an owl in look or habits. 
Own, a. belonging to, possessed, peculiar ; as 

" ruy own," " our own," &c. 
Own, v. to have or possess as one's own; to 

acknowledge or avow as one's own ; to ac- 
knowledge. 
Own'er, s. one to whom a thing belongs. 
Own'ership, s. property, rightful possession. 
Ow'ser, s. bark and water mixed in a tanpit. 
Ox, (pi. Oxen,) a bullock. 
Oxal'ic-acid, s. an acid extracted from wood- 
sorrel, or from sugar combined with potash, 

and which is in a high degree poisonous. 
Oxa'lis, s. the acid herb called sorrel. 
Ox'eyed, a. having large full eyes. 
Ox'gang, s. as much land as an ox can plough 

in a year, ordinarily about 15 acres. 
Ox'lip, Si the cowslip, a vernal flower. 
Ox'stah, s. the place where oxen are kept. 
Ox'ycrate, s. a mixture of vinegar and water. 
Oxyda'tion, s. absorption of oxygen. 
Ox'yde, s. a compound of oxygen and some 

other body, in such proportions as not to 

produce an acid. 
Ox'ydize, v. to impart oxygen ; to rust ; to 

absorb oxygen. 
Ox'ygem s. a gas which generates acids; the 

vital part of atmospheric air. 
Ox'ygenize, v. to acidify by oxygen. 
Oxy"genous, a. of the nature of oxygen. 
Ox'ymcl, s. mixture of vinegar and honey. 
Oxymo'ron, S. a rhetorical figure in which an 

epithet of u quite contrary signification is 

added to a word. 
Oxyr'ihodiiii', s. a mixture of oil of roses with 

vinegar of roses. 
Ox'ytoiie, a. having an acute sound. 



O'yer, [Fr.] s. a hearing. A court of "Oyer 

and Terminer " is one where causes are 

heard and determined. 
Oyez 7 , [Fr.] int. hear ye ! the introductory 

cry of a public crier when he gives out a 

proclamation. 
Oys'ter, s. a bivalve shell-fish. 
Oys'ter-shell, s. the covering of an oyster. 
Oys'terwench, Oys'terwoman, s. a woman 

whose business is to sell oysters. 
Ozas'na, s. an ulcer in the nostrils. 



Pab'ulous, a. affording provender or food. 

Pabula'tion, s. the act of feeding or procur- 
ing provender. 

Pab'ulum, [Lat.]s. aliment, food, provender. 

Pace, s. a step, gait ; a measure of five feet. 

Pace, v. to move slowly ; to measure by steps. 

Pa'ced, a. having a particular gait. 

Pa'cer, s. one that paces. 

Pacha', (Bashaw, ) s. the governor of aTurkisb 
province, district, or city. 

Pacha'lic, s. the jurisdiction of a pacha. 

Pachyder'matous, a. having a thick skin. 

Pacific, a. peace-making, mild, gentle. 

Pacifica'tion, s. the act of making peace. 

Pacifica'tor, s. a mediator or peacemaker. 

Pacificatory, a. tending to make peace. 

Pa"cifier, s. one who pacifies or appeases. 

Pa"cify, v. to appease, to calm. 

Pack, s. a large bundle tied up for carriage ; 
a set of cards ; a number of hounds. 

Pack, v. to bind or tie up goods ; to press or 
cram together : to press together with a 
fraudulent design; as, "to pack cards;" tc 
"pack a jury." 

Pack'age, s. a parcel of goods packed. 

Paek'er, s. one who packs up bales. 

Pack'et, s. a small pack or bundle ; a mail or 
bag of letters ; a ship that carries letters 
and passengers : v. to bind up in parcels. 

Pack'horse, s. a horse of burden. 

Pack'saddle, s. the saddle of a packhorse. 

Pack'staff, s. a staff by which a pedlar occa- 
sionally supports his pack. 

Pack'thread, s. twine used in packing. 

Pack'wax, 5. a tendinous substance attached 
to the muscles of the neck in brutes. 

Pa'co, Pa'cos, Alpa'ca, s. a South American 
animal, resembling a small camel. 

Pact, s. a compact, a bargain, an agreement. 

Pac'tion, s. a covenant, a contract. 

Pac'tional, a. pertaining to bargain. 

Pacti"tious, a. settled by covenant. 

Pad, s. a path or footway, a road ; a robber 
that infests the roads on foot ; an easy- 
paced horse. 

Pad, v. to travel gently ; to rob on foot. 

Pad'dle, s. the broad part of an oar ; an oar 
used by a single rower : v. to row ; to dab- 
ble or play with the hands or feet in water ; 
to finger. 

Pad'dle-box, s. one of the wooden projections 
covering the paddle-wheels in a steam-boat. 

Pad'dler, s. one who paddles. 

Pad'dock, s. a small enclosure for deer or 
other animals. 

Pad'dock, s. a toad or frog. 

Pad'dock-stool, s. the toad-stool 



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Pad'dy, s. rice in the husk. 

Pandeli'on, s. an herb, the lion's foot. 

Padlock, s. a pendent or hanging lock. 

Pad'lock, v. to fasten with a padlock. 

Pad'dockpipe, Pad'owpipe, s. an herb. 

Paduasoy', s. Padua silk ; a kind of silk stuff. 

Pse'an, s. a song of triumph or praise. 

Pa'gan, s. a heathen : a. heathenish. 

Pa'ganish, a. heathenish. 

Pa'ganism, s. heathenism. 

Pa'ganize, v. to render heathenish. 

Page, s. one side of the leaf of a book : v. 
to mark the pages of a book. 

Page, s. a boy attending on a great person. 

Pa"geant, s. a statue in a show ; a show, a 
spectacle ; any thing showy without dura- 
tion : a. showy, pompous, ostentatious. 

Pa"geantry, s. pomp, ostentation, show. 

Pa"ginal, a. consisting of pages. 

Pago'da, s. an Indian idol or temple ; an 
Indian coin, both of gold and silver. 

Paid. See the verb Pay. 

Pail, s. a wooden vessel for water, &c. 

Pail'ful, s. the quantity that a pail will hold. 

Paillasse, [Fr.] s. an under bed or mattress 
stuffed with straw. 

Pain, s an uneasy sensation ; suffering ; pun- 
ishment, penalty. 

Pain, v. to afflict with pain ; to make uneasy. 

Pain'fu], a. full of pain, afflictive ; difficult. 

Pain'fully, ad. with great pain ; laboriously. 

Pain'fulness, s. affliction ; laboriousness. 

Pai'nim, Pay'nim, s. a pagan, an infidel. 

Pain'less, a. free from pain or trouble. 

Pains, s. pi. labour, effort, trouble. 

Pains'taker, J. a laborious person. 

Pains'taking, a. industrious, laborious. 

Pains'taking, s. labour; great industry. 

Paint, s. colors for painting. 

Paint, v. to represent by colors ; to cover or 
adorn with colors ; to practise painting ; to 
describe. 

Paint'er, s. one who professes painting. 

Paint'ing, s. the art of representing objects 
by delineation and colors ; a picture. 

Pain'ture, s. the art of painting. 

Pair, s. two things suiting one another ; two 
of a sort ; a couple, a brace. 

Pair, v. to join in couples; to suit; to unite. 

Pal'aee, s. a royal abode ; a splendid house. 

Pal'adin, 5. a knight of the round table. 

Palass'tra, s. a place for athletic exercises. 

Palanquin', s. an Indian sedan or covered 
chair borne on men's shoulders. 

Pal'atable, a. pleasing to the taste. 

Pal'atal, a. pertaining to the palate : s. a 
letter pronounced by the aid of the palate. 

Pal'ate, s. the seat of taste ; mental relish. 

Pala'tial, a. pertaining to the palate. 

Pala'tial, a. befitting a palace ; magnificent. 

Pal'atic, a. belonging to the palate. 

Palat'inate, s. the province of a palatine 

Pal'atine, a. possessing certain royal privi- 
leges : s. one invested with regal privileges. 

Pal'ative, a. pleasing to the taste. 

Palav'er, s. superfluous talk : v. to flatter. 

Palo, <7. wan, whitish : v. to make pale. 

Pale, s. a flat stake used in making fences; 
an enclosure ; a di trict or jurisdiction ; a 
perpendicular stripe in an escutcheon. 

Pale, v. to enclose with pales. 



Palea'ceous, a. chaffy ; having chaff. 

Pa'le-faced, a. having a paie or wan face. 

Pa'lely, ad. wanly ; not ruddily. 

Paleness, s. wanness, want of color. 

Paleog'raphy, s. a description of ancient 
writings ; the science of explaining ancienl 
writings. 

Pa'leous, a. chaffy, husky. 

Pales'^rian, Pales'tric, Palcs'trical, a. be- 
longing to the exercise of wrestling. 

Pal'ette, s. a light oval board for holding 
painters' colors when mixed. 

Pal'frey, s. a small horse trained for ladies. 

Pal'freyed, a. riding on a palfrey. 

Palid'ity, Pallidness, s. paleness, wanness. 

Palifica tion, s. the practice of driving posts 
into the ground to make it firm. 

Pal'indrome, 5. a word or sentence which is 
the same read backwards or forwards. 

Pa'ling. s. a fence made of pales. 

Pal'inodc, s. a recantation. 

Palisa'de, Palisa'do, s. a fence or fortification 
formed with pales. 

Palisa'de, v. to enclose with palisades. 

Pa'lish, a somewhat pale, sickly. 

Pall, s. a cloak or mantle of state ; a cover, 
ing thrown over the dead : v to invest as 
in a pall. 

Pall, v. to become insipid, to cloy. 

Palla'dium, s. a statue of Pallas, on the pre- 
servation of which the safety of Troy was 
predicted to depend ; and hence a safe- 
guard or protection. 

Pai'let, s. a straw bed, a mean bed. 

Parliament, s. a robe, a dress, a garment. 

Pal'liard, s. a lewd person. 

Palliasse. Sec Paillasse. 

Pal'liate, v. to cloak, to extenuate, to excuse 

Palliation, s. extenuation ; mitigation. 

Pal'liative, a. extenuating, mitigating: s. 
that which extenuates or mitigates. 

Pal'lid, a. pale, not high-colored. 

Pall-mall', s. a game with a ball and mallet. 

Paim, s. a tree ; triumph ; part of the hand. 

Palm, v. to hide in the hand ; to cheat. 

Palm'ary, a. principal; capital. 

Pal'mated, a. broad or shaped like the hand ; 
web-footed. 

Palm'er, s. a pilgrim from the Holy Land. 

Palm'er-worm, s. a hairy caterpillar. 

Palmet'to, s. a species of the palm-tree. 

Palmif'erous, a. bearing palms. 

Pal'miped, s. any web-footed fowl. 

Pal'mipede, Palmiped'ous, a. web-footed. 

Pal'mister, s. one who deals in palmistry. 

Pal'mistry, s. the cheat of fortune-telling by 
lines in the palm of the hand. 

Palm-Sunday, s. the Sunday before Easter. 

Palm'y, a. bearing palms ; victorious. 

Palpability, s. the quality of being palpable. 

Pal'pable. a. that may be felt ; gross, plain. 

Pal'pableness, s. the being palpable. 

Pal'pably, ad. manifestly, plainly. 

Palpa'tion, s. the act of feeling. 

Pal'pitate, v. to beat as the heart ; to flutter. 

Palpita'tion, s. a throbbing of the heart. 

Pals'grave, s. a German title of honor. 

Pal'sy, .y. loss of feeling and voluntary mo- 
tion, paralysis. 

Pal'sy, v. to strike as with the palsy. 

Pal'ter, v. to shift, to dodge ; to squandci. 



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Pal'terer, s. one that palters. 

Pal'trincss, s. meanness ; worthlessness. 

Pa'ly, a. pale, wan. 

Pam, s. the knave of clubs. 

Pam'per, v. to feed luxuriously, to glut. 

Pam'plilct, s. a small stitched book. 

Pamphleteer', s. a writer of pamphlets 

Pan, *. a broad shallow vessel. 

Panace'a, s. an all-curing medicine. 

Pana'da, Pana'do, s. bread boiled in water. 

Pan'cake, J thin batter fried in a pan. 

Pancrat'ie, Pancrat'ical, a. excelling in all 

the gymnastic exercises. 
Pan'creas, s. a gland situated at the bottom 

of the stomach ; the sweetbread. 
Pancreat'ic, a. relating to the pancreas. 
Pan'dcct, s. a treatise which contains the 

whole of any subject ; a digest of the 

Roman civil law. 
Pandem'ic. a. incident to a whole people. 
Pandemo'nium, s. the great hall or council- 
chamber of the fallen angels; hell. 
Pan'der, s. a pimp, a male bawd, a procurer. 
Pan'der, v. to be subservient to the lust or 

passion of others (like Pandarus.) 
Pan'dcrism, *. the employment of a pander. 
Pandiculation, s. a yawning and stretching. 
Pane, s. a panel or square of glass. 
Pa'ned, a. composed of small squares. 
Panegyr'ic. s. an eulogy, encomium, praise. 
Panegyr'ical, a. bestowing praise. 
Panegyr'ist, s. a writer of panegyrics. 
Pan'egyrize, v. to praise highly, to eulogize. 
Pan'el, s. a square of wainscut, &c. ; a roll 

of jurors' names furnished by the sheriff. 
Pan'el, v. to form into panels. 
Pang, s. extreme and sudden pain. 
Pang, v. to give extreme pain to. 
Pan'ic, s. a sudden fright without cause : a. 

applied to a sudden and groundless fear. 
Pan'icle, *. the soft woolly beard of plants. 
Panifica'tion, s. the act of making bread. 
Panna'de, s. the curvet of a horse. 
Pan'nage, s. the food of swine in the woods. 
Pan'nel, s. a kind of rustic saddle. 
Pan'nier, *. a basket carried on horses. 
Pan'oply, *. complete armour. 
Panora'ma, s. a large circular painting, from 

the centre of which the beholder views 

distinctly all or the whole of the objects 

of the representation. 
Pansoph'ical, a. pretending to have a know- 
ledge of every thing. 
Pan'sophy, s. universal knowledge or wisdom. 
Pan'sy, s. the garden violet. 
Pant, v. to palpitate or beat as the heart; 

to wish earnestly for ; to long for. 
Pant, s. palpitation or motion of the heart. 
Pantaloon', s. a buffoon in a pantomime; pi. 

tight small-clothes reaching to the ancle. 
Pantamorphic, a. assuming all shapes, 
Pan'theism, s. the doctrine which teaches 

that the universe is the supreme God. 
Panthe'ist, .v. one who confounds God with 

the universe. 
Pantlieis'tic. a. relating to pantheism. 
Panthe'on, s an ancient temple dedicated to 

all the gods. 
Pan'ther, s. a spotted wild beast, a pard. 
Pan'tile. See Pontile. 
Pant'ing, s. a short and quick breathing. 



Pant'ingly, ad. with rapid breathing. 
Pan'tlcr, s. one who, in a great family, has 

charge of the bread. 
Pan'tofle, s. a slipper, a shoe. 
Pan'tograph, s.an instrument for copying all 

sorts of drawings. 
Pantograph'ic, a. performed by a pantograph. 
Pantom'eter, s. an instrument for measuring 

angles, elevations, and distances. 
Pan'tomime, s. one who expresses his mean- 
ing by mimicry or gesture, a buffoon ; a 

scenic representation in dumb show. 
Pantomim'ic, Pantomim'ical, a. representing 

only by gesture or dumb show. 
Pan'try, s. a store-room for provisions, &c. 
Pap, s. a nipple of the breast, a teat. 
Pap, s. soft food for infants ; pulp of fruit. 
Papa', s. a fond name for father. 
Pa'pacy, s. the popedom or papal dignity. 
Pa'pal, a. pertaining to the pope or papacy. 
Papav'erous, a. resembling poppies. 
Pa'per. s. a substance formed into thin sheets 

for writing and printing on ; any written 

document : a. made of paper ; thin, slight. 
Pa'per, ?'. to cover with or fold in paper. 
Paper-cred'it, s. credit obtained by means of 

any written paper obligation. 
Pa'per-maker, s. one who makes paper. 
Pa'per-mill, s. a mill to make paper in. 
Pa'per-money, s. bills of exchange ; bank 

and promissory notes. 
Pa'per-stainer, s. one who co.ors paper. 
Papes'eent, a. containing or like pap. 
Pa'phian, a. pertaining to Venus. 
Papier-mache', [Fr.] s. a substance made of 

paper reduced to a paste, from which va- 
rious articles are made. 
Papil'io, s. a butterfly. 
Papiliona'ceous, a. resembling a butterfly. 
Papil'lae, [ Lat. ]s.pl. the nipples of the breast. 
Pap'illary, Pap'illous, a. resembling paps. 
Pa'pist, s. one who maintains the supremacy 

of the Pope, but used offensively. 
Papis'tical, Papis'tic. a. pertaining to the 

doctrines of the Church of Rome. 
Pa'pistry. See Popery. 
Pap'pous, a. having soft light down, as the 

seeds of thistles. 
Pap'py, a. like pap, soft, succulent. 
Papy'rus, s. an Egyptian reed, from the 

leaves of which the ancients made paper. 
Par. s. a state of equality, equal value. 
Par'able, s. a comparison ; an allegory. 
Par'able, v. to represent by a parable. 
Parab'ola, s. one of the conic sections. 
Parabol'ical.a. expressed by a parable; also, 

having the form of a parabola. 
Parabol'ieally, ad. by way of parable; also, 

in the form of a parabola. 
Parab'olism, s. a term in algebra. 
Paracen'tric, a. deviating from circularity. 
Parach'ronism, s. an error in chronology. 
Parachu'te, s. an umbrella-like instrument, 

used to break a person's fall from a balloon, 

in case of accident. 
Par'aclete, s. an intercessor ; the Holy Spirit. 
Para'de, s. military order, guard; a place 

where troops assemble for review ; show, 

ostentation. 
Para'de, v. to assemble in military order ; to 

exhibit ostentatiously. 

K3 



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PAR 



Par'adigm, s. an example, a model. 

Paradigmat'ical, a. exemplary. 

Par'adise, s. the garden of Eden ; any place 
of felicity or bliss. 

Paradis'ean, Paradis'ian, a. paradisiacal. 

Paradisi'acal, a. pertaining to paradise. 

Par'adox, .v. that which is apparently contrary 
to opinion or absurd, but really true. 

Paradoxical, a. seemingly contradictory. 

Paradoxically, ad. in a paradoxical manner. 

Paradoxol'ogy, s. the use of paradoxes. 

Par'agon, s. a model, a pattern : v. to compare. 

Par'agram, s. a play upon words ; a pun. 

Paragram'matist, s. a punster. 

Paragraph, s. a distinct part of a discourse. 

Paragraphic, Paragraphical, a. divided into 
paragraphs ; denoting a paragraph. 

Paragraph'ically, ad. by paragraphs. 

Paralep'sis, Par'alepsy, s. in rhetoric, an ap- 
parent or pretended omission. 

Parallactic, a. pertaining to a parallax. 

Par'allax, s. the difference between the true 
and apparent elevation of a heavenly body. | 

Par'aliel, a. extending in the same direction 
and preserving at all points the same dis- 
tance ; like, similar. 

Par'aliel, s. a line which is at all points 
equidistant from another line; a circle 
marking the latitude. 

Par'aliel, v. to make parallel ; to compare. 

Par'allelable, a. that may be equalled. 

Par'ailelism, s. state of being parallel. 

Parallelogram, s. a quadrilateral figure, 
whose opposite sides areparailel and equal. 

Parallelopip'ed, s. a solid figure contained 
under six parallelograms, of which every 
opposite two are equal and parallel. 

Paral'ogism, Paral'ogy, s. a false argument. 

Par'alyae, v. to strike as it were with the 
palsy ; to deprive of motion or action. 

Paral'ysis, s. a palsy; loss of feeling. 

Paralyt'ie, Paralytica], a. struck by palsy ; 
palsied ; inclined to palsy. 

Par 'amount, a. superior : s. the chief. 

Par'amour, s. a lover or mistress. 

Par'anymph, s. a brideman ; a supporter. 

Par'apegm, s. a brazen table fixed to a pillar, 
on which laws, &c. were anciently engraven. 

Par'apet. .v. a wall breast high. 

Parapher'ual, a. pertaining to paraphernalia. 

Parapherna'lia, s. things brought by and be- 
longing to a wife ; apparel, ornament. 

Par'aphrase, s. an explanation in many words; 
a free translation. 

Par'aphrase, v. to translate with latitude. 

Par'aphrast, s. a lax or loose interpreter. 

Paraph ras'tic, Paraphras'tical, a. lax in in- 
terpretation ) not literal, not verbal. 

Paraphras'tically, ad. by paraphrase. 

Par'asang, s. a Persian measure of length. 

Parasce'nium, s. the back part of a stage. 

Par'asite, s. a flatterer, a sycophant. 

Parasit'ie, a. in botany, growing to and sup- 
ported by other plants. 

Parasit'ical, a. like a parasite. 

Parasit'ically, ad. in a nattering manner. 

Parasol', s. asmall umbrella carried over the 
head to keep off the sun. 

Parboil, v. to boil in part, to half boil. 

Par'cel, s. a portion ; a small bundle. 

Par'cel, v. to divide into portions. 



Par'ccner, s. a co-heir or joint inhei'itor. 

Par'cenery, s. a joint tenure or inheritance. 

Parch, v. to burn si ightly, to scorch, to dry up. 

Parch'edness, s. state of being parched. 

Parch'ment, a 1 , skins dressed for writing on. 

Pard, s. the leopard, a spotted beast. 

Par'don, s. forgiveness, remission. 

Par'don, v. to forgive, to remit, to excuse. 

Par'donable, a. that may be pardoned. 

Par'don ableness, s. the being pardonable. 

Par'donably, ad. in an excusable manner. 

Par'doner, s. one who pardons. 

Pare, v. to cut off the surface ; to cut off or 
dimmish by little and little. 

Paregor'ic, a. having the power to assuage or 
mitigate : s. an anodyne medicine. 

Paren'ehyma, s. a spongy or porous substance. 

Pareuchym'atous, a. spongy, soft, porous. 

Parene'sis, s. persuasion, exhortation. 

Parenet'ic, Parenet'ical, a. encouraging. 

Pa'rent, i". a father or mother. 

Par'entage, s. birth, extraction, descent. 

Parent'al, a. pertaining to parents. 

Parenta'tion, s. something done or said in 
honor of the dead. 

Paren'thcsis, 5. a sentence or clause inserted 
within another sentence, distinguished by 
the following marks ( ). 

Parenthet'ical, a. using parentheses. 

Parenthetically, ad. in a parenthesis. 

Paren'ticide, s. the killer of a parent. 

Pa'ientlcss, a. destitute of parents. 

Pa'rer, s. a tool to cut away the surface. 

Par'ergy, s. something unimportant. 

Par'get, s. a plaster for ceilings : v to plaster. 

Parhe'lion, s. a mock sun. 

Pari'al, s. three cards of a sort. 

Parie'tal, a. constituting sides or walls. 

Pa'ring, s. that which is pared off: the rind. 

Par'ish, s. a district or division of land un- 
der a priest having the cure of souls. 

Parish'ioner, s. one that belongs to the parish. 

Paris'ian, s. a native of Paris. 

Paris'ian, a. of or belonging to Paris. 

Parisyllab'ic, a. having equal syllables. 

Par'itor, s. an apparitor or snmmoner. 

Par'ity, s. equality, resemblance, likeness. 

Park, s. an enclosure for beasts of chase. 

Park of artillery, s. the entire train or body. 

Parlance, s. conversation, talk, idiom. 

Parley, s. conversation, oral treaty. 

Par'ley, v. to treat byword of mouth, to talk. 

Parliament, 5. the assembly of the three 
estates, the King, Lords, and Commons. 

Parliamentarian, s. one of those who in the 
time of Charles I. adhered to the parlia- 
ment : a. attached to the parliament. 

Parliamentary, a. enacted by parliament, 
suiting or pertaining to parliament. 

Par'lour, s. a reception or conversation room. 

Par'lous, a. keen, shrewd, waggish. 

Paro'chial, a. pertaining to a parish. 

Parochial'ity, s. state of being parochial. 

Paro'chially, ad. in a parish ; by parishes. 

Paro'chian, a. belonging to a parish. 

Paro'chiaii, s. a parishioner. 

Parod'ical, a. after the manner of parody. 

Par'ody, s. a change of another's words, 89 
as to give his composition a burlesque cr 
ludicrous meaning 

Par'ody 1 , v . to copy by way of parody. 



PAR 



203 



PAS 



Paro'l, a. given by word of mouth. 
Parole, S. a verbal promise or declaration. 
Paron'ymous, a. mar to or resembling an- 
other word in meaning. 
Paroquet', s. a small species of parrot. 
Parot'id, a. salivary ; near the ears. 
Par'oxysm, s. extremity of disease; a fit. 
Paroxys'mal, «. subject to paroxysms. 
Par'rel, s. a machine to fasten the yards to 

the mast, so as to raise or lower them. 
Par'ricidal, a. relating to parricide. 
Partjcide, s. one who murders his father. 
Par'rot. s. a well-known bird. 
Party, v. to put by thrusts ; to ward off. 
Parse, v. to resolve into the parts of speech. 
Parsimo'nious, a. sparing, frugal ; covetous. 
Parsimo'niously, ad. sparingly ; covetously. 
Parsimo'niousness, s. a disposition to save. 
Par'simony, s. niggardliness, covctousnes3. 
Pars'ley, s. a well-known herb. 
Pars'nep, Pars'rup, a - , an edible root. 
Par/son. s. a clergyman, a priest. 
Par'sonage. .9. the benefice of a parson ; the 

manse or house of a parson. 
Part, s something less than the whole; a 
portion ; a share ; concern or interest ; 
side : pt. faculties or intellectual powers. 
Part, v. to divide into parts ; to distribute ; 
to separate ; to keep asunder ; to go away 
Part'age, s. the act of sharing ; a division. 
Parta'ke, v. to participate, to have part in. 
Parta'ker, s. an associate, a sharer. 
Farter 're,.?, a level ground ; a flower-garden. 
Partial, a. inclined to favor one party more 
than the other ; affecting only one part ; 
not general. 
Partial ist, s. one who is partial. 
Partial'! t y, s. inclination to favor one party 
more than another ; stronger inclination to 
one thing than another. 
Par'tialize, v. to make partial. 
Par'tially, ad. with undue bias ; in part. 
Partibil'ify, s. quality of being partible. 
Part'ible, a. divisible, separable. 
Participant, a. sharing : s. a sharer. 
Participate, v. to partake, to have a share. 
Participation, s. the act of sharing ; division. 
Partf'cipative, a. capable of partaking. 
Particip'ial. a. of the nature of a participle. 
Particip'ially, ad. in manner of a participle. 
Participle, s. a word partaking of the quali- 
ties both of a verb and an adjective. 
Particle, s. a minute part or portion ; a small 
indeclinable word. 

Particular, a. pertaining to a part; indivi- 
dual, single ; singular, odd : s. a single 
instance ; a separate or minute part. 

Particularity, s. something particular. 

Partic'ul.iri/.o, v. to mention distinctly. 

Partic'ularly, ad. distinctly, peculiarly. 

Parting, a- a division, a separation. 

Partisan, s. an adherent to a party. 

Partisan, s. a kind of pike or halberd. 

Parti"; i. m, s. the act of dividing; division. 

Parti"tion, v. to divide into distinct parts. 

Partitive, a. distributive. 

Partitively, ad distributively. 

Part'ler, s. a ruff or bai.d ; a (ruffled) hen 

Part'ly. ad. in part ; in some measure. 

Pari'ner. s. a sharer; an associate. 

Part'ncr.diip, s. joint interest or property 



Part'ridge, s. a bird of game. 
\ Parts, s. pi. qualities, faculties, districts. 

Partu'rient, a. about to bring forth. 
I Parturi"tion, s. a parturient state. 

Party, s. a number of persons united in 
opinion or design ; one of two litigants ; 
one concerned in any affair ; cause, side ; a 
select company ; a detachment. 

Party-colored, a. having different colors. 

Par'ty-jury, s. a jury in some trials, half 
foreigners and half natives. 

Party-man, s. an abettor of a party. 

Party-wall, s. a wall that separates houses. 

Par'vitude, Par'vity, s. littleness. 

Pas, [Fr.] s. a step ; the right of precedence. 
J Pasch, s. the passover ; the feast of Easter. 
I Pas'chal, a. relating to the passover. 
j Pasque flower, s. the Easter flower. 

Pas'quin, Pasquina'de, s. a lampoon. 
j Pasquina'de, v. to lampoon, to satirize. 
1 Pass, v. to move onward, to go beyond ; to 
cause to move onward ; to enact a law ; to 
omit ; to thrust ; to be current : s. a nar- 
row entrance or passage ; an order or per- 
mission to pass ; a thrust. 

Pass'able, a. easily passed ; tolerable. 

Pass'ably, ad. tolerably ; moderately. 
I Passa'de, Passa'do, s. a thrust in fencing. 

Pass'age, s. the act of passing ; a narrow en- 
trance ; a road ; a journey ; an incident ; 
part of a book. 

Pas'sant, [Fr.]a. cursory, careless. En pas- 
sant, by the way ; slightly. 

Pass'enger, s. a traveller, a wayfarer. 

Pass'er, s. one who passes. 

Pass'erine, a. of the sparrow kind. 

Passibil'ity, s. the quality of receiving im- 
pressions from external agents. 

Pas'sible, a. that may be impressed. 

Pass'ing. p. moving on : a. transient : ad. 
exceedingly. 

Pass'ing-bell, s. a death-bell. 

Pas'sion, s. any violent emotion of the mind ; 
anger ; love ; zeal ; suffering. 

Pas'sionate, a. moved by passion; vehement; 
easily angered. 

Pas'sionately, ad. with desire ; angrily. 

Pas'sionateness, s. vehemence of mind. 

Pas'sioncd, a. disordered ; violently affected. 

Pas'sionless, a. not easily moved ; cool. 

Pas'sion-flower, s. a kind of flower. 

Pas'sion-week, *. the week before Easter. 

Pas'sive, a. unresisting ; suffering. 

Pas'sivoly, ad. in a passive manner. 

Pas'sivcness, Passiv'ity, .9. the being passive. 

Pass'less, a. having no passage. 

Pass'over, s. a Jewish festival (in commem- 
oration of the angel's passing over the 
houses of the Israelites when he smote the 
first-born of the Egyptians. ) 
i Pass'port, s. permission in writing to pass. 

Past, p. and a. gone through, spent ; not 
present : s. the time that has passed. 
j Past, prep, beyond ; above ; after. 
I Paste, s. any viscous tenacious mixture. 
j Pa'steboard, s. a thick kind of paper. 

Pas'tel, A", woad, a coloring substanoc. 

Pas'tern, s. the part of a horse's leg between 
the joint next to the foot and the hoof. 
I Pastic'cio, [Ital.] s. an olio ; a medley. 
i Pas'til, s. a kind of crayon. 



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Pastille, [Fr.] s. a roll of paste ; a perfume 
for scenting chambers. 

Pas'time, s. sport, recreation, diversion. 

Pas'tor, s. a shepherd ; a clergyman. 

Pas'toral, a. rural, rustic, like shepherds. 

Pas'toral, s. a rural poem, a bucolic. 

Pas'torly, a. becoming a pastor. 

Pas'torship, j. the office of a pastor. 

Pa'stry, s. pics or baked paste. 

Pa'stry-cook, s. one who makes pastry. 

Pas'turable, a. fit for pasture. 

Pas'turage, s. grounds grazed by cattle. 

Pas'ture, s. land on which cattle feed ; grass. 

Pas'turc, v. to place in a pasture ; to gTaze. 

Pa'sty, s. a pie of crust raised without a dish. 

Pa'sty, ft. made of or covered with paste. 

Pat, a. fit, convenient, exactly suitable. 

Pat, s. a quick light blow ; a tap. 

Pat, v. to strike lightly ; to tap. 

Patacoon', s. a Spanish coin, value As. 8d. 

Patch, v. to put on patches, to mend. 

Patch, s. a piece sewed on a garment. 

Patch 'er, s. one who patches ; a botcher. 

Patch'ery, s. bungling work, botchery. 

Patch 'work, s. work composed of small pieces 
of different colors ; a clumsily executed 
work ; a made-up clumsy thing. 

Pate, s. the head (used in ridicule.) 

Patefac'tion, s. the act or state of opening. 

Patel'la, s. the cap of the knee. 

Pat'on, s. the cover of a chalice; a plate. 

Pat'ent, ft. open to the perusal of all ; plain. 

Pat'ent, s. an exclusive right or privilege. 

Patentee', s. one who has a patent. 

Pater'nal, ft. fatherly ; hereditary. 

Pater'nity, s. the relation of a father. 

Pa'ter-nos'ter, s. the Lord's prayer. 

Path, Path/way, s. a way, a road, a track. 

Pathet'ie, Pathet'ical, a. moving the passions 
or feelings ; passionate. 

Pathet'ical ly, ad. in a pathetic manner. 

Pathet'icalness, s. the being pathetic. 

Path'less, a. untrodden, not known. 

Pathog'nomy,.?. a knowledge of the symptoms 
by which any state of passion is indicated. 

Patholo"gical, ft. relating to pathology. 

Pathologist, s. one who treats of pathology. 

PathoTogy, s. the doctrine of diseases, their 
causes, effects, and differences. 

Pa'thos, s. strong or deep feeling ; 2)assion. 

Pat'ible, a. sufferable, tolerable. 

Pa'tience, s. the quality of being patient. 

Pa'tient, ft. suffering, enduring; calm. 

Pa'tient, s. one who suffers under disease. 

Pa'tiently, ad. with patience, quietly. 

Pat'ly, ad. fitly, opportunely, suitably. 

Pat'ness, s. fitness ; suitableness. 

Pa'triareh, s. a head of a family or church. 

Patriarchal, a. pertaining to patriarchs. 

Patriarchate, s. jurisdiction of a patriarch. 

Pa'triarchy, s. jurisdiction of a patriarch. 

Patri"eian, a. senatorial : s. a nobleman. 

Patrimo'nial, ft. possessed by inheritance. 

Patrimo'nially, ad. by inheritance. 

Pat'rimony, s. an estate possessed by inheri- 
tance from one's fathers. 

Pa'triot, s. a real lover of his country : a. 
loving one's country, patriotic. 

Patriotic, ft. full of patriotism. 

Pa'triotism, s. love or zeal for one's country. 

Patrocina'tion, s. a patronizing. 



Patro'l, s. a guard that goes the rounds of a 
camp or garrison ; the act of patrolling : v. 
to go round as a patrol. 

Pa'tron, s. one who patronizes ; one who has 
the right of presentation to a living. 

Pat'ronage, s. protection, support; advowson. 

Pa'tronal, ft. protecting, supporting. 

Pa'troness, s. a female patron. 

Pat'ronize, v. to encourage as a patron, to 
support, to protect. 

Pat'ronizer, s. one who patronizes. 

Pa'tronless, a. not having a patron. 

Patronyin'ic, s. a name derived from a father 
or ancestor. 

Pat'ten, s. a clog shod with an iron ring. 

Pat'ter, v. to make a noise, like hail. 

Pat'tern, s. a specimen, a model. 

Pat'ty, s. a little pie. 

Pat'typan, s. a pan to bake patties in. 

Pat'ulous, ft. having an expanded flower. 

Paueil'oquent, a. using few words. 

Paueil'oquy, s. the utterance of few words, 

Pau'city, s. smallness, fewness. 

Paunch, 5. the belly, the stomach : v. to taka 
out the paunch ; to eviscerate. 

Pau'per, s. a poor person who receives alms. 

Pau'perism, s. the state of poverty 

Pause, s. a stop, a cessation : v. to stop, to 
cease, to wait. 

Pau'scr, s. one who pauses or deliberates. 

Pau'singly, ad. after a pause : by pauses. 

Pav'an, Pav'in, s. a kind of light dance. 

Pave, v. to floor with paving-stones ; to pro- 
pare the way for. 

Pave', [Fr.] s. the pavement, the street. 

Pa'vemcnt, s. a stone or brick floor. 

Pa'ver, Pa'vier, s. one who paves. 

Pavil'ion, s. an ornamented tent ; a building 
with a dome : v. to furnish with tents. 

Pa'ving, s pavement of stone, brick, &c. 

Pav'onine, a. resembling a peacock's tail. 

Paw, s. the foot of a beast of prey. 

Paw, v. to handle as with paws ; to fawn. 

Paw'ing, s. a striking with the fore-foot. 

Paw'ky, ft. arch, cunning, artful. 

Pawn, s. a piece at chess. See Peon. 

Pawn, s. something given as a pledge. 

Pawn, v. to pledge, to give in pledge. 

Pawn'broker, s. one who lends money on 
goods which he receives upon pledge. 

Pawnee', s. the receiver of a pawn. 

Pay, .9. wages, hire, money for services. 

Pay, v. to discharge a debt, to reward. 

Pay'able, a. due, that ought to be paid. 

Pay'day, s. the day for payment. 

Payee', s. one to whom money is paid. 

Pay'er, s. one who makes payment. 

Pay'master, *-. one from whom wages are re- 
ceived ; an officer that pays troops. 

Pay'ment, *-. the act of payment ; a reward. 

Pea, a a well-known kind of pulse. 

Peace, s. respite from war; quiet, rest. 

Peace, int. silence ! hist! 

Pea'ceable, a. quiet ; free from war. 

Pea'ceableiiess, s. state, of being peaceable. 

Pea'ceably, ad. without war ; quietly. 

Pea'ceful, ft. pacific, mild, undisturbed. 

Pea'cefully, ad. quietly, mildly, gently. 

Pea'cefulness, s. quiet; freedom from war. 

Pea'ecless, ft. wanting peace ; disturbed. 

Pca'cemaker,A-.one who reconciles differences. 



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Pea'ce-offering, 5. a sacrifice offered to God 
for atonement and reconciliation. 

Peach, v. (to impeach) to accuse. 

Peach, *. a delicious fruit. 

Peach 'colored, a. of the color of a peach. 

Pea'chick, s. the chicken of a peacock. 

Pea'cock, s. a fowl of beautiful plumage. 

Pea'hen, s. the female of the peacock. 

Peak, s. the top of a hill ; any thing point- 
ed ; the fore part of a head-dress. 

Peak, v. to look thin or sickly ; to sneak. 

Peak'ish, a. having peaks; like apeak. 

Peal, s. a succession of loud sounds, aa of 
bells, thunder, cannon, &c. 

Peal, v. to utter loud and successive sounds. 

Pear, s. a well-known fruit. 

Pearl, s. a precious gem ; a film on the eye. 

Pearl'-ash, s. an alkali from wood ashes. 

Pearl'ed, a. adorned or set with pearls. 

Pearl'-eyed, a. having a speck in the eye. 

Pearl' oyster, s. the testaceous fish which 
produces pearls. 

Pearl'stonc, s. a volcanic mineral. 

Pearl'wort, Pearl'grass, *. a plant. 

Pearl'y, a. abounding with or like pearls. 

Pear'main, s a kind of apple. 

Pear'tree, s. the tree that bears pears. 

Pcas'ant, s. a rustic, a hind, a labourer. 

Peas'antlike, Peas'antly, a. rustic, clownish. 

Peas'antry. s. peasants, country people. 

Peas'cod, Pea'shell, 5. the husk of peas. 

Pease, s. peas collectively, or as food. 

Peat, s. a species of turf for fuel. 

Peat'y, a. of the quality of peat. 

Peb'ble, s. a small rounded stone. 

Peb'bled, Peb'bly, a. full of pebbles. 

Peceabil'ity, $. the being subject to sin. 

Pec'cablc, a. liable to sin. 

Peccadillo, [Sp.] s. a slight crime or sin; 
a petty offence. 

Pec'caney, 5. bad quality, offence. 

Pec'cant, a. sinning, guilty, corrupt. 

Peck, s. the fourth part of a bushel. 

Peck, v. to pick tip food with the beak ; to 
strike with the beak ; to carp at. 

Peck'er, s. one that pecks ; a bird. 

Pec'tinal, a. resembling a comb. 

Pec'tinated, a. formed like a comb. 

Pectina'tion, s. resemblance to a comb. 

Pec'toral, a. pertaining to the breast : s. a 
medicine to strengthen the chest; some- 
thing to protect the breast ; a breast-plate. 

Pcc'ulate, v. to defraud the public. 

Peculation, s. theft of public money. 

Pec'ulator, s. a robber of the public. 

Pecu'har, s. the exclusive property. 

Pecu'liar, a. particular, proper, appropriate. 

Peculiarity, s. particularity ; oddness. 

Pecu'Iiarizfc, v. to make peculiar. 

Peculiarly, ad. particularly, singularly. 

Pecu'nian , a. pertaining to money; consist- 
ing of money. 

Ped, .y. a small pack-saddle, a hamper. 

Pedago"gical, a. suiting a schoolmaster. 

Ped'agogism, s. the business of a pedagogue. 

Ped'agngue, .1. a schoolmaster, a pedant. 

Ped'al, a. pertaining to the foot. 

Pcd'al, s. that part of a musical instrument 
which is acted upon by the feet. 

Ped'ant, s. one vainly ostentatious of his 
learning, a pedagogue. 



Pedan'tic, Pedan'tical, a. like a pedant. 

Pedan'tieally, ad. in a pedantic manner. 

Ped'antize, is. to play the pedant, 

Ped'antry, s. ostentation of learning. 

Ped'ate, a. divided like toes. 

Ped die, v. to be busy about trifles ; to sell or 
deal in petty matters. 

Ped'dling, a. petty, trifling, unimportant. 

Pedere'ro, Patere'ro, s. a small swivel gun. 

Ped'estil, s. the basis or foot of a statue. 

Pedes'trial, Pedes'trious, a. going on foot. 

Pedes'trian, j. one who makes a journey on 
foot ; a good walker : a. on foot. 

Ped'icle, s. the footstalk of a flower or fruit, 

Pedic'ular, Pedie'uJous, a. lousy. 
J Ped'igree, s. genealogy, lineage, descent-. 

Ped'imer.t, . an ornamental projection to a 
building, a door, or window. 

Ped'ler, s. one who travels about the country 
to sell petty commodities. 

Pedle'ry, .1. wares sold by pedlers. 

Ped'ling, *. trifling, petty, or paltry dealing. 

Pedobap'tism, s. infant baptism. 

Pedobap'tist, s. one who holds infant baptism. 

Podom'eter, s. an instrument by which the 
paces of the feet are numbered, and dis- 
tances measured. 

Ped uncle. Seo Pedicle. 

Pedun'eular, a. pertaining to a peduncle. 

Peel, v. to strip of the skin or bark ; to rob. 

Peei, s. the rind ; a board used by bakers. 

Peel'er, s. one who peels ; a robber. 

Peep, s. a .sly look ; first faint appearance. 

Peep, v. to look slily, closely, or curiously. 

Peep'er. s. one who looks cautiously or slily. 

Peep'holc, s. a hole through which one may 
look without being discovered. 

Peer, s. an equal in rank : a nobleman. 

Peer, v. to come just in sight, to pee];. 

Peer'age, Peer'dom, s. dignity of a peer. 

Peer'ess, s. wife of a peer : a lady ennobled. 

Peer'less, a. unequalled, having no peer. 

Peer'lessly^rf without an equal ; matchlessly. 

Peer'lcssness, a\ the being peerless. 

Pee'vish, a. irritable, easily offended. 

Pee'vishly, ad. petulantly, 'fretfully. 

Pee'vishness, A', petulance, fretfulness. 

Peg, s. a wooden pin or fastener. 

Peg, v. to fasten with a peg. 

Peiras'tie. a. attempting ; making trial. 

Pe'koe, s. a species of tine black tea. 

Pela'gian, s. one who denies the doctrine of 
original sin, and trusts to good works. 

Pelf, s. money, riches, paltry stuff. 

Pel'ican, s. a large bird with a long beak and 
a pouch in which it keeps a supply of water 
for itself and its young. Hence it has been 
supposed that it admits its young to suck 
blood from its breast. 

Pelisse', s. a kind of coat or robe. 

Pellet, s. a little ball or bullet. 

Pel'leted, a. consisting of balls or bullets. 

Pcl'liole, s. a thin skin, a film. 

Pel'litory. s. a species of herb. 

Pell-mell', ad. confusedly, tumultuously. 

Pells, s. an office in the Exchequer. 

Pollu'cid, a. transparent, clear, bright. 

Pellucid'ity, s. pellueidness, transparency. 

Pellu'cidness, s. the state of being pellucid. 

Pelt, s. a skin, a hide. 

Polt, v. to assail as with pellets, to throw at. 



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Pelta, g. a small kind of ancient buckler. 

Pel'tate, a. shaped like a round shield. 

Pelt'er, s. one who pelts or throws at. 

Pelting, p. and a. throwing at ; paltry. 

Pelt'monger, s. a dealer in new hides. 

Pelt'ry, s . furs or skins in general. 

Pelt'wool. s. wool pulled off the skin. 

Pel' vis, [Lat.] 5. the lower part of the belly. 

Pen, s. an instrument for writing ; a feather : 
v. to write. 

Pen, v. to coop, to shut up : s. an enclosure 

Pe'nal, a. enacting or inflicting punishment. 

Pen'alty, s. a punishment, forfeiture. 

Pen'anee, s. an infliction for sin ; repentance. 

Pence, j. tiie plural of Penny. 

Pen'cil, s. a tool for drawing and painting. 

Pon'cil, v. to form with a pencil ; to paint. 

Pen'dant. s. an earring; an ornament ; a flag. 

Pen'dence, s. slope, inclination. 

Pen'dcncy, s. suspense ; delay of decision. 

Pen'dent, a. hanging, jutting over. 

Pend'ing, a. depending, undecided. 

Pendulos'ity, Pen'dulousness, s. suspension. 

Pen'dulous, a. hanging, not supported below 

Pen'duhun, s. -any weight hung to swing 
backwards and forwards, &c. 

Pen'etrable, a. that may be penetrated. 

Penetrabii'ity, s. the being penetrable. 

Pen'etrancy, s. the power of penetrating. 

Pen'etrant, a. having power to pierce. 

Pen'etrate, v. to pierce, to enter ; to reach or 
affect the mind ; to get at the meaning. 

Penetration, s. a piercing through ; sagacity. 

Pen'etratiye, a. piercing, sharp, discerning. 

Pen'etrativeness, s. the being penetrative. 

Pen'guin. s. a large aquatic fowl with short 
legs and small wings; a West Indian fruit. 

Penin'sula, s. a portion of land almost sur 
rounded by water. 

Penin'sular, a. pertaining to a peninsula. 

Penin'sulate, v. to form a peninsula. 

Penin'sulated, a. almost surrounded bywater, 

Penitence, s. repentance, sorrow for sin. 

Pen'itent, a. repentant, contrite for sin. 

Pen'itent, s. one sorrowful for sin. 

Peniten'tial, a. expressing penitence. 

Peniten'tial, s. a book directing penance. 

Penitentiary, s. one who prescribes penance ; 
one who docs penance ; a house of correc- 
tion : a. relating to penance. 

Penitently, ad. with sorrow for sin. 

Pen'knife, s. a knife used to cut pens. 

Peu'man, s. a writer ; a teacher of writing. 

Pen'manship, s. the act or art of writing. 

Pen'nated, a. having wings. 

Pen'nant, s. a small flag, a streamer. 

Pen'ncd, a. winged ; plumed. 

Pen'nii'o: ii, a. of the form of a feather. 

Pen'niless, a. moneyless, poor, distressed. 

Pen'non. y. a small flag or banner. 

Pen'ny. s. the 12th part of a shilling. 

Pennyroyal, s. a plant. 

Pen'nyweight, $. 24 grains troy weight. 

Pen'nywise, a. saving small sums at the 
hazard of larger. ( " Penny wise and 
pound foolish.") 

Pen'ny worth, .y. the value of a penny; some- 
thing advantageously bought; a bargain. 

Pen'silr. a. hanging, suspended. 

Pen's' leness, s. the state of hanging. 

Pen'sion, 5. a settled annual allowance* 



Pension, v. to support by an allowance. 

Pen'sionary, s. one receiving a pension. 

Pen'sionary, a. maintained by a pension. 

Pen'sioner, s. one who receives a pension. 

Pen'sive, a. thoughtful ; melancholy. 

Pen'sively, ad. in a pensive; manner. 

Pcn'siveness, s. gloomy thoughtfuiness. 

Pen'tachord, s. a five-stringed instrument. 

Pen'tagon, s. a figure with five angles. 

Pentag'onal, a. having five angles. 

Pentagraph, s. an instrument for copying or 
reducing designs or drawings. 

Pentagraphlc, a. performed by a pentagraph 

Pcntahe'dral, Pentahe'drous, a. five-sided. 

Pentahc'dron, s. a pillar with five sides. 

Pentam'eter, s. a verse of five feet. 

Pentan'drian, a. having five stamens. 

Pentan'gular, a. five-cornered or angled. 

Pentapct'alous, a. having five petals or leaves 

Pentaph'yllous, a. having five leaves. 

Pentasperin'ous, a. containing five seeds. 

Pen'tastylc, s. in architecture, a work in 
which are five rows of columns. 

Pcn'tatcuch, s. the five books of Moses. 

Pentecost, s. a festival of the Jews, so called 
from its being 50 clays after Easter, with 
Christians, Whitsuntide. 

Pcntecos'tal, a. belonging to Whitsuntide. 

Pent'house, s. a sloping shed or roof. 

Pen'tile, s. a sloping tile, a gutter tile. 

Penul'tima, s. the last syllable but one. 

Penultimate, a. placed last but one. 

Penum'bra, a. a partial shadow. 

Penu'rious, a. niggardly, sordid ; scanty. 

Penu'riously, ad. sparingly, niggardly. 

Penu'riousncss, s niggardliness, parsimony, 

Pen'ury, s. poverty, indigence, want. 

Po'on, s. a foot soldier in India. 

Pe'ony, 5. the name of a flower. 

Peo'ple, s. a nation ; persons in general. 

Peo'ple, v. to stock with inhabitants. 

Pep'per, s. an aromatic warm spice. 
I Pep'per, v. to sprinkle with pepper; to beat. 

Pep'perbox, s. a box for holding pepper. 

Pep'percorn, s. any thing of trifling value. 

Pep'pcrmint, s. a hot or pungent herb ; liquor 
distilled from it. 

Pep'tic, a. promoting digestion ; dietetic. 
I Peracu'tc, a. very sharp, very violent. 
j Peradven'ture, ad. perhaps, may be. 
j Peram'bulate, v. to walk through or over. 
I Perambulation, s. the act of walking through; 
a rambling survey. 

Peram'bulator, s. a wheel for measuring 
roads ; one who perambulates. 
j Percei'vable, a. that may be perceived. 
j Percei'vably, ad. so as to be perceived. 

Percei've, v. to have a perception*!*, to dis- 
cern, to see ; to understand. 

Pereei'ver, s. one who perceives or observes. 

Perceptibility, s. the power of perceiving. 

Perceptible, a. that may be perceived. 

Perceptibly, ad. so as to be perceived. 

Percep'tion, s. the power of perceiving by 
means of the senses j an idea or notion. 

Perceptive, a. abb- or tending to perceive. 

Perceptivity, *. the power of perceiving. 
I Perch, s. a fresh-water fish. 
j Perch, s. a pole or rod; a measure of five 
j yards and a half; a bird's roost: v. to 
.' place on a perch ; to roost. 



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Perchan'ce, ad. perhaps, per ad venture 

Percipient, a. perceiving ; having the facility 
or power of penetration. 

Per'colate, v. to strain through a sieve. 

Percola'tion, s. the act of straining. 

Percuss', v. to strike through ; to strike. 

Percus'sion, s. the act of striking ; a stroke; 
effect of sound on the ear. 

Percu'tient, a. striking, able to strike. 

Perdi'lion, s. utter ruin ; eternal death. 

Perdu, Per'due, ad. close ; lying in ambush : 
a. employed on desperate purposes ; aban- 
doned ; lost. 

Per'dulous, a. lost, thrown away. 

Perdu'rable, a. lasting ; long-continued. 

Per'egrinate, v. to travel through or over. 

Peregrin a'tion, s. a travelling about. 

Per'egrinator, s. a traveller. 

Peregrine, a. foreign, not domestic. 

Perempt', v. to kill, to destroy. 

Peremp'tion, s. a killing ; extinction. 

Peremptorily, ad. absolutely, positively. 

Per'empiorincss, s. absolute decision. 

Peremptory, a. decisive, absolute. 

Peren'nial, a. lasting a year ; perpetual. 

Peren'nially, a. continually ; without ceasing. 

Peren'nity, s. perpetuity, lastingness. 

Pererra'tion, s. travel ; |he act of wandering 
through various places. 

Per'fect, a. thoroughly made, complete, con- 
summate; pure, immaculate. 

Per'fect, v. to finish, to complete. 

Per'fecter, s. one that makes perfect. 

Perfectibility, s. ideal perfection. 

Perfec'tion, s. the state of being perfect. 

Perfec'tional, a. making perfect. 

Perfec'tionate, v. to make perfect. 

Perfec'tionist, s. one pretending to perfection. 

Perfec'tive, a. conducing to perfection. 

Per'fectly, ad. completely, exactly. 

Per'fectness, s. completeness, perfection. 

Perfidious, a. treacherous ; false to trust. 

Perfidiously, ad. by breach of faith. 

Perfid'iousness, s. treachery ; want of faith. 

Perfidy, s. breach of faith ; treachery. 

Perfla'tion, s. the act of blowing through. 

Per'forate, v. to pierce through, to bore. 

Perfora'tion, s. the act of piercing ; a hole. 

Perforative, a. having power to pierce. 

Per'forator, 5. a boring or piercing instrument. 

Perfo'rce, ad. by force ; violently. 

Perform', v. to execute, to do, to accomplish. 

Perform'able, a. that may be performed. 

Perform'ance, s. execution, completion ; 
action, deed ; the acting of a performer. 

Perform'er, s. one who performs or plays. 

Perfu'matory, a. sending forth a perfume. 

Perfume, s. a sweet odour, fragrance. 

Perfu'me, v. to impregnate with scent. 

Perfu'mer, s. one who sells perfumes. 

Perfu'mery, s. perfumes in general. 

Perfunctorily, ad. carelessly : negligently. 

Perfunctoriness, s. negligence, carelessness. 

Perfunctory, a. done merely to get rid of the 
duty ; careless, negligent. 

Perfu'se, v. to overspread, to tincture. 

Perfusion, s. the act of pouring out upon. 

Perhaps', ad. perad venture, it may be. 

Pe'ri, s. an Eastern fairy. 

Peri-, (a Gr. prefix) around, about, near. 

Perianth, s. the calyx of a flower. 



Pericar'dium, s. a thin membrane resembling 
a purse, which contains the heart. 

Per'icarp, Pericar'pium, s. a pellicle or thin 
membrane encompassing the fruit-seed. 

Pericra'nium, s. the membrane that covers 
the skull ; the periosteum. 

Peric'ulous, a. dangerous ; hazardous. 

Perie'cians, s. people who dwell round from 
us at the opposite point of longitude, but 
in the same latitude. Periceci, Gr. 

Perigee', Perige'um, s. the part of an orbit 
nearest the earth. 

Per'igord-stone, s. an ore of manganese. 

Per'igraph, s. an inaccurate delineation. 

Perihe'lion, Perihe'lium, s. the point of a 
planet's orbit nearest the sun. 

Peril, s. danger, hazard, denunciation. 

Per'ilous, a. hazardous, dangerous. 

Perilously, ad. dangerously. 

Per'ilousness, s. dangerousness ; hazard. 

Perim'etcr, s. circumference of a figure. 

Pe'riod, s. a going round ; the time in which 
any thing is performed so as to begin again 
in the same way ; a circuit ; a cycle ; a 
course of events ; the end or conclusion ; 
a full stop. 

Periodical, a. regular, at stated times. 

Periodically, ad. at stated periods. 

Perios'teum, s. a membrane round the bones. 

Peripatetic, a. relating to the Peripatetics. 

Peripatetic, s. one of the disciples of Aris- 
totle ; so called, because they used to 
teach and dispute in the Lyceum at Athens, 
walking about. 

Periph'ery, s. the circumference. 

Perlphrase, v. to express by circumlocution. 

Periph'rasis, s. circumlocution. 

Periphrastic, Periphras'tical, a. circumlo- 
cutory, using many words. 

Perijihras'tically, ad. with circumlocution. 

Perlplus, s. a voyage round a sea or coast. 

Peripneumonia,,?, inflammation of the lungs. 

Peris'cii, s. pi. the inhabitants of the frigid 
zones whose shadows, while the sun is 
above their horizon, are projected all 
round. See Amphiscii. 

Perish, v. to die ; to be destroyed ; to decay. 

Perishable, a. subject to perish or decay. 

Perlshableness, s. liableness to perish. 

Peristaltic, a. worm-like, spiral ; applied to 
the vermicular motion of the intestines. 

Peristyle, s. a circular range of pillars. 

Pcrisys'tole, s. the pause between the con- 
traction and (diastole or) dilatation of the 
heart. 

Peritone'um, s. a thin soft membrane which 
covers the lower intestines,, 

Periwig, s. a peruke, a wig. 

Periwinkle, s. a small snail-like shell-fish. 

Per'jure, v. to forswear ; to swear falsely. 

Perjurer, s. one that swears falsely. 

Perju'rious, a. guilty of perjury. 

Perjury, s. the act of swearing falsely. 

Perk, v. to hold up the head affectedly, as a 
bird in the act of perching. 

Perlustra'tion, s. a viewing all over. 

Per'maneiice, Per'manency, s. duration. 

Per'manent, a. lasting, of lone; continuance. 

Permanently, ad. durably, lastingly. 

Permeability, s. the being permeable. 

Per'meable, a. that may be passed through. 



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Per^neant, a. passing through. 

Per'meate, v. to pass through, to penetrate. 

Permea'tion, s. the act of passing through. 

Permis'cible, a. that may be mingled. 

Permissible, a. that may be permitted. 

Permis'sion, s. the act of permitting; leave. 

Permis'sive, a. granting permission. 

Permis'siveiy, ad. without hinderance. 

Permit', v. to allow, to grant leave, to suffer ; 
to leave or resign. 

Per'mit, 5 a written permission from an 
excise officer for the removal of spirits, &c. 

Permit'tanee, s. allowance ; permission. 

Permix'tion, s. the act of mingling. 

Permuta'tion, s. the act of changing; an ex- 
change of one thing for another. 

Permu'te, v. to change for, to exchange. 

Perni''oious, a. very hurtful, destructive. 

Perni"ciously, ad. hurtfully, destructively. 

Perni"ciousness, s. the being pernicious. 

Perni"city. S. swiftness, celerity. 

Pernocta'tion, s. a watching all night. 

Perora'tion, -s. the closing part of an oration. 

Perpend', v. to weigh thoroughly in. the 
mind, to consider attentively. 

Perpendicular, a. hanging straight clown, or 
in the direction of the plane of the hori- 
zon; falling on another line at right angles. 

Pcrpendic'ular, s. a level or plumb-line. 

Perpendicularity, s. the being perpendicular. 

Perpendic'ularlv, ad. so as to be perpendic- 
ular or at right angles. 

Perpetrate, v. to commit a crime. 

Perpetra'tion, s. the commission of a crime. 

Per'petrator, s. one that commits a crime. 

Perpet'ual, a. never ceasing, continual. 

Perpetually, ad. continually, incessantly. 

Perpet'uate. v. to make perpetual. 

Perpetua'tion, s. the act of making perpet- 
ual ; unceasing continuance. 

Perpctu'ity, s. duration to all futurity. 

Perplex', v. to disturb with doubts ; to vex. 

Perplex'ed. p. and a. confused; difficult. 

Perplex'ediy, ad. intricately ; confusedly. 

Perplex'ed ness, s. embarrassment. 
Perplex'ity, s. intricacy ; anxiety. 

Perquisite, s. an allowance or gift exclusive 

of fixed wages. 
Per'quisited, a. supplied with perquisites. 
Perquisition, s. a thorough inquiry. 
Per'ry, s. wine or drink made of pears. 
Persecute, v. to pursue with malignity; to 

oppress; to harass ; to importune much. 
Persecution, s . the act of persecuting. 
Persecutor, s. one who persecutes. 
Perseve'rance, s. firmness, resolution. 
Perseve'rant, a. persisting ; constant. 
Perseve're, v. to be steadfast ; to persist. 
Parscvc'ringly, ad. with perseverance. 
Per'sian, a of or from Persia. 
Per'siflage, s. jeering, bantering, ridicule. 
Persist', v. to persevere, to continue firm. 
Persistence, Persist'ency, s. state of per- 
sisting ; steadiness ; obstinacy. 
Persis'tive, a. steady ; persevering. 
Per'son, s. an individual; a human being; 

the body ; exterior appearance. 
Personable, a. handsome, graceful. 
Per'sonage, s an important person. 
Per'sonal. a. pertaining or belonging to a per- 
son ; in law, not real, as landed property. 



Personal'ity, s. that which constitutes a per- 
son ; a remark or reflection on a person. 
Personally, ad in person, particularly. 
Per'sonate, v . to represent another ; to coun- 
terfeit, to feign. 
Persona'tion, s. the act of personating or 

counterfeiting another. 
Per'sonator, jr. one who personates. 
Person ifica'tion, s. the act of personifying; 

the thing personified. See Prosopopoeia. 
Person'ify, v. to change into a person. 
Perspective, a. relating to vision, optical. 
Perspective, s. a seeing through ; a glass 
through which objects are viewed; the 
art of drawing distant and near objects on 
a plane, so as to make them appear in their 
relative places. 
Perspective] y, ad. as through a glass. 
Perspica'cious, a. quick-sighted, sharp. 
Perspica"city, Perspica'ciousness, s. acute- 

ness of discernment; quickness of sight. 
Per'spicil, s. a kind of optical glass. 
Perspicuity, s. clearness to the understanding. 
Perspic'uous, a. clear to the mind. 
Perspic'uously, ad. clearly ; not obscurely. 
Perspic'uousness, S. freedom from obscurity. 
Perspi'rable, a. that may be perspired. 
Perspira'tion, j. the act of perspiring; sweat. 
Perspi'rative, Perspi/ratory, a. performing 

the act of perspiration. 
Perspi're, v. to emit by the pores, to sweat. 
Perstrin'ge, v. to touch in passing. 
Persua'dable, a. that may be persuaded. 
Persua'dably, ad. so as to be persuaded. 
Persua'de, v. to influence by argument or 

entreaty ; to invite ; to convince. 
Persua'der. s. one who persuades. 
Persuasibil'ity, s. the being persuasible. 
Pcrsua'siblc, a. that mav be persuaded. 
Persua'sibleness, 5. the being persuasible. 
Persua'sion, s. the act of persuading; the 
opinion that results from persuasion; con- 
viction, belief. 
Persua'sive, a. having power to persuade. 
Persua'sively, ad. so as to persuade. 
Persua'sivene3s, s. the being persuasive. 
Pert, a. brisk, lively, saucy, petulant. 
Pertain', v. to belong to, to relate to. 
Pertina'cious, a. obstinate, stubborn, 
rertina'ciously, ad. obstinately, stubbornly. 
Pertina"city, Pcrtina'ciousness, s. obstinacy, 

stubbornness; constancy. 
Per'tinence, Per'tinency, s. appositeness, 

suitableness to the purpose. 
Per'tinent, a. to the purpose : apposite. 
Per'tinently, ad. aptly, appositely. 
Per'tinentness, 5. appositeness. 
Pertin'gent, a. touching ; relating to. 
Pert'ly, ad briskly, petulantly, saucily. 
Pcrt'ness, .?. briskness; sauciness, petulance. 
Perturb', Pertur'bate, v. to disturb, to vex. 
Perturba'tion, s. disquiet of mind. 
Perturba'tor, Pertur'ber, s. a disturber. 
Perturb'ed, a. disturbed, disquieted. 
Pertu'sed, a. punched, pierced with holes. 
Pertu'sion, s. the act of piercing or punching. 
Peru'ke, s a cap of false hair, a periwig. 
Peru'kemaker, s. a wig-maker. 
Peru'sal, s. the act of reading over. 
Peru'se, v. to read over ; to scan, to observe. 
Peru'ser, s. a reader ; an examiner. 



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Teru'vian, a. pertaining to Peru, in South 
America : s. an inhabitant of Peru. 

Perva'de.t/. to passthrough, to spread through. 

Perva'sion, s. the act of passing through. 

Perva'sive, a. having power to pervade. 

Perver'se. a. cross, petulant ; obstinate. 

rerver'sely, ad. with perverseness. 

Perver'seness, s. the being perverse. 

Perver'sion, s. the act of perverting. 

Perver'sity, s. perverseness, crossness. 

Perver'sive, a. having power to pervert. 

Pervert', v. to distort, to corrupt, to mislead. 

Pervert'er. s. one who perverts. 

Pcrvert'ible, a. that may be perverted. 

Pervestiga'tion, s. a thorough inquiry. 

Pervica'cious, a. spitefully obstinate. 

Pervica'ciously, ad. with spiteful obstinacy. 

Pervica'ciousness, s. spiteful obstinacy. 

Pervica"eity, s. pervicaciousness. 

Per'vious. a. admitting a passage through. 

Per'viousness, s. the being pervious. 

Pes'simist, *. a complaincr on all subjects, 
as opposed to an optimist. 

Pest, s. a plague, pestilence, mischief. 

Pes'ter, v. to plague, to disturb, to harass. 

Pes'terer, s. one that pesters or disturbs. 

Pes'terous, a. pestering, encumbering. 

Pest'house, s. a plague-hospital. 

Pestiferous, a. infectious, malignant ; deadly. 

Pes'tilencc, s. plague, contagious distemper. 

Pes'tilent, a. producing plagues; malignant. 

Pestilen'tial, a. infectious, malignant. 

Pes'tilently,f/(/.mischievously ; destructively. 

Pestilla'tion, s. pounding with a pestle. 

Pes'tle,s. an instrument for pounding substan- 
ces in a mortar : v . to beat with a pestle. 

Pet, s. a little favorite ; a slight displeasure. 

Pet, v. to treat a3 a pet; to fondle. 

Pet'al, s. a flower-leaf. 

Pet'aline, a. pertaining to a petal. 

Pet'alism, s. a mode of banishment among 
the Syracusans, by writing the name of 
the offender on leaves. 

Pet'alous, a. having petals or flower-leaves. 

Petard', s. an engine to blow up places. 

Pet'asus, s. Mercury's winged cap. 

Petechia? [Lat.] s. plague spots. 

Petechial, a. spotted as in malignant fevers. 

Pet'erel, s. a kind of sea-bird. 

Pe'ter-pcnce. s. a tribute or tax formerly paid 
by this country to the Pope. 

Petiole, s. the foot-stalk of a leaf. 

Pet'it, [Fr.]«. small, inconsiderable. 

Peti"tion, s. a request, a prayer; an entreaty 

Peti"tion. v. to supplicate, to solicit. 

Peti'lionary, a. supplicatory, petitioning. 

Peti"tionarily, ad. by petition. 

Petitioner, s. one who offers a petition. 

Petit-mai'tre, [Fr.] s. a fop, a coxcomb. 

Pet'itory, a. petitioning, claiming. 

Petre'an, a. pertaining to rock or stone. 

Petres'eence,,?. process of changing into stone. 

Petres'ccnt, a. becoming stone, hardening. 

Petrifac'tion, e. process of petrifying; that 
which has been petrified. 

Petrifac'tive. a. able to turn to stone. 

Petrif'ic. a having power to change to stone. 

Petrifica'tion, *. the process of petrifying. 

Pet'rify. v. to change to or become stone. 

Prtio'leum. .?. rock-oil, a liquid bitumun. 

Pct'roncl, s. a horseman's pistol. 



Petrosi'lex, s. rock stone ; compact felspar. 

Petrosili"cious, a. consisting of petrosilex. 

Pet'rous, a. like stone ; hard, stony. 

Pet'ticoat, s. a female's lower vestment. 

Pet'tifogger, s. a petty small-rate lawyer. 

Pettifog'gery, s. the practice of a pettifogger 

Pet'tifogghig, a. low, mean, paltry. 

Pet'tiness, s. littleness ; unimportance. 

Pet'tish, a. apt to be peevish, froward. 

Pet'tishly, ad. in a pet ; fretfully. 

Pet'tishness, s. fretfulncss, peevishness. 

Pet'titoes. s. the feet of a young pig. 

Pet'to, [It.] s. the breast ; in reserve. 

Pet'ty, <7. small, inconsiderable, little. 

Pet'ulance, s. sauciness. peevishness. 

Pet'ulant, a. saucy, perverse, wanton. 

Pot'ulantly, ad. with petulance. 

Pew, s. a seat enclosed in a church. 

Pe'wet, s. the lap-wing. 

Pew'ter, a\ a compound of tin, lead, and brass, 

Pew'terer, s. one who works in pewter. 

Pha'eton, s. an open chaise. 

Phagedenic, a. eating or corroding flesh : 5 
a medicine to eat away proud flesh. 

Phal'anx, s. a troop of soldiers closely em- 
bodied ; a square battalion. 

Phan'tasm, s. a vision ; a spectre ; a fantasy. 

Phantasmagoria, s. an optical illusion, bj 
which phantoms are represented. 

Phan'tom, s. a spectre ; a fancied vision. 

Pharisaic, Pharisaical, a. pertaining to the 
Pharisees ; externally religious. 

Pharisa'icalness, s. devotion to external rites. 

Pharisa'ism, s. the doctrine and practice of 
the Pharisees. 

Pharise'an, a. resembling the Pharisees. 

Pharisee, s. a sect among the Jews pretend- 
ing to great holiness. 

Pharmaceu'tic, Pharmaceu'tical, a. relating 
to the preparation of medicines. 

Pharmaceu'tics, s. the science of pharmacy. 

Pharmacol'ogy, s. a treatise on pharmacy. 

Pharmacopoeia, s. a dispensatory, or a book 
containing rules for the preparation of 
medicines. 

Phar'macy, *. the art or practice of preparing 
or compounding medicines. 

Pha'ros, *. a lighthouse, a watch-tower. 

Phar'ynx, s. the upper part of the gullet. 

Phase, Pha'sis, s. an appearance : pi. phases. 

Pheas'ant, s. a gallinaceous bird remarkable 
for the beauty of its plumage. 

Pheas'antry, s. an enclosure for pheasants. 

Phecse, v. to comb, to fleece. 

Phenicop'ter, [Gr.] s. a red-winged bird, the 
flamingo. 

Phenomenon, s. any extraordinary appear- 
ance in nature : pi. phenomena. 

Phi'al, s. a small bottle : v. to put in a phial. 

Philanthropic, Philanthrop'ical, a. desirous 
of doing good ; loving mankind. 

Philanthropist, s. one who loves, and wishes 
to benefit mankind. 

Philan'thropy, s. love of mankind ; universal 
benevolence. 

Philharmonic, a. loving harmony. 

Philhellenic, a. loving Greece. 

Phil'libeg. See Fill ibeg. 

Philip'pic, s. any invective declamation, 

Philippine, v. to declaim against. 

Philol'oger, a - , a philologist. 



PHI 



210 



PIC 



Philolo"gical, a. critical ; grammatical. 

Philol'ogize, v. to offer criticisms. 

Philol'ogist, s. one skilled in philology. 

Philol'ogy, s. the science or knowledge of lan- 
guages ; grammatical learning ; criticism. 

Phil'omath, s. a lover of learning. 

Phil'omel, s. the nightingale. 

Philos'opheme, s. a principle of reasoning. 

Philos'opher, s. one skilled in philosophy. 

Philos'opher's-stone, s. a stone dreamed of 
by alchymists, -which by its touch trans- 
mutes base metals into gold. 

Philosoph'ic, Philosoph'ical, a. belonging to 
philosophy ; like a philosopher. 

Philosophically, ad. rationally ; wisely. 

Philos'ophism, s. the practice of sophistry. 

Philos'ophist, s. a lover of sophistry. 

Philosophis'tic, Philosophis'tical, a. pertain- 
ing to the love of sophistry. 

Philos'ophize, v. to form hypotheses to ac- 
count for natural and moral effects or 
phenomena ; to moralize. 

Philos'ophy, s. the love of wisdom ; expla- 
nation of the causes of things; knowledge, 
natural or moral ; the course of sciences 
read in the schools. 

Phil'ter, s. something to cause love. 

Phil'ter, v. to charm to love. 

Phiz, s. the face, the countenance. 

Phlebot'ornize, v. to let blood. 

Phlebot'omist, s. one who lets blood. 

Phlebot'omy, s. the act of blood-letting. 

Phlegm, s. a cold thin humor of the. body ; 
dulness ; coldness ; indifference ; viscid 
matter discharged from the throat in 
coughing. 

Phlegmat'ic, a. troubled with phlegm ; dull. 

Phlegmat'ically, ad. coldly ; dully. 

Phleg'mon, s. a tumor, an inflammation. 

Phleg'monous, a. inflammatory ; burning. 

Phleme, 5. an instrument to bleed cattle, 
but usually written Fleam. 

Phlogis'tic, a. inflammatory, hot. 

Phlogis'ton, s. the principle of inflammabil- 
ity ; a chemical liquor very inflammable. 

Phce'nix, s. the bird which is fabled to exist 
single, and to rise again from its own ashes. 

Phonetic, a. capable of sound. 

Phonic, a. pertaining to sound. 

Phonics, s. the doctrine of sounds. 

Phonocamp'tio, a. able to inflect sounds. 

Phonol'ogy, s. a treatise on sounds. 

Phos'ph orate, v. to combine or impregnate 
with phosphorus. 

Phos'phorated, a. combined or impregnated 
with phosphorus. 

Phosphores'ce, v. to emit phosphoric light. 

Phosphores'ceuee, s. phosphoric light. 

Plios | >] r :'; i ■:.!', <7. shining with a faint light. 

Phosphoric, a pertaining to phosphorus. 

Phos'phorus, Phos'phor, s. the morning star; 
a very inflammable substance. 

Photol'ogy, s. the doctrine of light. 

Piiotom'eter, s. an instrument for measuring 
the relative intensities of light. 

Phrase, s. an idiom or niodo of speech. 

Phrase, v. to employ peculiar expressions. 

Phraseolo"gical, a. relating to a phrase. 

Phras*col'ogy, s. style or manner of expres- 
sion ; a collection of phrases. 

Phrenet'iCj a. inflamed in the brain; frantic. 



Phrenet'ic, s. one who is wild and erratic id 
his imagination ; a madman. 

Phren'ic, a. belonging to the diaphragm. 

Phreni'tis, s. inflammation of the brain. 

Phreiiol'ogy, s. the science which professes to 
explain the disposition and qualities of th<j 
mind by the formation of the skull. 

Phrenolo"gical, a. relating to phrenology. 

Phienol'ogist, s. one skilled in phrenology. 

Phren'sy. See Frensy. 

Phry"gian, a. relating to Phrygia ; denoting 
a sprightly kind of music. 

Phthis'ic, s. consumption; asthma. 

Phthis'ical, a. consumptive. 

Phthi'sis, s. consumption. 

Phylac'ter, Phylac'tery, s. a bandage bearing 
some inscription, worn as a spell or safe- 
guard by the Jews. 

Phylac'tered, a. wearing phylacteries. 

Phys'ic, s. the art or science of healing ; 
medicine ; a cathartic or purge. 

Phys'ic, v. to give physic to; to purge. 

Physical, a. relating to natural objects; or to 
the art of healing; medicinal. 

Physically, ad. by natural operation. 

Physi"cian, s. ore who professes physic. 

Physics, s. natural philosophy. 

Physiognomic, Physiognomical, Physiogno- 
monlc. a. relating to physiognomy. 

Physiognomist, s.one skilled in physiognomy. 

Physiog'nomy, s. the art of discovering the 
character of the mind by the features of 
the face : the face or countenance. 

Physiolo"gical, a. relating to physiology. 

Physiolo"gically, ad. according to the prin- 
ciples of physiology. 

Physiol'ogist, s. one versed in physiology. 

Physiol'ogy, s. the science which ireats of the 
nature and functions of animals and plants. 

Phytiv'orous, a. plant-eating. 

Phytog'raphy, s. a description of plants. 

Phytol'ogist, s. one skilled in phytology. 

Phytol'ogy, s. the doctrine of plants. 

Piac'ular, a. expiatory, criminal. 

Pi'a-ma'ter, s. a skin covering the brain. 

Pi'anet, s. a magpie ; the little woodpecker. 

Pia'nist, s. a player on the piano-forte. 

Pia'no-for'te, s. a musical instrument. 

Pias'ter, s. an Italian coin, value about bs. 

Piaz'za, s. a walk under a roof supported by 
pillars ; a portico. 

Pi'broch, s. pipe music, the martial music of 
the Highlanders of Scotland. 

Pica, s. the pie or magpie ; a kind of type. 

Pic'cadil, Pic'cadilly, 5. a high collar or ruff. 

Picaroon', s. a plunderer ; a pirate. 

Pick, v. to take up, to cull, to choose, to se- 
lect; to separate from any thing useless or 
unfit, to clean ; to open a lock, to rob ; to 
eat slowly, and by small morsels. 

Pick,*. a sharp-pointed mining-tool ;any thing 
sharp an d pointed, as a toothpick. See Pike. 

Pick'apack, ad. in the manner of a pack. 

Pick'axe, s. an axe with a sharp point. 

Pick'back, ad. pitched on the back. 

Pick'ed, a. sharp, smart, pointed ; chosen. 

Pick'edness. s. sharpness; foppery. 

Pickeer', v. to skirmish ; to pillage. 

Pick'er, s. one who picks ; a pickaxe. 

Pick'erel, s. a small pike. 

Pick'erel-weed, s. an aquatic plant. 



PIC 



211 



PIN 



Pick'et, s. in fortification, a sharp stake ; a 
guard : v . to plane or station as a picket. 

Fic'kle, s. a salt liquor ; a thing pickled; ri- 
dicule. ; a condition or state. 

Pic'kle, v. to preserve in pickle. 

Pic'kle-herring, s. a jack-pudding ; a zany. 

Pick'lock, s. an instrument to pick locks. 

Pick'pocket, s. one that steals from pockets. 

Pick'purse, s. one that steals from the purse. 

Pick'thank, s. a tale-bearer ; a busy-body. 

Pic'-nic, s. a party where each person con- 
tributes something to the entertainment. 

Picto'rial, a. produced by a painter ; relat- 
ing to the art of painting. 

Picts, s. a colony of Scytbians or Germans 
who anciently settled in Scotland. 

Pic'ture, *. a painted representation of per- 
sons or things ; a likeness or resemblance. 

Pic'ture, v. to represent by painting. 

Pic'turelike, a. after the manner of a picture. 

Pictures'que, a. like a picture. 

Pictures'quoly, ad. in a picturesque manner. 

Picturesq'ueness, s.state of being picturesque. 

Pid'dle, v. to trifle ; to feed squeamishly. 

Pie, s. a crust baked with fruit, &c, in it. 

Pie, s. the magpie ; an old name for the 
prayer-book ; printers' type when unsorted 
or mixed. 

Pie'bald, a. of various colors ; diversified. 

Piece, s. a fragment or part ; a patch ; a- 
coin or piece of money ; a gun or piece of 
ordnance ; a composition, as a piece of 
poetry, a piece of music. 

Piece, v. to join, to unite, to patch. 

Pie'celess, a. whole, compact. 

Pie'cemeal, a. separate : ad. in pieces. 

Pie'cer, s. one that pieces ; a patcher. 

Pi'ed, a. party-colored ; variegated. 

Pi'edness, .?. diversity of color. 

Pie'powdre-court, s. a court held in fairs for 
the speedy redress of disorders. 

Pier, 5. the column or support of an arch; a 
mole projecting into the sea. 

Pier'age, s. toll for using a marine pier. 

Pierce, v. to penetrate ; to affect. 

Pierce'able, a. that may be penetrated. 

Pier'cer, s. that which perforates. 

Pier'cingly, ad. sharply, keenly. 

Pier'cingness, 5. penetration, sharpness. 

Pier'-glass, s. a looking-glass placed between 
the windows. 

Pier-table, s. a table between windows. 

Pi'etism, s. the doctrine and practice of the 
Pietists ; an affectation of piety. 

Pi'etist, s. one of a sect professing great pu- 
rity of life, and despising learning. 

Pietis'tic, a. pertaining to the Pietists. 

Pi'ety, s. discharge of duty to God, godli- 
ness ; duty to parents, as "filial piety." 

Pig, j. a young sow or boar ; a mass of lead 
or unforged iron. 

Pig, v. to farrow or bring forth pigs. 

Pi"geon, s. a well-known bird. 

Pi"geon-foot, J. the name of a plant. 

Pi"goo!)-hr>;irted, a. timid ; frightened. 

PPgeon-holes, s. small cavities or divisions 
made in shelves for letters or papers. 

Pi"gcon-]ivered, a. mild, gentle, soft. 

Pi"geon-pea, s. the name of a plant. 

Pig'gin, s. a small wooden vessel 

Pig'-headed, a. headstrong ; stupid. 



Pigme'an. See Pygmean. 

Pig'ment, s. paint ; colors for painting. 

Pig'my. See Pyg'my. 

Pignoration, s. the act of pledging. 

Pig'norative, a. pledging, pawning. 

Pig'nut, s. an earth nut. 

Pig'sty, s. a hovel for pigs. 

Pig'tail, s. a queue; twisted tobacco. 

Pigwid'geon, s. a fairy ; any thing very smalL 

Pike, s. a fish ; a lance used by soldiers. 

Pi'ked, a. sharp ; ending in a point. 

Pi'kelet, s. a light cake or muffin. 

Pi'keman, s. a soldier armed with a pike. 

Pi'kestaff, s. the wooden handle of a pike. 

Pilas'ter, s. a small square column. 

Pilch, Pil'cher, s. a cloak or coat of furs. 

Pil'chard, Pil'cher, .?. a fish. 

Pile, s. a heap, an accumulation ; an edifice ; 

a piece of wood driven into the ground to 

secure the foundation ; the nap of cloth. 
Pile, v. to heap upon ; to accumulate. 
Pile, s. the head of an arrow ; one side of a coin . 
Pi'leated, a. formed like a cover or hat. 
Pi'ler, s. he who accumulates. 
Piles, s.pl. a disease, the hemorrhoids. 
Pi'leworm, s. a worm found in the piles 
Pi'lewort, s. a plant deemed medicinal. 
Pil'fer, v. to practise petty theft. 
Pil'ferer, s. one who steals petty things. 
Pil'fering, Pil'fery, 5. petty theft. 
Pil'feringly, ad. with petty theft. 
Pil'garlic, s. a poor forsaken wretch. 
Pil'grim, s. a traveller, a wanderer, one who 

travels to sacred places for devotion. 
Pil'grimage, s. a journey for devotion. 
Pill, s. a small round ball of physic. 
Pill, v. to dose with pills. 
Pill, v. to pillage, to plunder. 
Pill, v. to peel or come off in flakes. 
Pil'lage, s. plunder: v. to plunder, to spoil. 
Pillager, s. a plunderer, a spoiler. 
Pil'lar, s. a column ; a supporter. 
Pil'lared, a. supported by or like pillars. 
Pillau', Pillaw / , s. a dish common in Turkey, 

made of boiled rice and mutton fat. 
Pil'lion, s. a woman's saddle, a pad. 
Pil'lory, s. an instrument of punishment. 
Pil'lory, v. to punish with the pillory. 
Pil'low, s. a cushion of feathers to rest the 

head on : v. to rest as on a 2>iUow. 
Pil'low-case, s. the cover of a pillow. 
Pilo'se, Pi'lous, a. hairy, full of hairs. 
PiJos'ity, s. hairiness ; roughness. 
Pi'lot, s. one who steers a ship ; a guide. 
Pi'lot, v. to steer ; to direct or guide. 
Pi'lotage, s. the pay or office of a pilot. 
Pi'lot-fish, s. the name of a fish. 
Pi'lotry, s. the skill of a pilot. 
Pil'ser, s. the moth that hies into a flame. 
Pimen'ta, Pimen'to, s. Jamaica pepper. 
Pimp, s. a procurer, a pander. 
Pimp, v. to pander, to procure. 
Pimp'ing, a. little, petty, mean. 
Pim'pernel, 5. the name of a plant. 
Pim'ple, s. a small red pustule on the skin. 
Piru'pled, a. having pustules ; fuJ 1 of pimples. 



Pin, s. a short pointed wire for 

clothes ; a peg, a bolt. 
Pin, v. to fasten with pins ; to fix. 

t, s. the Mild pine. 
Pin'case, s. a case to keep pins in. 



fastening 



PIN 



212 



Pin'cers, Pin'ehers, 5. an instrument for gri- 
ping an )' thing to be held fast or drawn out. 

Pinch, v. to squeeze, to gripe ; to be frugal. 

Pinch, s a painful squeeze with the fingers. 

Pinch'bcck, s. a mixed gold-colored metal. 

Pinch'er. s. one that pinches. 

Pinch'fist, Pinch 'penny, 5. a miser. 

Pin'cushion, s. a stuffed bag to stick pins in. 

Pindar'ic, a. like Pindar, lofty, sublime : s. 
an irregular kind of ode. 

Pin'dust, s. the dust of the metal in making 
pins; small particles of metal. 

Pine, s. a forest tree. 

Pine, v. to languish, to grieve for, to waste 
away : s. woe, want. 

Pineal, a. applied to a gland in the brain. 

Pine'apple, s. a fruit, the ananas. 

Pine'ful, a. full of woe and lamentation. 

Pi'nery, s. a place where pine-apples are 
raised by artificial heat. 

Pin'feather, 5. a feather as it begins to shoot. 

Pin'feathered, a. not fully fledged. 

Pin'fold, s. a place to pen cattle in. 

Pin'guid, a. fat, unctuous, greasy, plump. 

Pin'hole, s. a small hole or puncture. 

Pin'ion, s. the wing of a fowl ; a feather; the 
tooth of a wheel ; fetters for the arms. 

Pin'ion, v. to bind the wings ; to bind the 
arms ; to tie or bind. 

Pin'ioned, a. furnished with wings; bound. 

Pink, s. a small eye ; a flower; alight crim- 
son color ; any thing of surpassing excel- 
lence ; a little fish, the minnow. 

Pink, v. to work in eyelet holes ; to pierce, 
to stab ; to wink. 

Pink'eyed, a. having little eyes. 

Pin'makcr, s. one who makes pins. 

Pin'money, s. a wife's pocket money. 

Pin'nace, s. a ship of war's boat. 

Pin'nacle, s. a turret, a high spiring point. 

Pin'nacled, a. furnished with pinnacles. 

Pin'nated, a. formed like a wing. 

Pin'ner, s. part of a head-dress ; a pinmaker. 

Pint, s. half a quart. 

Pin'tle, s. a little pin ; an iron bolt. 

Pi'ny, a. abounding with pine trees. 

Pioneer', s. a soldier employed to clear the 
way for an army. 

Pi'ous, a. devout, godly, religious. 

Pi'ously, ad. in a pious manner. 

Pip, S. a spot on cards, &c. 

Pip, s. a disease of fowls. 

Pip, v. to chirp or cry as a bird. 

Pipe, s. a long tube ; a tube for smoking ; a 
musical instrument; the key or sound of 
the voice ; a liquid measure containing 
two hogsheads. 

Pipe, v. to play on a pipe ; to sound shrilly. 

Pi'per, s. one who plays on a pipe. 

Pi'ped, a. formed like a pipe. 

Pi'pc-fish, s. a kind of fish. 

Pi'ping, a. weak, sickly, feeble; boiling hot. 

Pip kin, s. a small earthen boiler. 

Pip'pin, s. a small apple. 

Piq'uancy, s. sharpness ; tartness ; severity. 

Piq'uant, a. sharp, pungent ; severe. 

Piq'uantly, ad. sharply; tartly. 

Pique, s. ill-will, petty malice, grudge. 

Pique, v. to stimulate ; to give offence, to 
irritate ; to pride or value. 

Fiquet', s. a game at cards. 



PIT: 

Pi'racy, s. robbery at sea ; literary theft. 
Pi'rate, s. a sea robber ; a plagiary. 
Pi'rate, v to rob ships; to steal from authors. 
Pirat'ical, a. predatory ; robbing. 
Piratically, ad. by piracy ; by robbery. 
Pirouet'te, s. a twirling round in dancing. 
Pirouet'te, v. to twirl round on one foot. 
Pisca'tion, s. the act or practice of fishing. 
Pis'catory, a. relating to fish or fishing. 
Pis'ces, s. the fishes, a sign of the zodiac. 
Pis'cine, a. pertaining to fishes. 
Pisciv'erous, a. fish-eating, living on fish. 
Pish ! int. a contemptuous exclamation. 
Pis'mire, s. an ant or emmet. 
Pista'chio, s. a fragrant Syrian nut. 
Pistareen', s. a silver coin, value Dtf. 
Pis'til, s. that part of a plant by which the 

gender is characterized. 
Pistilla'tion, s. a pounding in a mortar. 
Tis'tol, 5. a small hand gun. 
Pis'tol, v. to shoot with a pistol. 
Pisto'le, s. a Spanish coin, value 17s. 
Pistolet', s. a little pistol. 
Pis'ton, 5. part of a pump or a syringe. 
Pit, s. a hole in the earth, a deep place ; an 

abyss ; the grave ; the floor or lowest part 

in a theatre ; an area for cock-fighting ; any 

hollow part or cavity, as the pit of the 

stomach, the arm-pit. 
Pit, v. to lay in a pit ; to mark with little 

pits or hollows, as with small-pox ; to set 

in competition, as cocks in a pit. 
Pit'apat, ad. in a flutter. 
Pitapat, s. palpitation ; a light quick step. 
Pitch, s. the resin of the pine. 
Pitch, v. to smear with pitch, to darken. 
Pitch, v. to throw headlong, to cast forward; 

to light ; to fix ; to fix a tent. 
Pitch, s. a degree of elevation. 
Pitch 'er, s. an earthen pot. 
Pitch'fork, s. a fork to load hay, &c. 
Pitching, s. the motion of a ship when her 

head and stern alternately plunge into a 

rough sea. 
Pitch'pipe,,? a pipe to pitch or set the key note. 
Pitch'y, a. smeared with pitch ; black, dark. 
Pit'coal, s. fossil coal dug out of a pit. 
Pit'eous, a. exciting pity, sorrowful. 
Pit'eously, ad. in a piteous manner. 
Pit'eousness, s. sorrowfulness ; tenderness. 
Pit'fall, s. a pit dug and covered over. 
Pith, s. the marrow of a plant ; strength, 

force, energy. 
Pith'ily, ad. with strength ; with energy. 
Pith'iness, s. energy, strength, force. 
Pith'less, a. wanting pith, wanting energy. 
Pith'y, a. consisting of pith; forcible. 
Pit'iable, a. deserving pity ; miserable. 
Pit'iableness, s. state of deserving pity. 
Pit'iful, a. tender, melancholy; mean, paltry. 
Pit'ifully, ad. mournfully ; despicably. 
Pit'ifulnoss, s. compassion ; despicableness. 
Pit'iless, a. wanting compassion, merciless. 
Pit'ilessly, ad. without mercy. 
Pit'ilessness, s. state of being pitiless. 
Pit'man, *. one who works in a pit. 
Pit'saw, s. a large saw used by two men. 
Pir't:mce, s. an allowance, a small portion. 
Pit'uite, s. mucus or phlegm. 
Pitu'itary, a. conducting phlegm or mucus. 
Pitu'itous, a. consisting of phlegm or mucufc 



PIT 



213 



PLA 



Pif y, s. sympathy with misery or pain ; 

compassion ; cause ot regret. 
Pit'y, v. to have sympathy or compassion for. 
Piv'ot, s. a pin on which any thing turns. 
Pix, s. the box for the consecrated hosr. 
Placability, Plac'ableness, s. the quality of 

being placable. 
Plac'able, a. that may he appeased. 
Placard', s. a written or printed paper posted 

in a public place; a not>ce ; a manifesto. 
Placard', v. to notify by placards. 
Place, s. a particular portion of space ; space 

in general ; locality ; existence ; residence, 

seat, mansion; rank, priority, station; 

public employment ; room, way. 
Place, v. to put in a place, to fix, to settle. 
Pla'ceman, s. one who has a place or office 

under government. 
Pla"cid, a. gentle, quiet, mild, soft. 
Placid'ity, s. mildness, gentleness. 
Pla"eidly, ad. mildly, gently, calmly. 
Pla"cidness, s. quietness, mildness. 
Pla"cit, s. a decree ; a decision. 
Plack'ct, Plaq'uet, s. a petticoat. 
Pla'giarism, s. literary theft : an appropriat- 
ing the ideas or works of another. 
Pla'giary, a. practising literary theft. 
Pla'giary, Pla'giarist, s. a literary thief. 
Plague, s. a pestilence ; trouble, vexation. 
Plague, v. to infect with pestilence ; to tease. 
Pla'gueful, a. infected with plagues. 
Pla'guily, ad. vexatiously ; horribly. 
Pla'guy, a. vexatious, troublesome, harassing. 
Plaice, s. a common kind of flat fish. 
Plaid, *. a variegated stuff, a Scotch dress. 
Plain, a. smooth, level, fiat; open, evident, 

clear; void of ornament, homely; artless, 

simple, downright, blunt, mere, bare. 
Plain, s. level ground ; a fiat expanse. 
Plain, v. to lament, to complain, to wail. 
Plain, ad. not obscurely; artlessly ; bluntly. 
Plaindeal'ing, s. acting without art. 
Plain-deal'ing, a. dealing with frankness and 

sincerity ; honest ; open. 
Plain'hearted, a. having a sincere and cpen 

heart; frank, sincere. 
Plain'heartedness, s. sincerity, frankness. 
Plain'ly, ad. frankly ; evidently. 
Plain'ness, s. the quality of being plain. 
Plain'spoken,«.speakingwith rough sincerity. 
Plaint, s. a lamentation, a complaint. 
Plaint'ful,#. complaining; audibly grieving. 
Plain'tiff, s. he that commences a suit. 
Plain'tive, a. expressive of sorrow, lamenting. 
Plain'tively, ad. in a plaintive manner. 
Plain'tiveness, s. state of being plaintive. 
Plaint'less, a. without complaint. 
Plain'work, s. common needle-work. 
Plait, s. a fold, a double : v. to fold ; to braid. 
Plan, s. a scheme, a project, a model. 
Plan, v. to scheme, to form in design. 
Pia'nary, a. pertaining to a plane. 
Planch, v. to cover with planks or boards. 
Planch ed, a. made of boards. 
Planch'ing, s. the laying of the floors. 
Plane, s. a level surface. : v. to level. 
Plane, s. an instrument for planing or 

smoothing boards : v. to use a plane. 
Pla'ner, s. one who smoothes with a plane. 
Pian'et, s. one of the heavenly bodies that 

revolve round the sun. 



Planeta'rium, s. an instrument which ex- 
hibits the motions of the planets. 

Plan'etary, a. pertaining to the planets. 

Plane-tree, s. a kind of tree, the platanus. 

Plan'et-struck, a. blasted as by a planet. 

Planim'etry, s. mensuration of plain surfaces. 

Plan'ish. v. to polish, to smoothe. 

Plan'isphere. s. a sphere projected on a plane. 

Plank, s. a thick strong board. 

Plank, v. to cover or lay with planks. 

Plan'ner, s. one who forms any design. 

Plano-con'cave, a. flat on one side and con- 
cave on the other. 

Plano-con'ical, a. flat on one side and conical 
on the other. 

Piano-con' vex, a. flat on one side and convex 
on the other. 

Plant, s. a vegetable ; a sapling. 

Plant, v. to set in the ground in order to 
grow ; to fix, to place, to establish. 

Plan'tain, s. an herb ; a tree and its fruit. 

Plan'tal, a. pertaining to plants 

Planta'tion, s. a place planted ; a colony. 

Plant'er, s. one who plants ; the owner of a 
plantation. 

Plant'ing, s. plantation ; something planted. 

Plash, s. a puddle, a watery place : v. to 
plash or dash with water, to splash. 

Plash, v. to entwine or interweave branches. 

Plash'y, a. watery, filled with puddles. 

Plasm, s. a mould, a matrix for metals. 

Plasmatic, Plasmat'ical. See Plastic. 

Plas'ter, s. lime to cover walls; a salve. 

Plas'ter, v. to cover with plaste: 

Plas't'erer, s. one who plasters walls. 

Plas'tering, s. work done in plaster. 

Plas'tic, a. having power to give form. 

Plasti"city, 5. the being plastic. 

Pias'tron, s. a piece of stuffed leather worn 
on the breast while fencing. 

Plat, s. a. plot or flat piece of ground. 

Plat, v. to weave, to plait: s. work formed 
by platting. 

Plat'ane, s. the platanus or plane-tree. 

Plate, s. a fiat piece of metal ; wrought 
silver ; a small shallow dish. 

Plate, v. to overlay with silver wash. 

Plateau', [Fr.] s. a large ornamental dish for 
the centre of a dinner-table. 

Plat'en. s. the flat part of a printing-press. 

Plat'form, *. a flat floor raised above the 
ground; a level formed by contrivance. 

Plat'ina, J. the name of a metal. 

Pla'ting, s. the art of covering with a coating 
of silver; a coating of silver. 

Platon'ic, a. relating to the opinions of Plato; 
intellectual, not sensual. 

Platon'ically, ad. after the manner of Plato. 

Pla'tonism, s. the philosophy of Plato. 

Pla'tonist, s. a follower of Plito. 

Pla'tonize, v. to reason like Plato. 

Platoon', 5. a small square body of musketeers. 

Plat'ter, s. a large earthen or wooden dish. 

Plat'ter-faced. a. having a broad face. 

Plau'dit. s. applause, approbation. 

Plau'ditory, a. praising, commending. 

Plausibil'ity, s. appearance of right. 

Plau'sible, a. superficially pleasing, specious. 

Plau'siblcness,*. speciousness; show of right. 

Plau'sibly, ad. with fair show, speciously. 

Plau'sive, a. applauding, plausible. 



PL A 



214 



PLU 



flay, s. amusement, sport, game ; a drama. 
Play, v. to sport, to game, to act, to perform. j 
Plar'-bil], s. a printed notice of a play. 
Piay'book, s. book of dramatic compositions. ! 
Play 'day, s. a day exempt from tasks or work. 
Play 'debt, s. debt contracted by gaming. 
Play'er, s. one who plays or performs. 
Play'fellow, s. a companion in youth. 
Piay'fui, a. sportive, merry. 
Play'iVily, ad. in a playful manner. 
Play'fulness, s. sportiveness, mirth. 
Play 'game. s. play of children. 
Play 'house, s. a house for acting plays in. 
Play'mate, s. a playfellow. 
Play'some, a. playful, sportive. 
Play'somoness, s. playfulness, sportiveness. 
Play'thing, s. a toy, a thing to play with. 
Play'wright, s. a maker or writer of plays. 
Plea, s. a form of pleading ; an apology. 
Pleach, v. to bend ; to interweave. 
Plead, v. to argue before a court of justice ; 

to offer as an excuse ; to defend. 
Plead'able, a. that may be pleaded. 
Pleader, s. one who pleads. 
Plead'ing, ,\\ the act or form of pleading. 
Pleasant, a. pleasing, agreeable, cheerful, 

gay, merry. 
Pleas'antly, ad. in a pleasant manner. 
Pleas'antness, s. delightfulness, gayety. 
Pleas'antry, *. gayety, merriment, lively talk. 
Please, v. to give pleasure, to delight, to 

gratify, to satisfy, to content, to like. 
Pleas'ing, a. giving pleasure. 
Plea 'singly, ad. so as to give delight. 
Plea'singness, s. quality of giving delight. 
Pleas'urable, a. delighi'ul, pleasant. 
Pleas'urableness, s. the being pleasurable. 
Pleas'urably, ad. with pleasure ; with delight. 
Pleas'ure, s. delight, gratification, choice. 
Pleas'ure. v. to please ; to gratify. 
Pleas'ure-boat. 5. a boat for amusement. 
Pleas'uro-ground, s. ground laid out in an 

ornamental manner, near a mansion. 
Pleas'urist, .?. a person devoted to pleasure. 
Plebe'ian, a. popular, vulgar, low, common. 
Plebe'ian, s. one of the common people. 
Plebe'ianism, s. vulgarity: low-breeding. 
Pledge, i. any thing given as security ; a 

pawn, a surety ; an invitation to drink. 
Pledge, v. to give as security ; to put in 

pawn ; to invite to drink. 
Pledg'er, s. one who offers a pledge. 
Pled'get, s. a small mass of lint. 
Ple'iades, s. a constellation, the seven stars. 
Plen'arily, ad. fully, entirely, perfectly. 
Plen'ariness, s. fulness; completeness. 
Plen'arty, s. state of an occupied benefice. 
Plen'ary. a. full, entire, perfect. 
Pleniia'nary, a. relating to the full moon. 
Plenip'otence, s. fulness of power. 
Plenip'oter.t. a. invested with full power. 
Plenipotentiary, .?. a negotiator invested 

with full power: a. containing full power. 
Ple'nist, s. a philosopher who holds that all 

space is full of matter. 
Plenitude,. v. fulness, completeness, repletion. 
Plen'teous, a. plentiful, copious, abundant. 
Pler.'teously, ad. copiously, abundantly. 
Plen'tcousness, s. abundance, plenty. 
Plen Ti tul, a. abundant, plenteous, copious. 
Plentifully, ad. copiously, abundantly. 



Flen'tifulness, s. state of being plentiful. 

Pien'ty, s. abundance, copiousness. 

Ple'onasm, s. a redundancy of words. 

Pieonas'tic, Pleor.as'tieaL a. redundant. 

Pleonas'tically, ad. redundantly. 

Pleroph'ory. s. full persuasion or confidence. 

Pleth'ora, Plcth'ory, s. a fulness of habit. 

Plethor'ic, a. having a full habit. 

Pleu'risy, s. an inflammation of the mem- 
brane which covers the inside of the thorax. 

Pleurit'ic. a. diseased with a pleurisy. 

Plev'in. j. in law. a warrant or assurance. 

Pliability, J. flexibility; pliableness. 

Pli'able. a. flexible, bending, complying. 

Pli'ableness. s. the quality of being pliable. 

Pli'aney, s. easiness to be bent ; flexibility. 

Pliant, a. flexible ; easily persuaded. 

Pli'antness, s. the quality of being pliant. 

Pli'ca, [Lat.] s. a platting or tangling, ap- 
plied to a disease of the hair. 

Pli'cate, Pli'cated. a. folded : plaited. 

Plica'tion, Plic'ature, s. a fold ; a doubling. 

Pli'ers, s. a kind of small pincers. 

Plight, s. condition, state, ease ; pledge. 

Plight, v. to pledge, to give as surety. 

Plight'er, s. one that plights. 

Plinth, s. the flat square member under ths 
base of a column or pillar. 

Plod, v. to toil, to drudge, to travel along 
slowly; to study dully. 

Plod'der, s. a dull, heavy, laborious man. 

Plod'ding, s. close drudgery or study. 

Plot, s. a plat or a small flat or level piece 
of ground ; a plan, a scheme, a conspiracy ; 
the story of a play. 

Plot, v. to plan, to scheme; to conspire. 

Plot'ter, s. a contriver; a conspirator. 

Plough, s. an instrument of husbandry. 

Plough, v. to turn up with a plough. 

Plou'ghboy, .?. a boy that follows the plough. 

Plou'gher, s. one who ploughs the ground. 

Plou'ghing, s. the act of ploughing. 

Plou'ghland, s. land fit for tillage; as much 
land as a team can plough in a year. 

Plou'ghman, s. one that attends the plough. 

Plough-Mon'day, s. the Monday for begin- 
ning work after Twelfth Day. 

Plou'ghshare, *. the iron of a plough. 

Plov'er, s. the name of a bird, the lapwing. 

Pluck, s. a pull ; the liver, &c. 

Pluck, v. to snatch, to draw with nimblc- 
ness ; to strip of feathers. 

Plug, s. a stopple : v. to stop with a plug. 

Plum, *. a fruit ; dried grapes ; 100,000/. 

Plu'mage. s. feathers, a suit of feathers. 

Plumb, s. a leaden weight let down at the 
end of a line, a plummet. 

Plumb, v. to sound with a plummet. 

Plumb, ad. perpendicularly, as "plumb 
down," (often written "'plump.") 

Plumba'go, .y. a mineral, black-lead. 

Plumb'ean, a. leaden ; heavy, dull. 

Plum'beous. a. consisting of lead. 

Plum'ber, s. one who works upon lead. 

Plum'bery, j. the manufactures of a plumber. 

Plum'bline. s. a line perpendicular to the 
plane of the horizon. 

Plum'cake. s. a cake made with currants, &c. 

Plum'pudding, s. a pudding made with plums. 

Plume, j. a feather ; feathers worn as an or- 
nament ; token of honor; pride. 



PLU 



215 



POL 



Plume, v. to pick and adjust feathers ; to 
adorn, to make proud ; to strip of feathers. 

Plume-al'um, s. a kind of asbestos. 

Plu'meless, a. void of feathers. 

Plum'met,5.a leaden weight attachedto aline. 

Plumoslty, s. the state of having feathers. 

Plu'mous, a. feathery, like feathers. 

Plump, ad. suddenly, heavily. 

Plump, a. round and sleek, with fulness of 
flesh, fat, full. 

Plump, v. to fall heavily or suddenly. 

Pluinp'er, s. what plumps out ; a bouncer or 
lie ; a vote given to one candidate which 
might have been divided among the num- 
ber to be elected. 

Plump'ly, ad. roundly ; fully. 

Plump'ness, s. fulness; roundness, fatness. 

Plum-por'ridge, s. porridge with plums. 

Plum-pudding, 5. pudding made with plums. 

Plum'-tree, s. a tree producing plums. 

Plu'my, a. covered with or like feathers. 

Plun'der, s. pillage, spoil. 

Plun'der, v. to pillage, to spoil, to rob. 

Plun'derer, s. one who plunders. 

Plunge, v. to put suddenly under water ; to 
hurry into ; to fall into any hazard or dis- 
tress ; to throw the head downward and the 
heels up, as a horse. 

Plunge, s. the act of putting under water. 

Plun'geon, s. a sea-bird, the diver. 

Plun'ger, s. one that plunges ; a diver. 

Plu'ral, a. containing more than one. 

Plu'ralist, s. a clergyman who holds more 
benefices than one. 

Plurality, s. a number more than one. 

Plu'rally, ad. implying more than one. 

Plus, ad. more : s. an algebraic sign. 

Plush, s. a kind of shaggy cloth. 

Pluto'nian, Plutonic, a. pertaining to the 
theory of the Plutonists. 

Plu'tonist, s. one who believes the world to 
be formed from igneous fusion. 

Phi' vial, Plu'vious, a. rainy, wet. 

Pluviarn'eter, s. an instrument for measuring 
the quantity of rain that falls in any 
locality; a rain-gauge. 

Ply, v. to work closely ; to urge ; to bend. 

Ply, s. bent, turn, form, bias, fold. 

Ply'ing, s. importunate solicitation ; an en- 
deavour to sail against the wind. 

Pneumat'ic, a. relating to the air. 

Pneumat/ics, s. that branch of physics which 
treats of the air. 

Pneumatol'ogy, s. the doctrine of the pro- 
perties of elastic fluids ; also, the doctrine 
of spiritual substances. 

Pneumonic, a. pertaining to the lungs : s. a 
medicine for diseases of the lungs. 

Poach, v. to boil slightly. 

Poach, v. to stab, to pierce. 

Poach, v. to steal game ; to plunder by stealth. 

Poach'er, s. one who steals game. 

Pock, s. a pustule of the smallpox. 

Pock'et, *. a small bag inserted into clothes. 

Pock'et, v. to put in the pocket. 

Pock'ft-book, s. a pocket note-book. 

Pock'et-glass, s. a glass for the pocket. 

Pock'fretten, a. pitted with the smallpox. 

Pock'mark, s. a scar made by the smallpox. 

Poc'ulent, a. fit for drink, drinkable. 

Pod, s. the husk or shell of leguminous plants. 



Podag'rical, a. afflicted with the gout. 

Pod'ded, a. having its pods formed. 

Po'em, s. a composition in verse. 

Po'esy, s. the art of writing poems. 

Po'et, s. a writer of poems. 

Poetas'ter, s. a petty poet, a pitiful rhymer. 

Po'etess, s. a female poet. 

Poetic, Poet'ical, a. pertaining to poetry. 

Poetically, ad. by the fiction of poetry. 

Poet'ics, s. that branch of criticism which 
treats of the nature and laws of poetry. 

Po'etize, v. to write like a poet. 

Poet-lau'reat, s. one crowned with laurel, 
particularly applied to the king's poet. 

Po'etry, s. metrical composition, poems. 

Poh ! int. an exclamation of contempt. 

Poign'ancv, s. sharpness ; severity. 

Poign'ant, a. sharp, stimulating, satirical. 

Poign'antly, ad. in a stimulating manner. 

Point, s. a sharp end ; an indivisible part of 
space or time ; a dot, a stop, exact place, 
critical moment, punctilio, degree, aim ; 
the sting of an epigram ; a headland. 

Point, v. to sharpen to a point ; to aim ; to 
direct by pointing the finger; to show dis- 
tinctly ; to mark by stops. 

Point'-blank, s. the white mark at which aim 
is taken : a. direct ; horizontal : ad. at the 
very point ; directly ; horizontally. 

Point'ed, p. and a. sharpened ; epigrammatic. 

Point'edly, ad. in a pointed manner. 

Point'edness, s. sharpness ; keenness. 

Point'el, s. any thing on a point ; a pencil. 

Point'er, s. any thing that points ; a dog. 

Pointing, s. a sharpening ; a punctuation. 

Point'ing-stock, s. an object of ridicule. 

Point'less, a. without a point, blunt, obtuseu 

Poise, s. a weight, balance, equilibrium. 

Poise, v. to balance ; to weigh mentally. 

Poi'son, s. a deadly potion, drug, or juice ; 
venom ; any thing infectious or malignant. 

Poi'son, v. to infect with poison ; to corrupt. 

Poi'soner, s. one who poisons ; a corrupter. 

Poi'soning, s. the act of killing by poison. 

Poi'sonous, a. venomous, destructive. 

Pois'onously, ad. venomously. 

Poke, s. a small bag or pocket. 

Poke, v. to feel in the dark ; to search out. 

Po'ker, s. an iron bar used to stir the fire. 

Pola'cre, Pola'que, s. a Levantine vessel. 

Po'lar, a. pertaining to the poles. 

Poiar'ity, s. tendency to the pole. 

Polariza'tion, s. the act of polarizing light. 

Polarize, v. to communicate polarity. 

Pole, s. a native of Poland. 

Pole, s. a long pale or stake; a long staff; a- 
measure of 5i yards ; a tall piece of tim- 
ber erected. 

Pole, v. to furnish with poles. 

Pole, s. either extremity of the earth's axis, 

Po'leaxe, s. an axe fixed to a long pole. 

Po'lecat, s. a stinking animal, the fitchew. 

Po'le-davy, s. a sort of coarse canvass. 

Polem'ie, Polemical, a. controversial. 

Polemic, s. a disputant, a controvertist. 

Polemics,.?. the art or practice of controversy. 

Pole-star, s. the north star ; a guide. 

Police', s. the government or regulation of a 
city, town, or country ; the body or civil 
force employed to preserve order, and to 
protect life and property. 



T?OL 



21 fi 



PO^ 



Poli"ceman, s. one of the police. 

Pol'icy, s. art of government ; prudence. 

Po'lish, a. pertaining to Poland. 

Polish, s. artificial gloss ; elegance. 

Pol'ish, v. to smoothe, to brighten ; to refine. 

Pol'ishable, a. capable of being polished. 

Polisher, s. what refines or polishes. 

Pol'ishing, s. brightness ; refinement. 

Poli'te, a. elegant of manners ; refined. 

Poli'tely, ad. with refinement, genteelly. 

Poli'teness, s. gentility, good breeding. 

Politic, a. versed in affairs; prudent, artful. 

Political, a. relating to politics. 

Politically, ad. with relation to politics. 

Politicas'ter, s. a petty pretender to politics. 

Politician, s. one skilled in politics. 

Politicly, ad. with policy ; artfully. 

Politics, s. the science of government. 

Polity, *. a form of government; civil consti- 
tution ; policy ; management. 

Pol], s. the head ; a list of those that vote. 

Poll, v. to lop the tops of trees ; to clip 
short, to shear ; to give a vote. 

Pollard, s. a tree lopped ; a clipped coin. 

Pollen, s. a fine powder contained in the 
anthers of flowers; a fine bran. 

Poller, .?. one that lops trees ; a voter. 

PoUicitalion, s. a voluntary promise. 

Pollinc'tor, s. one who prepares materials for 
embalming the dead. 

Pollock, s. a sort of fish. 

Poll'tax, s. a tax levied on heads. 

Pollule, v. to defile, to taint, to corrupt. 

Pollu'te, a. polluted, defiled. 

Pollu'tedness, s. the state of being polluted. 

Pollu'ter, s. a detiler, a corrupter. 

Pollu'tion, s. the act of defiling; defilement. 

Pol'lux, s. one of the Gemini or " Twin 
Stars ;" the other is called Castor. 

Polonai'se, s. a long robe edged with fur. 

Polone'se, s. the Polish language. 

Polonolse, s. a kind of movement in music. 

Poltroon', .v. a coward, a dastard, a scoundrel. 

Poltroon', a. base ; vile ; contemptible. 

Poltroon'ery, s. cowardice ; baseness. 

Polyan thus, s. the name of a flower. 

Polycotvled'onous/j. having many seed-lobes. 

Polye'dron. See Polyhedron. 

Polye'drous. See Polyhedrous. 

Polyg'amist. s. an advocate of polygamy. 

Polyg'amy, s. plurality of wives. 

Pol'ygarehy, s. government by many. 

Pol'vglot, a. having or containing many lan- 
guages : s. one who understands many 
languages. 

Pol'ygon, s. a figure of many angles. 

Pohg'onal, a. having many angles. 

Pol'ygram, s. a figure of many lines. 

Pol'y graph, s a manifold writer or machine 
for multiplying copies of a writing. 

Polyg'raphy, s. the art of writing in many or 
various ciphers. 

Polyhe'dral, Polyhe'drous, a. many-sided. 

Polyhe'dron, s. a solid of many sides. 

Polym'athy, s the knowledge of many arts, 
sciences, or subjects. 

Pol'ype, s. a water worm; the polypus. 

Polyphonic, a. having many sounds. 

Polvpli'unism, s. multiplicity of sound. 

Pol'ypode, s. an animal with many feet. 

Tol'ypous, a. having many feet 01 roots. 



Pol'ypus, s. a marine insect with many feet , 

a swelling or disease in the nostrils with 

many roots. 
Pol'ysperm, s. a tree with fruit of many seeds. 
Polysper'mous, a. having many seeds. 
Polysyllabic, Polysyllab leal, a. having many 

syllables ; pertaining to a polysyllable. 
Polysyl'lable, s. a word of many syllables. 
Polysyn'deton, s. a figure of speech in which 

conjunctions are purposely repeated. 
Polytec'hnic, a. comprehending many arts. 
Polytec'hnie-school, s. a school in which all 

the liberal arts are taught, but generally 

applied to a school for forming engineers, 

surveyors, &c. 
Polythe'ism, s. the doctrine or belief of a 

plurality of gods. 
Polythelst, s. one that holds or believes in a 

plurality of gods. 
Polytheislic, a. pertaining to polytheism. 
Poma'oeous, a. consisting of apples. 
Poma'de, s. a fragrant ointment. 
Poman'der, s. a perfumed ball of powder. 
Porna'tum, s. a scented ointment for the hair. 
Poma'tum, v. to apply pomatum to the hair. 
Pomegran'ate, s. a tree and its fruit. 
Po'meroy, s. a large kind of apple. 
Po'me-water, ,?. a sort of apple. 
Pomif 'erous, a. bearing fruit like apples. 
Pom'mel, 5. a knob on a sword or saddle. 
Pomlnel, v. to beat with the fist, to punch. 
Pomp, s. a grand procession; splendor, show, 

parade ; pride 
Pomposity, s. ostentatiousness. 
Pom'pous, a. stately, magnificent, showy. 
Potn'pously, ad. magnificently, showily. 
Pom'pousness, s. magnificence, splendor. 
Pond, *. a small pool or lake of water. 
Pon'der, v. to weigh mentally ; to think upon, 
Pon'derable, a. capable of being weighed. 
Pon'dcral, a. estimated by weight. 
Pon'derer, s. one who ponders. 
Pon'deringly, ad. with consideration. 
Ponderosity, s. weight, gravity, heaviness. 
Pon'derous, a. heavy, weighty, important. 
Pon'derously, ad. with great weight. 
Pon'derousness, s. heaviness, weight. 
Po'nent, a. setting as the sun; western. 
Poniard, s. a small pointed dagger. 
Poniard, v. to stab with a poniard. 
Pontac', s. a fine sort of claret. 
Pon'tage, s. bridge-duties for repairs. 
Pontee', s. an instrument used in glas» 

works in making bottles. 
Pon'tiff. s. a high priest ; the pope. 
Pontiflc, a. relating to high priests. 
Pontifical, a. belonging to a high priest: s. 

a book containing ecclesiastical rites and 

ceremonies. 
j Pontifical, a. bridge-building [Milton.] 
Pontificallty, s. the state and government of 

the pope ; the papacy. 
Pontificallv, ad. in a pontifical manner. 
Pontificals, s. pi. the full dress of a bishop 

or church dignitary. 
Pontificate, *. the popedom, the papacy. 
Pontifi"cial, Pontifi/'cian, a. relating to tho 

pontificate or pope. 
Pon'tifice, s. bridi>c-work, edifice of a bridge. 
Pontoon', *. a floating bridge of boats. 
Po'ny, s. a small horse. 







217 



POS 



Pool, s. a standing water ; a term at cards. 
Poop, s. the hindermost part of a ship. 
Poor, a. indigent, needy ; lean, emaciated ; 

barren, as soil ; mean, paltry, worthless ; 

wretched, pitiable, unfortunate. 
Poor'ly, ad. in poverty ; with little success : 

a. indifferent in health. 
Poor'ness, s. poverty, indigence, want ; 

sterility ; meanness. 
Pop, s. a smart, quick sound : ad. suddenly. 
Pop, v. to appear or go off suddenly ; to put 

forward or offer suddenly. 
Pope, s. the supreme head of the Roman 

Catholic Church. 
Po'pedom, s. the papacy, the pontificate. 
Po'pe-joan, s. a game at cards. 
Po'pery,^. Catholicism or the Roman Catholic 

religion, but applied offensively. 
Pop'gun, s. a child's gun. 
Pop'injay, s. a parrot, a woodpecker ; a fop. 
Po'pish, a. relating to or peculiar to popery. 
Po'pishly, ad. with tendency to popery. 
Pop'lai-, s. a tree : a. made of poplar. 
Pop'lin, s. a stuff of silk and worsted. 
Poplit'eal, Poplit'ic, a. pertaining to the 

ham or the knee-joint. 
Pop'py, s. the name of a plant. 
Pop'ulace, s. the multitude, the rabble. 
Pop'ular, a. pertaining to the people ; fitting 

or suitable to the people ; beloved by the 

people ; common, vulgar. 
Popularity, s. the favor of the people. 
Pop'ularize, v. to make popular or common. 
Pop'ularly, ad. in a popular manner. 
Pop'ulate, v. to furnish with inhabitants. 
Popula'tion, s. the whole people of a country. 
Pop'ulous, a. full of people or inhabitants. 
Pop'ulousness, s. the being populous. 
Por'cated, a. ridged ; formed in ridges. 
Por'celain, s. the finest sort of earthen ware. 
Porcella'neous, a. pertaining to porcelain. 
Porch, s. a portico, an entrance with a roof. 
Por'cine, a. pertaining to swine. 
Por'cupine, s. a sort of large hedgehog. 
Por'cupine-fish,s.afish covered with prickles. 
Pore, v. to keep looking at closely or intensely. 
Pore, s. a small opening or passage ; a spira- 
cle of the skin through which perspiration 

and humors evaporate. 
Po'rer, s. one who studies diligently. 
Pork, s. swine's flesh unsalted. 
Pork'er, Pork'ling, s. a young pig. 
Poros'ity, s. the quality of having pores. 
Po'rous, Po'ry, a. full of pores. 
Po'rousness, s. the quality of being porous. 
Porphyrinic, a. composed of porphyry. 
Por'phyry, s. a fine speckled marble. 
Por'poise, Por'pus, s. the sea-hog. 
Porra'ceous, a. like a leek, greenish. 
Por'ret, s. a scallion, a leek. 
Porridge, s. a kind of broth ; stirabout. 
Por'ridgepot, s. a pot for boiling porridge. 
Po/ringer, s. a vessel for holding porridge. 
Port, s. a gate or entrance ; a haven or har- 
bour ; an aperture in a ship's side through 

which cannon are discharged. 
Port, s. Oporto or Portugal wine. 
Port, s. carriage, bearing or mien. 
Port, v. to carry in form ; at sea, to carry 

(the helm) to the larboard. 
Port'able, a. that may be carried. 



Port'ableness, s. quality of being portable. 
Portability, s. fitness for being carried. 
Port'age, s. carriage ; price of carriage. 
Por'tal, s* a gate ; the arch of a gate. 
Port'ance, s. air, mien, port, demeanour. 
Port-cray'on, s. a pencil-case. 
Portcul'lis, s. a machine like a harrow hung 

over a gate, ready to be let down on the 

approach of an enemy : v. to shut up or 

close with a portcullis. 
Portcuriised, a. having a portcullis. 
Porte, s. the Ottoman or Turkish court. 
Portend', v. to forebode, to foretoken. 
Porten'sion, s. the act of foretokening. 
Portent', s. a prodigy ; an omen of ill. 
Portent'ous, a. ominous of ill ; monstrous. 
Port'er, s. one who carries burdens for hire. 
Port'er, s. a kind of strong beer, much 

drunk by porters. 
Port'er, s. a gate or door-keeper. 
Port'erage, s. carriage ; money charged for 

carriage. 
Portfolio, .y. a case for loose papers or prints. 
Port'glaive, Port'glave, s. a swordbearer. 
Port'hole, s.a, hole to point cannon through. 
Por'tico, s. a covered walk, a piazza. 
Por'tion, s. a part, a share, an allotment ; a 

wife's fortune : v. to divide, to endow. 
Por'tionist, *. one who has a certain acade- 
mical allowance or portion. 
Port'lincss, s. dignity of mien or bearing; 

bulk of person. 
Port'ly, a. grand of mien ; bulky in person. 
Portman'teau, s. a bag to carry clothes in. 
Port'mote, *. a court held in port towns. 
Por'trait, s. a picture drawn from life. 
Por'traiture, s. a painted resemblance. 
Portray', v. to draw in colors ; to describe 

vividly in words. 
Portray'er, s. one who portrays. 
Por'tress, s. a female keeper of a gate. 
Port'reve, *. the bailiff of a port town. 
Pose, v. to puzzle, to put down. 
Po'ser, s. one who or that which poses. 
Pos'ited, a. placed, set, ranged. 
Posi"tion, s. situation ; principle laid down. 
Positional, a. respecting position. 
Pos'itive, a. laid down ; absolute, direct, 

express ; real ; dogmatic : s. that which 

may be affirmed. 
Positively, ad. certainly, peremptorily. 
Pos'itiveness, s. peremptoriness; confidence. 
Pos'iture, s. the manner of being placed. 
Pos'net, s. a little basin ; a porringer. 
Pos'se-comitatus, [Lat.] s. the civil power of 

a shire or county. 
Possess', v. to have as an owner, to occupy 

to enjoy ; to obtain. 
Posses'sion, s. the state of owning ; the thinp 

possessed. 
Possessions, s. pi. houses and land ; wealth 
Posses'sive, a. having possession ; denoting 

possession ; a term in grammar. 
Posscs'sor, s. an owner, master, proprietor. 
Posses'sory, a. having possession. 
Pos'set, s. milk curdled with wine, &c. 
Pos'set, v. to curdle ; to turn. 
Possibility, s. the state of being possible. 
Pos'sible, a. able to be ; that may be done; 

not contrary to the nature of things. 
Pos'sibly, ad. with possibility ; perhaps. 



POS 



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POU 



Post,'*, a piece of timber placed or set erect ; 
a military station ; a situation or office ; a 
public letter-carrier; a speedy messenger; 
a quick manner of travelling ; a kind of 
paper. 

Post, v. to place, to fix ; to travel with post- 
horses, to travel with speed. 

Post'age, *. money paid for letters. 

Post'boy, s. a courier; a boy that rides post. 

Postchai'se, s. a light body-carriage. 

Postda'te, v. to date later than the time. 

Postdilu'vian, a. living since the flood. 

Post'er, s. a courier ; one that travels hastily. 

Poste'rior, a. happening after ; backward. 

Posteriority, s. the state of being after. 

Poste'riors, s.pl. the hinder parts, the breech. 

Posterity, s. succeeding generations. 

Post'ern, s. a back door ; a private entrance. 

Post-exis'tence, s. a future existence. 

Post-ha'ste, s. haste or speed in travelling. 

Postha'ste, ad. very fast or quick. 

Post'horse, s. a horse stationed for the use of 
couriers, or for travelling post. 

Post'bouse, s. a house to take in letters. 

Post'humous, a. born or published after 
one's decease. 

Post'buinously, ad. after one's death. 

Pos'til, s. a marginal note : v. to write mar- 
ginal notes ; to comment on a text. 

Postil'ion, s. one who guides the first pair of 
horses in a coach. 

Postlimin'iar, Postlimin'ious, a. contrived, 
done, or existing subsequently. 

Post'man, s. a courier ; a letter-carrier. 

Post'-mark, s. a post-office mark on a letter. 

Post'master, s. one who has charge of public 
conveyance of letters. 

Post'master-general, s. he who presidesiover 
the posts or letter-carriers. 

Postmerid'ian, a. being in the afternoon. 

Post'-note, s. a cash note for sending by post. 

Post-nup'tial, a. happening after marriage. 

Post-j/bit, s. a bond payable after the death 
of' the person therein named. 

Post-office, s. an office where letters are re- 
ceived for transmission by post. 

Post'-paid, a. having the postage paid. 

Postpo'ne, v. to put off, to defer ; to set 
below in value. 

Postponement, s. delay ; a putting off. 

Postposition, s. state of being put back or 
out of the regular place. 

Post'script, s. a writing added to a letter. 

Post'-town, s. a town where posthorses are 
kept, or in which there is a post-office. 

Pos'tu.-iant,s.one who demands or supplicates. 

Pos'tulate, s. a position assumed or supposed 
without proof: v. to beg or assume. 

Postula'tion, s. the act of assuming without 
proof ; supplication ; suit. 

Pos'tulatory, a. assumed without proof. 

Postula'tum, s. an assumed position. 

Pos'ture, s. position, place, attitude. 

Pos'ture, v. to put into a posture. 

Pos'ture-m aster, s. one who teaches artificial 
postures or attitudes. 

Po'sy, ,y. a motto on a ring ; a nosegay. 

Pot, s. a vessel to hold liquids or meat. 

Pot, v. to preserve seasoned meats in pots. 

Po' table, a. fit to be drunk, drinkable. 
Po'table, *. something that may be drunk. 



Po'tableness, s. the being potable. 

Potar'go, s. a WesHndian pickle. 

Pot'ash, s. a vegetable alkali obtained from 
the ashes of plants. 

Potas'sa, s. vegetable alkali, potash. 

Potas'sium, s. the metallic basis of potassa. 

Pota'tion, s. a drinking-bout ; a draught. 

Pota'to, s. an esculent root. 

Pot'bellied, a. having a protuberant paunch. 

Pot'belly, s. a protuberant paunch. 

Pot'boy, s. a servant in a public-house. 

Potch, v. to thrust, to push. 

Pot-compan'ion, s. a fellow-drinker. 

Po'tency, s. power, influence, efficacy. 

Po'tent, a. powerful, efficacious, mighty. 

Po'tentacy, J. sovereignty. 

Potentate, s. a monarch, a sovereign. 

Poten'tial, a. existing in possibility, not in 
act ; powerful, efficacious. 

Potentiality, s. possibility ; not actuality. 

Poten'tially, ad. so as to be potential. 

Po'tently, ad. powerfully, forcibly. 

Po'tentness, s. potency, powerfulness. 

Potes'tative, s. authoritative. 

Pot'hanger. See Pot'hook. 

Poth'er, v. to make a bustle, to perplex. 

Poth'er, s. a bustle, stir, confusion, tumult. 

Pot'herb, s. an esculent vegetable. 

Pot'hook, s. a hook on which a pot is hung 
over the fire ; any thing like it in shape. 

Pot'house, s. a low alehouse. 

Po'tion, s. a draught, commonly in physic. 

Pot'lid, s. the cover of a pot. 

Pot'sherd, s. a fragment of a broken pot. 

Pot'tage, j. any thing boiled for food. 

Pot'ter, s. a maker of earthen vessels. 

Pot'tery, *. a place where earthenware is 
made ; earthenware. 

Pot'tle, s. a measure of four pints. 

Pot-val'iant, a. heated to courage by liquor. 

Pouch, s. a small bag, a pocket. 

Pouch, v. to pocket ; to swallow. 

Pouch'mouthed, a. blubber-lipped. 

Poule. See Pool (at cards). 

Poult, s. a young chicken or fowl. 

Poul'terer, s. one who sells fowls. 

Poul'tice, s. a cataplasm or mollifying appli- 
cation to sores or inflammations. 

Poul'tice, v. to apply a poultice to. 

Poul'try, s. all kinds of domestic fowls. 

Poul'try-yard, s. a place to keep fowls in. 

Pounce, s. the talon or claw of a bird of prey ; 
cloth worked in eyelet holes. 

Pounce, v. to seize suddenly or "pounce 
upon," as a bird of prey ; to pierce, as 
with talons ; to perforate ; to work in eye- 
let holes. 

Pounce, s. the powder of gum-sandarach. 

Pounce, v. to sprinkle with pounce or powder. 

Poun'cet-box, s. a small box, perforated to 
allow the escape of scent or pounce. 

Pound, s. a weight ; the sum of 20 shillings. 

Pound, v. to beat as with a pestle. 

Pound, s. a pinfold or prison for trespassing 
cattle : v. to confine in a pound. 

Pound'age, s. an allowance or payment of so 
much in the pound. 

Pound'er, s. a cannon of a certain calibre. 

Pound'er, s. one that pounds. 

Pour, v. to empty liquids out of any 
to flow ; to rush tumultuously. 



POU 



219 



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Pout, s. a kind of fish. See Poult. 

Pout,©, to look sullen by thrusting out thelips. 

Pout'ing, s. a fit of childish sullenness. 

Pov'erty, s. indigence, want, meanness. 

PoVder,,?. dust; gunpowder, hairpowdcr, &c. 

Pow'der, v. to pound or reduce to powder. 

PowMer-box, s. a box for hair-powder. 

PoVder-chest, 5. a chest for gunpowder. 

Pow'der-horn, s. a horn for gunpowder. 

Pow / dering-tub, s. a vessel for salting meat ; 
a place for infected patients. 

Pow'der-mill, s. a mill in which gunpowder 
is manufactured. 

Pow'der-mine, s. a cave or hollow in which 
powder is placed for an explosion. 

Pow'der-room, s. the part of a ship in which 
the gunpowder is kept. 

Pow'dery, a. dusty, friable, soft. 

Pow'er, s. ability to do something, strength ; 
mental faculties ; the moving force in an 
engine ; a potentate ; military force ; au- 
thority, influence. 

Pow'erful, a. potent, mighty, efficacious. 

Pow'erfully, ad. potently, efficaciously. 

Pow'erfulness, s. efficacy, might, force. 

Pow'erless, a. weak, impotent, helpless. 

Pow'er-loom, s. a loom worked by steam. 

Powl'dron, s. in heraldry, that part of the 
armour which covers the shoulders. 

Pow'ter, s. a large-breasted pigeon. 

Pox, s. pustules of any kind. 

Poy, s. a rope-dancer's or waterman's pole. 

Practicability, s. practicableness. 

Practicable, a. that may be done. 

Prac'ticableness, s. the being practicable. 

Prac'ticably, ad. so as to be practicable. 

Prac'tical, a. relating to practice or action. , 

Prac'tically, ad. by practice; in real fact. 

Prac'ticalness, s. quality of being practical. 

Prac'ticc, s. habit, use, dexterity, method. 

Prac'tise, v. to do habitually or repeatedly ; 
to exercise a profession ; to try artifice. 

Prac'tiser, s. one that practises any thing. 

Practi"tioner, s. one engaged in any art or 
profession, particularly that of medicine. 

Praeeog'nita, [Lat.]s. things pre viouslyknown. 

Pragmat'ical, a. meddling, officious. 

Pragmatically, ad. in a meddling manner. 

Pragmat'icalness, s. the quality of intermed- 
dling without right or call. 

Prag'matist, s. an intermeddling person. 

Prai'ree, s. a large extent of meadow ground. 

Praise, s. commendation, renown, fame. 

Praise, v. to commend, to applaud. 

Prai'seful, a. laudable, commendable. 

Prai'seless, a. void of praise. 

Prai'ser, s. an applauder, a commender. 

Praise wor'thily, ad. commendably. 

Praisewor'thiness, 5. a deserving of praise. 

Prai'seworthy, a. deserving praise. 

Prame, Praam, s. a flat-bottomed boat. 

Prance, v. to spring or bound. 

Pran'cing, s. the act of bounding, as a horse. 

Prank, s. a frolic, a trick, a wild flighty act. 

Prank, v. to dress ostentatiously. 

Prank'er, s. one who dresses ostentatiously. 

Prank'ing, s. ostentatious decoration. 

Prate, s. tattle ; unmeaning loquacity. 

Prate, v . to talk idly ; to chatter. 

Pra'ter, s. an idle talker ; a chatterer. 

Pra'tiog, s. chatter ; idle prate. 



Pra'tihgly, ad. with idle loquacity. 

Pra'tique, [Fr.] s. a licenca for a ship td 
traffic after performing quarantine. 

Prat'tle, s. empty talk ; trifling loquacity. 

Prat'tle, v. to talk trifiingly, to chatter. 

Prat'tler, s. a trifling talker, a chatterer. 

Prav'ity, s. depravity, wickedness. 

Prawn, s. a shell-fish like a shrimp. 

Prax'is, s. practice ; a practical exercise. 

Pray, v. to ask with earnestness ; to suppli- 
cate, to entreat ; to petition the Supremo 
Being ; to beseech. 

Pray'er, s. a supplication to Heaven. 

Pray'erbook, s. a book of prayers. 

Pray'erless, a. not using prayer. 

Pray'ingly, ad. with supplication to God. 

Preach, v. to pronounce a public discourse on 
religious subjects ; to sermonize. 

Preach'er, s. one who preaches, a minister. 

Preach'ership, s. the office of a preacher. 

Preach'ing, s. a public religious discourse. 

Preach'ment, s. a discourse affectedly solemn. 

Pre-acquain'tance, s. previous knowledge. 

Pre-acquaint'ed, a. previously acquainted. 

Pre-administra'tion, s. previous administra- 
tion. 

Pre-admon'ish, v. to caution beforehand. 

Pre-admoni"tion, s. previous warning. 

Pre'amble, s. an introduction, a preface. 

Pre'amble, v. to preface, to introduce. 

Pre-am'bulary, a. previous, introductory. 

Pre-am'bulate, v. to walk or go before. 

Pre-ambula'tion, s. awalking or going before. 

Pre-am'bulatory, a. going before. 

Pre-apprehen'sion, s. a notion or opinion 
formed before examination. 

Preb'end, s. a stipend in a cathedral church. 

Preben'dal, a. belonging to a prehend. 

Preb'endary, S. a stipendiary of a cathedral. 

Preb'endaryship, s.the office of aprefoendu r\ . 

Preca'rious, a. depending on the will of an- 
other ; uncertain. 

Precariously, ad- so as to be precarious. 

Preca'riousness, s. state of being uncertain. 

Prec'ative, Prec'atory, a. beseeching. 

Pre-cau'tion, s. a previous caution. 

Pre-cau'tion, v. to warn beforehand. 

Precau'tional, Precau'tionary, a. containing 
previous caution ; preventive. 

Preceda'neous, a. previous, anterior. 

Prece'de, v . to go before. 

Prece'dence, Prece'dcncy, s. the act or state 
of going before, priority ; foremost place. 

Prece'deut, a. going before ; former. 

Pre"cedent, s. something done or said before, 
which serves as a rule or example for fol- 
lowing times. 

Pre"cedented, a. having a precedent. 

Precen'tor, *. he that leads the choir. 

Pre'cept, s. a rule, an injunction, a command. 

Precep'tial, a. consisting of precepts. 

Precep'tive, a. containing or giving precepts. 

Precep'tor, s. a teacher, a tutor. 

Precepto'rial, a. relating to a preceptor. 

Precep'tory, a. giving precepts: 5. a subor- 
dinate religious house for instruction. 

Preces'sion, s. the act of going before. 

Pre'cinct, *. an outward limit, a boundary. 

Pre"cious, a. valuable, costly, of great price. 

Pre"ciou»ly, ad. to a great price; valuably. 

Pre"ciousness, s . valuableness ; worth. 
L2 



PRE 



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Pre"cipice, s. a headlong steep, an. abrupt or 
perpendicular descent. 

Prccip'ient, a. commanding ; directing. 

Prccipitabil'ity, *. the quality or state of 
being precipitable. 

Precipltablc, a. capable of precipitation. 

Preeip'itance, Precipitancy, J. headlong or 
rash haste. 

Precipitant, s. a liquor to precipitate the in- 
gredients in a solution. 

Precip'itant, a. falling or rushing headlong, 
hasty ; rashly hurried. 

Precipltantly, ad. in headlong haste. 

Precip'itate, v. to throw headlong ; to hurry 
or hasten greatly ; to cast (as sediment) to 
the bottom : s. a medicine formed by pre- 
cipitation. 

Precip'itate, a. headlong, steep ; hasty, violent. 

Precip'itate! y, ad. hastily, in blind hurry. 

Pre'cipita'tion, s. the act of precipitating ; 
that which is precipitated ; headlong 
hurry, blind haste. 

Precipitator, s. he that urges on rashly. 

Precip'itous, a. headlong, rash, hasty ; .steep. 

Precipitously, ad. in a precipitous manner. 

Preeip'itousness, s. the being precipitous. 

Prcci'se. a. formal, affected, finical, exact. 

Preei'sely, ad. exactly, nicely, formally. 

Preci'seness, s. exactness^ nicety, formality. 

Precis'ian, s. one who is rigidly exact. 

Procis'ianism, s. excessive exactness. 

Precision, s. exact limitation, nicety. 

Preci'sive, a. exactly limiting. 

Preclu'de, v. to shut out, to prevent. 

Preclusion, J. the act of precluding. 

Preclusive, a. hindering by anticipation. 

Preclu'sively, ad. so as to shut out. 

Preco'cious, a. ripe before the time. 

Preco'ciousness, s. precocity. 

Preco"city, s. ripeness before the time ; early 
maturity. 

Prcco"gitate, v. to consider beforehand. 

Precogita'tion, s. previous consideration. 

Precognition, s. previous knowledge. 

Preconipo'se, v. to compose beforehand. 

Preconceit', s. a notion previously formed. 

Preconcei've, v. to form an opinion before- 
hand ; to imagine beforehand. 

Preconcep'tion, s. an opinion previously 
formed. 

Preconcert', v. to concert beforehand. 

Preconcert'ed, a. settled beforehand. 

Preconiza'tion, s. in law, proclamation. 

Preconsi'gn, v. to consign beforehand. 

Precontract, s. a previous contract. 

Precontract', v. to contract beforehand. 

Prccur'sor, s. a forerunner, a harbinger. 

Precur'sory, a. introductory. 

Prccur'sorv, s. an introduction. 

Preda'ceous, a. living by prey or plunder. 

Pre'dal, a. plundering, robbing. 

Pred'atory, a. practising rapine, plundering. 

Predecea'sed, a. dead before. 

Predeces'sor, s. one who has preceded another 
in any place or office. 

Predesign', v. to design beforehand. 

Predestina'rian, a. relating to predestination. 

Predestina'rian,.v. one who holds the doctrine 
of predestination. 

Predes'tinate, p. and a. predestinated. 

Prcdes'tinate, v. to decree beforehand. 



Predestina'tion, s. a supposed decree or pro- 
determination of God, from all eternity, 
with regard to the salvation of some and 
not of others. 

Predcs'tine, v. to decree beforehand. 

Predeter'minate, a. determined beforehand. 

Predetermination,.?, previous determination. 

Predetermine, v. to determine previously. 

Pre'dial, a. relating to farms. 

Predicabillty, s. capacity of being affirmed. 

Pred'icable, a. that which may be affirmed. 

Prcd'icable, s. a logical term of affirmation. 

Prcdic'amcnt, s. a category, class, kind, con- 
dition, situation. 

Predicumen'tal, a. relating to predicaments. 

Pred'icant, s. one that affirms some thing. 

Predicate, s. what is affirmed of a subject. 

Predicate, v. to affirm or declare. 

Predica'tion, 5. affirmation, declaration. 

Predica'tory, a. affirmative, positive, decisive. 

Predict', v. to foretel ; to prophesy. 

Prediction, s. a foretelling ; a prophecy. 

Predic'tive, a. foretelling ; prophetic. 

Predic'tor, s. one who foretels. 

Predigcs'tion, s. digestion too soon performed. 

Prcdilec'tion, s. a prepossession in favor of 
any particular person or thing. 

Prcdispo'nent, a. that which predisposes. 

Predispo'se, v. to dispose beforehand. 

Prodisposi"tion, s. previous inclination. 

Predominance, s. prevalence, superiority. 

Predom'inant, a. prevalent, ascendant. 

Predominantly, ad. prevalently. 

Predominate, v. to prevail, to be superior, 
to be ascendant; to rule over. 

Predomination, s. superior influence. 

Pre-elcct', v. to choose beforehand. 

Pre-clec'tion, s. previous choice or election. 

Pre-eminence, s. eminence above others. 

Pre-eminent, a. eminent above others. 

Pre-eminently, ad. with pre-eminence. 

Pre-emp'tion, s. the right, or the act of buy- 
ing any commodity before other persons. 

Preen, s. an instrument for dressing cloth. 

Preen, v. to cleanse, to trim. 

Pre-enga'gc, v. to engage beforehand. 

Pre-enga'gcment, s. prior engagement. 

Pre-establish, v. to establish beforehand. 

Pre-establishment, j. settlement beforehand. 

Pre-examina'tion, s. previous examination. 

Pre-cxamlne, v. to examine beforehand. 

Pre-exist', v. to exist beforehand. 

Prc-exist'ence, s. existence beforehand. 

Pre-exist'ent, a. existing beforehand. 

Preface, s. something spoken or written aa 
introductory to a discourse or book. 

Preface, v. to say something introductory. 

Prcf 'acer, s. the writer of a preface. 

Prefatory, a. introductory. 

Prelect, s. a governor, a commander. 

Prefecture, s. the office of a prefect. 

Prefer', v. to regard or esteem more ; to pro. 
mote or advance; to bring or put forward. 

Preferable, a. eligible above another. 

Prcf 'erablcnoss, s. state of being preferable. 

Preferably, ad. in preference. 

Preference, s. act of preferring; estimation 
or choice of one thing before another. 

Prcfer'mcnt, s. advancement, promotion. 

Prefer'rer, s. one who prefers. 

Prefig'urate, v. to show beforehand. 



PRE 



221 



PKE 



Prefigura'tion, s. previous representation. 
Prefig'urative, a. showing by previous signs. 
Prefig'ure, v. to exhibit beforehand. 
Prefini"tion, s. previous limitation. 
Prefix', v. to fix or put before. 
Pre'fix, j. a particle placed before a word. 
Prefix'ion, s. the act of prefixing. 
Preform', v. to form beforehand. 
Preful'gency, s. superior brightness. 
Preg'nable, a. that may be taken. 
Preg'nancy, s. the state of being pregnant ; 

fruitfulness ; inventive power. 
Preg'nant, a. being with young, breeding ; 

fruitful ; full of, teeming, ready, witty. 
Preg'nantly, ad. fruitfully, fully. 
Pre'gravate, v. to bear down ; to depress. 
Pregusta'tion, s. the act of tasting first. 
Prehen'sile, a. seizing, taking hold of. 
Prehen'sion, s. a taking hold ; a seizing. 
Pre-instruct', v. to instruct previously. 
Pre-intima'tion, s. previous intimation. 
Prejud'ge, v. to judge beforehand ; generally, 

to condemn beforehand. 
Prejudg'ment, s. judgment beforehand. 
Preju'dicacy, s. prepossession; prejudice. 
Preju'dicate, v. to form a judgment without 

examination ; to prejudge. 
Preju'dicate, a. fore-judged. 
Preju'dication, s. a judging beforehand. 
Preju'dicative, a. fore-judging. 
Prej'udice, s. prejudgment, prepossession ; 

injury, detriment. 
Prej'udice, v. to fill with prejudice ; to injure. 
Prej'udiced, a. prepossessed ; bigoted. 
Prejudicial, a. injurious, hurtful. 
Prejudi"cially, ad. so as to prejudice. 
Prejudicialness, s. the being prejudiced. 
Prel'acy, s. the office or dignity of a prelate ; 

bishops collectively. 
Prel'ate, s. a bishop, a high ecclesiastic. 
Prel'ateship, s. office of a prelate. 
Prelat'ical, a. relating to prelates or prelacy. 
Prelat'ically, ad. with reference to prelates. 
Prela'tion, s. a preference ; a setting above. 
Prel'atist, s. an advocate for prelacy. 
Prel'ature, s. the state or dignity of a prelate. 
Prelect', v. to read a lecture, to lecture. 
Prelec'tion, s. a reading ; a lecture. 
Prelec'tor, s. a reader; a lecturer. 
Preliba'tion, s. an effusion before tasting, in 

honor of some deity. 
Prelim'inary, a. previous, introductory. 
Preliminary, s. something preparatory. 
Prel'ude, s. a flourish of music introductory 

to a concert ; something introductory ; 

something that shows what is to follow. 
Prelu'de, v. to introduce, to preface. 
Prel'uder, s. one who plays a prelude. 
Prelu'dious, a. previous ; introductory. 
Prelu'sive, Prelu'sory, a. introductory. 
Prematu're, a. ripe too soon ; too soon said 

or done ; too early ; too hasty. 
Prematu're] y, ad. too early ; too soon. 
Prematu'reness. 5. the being premature. 
Prematu'rity, 5. unseasonable earlinoss. 
Premed'itatc, v. to think, conceive, or con- 
trive beforehand. 
Premcd'itated, a. contrived beforehand. 
Premed'itately, ad. with premeditation. 
Premedita'tion, s. the act of premeditating. 
Premer'it, v. to deservo before another. 



Prem'ices, s. first fruits. 

Pre'mier, a. first, chief, principal. 

Pre'mier, s. the prime minister. 

Pre'miership, s. the office of the prime or first 
minister of state. 

Premi'se, v. to lay down as premises ; to ex- 
plain previously. 

Prem'ises, s. in logic, the two first proposi- 
tions of a syllogism ; things premised gen- 
erally ; in law, houses or lands. 

Prem'iss, s. one of the premises in a syllo- 
gism ; an antecedent proposition. 

Pre'mium, 5. something given to invite a 
loan or a bargain, a bonus ; a reward. 

Premon'ish, v. to warn beforehand. 

Premon'ishment, s. previous information. 

Premoni"tion, s. previous warning. 

Premon'itory, a. giving previous warning. 

Premon'strate, v. to show beforehand. 

Premonstra'tion, 5. a showing beforehand. 

Premuni're, s. a writ in the common law, the 
penalties of which are incurred by persons 
who introduce foreign authority, particu- 
larly that of the Pope. 

Premuni"tion, s. anticipation of objection. 

Preno'men, s. a name among the Romans 
answering to our first or Christian name. 

Prenom'inate, v. to name beforehand. 

Prenomina'tion, s. the being named first. 

Preno'tion, s. foreknowledge, prescience. 

Prensa'tion, J. a seizing with violence. 

Pren'tice. See Apprentice. 

Prenun'ciate, v. to declare beforehand. 

Prenuncia'tion, s. the act of telling before. 

Pre-ob'tain, v. to obtain beforehand. 

Pre-oc'cupancy, s. a taking of first possession. 

Pre-oc'cupate, v. to anticipate ; to prepossess. 

Pre-occupation, s. previous possession. 

Pre-oc'cupy, v. to take previous possession of. 

Pre-om'inate, v. to prognosticate. 

Pre-opin'ion, s. an opinion previously formed. 

Pre-op'tion, s. the right of first choice. 

Pre-ordain', v. to ordain beforehand. 

Pre-or'dinance, s. an antecedent decree. 

Pre-or'dinate, a. preordained. 

Pre-ordina'tion, s. the act of preordaining. 

Preparation, .?. the act of preparing; the 
thing prepared ; previous measures. 

Prepar'ative, a. serving or tending to prepare. 

Prepar'ative, s. that which prepares. 

Prepar'atively, ad. by way of preparation. 

Prepar'atory, a. introductory, antecedent. 

Prepa're, v. to make ready, to fit, to adjust, 
to qualify ; to provide. 

Prepa'rcdly, ad. so as to be prepared. 

Prepa'redness, s. the state of being prepared. 

Prepa'rer, J. one that prepares. 

Prepen'se, a. premeditated ; contrived before- 
hand, as " malice prepense." 

Prepen'se, v. to deliberate beforehand. 

Prepol'lence, Prepol'lency, s. prevalence. 

Prepol'lent, a. predominant. 

Preponderance, .?. superiority of weight. 

Prepon'derant, a. outweighing. 

Preponderate, v. to outweigh. 

Prepondera'tion, s. the act of outweighing. 

Preposi"tion, s.in grammar, a particle usually 
placed before a noun, and governing a case. 

Preposi"tional, a. pertaining toa preposition. 

Prepos'itiYe, a. put before : s. a word or par- 
ticle put before another word 



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s'itor, s. a pupil appointed by the mas- 
ter to overlook the rest ; a monitor. 

Prepos'iture, J. the office of a provost. 

Prepossess', v. to prejudice, to bias. 

Preposses'sion, s. prior possession ; prejudice. 

Preposses'sor, s. a previous possessor. 

Prepos'terous, a. having that first which 
should be last ; absurd, wrong, foolish. 

Prepos'terously, ad. absurdly, foolishly. 

Prepos'terousness, s. absurdity, folly. 

Prepo'tency, s. predominance : superiority. 

Prepo'tent, a. mighty ; very powerful. 

Pre'puce, s. the foreskin. 

Prerequi're, v. to demand beforehand. 

Prerequisite, a. previously necessary : s. 
something previously necessary. 

Preresol've, v. to determine beforehand. 

Prerogative,.?, an exclusive privilege or right. 

Prerog'ative-Court, *. a court for the trial of 
testamentary causes. 

Prerog'atived, a. having prerogative. 

Pres'age, Presa'gcment, J. a prognostic. 

Presa'ge, v. to forbode ; to foretel. 

Presa'geful, a. foreboding; full of presage. 

Presa'ger, s. one who, or that which presages. 

Pres'byter, s. an elder ; a pastor, a priest ; 
a presbyterian. 

Presbyte'rial, a. presbyterian. 

Presbyte'rian, a. pertaining or relating to 
presbyterianism : *. one who belongs to a 
church governed by presbyters or elders. 

Presbyte'rianism, s. the doctrines and discip- 
line of presbyteriar.s. 

Pres'bytery, s. a church court consisting of 
the pastors and ruling elders within a cer- 
tain district. 

Pre 'science, s. a knowledge of futurity. 

Pre'scient, a. foreknowing; prophetic. 

Prescind', v. to cut off ; to abstract. 

Prescind'ent, a. cutting off; abstracting. 

Pre'scious, a. having foreknowledge. 

Prescribe, v. to set down authoritatively ; to 
direct ; to direct medically 

Prescri'ber, s. one who prescribes. 

Prc'script, a. prescribed, directed byprecept. 

Pre'script, s. a direction, a precept. 

Prescription, 5. a medical recipe ; custom 
continued till it has the force of law. 

Prescrip'tive, a. established by custom. 

Pres'ence, s. state of being present ; mien, 
bearing ; quickness at expedients. 

Pres'ence-chamber, s. the room in which a 
great person receives company. 

Presensa'tion, s. a previous sensation or idea. 

Presen'sion, s. perception beforehand. 

Pres'ent, a. being before ; not absent ; not 
past, nor future ; ready at hand : s. the 
present time. 

Present', v. to place in the presence of; to 
introduce to the notice of a superior ; to 
give formally ; to offer or hold out ; to 
nominate to a benefice. 

Pres'ent, s. a gift, a donation. 

Presentable, a. that may be presented. 

Presenta'neous, a. ready, immediate. 

Presenta'tion, s. the act of presenting ; the 
gift of an ecclesiastical benefice. 

Presen'tative, a. admitting of presentation. 

Presentee', s. one presented to a benefice. 

Fresent'er, s. one that presents. 

Presen'tial, a. supposing actual presence. 



Presential'ity, s. state of being present. 

Presen'timent, J. a previous notion or feeling. 

Present'ment, s. the act of presenting; any 
thing presented or represented ; a bill pre- 
sented or brought before a grand jury. 

Preser'vable, a. that may be preserved. 

Preservation, 5. the act of preserving ; the 
state of being preserved. 

Preservative, a. having power to preserve : 
s. that which has the power of preserving. 

Preser'vatory, a. tending to preserve : s. that 
which has the power of preserving. 

Preser've, v. to save, to keep ; to season or 
pickle fruits and vegetables. 

Preser've, s. fruit preserved in sugar ; a place 
where game is preserved. 

Preser'ver, s. one who preserves. 

Presi'de, v. to be set over; to have authority 
over ; to direct. 

Presidency, s. presidentship. 

Pres'ident, s. one who presides, a governor. 

Presiden'tial, a. relating to a president. 

Pres'identship, s. the office of a president. 

Presid'ial, Presid'iary, a. relating to a gar- 
rison ; having a garrison. 

Presignifica'tion, J. the act of signifying or 
showing beforehand. 

Presig'nify, v. to signify or show beforehand. 

Press, v. to squeeze, to crush, to compress, 
to constrain, to urge, to force, to push 
against, to crowd. 

Press, s. an instrument for pressing ; a 
printing machine ; a case or frame in 
which clothes, &c, are kept ; a throng, a 
crowd ; a hurry, urgency. 

Press'-bed, s. a bed that shuts or folds up in 
a press or case. 

Press'er, s. one that presses ; a pressman. 

Press'-gang, *. a detatchment from a ship's 
crew for pressing men into the navy. 

Pressing, a. importunate ; urgent. 

Press'ingly, ad. with force ; urgently. 
j Pres'sion, s. the act of pressing ; pressure. 

Press'man, s. a printer who works at a press ; 
one of a press-gang. 

Press'money, s. money for pressed men. 

Pres'sure, s. the act of pressing ; state of 
being pressed ; force, weight ; urgency, 
distress ; an impression. 

Prest, a. ready ; neat, tight : J. a loan. 

Presti'ge, [Fr.] s. an illusion; a dazzling. 

Pres'tiges, s. pi. illusions; juggling tricks. 

Prestigia'tion, j. a deceiving ; a juggling. 

Presti"giator, s. a juggler, a cheat. 

Presti"giatory, Presti"gious, a. juggling ; 
practising tricks ; imposing upon. 

Pres'to, ad. [Ital.] quick (a musical term.) 

Prestric'tion, s. a dazzling ; a dimness. 

Presu'mable, a. that may be presumed. 

Presu'mably, ad. without examination. 

Presu'me, v. to take for granted, to suppose, 
to affirm without proof: to venture or 
attempt ; to form confident or arrogant 
opinions. 

Presu'mer, s. one that presumes. 

Presu'ming, a. arrogant, confident. 

Presump'tion, s. the act of presuming ; the 
thing presumed ; a supposition, probabi- 
lity ; arrogance. 

Presumptive, a. supposed ; probable. 

Presump'tively, ad. by previous supposition. 



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PRI 



Presump'tuous, a. arrogant, haughty. . 

Presumj/tuously, ad. with arrogance. 

Presump'tuousness, s. arrogance. 

Presuppo'sal, s. previous supposition. 

Presuppo'se, v. to suppose beforehand. 

Presupposi'tion, s. previous supposition. 

Presurmi'se, s. surmise previously formed. 

Preten'ce, s. a pretext ; an assumption. 

Pretend', v. to show hypocritically ; to sim- 
ulate ; to allege falsely ; to claim. 

Pretend'edly, ad. by false representation. 

Pretend'er, s. one who claims or arrogates to 
himself what does not belong to him. 

Pretendingly, ad. with pretence. 

Pretention, s. a claim ; a false appearance. 

Preterimper'fect, a. in grammar, the tense 
not perfectly past. 

Pre'terite, a. in grammar, the past tense. 

Preteri'lion, s. the act of going past. 

Preterlap'sed, a. past and gone. 

Preterlegal, a. exceeding the limits of law. 

Pretermit 'sion, s. the act of omitting. 

Pretermit', v. to pass by, omit, neglect. 

Preternat'ural, a. not natural ; irregular. 

Preternaturallty, Preternat'uralness, s. state 
of being out of the order of nature. 

rreternat'urally, ad. in a manner different 
from the common order of nature. 

Preterper'fect, a. perfectly past (in grammar). 

Preterplu'perfect, a. time relatively past, or 
past before some other past time. 

Pretext', s. a pretence ; false allegation. 

Pre'tor, s. a Roman judge ; a mayor. 

Preto'rial, a. done by a pre tor ; judicial. 

Preto'rian, a. relating to a pretor ; judicial. 

Pre'torship, s. the office of a pretor. 

Pret'tily, ad. neatly, elegantly, agreeably. 

Pret'tiness, s. beauty ; elegance ; neatness. 

Pret'ty, a. handsome, beautiful, neat. 

Pret'ty, ad. in some degree, nearly. 

Pretyp'ify, v. to prefigure. 

Prevail', v. to overcome, to be in force, to 
have power over, to persuade. 

Prevail'ing, a. predominant, prevalent. 

Prev'alence, Prev'alency, s. superiority ; 
predominance ; influence ; fcree. 

Prev'alent, a. powerful, predominant. 

Prevalently, ad. powerfully ; forcibly. 

Prevar'icate, v. to cavil, to quibble. 

Prevarica'tion, s. double dealing ; shuffling. 

Prevar'icator, s. a caviller, a shuffler. 

Preve'ne, v. to hinder; to come before. 

Preve'nient, a. preceding, preventive. 

Prevent', v. to go before, to hinder, to obstruct. 

Preveut'able, a. capable of being prevented. 

Prevent'er, s. one that prevents or hinders. 

Prevent'ingly, ad. so as to prevent. 

Preven'tion, s. hinderance, obstruction. 

Prevcn'tional, a. tending to prevent. 

Preventive, a. preservative, hindering. 

Preventive, s. a preservative. 

Preven'tively, ad. by way of prevention. 

Pre'vious, a. antecedent, going before, prior. 

Pre'viously, ad. beforehand; antecedently. 

Pre'viousness, s. antecedence. 

Previs'ion, s. a seeing beforehand, foresight. 

Prewarn', v. to forewarn. 

Prey, s. spoil, plunder, booty; food ob- 
tained by violence. 

Prey, v. to feed by violence ; to plunder. 

Prey'er, s . a robber, devourcr, plunderer. 



Price, s. the sum at which any thing is va- 
lued or sold ; value ; reward. 

Price, v. to value ; to estimate. 

Priceless, a. invaluable ; without price. 

Prick, v. to pierce, to spur, to goad ; to in- 
cite ; to pierce with remorse ; to erect, as 
the ears ; to mark down a tune. 

Prick, s. a puncture, a spur, a point. 

Prick'er, s. a sharp-pointed instrument. 

Prick'et, s. a buck in his second year. 

Prick'ing, s. sensation of being pricked. 

Pric'kle, s. a small sharp point ; a thorn. 

Pric'kleback, s. a small fish. 

Prick'liness, s. fulness of sharp points. 

Prick'louse, s. a word of contempt for a tailor. 

Prickly, a. full of sharp points. 

Pride, s. inordinate self-esteem ; haughti- 
ness ; elevation ; ostentation ; splendor. 

Pride, v. to rate one's self too high. 

Pri'deful, a. full of pride, scornful. 

Pri'deless, a. void of pride. 

Pri'dingly, ad. in pride of heart. 

Pri'er, s. one who inquires too narrowly. 

Priest, s. one who officiates at the altar. 

Priest'craft, s. the art and practices of the 
clergy to gain power. 

Priest'ess, s. a female priest. 

Priest'hood, s. the office of a priest. 

Priest'like, a. resembling a priest. 

Priest'liness, s. quality of being priestly. 

Priest'ly, a. relating to a priest ; sacerdotal. 

Priest'ridden, a. governed by priests. 

Prig, s. a thief; a pert, conceited fellow. 

Prig, v. to steal, to filch. 

Prim, a. formal, precise, affectedly nice. 

Prim, v. to deck with affected nicety. 

Pri'macy, s. dignity or office of a primate. 

Pri'mal, a. first, original. 

Pri'marily, ad. originally, in the first place 

Pri'mariness, s. the state of being first. 

Pri'mary, a. first in order, chief, principal. 

Pri'mate, s. the chief ecclesiastic. 

Pri'mateship, s. the office of a primate. 

Prima'tial, a. pertaining to a primate. 

Prime, a. primal, first, early ; first-rate. 

Prime, s. the first part, the beginning ; the 
dawn, the morning ; the spring of life ; 
the best or choicest part ; the height. 

Prime, v. to put powder in the pan of a gun ; 
to lay the first colors on in painting. 

Pri'mely, ad. originally ; excellently, well. 

Pri'meness, s. state of being prime. 

Prim'er, s. the first book for children. 

Prime'ro, s. a game at cards. 

Prime'vous, a. original. 

Primi"genous, a. primogenial. 

Pri'ming, s. powder in the pan of a gun ; 
among painters, the first color. 

Primi"tial, a. of the first production. 

Primitive, a. original ; formal, precise ; 
primary, not derivative : s. a primitive 
or original word. 

Primitively, ad. originally, primarily. 

Primltiveness, s. state of being primitive. 

Prim'ness, 5. formality, demureness. 

Primoge'nial, a. first-born ; original. 

Primogenitor, s. a forefather, an ancestor. 

Primogeniture, *. state of being first born. 

Primogenltureship, s. right of eldership. 

Primordial, a. existing from the beginning. 

Primordial, s. origin ; first principle. 



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Primor'dian, s. a kind of plum. 

Primor'diate, a. existing from the first. 

Prim'rose, s. an early spring flower. 

Pri'mum-mob'ile, [Lat.] s. a first mover. 

Pri'my, a. blooming. 

Prince, s. a sovereign ; a king's son ; a chief. 

Prin'cedom, s. the rank or estate of a prince. 

Prin'celike, a. becoming a prince, princely. 

Prin'celiness, s. the being princely. 

Prin'ce'y, a. princelike. 

Prin'cely, ad. in a princelike manner. 

Prince's-feath'er, s. the herb amaranth. 

Prin'cess, s. a sovereign lady ; the daughter 
of a king ; a prince's consort. 

Prin'cipal, a. chief, capital, important. 

Prin'cipal, s. a head, a chief; one primarily 
engaged, not an accessary ; a sum placed 
out at interest. 

Principal'ity, s. the territory of a prince. 

Principally, ad. chiefly, above all. 

Prin'cipalness, s. the state of being chief. 

Prin'cipate, s. principality; supreme rule. 

Princip'ia, [Lat.] s. pi. first principles. 

Principia'tion, s. analysis into constituent or 
elemental parts. [Bacon.] 

Prin'ciple, s. element, constituent part; ori- 
ginal cause : fundamental truth ; ground of 
action; motive; tenet; a settled opinion. 

Prin'ciple, v. to establish or fix in any tenet. 

Prink, v. to prank, to deck for show. 

Print, s. a mark made by impression ; a cut 
in wood or metal to be impressed on paper ; 
the impression made ; the letters in a 
printed book ; a printed book. 

Print, v. to mark by pressure ; to impress 
with type ; to publish a book. 

Print'er, s. one who prints books, &c. 

Print'ing, s. the art or process of imprinting 
letters or words ; typography. 

Print'less, a. leaving no impression. 

Pri'or, a. former, antecedent, anterior. 

Pri'or, s. the head of a priory of monks. 

Pri'orate, s. government by a prior. 

Pri'oress, s. superior of a convent of nuns. 

Prior'ity, s. precedence in time or place. 

Pri'orly. ad antecedently. 

Pri'orship, s. office or dignity of a prior. 

Pri'ory, s. a convent inferior to an abbey. 

Prism, s. a kind of mathematical glass, tri- 
angularly formed, by the oblique action 
of which the refracted light assumes dif- 
ferent colors. 

Prismat'ic, a. formed like a prism. 

Prismat'ically, ad. in the form of a prism. 

Pris'moid, s. a solid body like a prism. 

Pris'on, s. a jail, a place of confinement. 

Pris'on, v. to imprison ; to confine. 

Pris'onbars, .y. a kind of rural play. 

Pris'oner, s. a captive ; one under arrest. 

Pris'onhouse, s. a place of confinement. 

Pris'cnment, s. imprisonment; captivity. 

Pris'tine, a. first, ancient, original. 

Prith'ee, a corruption of I pray thee. 

Pri'vacy, s. secrecy, retirement. 

Pri'vate, a. belonging to one's self ; indivi- 
dual, particular, alone ; not public ; not 
open, secret. 

Pri'vate, s. a common soldier. 

Privateer', s. a private ship of war licensed 
by government to take prizes from the 
enemy. 



Pri'vate] y, ad. secretly, not openly. 
Pri'vatcness, s. secrecy ; privacy ; retirement. 
Priva'tion, s. the state of being deprived of 

something; loss; absence. 
Priv'ativc, a. causing privation, negative. 
Priv'ative, s. that which exists by the absence 

of something else ; as silenee, which exista 

by the absence of sound. 
Priv'atively, ad. so as to be privative. 
Priv'ativeness, s. state of being privative. 
Priv'et, s. an evergreen plant. 
Privilege, s. a peculiar advantage, a right 

not universal ; immunity. 
Privilege, v. to grant a privilege, to exempt. 
Priv'ilv, ad. privately, secretly. 
Priv'ity, s. secrecy ; private knowledge. 
Priv'y, a. private, secret; privately knowing. 
Priv'y, s. a necessary house. 
Privy-coun'scllor, s. a member of the privy 

council of state. 
Privy-seal', Privy-sig'net, s. the seal used 

by the king previous to the great seal. 
Prize, s. a reward gained ; booty. 
Prize, v. to set a price on ; to value highly. 
Pri'zefighter, s. one who fights for a reward. 
Pri'zer, s. one that values. 
Pro'a, Proe, s. a long narrow vessel used in 

the South Seas. 
Probability, s. likelihood ; appearance of 

truth ; evidence of argument. 
Prob'able, a. likely, or like to be. 
Prob'ably, ad. likely, in all likelihood. 
Pro'bate, s. the proof of a will, &c. 
Proba'tion, s. the act of proving ; proof, 

evidence ; moral trial ; novitiate. 
Proba'tional, Proba'tionary, a. serving for 

trial or proof. 
Proba tioner, s. one upon trial ; a novice. 
Proba'tionship, s. state of probation. 
Proba'tor, [Lat.] s. an examiner, an approver. 
Probe, s. an instrument used by surgeons for 

probing or examining wounds: v. to try 

with a probe; to search or try thoroughly. 
Prob'ity, s. uprightness, integrity, veracity. 
Prob'lom, s. a question proposed for solution. 
Problemat'ical, a. questionable, uncertain. 
Problematically, ad. uncertainly. 
Problem'atize, v. to propose problems. 
Probos'cis, s. the trunk of an elephant. 
Proca'cious, a. petulant, pert, saucy. 
Proca"city, s. sauciness, petulance. 
Procatarc'tic, a. tending remotely to the 

commencement of a disease. 
Proce'dure, s. manner of proceeding. 
Proceed', v. to go forward or forth ; to ad- 
vance ; to go on ; to prosecute. 
Proceed'cr, s. one who goes forward. 
Procced'ing, s. a transaction ; legal process. 
Pro"eeeds, s. pi. the money arising out of a 

commercial transaction ; the income. 
Proceleusmat'ic, a. inciting by songs. 
Proce're, a. tall, of lofty stature. 
Proeer'ity, s. tallncss, height of stature. 
Pro"cess, .?. a proceeding or moving forward ; 

course of law ; order of things. 
Proces'sion, s. an issuing forth ; a train of 

persons marching in ceremonious order. 
Proces'sional, a. relating to a procession. 
Proecs'sionary, a. going in procession. 
Pro'chronism, s. an error in chronology, by 

dating an event before it happened. 



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PRO 



Pro"cidence, s. a falling down, a prolapsus. 

Proeid'uous, a. that falls from its place. 

Proclaim', v. to publish solemnly, to tell 
openly ; to outlaw by public denunciation. 

Proclaim'cr, s. one publishing by authority. 

Proclamation, x. a public notice given by 
authority ; a declaration of the king's will. 

Procli've, a. inclining. 

Procliv'ity, s. propensity, proneness. 

Procli'vous, a. inclined, tending. 

Procon'sul, 5. a Roman governor. 

Procon'sular, a. belonging to a proconsul. 

Proconsulate, s. the office of a proconsul. 

Procon'sul ship, s. the office of a proconsul. 

Procras'tinate, v. to put off from day to day. 

Procrastina'tion, s. delay, dilatoriness. 

Procras'tinator, s. a dilatory person. 

Pro'creant, a. generating, productive. 

Pro'create, v. to generate, to produce. 

Procrea'tion, s. generation, production. 

Pro'creative, a. generative, productive. 

Pro'creativencss, s. power of generation. 

Pro'creator, s. a generator, a begetter. 

Proc'tor, s. in, procurator or) one who man- 
ages the affairs of another ; an attorney in 
the spiritual court, an officer in a university. 

Proc'torage, s. management by a proctor. 

Proctor'ical, a. belonging to a proctor. 

Proc'torship, s. the office of a proctor. 

Procum'bent, a. lying down, prone. 

Procurable, a. that may be procured. 

Proc'uracy, s. the management of anything. 

Pi-ocura'tion, s. the act of procuring; man- 
agement of affairs for another. 

Procurator, s. a manager, an agent, a proctor. 

Procurato'rial, a. done by procuration. 

Procura'torship, s. office of a procurator. 

Proc'uratory, a. tending to procuration. 

Procu're, v. to obtain, to acquire ; to pimp. 

Procurement, s. the act of procuring. 

Procu'rer, s. an obtainer, a pimp, a pander. 

Procu'rcss, s. a bawd. 

Prod'igal, a. profuse;, wasteful, lavish. 

Prod'igal, s. a spendthrift, a waster. 

Prodigal'ity, s. extravagance, profusion. 

Prod'igally, ad. profusely, wastcfully. 

Prodi"gious, a. very great, amazing, mon- 
strous, enormous. 

Prodi"giously, ad. amazingly, enormously. 

Prodi"giousness, s. the being prodigious. 

Prod'igy, s. a preternatural thing; a mon- 
ster ; any thing astonishing. 

Prodi"tion, s. treason, treachery. 

Prodito'rious, a. traitorous, treacherous. 

Prod'itory, s. treacherous, perfidious. 

Pro'drome, s. a forerunner. 

Produ'ce, v. to bring forth, to yield, to cause. 

Prod'uce, s. that which is produced. 

Produ'cent, s. one who exhibits or offers. 

Produ'ccr. 5. one that generates or produces. 

Producibil'ity, s the power of producing. 

Produ'ciblc, a that may be produced. 

Produ'cibleness, s. state of being producible. 

Prod'uct, s. that which is produced; the 
sum; a result, an effect. 

Production, 5. the act of producing; what- 
ever is produced ; a product ; a work of 
art or study. 

Productive, a. having power to produce ; 
generative: fertile. 

Productiveness, s. state of being productive. 



Pro'em, s. a preface, an introduction. 
Pro'em, v. to preface, to introduce 
Proe'mial, a. prefatory, introductory. 
Profanation, s. violation of things sacred. 
Profa'ne, a. not sacred, irreverent, polluted. 
Profa'ne, v. to violate any thing sacred, to 

pollute ; to put to wrong use. 
Profa'nely, ad. irreverently, wickedly. 
Profa'neness, s. irreverence, impiety. 
Profa'ner, 5. one who profanes or pollutes. 
Profan'ity, s. profaneness, impiety. 
Profec'tion, s. advance, progression. 
Profess', v. to declare openly : to avow. 
Profess'edly, ad. openly, avowedly. 
Profes'sion, j. open declaration ; avocation 

or calling, particularly a learned one, as 

in law, physic, &c. 
Profes'sional, a. relating to a profession. 
Profes'sionally, ad. in a professional way. 
Profes'sor, s. one who openly professes any 

thing ; a public teacher of any branch of 

learning or science. 
Professo'rial, a. relating to a professor. 
Profes'sorship, s. the office of a public 

teacher of any art or science. 
Proffer, v. to offer of one's own accord. 
Proffer, s. an offer made. 
Prof ferer, 5. he that offers. 
Profi"cience, Profi"cieney, s. advancement 

in any thing ; improvement gained. 
Profi"cient, 3. one advanced in a study. 
Profic'uous, a. advantageous ; useful. 
Pro'filc, s. the side-face. 
Profit, s. pecuniary gain ; advantage. 
Profit, v. to gain advantage ; to benefit. 
Profitable, a. lucrative, beneficial. 
Profitableness, s. gainfulncss, usefulness. 
Profitably, ad. with profit, advantageously. 
Profitless, a. void of gain or advantage. 
Profligacy, s. profligate behaviour. 
Profligate, a. wicked, abandoned, shameless. 
Profligate, s. an abandoned wretch. 
Profligately, ad. in a profligate way. 
Profligatencss, s. the being profligate. 
Profliga'tion, s. defeat, rout. 
Proflnence, s. progress, course. 
Pro fluent, a. flowing forwards. 
Profound', a. deep; intellectually deep, deep 

in learning or science. 
Profound', s. the deep ; tho sea ; the abyss. 
Profound'!}-, ad. deeply; with deep insight. 
Profoundness, s. depth of knowledge. 
Profun'dity, s. depth of place or knowledge. 
Profu'se, a. lavish, wasteful, prodigal. 
Profu'sely, ad. lavishly ; prodigally. 
Profu'seness, s. lavishncss, prodigality. 
Profu'sion, s, lavishness, prodigality. 
Prog, s. victuals, provisions of any kind. 
Prog, v. to shift meanly for provisions. 
Progen'erate, v. to beget, to propagate. 
Progenitor, s. an ancestor in a direct line. 
Pro 'gen y, s. offspring, issue, race. 
Progno'sis, J. a foreknowing; that part of 

medicine by which the event of a disease 

is known from its symptoms. 
Prognostic, a. foreshowing, foretokening. 
Prognostic, s. a sign which foreshows. 
Prognos'ticable, a. that may be foretold. 
Prognosticate, v. to fortel, to foreshow. 
Prognostica'tion, s. the act of foretellirg. 
Prognos'ticator, s. one who foretels. 
L3 



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Pro'gramme, s. a bill of the outline of an 
entertainment ; an advertisement. 

Progress, s. a going forward ; advancement, j 

Progress', v. to movo forward ; to advance. | 

Progression, s. the act of progressing ; re- 
gular advancement, course. 

Progrcs'sional , a. advancing, increasing. 

Progressive, a. going forward, advancing. 

Progressively, ad. by a regular course. 

Progress'iveness, s. the state of advancing. 

Prohib'it, v. to forbid, to debar, to hinder. 

Prohib'iter. s. one that prohibits. 

Prohibition, j. an interdiction. 

Prohibitive, a. implying prohibition. 

Prohibitory, a. containing a prohibition. 

Proj'ect, s. a scheme, contrivance, design. 

Project', v. to scheme, to contrive ; to jut out. 

Projoc'tilo, a. impelled forward. 

Projec'tile, s. a body impelled forward. 

Projee'tion, j. the act of throwing forward; 
a part jutting out as in a building ; a plan 
or delineation. 

Project'ment, s. design, contrivance. 

Projec'tor, 5. one who form? projects, gen- 
erally of a wild and fanciful nature. 

Projec'ture, s. a jutting-out. 

Prolap'se, v. to fall or to extend out too much. 

Prola'te, v. to pronounce, to utter. 

Pro'late, a. oblate, flatted at the poles. 

Prola'tion, s. utterance ; delay. 

Prolegom'cna, [Gr.] s. introductory remarks. 

Prolep'sis, s. an anticipation of objections. 

Prolcp'tic, Prolep'tical, a. anticipatory. 

Prolep'tically, ad. by way of anticipation. 

Proletarian, a. vulgar, mean, low. 

Pro'letary, 5. one of the lowest order. 

Prolific, Prolif'ical, a. fruitful, productive. 

Prolificacy, s. extreme fruitfuiness. 

Prolificacy, ad. fruitfully. 

Prolifica'tion, s. generation of children. 

Prolif icness, s. the state of being proline. 

Prolix', a. tedious, not concise, dilatory. 

Prolix'ity, s. tediousness ; want of brevity. 

Prolixly, ad. at great length ; tediously. 

Proloe'utor, s. the speaker of a convocation. 

Pro] editorship, s. the office of prolocutor. 

Prol'ogize, v. to deliver a prologue. 

Prorogue, j. a speech before a stage play. 

Prorogue, v. to introduce with a prologue. 

Prolong', v. to lengthen out, to put off. 

Prolon'gate, v. to lengthen or extend. 

Prolonga'tion, s. a lengthening; a delay. 

Prolong'er, s. one that prolongs. 

Prolu'sion, s. a prelude ; an introduction. 

Fromena'de, s. a walk for pleasure and 
show : v. to walk about. 

Prome'theau, a. pertaining to Prometheus. 

Prom'inencc, Prom'inency, s. a standing out; 
the. state of being prominent. 

Prominent, a. jutting or standing out. 

Prominently, ad. in a prominent manner. 

Promis'cuous, a. mingled ; indiscriminate. 

Promiscuously, ad. with confused mixture. 

Promis'ouousnoss, s. the being promiscuous. 

Promise, s. a declaration to do something for 
another, generally a benefit; hope; ex- 
pectation. 

Promise, v. to make a promise ; to assure. 
Promise breach, s. violation of a promise. 
Promise-breaker, s. a violator of promises. 
Prom'iscr, s. one who promises. 



Promising, a. affording hope of good. 

Prom'issorily, ad. by way of promise. 

Promissory, a. containing a promise. 

Prom'ontory, s. a headland, a cape. 

Promo'te, v. to forward, to advance ; to prefer. 

Promo'ter, 5. an advancer, an encourager. 

Promo'tion, s. encouragement, preferment. 

Promo'tive, a. tending to promote. 

Prompt, a. ready, quick, present. 

Prompt, v. to suggest words to ; to incite. 

Prompt'er, s. one who prompts. 

Promp'titude, s. readiness, quickness. 

Promptly, ad. readily ; expeditiously. 

Prompt' ness, s. readiness ; quickness. 

Promp'tuary, s. a repository, a magazine. 

Promp'ture, s. suggestion ; instigation. 

Promulgate, v. to publish, to teach openly. 

Promulga'tion, s. publication; exhibition. 

Promulgator, s. one who promulgates. 

Promul'ge, v. to promulgate. 

Promul'ger, s. a promulgator. 

Prona'tion, s. that position of the hand in 
which the palm is turned downward. 

Prona'tor, s. a muscle of the fore ami that 
helps to turn the palm downwards. 

Prone, a. bending downwards ; sloping, in- 
clined ; disposed or inclined to. 

Pro'neness, s. state of being prone. 

Prong, s. the spike of a fork ; a fork. 

Pronom'inal, a. belonging to a pronoun. 

Pro'noun, s. a word used for a noun. 

Pronoun'ee, v. to speak, to utter ; to pass 
judgment; to declare. 

Pronoun'ceable, a. that may be pronounced. 

Pronoun'cer, s. one who pronounces. 

Pronoun'cing, a. teaching the pronunciation. 

Pronunciation, s. act or mode of utterance. 

Pronun'ciative, a. uttering confidently. 

Proof, s. evidence ; argument ; test ; trial ; 
that which has been proved ; firmness ; a 
rough sheet of print to be corrected. 

Proof, a. impenetrable, able to resist. 

Proofless, a. wanting evidence, unproved. 

Prop, s. a support, that which holds up. 

Prop, v. to support, to sustain, to keep up. 

Prop'agable, a. that may be propagated. 

Propagand'a, [Lat.]^. things to be propagated. 

Propagan'dism, s. the propagating of tenets 
or principles. 

Propagan'dist, s. one who propagates. 

Prop'agate, v . to generate ; to increase, to 
spread abroad. 

Propagation, s. a generation, production. 

Prop'agator, s. one who propagates. 

Propel', v. to drive forward. 

Propend', v. to incline to any part or side. 

Propen'dency, s. tendency, inclination. 

Propen'se, a. inclined, disposed, prone. 

Propen'seness, s. natural tendency. 

Propen'sion, Propen'sity, s. inclination. 

Prop'er, a. one's own ; peculiar, fit, exact. 

Prop'erly, ad. fitly ; in a strict sense. 

Prop'erness, s. the quality of being proper. 

Property, s. a peculiar quality ; that which 
is one's own; possessions, an estate. 

Proph'asis, s. a foreknowledge of diseases. 

Prophecy, J. a prediction. 

Proph'esier, s. me who prophesies. 
Proph'esy, v. to predict, to foretel. 
Proph'esying, s. a foretelling ; a preaching. 
Proph'et, *. a foreteller of future events. 



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Proph'etess, s. a female prophet. 

Prophet'ic, Prophet'ical, a. foretelling. 

Prophet'ically, ad. as a prophet. 

Prophylac'tic, a. preventive, preservative. 

Prophylac'tic, s. a preventive medicine. 

Propi"tiatory, a. having the power to make 
propitious : s. the mercy-seat. 

Propina'tion, s. the act of propining. 

Propi'ne, v. to offer the cup in kindness. 

Propin'quate, v. to approach ; to draw near. 

Propin'quity, s. nearness, proximity, kindred. 

Propi"tiable, a. that may be propitiated. 

Propi"tiate, v. to conciliate ; to make atone- 
ment ; to induce to favor. 

Propitia'tion, s. an atonement for a crime. 

Propi"tiator, s. one that propitiates. 

Propi"tiatory, a. serving to propitiate. 

Propi"tious, a. favorable, kind, merciful. 

Propitiously, ad. favorably, kindly. 

Propi"tiousness, 5. favorableness. 

Pro'plasm, 5. a mould, a matrix. 

Proplas'tice, s. the art of making moulds. 

Propo'nent, s. one who makes a proposal. 

Propor'tion, s. a comparative relation of one 
thing to another ; ratio ; symmetry. 

Propor'tion, s. an equal part, ratio, size. 

Propor'tion, v. to adjust parts, to fit. 

Propor'tionable, a. adjusted, such as is fit. 

Propor'tionableness, s. the state or quality of 
being proportionable. 

Propor'tionably, ad. according to proportion. 

Propor'tional, a. having due proportion. 

Proportionality, s. the being proportional. 

Proportionally, ad. in proportion. 

Proportionate, a. adjusted to something else 
according to a certain rate, proportional. 

Proportionate, v. to adjust relatively. 

Proportionately, ad. with due proportion. 

Propor'tionateness, s. the state or quality of 
being proportionate. 

Propor'tionlcss, a. wanting proportion. 

Propo'sal, s. a proposition ; an offer. 

Propo'se, v. to offer for consideration. 

Propo'ser, s. one that proposes or offers. 

Proposition, 5. a thing proposed for consider- 
ation ; a proposal ; in logic, an affirmation 
or negation of one term about another. 

Proposi"tional, a. considered as a proposition. 

Propound', v. to propose for consideration. 

Propound'er, s. one that propounds. 

Proprietary, s. a possessor in his own right. 

Propri'etary, a. belonging to a certain owner. 

Proprietor, s. a possessor in his own right. 

Proprietress, s. a female possessor. 

Propriety, s. the state of being proper or 
fit ; suitableness ; ownership. 

Propu'gn, v. to defend, to contend for. 

Propugna'tion, s. a defence. 

Propu'gner, s. a defender, one who vindicates. 

Propulsa'tion, s. propulsion. 

Propul'sion, s. the act of driving forward. 

Propylae'um, 5. a porch, a portal. 

Prore, s. the prow or fore part of a ship. 

Prorep'tion, 5. the act of creeping on. 

Proroga'tion, s. prolongation ; a putting off 
parliament from one session to another. 

Proro'gue, v. to protract, to put off, to delay. 

Prorup'tion, s. the act of bursting forth. 

Prosa'ic, a. belonging to or like prose. 

Prosa'ist, s. a writer of prose. 

Prosce'nium, s. the fore part of a stage. 



Proscribe, v. to set down in writing for des- 
truction ; to doom to death ; to interdict. 

Proscri'ber, s. one that proscribes. 

Pro' script, s. a person proscribed. 

Proscrip'tion, s. the act of proscribing ; doom 
to destruction ; confiscation of property. 

Proscrip'tive, a. dooming to destruction. 

Prose, s. the usual way of speaking or writ- 
ing, in contradistinction to verse. 

Prose, v. to speak tediously. 

Pros'ecute, v. to follow ; to pursue by law. 

Prosecu'tion, s. a pursuit ; a criminal suit. 

Pros'ecutor, s. one who prosecutes. 

Pros'elyte, s. a convert to a new opinion. 

Pros'elyte, Pros'elytize, v. to make converts. 

Pros'elytism, s. desire to make converts. 

Prosemina'tion, s. propagation by seed. 

Pro'ser, s. a dull and tedious speaker. 

Proso'dian, s. one skilled in prosody. 

Prosod'ical, a. of or relating to prosody. 

Pros'odist, s. a prosodian. 

Pros'ody, s. that part of grammar that treats 
of the sound and quantity of syllables, and 
the measure of verse. 

Prosopopoe'ia, s. a figure in rhetoric, by 
which inanimate objects are personified ; 
personification. 

Pros'pect, s. a view as from a distance ; a 
view into futurity ; ground of expectation. 

Prospec'tion, s. the act of looking forward. 

Prospective, a. A-iewing at a distance, look- 
ing forward to the future. 

Prospectively, ad. in a prospective manner. 

Prospec'tus, s. the plan of a proposed work. 

Pros'per, v. to be successful, to thrive. 

Prosperity, s. success, good fortune. 

Pros'perous, a. successful, fortunate. 

Prosperously, ad. successfully, fortunately. 

Pros'perousness, s. prosperity. 

Prosterna'tion, .1. dejection, depression. 

Prosthesis, s. the placing of a letter or syl- 
lable to the beginning of a word. 

Pros'titute, a. vicious or corrupt for hire. 

Pros'titute, s. a public strumpet: a hireling. 

Pros'titute, v. to debase one's self for hire. 

Prostitu'tion, s. the act of prostituting. 

Pros'titutor, s. one who prostitutes. 

Pros'trate, a. laid flat along; lying at mercy. 

Pros' trate, v. to throw down ; to lie flat ; to 
cast one's self at the feet of another. 

Prostra'tion, s. the act of prostrating ; de- 
jection, depression. 

Prot'asis, s. a proposition ; maxim. 

Protat'ic, a. placed in the beginning. 

Pro'tean, a. pertaining to or like Proteus. 

Protect', v. to cover from danger, to shield. 

Protec'tion, s. a shelter, a defence. 

Protective, a. affording protection. 

Protec'tor, s. one who protects, a defender. 

Protee'torate, s. government by a protector. 

Protectorship, s. office of a protector. 

Protec'tress, s. a female who protects. 

Protend', v. to hold out, to stretch forth. 

Protest', v. to make a formal declaration ; to 
affirm solemnly. 

Prot'est, s. a solemn or formal declaration. 

Prot'estant, a. belonging to Protestants. 

Prot'estant, s. a member of the Protestant 
church or religion. 

Prot'estantism, s. the Protestant religion. 

Protestation, s. a solemn declaration, a vow. 



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Protcst'er, s. one -who protests. 

Prothon'otariship, s. the office of the princi- 
pal notary or register. 

Prothon'otary, s. a head register or notary. 

Pro'tocol, 5. the original copy of a writing. 

Protomar'tyr, s. the first martyr, St. Stephen. 

Pro'toplast, s. an original ; a model. 

Protoplas'tic, a. first formed. 

Pro'totype, s. the original of a copy. 

Protract', v. to draw out, to lengthen, to delay. 

Protract'er, s. one who protracts. 

Protrac'tion, s. a lengthening out, a delay. 

Protrac'tive, a. dilatory, delaying. 

Protrep'tical, a. hortatory, suasory. 

Protrac'tor, s. an instrument for laying down 
and measuring angles on paper. 

Protru'de, v. to thrust forward. 

Protru'sion, s. the act of thrusting forward. 

Protru'sive, a. thrusting or pushing forward. 

Protu'berance, J. a swelling, a prominence. 

Protu'berant, a. prominent, swelling. 

Protu'berate, v. to swell out or forward. 

Protubera'tion, 5. the act of swelling out. 

Protu'berous, a. protuberant. 

Proud, a. arrogant, haughty ; daring ; grand ; 
ostentatious. 

Proud'ly, ad. arrogantly, ostentatiously. 

Pro'vable, a. that may be proved. 

Pro'vably, ad. so as to be proved. 

Prove, v. to show by argument or testimony ; 
to bring to the test ; to try ; to experience. 

Proved'itor, Provcdo're, s. a purveyor. 

Prov'ender, s. food for brutes, hay, corn, &c. 

Pro'ver, s. one who shows by argument. 

Prov'erb, s. a short pithy sentence in com- 
mon use ; a saw, an adage. 

Prov'erb, v. to speak proverbially. 

Prover'bial, a. mentioned in a proverb. 

Prover'bialist, s. one who speaks in proverbs. 

Prover'bially, ad. in a proverb. 

Pro vi'de, v .to prepare ; to supply ; to stipulate. 

Provi'ded, p. supplied: ad. on condition. 

Prov'idence, s. foresight, timely care ; the 
care of God over his creatures. 

ProVident, a. foreseeing, prudent. 

Providcn'tial, a. effected by Providence. 

Providen'tially, ad. by the care or instrumen- 
tality of Providence. 

Prov'idently, ad. with wise precaution. 

Provi'der, s. one who provides or procures. 

Prov'ince, s. a conquered country ; a country 
governed by a delegate ; a region or divi- 
sion of a kingdom or state ; the proper 
office or business of any one. 

Provincial, a. relating to a province ; rude, 
unpolished : s. an inhabitant of a province ; 
an ecclesiastical governor. 

Provin'cialism, s. a provincial idiom. 

Provincial'ity, s. provincial peculiarity. 

Provi'ne, v. to propagate vines by laying a 
branch in the ground. 

Provis'ion, s. the act of providing ; the thing 
provided : pi. food, victuals ; measures 
taken ; terms settled. 

Provis'ion, v. to supply with provisions. 

Provis'ional, a. temporarily provided. 

Provisionally, ad. by way of provision. 

Provis'ionary, a. making provision. 

Provi'so, s. a stipulation, a condition. 

Provi'sor, s. a purveyor, a steward. 

Provisory, a. including a proviso. 



Provocation, s. the act of provoking or ex- 
citing anger ; a cause of anger. 

Provo'cativc, «. inciting, stimulating: j. any 
thing which stimulates the appetite. 

Provo'cativeness, s. the being provocative. 

Provo'ke, v. to challenge, to rouse, to enragb. 

Provo'ker, s. one that provokes. 

Provo'kingly, ad. so as to provoke. 

Prov'ost, s. the head of a college or corporate 
body ; the executioner of an army. 

Prov'ostship, s. the office of a provost. 

Prow, s. the head or fore part of a ship. 

Prow'ess, s. bravery, military courage. 

Prowl, v. to rove over ; to wander for prey. 

Prowl, s. a roving for prey. 

Prowl'er, s. one that roves about for prey. 

Proxi'mate, a. next, immediate. 

Proximately, ad. immediately. 

Prox'ime, a. immediate, nevt. 

Proxim'ity, s. nearness, neighbourhood. 

Prox'y, s. (procuracy) agency for another ;. a 
substitute for another. 

Prox'yship, s. office of a proxy. 

Pruce, s. Prussian leather. 

Prude, s. a woman over nice and scrupulous. 

Pru'dence, s. wisdom applied to practice. 

Pru'dent, a. practically wise, discreet. 

Pruden'tial, a. prudent, wise. 

Prudential'ity, s. the being prudential. 

Pruden'tial] y, ad. according to prudence. 

Pruden'tials, s.pl. maxims of prudence. 

Pru'dently, ad. wisely, discreetly. 

Pru'dery, s. overmuch nicety in conduct. 

Pru'dish, a. affectedly modest. 

Prune, v. to lop or cut off the superfluous 
branches of fruit trees ; to trim. 

Prune, s. a dried plum. 

Prunel'lo, s. a kind of silken stuff; a plum. 

Pru'ner, s. one that prunes trees. 

Pru'ning-hook, Pru'ning-knife, s. a hook or 
knife used in lopping trees. 
I Pru'ricncc, Pru'riency, s. an itching desire. 
j Pru'ricnt, a. having an itching or great desire. 
] Pruri"ginous, a. tending to the itch. 
| Pruri'go, [Lat.Js. the itch. 
| Prus'sian, a. pertaining to Prussia. 

Prus'sian, s. a native of Prussia. 

Prus'sic-acid, s. an acid which is the coloring 
matter of Prussian blue, and one of the 
strongest poisons known. 

Pry, v. to inspect closely and officiously ; to 
peep impertinently: s. impertinent peep- 
ing or curiosity. 

Pry'ingly, ad. with impertinent curiosity. 

Psalm, s. a holy song, a sacred hymn. 

Psalm'ist, s. a writer of psalms. 

Psalmod'ical, Psalmod'ic, a. relating to 
psalmody. 

Psalm'odist, s. one who sings holy songs. 

Psalm'ody, s. a singing of psalms. 

Psahr.og'raphcr, s. a writer of psalms. 

Psal'tcr, s. the book of psalms. 

Psal'tcry, 5. a kind of harp for psalms. 

Pseu'do, a. false, counterfeit, pretended. 

Pseudo-apos'tlc, s. a false apostlo. 

Pseu'dograph, Pseudog'raphy, s. false writ- 
ing ; a counterfeit hand. 

Pseudol'ogy, .?. false speaking, lying. 

Pseudo-metal'lic (lustre), s. the lustre per- 
ceptible only when held towards the light. 

Pseudon'yinous, a. having a fictitious name. 



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Pseudo-philos'ophy, J. false philosophy. 
Pseudo-tin'ea, s. an insect like a moth. 
Pseudo-volca'no, s. a volcano that emits smoke 

and sometimes flame, but never lava. 
Pshaw ! int. expressing contempt, &c. 
Psitta'ceous, a. of the parrot-kind. 
Psycholo"gic, Psycholo"gical, a. relating to 

the doctrine or study of the soul. 
Psycleol'ogy, s. the doctrine of the soul, as 

distinct from the body. 
Ptar'migan, s. a bird ; the white grouse. 
Ptis'an, s. a cooling medical drink made of 

pearl barley, decocted with raisins, &c. 
Ptolema'ic, a. belonging to the system of 

Ptolemy, the astronomer ; in which the 

earth is supposed to be fixed in the centre 

of the universe. 
Pu'berty, s. ripeness of age. 
Pubes'ccncc, s. the state of puberty. 
Pubes'cent, a. arriving at puberty. 
Pub'lic, a. belonging to a state or nation ; 

not private, common, notorious. 
Pub'lic, s. the body of a nation ; the people, j 
Pub'lican, s. the keeper of a publie-house or I 

inn ; formerly, a tax collector. 
Publica'tion, 5. the act of publishing; a 

work printed and published. 
Pu'b'licist, s. a writer on the laws of nature 

and nations. 
Publicity, 5. state of being public. 
Pub'licly, ad. openly, in full view. 
Public-spir'ited, a. disposed to promote the 

public good. 
Publie-spir'itedness, s. a disposition to ad- ' 

vance the public good. 
Pub'lish, v. to make known, to set forth. 
Publisher, s. one who gives publicity to any j 

thing ; one who publishes a book. 
Puce, a. of a dark purple color. 
Pu'celage, s. state of virginity. 
Pu'coron, s. a kind of wood louse. 
Puck, s. a supposed sprite or fairy noted for 

mischievous pranks. 
Puck'ball, s. a fungous plant full of dust. 
Puck'er, s. any thing gathered into a fold. j 
Puck'er, v. to gather into plaits or folds. 
Pud'der, s. a noise, a bustle, a tumult. 
Pud'der, v. to make a bustle or tumult. 
Pud'ding, s. an intestine stuffed with edible j 

ingredients ; a kind of food variously ] 

compounded. 
Piid'ding-bag, Pud'ding-cloth, s. the bag or 

cloth in which a pudding is boiled. 
Pud'ding-pio, s. a pudding with meat baked. 
Pud'ding-sleeve, 5. a full sleevo like that of 

a full-dress clerical gown. 
Pnd'ding-stone, s. conglomerate sandstone. 
Pud'ding-time, s. the time of dinner. 
Pud'dle, s. a small dirty lake, a dirty plash. 
Pud'dle, v. to make muddy. 
Pud'dly, a. muddy, dirty, miry. 
Pu'dcney, s. sharnefacedness, modesty. 
Pudi"city, s. modesty, chastity. 
Pu'crilc, a. childish, boyish, trifling. 
Pueril'ity, s. childishness, boyishness. 
Puer'peral, a. relating to childbirth. 
Puer'perous, a. bearing children ; lying in. 
Puff, s. a small blast or breath of wind ; a 

fungous ball filled with dust ; a powdering 

puff; undeserved and inflated praise : any- 
thing light or porous. 



Puff, v. to swell with wind, to inflate ; to 
breathe thick andhard ; to praise with ex- 
aggeration. 

Puff-ball, s. a fungus full of dust. 

Puff'er, s. one that puffs; a boaster. 

Puff'in, s. a water-fowl ; a fish. 

Puff'iness, s. the quality of being turgid. 

Puff'ingly, ad. tumidly, with swell. 

Puff'y, a. windy, tumid, turgid. 

Pug, s. a small Dutch deg ; a monkey. 

Pugh ! int. expressing contempt. 

Pu'gil, s. a large pinch ; a small quantity. 

Pu'gil ism, s. practice of fighting with the lists 

Pu'gilist, s. a fighter, a boxer. 

Pugilis'tic, a. relating to prize-fighting. 

Pugna'cious, a. inclined to fight. 

Pugna"city, s. inclination to fight. 

Pu'isne, a. younger, junior, inferior, puny. 

Pu'issance, s. power, force, might. 

Pu'issant, a. powerful, mighty, forcible. 

Pu'issantly, ad. powerfully, forcibly. 

Puke, s. a vomit ; an emetic: v. to vomit. 

Puke. See Puce. 

Pul'chritudc, s. beauty, grace, comeliness. 

Pule, v. to whine, to cry, to whimper. 

Pu'licose, Pu'licous, a. abounding with fleas. 

Pu'ling, s. a cry as of a chicken; a whining. 

Pu'lingly, ad. with whining. 

Pulk'ha, s. a Laplander's travelling-sledge. 

Pull, s. the act of pulling, a pluck. 

Pull, v. to draw violently, to pluck, to tear. 

Pul'let, s. a young hen. 

Pul'ley, j. a small wheel for a running cord. 

Pul'lulate, v. to germinate, to bud. 

Pullula'tion, s. the act of budding. 

Pul'monary, a. pertaining to the lungs. 

Pul'monary, s. the plant Jung-wort. 

Pulmonic, a. pertaining to the lungs : s. a 
medicine for diseases of the lungs. 

Pulp, s. the soft part of fruit ; any soft mass. 

Pul'pit, s. an elevated place to speak from. 

Pulp'y, Pulp'ous, a. soft, full of pulp. 

Pul'satile, a. that may be beaten or acted 
upon by pulsation, as a drum. 

Pulsa'tion, 5. the act of beating or striking; 
also, the beating of the pulse. 

Puls'ative, a. beating, throbbing. 

Pul'satory, a. beating like the pulse. 

Pulse, s. the motion of an artery as the 
blood is driven through it; a throb; a vi- 
bration : v. to beat as the pulse. 

Pulse, s. leguminous plants, as neasand beans, 

Pulsif'ic, a. moving or exciting the pulse. 

Pul'sion, s. the act of driving forward. 

Pulta'coous, a. macerated. 

Pul'verable, a. that may be reduced to dust. 

PuFverate, v. to beat into powder. 

Pul'verin, s. ashes of barilla. 

Pulveriza'tion, s. the act of pulverizing. 

Pul'verize, v. to reduce to powder or dust. 

Pul'verous, a. consisting of dust or powder. 

Pulver'ulence, s. dustiness; abundance of 
dust or powder. 

Pulver'ulcnt, a. dusty, reduced to powder. 

Pul'vil, s. a sweet-scenfed powder. 

Pul'vil, v. to sprinkle with pulvil. 

Pu'ma, s. a rapacious quadruped of America. 

Pu'micate, v. to smoothe with pumice. 

Pu'mice, s. a spongy or porous stone, fre- 
quently ejected from volcanoes. 

Pumi"ceous, a. like pumice. 



PUM 



230 



PUR 



Pump, s. an engine for raising water. 

Pump, v. to work a pump ; to draw out of. 

Pump, s. a thin-soled shoe. 

Pump'er, s. one who or that which pumps. 

Pum'pion, Pump'kin, s. a plant and its fruit. 

Pun, s. an equivocation, a quibble. 

Pun, v. to quibble, to play upon words. 

Punch, s. the Punchinello or buffoon of the 
puppet-show ; a short fat fellow. 

Punch, s. a mixed liquor. 

Punch, s. an instrument for making holes ; 
a blow : v. to perforate with a punch ; to 
hit or strike. 

Punch-bowl, s. a bowl to make punch in. 

Pun'cheon, s. a sort of puncher ; a large cask ; 
a cask of 84 gallons. 

Punch'er, s. an instrument to make holes. 

Punchinello, s. a buffoon. See Punch. 

Punch'y, a. short, thick, and fat. 

Punc'tated, a. drawn to a point. 

Punc'tiform, a. having the form of a point. 

Punctil'io, s. a nice point in behaviour. 

Punctilious, a. exact to a nicety ; formal. 

Punctiliously, ad. with great nicety. 

Punctil'iousness, s. exactness of behaviour. 

Punc'to, s. a point of form or ceremony ; a 
term in fencing. 

Punc'tual, a. exact, scrupulously accurate. 

Pun dualist, 5. one who is very exact. 

Punctuality, s- scrupulous exactness. 

Punctually, ad. exactly, scrupulously. 

Punc'tualness, s. punctuality. 

Punc'tuate, v. to distinguish by points. 

Punctua'tion,*. the act or method of pointing. 

Punc'tuist, s. one skilled in punctuation. 

Punc'tulate, v. to mark with small spots. 

Punc'ture, s. a hole made with a sharp point. 

Punc'ture, v. to make punctures. 

Pun'dit, s. a learned Bramin. 

Pun'gency, s. power or quality of being pun- 
gent; sharpness; acidness. 

Pun'gent, a. sharp, biting, acrimonious. 

Pun'gently, ad. sharply; acrimoniously. 

Pu'nic, a. pertaining to ancient Carthage ; | 
faithless, treacherous : s. the language of | 
ancient Carthage. 

Puni"ceous, a. purple. 

Pu'niness, s. the state of being puny. 

Punish, v. to chastise, to correct, to afflict. 

Pun'ishable, a. worthy of punishment. 

Pun'ishableness, s. the quality of deserving 
punishment. 

Punlsher, s. one who inflicts punishment. 

Punishment, s. the pain or penalty inflicted 
for a crime ; chastisement. 

Puni"tion, s. the act of punishing ; punish- 
ment, chastisement. 

Pu'nitive, a. awarding or inflicting punish- 
ment, that punishes. 

Pu'nitory, a. punishing ; tending to punish. 

Punk, s. a strumpet, a prostitute. 

Pun'ning, s. the art of playing on words. 

Pun'ner, Pun'ster, s. one who is fond of puns. 

Punt, 5. a small flat-bottomed boat. 

Punt, v. to play at basset or ombre. 

Pun'tcr, s. one that plays in basset. 

Pu'ny, a. young ; petty ; inferior ; weakly. 

Pup, s . a puppy : v. to bring forth pups. 

Pu'pa, s. in natural history, the chrysalis. 

Pu'pil, s. the apple of the eye. 

Pu'pil, s. a young person under tuition. 



Pu'pilage, s. the state of being a pupil ; 
wardship, minority. 

Pupilar'ity, s. nonage ; state of a pupil. 

Pu'pilary, a. pertaining to a pupil. 

Pup'pet, s. a little image moved by a wire in 
a show ; a doll ; a word of contempt. 

Pup'petman, 5. the master of a puppetshow. 

Pup'petshow, s. a mock drama performed by 
puppets moved by wires. 

Pup'py, s. a whelp ; a saucy conceited fellow. 

Pup'pyism, s. extreme affectation ; foppery. 

Pur, s. the gentle noise made by a cat whes 
pleased : v. to murmur gently as a cat. 

Pur'blind, a. short-sighted, near-sighted. 

Pur'blindness, S. shortness of sight. 

Purchasable, a. that may be purchased. 

Pur'chase, s. any thing bought for a price. 

Pur'chase, v. to buy ; to acquire. 

Pur'chase-money, s. money laid out in the 
purchase of any thing. 

Pur'chaser, s. one who makes a purchase. 

Pure, a. clear ; unmixed ; chaste, unpollut- 
ed ; leal, genuine. 

Pu'rely, ad. in a pure manner. 

Pu'reness, s. state of being pure. 

Pur'fie, Pur'iile, s. an old-fashioned border 
or trimming for women's gowns, made of 
tinsel and thread. 

Pur'fie, v. to decorate with purfle. 

Purga'tion, s. the act of cleansing. 

Purgato'rial, a. relating to purgatory. 

Pur'gative, a. having the power of purging. 

Pur'gative, s. a cathartic medicine. 

Pur'gatorian, a. relating to purgatory. 

Pur'gatory, a. cleansing ; expiatory. 

Purgatory, s. a place in which Roman Ca- 
tholics think that souls are purged from 
impurities before their admission into 
heaven. 

Purge, v. to make pure, to cleanse ; to evac- 
uate by cathartics. 

Purge, s. a cathartic medicine. 

Pur'ger, s. he who or that which purges. 

Purging, s. a cleansing, a looseness. 

Purinea'tion, s. the act of purifying. 

Purif 'icative, Purificatory, a. having power 
or tendency to make pure. 

Pu'rifier, s. a cleanser, a refiner. 

Pu'rify, v. to make pure, to cleanse. 

Pu'rifying, s. the act of cleansing. 

Pu'rism, s. the practice or affectation of 
rigid purity in morals or conduct. 

Pu'rist, s. one over nice in the use of words. 

Pu'ritan, s. one of a sect who professed great 
purity in religion : a. of or belonging to 
the Puritans. 

Puritanic, Puritanical, a. relating to tho 
Puritans ; precise, demure. 

Puritanically, ad. in a Puritanic manner. 

Pu'ritanism, s. the doctrine of the Puritans. 

Pu'ritanize, v. to affect Puritanism. 

Pu'rity, s. cleanness, chastity, innocence. 

Purl, s. a kind of lace or edging. 

Purl, v. to decorate with purl. 

Purl, s. a malt liquor in which wormwood 
and aromaties are infused. 

Purl, v. to flow with a gentle noise. 

Pur'lieu, s. a border, an outskirt ; a district. 

Purling, s. the gentle murmur of a stream. 

Purloin', v. to steal, to pilfer, to filch. 

Purloin'er, j. one who purloins. 



PUR 



231 



PYX 



Purloin'ing, s. theft, embezzlement. 

Pur'ple, a. red tinctured with blue. 

Pur'ple, s. the purple color; that which dis- 
tinguished the Roman emperors; hence, 
imperial sovereignty. 

Pur'ple, v. to color with purple. 

Pur'ples, s.pl. purple spots in fever. 

Pur'plish, s. somewhat purple, like purple. 

Pur'port, s. a design, tendency, meaning. 

Pur 'port, v. to tend, to show, to mean. 

Pur'pose, s. intention, design, end, effect. 

Pur'pose, v. to design, to intend, to resolve. 

Pur'poseless, a. having no purpose. 

Pur'posely, ad. by design, by intention. 

Pu/prise, s. a close or enclosure ; the whole 
compass of a manor. 

Purse, s. a small bag to contain money. 

Purse, v. to contract as a purse. 

Purse'net, s. a net of a purselike form. 

Purse'pride, s.the insolence of a purse-proud 
person ; vulgar ostentation. 

Purse'proud, a. puffed up with money. 

Pur'ser, s. originally the paymaster of a ship, 
now the purveyor. 

Pur'siness, s. state of being pursy. 

Pur'slain, s. a kind of plant. 

Pursu'able, a. that may be pursued. 

Pursu'ance, s. process, prosecution. 

Pursu'ant, a. done in consequence or prose- 
cution of any thing ; conformable. 

Pursu'e, v. to chase, to follow, to prosecute. 

Pursu'er, 5. one who follows in hostility. 

Pursuit', s. the act of following ; a chase. 

Pur'suivant, s. an attendant on heralds. 

Pur'sy, a. fat and short-breathed. 

Pur'tenance, s. that which pertains to some- 
thing ; the pluck of an animal. 

Pu'rulence, Pu'rulency, s. generation of pus 
or corrupt matter. 

Pu'rulcnt, a. full of corvupt matter or pus. 

Purvey', v. to buy in provisions ; to provide. 

Purvey'ance, s. procurement of victuals. 

Purvey'or, s. one who purveys. 

Pni'view, s. a proviso, a providing clause. 

Pus, s. corrupt matter generated in a sore. 

Push, v. to push forward, to thrust, to urge. 

Push, s. a thrust, an impulse, an assault, an 
attack ; an emergency. 

Push'er, s. one that pushes. 

Push'irig, a. enterprising, forward. 

Push'pin, *. a child's play with pins. 

Pusillanim'ity, s. cowardice, timidity. 

Pusillan'imous, «.havingno spirit or courage. 

Pusillan'imously, ad. with pusillanimity. 

Pusillan'imousness, J. meanness of spirit. 

Puss, s. a name for a hare or cat. 

Pus'tular, a. covered with pustules. 

Pus'tulate, v. to form into pustules. 

Pus'tule, s. a little pimple or wheal. 

Pus'tulous, a. full of pustules, piruply. 

Put, v. to lay, to place ; to propose ; to ap- 
ply ; to regulate. 

Put, s. a game at cards. 

Pu'tativc, a. supposed, reputed. 

Pu'tid, a. mean, low, worthless. 

Pu'tidnoss, s. meanness, vileness. 

Put-off. s. an excuse, a shift. 

Putred'inous, a. stinking, rotten. 

Putrefac'tion, 5. state of growing rotten. 

Putrefac'tivo, a. tending to putrefaction. 

Putrefy, v. to rot, to make rotten. 



Putres'cence, s. the state of rotting. 
Putrescent, a. growing rotten. 
Putres'cible, a. that may putrefy. 
Pu'trid, a. rotten, corrupt. 
Putrid'ity, Pu'tridness, s. rottenness. 
Put'ter, s. one who puts or places. 
Put'tingstone, s. a stone to be thrown by 

hand as a trial of strength. 
Put'tock, s. a bird, the buzzard. 
Put'ty, s. a cement used by glaziers. 
Put'ty, v. to lay on putty. 
Puz'zle, 5. embarrassment, perplexity ; a toy 

to try ingenuity. 
Puz'zle, v. to embarrass, to perplex. 
Puz'zle-headed, a. having the head bewil- 
dered or confused. 
Puz'zler, s. one that puzzles. 
Puz'zolane, s. volcanic ashes or earth. 
Pye. See Pie. 
Py'garg, s. a kind of eagle. 
Pygme'an, a. like a pygmy, dwarfish. 
Pyg'my, s. a dwarf; one of a nation fabled 

to be no bigger than one's fist. 
Pylor'ic, a. pertaining to the pylorus. 
Pylo'rus, s. the lower orifice of the stomach. 
Pyr'amid, s. a solid figure standing on a 

triangular, square, or polygonal base, and 

terminating in a point at the top. 
Pyram'idal, Pyramid'ic, Pyramid'ical, a. in 

the form of a pyramid. 
Pyramid'ical ly, ad. in form of a pyramid. 
Pyram'idoid, s. like a pyramid. 
Pyre, s. a pile on which the dead are burned. 
Pyret'ics, s.pl. medicines for fevers. 
Pyr'ite, or Pyri'tes, s. the firestone. 
Pyrit'ic, Pyrit'ical, a containing pyrites. 
Pyrob'oli, s.pl. the fireballs of the ancients. 
Pyrol'atry, s. worship of fire. 
Pyrolig'neous, Pyrolig'nic, Pyrolig'nous, s. 

an acid obtained by the distil lation of wood. 
Pyrol'ogy, s. a treatise on heat. 
Pyr'omancy, j. a divination by fire. 
Pyroman'tic, a. pertaining to pyromancy : 

s. one who pretends to divine by fire. 
Pyrom'eter, s. an instrument to measure tho 

expansion of bodies by heat. 
Pyro'sis, 5. a morbid redness of the face. 
Pyrotech'nic, Pyrotech'nical, a. relating or 

pertaining to fireworks. 
Pyrotech'nics, s. the art of making fireworks. 
Pyrotech'nist, s. one who understands the 

art of pyrotechny. 
Pyr'otechny, s. the art of making fireworks. 
Pyrot'ic, a. causing burning, caustic. 
Pyrot'ics, s. pi. in medicine, caustics. 
Pyr'rhic, s. a poetic foot of two short sylla- 
bles ; an ancient military dance, invented 

by Pyrrhus. 
Pyrrhon'ic, a. pertaining to Pyrrhonism. 
Pyr'rhonism, s. the doctrine of Pyrrho, 

scepticism, universal doubt. 
Pyr'rhonist. s. one who doubts every thing. 
Pythagore'an, a. relating to the doctrines of 

Pythagoras. 
Pythagorean, s. a follower of Pythagoras. 
Pythag'orism, s. the doctrines of Pythagoras. 
Py'thoness, s. a sorceress, a witch ; tho 

priestess of Apollo. 
Python'ic, a. pretending to prophesy. 
Pyx. See Pix. 
Pyx'is, s. the cavity of the hip-bone. 



QUA 



Q. 



232 



QUA 



Quab, s. a sort of fish. 

Quack, v. to cry like a duck ; to talk like a 
quack or mountebank. 

Quack, s. a mountebank ; one who prctend3 
to skill which he does not possess, parti- 
cularly in medicine. 

Quack, a. falsely pretending to cure diseases. 

Quack'ery, s. the practice of quacks in me- 
dicine, or in any other art or science. 

Quack'ish, a. boasting like a quack. 

Quack'ism, s. the practice of quackery. 

Quadrages'ima, J. the time of Lent. 

Quadragcs'imal, a. pertaining to Lent. 

Quad'rangle, s. a figure that has four right 
angles ; a square. 

Quadran'gular, a. having four right angles. 

Quad'iant, s. the fourth part; the quarter of 
a circle ; an instrument for taking altitudes. 

Quadran'tal, a. pertaining to a quadrant. 

Quadran'tal, s. the amphora, a water-vessel. 

Quad'rate, s. a square, a quartile. 

Quad'rate, v. to suit, to correspond. 

Quad'rate, a. having four equal sides. 

Quadratic, a. pertaining to a square. A 
quadratic equation is an algebraic equa- 
tion having on the unknown side the square 
of the number sought. 

Quad'ratrix, s. a kind of line in geometry. 

Quadrature, s. the act of squaring ; the first 
and last quarter of the moon. 

Quad'rel, s. a square stone artificially made 
of chalky earth. 

Quadren'nial. a. comprising four years. 

Quadren'nially, ad. once in four years. 

Quad'rible, a. that may be squared. 

^uadrilat'eral, a. having four sides. 

Quadrill'e, s. a dance ; a game at cards. 

Quadrip'artite, a. divided into four parts. 

Quaclrirc'mc, s. a galley with four tiers or 
banks of oars. 

Quadrisyllable, s. a word of four syllables. 

Quadriv'ial, a. having four ways meeting at 
one and the same point. 

Quadroon', s. (a quarler-b]oodc& person) ap- 
plied in America to the offspring of a 
mulatto woman by a white man. 

Quadru'manous, a. having four hands. 

Quad'ruped, a. having four feet. 

Quad'ruped, s. a four-footed animal. 

Quad'ruple, a. fourfold, four times told. 

Quadruple, v. to make four times as much. 

Quadriplicate, a. four-fold. 

Quadruplica'tion, s. the taking or adding a 
thing four times. 

Quad'ruply, ad. in a four-fold proportion. 

Quse're, [Lat.] v. inquire ; a word put when 
any thing is recommended to inquiry. 

Quaff, v. to drink largely or luxuriously. 

Quaf'fer, s. one that quaffs. 

Quag'gy, a. boggy, shaking under the feet. 

Quag'niire, s. a shaking marsh, a bog. 

Quail, s. a bird of game. 

Quail, v. to sink in spirit, to be dejected; to 
sink, to quell, to subdue. 

Quail'ing, 5. act of failing in resolution. 

Quail'pipe, s. a pipe to allure quails with. 

Quaint, a. nice, trim, superfluously exact. 

Quaint'ly. ad. in a quaint manner. 

Quaint'ness, s. the quality of being quain<. 



Quake, z/.to shake with cold or fear. 

Quake, s. a shudder, a tremulous agitation. 

Qua'kcr, s. one of the Society of Friends. 

Qua'kerism, s. the tenets of the Quakers. 

Qua'kerly, a. resembling Quakers. 

Qua'king, s. a shaking ; trepidation. 

Qual'ifiable, a. that may be qualified. 

Qualification, s. that which qualifies; an 
accomplishment; an endowment ; modifi- 
cation, abatement. 

Qual'ifier, s. that which qualifies. 

Qual'ify, v. to make fit; to soften, to modify. 

Qual'ity, s. the nature of a thing relatively 
considered ; disposition, character, rank ; 
persons of high rank collectively; a pro- 
perty of a thing ; a qualification. 

Qualm, s. a sudden fit of sickly languor ; 
a sudden touch of conscience. 

Qualm'ish, a. seized with sickly languor. 

Qualm'ishness, s. state of being qualmish. 

Quanda'ry, s. a doubt, a difficulty. 

Quantitative, Quan'titive, a. estimable ac- 
cording to quantity. 

Quantity, s. bulk ; weight ; portion ; mea- 
sure of time in pronouncing syllables. 

Quan'tum, s. the quantity, the amount. 

Quarantine, s. the space of 40 days ; tho 
time during which a ship suspected of in- 
fection is obliged to forbear intercourse or 
commerce. 

Quar'rel, s. an angry dispute, a brawl. 

Quar'rel, v. to brawl, to scuffle, to fight, to 
find fault. 

Quar'reller, s. one who quarrels. 

Quar'rclling, s. dispute ; disagreement. 

Quar'rcllous, a. easily provoked to anger. 

Quar'rclsomc, a. disposed to quarrel. 

Quar'relsomely, ad. in a quarrelsome manner. 

Quar'relsomeness, s. the being quarrelsome. 

Quar'ry, s. an arrow with a square head. 

Quar'ry, s. game pursued or killed ; prey. 

Quar'ry, s. a stone mine or pit. 

Quar'ry, v. to dig stones out of a quarry. 

Quar'ry-man, s. one who digs in a quarry. 

Quart, s. the fourth part of a gallon. 

Quar'tan, a. occurring every fourth day. 

Quar'tan-aguc, ?. an ague in which the fit 
returns every fourth day. 

Quarta'tion, s. an operation by which the 
quantity of one thing is made equal to the 
fourth part of another. 

Quar'ter, s. a fourth part ; a division into 
four parts ; a division generally; a region ; 
a station ; a measure of eight bushels ; 
mercy granted by a conqueror. 

Quar'ter, v. to divide into four parts ; to 
station or lodge soldiers ; to bear as an 
appendage to the hereditary arms. 

Quar'terage, s. a quarterly allowance. 

Quar'ter-day, s. one of the four days in the 
year on which quarterly payments are 
made. 

Quarterdeck, s. the after part of the deck. 

Quar'tering, s. a partition of a shield con- 
taining many coats of arms. 

Quar'terly, ad. once in a quarter of a year. 

Quarterly, a. consisting of a fourth. 

Quar'termaster, s. an officer who regulates 
the quarters for soldiers. 

Quartern, s. the fourth part of a pint. 

Quarters, i'.the station appointed for soldiers. 



QUA 



233 



QUI 



Quarter-ses'sions, s. a court of law held every 
quarter of a year. 

Quar'terstaff, s. an ancient staff of defence. 

Quar'tile, s. an aspect of the planets, when 
they are three signs or ninety degrees dis- 
tant from each other. 

Quar'to, s. a book of which every leaf is a 
quarter of a sheet. 

Quartz, s. a siliceous mineral. 

Quash, v. to crush, to squeeze ; to annul. 

Quash, s. a soft species of pompion. 

Quassa'tion, s. the act of shaking. 

Quas'sia, s. a medicinal bitter. 

Quarter-cousins, s. pi. those within the first 
four degrees of kindred. 

Quaternary, a. consisting of four. 

Quator'ze, s. a term at piquet. 

Quat'rain, s. four lines rhyming alternately. 

Quat'rinc, a. consisting of four parts. 

Qua'vcr, v. to shake the voice ; to vibrate. 

Qua'ver, s. shake of the voice, or of a sound 
from an instrument ; a musical note. 

Qua'verer, s. one that quavers, a warbler. 

Qua'vering, s. the act of shaking the voice, 
or of producing a shake on an instrument. 

Quay, s. a key for landing goods. 

Quean, s. a wench, a worthless woman. 

Quea'siness, s. nausea, qualmishness. 

Quea'.sy, s. sick, squeamish, fastidious. 

Queen, s. a female sovereign. 

Queen, v. to play the queen. 

Queen-do w'ager, s. the widow of a king. 

Queen'-like, a. resembling a queen. 

Queen'ly, a. becoming a queen. 

Queer, a. odd, strange; awkward; original. 

Queer'ly, ad. oddly, strangely, particularly. 

Queer'ncss, s. oddness, particularity. 

Queest, s. a kind of wild pigeon. 

Quell, v. to crush ; to subdue; to quiet, to 
allay, to abate. 

Queli'er, s. one that subdues. 

Quelqucchose, [Fr.]s. a trifle; a kickshaw. 

Quench, v. to extinguish, to stifle, to allay. 

Quench/able, a. that may be quenched. 

Quench'er, s. that which quenches. 

Quench'lcss, a. that cannot be quenched. 

Que'rcnt, s. a complainant ; an inquirer. 

Querimo'nious, a. querulous ; complaining. 

Querirno'niously, ad. querulously. 

Querimo'niousness, s. disposition to complain. 

Quc'rist, s. one who asks questions. 

Quern, s. a hand-mill for grinding grain. 

Quer'po. See Cucrpo. 

Quer'ulous, a. habitually complaining. 

Quer'ulously, ad. in a complaining manner. 

Qucr'ulousncss, s. the habit of complaining. 

Que'ry, v. to question , to express doubts ; 
to mark with a query ( ? or Qr.) 

Que'ry, s. an inquiry, a question. 

Quest, s. the act of seeking ; search ; an in- 
quest or jury sworn to inquire. 

Quest, v. to search for, to seek. 

Ques'tion, s. the act of asking ; that which is 
asked ; an interrogatory ; something re- 
quiring examination ; a doubt; a dispute : 
v. to ask questions ; to inquire ; to doubt 
or be suspicious. 

Questionable, a. doubtful, suspicious. 

Ques'tionableness, s. the being questionable. 

Ques'tionary, a. questioning, inquiring. 

Quea'tioner, s. an inquirer, a querist. 



Ques'tionist, s. a questioner, an inquirer. 
Ques'tionless, ad. without doubt, certainly. 
Quest'man, s. one legally empowered to make 

quest in certain matters ; a churchwarden. 
Quest'monger, s. one who delights in judicial 

quests; a starter of lawsuits. 
Qucs'tor, a\ a Roman public treasurer. 
Ques'torship, s. office of a questor. 
Qucs'tuary, a. seeking or studious of profit. 
Ques'tuary, s. one who collects profits. 
Queue, s. hair twisted and worn as a tail. 
Quib'ble, v. to pun ; to equivocate. 
Quib'blc, s. slight cavil ; a pun. 
Quib'bler, s. one who quibbles. 
Quick, a. living; active, speedy; pregnant. 
Quick, s. living flesh ; living plants. 
Quick, ad. Sec Quickly. 
Quick'en, v. to make or become alive ; to 

hasten ; to excite. 
Quick'encr, s. one who or that which quickens. 
Quiek'-eyed, a. having sharp sight. 
Quick'lime, s. lime unquenched. 
Quick'ly, ad. speedily, nimbly, actively. 
Quick'-match,^. a match used in the artillery. 
Quick'ness, s. speed, activity, sharpness. 
Quick'sand, s. a shifting or shaking sand. 
Quickscent'ed, a. having acute smell. 
Quick'set, s. a living plant set to grow. 
Quicksi'ghted, a. having sharp sight. 
Quicksi'ghtedness, s. sharpness of sight. 
Quick'silver, s. (living or moving silver or) 

mercury in its native state. 
Quick'silvered, a. overlaid with quicksilver. 
Quick'witted, a. having ready wit. 
Quid, s. a cud or something chewed ; as, a' 

quid of tobacco. 
Quid'dany, 5. a kind of marmalade. 
Quid'dit, s. a subtlety, an equivocation. 
Quid'dity, s. essence ; a quirk, a cavil. 
Quid'nunc, s. a news gossiper (one who is 

always asking what noiv, or what news.) 
Quies'cenoe, Qaies'cency, s. repose, rest. 
Quies'cent, a. resting, lying at repose. 
Qui'et, a. still, tranquil, peaceful ; smooth. 
Qui'et, s. rest, repose, tranquillity. 
Qui'et, v. to calm, to still, to pacify. 
Qui'eter, s. he who, or that which quiets. 
Qui'etism, .s. the doctrine of the Quietists ; 

tranquillity of mind. 
Qui'etist, j. one who holds that religion con- 
sists in the rest and quiet of the mind. 
Qui'etly, ad. calmly, peaceably, at rest. 
Qui'etness, s. tranquillity, stillness. 
Qui'etude, 5. tranquillity, rest, repose. 
Quie'tus, s. rest; final discharge, death. 
Quill, s. a strong feather of the wing. 
Quill, v. to form in plaits like quills. 
Quil'let. See Quodlibet. 
Quilt, s. the cover of a bed. 
Quilt, v. to stitch one cloth upon another, 

with something soft between them. 
Quilt'ing, s. the act of forming a quilt. 
Qui'nary, a. consisting of five. 
Qui'nate (leaf), s. a sort of digitated leaf. 
Quince, s. a tree and its fruit. 
Quincun'cial, a. formed like a quincunx. 
Quin'cunx, s. a form of plantation in which 

five trees are disposed in a square, one at 

each corner and one in the middle, and 

this repeated, forms a regular grove with 

alleys. 



QUI 



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Qui'nine, x, a powerfully tonic medicine from 
yellow bark. 

Quinquages'ima, s. Shrove-Sunday (five 
times ten or fifty days before Easter.) 

Quinquen'nial, a. lasting five years ; hap- 
pening once in five years. 

Quinqui'na, s. Peruvian or Jesuit's bark. 

Quin'sy, s. a disease in the throat. 

Quint, s. set or sequence of five. 

Quin'tain, Quin'tin, s. an upright post with 
a turning top, used in tilting. 

Quin'tal, s. a hundred pounds in weight. 

Quintes'sence, s. in alehymy, the fifth and 
last, or highest essence ; the essential part 
of any thing. 

Quint'ile, s. the aspect of planets when dis- 
tant from each other the fifth of a circle. 

Quin'tuple, a. five-fold, five times told. 

Quip, s. a sharp jest, a scoff: v. to rally, to 
taunt, to scoff. 

Quire, s. twenty-four sheets of paper. 

Quire, s. a body of church singers ; a choir. 

Quire, v. to sing in a choir. 

Quir'ister, s. a chorister ; a singer in conceit. 

Quirk, s. a sharp turn of wit, a quibble, a 
slight conceit ; a loose light tune. 

Quirk'ish, a. full of quirks or turns. 

Quit, a. free ; clear ; absolved; even with. 

Quit, v. to leave ; to forsake ; to discharge, 
to requite. 

Quite, ad. completely, perfectly. 

Quit'-rent, s. a small reserved rent. 

Quits, ad. even in bets, upon equal terms. 

Quit'tal, s. return : repayment. 

Quit'tance, s. a discharge, a recompense. 

QuiVer, v. to shake, to tremble. 

Quiv'er, s. a cover or case for arrows. 

Quiv'ered, a. furnished with a quiver. 

Quiv'ering, j. a shaking, a trembling. 

Qui.-;ot'ic, a. wild, absurd, extravagant. 

Quix'otism, s. romantic and absurd notions 
or actions (like those of Don Quixote.) 

Quiz, s. a puzzling jest or piece of waggery ; 
an odd or queer fellow. 

Quiz, v. to puzzle, to jest, to mock with a 
grave face. 

Quiz'zing-glass, s. an eye-glass. 

Quod'libct, s. a subtilty, a nice point. 

Quodlibeta'rian, s. one who talks or disputes 
on any subject. 

Quoif. See Coif. 

Quoin. See Coin. 

Quoit, s. an iron to pitch at a mark. 

Quoit, v. to throw quoits ; to pitch or throw. 

Quon'dam, a. having been formerly. 

Quor'um, s. a bench of justices; such a 
number of members of a bench or commis- 
sion as is competent to transact business. 

Quo'ta, s. a share, proportion, rate. 

Quo'table, a. that may be quoted. 

Quotation, s. the act of quoting ; a passage 
quoted or cited. 

Quote, v. to cite a passage from an author or 
speaker ; to note. 

Quo'ter, s. one who quotes. 

Quoth, v. say, says, or said : it is joined only 
to the 1st and 2nd persons. 

Quotid'ian, s. an ague or a fever which re- 
turns every day. 

Quo'tient, s. the number resulting from the 
division of one number by another 



Raba'te, v. to recover a hawk to the fist. 

Raba'to, s. a kind of ruff or neckband. 

Rab'bet, s. a joint in carpentry, a groove. 

Rab'het, v. to pare down the edges of boards 
so as to make them fit each other. 

Rab'bi, Rab'bin, s. a Jewish doctor. 

Rabbin'ical, a. pertaining to the Rabbins. 

Rab'bit, 5. a small well-known quadruped. 

Rab'bit-warren, s. an enclosure for rabbits. 

Rab'ble, s. a mob, the populace. 

Rab'blement, s. the rabble. 

Rab'id, a. mad, raging, furious. 

Rab'idness, s. madness, furiousness. 

Rab'inet, s. a piece of small ordnance. 

Race, s. a root or that from which something 
springs ; a family, a generation ; a parti- 
cular breed ; a running match : a course. 

Race, v. to run as in a race ; to run swiftly. 

Race-gin'ger, s. ginger in the root. 

Ra'cehorse, s. a horse bred to run for prizes. 

Racema'tion, s. cluster, like that of grapes. 

Ra"cemous, a. growing in clusters. 

Ra'cer, s. a runner ; a racehorse. 

Ra'ciness, 5. the state of being racy. 

Rack, s. something used for stretching ; an 
instrument of torture : torture or excruci- 
ating pain ; a framework in which hay is 
placed for cattle. 

Rack, v. to torture, to torment ; to strain or 
draw off from the lees. 

Rack'er, s. one who racks. 

Rack'et, s. a noise ; an instrument with 
which to strike the ball at tennis. 

Rack'et, v. to make a raeket. 

Rack'ety, a. noisy, making a noise. 

Rack'ing, s. torture of mind or body; the 
act of draining off liquors from lees. 

Rack'rent, s. rent raised to the utmost, the 
highest possible rent. 

Racoon', s. an American animal like a fox. 

Ra'cy, a. tasting of the root or soil ; stroag, 
flavor ous. 

Rad'dle, v. to twist together. 

Ra'dial, a. having ray -like points. 

Ra'diance, Ra'diancy, s. sparkling lustre. 

Ra'diant, a. emitting rays, brightly shining. 

Ea'diantly, ad. with sparkling lustre. 

Ra'diate, v. to emit rays, to shine ; to proceed 
in direct lines from a point. 

Ra'diated, a. adorned with rays. 

Radia'tion, s. an emission of rays; lustre. 

Rad'ical, a. pertaining to the root or origin ; 
fundamental, original, primitive. 

Rad'ical, s. a primitive word; one who, in 
politics, seeks fundamental changes in the 
constitution. 

Radically, ad. originally, fundamentally. 

Rad'icalness, s. the state of being radical. 

Rad'icate, v. to root, or to plant firmly. 

Rad'icate, a. deeply infixed. 

Radica'tion, s. the act of taking root. 

Rad'icle, s. a little roct ; that part of the 
seed of a plant which becomes its root. 

Rad'ish, s. a root commonly eaten raw. 

Ra'dius, s. the semidiameter of a circle. 

Ra'dix, [Lat.] 5. a root ; a primitive word. 

Raff, s. a confused heap ; the rabble. 

Raff, v. to sweep, to huddle. 

Raffle, v. to cast dice for a prize. 



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Raffle, 5. a kind of lottery. 

liaft, s. a float of timber. 

Rafter, s. the roof timber of a house. 

Raftered, a. built with rafters. 

Rafts'inan, s. a man who manages a raft. 

Rag, s. a tatter ; worn-out clothes. 

Ragamuffin, s. a tatterdemalion; a paltry 
low fellow. 

Rage, s. violent anger, passion, fury. 

Rage, v. to be in a rage ; to be furious. 

Ra'geful, a. full of rage, furious, violent. 

Rag'ged, a. tattered, dressed in rags ; un- 
even, rough, rugged. 

Rag'gedness, s. state of being ragged. 

Ra'ging, a. furious : s. fury, violence. 

Ra'gingly, ad. with fury. 

Rag'man, s. one who deals in rags. 

Ragou't, [Fr.] s. meat stewed and highly 
seasoned. 

Rag'stone, s. a gray stone which breaks in a 
ragged manner. 

Rag'wort, s. the name of a plant. 

Rail, s. the name of a bird. 

Rail, s. a sort of wooden or iron fence. 

Rail, v. to enclose or fence with rails. 

Rail (at), v. to scoff at, to abuse. 

Rail'er. s. one who scoffs or insults. 

Rail'ing, s. insolent reproachful language. 

Rail'ing, s. a fencework of rails. 

Rail'ingly, ad. scoffingly ; like a scoffer. 

Rail'lery,*. slight satire, good-humored irony. 

Rail'leur, [Fr.] s. a jester, a mocker. 

Rail'road, Rail'way, J. a road or way on 
which rails are laid for wheels to run on. 

Rai'ment, s. vesture, garment, dress. 

Rain, s. water falling in drops from the 
clouds. 

Rain, v. to fall in drops from the clouds ; to 
fall in drops like rain. 

Rain'beat, a. injured by rain. 

Rain'bow, s. an arch of various colors formed 
in showery weather, by the reflection and 
refraction of the sunbeams by the clouds. 

Rain'water, s. water from the clouds. 

Rain'y, a. showery, wet, moist. 

Raise, v. to lift, to erect ; to exalt ; to levy. 

Rai'ser, s. one that raises. 

Rai'sin, s. a dried grape. 

Rai'sing, s. the act of lifting or setting up. 

Ra'jah, s. the title of a Hindoo prince. 

Rake, s. an instrument with teeth like a 
large comb, used for smoothing the earth, 
or for gathering up light substances. 

Rake, v. to use a rake ; to draw or heap to- 
gether ; to search for diligently ; to can- 
nonade a ship so that the balls shall range 
the whole length of the deok. 

Rake, s. a wild dissolute fellow, a roue\ 

Rake'hell, s. a rake: a. wild, dissolute. 

Ra'ker, s. one that rakes. 

Ra'keshame, 5. a base rascally fellow. 

Ra'kish, a. loose, lewd, dissolute. 

Ra'kishness, s. dissolute practices. 

Rally, v. to put dispersed troops or forces 
into order ; to recover order ; to resume 
or recover strength. 

Ral'ly, s. the act of rallying. 

Ral'ly, v. to banter, to satirize jestingly. 

Ral'ly, s. banter ; slight satire. 

Ram, s. a male sheep ; a sign of the zodiae 
(Aries) ; a battering engine. 



Ram, v. to drive with violence, to force. 

Ram'adan, s. the Mahometan Lent. 

Ram'age, s. boughs or branches. 

Ram'ble, s. an irregular excursion. 

Ram'ble, v. to rove or wander about. 

Ram'bler, s. a rover, a wanderer. 

Ram'bling, s. the act of rambling. 

Ra'meous, a. belonging to a branch. 

Ramifica'tion, s. the act of branching ; a 
branch or division into branches. 

Ram'ify, v. to separate into branches. 

Ram'mer, s. an instrument to ram with. 

Ram'mish, a. having a strong scent. 

Ra'mous, a. consisting or full of branches. 

Ramp, s. a leap, a spring, a bound. 

Ramp, v. to climb, to leap about. 

Ram'pancy, s. prevalence, exuberance. 

Ram'pant, a. rearing as if to leap (in heral- 
dry) ; exuberant, rank. 

Ram'part, s. a wall or mound round a forti- 
fied place : v. to fortify with ramparts. 

Rances'cent, a. becoming rancid. 

Ran'cid, a. strong-scented, stinking. 

Rancid'ity, Ran'cidness, s. a strong scent, as 
of old grease or oil. 

Ran'corous, a. deeply malignant. 

Ran'corously, ad. malignantly. 

Ran'cour, s. inveterate malignity. 

Rand, s. border, seam, shred. 

Ran'dom, a. done by chance, without plan. 

Ran'dom, s. want of direction or method ; 
chance, hazard ; roving motion. 

Range, s. a rank, a row, a line ; a class ; the 
whole compass or extent of any thing ; a 
kitchen-grate. 

Range, v. to place in order ; to rove over. 

Ra'nger, s. a rover ; a forest officer. 

Ra'ngership, s. the office of keeper of a forest. 

Ra'nging, s. the act of placing in lines. 

Rank, a. rancid or strong-scented ; luxu- 
riant ; rampant ; gross, coarse. 

Rank, s. a line of men ; class ; dignity. 

Rank, v. to place in a row, to range, to class. 

Ran'kle, v. to fester, to be inflamed. 

Rank'ly, ad. luxuriantly ; grossly. ' 

Rank'ness, s. exuberance ; strong scent. 

Ran'ny, s. the shrew-mouse. 

Ran'sack, v. to plunder; to search thoroughly. 

Ran'som, s. price paid for redemption from 
captivity or punishment. 

Ran'som, v. to redeem from captivity. 

Ran'somer, s. one that redeems. 

Ran'somless, a. free from ransom. 

R,ant, v. to use high-sounding and bonibas- 
tical language : s. noisy and extravagant 
language. 

Rant'er, s. a ranting fellow ; one of a fanat- 
ical sect called Ranters. 

Ran'tipole, a. wild, roving, rakish. 

Ranun'culus, s. a flower, the crowfoot. 

Rap, s. a quick, smart blow, a knock. 

Rap, v. to strike with quick, smart blows. 

Rapa'oious, a. seizing by violence ; greedy. 

Rapa'ciously, ad. by violence ; greedily. 

Rapa'ciousness, s. the being rapacious. 

Rapa"city, $. ravenousness ; greediness. 

Rape, s. the act of taking away by force; 
violation of chastity. 

Rape, s. a plant, from the seed of which a 
kind of oil is obtained. 

Rap'id, a. quick, swift, speedy. 



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Rapid'ity, s. celerity, velocity, swiftness. 

Rap'idly, ad. swiftly, witli quick motion. 

Rap'idness, s. celerity, swiftness. 

Rap'ids, s. pi the part of a river where the 
currents are strongest. 

Ra'pier, s. a small sword for thrusting only. 

Rap'inc, s. the act of plundering ; violence, 
force : v. to plunder. 

Rappee', s. a coarse kind of snuff. 

Rap'per, s. one that raps or knocks ; the 
knocker of a door. 

Rap'port, [Fr.] s. relation, proportion. 

Rapt, a. enraptured, inspired. 

Rap'tor, Rap'ter, s. a ravisher, a plunderer. 

Rap'ture, s. violent seizure ; ecstasy, trans- 
port, extreme joy. 

Rap'tured, a. enraptured, transported. 

Rap'turous, a. ecstatic, transporting. 

Rare, a. thin, subtile, not dense ; scarce, 
highly-prized, valuable. 

Rare, a. nearly raw, imperfectly roasted. 

Ra'ree-show, s. a rare show, a pecpshow. 

Rarefac'tion, s the act of rarefying. 

Rar'efiable, a. admitting rarefaction. 

Rar'efy, v. to make or become thin. 

Ra'rely, ad. seldom ; choicely, finely. 

Ra'reness, s. the state or quality of being 
rare ; rarity. 

Rar'ity, s. thinness, subtilty ; infrequency ; 
a thing valued for its scarceness. 

Ras'cal, s. a mean fellow ; a scoundrel. 

Rascality, s. rascally conduct ; the rabble. 

Rascal'lion, s. one of the lowest people. 

Ras'cally, a. worthless, mean, base. 

Rase, fl.to graze or scrape the surface lightly 
in passing ; to erase or scrape out. 

Rash, a. hasty, precipitate. 

Rash, s. an eruption or breaking out. 

Rash'er, s. a thin slice of bacon. 

Rash'ly, ad. hastily, without thought. 

Rash'nass, s. inconsiderate haste ; temerity. 

Rasp, s. a large rough file ; a berry. 

Rasp, v. to rub or file with a rasp. 

Rasp'berry, s. a well-known berry. 

Rasp'er, s. he who, or that which rasps. 

Ra'sure, s. the act of scraping; an erasure. 

Rat, s. an animal of the mouse kind. 

Ra'table, a. that may be rated. 

Ra'tably, ad. by rate or proportion. 

Ratafi'a, s. a cordial liquor. 

Ratan', s. a small Indian cane. 

Ratch, s. a wheel in a striking clock. 

Ratch'et, s. a stop in a watch. 

Rate, s. a price fixed ; degree, quota, propor- 
tion ; parish tax ; a standard. 

Rate, v. to value, to estimate. 

Rate, v. to chide vehemently. 

Ra'ter, s. one who makes an estimate. 

Rath, s. a hill ; a circular mound. 

Rath, a. early, soon : ad. soon, betimes. 

Rath'er, ad. more willingly ; especially. 

Ratification, s. a confirmation. 

Rat'ificr, s. the person that ratifies. 

Rat'ify, v. to confirm, to settle, to establish. 

Ra'ting, s. a chiding, a scolding. 

Ra'tio, s. the relation or proportion which 
one thing has to another of the same kind 
in respect of magnitude or quality. 

Ratio"einate, v. to reason, to argue. 

Ratio Yination, J. the act of reasoning. 

Ratio'Yinativc, a. argumentative. 



Ra'tion, s. a rated share of provisions. 
Ra"tional, a. agreeable to reason ; endowed 

with reason ; wise, judicious. 
Rationale, s. a detail with reasons. 
Ra"tionalism, s. the tenets of a Rationalist. 
Ra"tionalist, s. one who professes to be 

guided by reason only ; a free-thinker. 
Rationality, s. the power of reasoning. 
Ra"tionally, ad. reasonably, with reason. 
Ra"tionalness, s. the state of being rational. 
Rat'lins, s. pi. the steps of a ship's shrouds. 
Rats'bane, s. arsenic, poison for rats. 
Rat'teen, s. a kind of woollen stuff. 
Rat'tle, s. a child's plaything ; empty talk. 
Rat'tle, v. to make a sharp, quick noise. 
Rat'tle-headed, a. giddy, not steady. 
Rat' tie-snake, s. a kind of serpent. 
Rat'tling, s. a clattering noise. 
Rau'city, s. hoarseness, a harsh noise. 
Rau'cous, a. hoarse, harsh. 
Rav'age, s. spoil, ruin, waste. 
Rav'age, v. to lay waste, to pillage. 
Rav'ager, s. a plunderer, a spoiler. 
Rave, v. to be delirious ; to be very fond of. 
RavYl, v. to entangle, to perplex. 
Rav'elin, s. a half moon in fortification. 
Rav'en, v. to prey on with rapacity. 
Rav'en, s. prey, rapine, rapaciou.sness. 
Ra'ven, s. a large black carrion fowl. 
Rav'ener, s. one who plunders. 
Rav'ening, s. eagerness for plunder. 
Rav'enous, a. voracious, hungry to rage. 
Rav'enously, ad. with raging voracity. 
Rav'enousness, s. furious voracity. 
Ra'ver, s. one who raves. 
Rav'in, s. prey, food got by violence. 
Rav'ine, [Fr.] s. a deep hollow pass. 
Ra'ving, s. a furious exclamation. 
Ra'vingly, ad. with distraction or frenzy. 
Rav'ish, v. to violate, to force ; to enrapture, 

to transport. 
Rav'isher, s. one who ravishes. 
Rav'ishing, a. enrapturing : s. rapture. 
Rav'ishingly, ad. to extremity of delight. 
Rav'ishment, s. violation ; ecstasy. 
Raw, a. not boiled or roasted ; bare of skin : 

sore ; not ripe, immature ; not prepared ; 

inexperienced ; cold and damp. 
Raw'boned, a. having bone3 scarcely covered 

with flesh ; having large or strong bones. 
Raw'ish, a. somewhat raw ; cold with damp. 
Raw'ly, ad. in a raw manner. 
Raw'ness, s. state of being raw. 
Ray, s. a beam of light ; any lustre. 
Ray, v. to streak ; to shoot forth. 
Ray, s. a kind of fish. 
Ray'less, a. dark, without a ray. 
Raze, s. a root of ginger. 
Raze, v. to erase : to extirpate ; to subvert. 
Razee', s. a ship of war cut down smaller. 
Ra'zor, s. an instrument used in shaving. 
Ra'zor-bill, s. a web-footed bird. 
Reach, v. to stretch, to extend; to arrive at, 

to attain to. 
Reach, s. extent, limit ; power, ability. 
Re-act', v. to act or perform a second time ; 

to return an impulse or impression. 
Re-ac'tion, s. counteraction, resistance. 
Read, v. to peruse ; to learn or know fully. 
Read, a. instructed in books, as "well-read.' 
Read'able, a. that may be or is fit to be read. 



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Rea'der, s. one who reads, a studious man. 
Rea'dership, s. the office of reader in a 

church or college. 
Read'ily, ad. with speed, promptly. 
Read'iness, s. promptitude, facility. 
Rea'ding, s. tlie act of perusing ; study of 

books ; a lecture or prelection ; variation 

of copies. 
Re-adjourn', v. to adjourn again. 
Re-adjust', v. to put in order again. 
Re-adjust'mcnt, s. a second adjustment. 
Ro-admis'sion, s. the act of admitting again. 
Re-admit', v. to admit or let in again. 
Re-admit'tance, s. allowance to enter again. 
Re-adopt', v. to adopt again. 
Re-adorn', v. to decorate again or anew. 
Re-advcr'tcncy, s. a turning to again. 
Road'y, a. prompt, willing ; near at hand. 
Read'y, ad. in a state of preparation. 
Re-affirm', v. to affirm a second time. 
Re-affirm'ance, s. a second confirmation. 
Re-a'gent, s. a term in chemistry. 
Re'al, a. actually existing ; true, genuine. 
Re'alist, s. an opponent of the Nominalists. 
Eteal'ity, s. real existence ; fact, truth. 
Realiza'tion, s. the act of realizing. 
Re'alize, v. to bring into being or into act. 
Re-alle"gc, v. to allege again. 
Re'ally, ad. in reality, truly. 
Realm, s. a kingdom, a state. 
Re'alty, s. adherence to a king ; loyalty. 
Ream, s. twenty quires of paper. 
Re-an'imate, v. to restore to life, to revive. 
Re-anima'tion, s. the act of reviving. 
Re-annex', v. to annex or join again. 
Reap, v. to cut with a sickle ; to gather in 

the harvest ; to obtain. 
Reap'er, s. one who reaps and gathers corn. 
Reap'ing-hook, s. a hook used to cut corn. 
Re-appar'el, v. to clothe again. 
Re-appear', v. to appear again. 
Re-appear'ance, s. the act of appearing again. 
Re- application, s. the act of applying again. 
Re-apply', v. to apply again. 
Re-appoint', v. to appoint again. 
Re-appoint'ment, s. a second appointment. 
Rear, s. that which is behind ; the last in 

order ; the last class. 
Rear, v. to raise up, to elevate, to rouse ; to 

bring up, to educate ; to stand on the hind 

legs as a horse. 
Rear-ad'miral, s. the admiral who carries his 

flag at the mizen topmast head. 
Rear'guard, *. the guard that passes last, or 

follows the main body. 
Rear'mouse, s. the leather-winged bat. 
Rear'rank, s. the last rank of a battalion. 
Rear'ward, s. the end ; the latter part. 
Re-ascend', v. to climb or mount up again. 
Re-assi'gn, v. to assign again. 
Rea'son, J. the discerning faculty in man; 

argument: motive; cause; ratiocination; 

just view of things. 
Rea'son, v. to argue or examine rationally. 
Reasonable, a. endued with reason, just. 
Reasonableness, s. agreeablencss to reason. 
Reasonably, ad. agreeably to reason. 
Rea'soner, s. one who reasons. 
Rea'soning, s. the act of reasoning; argu- 
mentation. 
Raa'sonk'ss, a. void of reason. 



Re-assem'ble, v. to collect anew. 

Re-assert', v. to assert again. 

Re-assu'me, v. to resume, to take again. 

Re-assump'tion, s. act of reassuming. 

Re-assu'rance, ,?. a second assurance. 

Re-assu're, v. to assure again ; to assure or 
free from alarm. 

Re-assu'rer, s. he who insures the first in- 
surer or under-writer. 

Re-atta'ch, v. to attach a second time. 

Re-attach'ment, s. a second attachment. 

Re-attempt', v. to try again. 

Reave, v. to take by stealth or violence. 

Rebapti'ze, v. to baptize again. 

Rcba'te, v. to blunt ; to lessen. 

Rcba'te, s. discount. 

Reba'tement, s. diminution ; deduction. 

Re'beck, s. a three-stringed fiddle. 

Reb'el, s. one who opposes lawful authority. 

Rebel', v. to oppose lawful authority. 

Reb'el, a. rebellious, guilty of rebellion. 

Rebel'ler, s. one that rebels. 

Rebel'lion, s. an insurrection or taking up 
arms against lawful authority. 

Rebcl'lious, a. opposing lawful authority. 

Rebel'liously, ad. in a rebellious manner. 

Rebel'liousness, s. the being rebellious. 

Rcbel'low, v. to echo back a loud noise. 

Roblos'som, v. to blossom again. 

Rcboa'tion, s. the return of a loud bellowing 
sound ; loud reverberation. 

Reboil', v. to boil again or a second time. 

Rebound', v. to spring or start badk. 

Rebound', s. the act of rebounding. 

Rebra'co, v. to brace again. 

Rebuff', s. a sudden check ; refusal. 

Rebuff', v. to check ; to disencourage. 

Rebuild', v. to build again or anew. 

Rebu'kable, a. deserving rebuke. 

Rebu'ke, s. chiding, reproof. 

Rebu'ke, v. to chide, to reprehend, 

Rebu'keful, a. containing rebuke. 

Rebu'kefully, ad. with rebuke. 

Rebu'ker, s. a chider, a reprehender. 

Re'bus, s. a word or name represented tnj 
things ; a, sort of riddle. 

Rebut', v. to repel, to beat back ; to oppo-se 
by argument. 

Rebut'ter, s. an answer to a rejoinder. 

Recall', s. a calling back; a revocation. 

Recall', v. to call back ; to revoke. 

Recant', v. to retract an opinion. 

Recanta'tion, s. a retracting an opinion. 

Recant'er, s. one who recants. 

Recapa"citate, v. to capacitate again. 

Reeapit'ulate, v. to repeat the heads or snm 
of what has been already stated. 

Recapitula'tion, s. a summing up. 

Recapitulatory, a. repeating again. 

Recap'tion, s. a second distress or seizure. 

Recap'tor, s. one who retakes. 

Recap'ture, s. a prize retaken from those who 
had taken it : v. to retake a prize. 

Recar'nify, v. to convert again into flesh. 

Recar'ry, v. to carry back. 

Recast', v. to throw again ; to mould anew. 

Rece'de, v. to move back ; to retreat. 

Receipt', s. the act of receiving ; a written 
acknowledgment of money or goods re- 
ceived (often used erroneously for Recipe) : 
v. to giye a receipt for. 



REC 



EEC 



Receivable, a. capable of being received. 

Recer/ableness, s. the being receivable. 

Recei've, v. to take, to admit, to allow, to 
entertain as a guest. 

Receiv'edness, s. general allowance. 

Receiver, s. one who receives. 

Recel'ebrate, v. to celebrate again. 

Re'cency, J. newness, lateness, freshness. 

Recen'se, v. to review, to revise. 

Recen'sion, s. an enumeration, a review. 

Re'cent, a. new, late, fresh. 

Re'cently, ad. newly, lately, freshly. 

Re'centness, s. newness, freshness. 

Recep'tacle, s. a place to receive things in. 

Receptibil'ity, s. possibility of receiving. 

Recep'tion, s. act of receiving ; admission. 

Recep'tive, a. capable or having the quality 
of receiving. 

Receptivity, s. state of being receptive. 

Recep'tory, a. generally admitted. 

Recess', s. a retirement, retreat ; a private 
part or abode. 

Reces'sion, s. the act of retreating. 

Recha'nge, v. to change again. 

Rechar'ge, v. to charge again ; to re-attack. 

Recheat', s . recalling hounds by winding a 
horn when they are on a wrong scent. 

Rechoo'se, v. to choose a second time. 

Recidiva'tion, s. the act of falling back. 

Recid'ivous, a. subject to backsliding. 

Re"cipe, [Lat.] s. a medical prescription. 

Recipient, s. a receiver, a vessel to receive. 

Reciprocal, a. mutual ; alternate. 

Recip'rocally, ad. mutually, alternately. 

Reeip'rocalness. s. mutual return. 

Recip'rocate, v. to interchange or act inter- 
changeably ; to alternate. 

Reciproca'tion, 5. interchange, alternation. 

Recipro"city, s. reciprocal obligation. 

Reci"sion, s. the act of cutting off. 

Reci'tal, s. rehearsal ; narration. 

Recita'tion,,?. repetition of something learned. 

Recitati've, Recitati'vo, s. a kind of chant 
or musical pronunciation. 

Recitati'vely, ad. after the manner of reci- 
tative. 

Reci'te, v. to repeat, to rehearse. 

Reci'ter, s. one who recites. 

Reck, v. to heed, to mind, to care for. 

Reck'less, a. heedless, careless, mindless. 

Recklessness, s. heedlessness, carelessness. 

Reck'on, v. to number, to count, to calculate. 

Reck'oner, s. one who computes. 

Reck'oning, s. an account taken, charge. 

Reclaim', v. to call back ; to call back from 
error, to reform, to recover. 

Reclaim', s. reformation, recovery. 

Reclaim'able, a. that may be reclaimed. 

Rcclaim'ant, s. one that reclaims. 

Reclaim/less, a. not to be reclaimed. 

Reclama'tion, s. recovery ; demand. 

Reclina'tion, s. the act of reclining. 

Recli'ne, v. to lean back ; to rest. 

Reclo'se, v. to close again. 

Reclu'de, v. to open, to unclose. 

Reclu'se, a. shut up, retired. 

Reclu'se, s. one living in a secluded state. 

Reelu'sely, ad. in retirement ; like a recluse. 

Reclu'seness, Reclu'sion, s. retirement. 

Reclu'sive, a. affording concealment. 

Rocoagula'tion, s. a second coagulation. 



Recoct', v. to dress or vamp tip again. 

Rec'ognisable, a. that may be recognised. 

Recog'nisance, s. acknowledgment, avowal; 
an obligation or bond. 

Rec'ognise, v. to acknowledge, to review. 

Recognition, s. formal acknowledgment. 

Recoil', v. to fall or start back, to shrink. 

Recoil', s. a falling or starting back. 

Recoil'ing, s. the act of shrinking back. 

Recoil'ingly, ad. with retrocession. 

Recoin', v. to coin over again. 

Recoin'age, s. the act of coining anew. 

Re-collect', v. to gather again. 

Rec'ollect, v. to recall to memory. 

Rec'ollection, .y. a revival in the memory of 
former ideas, remembrance. 

Rec'ollcctive, a. having the power of recol- 
lecting. 

Recombi'ne, v. to join together again. 

Recom'fort, v. to comfort again. 

Recommen'ce, v. to begin anew. 

Recommend', v. to commend to another. 

Recommend'able, a. worthy of commenda- 
tion, or of being recommended. 

Recommenda'tion, s. the act of recommend- 
ing, that which recommends. 

Recommen'datory, a. recommending. 

Recommend'er, s. one who recommends. 

Recommis'sion, v. to commission again. 

Recommit', v. to commit again. 

Recommitment, s. a second commitment. 

Recommu'mciite, v. to communicate again. 

Recompact', v. to join anew. 

Rec'ompense, s. a requital ; a compensation. 

Rec'ompense, v. to repay, to requite. 

Recompi'lcment, s. a new compilation. 

Recompo'se, v. to settle or adjust anew. 

Recomposi"tion, s. composition renewed. 

Reconcilable, a. that may be reconciled. 

Reconcilableness, s. the being reconcilable. 

Rec'oncile, v. to restore to friendship or 
favor ; to appease enmity between ; to 
make to be consistent. 

Reconcilement, s. a reconciliation. 

Rec'onciler. s. one who reconciles. 

Reconciliation, s. renewal of friendship. 

Reconcillatory, a. tending to reconcile. 

Recondensa'tion, s. the act of recondensing. 

Rcconden'se, v. to condense again. 

Rec'ondite, a. hidden ; profound ; abstruse. 

Reconduct', v. to conduct back again. 

Reconfirm', v. to establish again. 

Reconjoin', v. to join anew. 

Reconnoi'tre, v. to view, to survey, to exa- 
mine (a military term.) 

Recon'quer, v. to conquer again. 

Recon'secrate, v. to consecrate anew. 

Reconsid'er, v. to consider again. 

Reconsidera'tion. s. a second consideration. 

Reconve'ne, v. to convene again. 

Reconversion, s. a second conversion. 

Reconvert', v. to convert again. 

Reconvey', v. to convey back again. 

Reconveyance, s. transferring a title back to 
a former proprietor. 

Record', v. to register, to enrol ; to cause to 
be remembered ; to celebrate. 

Rec'ord, s. an authentic enrolment. 

Rccorda'tion, s. a recording. 

Record'er, s. a law officer who keeps rolls or 
records ; a kind of flute. 



EEC 



239 



BED 



Recouch', v. to lie down again. 

Recount', v. to relate in detail ; to recite. 

Recour'se, s. an application as for help or 
protection ; access ; return. 

RecoVer, v. to get again; to regain health. 

Recoverable, a. that may be recovered. 

Recovery, s. act of regaining ; restoration 
from sickness. 

Rec'reant, a. cowardly, mean-spirited ; apos- 
tate : s. a coward, a dastard. 

Rec'reate, v. to refresh, to delight. 

Re-crea'te, v. to create anew, to revive. 

Reerea tion, s. relief after toil ; diversion. 

Re-crea'tion, s. a forming anew. 

Rec'reative, a. refreshing ; diverting. 

Rec'rcativcly, ad. with recreation. 

Recrea'tiveness, s. the being recreative. 

Rec'rement, s. dross, spume. 

Recremen'tal, a. recrementitions. 

Recrementi'tious, a. drossy. 

Recrim'inate, v. to accuse in return. 

Recrimina'tion, s. an accusation retorted. 

Recriminator, s. one who recriminates. 

Recrim'inatory, a. retorting accusation. 

Recrudes'eent, a. growing painful again. 

Recruit', v. to repair by new supplies ; to 
raise new soldiers ; to strengthen : s. a 
newly enlisted soldier. 

Reoruit'ing, s. the act of recruiting. 

Recrys'tallize,i'. to crystallize again. 

Reet'angle, s. a right-angled parallelogram 
or quadrilateral figure. 

Rect'angled, a. having right angles. 

Rectan'gular, a. right-angled. 

Rcctan'gularly, ad. with right angles. 

Rec'tifiable, a. capable of being set right. 

Rectification, s. the act of rectifying. 

Rec'tifier, s. one who rectifies. 

Rec'tify, v. to correct or make right ; to ex- 
alt and improve by repeated distillation. 

Rectilin'eal, Ractilin'ear, Rectilin'eous, a. 
right-lined, consisting of right lines. 

Reo'titude, s. straightness, uprightness. 

Rec'tor, s. a minister of a parish ; a ruler. 

Recto'rial, a. belonging to a rector. 

Rec'torship, s. the office of a rector. 

Rcc'tory, s. a rector's church and benefice ; 
the rector's house. 

Rec'tum, s. the last of the large intestines. 

Recuba'tion, s. the act of lying or leaning. 

Recu'le. See Recoil. 

Recumb', v. to lean ; to repose. 

Recum'benee, Recum'bency, s. the act or 
posture of lying or leaning ; rest, repose. 

Recum'bent, a. lying, leaning, reposing. 

Recupera'tion, s. the recovery of a thing. 

Recu'perative, a. tending to recover. 

Recu'peratory, a. recuperative. 

Recur', v. to come back to the mind or me- 
mory ; to have recourse to. 

Recu're, v. to recover from sickness. 

Recurrence, Recur'rency, s. return. 

Recur'rent, a. returning from time to time. 

Recur' vate, v. to bend back : a. bent back. 

Racurva'tion, ,?. flexure backwards. 

Recur' ve, v. to bow or bend back. 

R-cur'vity, s. recurvation. 

Ri cur'vous, a. bent backward. 

Recu'sancy, s. non-conformity. 

Roc'usant, a. refusing to conform. 
Ucc'uaant, s . a noa-conformist. 



Recusa'tion, s. a refusal. 

Recu'se, v. to refuse, to reject. 

Recus'sion, s. the act of beating back. 

Red, a. of the color of blood. 

Red'breast, s. a small bird, the robin. 

Red-chalk', s. a kind of clay iron-stone. 

Red'coat,*. a name of contempt for a soldier* 

Red'den, v. to make or grow red ; to blush. 

Redden'dum, s. the clause in a lease reserv- 
ing the rent or returns. 

Red'dish, a. somewhat red. 

Red'dishness, s. a tendency to redness. 

Reddi"tion, s. the act of returning ; a ren- 
dering of the sense ; an explanation. 

Red'ditive, a. answering to an interrogation. 

Red'dle, s. a sort of mineral, red chalk. 

Rede, s. counsel, advice : v. to advise. 

Redeem', v. to ransom, to relieve from any 
thing by paying a price ; to recover. 

Redeem'able, a. capable of redemption. 

Redeem'ableness, s. the being redeemable. 

Redeem'er, s. one who ransoms or redeems, 
in particular, the Saviour of the world. 

Redeem'ing, a. that does or may redeem. 

Redeliv'er, v. to deliver or give back. 

Redeliv'erance, s. a second deliverance. 

Redelivery, s. the act of delivering back. 

Redemand', v. to demand back. 

Redemption, s. a ransom, the ransom of 
mankind by the death of Christ. 

Redemp'tory, a. paid for ransom. 

Redescend', v. to descend again. 

Red'gum, s. a disease of infants newly born. 

Red'hot, a. heated to redness. 

Redigest', v. to digest again. 

Redin'tegrate, v. to make whole again. 

Redin'tegrated, a. restored ; renewed. 

Redin'tegration, s. renovation, restoration. 

Redisbur'sc. v. to repay, to refund. 

Redispo'se, v. to adjust or dispose anew. 

Redissol've, v. to dissolve again. 

Redistribute, v. to distribute again. 

Redistribu'tion, s. a second distribution. 

Red-lead', s. a kind of coarse red mineral. 

Red'iy, ad. with redness. 

Red'ness, s. the quality of being red. 

Red'olence, Rcd'olency, s. a sweet scent. 

Red'olent, a. sweet of scent, fragrant. 

Redoub'le, v. to double again. 

Redoubt', s. the outwork of a fortification. 

Redonbt'able, a. formidable, much feared. 

Redoubt'ed, a. dreadful to foes, much feared, 
awful (now used ironically.) 

Redound', v. to be sent back by reaction ; to 
conduce to. 

Red'pole, s. a bird with a red head. 

Redress', v. to set right, to amend ; to relieve. 

Redress', s. amends ; remedy, relief. 

Redress'er, s. one who affords redress. 

Redress'ive, a. affording redress, succouring. 

Redress'less, a. without relief. 

Red'sear, v. to break or crack under the 
hammer while red-hot. 

Red'shank, s. the name of a bird. 

Red'start, Red'tail, s. a small bird. 

Red'streak, s. a sort of apple. 

Redu'ce, v. to bring back, to bring from one 
state to another; to diminish; to subdue; 
to degrade. 

Redu'comont, s. a subduing; a diminishing. 

Redu'cer, s. one that reduces. 



BED 



240 



REF 



Redu'cible, a. that may be reduced. 

Redu'cibleness, s. the being reducible. 

Reduct', s. a little place out of a larger 
building. 

Reduc'tion, s. the act of reducing. 

Reduc'tive, a. having the power to reduce. 

Reduc'tively, ad. by reduction. 

Redun'dance, Redun'dancy, s. superfluity, 
superabundance. 

Redundant, a. superfluous, overflowing. 

Redun'dantly. ad. superabundantly. 

Redu'plicate, v. to double over again. 

RedupHca'tion, s. the act of doubling. 

Redu'plicative, a. doubling again. 

Red'wing, j. the name of a bird. 

Ree, s. a small Portuguese coin. 

Re-ech'o, v. to echo back. 

Reed. s. a hollow knotted stalk ; a pipe. 

Reed'ed, a. covered with or made like reeds. 

Reed'en. a. consisting of reeds. 

Reed'-grass, s. a plant, bur-reed. 

Re-edifica'tion, s. the act of rebuilding. 

Re-ed'ify, v. to rebuild, to build again. 

Reed'less, a. being without reeds. 

Reed'y, a. abounding with reeds. 

Reef, j. that part of a sail which can bo 
drawn together by means of eyelet holes, 
so as to reduce the extent of the surface : 
v. to reduce the surface of a sail. 

Reef, j. a chain of low rocks. 

Reef-tackle, s. ropes used in reefing sails. 

Reek, s. smoke, vapour :• v. to smoke. 

Reek'y, a. smoked, tanned, dark. 

Reel, s. a turning frame on which yarn is 
wound ; a brisk winding dance. 

Reel, v. to wind on a reel ; to stagger. 

Re-elect', v. to elect again. 

Re-elec'tion, s. a fresh or second election. 

Re-embark', v. to take shipping again. 

Re-embat'tle, v. to range again for battle. 

Re-embod'y, v. to embody again. 

Re-enact', v. to enact again or anew. 

Re-enact'ment, s. passing into law again. 

Re-en fo'ree, v. to send fresh forces. 

Re-en fo'reement, s. fresh assistance. 

Re-enga'ge, v. to engage again. 

Re-enjoy, v. to enjoy again or anew. 

Re-enjoy'ment, s. a second enjoyment. 

Re-enkindle, v. to enkindle again or anew. 

Re-enlist', v. to enlist a second time. 

Rc-en'tcr, v. to enter again or anew. 

Re-enthro'ne, v. to replace on a throne. 

Re-en'trance, s. the act of entering again. 

Re-estab'lish, v. to establish anew. 

Re-estab'lisher, s. one that re-establishes. 

Re-estab'lishmcnt, s. the act of re-establish- 
ing ; a restoration. 

Reeve, s. a steward ; the bailiff of a manor. 

Reeve, v. to pass the end of a rope through 
a hole or block (a sea term.) 

Re-examina'tion, s. a renewed examination. 

Re-exam'inc, v. to examine anew. 

Re-ex po'rt, v. to export again. 

Refec'tion, s. refreshment after hunger. 

Refec'tive, a. refreshing. 

Refee'tory, s. a room for refreshment. 

Refel', v. to refute, to disprove. 

Refer', v. to direct to another for information 
or for judgment ; to appeal ; to reduce as 
to a class ; to have or bear relation. 

Referable, a. that may bo referred. 



Referee', s. one to whom anything is referred 
for his decision. 

Reference, s. a referring of some thing to 
another ; relation, respect ; view towards ; 
allusion to ; a mark referring to the bottom 
of a page. 

Referen'dary, s. an officer who, formerly, de- 
livered the royal answer to petitions. 

Refer'ment, s. reference for decision. 

Re-ferment', v. to ferment again or anew. 

Refei'rible, a. that may be referred. 

Rcfi'ne, v. to purify, to clear from dross ; to 
polish, to make elegant; to affect nicety. 

Reri'nedly, ad. with affected elegance. 

Reii'nednes3, s. state of being refined. 

Refinement, J. the act of refining ; the stato 
of being refined ; purity ; polish of man- 
ners, elegance ; affectation. 

Refi'ner, s. a purifier, one who refines. 

Refit', v. to repair, to fit up again. 

Reflect', v. to bend or throw back ; to think 
on what is past ; to consider attentively ; 
to throw censure or reproach upon. 

Reflec'tent, a. bending or flying back. 

Refiec'tion, s. the act of reflecting ; that 
which is reflected ; attentive consideration ; 
animadversion ; censure. 

Reflec'tible, a. that may be reflected. 

Reflecting, a. given to consideration. 

Reflec'tingly, ad. in a reflecting manner ; 
with censure. 

Refiec'tive, a. throwing back images; consi- 
dering things past. 

Reflec'tor, s. one who, or that which reflects. 

Reflex', v. to bend or turn back. 

Re'flex, s. reflection : a. directed backward. 

Reflexibil'ity, s. quality of being refiexible. 

Reflex'ibie, a. that may be bent back. 

Reflex'ity, s. the capacity of being reflected. 

Reflex'ire, a. having respect to the past. 

Reflex ively, ad. in a backward direction. 

Reflores'conce, s. a blossoming anew. 

Reflour'ish, v. to flourish anew. 

Reflow', v. to flow back, to flow again. 

Ref'luence, Ref'luency, s. a flowing back. 

Refluent, a. reflowing ; flowing back. 

Re'flux, s. a flowing back ; ebb of the tide, 

Refo"ciIlate, v. to strengthen by refreshment. 

Re foment', v. to foment again or anew. 

Reform', v. to form anew, to make better. 

Reform', s. reformation, amendment. 

Reformation, s. the act of reforming; changs 
from worse to better. 

Re-forma'tion, s. the act of forming anew. 

Reformatory, a. contributing to reformation. 

Reform'er, s. one who makes a change for the 
better ; one concerned in bringing about 
the reformation ; one who advocates or 
promotes political reforms. 

Rcform'ist, s. one of the reformed religion. 

Refor'tify, v. to fortify again or anew. 

Refos'sion, s. the act of digging up. 

Re found', v. to cast or mould anew. 

Refract', v. to break the natural or direct 
course of rays of light. 

Refrac'tion, s. the act of refracting ; varia- 
tion of a ray of light from its direct course. 

Refrac'tive, a. having power of refraction. 

Rofrac'toriness, s. the being refractory. 

Rcfrac'tory, a. obstinate, contumacious. 

Ref'ragablc, a. that may be confuted. 



REF 



241 



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Befrain', v. to hold back, forbear, abstain. 

Re'frain, *. the burden of a song. 

Refra'me, v . to frame again or anew. 

Refrangibillty, s. the being refrangible. 

Refran'gible, a. capable of being refracted. 

Refresh', v. to recreate after fatigue, want, or 
pain ; to take refreshment ; to improve by- 
new touches. 

Refresh'cr, s. that which refreshes. 

Refreshing, s. relief after fatigue or suffering. 

Refresh'ment, 5. food, rest, relief after pain. 

Refret', s. the burden of a song. 

llefri"gerant, a. cooling, refreshing. 

Refrf'gerant, s. a cooling medicine. 

Refri"gerate, ts. to refresh by cooling. 

Refrigera'tion, s. the act of cooling. 

Refri"gerative, a. having power to cool. 

Refrigeratory, a. cooling: s. any thing that 
cools, as part of a distilling vessel ; a cool- 
ing drink or medicine. 

Refrige'rium, [Lat.] *. a cool refreshment. 

Reft. See Rift. 

Refuge, s. shelter from danger or distress. 

Refuge, v. to shelter, to take refuge. 

Refugee', a", one who has sought refuge. 

Reful'gence, s. splendor, brightness. 

Reful'gent, a. bright, shining, glittering. 

Reful'gently, ad. in a shining manner. 

Refund', v. to pour back, to repay, to restore. 

Refu'sable, a. that may be refused. 

Refu'sal, s. a denial ; right of choice : option. 

Refu'se, v. to deny a request, to reject. 

Refuse, a. refused as of no value, worth- 
less : s. worthless remains. 

Refu'ser, s. he who refuses or rejects. 

Refu'tablo, a. that may be refuted. 

Refutation, s. a refuting of an assertion. 

Refu'te, v. to prove false or erroneous. 

Refu'ter, J. one who refutes or disproves. 

Regain', v. to recover, to gain anew. 

Re'gal, a. royal, kingly. 

Rega'le, v. to entertain sumptuously, to feast ; 
to refresh. 

Rega'le, s. an entertainment, a treat. 

Rega'lemcnt, s. entertainment, refreshment. 

Rega'lia, s. the ensigns of royalty. 

Regal'ity, s. royalty, sovereignty, kingship. 

Re'gally, ad. in a regal manner. 

Regard', v. to look towards, to observe ; to 
respect, to value ; to have relation to. 

Regard', s. attention, respect, relation. 

Regard'able, a. observable, worthy of note. 

Regard'ant, a. in heraldry, looking back, as 
on the watch. 

Regard'er, s. one that regards. 

Regard'ful, a. attentive, taking notice of. 

Regard'fully, ad. attentively, heedfully. 

Regardless, a. heedless, negligent. 

Regard'lessly, ad. without heed. 

Regard'lessness, s. negligence, inattention 

Rcgat'ta, [Ital.] ,v. a boat-i - acc. 

Re'gency, s. the government by a regent. 

Rcgen'eracy, s. state of being regenerate. 

Regenerate, a. born anew by grace. 

Regenerate, v. to generate or produce anew ; 
to renew by spiritual change. 

Regcn'eratcncss, s. state of being regenerate. 

Regeneration, s. a new birth by grace. 

Regen'eratory, a. having power to renew. 

Re'gent, s.onc ruling for another ; a governor. 

Re'gcnt, a. governing, ruling. 



Re'gentship, *. the office of a regent. 

Reger'minate, v. to germinate again. 

Regermina'tion, s. a budding-out again. 

Re"gicide, .?. the murderer of a king ; tho 
murder of a king. 

Re"gimen, s. a diet in time of sickness. 

Re"giment, s. a body of soldiers commanded 
by a colonel ; rule, government. 

Rcgimen'tal, a. belonging to a regiment. 

Regimen'tals, s.pl. military uniform. 

Re'gion, s. (literally a portion of a country 
under a governor,) a large tract of land or 
space ;' country, place, locality. 

Re"gister, s. a list, a record. 

Re"gister, v. to record in a register. 

Re"gistership, s. the office of register. 

Re"gistrar, Re"gistrary, s. an officer whose 
business is to write and keep the register. 

Registra'tion, J. the act of registering. 

Re"gistry, s. the place where a register is 
kept ; facts registered. 

Reg'nant, a. reigning ; predominant. 

Regor'ge, v. to vomit up ; to swallow back. 

Re'graft', v. to graft again. 

Regrant', v. to grant back again. 

Regra'te, v. to grate or offend much. 

Regra'te, v. to buy up provisions for the pur- 
pose of selling them again in the same 
market ; to forestall. 

Regra'ter, s. one that regrates or forestalls. 

Regreet', v. to greet a second time. 

R< greet', s. an exchange of salutation. 

Regress', v. to go back, to return. 

Re'gress, s. passage back, power of return. 

Regres'sion, s. the act of going back. 

Regressive, a. passing back, returning. 

Regres'sively, ad. in a backward manner. 

Regret', v. to grieve at, to bo sorry for. 

Regret', s. vexation at something past. 

Regret'ful, a. full of regret. 

Regret'fully, ad. with regret. 

Reg'ular, a. agreeable to rule, methodical. 

Reg'ular, s. a soldier belonging to a perma- 
nent army ; a monk. 

Regularity, s. conformity to rule, method. 

Reg'ularly, ad. constantly, methodically. 

Reg'ulate, v. to adjust by rule, to direct. 

Regulation, s. act of regulating ; a rule. 

Reg'ulator, s. one who, or that which reg- 
ulates. 

Reg'ulus, s. the purest part of a metallio 
substance. 

Regur'gitate, v. to throw or be poured back. 

Regurgitation, s. the act of swallowing back. 

Rehabilitate, v. to restore a delinquent to 
former rank, privilege or right. 

Rehabilita'tion, s. the act of reinstating. 

Rehear', v. to hear again. 

Rehearing, s. a second hearing. 

Rehcar'sal, s. a previous recital. 

Rehear'se, v. to recite previously, to tell. 

Rehcars'er, s. one who recites. 

Rei'gle, s. a groove for any thing to run in. 

Reign, s. the time of a king's government. 

Reign, v. to rule as a king ; to prevail. 

Re-imbur'so, v. to pay back again, to refund. 

Re-imbur'sement, s. repayment. 

Re-imbur'ser, s. one who repays an expense 

Re-implant', v. to plant or graft again. 

Rc-importu'ne, v. to entreat again. 

Re-inipreg'nate, v. to impregnate anew. 



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Re-impres'sion, s. a second impression. 
Re-imprint', v. to imprint again. 
Re-impiis'oD, v. to imprison a second time. 
Rein, s part of a bridle : v. to curb. 
Rein'deer, s. a deer which, in Lapland, is 

used for drawing sledges. 
Re-ingra'tiate, v. to ingratiate again. 
Re-inliab'it, v. to inhabit again. 
Rein'Jess, a. without rein, unchecked. 
Reins, s.pl. the kidneys, the lower back. 
Ro-insert', v. to insert a second time. 
Re-inser'tion. s. a second insertion. 
Re-inspect', v. to inspect again. 
Re-inspee'tion, *. a second inspection. 
Re-inspi're, v. to inspire anew. 
Re-insial', v. to put again in possession. 
Re-ins tal'ment, s. a second instalment. 
Re-insta'te, v. to restore to its former state. 
Re-insta'teuaent, s. the act of putting in, or 

restoring to a former state. 
Re-insu'rance, s. a second insurance of the 

same property. 
Rc-insu're, v. to insure the same property a 

second time. 
He-in'tegrate. See Redintegrate. 
Re-integra'tion, s. a making whole again. 
Re-inter'rogate, v. to question repeatedly. 
Re-inthro'ne, Re-inthio'nize, v. to place 

again upon the throne. 
Re'ia Effen'di, s. a Turkish minister of state. 
Re-invest', v. to invest anew. 
Re-invest'ment, s. a second investment. 
Re-invig'orate, v. to reanimate. 
Re-it'erate, v. to repeat again and again. 
Re-itcra'tion, s. a frequent repetition. 
Reject', v. to refuse, to discard, to cast off. 
Reject/able, a. that may lie rejected. 
Rejeet'er, s. one who rejects, a refuser. 
Rejec'tion, s. the act of rejecting, refusal. 
Rejec'tive, a. that rejects or casts off. 
Rejoi'ce, v. to be glad, to exult, to be joyful. 
Rejoi'cer, s. one that rejoices. 
Rejoi'cing, s. expression of joy. 
Rfjoi'cingly, ad with joy, with exultation. 
Rejoin', v. to join again ; to meet one again ; 

to answer to a reply. 
Rejoin'der, s. an answer to a reply. 
Rejoint', v. to reunite the joints. 
Rejourn'. See Adjourn. 
Rejud'ge, v. to judge again, to review. 
Rejuvenes'cence, Rejuvenes'cency, s. the 

state of being young again. 
Reju'vonize, v. to make young again. 
Rekin'dle, v. to set on fire again. 
Reland', v. to land again. 
Relap'se, v. to slide or fall back into sickness 

or error; to backslide. 
Relap'se, s. a sliding or falling back. 
Relap'ser, s. one who again falls into error. 
Rela'tc, v. (to bring or carry back) to recite, 

to tell ; to have relation or reference to. 
Rela'ted, a having relation or reference to ; 

connected by birth or marriage. 
Rela'ter, s. a narrator, an historian. 
Rela'tion, s. the act of relating or telling ; 

reference, connexion ; kindred, a person 

related. 
Relational, a. having relation or kindred. 
Relationship, s. state of kindred or alliance. 
Rel'ative, s. a relation, a kinsman. 
liel'ative a, having relation, respecting. 



Relatively, ad. as it respects something el3'. 
Rel'ativencss, s. state of having relation. 
Rela'tor, s. in law, one who informs in the 

nature of a quo warranto. 
Relax', v. to be remiss, to slacken, to remit. 
Relax'ed, a. loosened, slackened. 
Relax'able, a. that may be remitted. 
Relaxation, s. a loosening, remission. 
Rclax'ative, s. that which has power to relax, 
Relax'ing, a. tending to relax. 
Relay', v. to lay again. 
Rt lay', s. a supply of horses to relieve other* 

on the road, or of dogs in the chace. 
Releas'able, a. that may be released. 
Relea'se, s. a setting free ; a remission. 
Relea'se, v. to set free from restraint. 
Relea'sement, s. the act of releasing. 
Releaser, s. one who releases or sets free. 
Rei'egate, v. to banish, to exile. 
Relega'tion, s. exile, judicial banishment. 
Relent', v. to feel compassion, to mollify. 
Relcnt'less, a. unpitying, unmerciful. 
Rolessee', s. in law, a person to whom a re- 
lease is executed. 
Rclessor', s. the exreutor of a release. 
R( 1'evance, *. state of being relevant. 
Rel'evant, a. relieving; relating to. 
Reli'ance, s. trust, dependence, confidence. 
R'el'ic, *. something remaining ; that which' 

is kej>t with veneration. 
Rel'ics, s. pi. the remains of dead bodies. 
Rel'iet. s. woman whose husband is dead. 
Relief, s. alleviation, succour ; relievo. 
Reli'er, s. one who places reliance. 
Reliev'able, a. capable of relief. 
Relie've, v. to alleviate, to succour, to assist; 

to change a guard. 
Relie'vo, s. the raising or prominence of a 

figure in sculpture. 
Reli'gion, s. duty to God, piety; a system 

of faith and worship. 
Reli"gionist, s. a bigot in any religion. 
Reli"gious, a. pious, devout, holy; exact. 
Reli"gious, s. one bound by religious vows. 
Reli 'giously, ad. piously, reverently. 
Reli' giousness, s. quality of being religious. 
Relin'quish, v. to forsake, to give up. 
Relin'quisher, s. one who relinquishes. 
Relin'quishment, s. the act of giving up. 
Rel'iquarv, s. a shrine or casket in which 

relics are kept. 
Rel'ish, s. taste, liking, flavour. 
Rel'ish, v. to have a liking for ; to have a- 

pleasing flavour. 
Rel'ishablc, a. having a relish. 
Reliv'e, v. to live again or anew. 
Rehi'cent, a. shining, transparent. 
Reluc'tance, Reluc'tancy, s. unwillingness; 

repugnance. 
Reluc'tant. a. unwilling, repugnant. 
Reluc'tantly, ad. with unwillingness. 
Reluc'tate, v. to struggle against. 
Relueta'tion, s. repugnance, resistance. 
Rclu'me, Relu'mine, v. to light anew. 
Rely', v. to depend upon ; to put trust in 4 
Remain', s. a relic, that which is left. 
Remain', v. to lie left ; to continue. 
Remain'der, s. what is left, remains. 
Remains', s. pi. relics ; a dead body. 
Rema'ke, v. to make again or anew. 
Reina'nd, v. to send or call back. 



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Rern'anent, a. remaining, continuing. 
Rem'ancnt, s. the part remaining. 
Remark', s. observation, notice expressed. 
Remark', v. to note, to observe. 
Remark'able, a. observable, worthy of note. 
Rcmark'ableness, s. the being remarkable. 
Remark'ably, ad. observably, strikingly. 
Remark'er,s.an observer; one that remarks. 
Remar'ry, v. to marry a second time. 
Remas'ticate, v. to chew over again. 
Remastica't ion, s. the act of chewing again. 
Reme'diable, a. capable of remedy. 
Reme'dial, a affording remedy. 
Rein'ediless, a. without remedy 
Rem'edilessness, s. ineurableness. 
Rem'edj-, s. a cure, a medicine ; reparation. 
Rem'edy, v. to cure, to heal ; to repair. 
Remelt', v. to melt a second time. 
Remem'ber, v. to bear in mind, to recollect. 
Remcm'berer, s. one who remembers. 
Remem'brance, s. retention in the memory ; 

power of remembering ; account preserved, 

a memorial. 
Remembrancer, s. one who reminds. 
Rem'igrate, v. to remove back again. 
Remigra'tion, s. a removal back again. 
Remi'nd, v. to put in mind. 
Rcmiiiis'cencc.Rcminis'cency, s. recollection. 
Reminiscen'tial, a. relating to reminiscence. 
Rerai'se, v. in law, to give or grant back. 
Remiss', a. slack, negligent, careless. 
Remiss'ible, a. that may be remitted. 
Remis'sion, s. abatement ; forgiveness. 
Remiss'ly, ad. carelessly, negligently. 
Remissness, s. carelessness, negligence. 
Remit', v. to relax, to abate ; to forgive ; to 

send money to a distant place. 
Remit'tal, s. a remitting, a giving up. 
Remittance, s.z sum sent to a distant place. 
Remit'tent, a. temporarily ceasing. 
Remit'ter, s. one who remits or pardons. 
Rem'nant, s. a residue, what is left. 
Rem'nant, a. remaining, left. 
Rcmod'el, v. to model again or anew. 
Remon'strance, *. a strong representation. 
Remon'strant, a. cxpostulatory. 
Remon'strant, s. one that remonstrates. 
Reraon'strate, v. to show strong reasons 

against something ; to expostulate. 
Remonstra'tion, s. the act of remonstrating. 
Remon'strator, s. one who remonstrates. 
Rem'ora, s. an obstacle ; a fish that sticks to 

the bottoms of ships. 
Remor'se, s. sorrow for a fault, contrition. 
Remors'eful, a. full of remorse. 
Remors'eless, a. cruel, savage, unpitying. 
Remorselessly, ad. without remorse. 
Remors'elessness, s. unpitying cruelty. 
Remo'te, a. distant in place or time. 
Remo'telv, ad. at a distance. 
Remo'teness, s. state of being remote. 
Remo'tion, s. the act of removing. 
Remould', v. to mould or shape anew. 
Remount', v. to mount again. 
Remo'vable, a. that may be removed. 
Remo'val, s. the act of removing; the state 

of being removed. 
Romo've, s. change of place. 
Romo've, v. to put from its place; to change 

place ; to put away ; to plaee at a distance. 
Roino'vedness, s. the being removed. 



Remo'ver, s. one that removes. 

Remu'gient, a. rebellowing. 

Remunerabirity, s. capability of being re- 
munerated or rewarded. 

Remu'nerablc, a. rewardable. 

Remunerate, v. to reward, to requite, te 
recompense, to repay. 

Remunera'tion, s. reward, recompense. 

Remunerative, a. that affords reward. 

Renm'neratory, a. affording recompense. 

Remur'mur, v. to utter back in murmurs. 

Re'nal, a. belonging to the reins. 

Ren'ard, s. a name given to the fox. 

Renas'cency, s. state of being reproduced. 

Rcnas'cent, a. rising or springing anew. 

Renas'cible, a. possible to be produced again. 

Rencoun'ter, s. clash, collision ; personal op- 
position ; sudden combat ; casual engage- 
ment or contest. 

Rend, v. to tear with violence, to lacerate. 

Ren'der, v. to return, to repay ; to translate. 

Rend'er, s. one that rends. 

Ren'derable, a. that may be rendered. 

Ren'doring, s. version, translation. 

Ren'dezvous, s. a meeting appointed ; a place 
of meeting appointed. 

Rendezvous', v. to meet at a place. 

Rend'ible, a. that may be rendered. 

Rendition, s. the act of yielding. 

Ren'cgade, Rencga'do, s. an apostate. 

Rene'ge, v. to refuse, to deny. 

Rener've, v. to give new vigour to. 

Renew', v. to renovate, to repeat. 

Renew'able, a. that may be renewed. 

Renew'al, *. act of renewing; renovation. 

Renew'edness, s. the state of being renewed 

Renew'er, s. one who renews. 

Rencw'ing, s. the act of making new. 

Reni'tence, Reni'tency, s. resistance, reluc- 
tance ; opposition. 

Reni'tent, a. resisting, opposing, repelling. 

Ren'net, s. a kind of apple. See Runnet. 

Renoun'ee, v. to disown, to disclaim. 

Rcnoun'ceiiicnt, s. the act of renouncing. 

Renoun'cer, s. one who disowns or denies. 

Renounc'ing, s. the act of disowning. 

Ren'ovatc, ». to renew, to restore to the hrsrt 
or original state. 

Renova'tion, s. the act of renewing. 

Renown', s. fame, celebrity. 

Renown', v. to make famous. 

Renown'ed, a. famous, celebrated. 

Renown'edly, ad. with eclcbritjr. 

Renown'less, a. without renown ; inglorious. 

Rent, s. a tear, a laceration. 

Rent, v. to tear, to lacerate. 

Rent, s. annual payment for the use of land, 
&e. : v. to hold by (laying rent for. 

Rent'able, a. that may be rented. 

Rent/age, s. money paid as rent. 

Ren'tal, s. schedule or account of rents. 

Rent'charge, s. a charge on an estate. 

Rent'er, s. one that holds by paying rent. 

Rent'roll, s. list of rents or revenues. 

Renuncia'tion, .?. the nc* of renouncing. 

Ren'vorse, a in heraldry, inverted. 

Re-obtain', v. to obtain again. 

Re-ordain', v to ordain again or anew. 

Re-ordina'tion. y. a re-ordaining. 

Re-organ i/a't ion. .v the act of organizing anew. 

Ro-or'ganizc, v. to organize anew. 
M 2 



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244 



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Repa "oify, v. to pacify again, or anew. 
Repack', v. to pack a second time. 
Rc'pair, v. to go to ; to appear at. 
Repair', v. to restore after injury or wear ; to 

amend by an equivalent. 
Repair', s. a reparation, a supply of loss. 
Repair'er, s. an amender, a restorer. 
Ropan'dous, a. bent upwards. 
Rep'arable, a. that may be repairer!. 
Rep'anibly, ad. so as to be reparable. 
Reparation, j. the act of repairing; amends. 
Reparative, a. amending defect or loss. 
Reparative, s. that which repairs. 
Repartee', s. a smart or witty reply. 
Repartee', v. to make smart replies. 
Repass', v. to pass again, to pass back. 
Repast', s. a meal, food : v. to feed. 
Repas'ture, s. food ; entertainment. 
Repay', v. to pay back ; to requite. 
Repay'able, a. that is to be repaid. 
Repay'ment, J. the act of repaying. 
Repeal', v. to recall, to abrogate, to revoke. 
Repeal', s. revocation, abrogation. 
Rcpeal'able, a. capable of being repealed. 
Repeal'cr, s. one who revokes or abrogates. 
Repeat', v. to do or say again ; to recite. 
Repeat', s. a note directing a repetition. 
Repeat'edly, ad. over and over, frequently. 
Repear/er, s. one who repeats ; a watch that 

strikes the hours by pressing a spring. 
Repel', v. to drive back. 
Repcl'lency, s. the principle of repulsion. 
Repel'lent, a. having power to repel : s. 

that which repels. 
Repel'ler, s. one that repels. 
Repent', v. to reflect on with sorrow. 
Repent'ance, s. a penitent sorrow for sins. 
Repentant, a. sorrowful for sin, penitent. 
Repent'ant, J. one who repents of sin. 
Repent'er, s. one who repents. 
Repent'ingly, ad. with repentance. 
Repe'ople, v. to stock with people anew. 
Repe'opling. j. the act of rcpeopling. 
Repercuss', v. to beat or drive back. 
Repercus'sion, s. the act of driving back. 
Repercus'sive, a. driving back, repellent. 
Reperti"tious, a. found, gained by finding. 
Rep'ertory, s. a book of records; a treasury. 
Repetition, s. a recital ; a repeating. 
Repcti"tional, Repeti"tionary, a. containing 

repetitions. 
Repi'ne, v. to fret, to be discontented. 
Repi'ner, j. one that frets or murmurs. 
Repi'ning, s. the act of complaining. 
Repi'ningly, ad. with murmuring. 
Repla'ce, v. to put again in a former place ; 

to remove and put another in the place. 
Replacement, s. the act of replacing. 
Replant', v. to plant again or anew. 
Rcplanta'tion, s. the act of replanting. 
Replead', v. to plead again. 
Replenish, v. to stock, to fill, to complete. 
Reple'te, a. full, completely filled. 
Reple'tion, s. the state of being too full. 
Reple'tivc, a. replenishing, filling. 
Rcple'tively, ad. so as to be filled. 
Replev'iable, a. that may be replevied. 
RepleVin, Replev'y, v. to set at liberty any 

tiling seized, upon security given. 
Replica'tion, s. an answer, a reply. 
Repli'er, s. one who answers. 



Reply', v. to answer, to rejoin. 

Reply', s. an answer ; return to an answer. 

Repol'ish, v. to polish again. 

Repo'rt, v. to carry back as an answer or an 
account of something ; to tell or relate ; 
to noise abroad. 

Repo'rt, s. a rumour ; repute ; a loud noise. 

Repo'rter, 5. one who reports. 

Rcpo'sal, s. the act of reposing. 

Repo'se, s. rest, sleep, quiet, peace. 

Repo'se, v. to lay to rest ; to be at rest ; to 
place as in confidence. 

Repo'sedness, s. state of being at rest. 

Repos'it, v . to lodge as in a place of safety. 

Reposi"tion, s. the act of laying up. 

Repository, s. a storehouse or place where 
any thing is safely laid up. 

Repossess', v. to possess again. 

Reposses'sion, s. the act of possessing again. 

Reprehend', v. to reprove, to blame, to chide. 

Reprehend'er, s. one who reprehends. 

Reprehen'siblc, a. culpable, censurable. 

Reprehen'sibleness, s. blamableness. 

Reprehen'sibly, ad. blamably, culpably. 

Reprehen'sion, s. reproof, open blame. 

Reprehen'sive, a. giving reproof. 

Reprehen'sory, a. containing reproof. 

Represent', v. to exhibit as if the thing were 
present ; to show dramatically ; to describe ; 
to appear or act for another. 

Rcprcscnta'tion, s. the act of representing ; 
a likeness or image ; a description. 

Representative, a. exhibiting likeness ; re- 
presenting another. 

Representative, s. one who represents an- 
other or others: that which shows or re- 
presents something. 

Representatively, ad. by representation. 

Representor, s. one who shows or exhibits. 

Represent'ment, s. an image ; a likeness. 

Repress', v. to crush, to put down, to subdue. 

Repress'er, s. one who represses. 

Repressive, a. able or tending to repress. 

Eeprie've, s. a respite or remission after 
sentence of death. 

Reprie've, v. to respite from punishment. 

Rep'rimand, s. a rebuke, reprehension. 

Repriina'nd, v. to chide, to reprove. 

Re'print, s. a new impression or edition. 

Reprint', v. to print a new edition. 

Repri'sal, s. a seizure by way of retaliation. 

Rcpri'sc, v. to take in retaliation. 

Reproach', v. to censure, to upbraid. 

Reproach', s. censure, shame, disgrace. 

Reproach 'able, a. deserving reproach. 

Rcproach'ful, a. scurrilous, shameful, Tile. 

Repioach'fully, ad. opprobrious! y. 

Rep'robate, a. lost to virtue, abandoned. 

Rcp'robatc, s. an abandoned wretch. 

Rep'robate, v. to disapprove of highly ; to 
reject ; to abandon. 

Rep'robateness, j. state of being reprobate. 

Rep'robatcr, s. one who reprobates. 

Rcproba'tion, s. the act of reprobating; con- 
demnation ; the act of abandoning, or of 
being abandoned to eternal damnation. 

Rcproriu'ce, v. to produce again or anew. 

Roprodu'cer, s. one who produces anew. 

Reproduc'tion, s. the act of producing anew. 

Reproof, s. blame to one's face, rebuke. 

Repro'vabie, a. deserving reproof or blame. 



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RepTo've, v. to blame, to censure, to chide. 

Repro'ver, s one that reproves. 

Repru'ne, v. to prune a second time. 

Rep'tile, a. creeping like a reptile ; grovel- 
ling, base. 

Rep'tile, s. a creeping thing; a mean person. 

Repub'lic, S. a state in which the sovereign 
power is lodged in representatives chosen 
by the people ; a commonwealth. 

Republican, s. one who holds that a com- 
monwealth, without monarchy, is the best 
form of government. 

Republican, a. pertaining to a republic. 

Republicanism, s. attachment to a republican 
form of government. 

Republication, s. a second publication. 

Republic of Letters, the literary world. 

Republish, v. to publish anew. 

Repub'lisher, s. one who republishes. 

Repu'diablc, a. that may be rejected. 

Repu'diate, v. to divorce, to put away. 

Repudiation, s. a divorce ; rejection. 

Repu'gn, v. to oppose, to withstand. 

Repug'nanee, Repugnancy, s. reluctance, 
resistance ; contrariety. 

Repug'nant, a. reluctant, contrary. 

Repug'nantly, ad. with repugnance. 

Repul'lulate, v. to bud again. 

Repul'se, s. a being driven off; a refusal. 

Repul'se, v. to beat back, to drive off. 

Repul'ser, s. one who repulses. 

Repul'sion, *. the act of driving back. 

Repul'sive, a. driving back ; cold, forbidding. 

Repul'siveness, s. the being repulsive. 

Repurchase, ». to buy again, to buy back. 

Repurchase, s. the act of buying again. 

Rep'utable, a. of good repute ; honorable. 

Rep'utableness, s. the being reputable. 

Rep'utably, ad. with good repute. 

Reputa'tion, s. good name ; character. 

Repu'te, v. to think, to reckon, to hold. 

Repu'te, s. character ; reputation. 

Repu'tedly, ad. in common estimation. 

Repu'teless, a. disreputable. 

Request', s. a petition, an entreaty ; demand. 

Request', v. to ask, to solicit, to entreat. 

Request'er, *. a petitioner, a solicitor. 

Requick'en, v. to re-animate. 

Rc'quiem, s. a hymn for the dead ; rest. 

Requi'etory, s. a sepulchre. 

Requi'rable, a. that may be required. 

Requi're, v. to demand, to ask a thing as of 
right ; to claim ; to need. 

Requirement, s. a thing required ; a demand. 

Requi'rer, s. one who requires. 

Req'uisite, a. necessary, needful, proper. 

Req'uisite, *. any thing necessary. 

Req'uisitely, ad. in a requisite manner. 

Req'uisiteness, s. state of being requisite. 

Requisition, s. a demand ; an application. 

Requis'itivc, a. indicating demand. 

Requis'itory, a. sought for, demanded. 

Requi'tal, s. a retaliation ; a recompense. 

Requi'te, v. to repay, to recompense. 

Requi'ter, s. one who requites. 

Resail', v. to sail back. 

Ro'salo, s. a second sale. 

Resalu'to, v. to salute again, or in return. 

Rescind', v. to cut off; to abrogate ajaw. 

Rescis'sion, s a cutting off; an abrogation. 

Rescissory, a. cutting off; abrogating. 



Rescri'be, v. to write back or over again. 

Re'script, s. the edict of an emperor. 

Res'cuable, a. that may be rescued. 

Res'cue, v. to set free from danger or con- 
finement. 

Res'euc, s. a deliverance from restraint, &c 

Res'cuer, s. one that rescues. 

Research', s. an inquiry, diligent search. 

Research', v. to seek and examine. 

Rescarch'er, s. one who makes research. 

Reseat', v. to seat again. 

Resei'ze, v. to seize again. 

Resei'zurc. .s. seizure a second time. 

Resem'blance, s. similitude ; a likeness. 

Resem'ble, v. to be like ; to compare. 

Resend', v. to send back; to send again. 

Resent', v. to take as an affront. 

Resent'er, s. one who resents injuries. 

Resent'ful, a. easily provoked, malignant. 

Resent'ingly, ad. with continued anger. 

Resent'ivc, a. easily excited to resentment. 

Resent'ment, s. a deep sense of injury. 

Reserva'tion, s. something kept back. 

Reser'vative, a. reserving. 

Reser'vatory, s. the place in which any thing 
is reserved or kept. 

Heser'vc, s. a store kept untouched, some- 
thing kept for exigence ; something kept 
back ; caution ; coolness. 

Reser've, v. to keep in store, to retain, to 
lay up for a future time. 

Reser'ved, a. not frank or communicative ; 
sullen ; cool ; modest. 

Reser'vedly, ad. with reserve ; coldly. 

Reser'vedness, s. want of frankness. 

Rcser'ver, s. one who reserves. 

Res'ervoir, s. a place for keeping something 
in store, generally water ; a cistern. 

Reset'tle, v. to settle again. 

Reset'tlement, s. the act of settling again. 

Reship', v. to ship or load again. 

Res'iance, *. residence, abode, dwelling. 

Res'iant, a. dwelling in a place. 

Resi'de, v. to live in a place ; to subside. 

Res'idence, s. place of abode, a dwelling. 

Rcs'ident, a. dwelling in a place. 

Res'ident, s. an inhabitant ; a minister or 
agent at a foreign court. 

Residen'tiary, a. having a residence ; one 
who keeps a certain residence. 

Resi'der, s. one who resides in a place. 

Resid'ual, a. relating to the residue. 

Resid'uary, a. entitled to the residue of pro- 
perty, as, a residuary legatee. 

Res'idue, *. the remaining part, what is left. 

Resid'uum, [Lat.] s. that which remains 
when the rest is drawn off. 

Resi'gn, v. to give or yield up, to submit. 

Resigna'tion, s. act of resigning; submission. 

Resign'ed. a. calmly submissive. 

Resign'edly, ad. with resignation. 

Resign'er, s. one who resigns. 

Resign'ment, s. the act of resigning. 

Rcsi'le, v. to start or spring back. 

Resil'icnce, Rcsil'loney, s. a leaping back. 

Resil'ient, a. starting or springing back. 

Resili"tion, s. the act of springing back. 

Res'in, s. the gum of certain trees. 

Rcs'inous, a. containing resin ; like resin. 

Res'in ousn ess, s. quality of being resinous. 

Resipis'cencc, s. wisdom after the fact. 



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Resist', v. to strive against, to oppose. 
Resistance, s. the act of resisting, opposition. 
Resist'ant, s. that which resists. 
Resist'er, s. one that resists. 
Resistibil'ity, s. the quality of being resis- 
tible ; also, the quality of resisting. 
Resist'ible, a. that may be resisted. 
Resist'ive, a. having power to resist. 
Resist'less, a. that cannot be resisted. 
Resist') ess! y, ad. so as not to be resisted. 
Res'oluble, a. that may be melted. 
Res'olute, a. determined, firm, steady, bold. 
Res'olutely, ad. ueterminately, firmly. 
Res'oluteness, s. state of being resolute. 
Resolution, s. the act of resolving; analysis; 

fixed determination ; firmness. 
Res'olutive, a. having power to dissolve, 
Resol'vable, a. capable of solution. 
Resol've, v. to solve; to analyze ; to clear of 

doubt, to settle an opinion ; to determine 

with one's self: to declare by vote. 
Resol've, s. fixed determination, resolution. 
Resol'vedly, ad. with firmness of purpose. 
Resol'vedness. s. resolution ; firmness. 
Resol'vent, a. having power to dissolve. 
Resol'vent, a - , that which has the power of 

causing solution. 
Resol'ver, s. one who. or that which resolves. 
Resol'ving, s. the act of resolving. 
Res'onance, s. a return of sound ; an echo. 
Res'onant, a. resounding, echoing. 
Resorb', v. to swallow up. 
Resorb'ent, a. swallowing up. 
Resort', v. to have recourse ; to go, to repair. 
Resort'.*, an assemblage ; a place frequented. 
Resort'er, s. one that frequents or visits. 
Resound', s. return of sound, echo. 
Resound', v. to echo ; to celebrar en 
Resour'ce, s. any source of aid or support ; 

an expedient. 
Resour'celess, a. without resource. 
Resow', v. to sow again. 
Respect', v . to regard, to esteem ; to have 

relation to : s. regard, reverence ; view ; 

relation ; motive. 
Respectability, Respect'ableness, s. the state 

or quality of being respectable. 
Respect'abie, a. deserving of respect. 
Respect'ably, ad. so as to merit respect. 
Respect'er, s. one who has partial regard. 
Respect' ful, a. full of respect; ceremonious. 
Respect' fully, ad. with a degree of reverence. 
Respect'fulness. .?. quality of being respectful. 
Respective, a. particular ; relative. 
Respectively, ad. particularly ;. relatively. 
Respect'less, a. having no respect. 
Resper'se, v. to disperse in small drops. 
Resper'sion, s. the act of sprinkling. 
Respi'rable, a. that can be respired. 
Respira'tion, s. the aet of breathing ; relief. 
Respi'ratory, a. having power to respire. 
Respi're, v. to breathe ; to rest from toil. 
Res'pite, s. a reprieve, pause, interval. 
Res'pite. v. to suspend a sentence. 
Resplen'dence, Resplen'dency, s. lustre, 

brightness, great effulgence. 
Resplen'dent, a. shining, bright. 
Resplen'dently, ad. brightly, splendidly. 
Respond', s. a short anthem. 
Respond', v. to answer, to correspond. 
Respon'dent, a. answering. 



Respondent, s. one who a7)STrers in a suit. 

Respon'sal, «. answerable, responsible. 
i Respon'se, s. an alternate answer, a reply. 
I Responsibility, Respon'sibleness, *. state of 

being accountable or answerable for. 
I Respon'sible, a. answerable, accountable. 
j Respon'sive, Respon'sory, a. answering. 
| Respon'sory, s. an answer, a response. 
j Rest,*, cessation of motion or labour ; repose, 
sleep, quiet, peace ; death ; a support or 
prop; that which is left, the remainder. 
j Rest, v. to cease from motion or labour ; t» 

repose ; to lean on ; to remain with. 
I Restag'nant, a. standing without Mow. 
I Restag'nate, v. to stand without flow. 
| Restaura'tion, s. the act of restoring to the 

former state. 
I Restem', v. to force back against the current. 
j Restful, a. quiet, being at rest. 
! Rest'fully, ad. in a state of quiet. 
I Res'tiff, Res'tive, a. unwilling to stir or g« 

forward ; stubborn. 
I Restinc'tion, s. the aet of extinguishing. 
I Rest'ing-place, s. a place of rest. 
j Res'titute. v . to recover to a former state. 
, Restitu'tion, s. the act of restoring or indem- 
nifying ; indemnification. 
i Restitu'tor, s. one who makes restitution. 

Res'tiveness, s. obstinate reluctance. 
I Rest'less, a. unquiet, sleepless. 
1 Rest'Iessly, ad. without rest ; unquietly. 
j Rcst'lessncss, s. state of being restless. 
' Resto'rable, a. that may be restored. 

Restora'tion, a\ the act of restoring or re- 
placing in a former state. 

Resto'rative, a. having power to restore. 

Resto'rative, s. a restorative medicine. 

Resto're, v. to give back, to bring back, to 
replace ; to revive, to cure. 

Resto'rer, s. one that restores or repairs. 

Restrain', v. to withhold, repress, limit. 

Restrain'able, a. that may be restrained. 

Restrain'edly. ad. with restraint. 

Restrain'er, s. one that restrains. 

Restraint', s. the act of restraining; state o# 
being restrained ; that which restrains. 

Restrict', v. to limit, to confine. 

Restriction, 5. confinement, limitation. 

Restrictive, a. imposing limitation. 

Restric'tively. ad. with limitation. 

Restrin'ge, v. to confine, to bind. 

Restrin'gency, s. the power of contracting. 

Restrin'gent, a. having power to bind. 

Restrin'gent. s. an astringent medicine. 

Restri've, v. to strive again or anew. 

Resubjec'tion, s. a second subjection. 

Resubli'me, v. to sublime a second time. 

Result', v. to leap back ; to spring or pro- 
ceed from as a consequence or effect. 

Result', s. an effect produced, consequence 

Resul'tance, s. the act of resulting. 

Resu'mable. a. that may be resumed. 

Resu'me. v. to take back, to begin again. 

Resum'mon, v. to summon again, to recall. 

Resumption, s. the act of resuming. 

Resumptive, a. taking back. 

Resupina'tion, s. a lying on the back. 

Resu'pine, a. lying on the back. 

Resurrection, *. revival from the dead. 

Resurvey', v. to review or survey again. 

Resur'vey, s. a second survey. 



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Resus'citate, v. to stir up again ; to revive. 

Resuscitation, s. the act of resuscitating. 

Resus'citative, a. raising from death to life. 

Retail', v. to divide into, or sell, in small 
quantities, or at second hand. 

Re'tail, s. sale by small quantities. 

Retail'er, s. one who retails. 

Retain', v. to keep hack ; to keep in posses- 
sion ; to keep in pay. 

Retain'cr, s. an adherent, a dependent; a 
fee to retain or secure counsel. 

Reta'ke, v. to take again. 

Reta'ker, s. one who takes again. 

Reta'king, s. a taking again, a recapture. 

Retaliate, v. to return, to repay, to requite. 

Retaliation, s. return of like for like. 

Retaliatory, a. returning like for like. 

Retard', v to hinder, to delay, to put off. 

Retarda'tion, s. the act of delaying. 

Retard'er, s. a hindcrer, an obstructer. 

Retard'ment, s. the act of retarding. 

Retch, v. to make an effort to vomit. 

Reten'tion, j. the act or power of retaining ; 
the memory. 

Reten'tive, a. having power to retain. 

Reten'tiveness, s. the faculty of retention. 

Ret'icence, s. concealment by silence. 

Ret'icle, s. a small net. 

Retic'ular, a. having the form of a net. 

Retic'ulated, a. made of net-work. 

Retic'ulation, s. net-work. 

Ket'icule, s. a small bag of net-work ; a small 
bag or purse to be carried in the hand. 

Ret'iform, a. having the form of a net. 

Ret'ina, s. that part of the eye which receives 
the image of the object in vision. 

Ret'inue, s. a train of attendants. 

Reti're, v. to withdraw, to retreat. 

Reti're, s. retreat, place of privacy. 

Reti'red, a. secret, solitary, private. 

Reti'redly, ad in solitude, in privacy. 

Reti'redness, s. solitude, privacy. 

Retirement, s. the act of withdrawing ; pri- 
vate abode , private way of life. 

Retort', v. to throw back ; to return an argu- 
ment or censure ; to make a severe reply : 
,v. the return of a censure or incivility ; a 
glass with a bent neck. 

Retort'er, s. one that retorts. 

Retort'ing, s. act of casting back censure. 

Retor'tion, s. the act of retorting. 

Retoss'. v. to toss or throw back again. 

Retouch', v. to improve by new touches. 

Retra'ce, v. to trace back or over again. 

Retrac t, v. to draw back, to recall, to unsay. 

Retrac'tnte, v. to unsay, to recant. 

Retraeta'tion, s. disavowal, recantation. 

Retrac'tible, a that may 1 e drawn back. 

Retrae'tion, s. a retractation. 

Retrac'tive, a. withdrawing, taking from. 

Retrac'tive, s. that which withdraws. 

Retreat', v. to retire; to take shelter; s. the 
act of retreating ; a place of safety ; a 
state of privacy. 

Retrench', v. to cut or lop off, to lessen or 
reduce, to limit or abridge. 

Retrenchment, s a reduction of expense. 

Retrib'ute, v. to pay back, to requite. 

IWrib'utor, s. otic that makes retribution. 

Retribu'tion, s. a repayment ; a requital. 

Retrib ulivc, a. repaying, requiting. 



Retrib'utory, a. retributive. 

Retrie've, v. to recover, to repair, to regain. 

Retrie'vable. a. that may bo retrieved. 

Retro-ac'tive. a. acting or going backwards. 

Retroac'tively, ad. by returned action. 

Retroce'de, v. to go backwards. 

Retrocession, s. the act of going back. 

Retrograda'tion, s. a going backward. 

Ret'rograde, a. going backward. 

Ret'rograde. v. to go backward. 

Retrogres'sion, s. the act of going backward. 

Retrogressive, a. moving backward. 

Retropul'sive, a. driving back, repelling. 

Retror'sely, ad. in a backward direction. 

Ret'rospect, v. a looking back on things past. 

Retrospection, s. a looking back on the past. 

Retrospective, a. looking backward. 

Retrospec'tiveJy, ad. b\ way of retrospect. 

Retroversion , s. a turning backward. 

Ret'rovert, v. to turn back. 

Retru'de, v. to thrust back. 

Refund', v. to blunt, to turn the edge of. 

Return', v. to come or go back ; to give or 
send back ; to retort ; to repay. 

Return', s. the act of coming back, the r.et 
of returning; that which is returned; 
profit ; repayment ; requital ; relapse. 

Returnable, a. that may be returned. 

Return'er, s. one who returns. 

Return'ine-officer, s. an officer who makes 
returns of writs, &c. 

Return'less, a. admitting no return. 

Re-u'nion, s. a second union, a reuniting. 

Rc-uni'te, v . to unite again, to reconcile. 

Re-uni"tion, s. the act of joining again. 

Revaluation, s. a fresh valuation. 

Reveal', ». to disclose, to discover, to make 
known ; to impart from heaven. 

Reveal'er, *. one who reveals. 

Revcal'ment, s. the act of revealing. 

Re veil') e, or Reveille', [Fr.] s. the morning 
beat of drum fjr rising. 

Rev'el, v. to carouse, to feast with jollity. 

Rev'el, s. a carouse, a jovial feast. 

Revel', v. to retract, to draw back. 

Revela'tion, s. the act of revealing; that 
which is revealed; a disclosure from hea- 
ven ; the apocalypse of Saint John. 

Rev'eller, s. one who feasts with jollity. 

Rev'elling. s. loose jollity, revelry. 

Rev'el-rout, *. a mob ; tumultuous mirth. 

Rcv'elry. s. loose jollity, festive mirth. 

Reven'ge, s. return of an injury or affront. 

Reven'ge, v. to return an injury, to wreak 
wrongs, to take vengeance 

Pevcn'geful, a. vindictive, given to revenge 

Reven'gefully, ad. vindictively. 

Reven'gefulness, s. vindictivencss. 

Reven'geless, a. unrevenged. 

Reven'gement, s. return of an injury. 

Reven'ger, s. one who takes revenge. 

Reven'gingly, ad. vindictively. 

Rev'enue, s. an income ; annual profits. 

Rever'berant, a. beating back ; resounding. 

Rever'bcrate, v. to beat back ; to resound. 

Reverbera'tion, s. the act of reverberating. 

Rever'beratory, a. beating back : returning. 

Rever'beratory, s. a reverberating furnace, 
contrived to throw back the heat. 

Reve're, it. to love, fear, and honor ; to ven- 
erate, to reverence. 



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Rev'erence, s. veneration ; a bow or courtesy ; 
a title given to the clergy. 

Rev'erence, v. to regard with reverence. 

Rev'erencer, 5. one who pays reverence. 

Rev'erend, a. deserving reverence ; a title 
given to the clergy. 

Rev'en-nt, «. showing reverence; humble. 

Reveren'tial, a. expressing Teverence. 

Reveren'tially. ad. with show of reverence. 

Rev'crently, ad. with reverence. 

Reve'rer, s. one who venerates or reveres. 

Reverie'. Rev'ery, s. a fit of wandering 
thought or deep musing. 

Reversal, s. a change of sentence. 

Rever'sal, a. implying reverse. 

Rever'se, v. to turn upside down ; to turn or 
change to the contrary ; to subvert : s. 
change, vicissitude ; the opposite side. 

Rever'sed, p. and a. inverted ; opposite. 

Revcr'sodly, ad. in a reversed manner. 

Rever'seless, a not to be reversed. 

Rever'sely, ad. on the opposite side. 

Rever'sible, a. that may be reversed. 

Rever'sion, s. the returning of property to 
the former owner or his heirs, after the 
death of the present possessor ; right of | 
succession. 

Rcver'sionary, a. having a right to be en- 
joyed in reversion or succession. 

Rever'sioner, s. one who has a reversion. 

Revert', v. to turn back, to return ; to charge. 

Revert'ible, a. that may be returned. 

Rcvert'ive, a. turning to the contrary. 

Reves't, v. to re-invest ; to clothe again. 

Reves'tiary, s. a place for vestments. 

Rcvic'tion, s. return to life. 

Revict'ual, v. to stock with victuals again. 

Review', v. to view again, to survey, to exa- 
mine again ; to examine critically. 

Review', s. a seeond or repeated view ; a 
military inspection : a critical examination 
of a book ; a periodica, publication for 
reviewing books. 

Review'er, s. one who reviews. 

Revig'orate, v. to add new vigour. 

Revile, v. to reproach, to abuse, to vilify. 

Revi'lement, *. contumelious language. 

Revi'ler, s. one who reviles another. 

Revi'ling, s. the act of reproaching. 

Revi'lingly. ad. in an opprobrious manner. 

Revi'sal, Revision, s. the act of revising. 

Revi'se, v. to review, and, where necessary, 
to correct and amend : s. a re-examination ; 
a second or further proof of a printed 
sheet for correction. 

Revi'ser, s. one who revises. 

Revis'it. v. to visit again or a second time. 

Revisita'tion, s. the act of revisiting. 

Revi'val, s. restoration to life or as to life. 

Revi've, v. to bring to life again ; to recover 
new life or vigour ; to rouse. 

Revi'vcr, s. he who, or that which revives. 

Reviv'ificate, v. to recall to life. 

Revivifica'tion, s. the act of recalling to life. 

Reviv'ify, v. to recall to life. 

Revi'ving, a. giving new life. 

Revivis'cence, Revivis'ccncy, s. renewal of 
life or of existence. 

Revivis'cent, a. reviving, restoring life. 

Rcvi'vor. s. the revival of a suit at law. 

Rev'ocable, a. that mav be revoked. 



Rev'ocabieness, s. the being revocable. 

Relocate, v. to recall, to call back. 

Revocation, s. the act of recalling : a re- 
peal, a reversal. 

Revo'ke, v. to call back, to reverse ; to re- 
peat ; at whist, not to follow suit. 

Revo'ke, s. the act of revoking at cards. 

Revo'kement, s. revocation, repeal, recall. 

Revolt', v. to turn from one to another ; to 
renounce allegiance ; to shock : s. deser- 
tion, change of sides. 

Revolt'er, s. one who revolts, a renegade. 

Rev'oluble, a. capable of revolving. 

Revolution, j. rotation or circular motion ; 
motion back or to the point of commence- 
ment ; a complete change in the state or 
government of a country. 

Revolutionary, a. originating in a revolu- 
tion ; anarchical. 

Revolutionist, s. a favorer of revolutions. 

Revolutionize, v. to change the government 
of any state or country. 

Revol've, v. to roll or turn round, to perform 
a revolution ; to turn in the mind, to me- 
ditate on. 

Revol'vency, s. constant revolution. 

Revom'it, v. to vomit again. 

Rcvul'sion, s. the act of drawing back. 

Revul'sive, a. having the power of revulsion. 

Revul'sive, *. that which draws back. 

Reward', v. to recompense, to requite. 

Reward', s. recompense, requital. 

Reward'able, a. worthy of Teward. 

Reward'ableness, s. worthiness of reward. 

Reward'er, s. one who rewards. 

Reword', v. to repeat word for word. 

Rewri'te, v. to write a second time. 

Rhab'arbarate, a. tinctured with rhubarb. 

Rhabdol'ogy, s. the computing by rods. 

Rhab'domancy, s. divination by a wand. 

Rhap'sodist, s. one who writes rhapsodies. 

Rhapsodical, a. unconnected, wild. 

Rhap'sody, *. rambling, wild, and uncon- 
nected writings or speech. 

Rhen'ish, *. a kind of German wine. 

Rhet'oric, s. the art of speaking with pro 
priety, elegance, and force ; the science of 
oratory ; the power of persuasion. 

Rhetor'ical, a. pertaining to rhetoric. 

Rhetorically, ad. in a rhetorical manner. 

Rhetori"cian, s. one skilled in rhetoric. 

Rheum, s. a thin watery humor secreted by 
the mucous glands; an inflammatory action 
of certain glands, as in a cold. 

Rheumat'ic, a. pertaining or tending to 
rheumatism. 

Rheu'matism, s. a painful disease, usually 
affecting the joints or limbs. 

Rheu'my, a. full of sharp moisture or rheum. 

Rhino"ceros, *. a large beast of the East 
Indies, with a horn on his nose. 

Rho'dian, a. pertaining to the island of 
Rhodes. 

Rhodi'tes, s. a precious stone of a rose-color. 

Rho'dium. s. a newly-discovered white metal, 
found in crude platina. 

Rhododen'dron, s. a flowering shrub. 

Rho'donite, s. a kind of reddish mineral. 

Rhomb, s. an oblique-angled parallelogram. 

Rhoni'bic, a. shaped like a rhomb. 

Rhom'boid, s. a figure like a rhomb. 



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249 



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Rhomboid'al, a. like a rhomb. 

Rhomb'-spar, s. a grayish-white mineral. 

Rhu'barb, s. a medicinal purgative root. 

Rhubarb'ine, j. a vegetable substauce ob- 
tained from rhubarb. 

Rhumb, s. a vertical circle of any given 
place ; a point of the compass. 

Rhumb'-line, s. a kind of compass line. 

Rhyme, s. similarity of sound at the ends of 
verses ; harmonical succession of sounds ; 
a word chiming with another word ; poetry, 
a poem. 

Rhyme, v. to agree in sound ; to make verses. 

Rhy'mcloss, a. destitute of rhyme. 

Rhy'mcr, Rhy'mester, s. a versifier. 

Rhythm, s. metre, verse, numbers; in music, 
the flow and proportion of sounds. 

Rhyth'mical, a. harmonical, musical. 

Ri ant, [Fi\] a. laughing, smiling, gay. 

Rib, s. a bone in the side of an animal; a 
piece of timber in the side of a ship ; a 
prominent line ; a strip. 

Rib, v. to enclose as by ribs. 

Rib'ald, a. base, mean, coarse, loose. 

Rib'ald, s. a loose, rough, mean wretch. 

Rib'aldry, s. lewd vulgar talk. 

Rib'and, Rib'bon, j. a fillet of silk. 

Rib'bed, a. furnished or marked with ribs. 

Rice, s. a kind of esculent grain. 

Rich, a. wealthy, opulent, sumptuous, valu- 
able ; fertile, copious. 

Rich'es, s.pl. plenty of money or possessions. 

Rich'ly, ad. with riches ; splendidly. 

Rich'ness, s. opulence, splendor; fertility. 

Rick, s. a pile or heap of corn, hay, &c. 

Rick'ets, s. a disease in children, by which 
the joints grow knotty and the limbs un- 
even or disproportioned. 

Rick'ety, a. diseased with the rickets. 

Rid, v. to set free, to clear ; to drive away. 

Rid'dance, s. deliverance, disencumbrance. 

Rid'dle, s. a coarse sieve for sifting. 

Rid'dle, v . to sift or separate by a riddle. 

Rid'dle, s. an enigma, any thing puzzling. 

Rid'dle, v. to unriddle, to solve. 

Rid'dler, s. one who speaks in riddles. 

Rid'dlingly, ad. in the manner of a riddle. 

Ride, s. an excursion on horseback or in a 
vehicle ; a road or place to ride in : v. to 
travel on horseback or in a vehicle. 

Ri'der. s. one who rides ; an after-clause to 
a bill while pending in parliament. 

Ridge, v. the upper part of the back; the 
top of a roof or slope ; a strip of ground 
thrown up by a plough ; a wrinkle. 

Ridge, v. to form a ridge, to wrinkle. 

Rid'gel, Rid'geling, s. a beast half castrated. 

Rid'gy, a. rising in a ridge. 

Rid'icule, s. wit that provokes laughter. 

Rid'icule, v. to expose to laughter. 

Rid'iculer, s. one that ridicules. 

Ridic'ulous, a. fit to be laughed at. 

Ridic'ulously, ad. in a ridiculous manner. 

Ridic'ulousness. s. the being ridiculous. 

Ri'cling, s. a district, one of the three divi- 
sions of Yorkshire. 

Ri'dinghabit, s. a riding-dress for a lady. 

Ri'dinghood, s. a hood used when riding. 

Ri'ding-house, Ri'ding-school, s. a place in 
which the art of riding is taught. 

Ridot'to, [It.] J. a musical entertainment. 



Rife, a. prevalent, abounding. 
Rifely, ad. prevalently, abundantly. 
Ri'fencss, s. prevalence, abundance. 
Riffraff, s. the refuse of any thing. 
Ri'fie, s. a gun having the inside of the bar- 
rel grooved, calculated for deadly aim. 
Ri'fie, v. to rob, to pillage, to plunder. 
Ri'fteman, s. a soldier armed with a rifle. 
Ri'fier, *. one who rifles, a robber. 
Rift, s. a cleft, a fissure, a split. 
Rift, v. to rive, to split, to cleave. 
Rig, s. a wanton ; a trick ; a joke : v. to 

play the wanton ; to play tricks. 
Rig, v. to dress ; to fit with tackling. 
Rigadoon', s. a kind of French dance. 
Riga tion, s. the act of watering. 
Rig'ger, s. one that rigs or dresses. 
Rigging, s. the sails and tackling of a ship. 
Rig'gish, a. wanton, lewd. 
Right, a. straight, direct ; upright, just, 

proper, fit, suitable ; not the left. 
Right, ad. in a right manner ; in a straight 

line; justly, properly; very. 
Right, s. that which is right ; justice ; just 

claim; privilege, prerogative. 
Right, v. to set right, to relieve from wrong. 
Right, int. correctly ! justly ! 
Right'eous, a. just, virtuous, equitable. 
Right'eously, ad. uprightly, honestly. 
Right'eousness, s the being righteous. 
Right'er, s. one who does justice. 
Right' ful, a. having a just claim, honest. 
Right'fully, ad. according to right. 
Rightfulness, s. moral rectitude. 
Right'ly, ad. properly, honestly, exactly. 
Right'ness, s. rectitude ; straightness. 
Ri"gid, a. stiff ; severe, sharp, cruel. 
Rigid'ity, s. stiffness, inflexibility. 
Ri"gidly, ad. inflexibly, severely. 
Ri"gidness, s. rigidity ; severity. 
Rig'marole, s. a repetition of senseless woi da. 
Rig'orous, a. strict, exact; severe, harsh. 
Rig'orously, ad. strictly ; severely, harshly. 
Rig'orousness. s.the quality of being rigorous. 
Rig'our, s. stiffness, strictness, severity. 
Rill, s. a small brook or streamlet. 
Rill, v. to run in small streams. 
Rim, a border, a margin, an edge. 
Rime, s. a hoar frost or dew frozen. 
Rim'ple, s. a wrinkle, a fold. 
Rim'ple, v. to wrinkle, to pucker. 
Rim'pling, s. undulation. 
Ri'my, a. abounding with rime. 
Rind, s. bark, husk : v. to husk, to bark. 
Ring, s. a circle ; a circle of gold or other 

material worn as an ornament. 
Ring, v. to fit with a ring ; to encircle. 
Ring, v. to sound a bell ; to sound as a bell ; 

to tinkle ; to resound. 
Ring, s. the sound of a bell. 
Ring'-bolt, 5. a bolt with a ring to it. 
Ring'bone, s. a callous or hard swelling in 

the pastern of a horse. 
Rmg'dove, 5. a kind of pigeon. 
Ring'er, s. one who rings. 
Ring'ing, s. a tinkling sound; the art of 

producing harmony from bells. 
Ringleader, s. the head of a riotous mob. 
Ring'let, s. a small ring; a curl. 
Ringstreaked, a. circularly streaked. 
Ring'tail, s. a kind of kite. 

M 3 



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Ring y worm, s. a circular totter, a disease. 
Rinse, v. to cleanse by washing ; to clear of 

the soap used in washing linen. 
Ri'ot, s. a tumult, an uproar; noisy festivity. 
Ri'ot, v . to raise an uproar, to revel. 
Ri'oter, s. one who makes a riot. 
Ri'oting, 5. a rint, a revelling. 
Ri'otous, a. disposed to riot, turbulent. 
Ri'otously, ad. in a riotous manner. 
Ri'otousness, s. state of being riotous. 
Rip, s. a laceration, a rent. 
Rip, v . to tear, to lacerate ; to cut open. 
Ripe, a. brought to perfection, as fruit ; 

ready or proper for use ; complete. 
Ri'pely, ad. maturely ; at the fit time. 
Ri'pon, v. to grow ripe, to mature. 
Ri'peness, s. maturity, perfection, fitness. 
Rip'por, s. one who rips or lacerates. 
Rip'plc, s. a curl or agitation on the surface 

of water : v. to curl or agitate the surface 

of water. 
Rip'pling, s noise, as of water agitated. 
Rise, v. to get up, to ascend ; to grow ; to 

increase ; to spring : s. the act of rising ; 

ascent, elevation ; increase ; source, origin, 

beginning. 
Ri'ser, s. one who rises. 
Risibil'ity, s. the facility of laughing. 
Ris'ible, a. having the power of laughing ; 

exciting laughter. 
Ri'sing, 5. act of getting up ; an elevation, 

a tumor ; an insurrection. 
Risk, s. hazard, danger, chance of harm. 
Risk, v. to hazard, to put to chance. 
Risk'cr, s. ae who risks or hazards. 
Rite, s. a solemn act of.rcligion ; a ceremo- I 

Ttial observance. 
Ritornel'lo, [Ital.] s. the return or burden | 

of an air or song. 
Rit'ual, a. pertaining to or prescribing rites 
Rit'ual, s. a book of religious ceremonies-. 
Rit'nalist, s. one skilled in the ritual. 
Rit'ually, ad. by rites. 
Riv'age, s. a bank ; a coast or shore. 
Ri'val, s. a competitor : v. to emulate ; to b< 

competitors : a. emulous. 
Rival'ity, s. rivalry; equal rank. 
Ri'valry, s. competition, emulation. 
Ri'valsiiip, s. state or character of a rival. 
Rive, v. to split, to cleave, to rend. 
Riv'el, v. to contract, into wrinkles. 
Riv'cr, s. a large stream of water. 
Ri'ver, *. one who splits or cleaves. 
Riv'er-dragon, s. a crocodile. 
Riv'eret, s. a small stream ; a rill. 
Ri.'cr-god, s. the tutelar deity of a river. 
Riv'er-horse, s. the hippopotamus. 
Riv'er- water, s. the water of a river. 
Riv'et, s. a nail or pin clenched at both ends. | 
Riv'ct, v. to fasten with rivets. 
Riv'ulct, s. a small river, a brook. 
Rixa'tion, s. a brawl or quarrel. 
Rix-dol'lar, S. a German coin, value 4*. Gd. | 
Roach, s. the name of a fresh-water fish. 
Road, 5. an open way ; a public passage or 

thoroughfare ; a roadstead or place for ships 

to anchor in. 
Ruad'stead, $■ a place for ships to anchor in. | 
Road'ster, J. a horse used to travelling. 
Road'way, s. the public road, the highway. | 
Roam, v. to wander, to ramble, to rove. ; 



Roam'er, s. a rambler, a wanderer. 

Roam'ing, v. the act of wandering. 

Roan, a. ot a color between bay and sorrel. 

Roan, s. leather resembling morocco. 

Roan'-tree, s. the mountain ash. 

Roar, v. to make a loud noise. 

Roar, s. the cry of a wild beasi ; an outcry 

of distress; a loud noise. 
Roar'er, s. a noisy fellow ; a term applied to 

a broken-winded horse. 
Roar'ing, s. the cry of a wild beast ; outcry 

of distress ; sound of the wind or sea. 
Roast, v. to dress meat by exposing it to th« 

fire ; to parch, to scorch, to heat to excess; 

to banter severely. 
Roast, s. any thing roasted : a. roasted. 
Roast'er, s. one who roasts ; a gridiron. 
Roast'ing, s. a severe bantering. 
Rob, v. to steal openly, to plunder. 
Rob'ber, s. one that robs, a plunderer. 
Rob'bery, s. theft by force ; theft. 
Robe, s. a gown or dress of state. 
Robe, v. to put on a robe ; to invest. 
Rob'ert, s. the herb stork-bill. 
Rob'in, s. a small bird with a red breast, 
Robin-good'fellow, J. a sprite, a goblin. 
Rob'orant, a. strengthening. 
Robo'rean, Robo'reous, a. very strong. 
Robust', a. strong, sinewy, vigorous. 
Robus'tious, a. vigorous, boisterous. 
Robus'tiously, ad. boisterously. 
Robustness, s. strength ; vigour. 
Roc, s. a fabulous bird of the East. 
Roc'ambole, s. a kind of wild garlic. 
Roch'ct, s. a kind of surplice. 
Rock, s. a vast mass of stone ; a defence. 
Ruck, v. to move backwards and forward^ 

to shake ; to lull to sleep. 
Rock'-basin, s. a basin cut in a rock for 

Druidical rites. 
Rock'-butter, s. a subsulphate of alumina 

which oozes from certain rocks. 
Rock'-crystal, *. the finest kind of quartz. 
Rock'doe, s. a species of deer. 
Roek'er, 3. he who, or that which rocks. 
Rock'et, s. an artificial firework. 
Rock'et, s. a plant, eruca. 
Rock'iness, s. state of being rocky. 
Rock'ing, s. state of being shaken by alter- 
nate motions to and fro. 
Rock'less, a. being without rocks. 
Rock'-oil, s. petroleum or petrol. 
Rock'-pigcort, *. a pigeon which builds in, 

and frequents rocks. 
Rock'rose, s. a species of rose. 
Rockru'by, s. a sort of garnet. 
Rock'salt, s. a mineral salt. 
Rock'wood, s. ligniform asbestos. 
Rock'work, s a building imitating rocks. 
Roek'y, a. full of r0«ks ; hard, stony. 
Rod, s. a twig; an instrument of correction ; 

a long slender stick ; the length of 05 yards. 
Rod'omont. s a vain boaster : a. bragging. 
Rodomonta'de,^. empty noisy bluster or rant. 
Rodomonta'de,?/. to brag or boast, to bluster. 
Rodomonta'dist, 5. one who brags. 
Roc, *. the roebuck, a. small species of deer ; 

also, the female of the hart. 
Roe, s. the eggs or spawn of fishes. 
Ro'ebuck, ,v. a small species of deer, the ree. 
Roga'tion, s. litany, supplication. 



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Roga'tion-weck, s. the second week preced- 
ing Whitsunday. 

Rogue, s. a vagabond, a knave ; a wag. 

Rogue, v. to play knavish tricks. 

Ro'guery, s. knavery ; waggery. 

Ro'gueship, s. the qualities of a rogue. 

Ro'guish. a. fraudulent, knavish; waggish. 

Ro'guishly, ad. knavishly ; waggishly. 

Ro'guishness, s. the qualities of a rogue. 

Roist, Rois'ter, v. to bluster, to bully. 

Rois'ter, s. a turbulent, blustering fellow. 

Roll, v. to move or turn circularly, to revolve, 
to run on wheels ; to smoothe with a roller ; 
to move as waves ; to wrap or infold. 

Roll, s. the act of rolling; a mass made 
round; a register, catalogue; the sound of 
a drum ; a part in a play. 

Roll'er, s. that which rolls or is rolled; a 
heavy cylinder for rolling walks ; a ban- 
dage, a fillet. 

Roll'ing-pin, s. a round smooth piece of wood 
for moulding paste. 

Roll'ing-press, s. a machine consisting of ono 
cylinder rolling on another. 

Ro'llv-pooly, s. a kind of game with a ball. 

Ro'man, a. belonging to Rome, papal. 

Ro'man, s. a native of Rome. 

Roman'ce, s. a fable, a fiction, a lie. 

Roman'ce, v. to forge, to fable. 

Roman'cer, s. a writer of romances. 

Ro'manism, s. tenets of the Church of Rome. 

Ro'man ist, s. a Roman Catholic. 

llo'manize, v. to Latinize ; to convert to 
Roman Catholic opinions. 

Roman'tic, a. wild, fanciful, improbable. 

Roman'tically, ad. wildly, extravagantly. 

Roman 't.icness, s. quality of being romantic. 

Ro'mish, a. belonging to Rome ; papal. 

Romp, s. a rude boisterous girl ; rude play. 

Romp, v. to play rudely and noisily. 

Romp'ing, s. rude or noisy play. 

Romp'ish, a. inclined to or fond of romping. 

Romp'ishncss, s. disposition to romping. 

Ron'deau, s. a name applied to songs which 
end with the first part or strain repeated. 

Ron'dure, s. a round, a circle. 

Ron 'ion, s. a fat bulky woman. 

Rood, s. the fourth part of an acre. 

Rood, s. the holy cross. 

Rood'loft, s. a gallery in the church on which 
the cross was set to view. 

Roof, s. the cover of a house ; the inside of 
the arch that covers a building; the palate 
or upper part of the mouth. 

Roof, v. to cover with a roof. 

Roofing, s. materials for a roof. 

Roofless, a. wanting a roof, uncovered. 

Roof y, a. having roofs. 

Rook, s. the name of one of the pieces at 
the game of chess. 

Rook, s. a species of crow; a rapacious fel- 
low, a cheat : v. to rob, to cheat. 

Rook'ery, s. a nursery of rooks. 

Rook'y, a inhabited by rooks, 

Room, s. space, extent ; place, stead ; an 
apartment in a house. 

Room age, s. space, place. 

Room'ful, a. abounding with room. 

Room'mess, s. state of being roomy. 

Room'y, a. spacious, wide, large. 

Roost, s. a perch on which birds rest. 



Roost, v. to sleep as a bird. 

Root, s. that part of the pi ant which is in tho 

earth and nourishes the parts above ; the 

lower part, the bottom, the origin, the first 

cause: v. to take root: to impress deeply; 

to root out, to destroy. 
Root'bound, a. fixed to the earth by roots. 
Root'ed, a. fixed, deep, radical. 
Root'edly, ad. deeply, strongly. 
Root'er, * one who tears up by the roots. 
Root'let, S. the fibrous part of a root. 
Root'y, a. full of or consisting of roots. 
Rope, s. a thick hempen cord, a halter, a 

cable; a row of things united. 
Rope, v. to use as a rope ; to become ropy. 
Ro'pe-dancer, s. one who dances on ropes. 
Ro'pe-ladder, s. a ladder made of ropes. 
Ro'pe-maker, s. one who makes ropes. 
Ro'pe-making, s. the art of making ropes. 
Ro'pcry, s. a place where ropes are made. 
Ro'pe-walk, s. a place where ropes are mads 
Ro'pe-yarn, s. yarn for ropes. 
Ro'piness, s. state of being ropy. 
Ro'py, a. viscous, glutinous, tenacious. 
Roquelaure, [Fr.] s. a man's cloak. 
Ro'ral, Ro'rid, Ro'ry, a. moist with dew. 
Rosa'ceous, a. composed of several petals 

disposed after the manner of a rose. 
Ro'sary, s. a bed of roses, a chaplet; a string 

of beads on which Roman Catholics count 

their prayers. 
Ros'eid, a. abounding with dew. 
Rose, s. a well-knowto fragrant flower. 
Ro'seal, a. like a rose in smell or color. 
Ro'seate, a. rosy, blooming, fragrant. 
Ro'sebay, s. a plant, the rhododendron. 
Ro'sc-bud. s. an unblown rose. 
Ro'se-bush, s. a rose-tree. 
Ro'seaall, s. an excrescence on the dog-rose. 
Ro'sc-mallow, s. a large kind of mallow. 
Ro'semary, s. rose-marine., a plant. 
Ro'so-quartz, s. a subspecies of quartz. 
Ro'sc-root. s. a plant of the genus Rhodiola. 
Ro'set. s. a red color used by painters. 
Roset'te, s. a riband or other material made 

up in the form of a rose. 
Ro'sc-watcr, s. water distilled from roses. 
Ro'sc-wood, s. a beautiful kind of wood used 

in ornamental furniture. 
Rosicru'eian, s. one of a sect who styled 

themselves brothers of the holy cross : an 

alchymist; a cheat: a. pertaining to a 

Rosierucian. 
Ros'in, Res'in, s. a juice of the pine. 
Ros'in. v. to rub with rosin. 
Ro'siness. .v. state or quality of being rosy. 
Rws'iny, a. resembling rosin. 
Ros'land, s heathv land. 
Ros'sol, s. light land. 
Ros'ter, s. the plan of duty for military 

Rcs'tral, a. having some resemblance to the 

beak of a ship or Tostrum. 
Ros'trated, a. adorned with beaks. 
Ros'trum, s. the beak of a bird; the beak 0/ 

a ship ; a stage or pulpit 
Ro'sv. a. like a rose in bloom, fragrance, &.C. 
Rot, v. to pHtrcfy ; to make putrid. 
Rot. x. putrefaction; a distemper in sheep. 
Rota, s. an ecclesiastical court of Rome. 
Ro'lary, Ro'tatory, a. whirling as a wheel. 



ROT 



RUE 



Ro'tated, a. wheel-shaped ; whirled round. 
Rota'tion, s. the act of turning round like a 

wheel ; regular succession. 
Rota'tor, s. that which gives to any machine 

circular or rolling motion. 
Rote, s. an old instrument played with a 

wheel, a sort of hurdy-gurdy ; a repetition 

of words by memory without attending to 

the meaning ; rotation : v. to fix in the 

memory by mere repetition. 
Rot'ten. a. putrid, corrupt, unsound. 
Rot'tenness, s. state of being rotteD. 
Rot'ten-stone. 5. a soft stone used in polishing. 
Rotund', a. round, spherical. 
Rotun'dity, s. roundness, sphericity. 
Rotun'do, Rotun'da, s. a round building. 
Roue', [Fr.] s. a confirmed rake. 
Rouge, [Fr.]a.red: s. red paint: v. to tinge 

the face with red. 
Rough, a. not smooth, rugged ; harsh ; stormy. 
Rough'-east, s. a rude model ; a kind of 

plaster mixed with pebbles : v. to mould 

rudely; to cover with rough-cast. 
Rough'-draught, s. a sketch, a copy. 
Rough'-draw, v. to draw or trace rudely. 
Rough'en, v. to make or grow rough. 
Rough'-hew, v. to shape rudely or roughly. 
Rough'-hcwn, a. unpolished, rude. 
Roughly, ad. rudely, boisterously, harshly. 
Rough'ness, s. unevenness ; harshness. 
Rough'-shod, a. having the shoes roughened, 

applied to horses. 
Rough'- work, v. to work*coarsely over. 
Rough 'wrought, a. done coarsely. 
Rouleau', [Fr.]s. a little roll ; a roll of coins. 
Rounce, s. the handle of a printing-press. 
Roun'ceval, s. a kind of pea. 
Round, a. circular, spherical ; plump, full ; 

whole, not broken, as a round number, a j 

round sum. 
Round, s. a circle, an orb : a rotation, a rev- I 

olution ; a return to the same point ; the j 

appointed walk of a guard or officer. 
Round, ad. on all sides : prep, circularly ! 

about : v. to make circular or smooth, to I 

grow round in form. 
Round'about, a. indirect ; loose, ample : s. I 

a circular machine on which children ride. ; 
Round'el, Roun'delay, s. a kind of song. 
Round'head, s. a Puritan in the time of 

Cromwell, so called from the practice of 

cropping their hair round. 
Round-hcad'ed, a. having a round top. 
Roundhouse, s. the constable's prison, so 

called from its former usual shape. 
Round'ish, a. somewhat round. 
Round'let, s. a little circle. 
Round'! y, ad. in a round form ; plainly. 
Round'ness, s. rotundity, sphericity. 
Round-rob'in, s. a petition or remonstrance, 

signed by several persons round a ring or 

circle, so as to make it impossible to know 

who signed it first. 
Rouse, v. to wake from slumber ; to excite 

to action or thought. 
Rous'er, s. that which rouses. 
Rous'ing. a. having power to excite. 
Rout, s. the confusion of an army defeated 

and broken up ; a tumultuous multitude ; 

a crowd ; a large crowded evening pa ty. 
Rout, v to break up and put to flight. 



Route, s. a road, way ; march, journey 
Routi'ne, s. round or course of business » 

custom, practice. 
Rove, v. to ramble, to range, to wander. 
Ro'ver, s. a wanderer, a pirate, a fickle man. 
Ro'ving,j.the act of rambling or wandering. 
Row, s. a number of persons or things rauged 

in a line ; a rank, a rile. 
Row, 5. a riotous noise; a drunken debauch. 
Row, v. to impel by oars. 
Row'el, s. the little wheel of a spur formed 

with sharp points; a roll of hair or silk 

put into a wound. 
Row'el, v. to keep open with a rowel. 
Row'er, s. one who manages an oar. 
Row'-lock, 5. that part of a boat's gunwale on 

which the oars rest. 
Roy'al, a. kingly, becoming a king, regal. 
Roy'al, s. the highest sail of a ship ; the 

name of a large sized paper ; a soldier of 

the 1st regiment of foot. 
Roy'alism, s. attachment to royalty. 
Roy'alist, s. an adherent to a king. 
Roy'alize, v. to make royal. 
Roy 'ally, ad. in a kingly manner, regally. 
Roy'alty, s. the state or dignity of a king. 
Rub, v. to wipe, to scour, to polish, to cleanse; 
Rub, s. friction ; hinderance, difficulty. 
Rub'ber, s. one that rubs ; at whist, twu- 

games out of three. 
Rub'bish, s. ruins of buildings ; refuse. 
Rub'blc, s. rubbish ; small stones. 
Rub'ble-stone, s. stone worn by water. 
Rubes'cent, a. of a reddish color. 
Ru'bicel, *. a variety of ruby. 
Ru'bicund, a. ruddy, red. 
Rubicun'dity, *. disposition to redness. 
Ru'bied, a. of a red or ruby color. 
Rubif'ic, a. making red. 
Rubifica'tion, s. the act of making red. 
Ru'bify, v. to make red. 
Rubi"ginous, a. rusty ; mildewed. 
Ru'ble, s. a silver coin of Russia of 2s Id. 
Ru'bric, a. marked with red : s. direction* 

printed in prayer-books and books of law. 
Ru'brical, a. placed in rubrics. 
Ru'bricate, v. to mark with red. 
Rub'stonc, s. a stone to scour or sharpen. 
Ru'by, s. a precious stone of a red color. 
Ru'by, a. of the color of a ruby. 
Ructa'tion, ,s breaking wind upwards, a belch. 
Rud'der, s. the part that steers a ship. 
Rud'dincss, *. state of being ruddy. 
Rud'dlc, s. red earth. 
Rud'dleman, s. one who digs ruddle. 
Rud'dy, a. of a red color. 
Rude, a. untaught, barbarous, uncivil \ 

rough, rugged; harsh. 
Ru'dely, ad. in a rude manner. 
Ru'dcness, s. state or quality of being rude. 
Ru'dimcnt, s. an element or lirst principle ; 

pi. the first elements of a science; the first 

part of education. 
Ru'diment, v. to settle in the rudiments of 

any science, to ground in. 
Rudimen lal, a. relating to first principles. 
Rue, s. sorrow, repentance ; a plant. 
Rue, v. to grmve for, to regret, to lament. 
Rue't'ul, a. mournful, woful, sorrowful. 
Rue'fully, ad. mournfully ; sorrowfully. 
Ruc'fulness, s. sorrow ; mournfulness. 



RUF 



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Ruff, s. a puckered linen ornament formerly 
■worn about the neck. 

Huff, v. to trump at cards. 

Ruffian, a. brutal, savagely boisterous. 

Ruffian, s. a brutal fellow, a robber. 

Ruffian, v. to play the ruffian. 

Ruffianly, a. like a ruffian, brutal. 

Ruffle, v. to wrinkle, to draw into plaits ; to 
put out of order, to discompose : s. linen 
plaited for an ornament of dress. 

Ruffler, s a bully ; a boisterous fellow. 

Ruffling, s. commotion, disturbance. 

Ru't'ous, a, red, reddish. 

Rug, s. a coarse, nappy, woollen clcth or 
coverlet ; a hearth-rug. 

Rug'ged, a. rough, of uneven surface; harsh. 

Rug'gedly, ad. in a rugged manner. 

Rug'gedness, s. roughness; harshness. 

Ru'gine, s. a surgeon's rasp. 

Rugose, a. rough, full of wrinkles. 

Rugos'ity, s. state of being wrinkled. 

Ru'in, j. fall, overthrow, destruction, cala- 
mity ; remains of demolished buildings: j 
v. to demolish, to destroy. 

Ru'inatc, v. to bring ruin upon. 

Ru'iner, s. one that ruins. 

Ru'inous, a. fallen to ruin ; destructive. 

Ru'inously, ad. with ruin, destructively. 

Ru'inousness, s. a ruinous state. 

Rule, .?. government, sway, that by which 
any thing is regulated ; an instrument for 
drawing lines; a principle, a maxim : v. 
to govern, to control ; to mark with lines. 

Ru'ior, s. one who rules, a governor; an in- 
strument by which lines arc drawn. 

Ru'ling, a. having superior influence. 

Rum, s. a spirit distilled from molasses. 

Rum, a. odd, queer (a cant term.) 

Rum'blc, v. to make a low, heavy, continued 
noise, like distant thunder. 

Rum'bling, s. a low. heavy, continued noise. 

Ru'minant, a. chewing the cud. 

Ru'minant, s. an animal that chews the cud. 

Ru'minate, v. to chew the cud ; to think on 
again and again, to muse or meditate on. 

Rumina'tion, s. the act of chewing the cud; 
meditation, reflection. 

Ru'minator, s. one that ruminates. 

Rum'mage, s. the act of rummaging. 

Rum'mage, v. to search among many things 
by tumbling them over. 

Rum'mer, s. a large glass, a drinking-cup. 

Ru'mour, *. flying or popular report. 

Ru'mour, v. to noise or spread abroad. 

Ru'mourer, s. the spreader of news. 

Rump, s. the buttock, the end of the back 
bone ; the fag end of something, which 
lasts longer than the original body, as the 
" Rump Parliament." 

Rum'ple, 5. a rough plait ; a wrinkle. 

Rum'plc, v. to disorder by rumples. 

Run, v. to move swiftly, to flee, to go, to 
pass ; to flow, to melt ; to pierce ; to force 
forward : s. the act of running ; course, 
motion, flow; continued success. 

Run'agate, s. a fugitive, a coward. 

Run'away, s. one that flies from danger. 

Run'dle, s. a round ; the step of a ladder. 

Run'dlet, Run'let, s. a small barrel. 

Rune, s. a Runic letter or character. 

Rung, s. a spar, a timber in a ship's floor. 



Rung. See the verb Ring. 

Ru'nic, «. denoting the letters and language 
of the ancient northern nations. 

Run'ner, s. one who runs ; a shoot. 

Run'net, Ren'net, s. a liquor used to turn 
milk into curds. 

Run'ning, s.ihe act of moving swiftly; a dis- 
charge from a wound or sore. 

Run'ning-fight, s. a battle kept up or con- 
tinued between the pursuer and pursued. 

Run'ning-rigging, s. the rigging of a ship 
passing through blocks. 

Run'ning-title, s. the title of a book conti- 
nued on the top of every page. 

Runt, s. a stunted animal ; an old cow. 

Rupee', s. an Indian coin, value 2s. Ad. 

Rup'tion, s. the act of breaking; a breach. 

Rup'ture, s. the act of breaking; the state of 
being broken ; breach of peace ; hernia. 

Rup'ture, v. to break, to burst. 

Ru'ral, a. belonging to the country. 

Ru'ialist, s. one who leads a country life. 

Rural'ity, s. the quality of being rural. 

Ru'rally, ad. as in the country. 

Ru'ralness, s. the quality of being rural. 

Ruse, [Fr.] s. artifice, stratagem, trick. 

Rush, s. a common plant ; any thing prover- 
bially worthless. 

Rush, v. to move forward with violence or 
rapidity ; to enter eagerly. 

Rush, Rush'ing, s. a violent motion or course. 

Rush'candle, Rushlight, 5. a tallow candle 
with the wick made of rush. 

Rush'er, s. one who rushes forward. 

Rush'iness, J. state of being full of rushes. 

Rush'ing, s. any commotion or violent course. 

Rush'like, a. resembling a rush, weak. 

Rush'y, Rush'ed, a. abounding with rushes. 

Rusk, s. a kind of biscuit or hard bread. 

Russ. See Russian. 

Rus'set, a. reddishly brown; coarse; rustic. 

Rus'set, s- a rustic dress; a russeting. 

Rus'seting, s. a rough kind of apple. 

Rus'sety, a. of a russet color. 

Rus'sian, s. an inhabitant of Russia; the 
Russian language : a. pertaining to Russia. 

Rust, s. the oxide of metal which gathers on 
the surface from disuse ; loss of power by 
inactivity : v. to gather rust ; to impair by 
time or inactivity. 

Rus'tic. Rus'tical, a. pertaining to the coun- 
try, rural; rudo, plain, simple, artless. 

Rus'tic, s. a clown, a country swain. 

Rus'tically, ad. in a rustic manner. 

Rus'ticalness, s. the quality of being rustic. 

Rus'ticate, v. to dwell in the country ; to 
banish into the country for a short time. 

Rustiea'tion, s. residence in the country. 

Rustfcity, s. rural appearance ; simplicity. 

Rus'tily. ad. in a rusty state. 

Rus'tiness, *. the state of being rusty. 

Rus'tle, v. to make a noise as of the rubbing 
of silk or dry leaves. 

Rust'ling, *. the noise of that which rustles 

Rust'y, a. covered with rust ; impaired. 

Rut, *. the deep track of a wheel. 

Rut, s. the copulation of deer. 

Ruth, .$. sorrow, regret, pity, mercy. 

Ru'thful, a. rueful, woful, compassionate. 

Ru'thfully, ad. sadly, wofully. 

Ru'thless, a. cruel, pitiless, barbarous. 



RUT 254 



SAI 



Ru'thlessly, ad. without pity, cruelly. 
Ru'thlessness, s. want of pity, cruelty. 
Ru'til, Ru'tile, s. an oxyde of titanium. 
Ru'tilant, a. shining, brilliant. 
Rut'ter, s. a horseman, a trooper. 
Rut'tish, a wanton, li))idinous, lustful. 
Rut'tishness, s. wantonness, libidinousness. 
Rut'tle, s. the rattle in the throat. 
Rye, s. a coarse kind of bread corn. 
Rye'grass, s. a coarse kind of grass. 



Saba'oth, s. hosts or armies. 

Sabbata'rian, s. one who observes the sabbath 
strictly; one who keeps the sabbath on the 
seventh day of the week, and not on the . 
first : a. relating to Sabbatarians. 

Sabbatarianism, s. the tenets of those who 
keep the seventh day of the week holy, j 
instead of the first. 

Sab'bath, s. the day of rest and worship. 

Sab'bath-breaker, s. a violator of the sabbath, j 

Sab'bathless, a. unmindful of the sabbath. J 

Sabbat'ical, a. resembling the sabbath. 

Sab'batism,,?. rigid observance of the sabbath. 

Sa'bianism, s. the idolatrous worship of the 
sun, moon, and stars. 

Sab'ine, s. a plant, savin. 

Sa'ble, s. a sin all animal of the weasel kind; 
the fur of the sable : a. black, dark. 

Sabo't, [Fr.] s. a sort of wooden shoe. 

Sa'bre, s. a convex short sword. 

Sa'bre, v. to cut or wound with a sabre. 

Sabulos'ity, s. sandiness, grittiness. 

Sab'ulous, a. sandy, gravelly, gritty. 

Saccharif'erous, a. producing sugar. 

Sac'charine, a. having the qualities of sugar. 

Sacerdo'tal, a. belonging to the priesthood. 

Sa'chem, s. the chief of an Indian tribe. 

Sack, s. a large bag: v. to put into a sack. 

Sack, v. to take by storm, to pillage, to 
plunder : s. pillage, plunder. 

Sack, s, Canary wine or sherry. 

Sack'age, s. the act of sacking a town. 

Sack'but, s. a kind of trumpet. 

Sack'cloth, 5. a kind of coarse cloth. 

Sack'ful, s. as much as a sack can hold. 

Sacking, s. cloth of which sacks are made. 

Sack-pos'set, s. a posset made of milk, sack, 
and some other ingredients. 

Sac'rament, s. a sacred ceremony imposing 
an obligation ; an oath ; the Eucharist or 
the Lord's Supper. 

Sacramen'tal, a. constituting or pertaining to 
a sacrament. 

Sacramen'tal ly, ad. as a sacrament. 

Sacramenta'rian, s. one who differs from Ro- 
man Catholics regarding the sacraments, 
applied reproachfully to Protestants. 

Sacramen'tary, s. a book of prayers and di- 
rections respecting the sacraments. 

Sa'cred, a. holy, consecrated, inviolable. 

Sa'credly, ad. religiously, inviolably. 

Sa'erodness, s. holiness, sanctity. 

Sacrif'ic, Sacrif'ical, a. used in sacrifice. 

Sacrif'ieable, a. capable of sacrifice. 

Sacrif'icant, s. one who offers a sacrifice. 

Sacrif 'icatory, a. offering sacrifice. 

Sacrifice, v. to offer to God ; to immolate, to 
devote ; to give up for something else. 1 



Sac'rifice, s. an offering made to God ; any 

thing destroyed or given up for something 

else, deemed of less value. 
Sac'rificer, s. one who offers sacrifice. 
SacrifY'cial, a. pertaining to sacrifice. 
Sac'rilege, s. the robbery of a church. 
Sacrile'gious, a. violating things sacred. 
Sacrile'giously, ad. with sacrilege. 
Sacrile'giousness. s. the crime of sacrilege. 
Sac'rilegist, s. one who commits sacrilege. 
Sac'ristan, Sa'crist, s. the person who has 

charge of the things used in sacred offices ; 

a sexton. 
Sac'risty, s. the vestry of a church. 
Sac'ro-sanct, a. sacred, inviolable. 
Sad, a. sorrowful, melancholy, gloomy ; 

grave, heavy ; bad, worthless. 
Sad'den, v. to make sad or gloomy. 
Sad'dle, s. a seat to put on a horse's back. 
Sad'dle, v. to put on a saddle. 
Sad'dlebacked, a. having a hollow back. 
Sad'dlebow, s. part of a saddle. 
Sad'dler, s. one who makes saddles. 
Sad'ducees, s. pL a sect among the Jews. 
Sad'ducism, s. the tenets of the Sadducees. 
Sad'ly, ad. sorrowfully, miserably. 
Sad'ness, s. mournfulness, melancholy. 
Safe, a. free from danger. 
Safe, s. a place for keeping any thing safely. 
Safe-con'duct, *. a convoy, passport, guard. 
Sa'feguard, s. a defence, convoy, passport. 
Sa'fely, ad. without danger, without hurt. 
Sa'fety, s. freedom from danger ; custody. 
Sa'fety-valve, *. the valve of a steam-ei.gine, 

which lets the superfluous steam escape, 

and prevents bursting. 
Saffron, .?. a yellow plant : a. yellow. 
Sag, v. to hang heavy ; to load, to burden. 
Saga'ciou.s, a. quick of scent or thought. 
Saga'cioush', ad. with penetration. 
Saga'ciousness, s. quickness of discernment. 
Saga"city, s. quickness of scent ; acutenesa 

of discernment ; penetration. 
Sag'amore, s. an Indian chief. 
Sage, s. a garden plant. 
Sage, a. wise, grave, prudent. 
Sage, s. a man of wisdom and gravity, 
Sa'gely, ad. wisely, prudently. 
Sa'geness, s. wisdom, gravity, prudence. 
Sa"gittal, a. like or pertaining to an arrow. 
Sagitta'rius, s. an archer ; one of the signs 

of the zodiac. 
Sa"gittary, a. pertaining to an arrow : s. an 

archer ; a centaur. 
Sa'go, s. a mealy or granulated substance, 

the produce of a species of palm. 
Sa'ic, s. a kind of Turkish vessel. 
Said. See the verb Say. 
Sail, s. the sheet or one of the sheets by which 

the wind impels a ship ; a ship or vessel : 

v. to move by means of sails; to be carried 

along smoothly. 
Sail'-borne, a. conveyed by sails. 
Sail'er, s. he who or that which sails. 
Sail'ing, s. the act of sailing. 
Sail'-loft, *. a place for making sails. 
Sail'-maker, s. one who makes sails. 
Sail'-making, s. the art of making sails. 
Sail'or, s. a seaman, one used to the sea. 
Sail'yard, s. a pole to extend a sail with. 
Sain'foin, Saint'foin, s. a sort of herb, trefoil. 



SAI 



SAN 



Paint, s. a person eminent for sanctity ; one 
of the blessed in heaven : v. to canonize. 

Saint'ed, a. holy, pious, canonized. 

Saint' ess, s. a female saint. 

Saint'ly, Saint'like. a. holy, devout. 

Saint'ship, s. the character of a saint. 

Sake, s. final cause, end. purpose, account. 

Sa'ker, s. a hawk ; a kind of cannon. 

Sala'eious, a. lustful, lecherous, wanton. 

Sala'eiously, ad. lustfully, lecherously. 

Sala'cionsness, Sala"city, s. lust, lechery. 

Sal'ad, jr. food of raw herbs, generally dressed 
with salt, oil, and vinegar. 

Sal'ading, s. vegetables for salad. 

Salam', s. an eastern salutation. 

Sal'amander, s. an animal like a lizard, fabled 
to live in fire. 

Salaman'drine,' a, like a salamander. 

Sal'aried, a. enjoying a salary. 

Sai'ary, s. annual or periodical payment. 

Sale, s. the act of selling ; state of being to 
be sold; market; auction. 

Sa'leable, a. fit for sale, marketable. 

Sa'leableness, s. the state of being saleable. 

Salebros'ity, 5. ruggedness of a path. 

Sal'ebrous, a. rough, uneven, rugged. 

Sa'lesman, s. one who is employed in selling. 

Sa'lework, 5. work for sale ; careless work. 

Sal'ic. See Saiique. 

Sa'lient, a. leaping, springing. 

Sa'lient, s. in fortification, a projection. 

Sal'ify, v . to form into a neutral salt. 

Sal'igot, s. a plant, the water-thistle. 

Salination, s. a washing with salt liquor. 

Sali'ne, a. partaking of the qualities of salt. 

Sali'neness, s. state of being saline. 

Sali'no-terrene, a. of salt and earth. 

Sallque-law, s. a French law which excludes 
females from the throne. 

Sali'va, s. the Latin for spittle. 

Sali'val, Sal'ivary, a. relating to spittle. 

Sal'ivate, v.\,o purge by the saliva] glands. 

Salivation, s. the act of salivating. 

Sali'vous, a. having the nature of spittle. 

Sal'low, s. a kind of willow : a. of the color 
of the sallow ; yellow, as from illness. 

Sal'lowness, s. sickly paleness. 

Sal'iy, v. to issue out suddenly. 

Sal'ly, s. a sudden eruption, as from a place 
besieged ; an excursion ; a flight of fancy 
or humour. 

Sal'lyport, s. a port to make sallies from. 

Salnirjgun'di, s. a mixture of chopped meat, 
pickled herrings, oil, onions, vinegar, &c. 

Sainton, s. a well-known fish. 

Salmon-trout'-,*, a trout of the salmon kind. 

Saloon', s. a grand hall or state room. 

Salt, s. a substance used for seasoning, and 
for preserving from corruption ; wit, taste: 
a. having the taste of salt ; impregnated 
or abounding with salt: v. to season or im- 
pregnate with salt. 

Sal'tant, a. leaping, jumping, dancing. 

Salta'tion, *. the act of leaping. 

Sail/cellar, s. a sort of cup to hold salt. 

Salt'er, s. one who salts or sells salt. 

Salt'ern, s. a place where salt is made. 

Salting, s. the impregnating with salt. 

Salt'ish, a. somewhat salt, brinish. 

Salt'less, n. ii"t tasting of salt, insipid. 

Salt'ly, ad. with the flavour of salt. 



Salt'-mino, s. a rr\ine where salt is obtained* 

Salt'ness, s. the state ot being salt. 

Salt' -pan, Salt'-pit, Salt'-work, s. a saltern, 

a place where salt is made. 
Saltpe'tre, s. a mineral salt, nitre. 
Salu'brious, a. healthful, wholesome. 
Salu'briously, ad. so as to promote health. 
Salu'bfity, s. healthfulness, wholesomeness. 
Sal'utariness. s. wholesomeness. 
Sal'utary, a. healthful, Wholesome, safe. 
Saluta'tion, s. the act of saluting or wishing 

health ; a greeting. 
Salu'tatory, a. wishing health, greeting : f. A 

place of greeting. 
Salu'te, v. to greet, to hail, to kiss. 
Salu'tc, s. a salutation, a greeting ; a kiss. 
Salu'ter, s. he who salutes another. 
Salutif crous, a. bringing health, healthy. 
Salvabil'ity, s. state of being salvable. 
Sal'vable, a. that may be saved or kept safe. 
Sal'vage, s. a reward allowed for saving goods 

out of a wreck. 
Salva'tion, s. the act of saving ; the state of 

being saved ; preservation from eternal 

death and admission into heaven. 
Sal'vatory, s. a place for keeping things safe. 
Salve, s. an ointment for wounds or sores: 

V. to apply salve, to cure. 
Sal'ver, s. a kind of tray. 
Sal'vo, s. an exception, a reservation. 
Samaritans, s. a sect among the Jews. 
Sam'bo, s. a child of a black person or negro 

and a mulatto. 
Same, a. identical, of the like kind. 
Sa'meness, *. identity, not different. 
Sam'phire, s. a plant used in pickling. 
Sam'ple, s. a specimen ; part of a whole. 
Sam'pler, s. a specimen or piece of needle- 
work, particularly a school girl's. 
San'ablc, a. that may be cured. 
Sanation, s. the act of curing. 
San'ative, a. having a healing quality. 
San'ativeness, s. the being sanative. 
Sanc'tificate, v. to sanctify. 
Sanctifica'tion, s. the act of making holy. 
Sanc'tifier, s. that which sanctifies. 
Sanc'tify, v. to make holy. 
Sanctimo'nious, a. saintly; appearing holy. 
Sanctimo'niously, ad. with sanctimony. 
Sanctimoniousness, s. the state or quality of 

being sanctimonious. 
Sanc'timony, J. holiness, saintly appearance. 
Sanction, s. ratification, authority. 
Sanction, v, to give a sanction to. 
Sanc'titudo, Sanctity, s. holiness. 
Sanetuarize, v. to shelter by means of sacred 

privileges. 
Sanc'tuary, J. a holy place ; an asylum. 
Sand, s. fine or powdered gravel. 
Sand, v. to sprinkle with sand. 
San'dal, s. a sort of slipper or loose shoe. 
San'dal-wood, San'dcrs, a - , a kind of aromatic! 

wood growing in the East Indies. 
San'daraeli, s. a mineral ; a gum. 
Sand'bag, .1. a bag filled with sand. 
Sand'-bath, s. a bath made by warm sand. 
Saud'blind, a. having a defect in the sight 

from small particles appearing to float 

before the eyes. 
Sand'-box, s. a box containing sand or pounce; 

also, a kind of tree. 



SAH 



2b6 



SAT 



Sand'eei, 5. a kind of eel commonly found 
under the sea-saDd. 

Sanderiing, s. a bird frequenting the sands. 

San'ders. See Sandal-wood. 

San'dever, s. the superfluous salt or scum 
cast up in making glass. 

Sand'-flood, j. a vast mass of moving sand, 
as in African or Arabian deserts. 

Sand'-heat, s. the heat of warm sand. 

Sandlness, s. state of being sandy. 

San'dix, s. a kind of red lead. 

Sand'piper, s. a bird of the genus Tringa. 

Sand'stone, s. a stone easily crumbled. 

Sand'wich, s. two slices of bread and butter 
with a slice of cold meat between. 

Sand'wort, s. the name of a plant. 

Sand'y, a. consisting of sand; like sand. 

Sane, a. sound in mind ; healthy. 

Sang-froid, [Fr.] s. cold blood, coolness. 

Sanguiferous, a. conveying blood. 

Sanguification, s. production of blood ; con- 
version of the chyle into blood. 

San'guifier, s. a producer of blood. 

San'guify, v. to produce blood. 

San'guinariness, s. the being sanguinary. 

San'guinary, a. bloody, blood-thirsty, cruel. 

San'guine, a. having the color of blood ; 
abounding with blood; cheerful; warm, 
ardent ; confident : J. blood color ; the 
blood stone : v. to ensanguine, to stain 
with blood. 

San'guinely, ad. ardently; confidently. 

San'guinencss, s. the being sanguine. 

Sanguin'eous, a. full of blood. 

Sanguin'ity, s. sanguinene.ss. 

San'hedrim, s. the chief council among the 
Jews, consisting of seventy elders. 

Sa'nies, s. a thin serous matter, ichor. 

Sa'nious, a. discharging thin matter. 

San'itary, a. tending to promote health. 

San'ity, s. soundness of mind. 

San'scrit, s. the learned language of the Bra- 
mins ; the ancient language of India. 

San'ton, .?. a Turkish saint or dervis. 

Sap, s. the vital juice of plants. 

Sap, v. to undermine, to subvert. 

Sap, s. a trench for undermining. 

Sap'id, a. tasteful, palatable, savoury. 

Sapid'ity, Sap'idness, s. state of being sapid ; 
power of stimulating the palate. 

Sa'pience, s. wisdom, sageness, knowledge. 

Sa'pient, a. wise, sage, prudent. 

Sapien'tial, a. affording lessons of wisdom. 

Sap'less, a. wanting sap, dry, old. 

Sap'ling, s. a young tree full of sap. 

Sapona'ceous, a. soapy, like soap. 

Saponify, v. to convert into soap. 

Sa'por, s. taste, savour, relish. 

Saporif 'ic, a. giving flavour or taste. 

Sap'orous, a. savoury. 

Sap'per, s. one who saps ; a kind of miner. 

Sapph'ic, a. applied to a kind of verse, sup- 
posed to be invented by Sappho. 

Sapphire, s. a precious blue stone. 

Sapph'irine, a. made of or like sapphire. 

Sap'piness, s. juiciness, succulence. 

Sap'py, a. juicy, succulent. 

Sar'aband, s. a Spanish dance. 

Saracenic, Saracen'ical, a. pertaining or be- 
Jonging to the Saracens. 

Sar'casm, s. a biting expression, a taunt. 



Sarcas'tic, Sarcas'tical, a. keen, taunting. 
Sarcastically, ad. tauntingly, severely. 
Sar'cenet, s. fine thin woven silk. 
Sarcol'ogy, s. that part of anatomy which 

treats of the fleshy parts of the body. 
Sarco'ma, s. a fleshy excrescence. 
Sarcoph'agous, a. eating or feeding on flesh. 
Sarcoph'agus, s. a tomb or stone coffin. 
Sarcot'ic, a. producing new flesh ; incarnative : 

s. an incarnative or medicine for promoting 

the growth of flesh. 
Sar'dachate, s. the clouded and spotted agate. 
Sar'dan, s. a fish resembling the herring. 
Sarde, Sar'doin, s. a kind of mineral. 
Sar'din, s. the gold fish of Brazil. 
Sardonic, Sardo'nian, a. forced, feigned. 
Sar'donyx, s. a precious stone. 
Sark, s. a shirt or shift. 
Sarma'tian, a. pertaining to Sarmatia. 
Sarmen'tous, a. full of twigs. 
Sar'plier, s. a packing-cloth. 
Sarsaparil'la, s. the name of a plant of great 

efficacy as a sudorific. 
Sarse, s. a fine sort of lawn sieve. 
Sart, s. woodland turned into arable. 
Sash, s. a silk belt: v. to dress with a sash. 
Sash, s. the frame of a window ; a window 

that lets up and down by pulleys. 
Sas'safras, s. a species of the corneil cherry, 

the wood of which is medicinal. 
Sa'tan, s. a name of the devil. 
Satan'ic, Satanlcal, a. devilish, infernal. 
Satanlcally, ad. with diabolical malice. 
Sa'tanism, s. a diabolical spirit. 
Sat'chel, s. a small bag used by schoolboys. 
Sate, v . to satiate ; to pall. 
Sa'telcss, a. insatiable. 

Satellite, s. a small or secondary planet re- 
volving round a larger, as the moon round 

the earth; a follower. 
Satelli'lious, a. consisting of satellites. 
Sa'tiate, a. glutted, full of satiety. 
Sa'tiate, v. to satisfy; to sate, to glut- 
Sati'ety, s. the state of being filled, fulness. 
Satin, s. a glossy close silk. 
Satinet', s. a thin kind of satin. 
Sat'in-flower, s. the name of a plant. 
Satin-spar, s. a mineral fibrous limestone. 
Satire, s. a poem censuring vice or folly ; 

severity of remark. 
Satiric, Satirical, a. belonging to satire ; 

censorious ; severe in language. 
Satir'ically, ad. with invective or censure. 
Satirist, s. one who writes satires. 
Satirize, v. to censure as in a satire. 
Satisfac'tion, s. the act of satisfying ; the 

state of being satisfied ; gratification ; 

amends ; payment. 
Satisfac'tive, a. giving satisfaction. 
Satisfactorily, ad. so as to satisfy. 
Satisfac'toriness, s. power of satisfying. 
Satisfactory, a. giving satisfaction. 
Satlsfier, s. one who makes satisfaction. 
Satisfy, v. to content, to please fully ; te 

convince ; to pay to content. 
Sa'tive, a. sown in gardens. 
Sat'rap, s. a viceroy in ancient Persia. 
Sat'rapal, s. pertaining to a satrap. 
Sat'rapy, s. the office or dignity of a satrap 
Sat'urable, a. that may be saturated. 
Sat'urant, a. impregnating to the full. 



SAT 



257 



SCA 



Sat'urate, v. to impregnate till no more can 

be received or imbibed. 
Saturation, s. the act of saturating. 
Sat'uvday, s. the last day of the week. 
Satu'rity, s. fulness, repletion. 
Sat'urn, s. a heathen deity ; a planet. 
Saturna'lian, a. free from restraint, loose, li- 
centious, as at the feasts of Saturn. 
Satur'nian, a. happy, as in Saturn's reign. 
Sat'urnine, a. gloomy, grave. 
Sat'urnist, s. one of a gloomy disposition. 
Sat'yr, s. a sylvan god ; a lustful man. 
Satyriasis, s. immoderate lust. 
Satyr'ion, s. a provocative plant. 
Sauce, s. that which stimulates or provokes ; 

something eaten with food to improve the 

relish ; pertness, petulance, insolence. 
Sau'cebox, s. an impertinent fellow. 
Sau'cepan, s. a pan to make sauce in. 
Sau'cer, s. a small plate for a teacup ; a little 

platter on which sauce was served. 
Sau'cily, ad. impudently, petulantly. 
Sau'ciness, s- impudence, petulance. 
Sau'cisse, Sau'cisson, [Fr.] s. a long bag filled 

with powder used in firing mines. 
Sau'cy, a. pert, petulant, insolent. 
Saun'ter, v. to wander about idly, to loiter. 
Saun'terer, s. a rambler, an idler. 
Sau'sage, s. a roll of seasoned minced meat 

stuffed into a skin. 
Sa'vable, a. capable of being saved. 
Sa'vableness, s. capability of being saved. 
Sav'age, a. wild, uncivilized, cruel. 
Sav'age, s. a barbarian ; a cruel person. 
Sav'agely, ad. barbarously, cruelly. 
Sav'ageness, s. barbarity, cruelty. 
Savan'na, s. an open plain or meadow. 
Sa'ver, s. one who saves or preserves ; one 

who lays up money. 
Save, v. to preserve from danger ; to preserve 

from eternal death ; to keep frugally : 

prep, except. 
Sa'veall, s. a pan to save candle-ends on. 
Sav'ni, s. a plant ; a species of juniper. 
Sa'ving, a. frugal, parsimonious : s. any 

thing saved : prep, excepting. 
Sa'vingly, ad. frugally, with parsimony. 
Sa'vingness, s. frugality, parsimony. 
Sa'vings-bank, s. a bank or deposit for the 

earnings of the poor. 
Sa'viour, s. he who saves ; the Redeemer. 
Sa'vory, s. the name of a plant. 
Sa'vour, s. a taste, an odour : v. to have a 

particular taste or smell ; to like. 
Sa'vourily, ad. with a pleasing relish. 
Sa'vouriness, s. quality of being savoury. 
Sa'vourless, a. wanting savour. 
Sa'voury, a- pleasing to the smell or taste. 
Savoy', s. a sort of colewort. 
Saw, s. a saying,, a proverb. 
Saw, s. an instrument with teeth for cutting 

boards or timber. 
Saw, v. to cut with a saw. 
Saw'dust, s. a dust arising from sawing. 
Saw'er, s. one that saws. 
Saw'fish. .y. a fish with a serrated horn. 
Saw '-fly, s. a fly with a serrated sting. 
Saw'pit, s. a pit where wood is sawed. 
Saw-wrest, s. the tool with which the teeth 

of a saw are set. 
Saw'yer, s. one who saws timber. 



Sax'atile, a. growing among rocks. 
Sax'ifrage, s. a plant used in medicine. 
Saxifragous, a. dissolvent of stone. 
Sax'on,*. an ancient inhabitant of the north- 
ern part of Germany : a. belonging to the 
Saxon nation or language. 
Sax'onism,*. an idiom of the Saxon language. 
Say, s. a thin sort of silk ; also, a kind of 

woollen stuff. 
Say, s. a speech, what one has to say. 
Say, v. to speak, to utter, to allege, to tell. 
Say'ing, s. an expression, a proverb. 
Scab, s. an incrustation over a sore ; the 

mange, the itch ; a dirty low fellow. 
Scab'bard, s. the sheath of a sword. 
I Scab'bed, a. covered with scabs ; vile. 
j Scab'bedness, s. the state of being scabbed. 
Scab'biness, s. the quality of being scabby. 
j Scab'by, a. diseased with scabs. 
Sca'bious, a. itchy, leprous. 
Sca'bious, s. the name of a plant. 
Scabred'ity, Sca'brousness, s. rugj 
j Sca'brous, a. rough, rugged, harsh. 
! Scab'wort, s. the name of a plant. 
| Scad, s. a kind of fish, the shad. 
i Scaffold, s. a temporary stage or platform 
erected for the execution of criminals, -ot 
for builders to stand on while at work. 
Scaffold, v. to furnish with a scaffold. 
Scat" ' foldage, s. scaffolding. 
Scaffolding, s. a support for workmen. 
Scaglio'la, [It.] 5. a plaster like marble. 
Sca'lable, a. that may be scaled. 
Scala'de, Scala'do, s. the storming of a place 

by raising ladders against the walls. 
Sca'lary, a. like the steps of a ladder. 
Scald, s. a Scandinavian poet. 
Scald, v. to burn with hot liquor. 
Scald, s. a burn by hot liquor. 
Scald, s. scurf on the head. 
Scald'-head, s. a scabby or scurfy head. 
Scald'ic, a. relating to the Scalds. 
Scald'ing-hot, a. so hot as to scald the skin. 
Scale, s. the dish of a balance, a balance ; 
part of the covering of some fishes; a thin 
layer; scurf: v. to scrape off scales ; to 
peel off in thin particles. 
Scale, s. a ladder ; regular gradation like a 
ladder ; an instrument for measuring dis- 
tances and proportions ; the gamut : v. to 
mount by means of ladders. 
; Sca'led, a. having scales like a fish. 

Sca'leless, a. having no scales. 
i Scale'ne, a. applied to a triangle whose sides 
are unequal to each other. 
Sca'liness, *. the state of being scaly. 
| Sca'ling-ladder, s. a ladder for scaling walls. 
I Seal), s. scab, leprosy. 
I Scal'lion, *. a kind of onion. 
i Scal'lop, s. a shellfish ; a curve or round at 
I the edge of any thing : v. to mark the 
edge with curves. 
Seal'loped, a. having the edge rounded. 
Scalp, s. the skin on the top of the head ; 
sometimes the skull itself: v. to deprive 
of the scalp. 
Scal'pel, s. a surgical instrument. 
, Scalp'ing-knifc, s. a knife used by Indians in 
taking off the scalps of their prisoners. 
Sca'ly, a. covered with scales. 
i Scam'ble, v . to scramble, to shift awkwardly. 



SCA 



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Scam'bler, s. a bold intruder upon one. 

Seam'blingly, ad. with intrusive boldness. 

Scammo'niate, a. made with scammony. 

Scam'mony, s. a kind of guni-resm. 

Scamp, s. a rake, a roue. 

Scam per, v. to run with fear and speed. 

Scan, v. to examine verse by counting tlie 
feet ; to examine minutely. 

Scan'dal, s. offence given by a fault; re- 
proachful aspersion ; defamation; infamy; 
v. to give scandal ; to defame. 

Scan'dalize, v. to offend by committing some 
criminal act ; to defame. 

Scan'dalous, a. giving offence ; shameful. 

Scan'dalously, ad. shamefully. 

Scan 'dalousu ess, s. the being scandalous. 

Scan'dalum Magna'tum, [Lat.] scandal or 
wrong done to any high personage. 

Scan'dent, a. climbing, creeping. 

Scan'ning, s. the counting of feet in a verse. 

Scan'sion, s. the act of scanning. 

Scant, v. to limit, to straiten. 

Scan'tily, ad. sparingly ; narrowly. 

Scan'tiness, s. the state of being scanty. 

Scar/tie, v. to divide into thin pieces. 

Scaut'let, s. a small pattern ; a small piece. 

Scant'ling, a. not plentiful, small : s. a small 
quantity; a certain proportion; a pattern. 

Scant'ly, ad. scarcely, sparingly. 

Scant'ness. See Scantiness. 

Scan'ty, a. narrow, small, niggardly. 

Scape, v. to escape : s. a flight, escape. 

Sca'pe-goat, s. the goat set at liberty by the 
Jews on the day of solemn expiation. 

Sca'pegrace, s. an idle worthless fellow. 

Sca'pement. See Escapement. 

Scap'ula, [Lat.] s. the shoulder-blade. 

Scap'ular, Scap'ulary, a. pertaining to the 
shoulder: s. that which is worn on the 
shoulders, as by friars. 

Scar, s. the mark of a wound ; a cicatrix. 

Scar, v. to mark as with a sore or wound. 

Scar'ab, Sear'abee, s. a beetle. 

Scar'amouch. *. a buffoon in motley dress. 

Scarce, a. not plentiful, rare, uncommon. 

Sca'rcely, Scarce, ad. hardly, scant] y. 

Sca'rceness, s. the state of being scarce. 

Sca'rcity, s. scarceness. 

Scare, v. to frighten, to terrify suddenly. 

Sca'reerow, s. an image set to frighten birds. 

Scarf, s. a loose covering for the shoulders. 

Scarf, v. to throw loosely on. 

Scarf'skin, s. the outer skin of the body. 

Scarifica'tion, s. the act of scarifying. 

Scar'ifier, s. one who scarifies. 

Scar'ify, v. to lance or cut the skin. 

Sca'rious, a. in botany, tough, thin, and se- 
mi-transparent. 

Scarlati'na, s. a mild attack of scarlet fever. 

Scar'let, s. a deep red color ; red cloth. 

Scar'let, a. of the color of scarlet. 

Scarlet-bean', Scarlet-run'ner, s. a plant. 

Scarlet-fe'ver, s. a disease in which the body 
is covered with a red color. 

Scar'let-oak, *. the ilex. 

Scarp. *. in fortification, a slope. 

Scate. See Skate. 

Scat'ebrous, a. abounding with springs. 

Scath. s. harm, damage, injury. 

Scath, v. to harm, to damage, to destroy. 

Scath'ful, a. hurtful, destructive. 



Scath 'less, a. free from harm or damage 

Scat'ter, v. to throw loosely about, to dis- 
perse ; to spread thinly. 

Scat'teredly, ad. dispersedly, loosely. 

Scattering, 5. the act cf dispersing. 

Scat'teringly, ad. loosely, dispersedly. 

Scat'terling, s. a vagabond, a wanderer. 

Scatu'rient, a. springing as a fountain. 

Scav'enger, s. a cleaner of the streets. 

Scel'erat, s. a villain, a wicked wretch. 

Scene, s. part of a play ; the curtain or hang- 
ing adapted to a play ; any series of actions 
or objects exhibited ; a view or prospect. 

Sce'nery, s. imagery, representation. 

Scen'ic, a. dramatic, theatrical. 

Scenograph'ical, a. drawn in perspective. 

Scenograph'ically, ad. in perspective. 

Scenog'raphy, ?. the art of perspective. 

Scent, s. smell, odour : chase by smell. 

Scent, v. to smell, to pernnne. 

Scent'ful, a. odorous, yielding much smell. 

Scent'less, a. inodorous, having no smell. 

Scep'tic, s. one who doubts, particularly on« 
who doubts the truths of revelation. 

Scep'tical, a. doubting every thing. 

Sceptically, ad. in a doubting manner. 

Scep'ticism, s. universal doubt ; infidelity. 

Scep'tieize, v. to act the sceptic. 

Scep'tre, s. the ensign of royalty, a staff or 
baton borne in the hand by kings. 

Scep'tred, a. bearing a sceptre. 

Sched'ule, s. a small scroll, an inventory. 

Sche'matist, s. a former of schemes or projects. 

Scheme, s. a plan, a project, a design. 

Scheme, v. to contrive, to plan, to design. 

Sche'mer, Sche'mist, s. one who form* 
schemes or projects. 

Sche'ming, a. given to form schemes; artful. 

Sche'sis, *. habitude ; general strife of thing*. 

Schism, * a division in the church. 

Schismat'ic, s. one guilty of schism. 

Schismat'ic, Schismat'ical, a. practising 
schism ; tending to schism. 

Schismat'ically, ad. in a schismatical manner. 

Schis'matize, v. to take part in schisms. 

Schol'ar, s. one who learns ; a man of letters. 

Schol'arlike, a. becoming a scholar. 

Scholarship, s. learning; a knowledge of 
literature ; an exhibition or maintenance 
for a scholar. 

Seholas'tic, a. pertainingtoa school or scholar ; 
pertaining to the schools of the middls 
ages : pedantic : sophistic. 

Scholas'tic. s. one who adheres to the niceties 
or methods of the school. 

Scholas'tically, ad. according to the schools. 

Scholasticism, s. the niceties of the schools. 

Scho'liast, s. one who makes notes upon an 
author, a commentator. 

Scho'liaze, v. to write explanatory notes. 

Scho'lium, Sco'lion. s. an explanatory note. 

School, s.aplace of discipline and instruction. 

School, v. to instruct, to train, to teach. 

School'boy, s. a boy who attends school. 

School'fellow, s. a fellow student. 

School'-house, s. a house for instruction. 

Schooling, a - , instruction ; reprimand. 

School'man, s. a scholastic divine. 

School'master, s. he who teaches in a school. 

Sehool'mistress, s. she who ke;ps a school. 

Schoon'er, s. a vessel with two masts. 



SCI 



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Seiag'raphy, 5. the drawing of shadows; the 
art of sketching ; the profile or section of 
a building ; the art of finding the hour by 
the shadows of objects. 

Sciat.hcr'ic, a. belonging to a sun-dial. 

Sciat'ie, Sciat'ica, $. the hip-gout. 

Sciat'ical, a. troubled with the hip-gout. 

Sci'ence, s. knowledge, a branch of know- 
ledge ; a collection or system of the gene- 
ral principles or leading truths relating to 
any subject ; art attained by precepts or 
founded on principles. The seven liberal 
sciences of the ancients were grammar, 
rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, music, geometry, 
and' astronomy. 

Scien'tial, a. of or pertaining to science. 

Scientific, a relating to science ; proceeding 
by, or founded on the methods of science. 

Scientifically, ad in a scientific manner. 

Scim'itir, s. a short sword with a curved 
blade, such as is used by the Turks. 

Scin'tillant, a. emitting sparks, sparkling. 

Scin'tillate, v. to sparkle, to emit sparks. 

Scintilla'tion, s. the act of sparkling. 

Sci'olism, s. superficial knowledge. 

Sci'olist, s. one of superficial knowledge. 

Sci'olous, a. knowing superficially. 

Sciom'achy, s. a battle with a shadow. 

Sci'on, .?. a smal 1 twig or shoot ; a graft. 

Scirrhos'ity, s. an induration of the glands. 

Scir'rhous, a. having a gland indurated. 

Scir'rhus, s. an indurated gland. 

Scis'sible, Scis'sile, a. that may be cut. 

Scis'sion, s. the act of cutting. 

Scis'sors. s. a small pair of shears. 

Scis'sure, s. a crack, a rent, a fissure. 

Sclavo'nian, Sclavonic, a. relating to the 
Sclavi or their language. 

Sclerot'ic, a. hard, applied to the outer coat 
of the eye : s. an application in medicine 
for hardening and consolidating. 

Scoff, s. ridicule, mockery, scorn. 

Scoff, v. to deride or mock, to ridicule. 

Scoffer, s. one who scoffs. 

Sooffingly, ad. in mockery, in derision. 

Scold, v. to chide rudely, to rail. 

Sool.l. s. a clamorous foul-mouthed woman. 

Sco'lder. s. one who scolds or rails. 

Scn'iding, s. clamorous rude language. 

Seo'ldin^ly, ad. with clamour; like a scold. 

Scol'lop. See Scallop. 

Scolopen'dra, s. a serpent ; an earwig; also, 
the name of a herb. 

Sconce, s. a small fort, a bulwark : a hanging 
or projecting candlestick ; the head, in 
contempt. 

Sconce, v. to mulct, to fine. 

Scoop, s. a large ladle ; a sweeping stroke. 

Scoop, v. to lade out : to cut hollow. 

Scoop'er, s. that which, or one who scoops. 

Scope, s. aim, drift, intention; space, room, 
liberty. 

Seop'pot. v. to lade out, to empty by lading. 

Scop'tic, Scop'tical, a. scoffing 

Seop'ulous, a. full of rocks, rocky. 

Scorbu'tic, Scorbu'tical, a. pertaining to 
scurvy ; diseased with the scurvy. 

Soorbu'tically, ad. with tendency to scurvy. 

Scorch, v. to burn on the surface, to burn 

slightly ; to be parched or dried up. 
Scoi'dium, s. a plant, the water germander. 



Score, s. a long incision, a notch, a line 
drawn ; an account kept by notches or 
scores; sake, motive; the number twenty: 
v. to cut, to mark ; to set down as a debt. 

Sco'ria, [Lat.] s. dross, recrement. 

Scoria'ceous, a. consisting of scoria, drossy. 

Scorifica'tion, *. the act of scorifying 

Sco'rify, v. to reduce to dross. 

Sco'rious, a. drossy, worthless. 

Scorn, s. extreme contempt, disdain. 

Scorn, v. to disdain, to despise, to siight. 

Scorn'er, s. one who scorns, a scoffer. 

Soorn'ful.tf. contemptuous, disdainful. 

Scorn'fully, ad. contemptuously. 

Scorn'fulness, s. the being scornful. 

Scorn'ing, s. act of contempt or disdain. 

Scor'pion, s. a reptile with a very venomous 
sting ; one of the signs of the zodiac. 

Scor'pion fly, s. a stinging insect. 

Scor'pion-grass, Scor'pion's-taii, s. a plant. 

Scot, s. a tax, a share, a reckoning. 

Scot, 5. a native of Scotland. 

Scotch, s. a slight cut or incision. 

Scotch, v. to cut slightly. 

Scotch, Scot'tish, a. relating to Scotland. 

Scotch-col'lops, s. veal cut in small pieces. 

Scot'free, a. excused from paying his scot. 

Scot'ograph, s. an instrument to enable blind 
persons to write. 

Scot'omy, s. a swimming in the head. 

Scot'ticism, s. a Scottish idiom. 

Scoun'drol, s. a mean rascal, a low villain. 

Scoun'drel, a. rascally, base. 

Scoun'drelism, s. rascality, baseness. 

Scour, v. to rub hard with something rough 
in order to cleanse ; to purge violently ; .» 
pass swiftly over, to scamper. 

Scour'er, s one who or that which scours. 

Scourge, s. a whip, a lash ; punishment. 

Scourge, v. to whip severely, to punish greatly. 

Scour'ger, s. a punisher or chastiser. 

Scour'ging, s. punishment by the scourge. 

Scour'ing, s. the act of rubbing with some- 
thing rough ; a looseness or flux. 

Scout, s. one who is sent out privily to observe 
the motions of an enemy. 

Scout, v. to act. as a scout 

Scout, v. to reject with contempt. 

Sc owl, s. a look of anger or sullenness. 

Scowl, v. to look angry or sullen, to frown on. 

Scowl'iiigly, ad. with a frowning look. 

Scrab'ble, v. to make scribbled marks. 

Scrag, s. any thing lean or thin : the neck. 

Scrag'ged, a. lean, meagre; rugged, rough. 

Serag'geduess. Scrag giness, s. leanness; un- 
evennesa, roughness, ruggedness. 

Scrag'gily, ad. meagorly, hanly. 

Serag'gy, a. lean, meagre : rough, rugged. 

Scram'ble, v. to catch at or contend for 
eagerly ; to climb with the hands. 

Scram'ble. s. eager contest for any thing. 

Scram'bler, one that scrambles. 

Scrap, *. a small piece, a fragment, a bit. 

Scrape, v. to rub off the surface with any 
thing sharp or hard ; to clean by scraping ; 
to make a harsh grating noise ; to gather 
by penurious savings : s. the noise made 
by scraping : a difficulty, a perplexity ; 
an awkward bow. 

ScT.i'per, s. an instrument for i:er»ping ; a 
"ile fiddler ; a miser. 



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Scra'ping. s. that which is scraped off. 
Scratch, v. to tear with the nails or any thing 

sharp : to wound slightly ; to write vilely : 

s. a slight laceration or wound. 
Scratch'er, s. one that scratches. 
Scratch'es. 5. a disease in horses' hoofs. 
Seraw, s. the surface or scurf. 
Scrawl, s. unskilful and inelegant writing. 
Scrawl, v. to draw or write badly. 
Sciawl'er, s. a clumsy and inelegant writer. 
Scray, s. a bird, the sea-swallow. 
Screak, v. to shriek, to creak. 
Screak, s. a creaking, a screech. 
Scream, s. a shrill, quick, loud cry. 
Scream, v. to cry out as in terror or agony ; 

to cry out shrilly and loudly. 
Scream'er, s. one that screams ; a bird. 
Screech, s. a cry of horror and anguish. 
Screech, v. to shriek ; to cry as an owl. 
Screech'owl, s. an owl that hoots by night. 
Screen, s. any thing that affords shelter or 

concealment ; a riddle to sift sand. 
Screen,?;, to shelter, to conceal; to sift sand. 
Screw, s. one of the mechanical powers. 
Screw, v. to turn or more by a screw ; to 

fasten with a screw ; to twist, to contort ; 

to force, to squeeze ; to oppress by extortion. 
Screw'er, s. one who. or that which screws. 
Seriba'tious, a. skilful in, or fond of writing. 
Scrib'ble, 5. careless or hasty writing. 
Scrib'ble, v. to till with worthless writing; to 

write negligently and inelegantly. 
Scrib'bler, s. a petty author, a bad writer. 
Scribe, 5. a writer ; a public notary ; a doctor 

of the law among the Jews. 
Scrip, *. a small writing ; a schedule ; a cer- 
tificate of stock subscribed. 
Scrip, s. a small bag. 
Script, s. a printing type like writing. 
Scrip'tory, a. written, not delivered orally. 
Scrip'tural, a. contained in the Scriptures. 
Scrip'ture. s. the Bible, the sacred writings. 
Scrip'turist, s. one versed in Scripture. 
Scriv'ener, s. a public writer, one who draws 

or copies law documents. 
Scrofula, *. a disease, the king's evil. 
Scrofulous, a. diseased with the scrofula. 
Scroll, s. a writing rolled up. 
Scrub, v. to rub hard : s. a mean fellow. 
Scrub'bed, Scrub'by, a. mean, vile, sorry. 
Scru'ple, s. a doubt; a weight of 20 grains. 
Scru'ple, v. to doubt, to hesitate. 
Scru'pler, s. a doubter, one who hesitates. 
Seru'pulize, v. to perplex with scruples. 
Scrupulosity, 5. scrupulousness. 
Scru'pulous, a. nicely doubtful, exact. cautious. 
Scru'pulously, ad. with scrupulousness. 
Scru'pulousness, s. state of being scrupulous. 
Scru'table, a. that may be searched. 
Scruta'tion, s. search, inquiry. 
Seruta'tor, s. a searcher, an inquirer. 
Scrutinize, v. to search or examine closely. 
Scru'tinous, a. full of inquiries. 
Scru'tiny, s. a strict search or inquiry. 
Scrutoi'rc, s. a case of drawers for writing. 
Scud, s. a cloud swiftly driven by the wind. 
Scud. v. to be driven along hastily as a ship ; 

to pass over quickly. 
Scuffle, s. a confused quarrel or broil : v. to 

fight or struggle confusedly. 
Scuf tier, s. one who scuffles. 



Sculk, v. to lurk secretly, to lie close. 

Sculk'er, s. one that hides ; a lurker. 

Scull, s. a small boat ; a small oar : v. to 

impel a boat by rowing and turning an oar 

over the stern. 

I Scull, s. a shoal of fish. 

J Scull. See Skull. 

Scul'ler, s. a small boat with one rower. 

Scnl'lery, s. a place to clean and keep dishe 

Scul'lion, -sf. a kitchen drudge. 
j Scul'Jionly, a. low, base, worthless. 
I Sculp'ule, a. formed by sculpture. 
j Sculp'tor. s. an artist in sculpture. 

Sculp'tural. a. pertaining to sculpture. 

Sculp'ture, s. art of carving; caTved work. 

Sculpture, v. to work in sculpture. 
I Scum, s. what rises to the top of any liquor. 

Scum, v. to clear off the scum. 

Scup'per-holes, s. small holes through which 
water is carried off a ship's deck. 

Scurf, s. a dry scab or crust ; any thing adhe- 
ring to the surface. 

Scurf 'iness, s. the state of being scurfy. 

Scur'fy, a. having scurf or scabs. 

Scur'rile, a. befitting a buffoon or vulgar 
jester, grossly abusive. 

Scurril'ity, J. low buffoonery, grossness of re 
proach, opprobrious language. 

Scuv'rilous, a. grossly and vulgarly abusive. 

Scur'rilously, ad. with gross reproach. 

Scur'rilousness, s. scurrility. 

Scur'vily, ad. vilely, meanly, coarsely. 

Scur'viness, s. state of being scurvy. 

Scur'vy, s. a disease : a. diseased with the 
scurvy, scabbed ; vile, sorry, mean. 

Scur'vy-grass, s. the plant spoonwort. 
I Scut, s. the tail of a hare or rabbit. 
I Scu'tage,*. a kind of tenure by knight-service 
I Scut'cheon. See Escutcheon. 
I Scu'tellated, a. formed like a pan. 
' Scu'tiform, a. shaped like a shield. 
i Scut'tle, s. a pan for holding coals. 

Scut'tle, s. a hole in the deck or side of a 
ship : v. to sink a ship by cutting holes in 
the bottom. 

Scythe, s. an instrument for mowing. 

Scythian, a. pertaining to Scythia : s. a na- 
tive of Scythia. 

Sea, s. the water as opposed to land ; the 
ocean ; a large wave or billow. 

Sea-anem'ony, s. the name of a plant. 

Sea'-ape, s. a marine animal noted for its 
antic tricks. 

Sea'-bank, s. a bank or mole against the sea. 

Sea'-bat, s. a sort of flying fish. 

Sea'-beach, s. the sea-shore. 

Sea'-bear, s. an animal frequenting the sea. 

Sea'-beard, s. a marine plant. 

Sea'-beat. Sea'-beaten, a. dashed by the waves. 

Sea'-board, ad. towards the sea. 

Sea'-boat, s. a vessel tit for the sea. 

Sea'-born. a. produced by the sea. 

Sea-bound, a. bounded by the sea. 

Sea'-boy, s. a boy employed on shipboard. 

Sea'-breach, s. a breach made by the sea. 

Sea-breeze, s. wind blowing from the sea. 

Sea'-built, a. built for the sea. 

Sea'-cale, s. a plant of the genus Crambe. 

Sea'-calf, s. the seal or phoca. 

Sea'-card, s. a mariner's card or compass. 

Sea'-carp, s. a spotted fish living among rooks. 



SEA 



261 



SEC 



Sca'-chart, s. a map of the sea-coast. 

Sea'-coal, s. pit-coal brought by sea. 

Sea'-coast, s. the land skirting the sea. 

Sca'-cob. s. a bird, the sea-gull. 

Sea'-compass, s. the mariner's compass. 

Sea'-coot, s. a sea fowl. 

Sea'-crow, s: the cormorant. 

Sea'-devil, s. the fishing-frog or toad-fish. 

Sea'-dog, a v . a fish, the common seal. 

Sea'-eel, s. an eel caught in salt water. 

Sea'-encircled, a. encompassed by the sea. 

Sea'farer, s. a traveller by sea ; a mariner. 

Sea'faring, a. employed or living at sea. 

Sea'-fennel, s. a plant, samphire. 

Sea'-fight, s. a naval battle. 

Sea'-fowl, s. a bird that lives at sea. 

Sea'-girt, a. encircled by the sea. 

Sea'-god, s. a fabulous deity of the sea. 

Sea'-green, a. having the color of the sea. 

Sea'-gauge, s. the depth that a ship draws. 

Sea'- gull, s. a common sea-bird. 

Sea-hed'gehog, s. a prickly sea-shell. 

Sea'-holly, s. the name of a plant. 

Sea'- holm, s. a desert islet. 

Sea'-horse, s. the walrus, the morse. 

Seal, s. the sea-calf or phoca. 

Seal, s. a stamp for making impressions; wax 
stamped or impressed ; any act of confir- 
mation : v. to fasten, secure, or stamp with 
a seal ; to ratify. 

Seal'er, s. one that seals. 

Sea'like, a. resembling the sea. 

Seal'ing-wax, s. wax used to seal letters, &c. 

Sea'-lion, s. a marine animal with a inane. 

Seam, s. a suture or juncture at which two 
edges are sewed or joined together ; the 
mark where flesh has joined after a wound, 
a scar ; a stratum. 

Seam, v. to join together; to mark, to scar. 

Sea'-maid, s. the mermaid. 

Sea'man, s. a sailor, a mariner; the merman. 

Sea'manship, s. naval skill and ability. 

Sea'-mark, s. an object or beacon at sea. 

Sea'-mew, s. a fowl that frequents the sea. 

Seam'ross, a. having no seam. 

Seam'rent, s. a separation of the suture. 

Seam'ster, s. one that sews. 

Scam'stross, Semp'stress, s. a woman that 
lives by needle-work. 

Seam'y,«. having a seam ; showing the seam. 

Sea'-navelwort, s. a plant growing in Syria. 

Sea'-needle, s. a name of the gar-fish. 

Sea'-nettle, s. the anemony or animal flower. 

Sca'-nymph, s. a goddess of the sea. 

Sea'-ooze, J. the soft mud near the sea-shore. 

Sea'-otter, s. a kind of otter with hind feet 
like the seal's. 

Sea'owl, s. the lump-fish. 

Sea'-pad, s. the star-fish. 

Sea'-panther, s. a fish like a lamprey. 

Sea'-pheasant, s. the pin-tailed duck. 

Sea'-pie, s. a bird ; a dish common at sea. 

Sea'-piece, 5. a picture of a sceue at sea. 

Sea'port, s. a harbour or port for ships. 

Sear, v. to dry, to cauterize, to burn. 

Spar, a. dry, withered, no longer green. 

Searcc, v. to sift finely : s. a fine sieve. 

Search, s. an inquiry, quest, pursuit. 

Search, v. to examine, to inquire, to seek. 

Search 'able, a. that may be searched. 

Search'er, s. a seeker, an inquirer. 



Searching, s. examination, inquiry. 
Search'less, a. inscrutable. 
Sear'cloth, s. a large strengthening plaster. 
Sear'edness, s. state of being seared. 
Sea'-robber, s. a pirate, a corsair. 
Sea'-rocket, s. the name of a plant. 
Sea'-room, ,?. open sea, far from the shore. 
Sea'-serpent, s. a huge marine animal like a 

serpent. 
Sea'-service, s. naval service. 
Sea'-shell, s. a shell found on the shore. 
Sea'-shore, *. the coast of the sea. 
Sea'-sick, a. sick by the motion of the sea. 
Sea'-sickness, s. sickness caused by a ship's 

motion. 
Sea'-side, s. the maTgin of the sea. 
Sea'son, s. one of the four divisions of the 
year, spring, summer, autumn, winter ; a 
fitting time or season for doing any thing ; 
a time not very long; that which gives a 
relish : v. to keep in season or perfection ; 
to preserve ; to give a gout or relish to. 
Seasonable, a. opportune, properly timed. 
Sea'sonableness, s. opportuneness of time. 
Sea'sonably, ad. at a proper time. 
Sea'soner, s. he who or that which seasons. 
Sea'soning, s. something added to give relish. 
Sea-surroun'ded, a. encompassed by the sea. 
Seat, s. that on which one sits, a chair ; a 
throne ; a tribunal ; situation, site ; man- 
sion, abode : v. to place on a seat, to fix, 
to settle. 
' Sea'-term, s. a nautical expression. 
| Sea'-toad, .?. an ugly fish so called. 
! Sea'-urchin, s. the echinus. 
j Sea'-walled, a. defended by the sea. 
I Sea'ward, a. directed towards the sea. 
! Sea'ward, ad. towards the sea. 
j Sea.'- water, s. the salt water of the ocean. 
I Sea'- weed, s. a common marine plant. 
I Sea'-worthiness. s. fitness to resist wind ana 
weather, applied to a ship. 
Sea'-worthy, a. fit to go to sea. 
J Seba'ceous, a. suety, resembling suet. 
j Se'cant, a. cutting, dividing: s. a line from 
the centre of a circle cutting a tangent to it. 
Sece'de, v . to withdraw or separate from. 
' Sece'der, s. one who secedes. 
Scces'sion, s. the act of seceding. 
Se'cle, s. a century, an age. 
Seclu'dc, v. to shut up apart, to exclude. 
Seclu'sion, s. a secluding, a separating. 
Seclu'sive, a. that secludes. 
Sec'ond, a. next to the first ; inferior. 
Sec'ond, s. one who accompanies or supports 
another in a duel ; a supporter ; the 60th 
part of a minute or of a degree : v. to 
follow next ; to support. 
Sec'ondarily, ad. in the second degree. 
Sec'ondariness, s. the state of beingseoondary 
Sec'ondary, a. next to the first; subordinate 

s. a delegate or deputy. 
Sec'onder, s. one who supports the proposition 

or motion of another. 
Scc'ondhand, a. not original, not new. 
Sec'ondly, ad. in the second placo. 
Sec'ond-rate, a. of the second order. 
Sec'ond-sight, s. power of seeing what is to 
follow the things now seen, or things yet 
to come. 
Sec'ond-s ; ghtcd, a. having second sight. 



SEC 



262 



SEL 



Se'crecy, tf. privacy ; close silence. 

Se'crct, a. kept apart, concealed , secluded, 
private, unknown : s. something concealed 
or unknown ; privacy. 

Sec'retary, >?. one who manages or conducts 
the affairs of a department or office ; one 
who notes and records the proceedings of 
a hoard or public body, one who writes for 
another. 

Secretaryship, s. the office of a secretary. 

Secre'te, v. to hide, to conceal ; to separate 
the various fluids of the body. 

Secre'tion, s. the separation of animal fluids. 

Se'cretist, s. a dealer in secrets. 

Seereti"tious, a. parted by animal secretion. 

Se'cretlv, ad. privately, in secret. 

Se'cretness, s. the being secret, privacy. 

Secre'tory, a. performing secretion. 

Sect, s. a body of persons who follow some 
teacher, or who are united in certain reli- 
gious tenets. 

Sectarian, a. pertaining or belonging to any 
sect : s. a member of any sect. 

Sectarianism, s. disposition to dissent from 
the established church. 

Sec'tary, Sec'tarist, s. a follower of a sect. 

Secta'tor, s. a follower, a disciple. 

Sec'tile, a. that may be cut. 

Sec'tion, s. the act of cutting ; a division. 

Sec'tional, a. pertaining to a section. 

Sec'tor, s. a geometrical instrument. 

Sec'ular, a. relating to the affairs of the pre- 
sent world, not spiritual; not bound by 
monastic rules. 

Secular'ity, s. seeularness. 

Secularization, s. the act of secularizing. 

Sec'ularizc, v. to convert to secular use. 

Sec'ularly, ad. in a worldly manner. 

Sec'ularness, s. worlclliness. 

Secu're, a. free from fear or danger ; safe ; 
confident, careless : v. to insure; to protect. 

Secu'rely, ad. without danger ; confidently. 

Seeu'rcness, s. safety ; want of vigilance. 

S-ou'rer, s. one that secures. 

Secu'rity, s. state of being secure ; protec- 
tion ; freedom from fear ; any thing given 
as a pledge or safeguard. 

Sedan', s. a portable covered chair. 

Seda'te, a. calm, quiet, still, serene. 

Seda'tely, ad. calmly, tranquilly. 

Seda'teness, s. calmness, tranquillity. 

Sed'ative, a. assuaging, composing. 

Sed'ative, s. an assuaging medicine. 

Sed'entarily, ad. in a sedentary manner. 

Sed'entariness, s. state of being sedentary. 

Sed'entary, a. sitting much, inactive. 

Sedge, s. a growth of narrow flags. 

Sed'gy, a. overgrown with narrow flags. 

Sed'iment, s. what settles at the bottom. 

Sedi"tion, 5. a tumult ; an insurrection. 

Sedi"tionary, s. an inciter to sedition. 

Sedi"tious, a. factious, mutinous, turbulent. 

Seditiously, ad. with factious turbulence. 

Sedf'tiousness, s. disposition to sedition. 

Sedu'ee. v. to mislead, to tempt, to corrupt. 

Sedu'cement, s. the act of seducing. 

Sedu'cer, s. one who seduces. 

Sedu'ciblo, a. that may be seduced. 

Seduc'tion, s. the act of seducing. 

Seduc'tive, a. tending to seduce or mislead. 

Sedu'lity, s. assiduity, diligent application. 



| Sed'ulons, a. assiduous, diligent. 

' Sed'ulously, ad. assiduously, diligently. 

Sed'ulousness, .9. assiduity, diligence. 
j See, s. the seat of episcopal authority, tha 

diocese of a bishop. 
I See, v. to perceive by the eye, to descry, to 
behold, to observe : 272*. look ! behold ! 

Seed, s. the substance, animal or vegetable, 
by means of which the species is repro- 
duced; first principle; progeny, race: 11. 
to produce seed ; to shed seed. 

Seed'-bud, 5. the germ of the fruit in embryo. 

Seed'-cake, s. a kind of sweet seedy cake. 
I Seed'-leaf, s. the primary leaf. 
! Seed'ling, s. a plant from the seed. 
j Seed'pearl, s. small grains of pearl. 

Seed'plot, s. the ground on which plants are 
I sowed to be afterwards transplanted. 
: Seeds'man, s. a sower ; he who sells seed. 
j Seed'-time, s. the season for sowing. 
1 Seed'- vessel, s that which contains the seeds. 
[ Seed'y, a. abounding with seed. 

See'ing, s. sight, vision : ad. since that. 
j Seek, v. to look or search for ; to solicit. 

Seek'er, s. one that seeks, an inquirer. 

Seel, v. to close the eyes ; to hoodwink. 

Seem, v. to appear, to have a show or sem- 
blance ; to become. 

Secm'er, s. one that carries an appearance. 

Seem'ing, s. appearance, semblance. 

Seem'ingly, ad. in appearance, in semblance. 

Seem'ingness, s. appearance, plausibility. 

Seem'liness, s. decency, becomingness, grace. 

Seen/less, a. unseemly, indecorous. 

Seem'ly, a. decent, becoming, proper, fit. 

Seem'ly, ad. in a becoming manner. 

Seer, s. one who foresees events, a prophet. 

See'saw, s. a reciprocating motion : v. to 
move with reciprocating motion. 

Seethe, v. to boil, to decoct, to be hot. 

Seeth'er, s. a boiler; a pot. 

Sega'r. See Cigar. 

Seg'ment, s. a part of a circle. 

Seg'regate, v. to separate or set apart. 

Segregation, s. a separation from others. 

Seigneu'rial, a. manorial, baronial. 

Seign'ior, s. an Italian title for lord ; the 
Grand Seignior is the sultan of Turkey. 

Seign'iorage, s. authority, lordship, baronial 
authority. 

Seign'iorize, v. to lord over. 

Seign'iory, s. a lordship, a manor. 

Seine, s. a kind of fishing-net. 

Sein'er, s. a fisher with nets. 

Seiz'able, a. that is liable to be seized. 

Seize, v. to take possession of by force ; to 
grasp, to fasten on. 

Sei'zer, s. one who seizes. 

Sei'zin, .y. the act of taking possession. 

Sei'zure, s. the act of seizing ; the thing 
seized. 

Sejunc'tion, s. the act of separating. 

Sejun'gible, a. that may be separated. 

Sel'dom, ad. rarely, not frequently. 

Select', v. to choose in preference to others. 

Select', a. selected, choice. 

Selec'tion, s. the act of choosing. 

Select'ness, s. the state of being select. 

Sel'enite, s. a subspecies of sulphate of lima 
which reflects the moon's light brilliantly 

Sclenog'raphy, s. a description of the moon. 



SEE 



263 



SEN 



Self, s. one's own person : one's personal in- 
terest : a. very, particular, one's own. 

Self-aba'sement. s. humiliation, or abasement 
of one's self. 

Self-accu'sing, a. accusing one's self. 

Self-admira'tion, s. admiration of one's self. 

Self-admi'ring, a. admiring one's self. 

Self-applau'se, s. applause of one's self. 

Self-appro' ving, a. that approves of one's own 
actions or conduct. 

Selt'-assu'med. a. assumed without authority. 

Self-ban'ished, a. exiled voluntarily. 

Self-conceit', s. high opinion of one's self. 

Self-con ceit'ed, a. vain, conceited. 

S^lf-con'tidence, s. confidence in one's self. 

Seif-con'hdent, a. confident of one's own 
powers. 

Self-consu'ming, a. that consumes itself. 

Self-convie'ted, a. convicted by one's own 
avowal or acknowledgment. 

Self-defence,*, the act of defending one's self. 

Self-delu'sion, s. the delusion of one's self. 

Self-denial, s. forbearing to indulge one's 
appetites or desires. 

Self-deny'ing, a. denying one's self. 

Self-dostruc'tion, *. voluntary destruction. 

Self-devo'ted, a. voluntarily devoted. 

Self-devou'ring, a. devouring itself. 

Self-onjoy nicnt, *. internal satisfaction. 

Self-esteem', *. high opinion of one's self. 

Self-ev'ident, a. evident by itself, not requi- 
ring any other proof. 

Self-in't rest, s. a regard to self. 

Self-in'terested,«. selfishly attentive to one's 
individual interests. 

Selfish, a regarding one's own interest only. 

Selfishly, ad. in a selfish manner. 

Selfishness, s. quality of being selfish. 

Self-lo've, s. love of one's own person. 

Self-mur'der, s. suicide. 

Self-prai'se, s. praise of one's self. 

Selfsame, s. the very same ; identical. 

Self-sufn"ciency, ,y. high opinion of one's self, 
conceit ; assurance. 

Self-suffi"eiont, a. conceited. 

Self-will', s. headstrongness, obstinacy. 

Self-wil'ied, a. governed by one's own will. 

Sell, v. to part with for a price ; to betray for 
money ; to have traffic with. 

Sel'ler, .«. one who sells, a vender. 

Sel'vedge, s. the edge of cloth, a border. 

Sem'aphore, s. a signal, a telegraph. 

Sem'blable, a like, resembling. 

Sem'blably, ad. with resemblance. 

Sem'blance, s. likeness, resemblance, show. 

Sem'blant, a. like, resembling. 

Sem'blant, S. show, figure, resemblance. 

Sem'blative, a. resembling, suitable. 

Sem'i, a. in composition, signifies half. 

Semi-an'nul: 

Sem'ibreve, 

Sem'ieircle, s. half of a circle. 

Semicir'cular, a. half round. 

Semicolon, s. half a colon, made thus (;) 
denotins a longer pause than a comma. 

Semi-eylin'drical, a. half-cylindrical. 

Semi-diam'eter, s. half a diameter. 

Scmi-diaph'anous, a. half transparent. 

Semi-ftu'id, a. imperfectly fluid. 

Scmilu'nar, a. resembling a half moon. 

Seru'i-mctal, s. a half or imperfect metal. 



half round, 
in music, half a breve. 



ing to seed; contained in 
nature of seed. 



Sem'inal, a. b 

the seed ; ra 
Seminal'ity, s. 
Sem'inary, a seminal, belonging to seed. 
Sem'inary, s. a seed-plot or place where seed 

is sown ; a sell »»!. 
Sem'inate. v to sow, to propagate. 
Semina'tion. .? the act. of sowing. 
Seminif'ic. a. producing seed. 
Semi-oss'eous, a. half as hard as bone. 
Semi-o'vate, a. half egg-shaped. 
Semipe'dal. a. in ] oetry, half a foot. 
Semi-pellu'cid. a. imperfectly clear. 
Semi-perspic'uous, a. not quite plain. 
Semi-quar'tile. s. an aspect of the planets 

when distant from each other 45°. 
Sem'iquaver. s. in music, half a quaver. 
Semi-quin'tile. s. an aspect of the plajiete 

when distant from each other 36". 
Semi-sav'age, a. half savage. 
Semi-sex'tile, s. an aspect of the planets 

when distant from each other 30°. 
Semi-spheroi'dal. a. like a half spheroid. 
Semiter'tian, s. a kind of ague. 
Sem'itone, s. halt a tone or note in music. 
Semi-tran'sept, .s\ the half of a transept. 
Semi-transpa'rcnt, a. half transparent. 
Semi-transpa'roncy, a. partial opacity. 
Semi-vit'reous, a. partially vitreous. 
Semi-vif rified, a. imperfectly vitrified. 
Semi-vo'cal. a. pertaining to a semi- vowel. 
Semi-vow'el, j. a consonant which makes an 

imperfect sound 
Sempiter'nal, a. perpetual, everlasting. 
Sempiter'nity. ,v. duration without, end. 
Semp'ster, ,v. one who sows, a seamster. 
Semp'stress. See Seamstress. 
Sen'ary, a. containing the number six. 
Sen'ate, s. an assembly of counsellors; * 

body of legislators, a parliament. 
Sen'ate house, s. a place of public council. 
Sen'ator, s. a member of the senate. 
Senato'rial. Senato'rian, a. belonging to % 

senator : b< ming a senator. 

Senato'rial ly. ad. in a senatorial manner. 
Sen'atorship. .v. the office of a senator. 
Send. v. to despatch or cause to go : to convey 

by another, to transmit ; to commission. 
Send'er, s. the persou that sends. 
Senes'cence. ,v. a growing old : decay. 
Sen'eschal. s a steward ; a high bailiff. 
Se'nile. a. belonging to old age. 
Senil'ity, s. old age. 
Se'nior.a. old< r than another; older in office: 

s. an aged person 
Seniority, *. priority of birth; eldership; 

priority in office. 
Sen'na. s. a plant used as a cathartic. 
Scn'night, [sevennighti .v. a week. 
Senoc'ular, a. having six eyes. 
Sen'sated, a. perceived by the senses. 
Sensa'tion, .v. perception by the senses ; a 

deep feeling or emotion. 
Sense, s. a faculty I y which external objects 

are perceived: perception, understanding; 

import or meaning. 
Sen'seless, a. wanting sense, stupid. 
Sen'selessly, ad. in a senseless manner. 
Sen'selessness. $ stupidity., absurdity. 
Sensibil'itv. .v susceptibility of emotion; 

acute or delicate feeling. 



SEN 



264 



SEE 



Sen'sible, a. perceptible by the senses, intel- 
ligent ; wise ; convinced, persuaded. 

Sen'sibleness, s. quality of being sensible. 

Sen'sibly, ad. in a sensible manner. 

Sen'sitive, a. having sense or acute feeling. 

Sen'sitive-plant, s. a plant, the leaves of 
■which shrink at the touch. 

Sen'sitively, ad. in a sensitive manner. 

Senso'rial, a. pertaining to the sensorium. 

Senso'rium, Sen'sory, s. the seat of sense, 
the organ of sensation. 

Sen'sual, a. pleasing to the senses; carnal. 

Sen'sualist, s. one devoted to sensuality. 

Sensuality, s. addiction to carnal pleasures. 

Sen'sual ize, v. to render sensual. 

Sen'sual ly, ad. in a sensual manner. 

Sen'suous, a. sensual ; pathetic. 

Sen'tence, s. a judgment or decision of the 
understanding ; a judicial decision, a judg- 
ment or doom; a maxim or axiom: any 
number of words joined together so as to 
make complete sense. 

Sen'tence, v. to pass judgment; to condemn. 

Senten'tial. a. comprising sentences. 

Senten'tious, a. abounding with maxims ; 
short, pithy, energetic, pointed. 

Senten'tiously, ad. in a sententious manner. 

Senten'tiousness. s. the being sententious. 

Sen'tery, Sen'try. See Sentinel. 

Sen'tient, a. havingthe faculty of perception : 
, s. a, being having sensation. 
'Sen'timent, s. a feeling, a thought, a notion, 
an opinion ; sensibility. 

Sentimen'tal, a. abounding with sentiment. 

Sentimen'talism, tf. sentimentality. 

Sentimen'talist, s. one that affects exquisite 
sensibility. 

Sentimentai'ity, .?. affectation of sensibility. 

Sen'tinel, s. a soldier on guard. 

Sen'try, j. a sentinel ; a watch. 

Sen'try-box, s. a place to shelter the sentinel 
from the weather. 

Separability, s. the being separable. 

Sep'arable, a. that may be separated. 

Sep'arableness, s. capability of separation. 

Sep'ai'ate, v. to part, to disunite, to divide. 

Sep'arate, a. divided, disunited, distinct. 

Separately, ad. apart, singly, distinctly. 

Sep'arateness, s. state of being separate. 

Separation, s. a disjunction ; a divorce. 

Separatist, s. a schismatic ; a seccder. 

Sep'arator, s. one who secedes ; a divider. 

Sep'aratory, s. a chymkal vessel for separa- 
ting liquors : a. used in separation. 

Sep'iment, s. a hedge ; a fence. 

Sepoy, s. an Indian native who is a soldier in 
the infantry of the East-India Company. 

Sept, s. a clan, a race. 

Septan'gular, a. having seven angles. 

Septem'ber, s. the ninth month of the year. 

Sep'tenary, .?. the number seven. 

Sep'tenary, a. consisting of seven. 

Septen'nial, a. lasting seven years. 

Septen'trion, s. the north : a. northern. 

Septen'trional, a. relating to the north. 

Septen'trionally, ad. towards the north. 

Septen'trionate. v. to tend northerly. 

Sep'tic, Sep'tical, a. having power to promote 
putrefaction. 

Sep'tic, s. a septic substance. 

Septi"city, s. tendency to putrefaction. 



Septilateral, a. having seven sides. 
Septuagenarian, s. one who has attained the 

age of seventy years. 
Septua"genary, a. consisting of seven times 

ten or seventy : s. a man of seventy. 
Septuages'ima, [Lat.] s. the third Sunday 

before Lent, so called because it is about. 

seventy days before Easter. 
Soptuages'imal, a. consisting of seventy. 
Sep'tuagint, .?. the old Greek version of the 

Old Testament, so called, as being supposed 

the work of 70 interpreters. 
Sep tuple, a. seven times as much. 
Sep'tum, s. a membrane that serves as a par- 
tition in any organ. 
Sepui'chral, a- relating to burial, &c. 
Sep'ulchre, s. a tomb, a grave. 
Sep'ukhre, v. to bury, to entomb. 
Sep'ulture, s. interment, burial. 
Sequa'cious, a. following, ductile, pliant. 
Sequa'ciousness, s. state of being sequacious. 
Sequa"city, *. sequaciousness. 
Se'quel, s. that which follows, consequence. 
Sequence, s. a following order. 
Se'quent, a. following : s. a follower. 
Seques'ter, v. to take possession of property 

for the benefit of creditors ; to put aside, 

to deprive of ; to withdraw for the sake of 

privacy. 
Seques'trable, a. that may be sequestered. 
Seques'trate. v. to take possession of property 

for the benefit of creditors. 
Sequestra'tion, s. a separation ; retirement; 

deprivation of profits. 
Sequestra'tor, s. he into whose custody the 

thing in dispute is committed. 
Se'quin, s. a gold coin of Venice and Turkey. 
Seragl'io, s. the palace of the Grand Seignior 

or Sultan ; a harem. 
Ser'aph, s. one of an order of angels. 
Seraph'ic, a. belonging to a seraph, angelic. 
Ser'aphim, s . the plural of Seraph. 
Seras'kier, s. a Turkish general. 
Sere. See Sear. 
Serena'de, s. music by lovers in the night 

v. to entertain with nocturnal music. 
Sere'ne, v. to calm, to quiet. 
Sere'ne, a. calm, piacid, quiet, unruffled. 
Sere'nely, ad. calmly, quietly, coolly. 
Sere'neness, Seren'ity, s. calmness, peace. 
Serf, s. a slave employed in husbandry. 
Serge, s. a kind of thin woollen cloth. 
Ser'geant, s. a petty officer in the army ; a 

degree in law next below a judge. 
Ser'geantry,^. a particular service due to the 

king for the tenure of lands. 
Ser'geantship, s. the office of a sergeant. 
Seria'tim, [Lat.] ad. in order. 
Seri"ceous, a. pertaining to silk, silky. 
Se'ries, s. order, succession, course. 
Serio-com'ic, a. uniting pathos with humor. 
Se'rious, a. grave, solemn, not volatile ; ir 

earnest; not trifling, important. 
Se'riously, ad. gravely, solemnly, in earnest, 
Se'riousness, s. quality of being serious. 
Ser'mon, s. a discourse from the pulpit ; & 

serious exhortation : v. to sermonize. 
Ser'monize, v. to preach, to make sermons ; 

to give instructions in a formal manner. 
Seros'ity, s. thin watery part of the blood. 
Se'rous, a. thin, watery, adapted to serum-. 






SEE 



205 



SHA 



Ser'pent, s. a snake ; a musical instrument. 

SeTpenta'ria, s. the plant snake-root. 

Serpenta'rius, s. a northern constellation. 

Ser'pentine, a. winding like a serpent. 

Ser'pentine, Ser'pentize, v. to wind like a 
serpent; to meander. 

Ser'pentine-stone, s. a species of talc spotted 
like a serpent's skin. 

Ser'pent's-tongue, s. a kind of plant. 

Serpiginous, a. diseased with serpigo. 

Serpigo, s. a kind of tetter ; a ringworm. 

Ser'rate, Ser'rated, a. jagged like a saw. 

Serration, s. formation in the shape of a saw. 

Ser'rature,^. indenture like the teeth of a saw. 

Ser'ried, a. closely joined. 

Sor'ry, v. to crowd or drive together. 

Se'rurn, s. the watery part of the hlood. 

Ser'vant, s. one who serves another. 

Ser'vant-maid, s. a female servant. 

Ser'vant-man, s. a male servant. 

Serve, v. to work for as a servant ; to attend 
at command ; to assist, to be of use to ; to 
supply with food ; to worship. 

Ser'vice, s. the business of a servant ; office, 
duty, use ; a course or order of dishes. 

Serviceable, a. useful, of service. 

Ser'vieeableness, s. usefulness. 

Ser'viceably, ad. so as to be serviceable. 

Ser'vient, a. subordinate. 

Servile, a. slavish, mean, fawning. 

Ser'vilely, ad. meanly, slavishly, pitifully. 

Ser'vileness, s. dependence, slavery. 

Servility, s. slavishness, meanness. 

Ser'vitor, s. an attendant ; in the university 
of Oxford, a student of the lowest order. 

Ser'vitorship, s. office of a servitor. 

Ser'vitude, *. slavery, dependence. 

Ses'ame, Ses'ama, s. a species of Indian corn 
of which oil is made. 

Sesquip'cdal, Sesquipedalian, a. containing 
a foot and a half. 

Sess. See Cess and Assess. 

Ses'quitone, s. in music, a minor third. 

Ses'sile, a. in botany, sitting on the stem. 

Ses'sion, s. a sitting of magistrates or sena- 
tors , the term d uring which parliament sits. 

Ses'sional, a. pertaining to a session. 

Ses'terce, s. a Roman silver coin. 

Ses'tine, s. a stanza of six lines. 

Set, v. to place, to fix, to frame, to plant. 

Set, a. fixed, regular, formal. 

Set, s. a number of things suited to each 
other ; a number of persons associated, a 
gang ; a slip of a plant for growth. 

Seta'ceous, a. bristly, set with strong hairs. 

Set-off, s. a counterbalance ; a decoration. 

Se'ton, s. an issue or rowel. 

Se'tous, a. in botany, bristly. 

Settee', s. a long seat with a back. 

Setter, s. one who sets ; a kind of dog. 

Set'ting, s. the apparent descent of the sun 
or other heavenly body below the horizon. 

Set'tle, s. a seat, a bench with a seat. 

Settle, v. to fix in any placo or way of life ; 
to establish, to compose, to subside. 

Set'tle dness, s. the state of being settled. 

Set'tlement,5.the actof settling ; adjustment; 
a jointure granted to a wife ; a place where a 
colony is established. The Act of Settlement 
was that of the 1 2th and 13th of William III., 
which fixed the succession to the crown. 



Set'tler, s. one who settles in a colony. 
Settling, s. settlement ; dregs, lees. 
Se^en, a. four and three, one more than six. 
Sev'enfold, a. repeated seven times. 
Sevenfold, ad. as seven to one. 
Sev'ennight, Sen'night, s. a week. 
Sev'enscore, a. seven times twenty. 
Sev'entoen, a. ten and seven. 
Seventeenth, a. the ordinal of seventeen. 
Sev'enth, a. the ordinal of seven. 
Sev'enthly, ad. in the seventh place. 
Seventieth, a. the ordinal of seventy. 
Seventy, a. seven times ten. 
Sev'er, v. to force asunder, to divide, to disjoin. 
Sev'eral, a. divers, many, distinct. 
Sev'eral, s. each particular taken singly. 
Several'ity, Sev'eralty, s. state of separation 

from the rest ; distinction. 
Se^eralize, v. to distinguish. 
Severally, ad. distinctly, separately. 
Sev'erance, s. separation, partition. 
Seve're, a. rigorous, harsh, cruel ; painful, 

afflictive ; rigid, strict, grave. 
Seve'rely, ad. with severity. 
Severity, s. rigour, hardship, cruel treatment. 
Sew, v. to join, with a needle and thread. 
Sew'er, s. one who sews. 
Sew'er, s. a drain or passage for water. 
Sew'er, s. an officer that served up a feast. 
Sex, s. the distinction of male and female. - 
Sexagena'rian, s. a person aged sixty. 
Sexa"genary, a. aged sixty years. 
Sexageslrna, s. the second Sunday before 

Lent, (the sixtieth day before Easter.) 
Sexagesimal, a. numbered by sixties. 
Sexan'gled, Sexan'gular, a. having six angles. 
Sexen'nial, a. lasting six years. 
Sexen'nially, ad. once in six years. 
Sex'tant, s. the sixth part of a circle. 
Sex'tile, s. the aspect of two planets which 

are 60°, or two signs apart. 
Sex'ton, s. a sacristan ; a grave-digger. 
Sex'tonship, s. the office of a sexton. 
Sextuple, a. sixfold, six times told. 
Sex'ual, a. relating to the sexes. 
Shab'bily, ad. in a shabby manner. 
Shab'biness, s. state or quality of being 

shabby. 
Shab'by, a. mean in attire, slovenly ; mean 

in conduct, paltry. 
Shac'kle, v. to chain, to fetter, to bind. 
Shac'kles, s. pi. fetters, chains, gyves. 
Shad, s. the name of a fish. 
Shad'dock, s. a variety of the orange. 
Shade, s. an interception of light, darkness, 

obscurity ; a shelter, a screen ; an obscure 

place, the dark part of a picture ; a spirit, 

a ghost : v. to cover from light or heat. 
Sha'diness, s. the state of being shady. 
Sha'ding, s. gradation of light or color. 
Shad'ow, s. a shade, a faint representation, 

opposed to substance; a type ; protection. 
Shad'ow, v. to cloud, to darken ; to represent 

imperfectly or typically. 
Shad'owing, s . gradation of light or color. 
Shad'owy, a. full of shade, dark, gloomy ; 

typical, unsubstantial. 
Sha'dy, a. full of shade, sheltered. 
Shaft, s. an arrow ; the pole of a carriage ; 

the handle of a weapon ; a narrow perpen- 
dicular pit. 

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Shag, s. rough woolly hair ; rough cloth. 

Shag, v. to make shaggy or rough. 

Shag'gedness, s. state of being shaggy. 

Shaggy, Shag'ged, a. hairy, rough, rugged. 

Shagreen', s. skin of a kind of fish, or leather 
made rough in imitation of it. 

Shah, s. the Persian word for king. 

Shake, v. to tremble, to totter, to be agitated. 

Shake, *. a vibratory motion ; concussion. 

Sha'ker, s. he or that which shakes. 

Sha'king, s. vibratory motion, trembling. 

Shale, s. a husk ; clay-slate. 

Shall, v. denoting future time. 

Shalloon', s. a slight woollen stuff originally 
made at Chalons in France. 

Shal'lop, s. a small vessel. 

Shal'low, a. not deep ; superficial, silly. 

Shal'low, s. a shoal, a sand, a flat. 

Shal'low-brained, a. foolish, trifling. 

Shallowness, s. want of depth or thought. 

Shalot', s. a kind of small onion. 

Sham, v. to counterfeit, to trick, to cheat. 

Sham, s. a delusion, an imposture, a trick. 

Sham, a. false, counterfeit, fictitious. 

Sham'bles, s. a place where butchers kill or 
sell meat ; a slaughter-house. 

Sham'bling, a. moving awkwardly. 

Shame, s. reproach, ignominy, disgrace. 

Shame, v. to make ashamed, to disgrace. 

Sha'mefaced, a. modest, bashful, sheepish. 

Sha'mefacedly, ad. bashfully, with modesty. 

Sha'mefaeedness, s. bashfulness, modesty. 

Shameful, a. disgraceful, ignominious. 

Sha'mefully, ad. disgracefully, infamously. 

Sha'mefulness, s. disgracefulness. 

Sha'meless, a. without shame, impudent. 

Sha'melessly, ad. impudently, audaciously. 

Sha'inelessness, s. impudence, immodesty. 

Sham'mer, s. a cheat, an impostor. 

Sham'my, s. a soft kind of leather made of 
the skin of the Chamois. 

Sham'ois. See Chamois. 

Shampoo', v. to rub and press the limbs and 
muscles after warm bathing, &c. 

Shampooing, s. the act of kneading and rub- 
bing the limbs after warm bathing or fa- 
tigue, as is practised in the East. 

Sham'rock, s. a species of trefoil, the emblem 
of Irish nationality. 

Shank, s. middle joint of the leg, the handle. 

Sbape, v. to form, to mould, to make ; to suit. 

Shape, s. form, make, pattern. 

Sha'peless, a. wanting regularity of form. 

Sha'pelessness, s. without regular form. 

Sha'peliness, s. beauty of proportion or form. 

Sha'pely, a. well-formed, symmetrical. 

Shard, s. a piece of a broken pot or earthen 
\essel ; a piece of a shell ; the sheath that 
covers the wings of some insects. 

Shard'ed, a. having wings as within shells. 

Share, s. a division, a proportion, an allot- 
ment ; a part contributed ; the blade of a 
plough : v. to divide, to partake with 
others, to cut. 

Share-holder, s. one who holds a share or 
sbares in a joint-stock company. 

Sha'rer, s. one who divides, a partaker. 

Sha'ring, s. participation. 

Shark, s. a voracious sea-fish ; a greedy, art- 
ful person : v. to live by petty rapine and 
fraud. 



Shark'ing, s. petty rapine, trickery. 

Sharp, a. having a keen edge or fine point, 
piercing, acute, quick ; acid ; shrill. 

Sharp, s. a sharp or acute sound. 

Sharp, v. to make keen, to sharpen. 

Sharp'-edged, a. having a fine keen edge.- 

Sharp'en, v. to make or grow sharp. 

Sharp'er, s. a cheating tricking fellow. 

Sharp'ly, ad. with sharpness. 

Sharp'ness, s. keenness ; ingenuity ; severity. 

Sharp'-set, a. eager, hungry. 

Sharp'-shooter, s. one of the rifle corps. 

Sharp'-sighted, a. having quick sight. 

Sharp'-visaged, a. having a sharp or thin face. 

Sharp'-witted, a. having an acute mind. 

Shas'ter, s. the sacred book of the Hindoos. 

Shat'ter, v. to break into pieces, to impair. 

Shat'terbrained, a. inattentive, giddy. 

Shat'ters, s.pl. the fragments of any thing 
forcibly broken. 

Shat'tery, a. disunited ; not compact. 

Shave, v. to pare close with a razor ; to cut 
into thin slices ; to strip, to pillage. 

Sha'ver, s. one who shaves ; a sharp dealer. 

Sha'ving, s. the act of paring the surface ; a 
thin slice pared off any thing. 

Shaw, s. a thicket, a small wood. 

Shawl, j. an article of female dress. 

Shawm, Shalm, s. a hautboy or cornet. 

She, the female personal pronoun. 

Sheaf, s. a bundle of new-cut corn ; any bun- 
dle or collection held together. 

Sheaf, v. to collect into sheaves. 

Shear, v. to clip or cut off with shears. 

Shear'er, s. one that shears sheep, &c. 

Shear'man, s. he that shears. 

Shears, .?. a large kind of scissors. 

Sheath, s. a scabbard, the case of any thing. 

Sheathe, v. to put into a sheath. 

Sheath'ing, s. that which defends as a sheath. 

Sheath'less, a. not having a sheath. 

Sheath-wing'ed, a. having the wings pro- 
tected with cases or coverings. 

Sheath'y, a. forming a sheath. 

Sheave, v. See Sheaf. 

Shed, s. a shelter made of boards, &c. 

Shed. v. to spill, to scatter, to let fall. 

Shed'der, s. a spiller ; one who sheds. 

Sheen, s. brightness, splendour : a. bright. 

Sheen'y, a. bright, shining. 

Sheep, s. a well-known animal. 

Sheep'cot, s. a small inclosure for sheep. 

Sheep'fold, s. an inclosure to pen sheep in. 

Sheep'hook, 5. a shepherd's crook. 

Sheep'ish, a. awkwardly bashful, timorous. 

Sheepishly, ad. in a sheepish manner. 

Sheep'ishness, s. timorous diffidence. 

Sheep's-eye, s. a loving sly look. 

Sheep'-shearer, s. one who shears sheep. 

Sheep'-shearing, s. the time of shearing 
sheep; a feast made when sheep are shorn. 

Sheep'-stealer, s. one who steals sheep. 

Sheep'-walk, s. pasture ground for sheep 

Sheer, a. unmixed, pure. 

Sheer, v. to slip off clandestinely. 

Sheer -hulk, s. an old ship of war fitted up for 
dismasting other ships. 

Sheer'ly, ad. at once, quite. 

Sheers, s. an engine for raising weights, par- 
ticularly the masts of ships. 

Sheet, v. to cover as with a sheet= 



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Sheet, s. linen for a bed ; the sail of a ship ; 
as much paper as is made into one piece ; 
any thing expanded, as a sheet of water, 
sheet-iron, &c. 

Sheet-an'chor, s. the largest anchor. 

Sheet-cop'per, s. copper in broad thin plates. 

Sheet'ing, s. cloth for making sheets. 

Sheet-i'ron, 5. iron in broad thin plates. 

Sheet-lead', s. lead in sheets. 

Sheik, s. a title of respect among the Bedouin 
Arabs ; a chief ; in Egypt, a kind of priest. 

Shek'el, .5. a Jewish coin, value 2s. 6d. 

Shel'drake, s. a kind of wild duck. 

Shelf, *. a board fixed to a wall, &c. to place 
things on ; a sand-bank or ledge of rocks 
in the sea. 

Shelf 'y, a. full of hidden rocks or banks. 

Shell, s. a crustaceous covering ; the outer 
part of a house ; a coarse kind of coffin ; 
a bomb or hollow iron ball. 

Shell, v . to strip off or cast the shell. 

Shell'-fish, s. a fish covered with a shell. 

Shell'-work, .?. ornaments made of shells. 

Shel'ly, a. abounding with shells. 

Shel'ter, s. a cover from injury ; protection. 

Shel'ter, v. to give shelter, to protect. 

Shel'ter] ess, a. without home or refuge. 

Shel'tery, a. affording shelter. 

Shel'tie, Shel'ty, *. a small Scotch horse. 

Shelve, v. to place on a shelf; to lay aside 
as out of use ; to slope. 

Shel'ving, a. sloping, slanting. 

Shel'vy, a. shallow, full of banks, rocky. 

Shep'herd, s. one who tends slieep. 

Shep'herdess, s. a female that tends sheep. 

Shep'herdish, a. like a shepherd. 

Shep'herdly, a. pastoral, rustic. 

Sher'bet, J. a Persian beverage, composed of 
lemon-juice, sugar, and rose-water. 

Sher'iff, s. the shire reeve or the chief legal 
functionary of a county. 

Sheriffalty, s. the office of a sheriff. 

Sher'ry, s. a kind of Spanish white wine. 

Shew. See Show. 

Shib'boleth, [Hebrew] s. the criterion or 
watchword of a party. 

Shield, s. a buckler, defence, protection. 

Shield, v. to protect, to defend. 

Shift, v. to change, to alter ; to find some ex- 
pedient ; to practise evasions : s. a change, 
an evasion ; a female's body linen. 

Shift'er, s. an artful person, a trickster. 

Shift'ing, .?. the act of changing, evasion. 

Shift'ingly, ad. by shifts or tricks. 

Shift'lcss, «. without a shift or expedient. 

Shil'ling, s. a silver coin, value 12 pence. 

Shilly-shally, s. hesitation, want of determi- 
nation; ridiculous indecision. 

Shin, s. the fore part of the leg. 

Shine, w.,to glisten, to glitter, to be conspic- 
uous ; to be glossy, gay, splendid. 

6hine, s. brightness, lustre ; fair weather. 

Shi'ness, s. unwillingness, reservedness. 
Shin'gle, s. a thin board for covering houses; 

round loose stones. 
Shin'gles, s. a kind of tetter. 
Shi'mng, u. bright; splendid; illustrious. 
Shi'ny, a. bright, luminous. 
Ship, s. a vessel for sailing, properly one with 

three masts : V. to put on board a ship. 
Ship'board, ad. on board or in a ship. 



SHO 

Ship'boy, s. a boy that serves in a ship. 

Ship'-builder, s. he who constructs a ship. 

Ship'-building, s. naval architecture. 

Ship-chan'dler, s. one who deals in ship 
tackling, as cordage, canvass, <fec. 

Ship'-holder, s. the owner of a ship. 

Ship'less, a. without a ship. 

Ship'man, s. a sailor, a sea-faring man. 

Ship'mate, s. one who serves in the same ship. 

Ship'ment, s. the act of loading a ship. 

Ship'-money, s. an imposition or tax formerly 
levied for fitting out the king's ships. 

Ship'-owner, s. a proprietor of shipping. 

Ship'ping, s. ships collectively. 

Ship'ping, a. relating to ships. 

Ship'wreck, s. the destruction of a ship by 
being dashed against rocks or shelves ; 
destruction, miscarriage : V. to suffer ship- 
wreck ; to destroy completely. 

Ship'wright, s. a ship carpenter or builder. 

Shire, s. a division of the kingdom, a county 

Shi'remote, s. anciently, a county court 

Shirk, v. to steal away from, to avoid. 

Shirt, s. a man's under linen garment : v. 
to put on, or furnish with a shirt. 

Shirt'less, a. destitute of a shirt. 

Shit'tah, Shit'tim, s. a sort of precious wood. 

Shit'tle-coek. See Shut'tle-cock. 

Shive, s. a shaving or slice ; a splinter. 

Shiv'er, s. one fragment of many into which 
any thing is broken ; a slice, a little piece : 
v. to break into shivers. 

Shiv'er, v. to quake, to tremble ; to shuddet 
as with cold or fear. 

Shiv'er-spar, s. a carbonate of lime. 

Shivering, s. the act of trembling. 

Shiv'ery, a. easily shivered, loose. 

Shoad'-stone, s. a dark liver-colored stone. 

Shoal, s. a crowd or multitude : v. to crowd, 
to throng. 

Shoal, s. a shallow, a sand-bank : v. to grow 
shallow : a. shallow, obstructed with banks. 

Shoal'iness, s. frequency of shallow places. 

Shoal'y, a. full of shoals or shallows. 

Shock, s. a conflict, a concussion ; an offence. 

Shock, v. to shake violently ; to disgust ; to 
offend, to be offensive. 

Shock, s. a rough shaggy dog. 

Shock, s. a pile of sheaves of corn. 

Shock'ing, a. disgusting, dreadful, violent. 

Shock'ingly, ad. so as to disgust ; offensively. 

Shoe, s. the outer cover of the foot. 

Shoe, v. to fit the foot with a shoe. 

Shoe'black, s. one who cleans shoes. 

Shoe'boy, s. a boy that cleans shoes. 

Shoe'buekle, s. a buckle to fasten the shoo. 

Shoe'inghorn, *. a horn to draw on shoes. 

Shoe'less, a. destitute of shoes. 

Shoe'maker, *. one who makes shoes. 

Shoe'r, s. one who fits the foot with a shoe. 

Shoe'string, s. a riband to tie the shoes. 

Shog, s. violent concussion : v. to shake. 

Shone. See the verb Shine. 

Shoot, ,9. tho act of shooting ; a young branch. 

Shoot, v. to discharge as from a gun or bow; 
to strike or kill with any thing shot ; ti 
fly with speed ; to emit, to thrust out, to 
jut out ; to germinate, to sprout ; to diver- 
sify as by a color cast or thrown by thy 
waTp ; to feel a quick glancing pain. 
Shoot'er, s. one that shoots, an archer. 
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Shoot'ing, s. act of emitting as from a gun ; 

sensation of quick pain. 
Shop, s. a place of sale or for work : v. to 

visit shops for purchasing goods. 
Shop'board, s. a bench or table to work on. 
Shop'keeper, s. one who keeps a shop. 
Shop'lifter, s. one who, under pretence of 

buying, steals goods from a shop. 
Shoplifting, s. the crime of a shoplifter. 
Shop'man, s. a man who serves in a shop. 
Shop'woman. s. a female who serves in a shop. 
Shore, j. the coast of the sea: v. to set onshore. 
Shore, v. to prop, to support : s. a prop, a 

buttress. 
Sho'reless, a. having no shore ; boundless. 
Short, a. not long ; not adequate, scanty, 

deficient ; brittle, friable : ad. not long, 

quickly. 
Short'-breathed, a. having shortnessofbreath. 
Short'-dated, a. having little time to run. 
Short'en, v. to make short, to contract. 
Short'hand, s. a short method of writing. 
Shurt'-lived, a. not living or lasting long. 
Shortly, ad. quickly, soon ; concisely 
Shortness, a. the quality of being short. 
Short-sight'ed, a. unable to see far. 
Short-sight'eduess, s. inability to see far. 
Short'-waisted, a. having a short body. 
Short'-winded, a. short-breathed, asthmatic. 
Shot, s. the act of shooting ; that which is 

discharged ; small globules of lead. 
Shot. See Scot and Escot. 
Shot'free, a. clear of the reckoning. 
Shot'ten, a. having ejected the spawn. 
Shough, Shock, s. a species of shaggy dog. 
Should, v. the past tense of Shall. 
Shoul'der, s. the joint that connects the arm 

to the body, the upper joint in the foreleg 

of a quadruped ; a rising part, a promi- 
nence : v. to put on the shoulder ; to push 

rudely. 
Shoul'derbelt, s. a belt for the shoulder. 
Shoul'derblade, s. the bone of the shoulder. 
Shoul'derknot, s. a knot of lace or riband 

worn on the shoulder. 
Shout, s- a loud cry : v. to utter a loud cry. 
Shout'er, s. one who utters a shout. 
Shouting, s . the act of loudly vociferating. 
Shove, v. to push by main strength, to push. 
Shove, s. the act of shoving, a push. 
Shov'el, s. an instrument with a handle and 

broad scoop. 
Shov'el, v . to heap up with a shovel. 
Shov'elboard, s. a game and table to play on. 
Shov'eller, s. a fowl of the duck kind. 
Show, v. to exhibit to ^ iew ; to prove, to 

make known, to teach ; to appear, to look: 

s. a spectacle, a display ; semblance ; pomp. 
Show'-bread, s. bread exhibited or laid weekly 

on the golden table of the Jewish sanctuary. 
Show'er, s. a fall of rain or hail ; a copious 

fall : v. to water with a shower ; to bestow 

liberally. 
Show'erless, a. without showers. 
Show'ery, a. abounding with showers. 
Show'ily, ad. in a showy way, gaudily. 
Show'iness, s. state of being showy. 
Show'y, a. splendid, gaudy, ostentatious. 
Shred, s. a small piece, a fragment. 
Shred, v. to cut into small pieces. 
Shxed'ding, s. that which is cut off. 



Shrew, s. a peevish brawling woman. 
Shrewd, a. cunning, smart, sagacious. 
Shrewd'ly, ad. cuuningly, wittil} 7 , slily. 
Shrewd'ness, s. sly cunning, acuteness. 
Shrew'ish, a. peevish, petulant, brawling. 
Shrew'ishly, ad. petulantly, frowardiy. 
Shrew'ishness, s. petulance, frowardness. 
Shrew'-mouse, s. a mouse of which the bite 

is erroneously supposed to be venomous. 
Shriek, v. to utter a sharp shrill cry, to 

scream : s. a cry of anguish or horror. 
Shriev'alty, s. the office of sheriff. 
Shrift, s. confession made to a priest. 
Shrill, a. having an acute piercing sound. 
Shrill, v. to make an acute piercing sound. 
ShriU'ness, s. sharpness of sound. 
Shril'ly, ad. with a sharp sound. 
Shrimp, s. a small crustaceous fish ; a little 

wrinkled man : v. to contract. 
Shrine, s. a case in which something sacred 

is deposited. 
Shrink, s. contraction into less space. 
Shrink, v. to contract spontaneously, to 

shrivel ; to fall back as from fear. 
Shrink'er, s. one who shrinks. 
Shrinking, s. act of drawing back through 

fear or from danger. 
Shrive, v. to hear at confession. 
Shrivel, v. to contract into wrinkles. 
Shri'ver, s. a confessor. 
Shri'ving, s. the act of confessing. 
Shroud, s. a shelter, a cover ; the dress of the 

dead : v. to shelter, to cover ; to dress for 

the grave. 
Shrouds, s. pi. ropes extended from th» 

mast-head to the sides of a ship. 
Shroud'y, a. affording shelter. 
Shro've-tide. Shrove-Tu'esday, s. the day be-' 

fore Ash- Wednesday, or Lent. 
Shro'ving, a", the festivity of Shrovetide. 
Shrub, s. a bush; spirit with acid and sugar. 
Shrub'bery, s. a plantation of shrubs. 
Shrub'by, a. full of or like shrubs. 
Shrug, v. to contract or draw up. 
Shrug, s. a contraction of the shoulders to- 

signify contempt, pity, or aversion. 
Shrunk, Shrunk'en, p. and a. contracted. 
Shud'der, v. to tremble with fear or horror. 
Shud'der, s. a tremor from fear or horror. 
Shuffle, v. to shove or move cards frequently 

from one hand to the other ; to keep chang- 
ing one's ground or position ; to prevaricate; 

to move with an irregular gait : s. the act 

of shuffling, a trick. 
Shuf 'flecap, s. a kind of play or game. 
Shuffler, s. one who shuffles. 
Shuffling, s. a shuffle, a trick ; an irregular 

gait : a. evasive; having an irregular gait. 
Shun, v. to avoid ; to decline. 
Shut, v. to close, to confine ; to prohibit, to 

exclude ; to contract. 
Shut'ter, s. a cover for a window, &c. 
Shut'tle, *. an instrument with which a wea- 
ver shoots the cross threads. 
Shut'tle-cock, s. a cork stuck with feathers 

to be beaten backwards and forwards. 
Shy, a. reserved, cautious, suspicious. 
Shyly, ad. in a shy manner. 
Shy'ness, Shi'ness, s. reserve, coyness. 
Sibe'rian, a. relating to Siberia. 
Sib'ilant, a. hissing. 



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Sibila'tion, s. a hi3sing sound, 
Sib'yl, s. a pagan prophetess. 
Sib'yline, a. of or belonging to a sibyl. 
Sic'cative, a. causing to dry : s. that -which 

promotes drying. 
Sic'city, s. dryness, want of moisture. 
Sice, s. the number six at dice. 
Sick,«. afflicted with disease, ill, inclined to 

vomit ; disgusted. 
Sick'en, v. to make sick; to disgust. 
Sick'ish,a. somewhat sick, inclined to be sick. 
Sick'ishness, s. a tendency to sickness. 
Sio'kle, s. a hook for reaping corn. 
Sick'led, a. furnished with a sickle. 
Sickliness, s. the state of being sickly. 
Sick'ly, a. not healthy, faint, weak. 
Sick'ness, s. state of being ill, a disease. 
Side, s. the part of an animal in which the ribs 

are situated; the margin, the edge; the 

part between the top and the bottom ; any 

part as opposed to another ; party, interest. 
Side, a. lateral, oblique, not direct. 
Side, v. to join or take a part with. 
Si'deboard, s. a side table in a dining-room 

on which conveniences are placed. 
Side-box, s. an enclosed seat in a theatre. 
Si'delong, a. lateral, oblique : ad. laterally. 
Si'der, s. one that joins a party. 
Sid'eral. See Sidereal. 
Sid'erated, a. planet-struck, blasted. 
Side'real, a. starry, astral. 
Sid'erite, s. a phosphate of iron ; a loadstone. 
Si'de-saddle, s. a woman's saddle. 
Si'desman, s. a churchwarden's assistant. 
Si'deways, Si'dewise, ad. on one side. 
Si'dle, v. to go side foremost. 
Siege, s. the act of besieging or besetting a 

fortified place; any continued endeavour 

to get possession ; a seat. 
Sies'ta, [Sp.] s. the afternoon's nap or short 

sleep, regularly taken by the inhabitants 

of hot countries. 
Sieve, s. a vessel with a bottom of net-work, 

more or less fine, used to separate the fine 

part of any thing from the coarse. 
Sift, v. to put through a sieve ; to separate ; 

to examine minutely. 
Sift'er, s. one who sifts, a sieve. 
Sigh, s. a mournful breathing, a sob. 
Sigh, v. to lament ; to breathe audibly. 
Si'gher, s. one who sighs. 
Si'ghing, s. act of breathing deeply, as in grief. 
Sight, s. the sense of seeing ; the act of see- 
ing ; that which is seen ; a view, a spectacle. 
Si'ghtfulness, s. clearness of sight. 
Si'ghtless, a. blind ; not sightly, offensive. 
Si'ghtliness, s. quality of being sightly. 
Si'ghtly, a. pleasing to the eye, seemly. 
Si"gil. j. a seal, a signature. 
Si"gillative, a. fit or belonging to a seal. 
Sigmoi'dal, a. curved like the Greek sigma. 
Sign, s. a mark, a token ; an indication ; a 

device, a symbol ; a wonder, a miracle ; a 

constellation in the zodiac. 
Sign, v. to mark, to ratify by writing. 
Sig'nal, s. a sign that gives notice ; a mark. 
Sig'nal, a. memorable, remarkable. 
Signal'ity, s. quality of being remarkable. 
Sig'nal ize, v. to make eminent. 
Sig'nally, ad. remarkably, memorably. 
Signa'tion, s. an act of betokening. 



Signatory, a. relating to a seal. 

Sig'nature, 5. a mark or sign ; a person's 
name signed ; among printers, a letter to 
distinguish different sheets. 

Sign'er, s. one that signs his name. 

Sig'net, s. a small seal. 

Significance, Signif'icancy, s. meaning, im- 
port ; force, importance. 

Significant, a. expressive, bearing a mean- 
ing : important : s. that which is significant. 

Significantly, ad. with force of expression. 

Signification, s. a meaning by sign or word. 

Significative, a. strongly expressive. 

Signif'icatively, ad. in a significant manner. 

Significa'tor, s. that which signifies. 

Signif icatory, a. that betokens. 

Sig'nify, v. to declare, to mean, to import. 

Sig'nior. See Seignior. 

Sign^man'ual, s. an autograph signature. 

Si'gn-post, s. that upon which a sign hangs. 

Si'lence, s. stillness, taciturnity, secrecy. 

Si'lence ! int. commanding silence. 

Si'lence, v. to forbid to speak ; to still. 

Si'lent, a. mute, still, quiet, not speaking. 

Silen'tiary, s. one who keeps silence ; one 
sworn not to divulge secrets of state. 

Si'lently, ad. without speech or noise. 

Si'lentness, s. state of being silent. 

Si'lex, Sil'ica, s. crystal, quartz, flint. 

Sili"ceous, a. made of flint ; flinty. 

Sili"cium, s. the supposed metallic base of 
silex or silica. 

Sil'iqua, [Lat.] s. a pod or capsule ; a carat, 
six to a scruple. 

Sil'iquose, Sil'iquous, a. having a pod. 

Silk, s. a fine soft thread, spun by silkworms; 
cloth made of it. 

Silk, Silk'en, a. made of silk; soft, tender. 

Silk'iness, s. softness, smoothness. 

Silk'man, Silk'mercer, s. a dealer in silk. 

Silk'-weaver, s. a weaver of silken stuffs. 

Silk'-worm, s. the worm that spins silk. 

Silk'y, a. made of silk ; soft, tender. 

Sill, s. the timber or stone at the foot of a 
door or window. 

Sil'labub, s. a liquor made of milk, cider or 
wine, sugar, &c. 

Sil'lily, ad. in a silly manner, foolishly. 

Sil'liness, s. simplicity, harmless folly. 

Sil'ly, a. simple, foolish ; harmless. 

Silt, s. mud, slime. 

Sil'van, a. woody, full of woods. 

Sil'ver, s. a precious metal ; money. 

Sil'ver, a. made of or like silver. 

Sil'ver, v. to overlay with silver. 

Sil'ver-fir, s. a species of the fir-tree. 

Sil'ver-fish, s. a small fish with silvery stripes. 

Sil'vering, s. a covering of silver. 

Sil'versmith, s. one who works in silver. 

Sil'very, a. having the appearance of silver. 

Si'mar. See Cymar. 

Sim'ilar, a. like, resembling. 

Similarity, s. likeness, resemblance. 

Sim'ilarly, ad. in a similar manner. 

Sim'ile, s. a comparison for illustration. 

Simil'itude, s. likeness, comparison. 

Similitu'dinary, a. denoting resemblance. 

Sim'ilor, s. a mixture imitating gold, &c 

Sim'mer, v. to boil gently or slowly. 

Sim'nel. s. a kind of sweet bread or cake. 

Simo'niac, s. one guilty of simony. 



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Simoni'acal, a. relating to simony ; guilty of 
simony. 

Sim'ony,£.thecrimeof buying or selling church 
preferments (named from Simon Magus.) 

Si'mous, a. having a flat nose ; snub-nosed. 

Sim'per, v. to smile affectedly or foolishly : 
s. a kind of silly or foolish smile. 

Sim'perer, s. one who simpers. 

Sim'pering, s. the act of smiling sillily. 

Sim'permgly, ad. with a foolish smile. 

Sim'ple, a. plain, artless, unmingled; silly 
s. a single ingredient ; a herb, a drug. 

Sim'ple-minded, a. simple, artless. 

Sim'pleness, s. the quality of being simple. 

Sim'pler, Sim'plist, s. one who collects sim- 
ples or herbs, a herbalist. 

Sira'pleton, s. a silly or simple person. 

Simplfcian, s. an unskilled person. 

Simplicity, s. state of not being complex ; 
plainness, artlessness, silliness. 

Simplification, $. reduction to a simple state. 

Siin'plify, v. to make simple, to make plain. 

Sim'plist, s. one skilled in simples. 

Sira'ply, ad. without art, sillily. 

Sim'ular, s. one that counterfeits. 

Sim'ulate, v. to feign, to counterfeit. 

Sim'ulate, a. feigned, pretended. 

Simulation, s. a dissembling, a feigning. 

Simultaneous, a. existing or happening at 
the same time. 

Simultaneously, ad. at the same time. 

Simulta'neousness, s. the state of happening 
at the same time. 

Sin, s. a violation of the laws of God. 

Sin, v. to violate the laws of God. 

Sin'apism, s. a mustard poultice. 

Sin'-born, a. sprung from sin. 

Since, con. because that, from the time that: 
ad. ago, before this : prep, after, reckon- 
ing from. 

Since're, a. pure, honest, uncorrupt. 

Since'rely, ad. honestly ; unfeignedly. 

Since'reness, s. honesty of intention. 

Sincerity, s. purity of mind, honesty. 

Sin'ciput, s. the fore part of the head, in 
contradistinction to the occiput. 

Sin'don, s. a fold, a wrapper. 

Sine, j. a kind of geometrical line. 

Si'necure, 5. an office which has revenue with- 
out any employment. 

Si'riecurist, s. one who holds a sinecure. 

Sin'ew, s. a tendon, a muscle, a nerve. 

Sin'ew. v. to knit as by sinews. 

Sin'ewed, a. furnished with sinews, strong. 

Sin'ewiness, s. the quality of being sinewy. 

Sin'ewless, a. void of power or strength. 

Sin'ewy. a. consisting of sinews, strong. . 

Sin'ful. a. guilty of sin, unholy, wicked. 

Sin'fuliy, ad. wickedly, irreligiously. 

Sinfulness, s. the state of being sinful. 

Sing, v. to utter sweet or melodious sounds; 
to celebrate or praise in poetry ; to make 
a small shrill noise. 

Singe, *. a slight superficial burn. 

Singe, v. to scorch, to burn slightly. 

Sing'er, s. one skilled in singing. 

Sing'ing, s. musical articulation. 

Sing'ingly, ad. with a kind of tune. 

Singing-man, s. one who is employed to sing. 

Sing'ing-master, s. one who teaches to sing. 

Single, a. one, individual, alone ; unmarried. 



Sin'gle, v. to choose out from among others. 

Sin'gleness, s. state of being single; sincerity. 

Sin'glestick, s. a stick with a basket hilt, 
used in fencing; a rustic diversion. 

Sin'gly, ad. individually, only, by himself. 

Sing'song, s. a contemptuous expression for 
bad singing or defective intonation. 

Sin'gular, a. only one, particular, rare. 

Sin'gularist, s. one who affects singularity. 

Singularity, s. any thing remarkable or 
peculiar ; an oddity or curiosity. 

Sin'gularize, v. to particularize. 

Sin'gularly, ad. particularly, oddly. 

Sinister, a. being on the left hand ; unlucky, 
inauspicious ; bad, perverse. 

Sin'ister-handed, a. left-handed ; unlucky. 

Sin'isterly, ad. perversely, unfairly. 

Sinistror'sal, a. rising from left to right. 

Sin'istrous, a. perverse, wrong-headed. 

Sinlstrously, ad,, perversely : absurdly. 

Sink, v. to fall gradually, to decline; to set- 
tle; to enter deep ; to put under water ; 
to suppress. 

Sink, s. a drain, a place of filth. 

Sinking-fund, J. a portion of the public re- 
venue set apart for the gradual reductioa 
of the national debt of Great Britain. 

Sinless, a. exempt from sin, innocent. 

Sinlessness, s. exemption from sin. 

Sin'ner, s. an offender, a criminal. 

Sin'-offering, s. an expiation for sin. 

Sin'uate, v. to bend in and out. 

Sin'uated, a. formed into bays bv Drojections 
and indentations. 

Sinua'tion, s. a bending in and out. 

Sinuosity, s. the quality of being sinuous. 

Sin'uous, a. bending in and out. 

Si'nus, [Lat.] s. a bay of the sea, an opening. 

Sip, 0. to drink by small draughts. 

Sip, s. a small draught, a small rx outhful. 

Si'phon, s. a bent tube or pipe fir drawing 
off liquor from a vessel. 

Sip'per, s. one that sips. 

Sip'pet, s. a small sop. 

Sir, *.a word of respect to men; the title of 
a knight or baronet. 

Sire, s. a father ; the word of respect in ad- 
dressing the king. 

Si'ren, .?. a fabulous sea-monster or mermaid 
who enticed men by singing, and then de- 
voured them ; an enticing woman. 

Si'ren, a. alluring ; bewitching like a siren. 

Sirlus, s. the dog-star. 

Sir'loin, .$. the loin of beef. 

Sir'name. See Surname. 

Siroc'co, s. the south-east or Syrian wind. 

Sir'rah, s. a term of reproach .ind insult. 

Sir'up, s. vegetable juice boiled with sugar. 

Sir'uped, a. made sweet, like sirup. 

Sir'upy, a. resembling sirup. 

Sis'kin, s. a bird, the greenfinch. 

Sis'ter, s. a female born of one's parents. 

Sis'terhood, s. women of the same society. 

Sis'ter-in-law, s. a husband or wife's sister. 

Sis'terly, a. like or becoming a sister. 

Sit, v. to reat on a seat, to take a seat ; to 
incubate. 

Site, *. situation, local position. 

Sith, ad. since ; seeing that. 

Sithe. See Scythe. 

Sit'ter, s. one that sits ; 8 bird that broods. 



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Sifting, j. the act of taking a peat ; the time 

during which a person keeps his seat ; a 

session ; incubation. 
Sit'uate, a. situated, placed. 
Sit'uated, a. situate, placed. 
Situa'tion, s. a position ; condition, state. 
Six, a. twice three, one more than five. 
Six'fold, a. six times told. 
Six'pence, J. a silver coin, half a shilling. 
Six'penny, a. worth sixpence. 
Six'score, a. six times twenty. 
Six'teen, a. six and ten. 
Six'teenth, a. tlie ordinal of sixteen. 
Sixth, a. the ordinal of six. 
Sixth'ly, ad. in the sixth place. 
Six'tieth, a. the ordinal of sixty. 
Six'ty, a. six times ten. 
Size, s. a glutinous substance : v. to besmear 

or cover with size. 
Size, s. bulk, magnitude ; a settled quantity : 

v. to arrange according to size ; to adjust, 

to settle, to fix. 
Si'zable, a. of suitable size. 
Si'zed, a. having a particular magnitude. 
Si'zer, s. a student of the lowest rank at the 

universities of Cambridge and Dublin. 
Si'ziness, ■?. glutinousness, viscosity. 
Si'zy, a. glutinous, viscous, ropy. 
Skate, s. a flat sea-fish. 
Skate, v. to slide on ice with skates : ■?. a 

sliding shoe. 
Ska'ter, s. one who skates on ice. 
Skean, s. a short sword ; a knife. 
Skeg, s a sort of wild plum. 
Skeg'ger, s. a little salmon. 
Skein, s. a hank of thread, yarn, or silk. 
Skel'eton, s. the bones of the body preserved 

in their natural situation ; the frame of any 

thing; a very lean person. 
Skerlum, s. a villain, a scoundrel. 
Skep, s. a kind of basket, wide at the top 

and narrow at the bottom. 
Skep'tic. See Sceptic, Sceptical, &c. 
Sketch, *. an outline, a rough draught : v. to 

trace the outlines, to plan. 
Sketch'y, a. made up of sketches ; unfinished. 
Skew, a. oblique : ad. obliquely, askew. 
Skew, v. to squint ; to look disdainfully. 
Skew'er, s. a sort of pin to truss meat : v. to 

fasten with skewers. 
Skiff, s. a small light boat : v. to pass over 

in a skiff. 
Skil'ful, a. knowing, experienced. 
Skil'fully, ad. with skill, dexterously. 
Skil'fulness, s. art, ability, dexterousness. 
Skill, s. knowledge, experience, dexterity. 
Skill'ed, a. knowing, acquainted with. 
Skil'less, a. wanting skill ; artless. 
Skil'let, s. a small kettle or boiler. 
Skim, v. to take off the scum ; to pass lightly 

over the surface, to glide along : s. the 

scum; refuse. 
Skim'mer, s. a ladle to take off the scum. 
Skim'-milk, s. milk deprived of its cream. 
Skim'mings, s. pi. matter skimmed. 
Skin, s. the natural covering of the flesh ; 

the hide of an animal ; the rind of fruit. 
Skin, v. to flay or strip off the skin ; to peel ; 

to cover with or acquire a skin ; to heal. 
Skin-deep, a. superficial, slight. 
Skin/flint, s. a niggardly person. 



Skin'less, a. having no skin. 

Skin'ned, a. having skin ; hard. 

Skin'ner, s. a dealer in skins. 

Skin'niness, *. the quality of being skinny. 

Skin'ny, a. wanting flesh, thin, lean. 

Skip, v. to pass by quick leaps ; to pass over, 

to omit : s. a light leap or bound. 
Skip'-jack, s. an upstart ; a lackey. 
Skip'-kennel, .?. a lackey, a footboy. 
Skip'per, s. a ship-master or sea captain. 
Skip'pingly, ad. by skips and leaps. 
Skir'mish, s. a slight fight, a contest. 
Skir'mish, v. to fight in a desultory manner, 

or in small parties. 
Skir'misher, s. one who skirmishes. 
Skir'mishing, s. the act of fighting slightly, 

or in detached parties. 
Skirr, v. to scour, to run in haste. 
Skir'ret, s. the name of a plant. 
Skirt, s. the lower and loose part of a gar- 
ment below the waist ; the edge, margin, 

or border of any thing. 
Skirt, v. to border ; to run along the edge. 
Skit, s. a light wanton girl. 
Skit'tish, a. wanton, fickle ; easily frightened. 
Skit'tishly, ad. wantonly ; with fickleness. 
Skit'tishness, s. wantonness, fickleness. 
Skit'tles, s. the play of ninepins. 
Skreen. See Screen. 
Skulk. See Sculk. 
Skull'cap, s. a head-piece, a helmet. 
Skull, s. the bone that encloses the head. 
Sky, s. the heavens, the firmament. 
Sky'-color, s. an azure color, light blue. 
Sky'-colored, a. azure, like the sky. 
Sky'-dyed, a. colored like the sky. 
Sky'ey, a. like the sky, ethereal. 
Skylark, s. a bird that soars and sings. 
Sky'light, s. a window in the roof. 
Sky'rocket, s. a firework that ascends. 
Slab, s. a plane or table of stone. 
Slab, s. a puddle : a. thick, glutinous. 
Siab'ber, v. to slaver, to smear with spittle ; 

to drivel, to spill. 
Slab'berer, s. one who slabbers ; an idiot. 
Slab'by, a. plashy, dirty, thick, viscous. 
Slack, a. not tense, loose, remiss, relaxed. 
Slack, v. to loosen ; to relax, to abate. 
Slack, s. coal broken into small parts. 
Slack'en, v. to make slack, to loosen. 
Slack'ly, ad. loosely, remissly. 
Slack'ness, s. looseness, remissness. 
Slade, s. a small valley, a dell. 
Slag, s. the dross or recrement of metals. 
Slake, v. to slack or slacken ; to quench. 
Slam, s. winning all the tricks at cards . v. 

to win all the tricks at cards. 
Slam'merkin, s. a slatternly woman. 
Slan'der, s. defamation, detraction, reproach : 

v. to censure falsely, to belie, to defame. 
Slan'derer, s. one who belies another. 
Slan'derous, a. defamatory, scandalous. 
Slan'derously, ad. with false reproach. 
Slan'derousness, s. the being slanderous. 
Slang, s. low words or phrases used by the 

vulgar; cant language. 
Slant, v. to turn aslant, to slope. 
Slant, Slanting, a. oblique, sloping. 
Slantingly, ad. with a slant ; obliquely. 
Slant'ly, Slant'wise, ad. obliquely, aslant. 
Slap, s. a blow with the hand open. 



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81»p, ad. with a sudden and violent blow. 

Slap, v. to strike -with the open hand. 

Slap'dasb, ad. all at once, suddenly. 

Slash, v. to cut with long strokes : to strike 
at random : s. a long cut, a wound ; a cut 
in cloth. 

Slate, s. a kind of stone easily split into thin 
plates : v. to cover the roof with slates. 

SJa'te-axe, s. a mattock with an axe-end. 

Sia'tcr, s. one who covers with slates. 

Slat'ter, v. to be careless and dirty in dress. 

Slat'tern, s. a slovenly dirty woman. 

Slat'ternly, a. slovenly in dress : ad. like a 
slattern ; negligently. 

Sla'ty, ad. having the nature of slate. 

Slau'ghter, s. carnage, butchery. 

Slau'ghter, v. to massacre, to slay. 

Slaughterer, s. one employed in killing. 

Slau'ghter-house, s. a house in which beasts 
are killed by the butcher. 

Slau'ghter-man, s. one employed in killing. 

Slaughterous, a. destructive, murderous. 

Slave, s. one held in bondage ; a drudge. 

Slave, v. to drudge, to moil, to toil. 

Sla'veborn, a. not inheriting liberty. 

Sla'velike, a. becoming a slave. 

Sla'ver, s. a ship employed in the slave-trade. 

Slav'er, s. spittle running from the mouth. 

Slav'er, v. to besmear with saliva. 

Slav'erer, s. a driveller, an idiot. 

Slav'eringly, ad. with slaver or drivel. 

Sla'very, s. the state of a slave, bondage. 

Sla've-trade, s. the inhuman practice of buy- 
ing and selling human beings for slaves. 

Sla'vish, a. servile, base, mean. 

Sla'vishly, ad. servilely, meanly. 

Sla'vishness, s. servility, meanness. 

Slavon'ic, a. pertaining to Sclavonia. 

Slay, v. to kill, to butcher, to put to death. 

Slay'er, s a killer; a destroyer. 

Sleave, s. the ravelled knotty part of silk: v. 
to separate into threads. 

Sleav'ed, a. raw, not spun, unwrought. 

Slea'zy, a. thin, slight, wanting substance. 

Sled, Sledge, s. a carriage without wheels. 

Sledge, 5. a smith's large hammer. 

Sleek, Sleek'y, a. smooth, glossy 

Sleek, v. to render smooth or " 

Sleek'ly, ad. smoothly, glossily. 

Sleek'ness, s. smoothness, gl 

Sleek'stone, s. a smoothing-stone. 

Sleep, v. to indulge in sleep, to repose ; to 
be careless or inattentive ; to be dead. 

Sleep, s. repose, rest, slumber. 

Sleep'er, s. one who sleeps ; a strip of solid 
timber or stone which lies on the ground 
to support the joist of a floor or the rails 
of a railway. 

Sleep'ful, a. overpowered by desire to sleep. 

Sleep ily, ad. drowsily, dully, lazily. 
Sleep'iness, s. drowsiness, heaviness. 

Sleeping, s. the act of taking rest in sleep. 
Sleepless, a. wanting sleep, alwaj-s awake. 
Sleeplessness, s. want of sleep. 
Sleep'y, a. drowsy, sluggish, causing sleep. 
Sleet, s. a fall of hail or snow with rain in- 
termixed : v . to snow or hail with rain 
intermingled. 
Sleet'y, a. of the nature of sleet. 
Sleeve, s. the dress covering the arm. 
Sleeve, v. to famish with sleeves. 



i Slee'ved, a. having sleeves. 
j Slee've-button, s. a button for the sleeve. 
! Slee'veless, a. having no sleeves. 
Sleight, s. a dexterous trick; a cunning arti- 
fice : a. deceitful. 
, Sleight'ily, ad. craftily, cunningly. 
Sleight'y, a. crafty, artful. 
Slen'der, a. thin, slight, sparing. 
Slen'derly, ad. without bulk, slightly. 
| Slen'derness, s. thinness, slightness. 
i Sley, s. a weaver's reed. 
! Sley, v. to separate or part threads. 
Slice, v. to cut into thin pieces, to divide. 
Slice, s. a broad thin piece cut off. 
Slide, v. to glide on ice ; to pass unnoticed. 
Slide, 5. a frozen or smooth place to slide on. 
Sli'der, s. the part of an instrument that 

slides ; one who slides. 
Sli'ding-rule, s. a mathematical instrument 

for measuring with. 
Slight, a. small ; worthless ; not strong. 
Slight, s. neglect, contempt, scorn. 
Slight, v. to neglect, to disregard. 
Sli'ghter, s. one who disregards. 
Slightingly, ad. with disdain, negligently. 
Sli'ghtly, ad. weakly ; slightingly. 
Sli'ghtness, s. state or quality of being sligfrt. 
Sli'ghty, a. superficial, trifling. 
Sli'ly, ad. in a sly manner. 
Slim, a. slender, thin of shape. 
Slime, s. mud ; any glutinous substance. 
Sli'miness, s. viscocity ; glutinous matter. 
Slim'ness, s. slenderness, thinness of shape. 
I Sli'my, a. viscous, glutinous, ropy. 
| Sli'ness, s. the quality of being sly. 
j Sling, s. an instrument for throwing stones ; 
a throw, a stroke ; a hanging bandage foi 
a wounded arm : v. to throw with a sling , 
to hang loosely. 
Sling'er, s. one who uses the sling. 
Slink, s. the young of beasts produced pre- 
maturely : v. to cast prematurely. 
Slink, v. to sneak or steal away. 
Slip, v. to slide involuntarily; to fall into 
error; to move out of a place unobserved ; 
to escape ; to convey secretly ; to put on 
in baste, as clothes. 
Slip, s. the act of slipping; a mistake ; an 
escape ; that which is slipped off, as a 
twig ; a long narrow piece. 
Slip'-board, s. a board sliding in grooves. 
Slip'-knot, s. a knot easily untied. 
Slip'per, s. a morning shoe, a loose shoe. 
Slip'pered, a. wearing slippers 
Slip'periness, s. state of being slippery. 
Slip'pery, a. slippy, easily sliding. 
Slip'shod, a. not having the shoe pulled up. 
Slip'slop, s. bad or insipid liquor. 
Slit, v. to cut any thing lengthwise. 
Slit, s. a long cut or narrow opening. 
Slit'tcr, s. one who cuts or slashes. 
Slit'ting-mill, s. a mill for slitting iron bars 

into nail rods. 
Sli'ver, v. to split : s. a branch torn off. 
Slob'ber. See Slabber. 
Slob'bery, a. moist, dank; muddy. 
Sloe, s. the fruit of the blackthorn. 
Sloop, s. a small vessel with one mast. 
Slop, v. to dash with water; to drink hastily: 
s. bad liquor of any kind ; liquor spilled. 
Slope, s. a declivity ; an oblique direction. 



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Slope, v. to form with a slope. 

Slo'peness, s. declivity, obliquity. 

Slo'pewise, Slo'pingly, ad. obliquely. 

Slo'ping, a. oblique, declivous. 

Slop'piness, s. state of being sloppy. 

Slop'py, a. miry, wet, plasby. 

Slops, s.pl. loose trousers ; ready-made clothes. 

Slop'-sellcr, s. a seller of ready-made clothes. 

Slop'-shop, s. a place where slops are sold. 

Slot, s. the track of a deer. 

Sloth, s. slowness, sluggishness, idleness. 

Sloth, s. a sluggish animal. 

Slo'thful, a. idle, lazy, sluggish, inactive. 

Slo'thfully, ad. with sloth, lazily. 

Slo'thfulness, 5. sluggishness, laziness. 

Slouch, s. a downcast look ; a man who looks 

heavy and clownish. 
Slouch, v. to have a downcast clownish gait 

or manner ; to press down, as one's hat. 
Slouch'ing, a. walking awkwardly. 
Slough, s. the cast skin of a serpent; the part 

which separates from a foul sore. 
Slough, v. to part from the sound flesh. 
Slough, s. a deep miry place. 
Slou'ghy, a. miry, boggy, muddy. 
Slov'en, 5. a man dirtily or carelessly dressed. 
Slovenliness, s. negligence of dress. 
Slov'enly. a. negligent of dress, dirty. 
Slovenly, ad. untidily, negligently. 
Slov'eury, s. want of neatness, dirtiness. 
Slow, a. not swift, late, dull, tardy. 
Slow'-back, s. a lubber, an idle fellow. 
Slow'ly, ad. not speedily, with slowness. 
Slcw'ness s. want of speed, delay, dulness. 
Slow' worm, s. a kind of viper. 
Slub'ber, v. to do a thing lazily ; to daub. 
Sludge, s. watery mire, soft mud. 
Slug, s. a piece of metal shot from a gun. 
Slug, s a kind of snail ; an idler, a drone. 
Slug, v. to lie idle, to play the drone. 
Slug'-a-bed, s. one fond of lying in bed. 
Slug'gard, s. a drone, an idle lazy fellow. 
Slug'gard, a. sluggish, slothful, lazy. 
Slug'gish, a. dull, drowsy, lazy, slothful. 
Slug'gishly, ad. in a sluggish manner. 
Slug'gishness, s. sloth, laziness, idleness. 
Sluice, s. a water-gate, a flood-gate : v. to 

emit by flood-gates. 
Slu'icy, a. falling in streams as from a sluice. 
Slum'ber, v. to sleep lightly, to doze: s. 

light sleep, repose. 
Slum'berer, s. one who slumbers. 
Slum'bering, s. state of repose. 
Slum'berous, a. causing sleep ; sleepy. 
Sium'berv, a. sleejiy. 
Slur, v. to sully, to soil ; to leave in obscurity 

when clearness was expected ; to pass over 

without doing what was expected: s. asoil; 

a slight reproach or disgrace. 
Slut, *. a dirty, slatternly woman. 
Slut'tish, a. nasty, dirty, not cleanly. 
Slut'tishly, ad. nastily, dirtily. 
Slut'tishness, s. nastiness, dirtiness. 
Slv, a. cunning, artful. 
Sly'ly. See Silly. 
Sl/ness. SeoSliness. 
Smack, v. to have any particular taste or 

savour ; to make a noise as by separation 

o-f the lips after tasting : to give a hearty 

or smacking kiss. 
Smack, s. taste, savour; a loud kiss. 



Smack, s. a small coasting vessel. 

Small, a. little, slender, minute, petty. 

Smal'lage, s. the name of a short-lived herb. 

Small-arms, s.pl. a general term for all kinds 
of muskets, rifles, carbines, &c. 

SmaH'craft, s. small trading vessels. 

Smal'lish, a. somewhat small. 

Small'ness, s. littleness, minuteness. 

Small-pox, s. an eruptive distemper. 

Smalt, s. a kind of blue glass. 

Smar'agd, s. the emerald. 

Smarag'dine, a. made of or like emerald. 

Smart, a. pungent, quick, brisk, lively. 

Smart, v. to feel sharp lively pain. 

Smart, s. sharp, pungent, lively pain. 

Smart'en, v. to make smart or showy. 

Smart'ly, ad. sharply, briskly, wittily. 

Smart'ness, s. the quality of being smart. 

Smash, v. to break in pieces. 

Smash, s. a breaking to pieces. 

Smatch, s. a taste or tincture : v. to have a 
taste or tang (corrupted from smack.) 

Smat'ter, s. superficial knowledge. 

Smat'ter, v. to have a superficial knowledge; 
to talk superficially or ignorantly. 

Smat'terer, s. one who has a slight or super- 
ficial knowledge of things. 

Smat'tering, s. a slight knowledge. 

Smear, v. to overspread with any thing unc- 
tuous ; to daub, to soil. 

Smear'y, a. dauby ; adhesive. 

Smeath, s. a sea-fowl. 

Smec'tite, s. a sort of fuller's earth. 

Smegmat'ic, a. soapy, detersive. 

Smell, v. to perceive by the nose ; to have a 
particular scent. 

Smell, s. the power of smelling, scent. 

Smell'er, s. one who smells ; the nose. 

Smelt, s. a small sea-fish. 

Smelt, t/.toextract metal from ore bymelting. 

Smelt'er, s. one who melts ore. 

Smelt'ery, s. a place for melting ores. 

Smelt'ing, 5. the operation of melting ores. 

Smer'lin, s. a fish. 

Smew, s. an aquatic fowl. 

Smick'er, v. to smirk, to look amorously. 

Smick'ering, s. an amorous look. 

Smile, v. to express pleasure by the counte- 
nance ; to look joyous ; to be propitious ; 
to express slight contempt by the look. 

Smile, s. a look of pleasure or of kindness. 

Smi'lingly, ad. with a look of pleasure. 

Smirch, v. to cloud, to soil. 

Smirk, v. to smile pertly or affectedly ; to 
look afl'ectedly soft or kind : s. an affected 
smile : a. Dice, smart jaunty, gay. 

Smite, v. to strike, to kill, to destroy ; to af- 
flict ; to affect with a passion for. 

Smi'ter, s. one who smites. 

Smith, s. one who works in metals. 

SmitVcraft. s. the art of a smith. 

Smith'ery, Smith'y, 5. a smith's shop. 

Smith'ing, s. the art of fashioning metals. 

Smitt, s. clayey ore used to mark sheep. 

Smock, s. the under garment of a woman. 

Smock'-faced, a. pale-faced; maidenly. 

Smock'-frock, s. a gaberdine, a loose dress. 

Smoke, s. a sooty exhalation from a burning 
substance ; steam or vapour. 

Smoke, t/.to emit smoke ; to scent or dry by 
smoke ; to use tobacco ; to find out. 
N3 



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Smo'kedry, v. to dry in the smoke. 
&mo'ke-jack, s. an engine moyed by smoke 

for turning trie spit. 
Smo'keless, a. having no smoke. 
Smo'ker, s. one that uses tobacco. 
Smo'kily, ad. so as to be full of smoke. 
Smo'king. s. the act of emitting smoke. 
Smo'ky, a. emitting smoke ; full of smoke. 
Smooth, a. even on the surface ; glossy ; calm. 
Smooth c, v. to make smooth ; to make easy. 
Smooth/en, v. to make even and smooth. 
Smooth'er, s. one who smooths. 
Smooth'-faced, a. mild-looking. 
Smoothly, ad. evenly, easily, calmly. 
Smooth'ness.s. evenness of surface ; mildness. 
Smoth'cr, v. to suffocate, to stifle. 
Smoth'er, s. smoke, thick dust. 
Smoul'der, v. to burn and smoke without 

having vent. 
Smould'ering, Smould'ry, a. burning and 

smoking without vent. 
Smug, a. nice, spruce : v. to make spruce. 
Smug'gle, v. to import or export goods with- 
out paying the customs ; to manage or 
convey clandestinely. 
Smng'gler, s. one who cheats the revenue. 
Smuggling, s. the offence of importing goods 

without paying the duties. 
Smug'Jy, ad. neatly, sprucely, nicely. 
Smugness, s. spruceness, neatness. 
Smut, 5. a spot made with soot or coal ; mil- 
dew; obscenity : v. to mark with soot or 
coal ;. to taint with mildew. 
Smutch, v. to black with smoke. 
Smut'tily, ad. smokily, blackly ; obscenely. 
Smut'tiness, s. soil from smoke ; obscenity. 
Smut'ty, a. black with smoke ; obscene. 
Snack, s. a share ; a slight hasty repast. 
Snaffle, s. a bridle that crosses the nose, or 

one having a slender bit. 
Snaffle, v. to hold as in a bridle. 
Snag, s. a jag or sharp protuberance ; a tooth i 
J«ft by itself. 

;ed, Snag'gy, a. full of jags. 
\ a slimy slow creeping thing a 
sluggish person, a drone. 
Snail'-like, a. resembling a snail : ad. slowly. 
. a serpent of the oviparous kind. 
Dot, s. the name of a medicinal root. 
:d, s. the name of a plant, bistort. , 
Sna'kewood, s. the smaller branches of an I 

Indian tree used in medicine. 
Sna'ky, a. serpentine ; having serpents. 

to break short or at once: to bite or 
catch at suddenly : s. a sudden breaking ; 
ick eager bite. 

-gnn, s. a plant ; a kind of play. 
Snap'per, s. one who snaps. 

pish, a. eager to bite; surly, cross. 
hlv. ad. crossly, peevishly, tartly 
ishness, s. peevishness, tartness. 
s. a gin, net, trap, engine. 
v. to entrap, to entangle. 
r, s. one who lays snares. 
y. entanglement : v. to entangle 
. to growl; to speak roughly. | 

Snari'er, s. a surly captious fellow. 
■'. entangling, insidious. 
v. to seize hastily : s. a hasty eaten. 
dock, s. a kind of pulley in a ship, j 
Snatch'er, s. one who catches at hastily. I 



Sneak, s. a sneaking fellow. 

Sneak, v. to creep as if afraid tobe seen ; to 

crouch, to truckle. 
Sneak'er, j. a small drinking cup. 
Sneak'ing, a. servile, mean, niggardly. 
Sneak'ingly, a. meanly, servilely. 
Sneak'ingness, s. meanness, pitiralness. 
Sneaks'by, Sneak'up, s. a paltry fellow ; a 

cowardly creeping scoundrel. 
Sneap, s. a reprimand : v. to check, to nip. 
Sneek, s. a latch or fastening to a door. 
Sneer, v. to show contempt as by turning up 

the nose : s. a contemptuous and derisive 

expression of the face. 
Sneer 'er, s. one that shows contempt. 
Sneer'ingly, ad. with ludicrous scorn. 
Sneeze, ,?. a sudden and violent ejection of 

air through the nose : v. to emit air sud- 
denly and violently through the nose. 
Sneez'ing, s. the act of ejecting air violently 

through the nose. 
Snick, s. a small cut or mark. 
Sniff, *. perception by the nose. 
Sniff, v. to draw breath by the nose. 
Sniggle, v. to fish for eels by baiting their 

holes ; to catch, to snare. 
Snip, s. a single cut ; a small shred : v. to 

cut at once with scissors. 
Snipe, s. a bird with a long bill ; a fool. 
Snip'per, s. one that snips or clips. 
Snip'pet, s. a small part, a share. 
Snip'snap, s. a tart dialogue. 
Snifel, v. to run at the nose : to cry as a 

child with snuffling or snivelling : s. snot. 
Sniv'ellcr, s. a weeper ; a weak lamenter. 
Snivelling, a. peaking, whining, pitiful. 
Sniv'elly, a. running at the nose; whining. 
Snore, v. to breathe hard and loud through 

the nose when asleep. 
Snore, s. the noise of one snoring. 
Sno'rer. s. one who snores. 
Snort, v. to blow through the nose as a high- 
mettled horse. 
Snort'er, s. one that snorts ; a snorer. 
Snort'ing, j. the forcing the air violently 

through the nose. 
Snot, s. the mucus of the nose. 
Snofty, a. full of the nasal mucus. 
Snout, s. the nose of a beast, the nozel. 
Snout'ed, a. having a snout. 
Snout'y, a. resembling a beast's snout. 
Snow, s. frozen vapour which falls in white 

flakes on the earth : v. to fall in snow. 
Snow'ball, s. a lump of congealed snow. 
Snow'-broth, s. any very cold liquor. 
SnoV-drift, s. a bank of snow driven togeth 

by the wind. 
Snow'drop, s. a small white spring flower. 
Snow'-like, a. resembling snow. 
SnovZ-shoe, s. a shoe made for the purpose 

of walking in snow. 
Snow'y, a. white as snow ; full of snow. 
Siiow'-white., a. white as snow ; pure. 
Snub, s. a knot in wood; a jag; a snag. 
Snub, v. to nip ; to check, to reprimand. 
Snub'nosed, a. having a flat or short nose. 
Snudge, s. a miser, a curmudgeon. 
Snudge, v. to lie close or snug. 
Snuff, s. the burnt wick of a candle ; a 

candle almost burned out ; powdered 

tobacco taken up the nose. 



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Snuff, v. to crop the wick of a lighted candle ; 

to sniff up, to inhale. 
Snuff'box, s. a box in which snuff is carried. 
Snuffer, s. one that snuffs. 
Snuffers, s. an instrument to snuff candles. 
Snuffle, v. to speak through the nose. 
Snuf fier, s. one who speaks through the nose. 
Snuffles, 5. obstruction in the nose by mucus. 
Snuffling, s. a speaking through the nose. 
Snuff taker, s. one that takes snuff. 
Snuff' y, a. grimed with snuff. 
Snug, a. close, sheltered, comfortable. 
Snug'gery, s. a snug comfortable dwelling. 
Snug'gle, v. to lie close, to lie warm. 
Snug'ly, ad. closely, with snugness. 
Snug'ness, s. state or quality of being snug. 
So, ad. in like manner, thus. 
Soak, v. to steep ; to drain, to exhaust. 
Soaker, s. one that soaks ; a great drinker. 
Soap, s. a substance used in washing : v. to 

rub over with soap. 
Soap'boiler, s. one who makes soap. 
Soap'stone, s. the mineral steatite. 
Soap'suds, s. water impregnated with soap. 
Soap'wort, s. a species of campion. 
Soap'y, a. having the quality of soap. 
Soar, s. a towering flight : v. to fly aloft ; to 

be aspiring. 
Soar'ing, s. the act of mounting aloft. 
Sob, v. to sigh convulsively in weeping : s. a 

convulsive sigh. 
Sob'bing, s. the act of sighing convulsively. 
So'ber, a. temperate, regular, serious. 
So'ber, v to make sober ; to calm. 
So'berly, ad. temperately, seriously. 
So'berminded, a. calm and temperate. 
Sobermi'ndedness, s. calmness ; regularity ; 

freedom from inordinate passion. 
So'berness, s. temperance ; coolness. 
Sobri'ety, s. temperance in drink ; calmness. 
Soc, s. jurisdiction of causes ; privilege of 

exemption from burdens. 
Soc'cage, s. an ancient tenure of lands. 
Soc'cager, Soc'man, s. a tenant by soccage. 
Sociabil'ity, s. sociableness, fellowship. 
So'ciable, a. inclined to company; familiar. 
So'ciable, s. a kind of low phaeton. 
So'ciableness, s. inclination to company; 

good fellowship. 
So'ciably, ad. conversably ; as a companion. 
So'cial, a. familiar, fit for society. 
Sociality, s. sociableness. 
So'cially, ad. in a social manner. 
So'cialness, s. the quality of being social. 
Soci'ety, s. union of many in one general in- 
terest ; community ; fraternity ; company ; 

partnership. 
Socin'ian, s. a follower of Socinus, who de- 
nied the divinity and atonement of Christ. 
Socin'ian, a. pertaining to Socinianism. 
Socin'ianism, s. the tenets of Socinus. 
Sock, s. the shoe of the ancient comic actors ; 

a short stocking. 
Sock'et, s. any hollow that rece ; ves something 

inserted, as the socket of the eye. 
Sock'et-chisel, s. a strong sort of chisel. 
Sock'less, a. destitute of shoes or socks. 
Soc'le, s. a flat square stand under the bases 

of pedestals, of statues, and vases. 
Socrat'ic, Socratlcal, a. after the manner or 

doctrine of the philosopher Socrates. 



Socrat'ically, ad. in the Socratic method. 

Soc'ratist, s. a disciple of Socrates. 

Sod, s. a turf, a clod: a. made of turf. 

So'da, s. a fixed alkali; natron. 

Sodal'ity, s. fellowship, fraternity. 

So'da-water, s. a drink prepared by dissolv- 
ing soda in water with carbonic acid. 

Sod'den, p. seethed, boiled. 

So'dium, s. the metallic base of soda. 

Soev'er, ad. a compound term giving wider 
extent of meaning to Who, Which, What, 
When, How, &c. 

So'fa, s. a long seat with cushions. 

Soft, a. not hard ; yielding, tender, mild. 
gentle ; easy, simple. 

Soft, int. hold ! stop ! not so fast ! 

Soft'en, v. to make soft or easy, to mollify. 

Soft'ener, *. that which makes soft. 

Soft'ening, s. the act of mollifying. 

Soft-heart'ed, a. kind-hearted, tender. 

Soft'ling, 5. an effeminate person. 

Soft'ly, ad. gently, slowly, mildly. 

Soft'ness, s. the quality of being soft. 

Sog'gy, a. moist, steaming with damp. 

Soho' ! int. a word used in calling to one. 

Soil, s. dung, compost, dirt ; earth, land. 

Soil, v. to foul, to stain ; to manure. 

Soiling, s. the practice of feeding and purg- 
ing cattle with fresh- cut grass. 

So'journ, s. a temporary abode. 

Sojourn, v. to dwell awhile in some place. 

Sojourner, s. a temporary dweller. 

So'journing, s. the act of dwelling any where 
but for a time. 

Sojournment, s. a temporary residence. 

Sol'ace, 5. comfort in grief; alleviation. 

Sol'ace, v. to console, to comfort, to cheer. 

Sola'cious, a. affording comfort. 

Solan'der, .s. a disease in horses. 

So'lan-goose, s. the gannet, a kind of goose. 

So'lar, So'lary, a. pertaining to the sun. 

Sol'dan, s. a Mahometan prince or sultan. 

Sol'der, v. to unite with metallic cement ; t® 
mend or unite : s. metallic cement. 

Sol'derer, s. one that solders or mends. 

So'ldier, s. a man engaged in military service ; 
a warrior. 

Soldierlike, Soldierly, a. becoming a soldier. 

So'ldiership, s. martial qualities or skill. 

Soldiery i s. soldiers collectively; soldiership. 

Sole, s. the hottom of the foot ; the bottom 
of a shoe ; a kind of flat-fish. 

Sole, v. to furnish shoes with new soles. 

Sole, a. single, alone ; in law, unmarried. 

Sol'ecise, v. to commit solecisms. 

Sol'ecism, s. impropriety of speech; barbar- 
ous language or phrases. 

Sol'ecist, s. one who commits solecisms. 

Solecis'tical, a. barbai - ous in phrase. 

Solely, ad. singly, only. 

Sol'emn. a. religiously grave ; awful, serious. 

Solem'nity, s. a religious ceremony; religions 
awe ; grave dignity. 

Solemniza'tion, s. the act of celebration. 

Sol'emnize, v. to perform with religious cere* 
monies ; to celebrate. 

Sol'emnly, ad. in a solemn manner. 

Sol'emnness, s. the state of being solemn. 

Soleness, s. state of being sole. 

Soli"cit, v. to ask earnestly ; to importune. 

Solicita'tion, s. earnest request. 



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Solicitor, s. one who solicits ; an attorney. 
Soli"citor-gen'eral, s. a legal advocate ; trie 

counsel to the queen. 
Soli'citous, a. anxious, careful. 
Solfcitously, ad. anxiously, carefully. 
Soli"citress, s. a woman who solicits. 
Soli"citude, s. anxiety, carefulness. 
Sol'id, a. not fluid; not hollow; firm; com- 
pact ; hard ; not superficial. 
Solidity, s. state of being solid ; firmness. 
Solidly, ad. firmly, densely, compactly. 
Sol'idness, s. solidity, firmness, density. 
Solidun'gulous, a. having hoofs not cloven. 
Solifid'ian, s. one who holds faith only, not 

works, necessary to salvation. 
Solifidlanism, s. the tenets of Solifidians. 
Solil'oquize, v . to utter a soliloquy. 
Solil'oquy, s. a talking to one's self alone, an 

address or discourse to one's self. 
Sol'iped, s. an animal whose feet are not 

cloven : a. having solid hoofs. 
Solitai're, s. an ornament for the neck. 
Solitai're, s. one that lives alone, a hermit. 
Solita'rian, s. a hermit, a recluse. 
Solitarily, ad. lonely, without company. 
Sol'itariness, s. state of being solitary. 
Solitary, s. one that lives alone. 
Solitary, a. living alone; retired; simple. 
Sol'itude, .?. a lonely life or place ; a desert. 
Solifagant, a. wandering about alone. 
So'lo, s. a tune played by one person. 
Sol'stice, s. one of the two points of the 

ecliptic at which the sun stops, or ceases 

to recede from the equator. 
Solsti"tial, a. belonging to the solstice. 
Solubility, s. the being soluble. 
Sol'uble, a . that may be dissolved. 
Solu'te, a. in botany, loose, not adhering. 
Solu'tion, s. the act of separating the parts ; 

matter dissolved ; an explanation. 
Sol'utive, a. laxative, causing relaxation. 
Solvability, s. ability to pay all just debts. 
Soi'vable, Sol'vible, a. that may be solved ; 

able to pay. 
Solve, v. to explain, to clear up. 
Sol'vency, s. an ability to pay debts. 
Sol'vent, a. having a dissolving power; able 

to pay debts : s. a fluid that dissolves any 

substance. 
Solv'er, s. one that solves or explains. 
Som'bre, Som'brous, a. dark, gloomy. 
Some, a. more or less ; certain persons. 
Som'ebody, s . some one ; a person not iden- 
tified : also, a person of importance or 

consideration. 
Som'ehow. ad. one way or other. 
Som'ersault, Som'erset, s. a leap in which 

the heels are thrown over the head. 
Som'ething, s. a thing indeterminate ; apart. 
Som'etime, ad. once, formerly. 
Som'etimes, ad. now and then, not always. 
Som'ewhat, s. something, more or less. 
Som'ewhat, ad. in some degree or quality. 
Som'ewhere, ad. in one place or other. 
Somnam'bulism, s. the act or practice of 

walking when asleep. 
Somnam'bulist, s. one who walks in his sleep. 
Somniferous, Somnific, a. causing sleep. 
Som'nolence, Som'nolency, s. sleepiness. 
Som'nolent, a. sleepy, drowsy. 
Son, s- a male child ; a male descendant. 



Sona'ta, [It.] s. a tune for instruments only. 

A Cantata is for the voice. 
Song, s. a composition in verse to be sung. 
Song'ster, s. a singer of songs. 
Song'stress, 5. a female singer. 
Soniferous, a. giving or bringing sound. 
Son'-in-law, s. one married to one's daughter. 
Son'net, s. a short poem of fourteen lines only. 
Sonneteer', s. a small or petty poet. 
Son'netize, v. to compose sonnets. 
Sonorif'erous, a. sonorific. 
Sonorif ic, a. giving or producing sound. 
Sono'rous, a. loud or high-sounding. 
Sonorously, ad. with high sound. 
Sono'rousness, s. the being sonorous. 
Son'ship, s. filiation ; character of a son. 
Soon, ad. before long, early, readily. 
Soot, s. condensed or embodied smoke. 
Soot, v. to cover or foul with soot. 
Soot'ed, a. smeared or covered with soot. 
Soot'erkin, s. a kind of false birth. 
Sooth, s. truth, reality, pleasingness: a. true, 

faithful, pleasing. 
Soothe, v. to calm, to gratify. 
Sooth'er, s. a flatterer ; one who soothes. 
Sooth'ingly, ad. with blandishments. 
Sooth'ly, ad. in truth, really. 
Sooth'say, v. to predict, to foretel. 
Sooth'sayer, s. a foreteller, a predictor. 
Sooth'saying, s. foretelling future events. 
Sootlness, 5. the quality of being sooty. 
Sootlsh, a. partaking of soot ; like soot. 
Soot'y, a. smeared with soot ; black, dark. 
Sop, s. any thing steeped in liquor ; any 

thing given topacify. 
Sop, v. to steep in liquor. 
Soph. s. an undergraduate of two years. 
So'phi, s. the emperor of Persia. 
Sophie, Sophlcal, a. teaching wisdom. 
Sophism, s. a fallacious argument. 
Sophist, s. a disputant who uses sophistry. 
Sophlster, s. a fallacious disputant. 
Soph is'tic.Sophis'tica],ff. fallacious, deceitful. 
Sophis'tically, ad. with fallacious subtilty. 
Sophis'ticate, v. to adulterate, to debase. 
Sophisticate, Sophisticated, a. adulterated. 
Sophistication, s. the act of adulterating. 
Sophis'ticator, s. one that adulterates. 
Sophistry, s. a fallacious reasoning. 
Soporiferous, a. causing sleep. 
Sopo'rous, Soporific, a. causing sleep : s. a 

medicine which causes sleep. 
Sopra'no, [Ital.] s. the highest vocal part. 
Sorb, s. the service-tree or its fruit. 
Sor'cerer, s. a conjurer, a magician. 
Sor'ceress, s. a female magician. 
Sor'cerous, a. containing enchantments. 
Sor'cery, s. magic, enchantment, conjuration, 

witchcraft, charms. 
Sord, s. turf, grassy ground. 
Sor'des, [Lat.] s. foul matter, dregs. 
Sor'det, Sor'dine, s. a little pipe put into tho 

mouth of a trumpet. 
Sor'did, a. foul, dirty ; mean, covetous. 
Sor'didly, ad. meanly; covetously. 
Sor'didness, s. filthiness ; niggardliness. 
Sore, ,?. a place tender and painful, as from 

excoriation ; an ulcer. 
Sore, a. tender to the touch ; easily pained ; 

painful : afflictive ; severe : ad. See Sorely 
Sor'el, Sor'rel, s. a buck of the third year. 



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So'rely, ad. grievously, severely, intensely. 

Sore'ness, s. state of being sore. 

Sori'tes, s. a form of argument, in which in- 
ference is accumulated upon inference. 

Sor'rel, s. an acid plant. 

Sor'rel, a. brown, inclining to red. 

Sor'rily, ad. meanly, despicably. 

Sorriness, s. meanness, despicableness. 

Sor'row, s. grief, sadness, mourning. 

Sor'row, v. to grieve ; to be sad. 

Sor'rowful, a. mournful, grieving, sad. 

Sor'rowful )y, ad. in a sorrowful manner. 

Sor'row fulness, s. state of being sorrowful. 

Sorrowing, s. expression of sorrow. 

Sor'rowless, a. not feeling sorrow. 

Sor'ry, a. grieved ; vile, worthless. 

Sort, s. a kind, a species, a class ; manner, 
degree ; a set, a suit. 

Sort, v. to separate into classes ; to select, to 
cull ; to suit, to fit. 

Sort'able, a. suitable, befitting. 

Sort'ably, ad. suitably, fitly. 

Sortie, [Fr.] s. a sally ; a sudden attack of 
troops from the besieged. 

Sor'tilege, s. the act of drawing lots. 

Sortile'gious, a. relating to sortilege. 

Sorti"tion, s. appointment by lot. 

Sort'ment, s. an assortment. 

Sot, s. a drunkard ; a dolt, a blockhead. 

Sot, v . to stupify by drink ; to besot. 

Sot'tish, a. drunken, stupid, doltish. 

Sot'tishly, ad. stupidly, dully, doltishly. 

Sot'tishness, s. drunken stupidity. 

Sou. [Fr.] s. the twentieth of a franc. 

Souchong', s. a fine kind of black tea. 

Sough, v. to whistle as the wind. 

Sough, s. a subterraneous drain. 

Sough 'ing, s. a whistling of the wind. 

Soul, s. the immortal part of man ; spirit, 
essence, vital principle. 

Soul'-destroying, a. pernicious to the soul. 

Soul'cd, a. furnished with mind. 

Soul'lcss. a. void of soul ; spiritless, mean. 

Soul'-sick, a. diseased in mind or soul. 

Sound, s. any thing audible ; noise, empty 
noise; a sea that can be sounded, and hence 
a shallow sea ; the air-bladder of a fish. 

Sound, v. to make or emit a noise ; to cause 
to sound ; to celebrate by sounding ; to try 
the depth of water with a plummet ; to 
examine ; to probe. 

Sound, a. whole, not broken : stout, strong, 
healthy, hearty : ad. soundly. 

Sound'-board, Sound'ing-board, s. a board 
which propagates the sound in organs, &c. 

Sound'iTig, a. having a sound, sonorous. 

Sound'ing, s. the act of emitting a sound ; 
the act of trying the depth of water. 

Sound'ings, s.pl. depth that can be sounded. 

Soundness, a. that cannot be fathomed; hav- 
ing no sound. 

Sound') y, ad. in a sound manner. 

Sound'noss, s. health ; truth : solidity. 

Soup, s. a decoction of flesh for the table. 

Sour, a. ncid; crabbed, morose, harsh: v. to 
make acid; to make harsh in temper. 

Source, s. a spring; head : original cause. 

Sour'dock, s. the herb sorrel. 
Sour'ish, a. somewhat sour. 
Sour-krout', s. a dish made, in Germany, of 
cabbage. 



Sour'ly, ad. with acidity ; with acrimony. 

Sour'ness, s. acidity ; harshness of temper. 

Sous, [Fr.] the plural of Sou, a French half- 
penny, and pronounced similarly. 

Souse, j. a pickle made of salt and water. 

Souse, v. to steep in pickle ; to plunge or 
throw suddenly into water ; to pounce upon 
or strike, as a bird of prey. 

Souse, ad. all at once, with sudden violence. 

Sou'ter, s. a shoemaker, a cobbler. 

Sou'terrain, s. a grotto under ground. 

South, s. one of the four cardinal points; 
the southern regions ; the south wind. 

South, a. southern : ad. toward the south- 
South-east', s the point midway between the 
south and the east. 

South-east'ern, a. towards the south-east. 

South'erly, a. from or towards the south. 

South'ern, a. belonging to the south, lying 
towards the south. 

Southernmost, a. nearest the south. 

South'ernwood, s. a powerfully scented plant.. 

South'ing, a. approaching towards the south : 
s. the passing of any celestial body over 
the meridian. 

South'most, a. furthest towards the south. 

South'ward, ad. towards the south. 

South-west, «. the point midway between the 
south and the west. 

South-west'er, s. a strong south-west wind. 

South-west'erl y, South-west'ern, a. in the di- 
rection of the south-west. 

Souvenir, [Fr.] J. a remembrancer. 

Sov'ereign. a. supreme in power ; supreme 
in efficacy: s. a supreme ruler; a monarch, 
a king ; a gold coin, value 20 shillings. 

Sov'ereignize, v. to exercise supreme power. 

Sovereignly, ad. supremely. 

Sovereignty, s. supremacy ; highest, place. 

Sow, s. a female pig ; a large mass of lead. 

Sow, v. to scatter seed for growth ; to propa- 
gate, to spread. 

So'wer, s. he that scatters the seed. 

So'wing, s. the act of scattering seed in tho 
ground for propagation. 

Sow'ins, s. flummery ; oatmeal soured. 

Sow'thistle, 5. the name of a weed. 

Soy, j. a fish-sauce from Japan. 

Spa, s. a mineral water, originally applied to 
the mineral waters of Spa in Germany ; a 
place where mineral waters are found. 

Space, s. extension ; room ; quantity of time ; 
interval ; a short time. 

Space, v. in printing, to make spaces between 
words or lines. 

Spa'eious, a. wide, extensive, roomy. 

Spa'ciously, ad. widely, extensively. 

Spa'ciousness, 5. wide extension, roominess. 

Spad'dle, s. a little spade. 

Spade, s. an instrument for digging ; one of 
the suits of cards. 

Spa'debone, s. the shoulder-blade. 

Spadi"ceous, a. of a light red color. 

Spa'dix, s. in botany, a flower-stalk. 

Spa'hi, s. one of the Turkish cavalry. 

Spagyr'ic, Spagyr'ical, a. chemical. 

Spa"gyrist, s. one who professes chemistry. 

Span, s the space from the end of the thumb 
to the end of the little finder extended; 
definitely, nine inches; the chord of a>n 
arch ; a short space of time. 



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Span, v. to measure with the hand extended ; 

to measure. 
Span'cel, s. a rope to tie a cow's hinder legs: 

v . to tie the leg with a rope. 
Span'-counter, Span'-farthing, s. a game. 
Span'drel, s. a term in architecture. 
Span'gle, s. a small plate of shining metal ; 

any little thing sparkling and brilliant. 
Span'gle, v. to sprinkle with spangles. 
Span'iel, s. a sporting dog, originally from 
Hispaniola, remarkable for his fawning ; 
a sneaking fawning person. 
Span'iel, *. like a spaniel, fawning. 
Span'iel, v. to follow like a spaniel, to fawn. 
Span'ish, a. of or pertaining to Spain. 
Span'ish, s. the Spanish language. 
Spanish-fly, s. a venomous fly that shines 

like gold, and is used to raise blisters. 
Span'ker, s. a tall stout person ; any thing 

larger than common. 
Spank'ing, a. large, fine, strong. 
Span'-new, a. quite new. 
Spar, x. a round piece of timber, used spe- 
cially for the yards and topmasts of ships. 
Spar, s. a crystallized mineral. 
Spar, v. to fight as a pugilist. 
Spar'able, s. a small nail used in shoe-heels. 
Spare, v. to be frugal ; to forbear, to forgive. 
Spare, a. scanty, lean ; superfluous. 
Spa'reness, s. leanness, want of flesh. 
Spa'rer, s. one who spares. 
Spa'rerib, s. ribs of pork with little flesh. 
Spargefac'tion, s. the act of sprinkling. 
Spa'ring. a. scarce, scanty ; parsimonious. 
Spa'rinj;]y, ad. frugally; parsimoniously. 
Spa'ringncss, s. parsimony. 
Spark, s. a small particle of fire ; any thing 

shining ; a showy gay man, a lover. 
Spar'kle, s. a small particle of fire or light. 
Spar'kl e, v. to emit sparks, to glitter. 
Sparkler, s. that which sparkles. 
Sparklet, s. a small spark. 
Spark'ish, Spark'ful, a. lively, airy, gay. 
Sparkling, a. emitting sparks, glittering. 
Spark'lingly, ad. with twinkling lustre. 
Spark'lingness, s. vivid twinkling lustre. 
Spar'ring, s. boxing ; slight disputes. 
Spar'row, s. a small common bird. 
Spar'row-hawk, s. a kind of small hawk. 
Spar'ry, a. resembling spar. 
Sparse, a. thinly scattered. 
Spar'sedly, ad. in a scattered manner. 
Spartan, a. pertaining to ancient Sparta ; 

hardy, brave, enduring. 
Spasm, 5. a convulsion ; a sudden and violent 

contraction of any part. 
Spasmodic, Spasmodical, a. convulsive. 
Spat, s. the spawn of shellfish. 
Spathe, s. a sheathe-like calyx. 
Spathic, a. foliated or lamellar. 
Spa'tiate, v. to range ; to ramble at large. 
Spat'ter, v. to sprinkle with dirt or anything 

offensive ; to asperse. 
Spat'terdashcs, s. coverings for the legs to 

keep them clean from mud, gaiters. 
Spat'ula, s. an instrument used by apothe- ! 

caries for spreading plasters. 
Spat'ulate, a. in botany, shaped like a spatula. | 
Spavin, s. a disease in horses. 
Spavined, a. diseased with spavin. 
Spaw. See Spa. 



Spawl, s. spittle, saliva: v. to spatter or 

scatter one's saliva. 
Spawn, s. the eggs or fish of frogs ; offspring 
or progeny in contempt : v. to produce as 
fishes do eggs. 
Spawn'er, s. the female fish. 
Speak, v. to talk, to discourse, to address, 
Speal/able, a. having power to speak. 
Speak'er, s. one who speaks or proclaims. 
Speaking, s. the act of uttering words. 
Speaking, p. and a. talking, uttering words. 
Speaking- trumpet, s. a trumpet by which 
the voice may be heard at a great distance. 
Spear, s. a long pointed weapon, a lance : ». 

to kill or pierce with a spear. 
Spear'grass, s. long stiff grass. 
Spearlnan, s. one who uses a lance. 
Spear'mint, 5. a plant, a species of mint. 
Spe"cial, a. denoting a species or sort ; par- 
ticular, appropriate; uncommon. 
Speciality, Spe "cialty, s. particularity ; a 

particular case, a special contract. 
Specialize, v. to mention specially. 
Spe"cially, ad. for a special purpose. 
Spe'cie, s. metallic currency, coin. 
Spe'cies, s. a kind, a sort; a class or subdi- 
vision under a genus. 
Specific, Speciflcal, a. distinguishing the 

species or kind ; distinct, peculiar. 
Specific, s. a remedy or medicine for a spe- 
cific or distinct disease. 
Specifically, ad. according to the species. 
Specificate, v. to specify. 
Specification, s. the act of specifying ; the 

thing specified. 
Specif Icness, j. the state or quality of being 

specific. 

Spe"cify, v. to state the specific qualities ; to 

particularize ; to mention in express terms. 

Spe"cimen, s. a sample or small portion to 

enable one to judge of the [species or/ 

quality of the rest. 

Spe'cious, a. showy, more in appearance than 

in reality ; plausible. 
Speciously, ad. with fair appearance. 
Sj)e'eiousness, s. the state or quality of being 

specious ; plausibility. 
Speck, s. a small spot ; a small spot of dirt, 

a stain : v. to spot. 
Spec'kle, s. a small speck, a little spot. 
Spec'kle, v. to mark with small spots. 
Spec'kled, a. full of small spots. 
Spec'kledness, $. state of being speckled. 
Spec'tacle, s. a show, a gazing-stock. 
Spec'tacled, a. furnished with spectacles. 
Spec'tacles, s. glasses to help the sight. 
Spectac'ular, a. relating to shows. 
Specta'tion, s. regard, respect. 
Specta'tor. s. a looker-on. a beholder. 
Spectato'rial, a. pertaining to a spectator. 
Specta'torship, s. the office of a specator. 
Specta'tress, Specta'trix, s. a female looker 

on or beholder. 
Spec'tral, a. pertaining to a spectre, ghostly. 
Spec'tre, s. an apparition, a ghost. 
Spectrum, s. an image, a visible form. 
Spec'ular, a. having the qualities of a mirror ; 

assisting sight ; affording view. 
Spec'ulate, v. to meditate, to contemplate ; 
to make a venture in trade with a yiew to 
great profit. 



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279 



SPI 



Speculation, s. view, contemplation, scheme ; 

the act of speculating commercially. 
Spec'ulatist, s. a speculator, a theorist. 
Speculative, a. contemplative, ideal- 
Spec'ulatively, ad. ideally, theoretically. 
Spec'ulativeness, s. the being speculative. 
Spec'ulator, s. one who speculates. 
Spec'ulatory, a. exercising speculation. 
Spec'ulum, s. a mirror, a looking-glass. 
Speech, s. the power of expressing thoughts j 

by words ; language ; an oration. 
Speech'ify, v. to harangue, to make a speech I 
N 'used contemptuously.) 1 

Speechless, a. deprived of speech, dumb. 
Speechlessness, s. state of being speechless. 
Speech'-maker, s. one who makes speeehes. 
Speed, v. to make haste, to despatch, to have 
success : s. quickness, haste, celerity ; 
success. 
Speedily, ad. quickly, hastily, readily. 
Speedlness, s. the quality of being speedy. 
Spee'dy, a. quick, swift, nimble, ready. 
Spell, s. a charm ; a turn at work. 
Spell, v. to name or write the letters of a word. 
Spell'er, s. one that spells. 
Spelling, s. the manner of forming words 

with letters ; orthography. 
Spell'ing-book, s. a book for teaching children 

to spell and read. 
Spel'ter, s. common zinc. 
Spen'cer, s. a kind of short coat. 
Spend, v. to consume, to expend, to waste, 

to exhaust; to pass or consume time. 
Spend'er, s. one who spends, a prodigal. 
Spend'ing, s. the act of expending. 
Spendthrift, s. a prodigal, a lavisher. 
Spe'rable, a. that may be hoped. 
Sperm, s. the seed or spawn of animals ; a 

kind of whale oil. 
Spermace'ti, s. an unctuous substance found 

in sperm whales. 
Spermatic, Spermat'ical, a. consisting of or 

relating to sperm ; seminal. 
Sper'matize, v. to yield seed. 
Spew, v. to vomit, to eject, to cast forth. 
Spew'er, s. one who vomits or ejects. 
Spew'ing, s. the act of vomiting. 
Spha"celate, v. to gangrene, to mortify. 
Spha"celus, s. a mortification, a gangrene. 
Sphere, s. a globe, an orb ; circuit of motion ; 
compass of knowledge or action; province, 
rank : v. to form into roundness. 
Spher'ic, Spher'ical, a. round, globular. 
Spherically, ad. in form of a sphere. 
Spher'icalness, Splieri"city, s. rotundity. 
Spherics, s. doctrine of the sphere. 
Sphe'roid, s. a body like a sphere, but not 

exactly round. 
Spheroid'al, Spheroid'ic, Spheroidical, a. 

having the form of a spheroid. 
Spheroid'ity, s. the being spheroidal. 
Spher'ule, .?. a small globe or sphere. 
Sphe'ry, a. belonging to the spheres. 
Sphinx, s. a fabulous monster with the face 
of a woman and the body of a quadruped, 
that proposed riddles, and devoured those 
who could not solve them. 
Spice, s. a small portion, a specimen. 
Spice, s. any aromatic substance, as nutmegs, 

mace, pepper, ginger, &c. 
Spice, v. to season with spice. 



Spi'cer, s. one who deals in spices. 
Spi'cery, .?. spice, collectively. 
Spi'cing, s. the act of seasoning with spice. 
Spick-and-span, ad. quite fresh, quite new. 
Spick'nel, Spig'nel, s. the herb bearwort. 
Spic'ulate, v. to sharpen at the point. 
Spi'cy, a. producing spice, aromatic. 
Spi'der, s. a well-known spinning insect. 
Spi'der-catcher, s. a bird so called. 
Spi'der-like, a. resembling a spider. 
Spig'ot, s. a pin or peg put into the faucet to 

keep in the liquor. 
Spike, s an ear of corn ; a great nail. 
Spike, %. to fasten with spikes; to insert 

or drive in spikes. 
Spi'kenard, s. a fragrant plant; the oil or 

balsam produced from it. 
Spi'ky, a. having a sharp point. 
Spill, v. to shed, to lose by shedding; to 

throw away, to waste. 
Spiller, s. one who spills; a fishing-line. 
Spin, v. to draw out and twist into threads ; 
to extend to a great length ; to protract ; 
to put into a spinning or rotatory motion. 
Spin'ach, Spin'age, s. a garden plant. 
Spi'nal, a. belonging to the back-bone. 
Spin'dle, s. a pin or rod used in spinning ; 

any thing long and slender. 
Spin'dle, v. to shoot or grow like a spindle. 
Spin'dle-shanked, a. having slender legs. 
Spin'dle-shanks, s. a contemptuous term for 

a tall, slender person. 
Spine, s. the back-bone ; a thorn. 
Spi'nei, s. a sort of mineral. 
Spinet', s. a small harpsichord. 
Spi'net, s. a place where briers grow. 
Spinif'erous, a. bearing thorns, thorny. 
Spink, s. a bird; a finch. 
Spin'ner, s. one that spins, a spider. 
Spin'ning, a. used for spinning: s. the act 

of drawing or forming threads. 
Spin'ning-jenny, 5. a machine or engine for 

spinning cotton or wool into cloth. 
Spin'ning-wheel, s. a wheel for spinning. 
Spinos'ity, 5. the state of being thorny. 
Spi'nous, Spi'nose, a. thorny, full of thorns. 
Spin'ster, s. in law, an unmarried woman ; 
properly, a woman employed in spinning. 
Spin'stry, s. the work of spinning. 
Spi'ny, a. thorny, briery; perplexed. 
Spi'racle, s. a breathing-hole ; a vent. 
Spi'ral, a. turning round like a screw. 
Spi'rally, ad. in a spiral form. 
Spira'tion, s. the act of breathing. 
Spire, s. a curve or spiral line; any thing 
wreathed or contorted ; any thing which 
shoots up to a point ; a steeple. 
Spire, v. to shoot up pyramidically. 
Spi'red, a. having a steeple or spire. 
Spirit, s. the soul ; a ghost ; ardour, courage, 
vigour of mind ; essential quality, essence ; 
distilled liquors. 
Spirit, v. to animate, to excite. 
Spirited, a. lively, vivacious, full of fire 
Spiritedly, ad. in a spirited manner. 
Spirltedness, s. liveliness; ardour. 
Spir'itful, a. full of spirit, lively. 
Spirltfulness, s. sprightliness, liveliness. 
Spiritless, a. wanting spirit, dejected. 
Spiritlessly, ad. without spirit. 
Spirltlessness, s. state of being spiritless. 



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Spiritous, a. having the qualities of spirit; 

pure, ardent, refined, spirituous. 
Spirltousness, s. state of being spiritous. 
Spirits, s.pl. inflammable liquors, as brandy, 

rum, &c. ; temper or disposition of mind ; 

liveliness, animation. 
Spiritual, a. incorporeal; ecclesiastical. 
Spir'itualist, s. one who is spiritual. 
Spiritual'ity, s. quality of being spiritual. 
Spiritualiza'tion, s. act of spiritualizing. 
Spiritualize, v. to convert to a spiritual 

meaning; to refine, to purify. 
Spiritually, ad. in a spiritual manner. 
Spir'itualty, s. spiritual nature ; that which 

belongs to the church. 
Spir'ituousness, s. quality of being spirituous. 
Spir'ituous, a. containing spirit, spiritous ; 

vivid, airy, lively, ardent. 
Spirt, v. to throw or shoot out in a jet : s. a 

sudden ejection ; a sudden effort, a fit. 
Spir'tle, v. to shoot scatteringly. 
Spi'ry, a. of a spiral form; wreathed, curled. 
Spis'sated. a. thickened. 
Spis'situde, s. thickness; grossness. 
Spit, s. a utensil to roast meat with. 
Spit, s. spittle or saliva. 
Spit, v. to eject saliva from the mouth. 
Spit, v. to put upon a sjjit ; to thrust through. 
Spit'al, s. a charitable foundation, a hospital. 
Spi'tchcock, v. to split an eel lengthwise and 

broil it : s. an eel so dressed. 
Spite, s. malice, rancour, malignity. 
Spite, v. to thwart, to vex, to offend. 
Spi'teful, a. malicious, malignant, cross. 
Spi'tefully, ad. maliciously, malignantly. 
Spi'tefulness, s. malice, malignity. 
Spit'tle, s. the moisture of the mouth. 
Splash, s. wet or dirt thrown up as from a 

pool or puddle ; noise as from a splash. 
Splash, v, to spatter with water or dirt. 
Splash'y, a. wet, muddy; apt to daub. 
Splay'footed, a. having the feet broad or 

turned outward. 
Splay'mouth, s. a wide mouth. 
Spleen, s. the milt ; spite, ill-humour. 
Spleen'cd, a. having the spleen taken out. 
Spleen'ful, a. angry, fretful, peevish. 
Spleenless, a. kind, obliging, mild. 
Splcen'y, Splen'ish, a. angry; melancholy. 
Splcn'dent, a. shining, glossy. 
Splen'did, a. bright, showy, magnificent. 
Splen'didly, ad. magnificently; pompously. 
Splen'dor, s. lustre, magnificence, pomp. 
Splen'drous, a. having splendor. 
Splen'etic, a. fretful, peevish, angry. 
Splcn'etic, s. a peevish fretful person. 
Splen'ic, a. belonging to the spleen; dull. 
Splcn'itive, a. hot, fiery, passionate. 
Splent. s. a callous substance adhering to the 

shank-bone of a horse. 
Splice, s. the joining of the two ends of a 

rope without a knot. 
Splice, v. to join ropes hy interweaving. 
Splint, s. -a. splinter or thin piece of wood, &c. 

split off; a thin piece of wood to keep a 

set bone in its place. 
Splint, v. to shiver ; to secure by splints. 
Splin'ter, s. a thin piece of wood, bone, &c. 
Splin'ter, v. to break into fragments. 
Split, v. to divide lengthwise, to divide ; to 

cJeave ; to burst asunder. 



Split'ter, s. one who splits. 

Splut'ter, s. bustle, tumult. 

Spoil, s. pillage, plunder, booty. 

Spoil, v. to rob, to plunder ; to corrupt. 

Spoil'er, s. a robber, a plunderer, a pillager. 

Spoil'ful, a. wasteful, rapacious. 

Spoke, s. a bar of a wheel or carriage. 

Spo'kesman, s. he who speaks for another. 

Spoliate, v. to rob, to plunder. 

Spolia'tion, s. act of robbery or privation. 

Sponda'ic, a. pertaining to a spondee. 

Spon'dee, s. a foot of two long syllables. 

Spon'dyle, s. a joint of the spine. 

Sponge, s. a soft porous substance which 
imbibes or sucks up moisture: v. to wipe 
or -cleanse with a sponge; to wipe out as 
with a sponge ; to squeeze out as from a 
sponge, to drain ; to hang meanly on others 
for maintenance. 

Spon'ger, s. one who lives upon others. 

Spon'ging-house, s. a bailiff's house. 

Spon'giness, s. the quality of being spongv. 

Spon'gy, Spon'gious, a. like a sponge. 

Spon'sal, a. relating to marriage. 

Spon'sion, s. a becoming surety for another. 

Spon'sor, s. a surety ; a godfather, a proxy. 

Spontane'ity, s. voluntariness; willingness. 

Spontaneous, a. voluntarily, not compelled. 

Spontaneously, ad. voluntarily, freely. 

Sponta neousness, s. freedom of will. 

Spontoon', s. a kind of half-pike or halberd. 

Spool, s. a small reed to wind yarn upon. 

Spoom, v. to sail before the wind. 

Spoon, s. a utensil used in eating liquids. 

Spoon'bill, s. a large bird of the pelican kind. 

Spoon'ing, s. scudding, a sea term. 

Spoon' ful, s. as much as a spoon can hold. 

Spoon'meat, s. food taken with a spoon. 

Spor'ades, s.pl. scattered stars, isles, &c. 

Sporadic, Sporadical, a. diseases which af- 
fect but few persons at a time : opposed to 
epidemical. 

Sport, s. play, diversion, mirth ; diversions 

' of the field, as hunting and shooting. 

Sport, v. to divert, frolic, game, trifle. 

Spor'ter, ,?. one who sports. 

Sportl'ul, a. merry, ludicrous, done in jest. 

Sport' fully, ad. playfully, merrily. 

Sport'fulness, s. playfulness, frolic. 

Sport'ingly, ad. in jest, in sport. 

Sportive, a. gay, merry, frolicsome. 

Sportlveness, s. gayety ; wantonness. 

Sport'Jess, a. joyless; sad. 

Sports'man, s. one who loves field sports. 

Spor'tuiary, a. subsisting on doles or alms. 

Spor'tule, s. an alms ; a dole. 

Spot, s. a mark, a speck ; a stain, a blemish; 
a small place: v. to mark with spots, to 
stain, to tarnish. 

Spotless, a. pure, holy, immaculate. 

Spot'lessness, s. state of being spotless. 

Spot'tedness, s. the state of being spotted. 

Spottiness, s. quality of being spotty. 

Spot'ty, a. full of spots, maculated. 

Spou'sal, a. nuptial, bridal : s. marriage. 

Spouse, s. a husband or wife. 

Spou'se, v. to espouse, to wed. 

Spou'seless, a wanting a husband or wife. 

Spout, s. a projecting mouth of a vessel; a 
pipe ; water falling in a body. 

Spout, v. to pour out as from a spout. 



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Spout'er, s. one -who spouts speeches. 

Spouting, s. the act of pouring out as from 
a spout; recitation, declamation. 

Sprain, s. a violent strain of the ligaments 
without dislocation of the joint : v. to over- 
strain the ligaments. 

Sprat, s. a small sea-fish. 

Sprawl, v. to lie with the limhs spread out 
or struggling. 

Spray, s. a small shoot or branch. 

Spray, s. the foam of the sea. 

Spread, v. to extend, to expand ; to diffuse. 

Spread, s. extent, compass, expansion. 

Spread'er, s. one that spreads. 

Spreading, s. the act of extending. 

Spreading, a. extending over a large space. 

Sprig, v. to mark or work with sprigs. 

Sprig, s. a small branch or spray. 

Sprig'gy, a. full of sprigs. 

Spright, s. a spirit, a sprite. 

Spright'ful, a. brisk, gay, lively. 

Spright'fully, ad. briskly ; vigorously. 

Spright'fulness, s. briskness ; vivacity. 

Spright'less, a. without spirit, dull, sluggish. 

Spright'liness, s. liveliness, gayety, vivacity. 

Sprightly, a. gay, lively, vivacious. 

Spring, s. the season in which plants spring 
up from the ground ; a well of water spring- 
ing up out of the earth ; elastic power. 

Spring, u. to shoot up unexpectedly or im- 
perceptibly, as plants ; to spring up sud- 
denly as an elastic body, when the pres- 
sure is removed; to spring or leap upon as 
a wild beast on its prey. 

Springe, s. a noose that catches by a jerk. j 

Springe, v. to ensnare, to catch in a trap. 

Spring'er, s. one who springs or rouses game, j 

Spring'halt, s. a lameness by which a horse ! 
twitches up his legs. 

Spring'head, s. fountain ; source. 

Springi'ness, s. elasticity. 

Springing, s. the act of leaping ; growth. 

Sprin'gle, s. a springe; an clastic noose. 

Spring'-tide, s. high tide at the new moon. 

Spring'y, a. elastic; full of springs. 

Sprin'kle, s. a small quantity scattered. 

Sprin'kle, v. to scatter in small drops or 
masses ; to wet, to purify. 

Sprin'kler, s. one who sprinkles. 

Sprin'kling, s. a small quantity scattered. 

Sprit, v. to shoot, to sprout out. 

Sprit, s. a shoot, a sprout ; a pole, a boom. 

Sprite, s. a spirit. Sue Spright. 

Sprit'sail, s. a sail extended by a sprit. 

Sprout, v. to shoot up as a plant. 

Sprout, s. a shoot of a vegetable. 

Sprouts, S. pi. young coleworts. 

Spruce, a. neat, trim: s. kind of fir. 

Spruce, v. to trim, to dress. 

Spru'ce-bcer, s. beer tinctured with fir. 

Spru'cely, ad. in a neat trim manner. 

Spru'ccncss, s. trimncss in dress. 

Spud, s. a short knife. 

Spume, s. foam, froth: v. to foam, to froth. 

Spumes'cencc, s. froth in ess; state of foaming 

Spu'mous, Spu'my, a. frothy, foamy. 

Spunge, Spun'gcr. See Sponge. 

Spun'ging-bouso. Sec Sponging-house. 

Spunk, s. touchwood; and hence, temper 
easily kindled ; spirit, mettle. 

Spur, v. to prick with a spur; to incite. 



Spur, s. a goad worn at the heel by horse- 
men; the sharp point on a cock's leg; any 
thing that stimulates or incites. 

Spur'gall, s. a wound made by a spur. 

Spur'gall, v. to gall or wound with a spur. 

Spurge, s. a purgative plant. 

Spu'rious, a. counterfeit, not legitimate. 

Spu'riously, ad. in a spurious manner. 

Spu'riousness, s. state of being spurious. 

Spurn, v. to kick; to reject with contempt: 
s. a kick; disdainful rejection. 

Spurn'er, s. one who spurns. 

Spur'red, a. wearing spurs. 

Spur'rier, s. one who makes spurs. 

Spurt. See Spirt. 

Spur'way, s. a right of horse-way. 

Sputa'tion, s. the act of spitting. 

Spu'tative, a. spitting much. 

Sput'ter, s. moist matter sputtered out. 

Sput'ter, v. to, spit in scattered small drops 
as in rapid speaking ; to speak hastily and 
indistinctly. 

Sput'ter or, s. one that sputters. 

Spy, s. one who watches another's motions. 

Spy, v. to discover at a distance ; to search 
narrowly; to explore. 

Spy'boat, s. a boat sent out for intelligence. 

Squab, s. a kind of sofa or couch. 

Squab, a. unfeathered ; thick, short, and fat ; 
a thick stuffed cushion or sofa. 

Squab'bish, Squab'by, a. thick, fat, heavy. 

Squab'ble, s. a low brawl, a petty quarrel. 

Squab'ble, v. to quarrel, to wrangle. 

Squab'bler, s. a brawling, wrangling fellow. 

Squab-pie, s. a pie made of squab pigeons. 

Squad, j. a small square (squadron) or body 
of soldiers ; a set of people. 

Squad'ron, s. a body drawn up in a square ; 
a part of an army or fleet. 

Squad'roned, a. formed into squadrons. 

Squalid, a. foul, filthy; ill-favored. 

Squalid'ity, Squal'idness, s. the state or qua- 
lity of being squalid. 

Squall, v. to scream as a child: s. a loud 
scream ; a sudden gust of wind. 

SquaU'er, s. one that squalls. 

Squall'y, a. abounding with squalls, gusty. 

Squalor, s. squalidness. 

Squalniform, a. having the form of scales. 

Squa'mous, a. scaly, rough. 

Squan'der, v. to spend profusely ; to scatter. 

Squan'derer, s. a spendthrift, a waster. 

Square, a. having four equal sides and four 
right angles ; forming a right angle ; equal, 
exact, fair. 

Square, s. a square figure ; the product of a 
number multiplied by itself; an instru- 
ment for forming angles ; a square space 
of ground with buildings on each side ; a 
squadron. 

Square, v. to form with right angles ; to mul- 
tiply a number by itself; to adjust, to fit. 

Squash, s. any thing soft or easily squashed ; 
a sort of pumpion or vegetable marrow; a 
shock of soft bodies; a sudden fall. 

Squash, v. to crush into pulp ; to crush. 

Squat, s. close to the ground, cowering; re- 
sembling one who squats, thick and short. 

Squat, v. the posture of one who squats; a 
sudden fall ; a mineral. 

Squat, v. to bruise or make flat, 



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Squat, ». to sit down on the hams or heels ; 

to sit cowering or close to the ground ; to 

settle on another's land without title or 

permission. 
Squaw, s. a term among the American In- 
dians for a female or wife. 
Squeak, v. to make a quick shrill noise. 
Squeak, s. a shrill quick cry. 
Squeak'er, s. one who squeaks. 
Squeal, v. to squeak continuously. 
Squeam'ish, a. weak-stomached ; fastidious. 
Squeam'ishly, ad. in a fastidious manner. 
Squeam'ishness, s. state of being squeamish. 
Squea'sy, a. queasy, nice, fastidious. 
Squeeze, v. to press, to crush, to oppress. 
Squeeze, s. compression, pressure. 
Squeezing, s. the act of pressing. 
Squelch, v. to crush : s. a heavy fall. 
Squib, s. a little firework that whizzes and 

cracks ; a flash ; a lampoon. 
Squill, s. a bulbous plant used in medicine; 

a crustaceous fish ; an insect. 
Squin'ancy, s. a quinsy. 
Squint, s. an oblique look : a. looking awry. 
Squint, v. to look obliquely or awry. 
Squint'eyed, a. having eyes with squint. 
Squinting, s. the act of looking obliquely. 
Squint'ingly, ad. with an oblique look. 
Squire, s. an abbreviation of Esquire. 
?quire, v. to attend as a squire ; to chaperon. 
Squi'reship, s. rank and state of an esquire. 
Squir'rel, s. a small nimble animal with a 

furry tail. 
Squirt, v. to eject in a quick stream. 
Squirt, s. a stream squirted ; a syringe. 
Squirt'er, s. one that plies a squirt. 
Stab, s. a wound with a sharp weapon. 
Stab, v. to pierce with a pointed weapon. 
Stab'ber, s. one who stabs; an assassin. 
Stabil'irnent, s. support ; firmness. 
Stabiritate, v. to make stable. 
Stability, s. steadiness, fixedness, firmness. 
Sta'ble, a. able to stand ; firm ; durable. 
Sta'ble, s. a stand or building for horses : v. 

to put into a stable; to dwell as beasts. 
Sta'bleboy, Sta'bleman, s. one who attends 

in the stable. 
Sta'bleness, s. power to stand; steadiness. 
Sta'bling, s. a house or room for beasts. 
Stab'lish, v. to establish; to fix; to settle. 
Sta'bly, ad. firmly, steadily. 
Stack, s. a pile of hay, corn, or wood; a row 

of chimneys or funnels. 
Stack, v. to pile up into a stack or stacks. 
Stack'-yard, s . an enclosure for stacks. 
Sf.c'te, s. an aromatic gum. 
Stad'dle, s. a support, a crutch ; a young 

tree left standing when a wood is cut. 
Sta'diuon. s. a race-course: a career; the 

eighth part of a Roman mile. 
Stadt'holder, s. formerly the chief magis- 
trate of the united province of Holland. 
Staff, s. » stick used in walking ; a prop or \ 

support; an ensign of office ; a number of 

officer! specially attached to an army or j 

comm*Mder. 
Stag, *. a red male deer; the male of the j 

hind. 
Stage, *. am elevated platform or floor for 

exhibitions ; the theatre ; a place of rest ; 

on a journey; a. step, a degree of advance. | 



Sta'ge-coach, s. a coach that travels regulai 
stages, and carries passengers. 

Sta'ge-play, s. a theatrical entertainment. 

Sta'ge-player, s. a theatrical performer. 

Sta'ger, s. a player; an old practitioner. 

Sta'gery, s. scenic exhibition. 

Stag'-evil, s. a kind of palsy in a horse's jaw. 

Stag'gard, s. a four-year-old stag. 

Stag'ger, v. to reel or move as if about to 
fall ; to begin to give way ; to hesitate ; to 
cause to doubt or waver ; to alarm. 

Staggering, s. the act of reeling. 

Stag'geringly, ad. in a reeling manner. 

Stag'gers, s. vertigo in horses. 

Stag'nancy, s. the state of being stagnant. 

Stag'nant, a. standing, motionless, still. 

Stag'nate, v. to cease to flow or move. 

Stagnation, s. cessation of motion. 

Sta"girite, s. an appellation given to Aris- 
totle, from Stagira, his birthplace. 

Staid, a. steady, sober, grave. 

Staid'ness, s. steadiness, sobriety, gravity. 

Stain, v. to tinge ; to blot, to disgrace. 

Stain, s. a blot ; taint, disgrace. 

Stain'er, s. one who stains ; a dyer. 

Stain'less, a. free from stain. 

Stair, s. a step for ascending; a set of steps 

Stair'-case, s. the part of a house which con- 
tains the stairs ; a set of stairs. 

Stake, s. a post or strong stick fixed in the 
ground; a palisade; any thing pledged 
or wagered ; hazard. 

Stake, v. to fasten or support with stakes; 
to wager ; to hazard. 

Stalac'tic, Stalac'tical, a. in the form of a 
stalactite. 

Stalao'tite, s. a spar or mineral which hangs 
like icicles from the roof of a cavern. 

Stalag'mite, s. a mineral formed by drop- 
pings on the floor of caverns. 

Stale, s. the urine of cattle : v. to void urine. 

Stale, a. not fresh ; old, worn out, decayed. 

Stalely, ad. of old; of long time. 

Sta'leness, 5. oldness, not freshness. 

Stalk, v. to walk with high steps ; to walk 
stately; to walk behind a stalking-horse: 
s. a high stately step. 

Stalk, s. the stem of a herb. 

Staik'ed, a. having a stalk. 

Stalk'er, s. one who stalks. 

Staik'ing-horse, s. a horse real or fictitious, 
behind which a sportsman conceals his ap- 
proach from the game ; a mask, a pretence. 

Stalk'y, a. as hard as a stalk, like a stalk. 

Stall, s. a crib for horses or oxen, &c. : a 
stand or stable ; a booth ; a stand or seat 
of a dignified clergyman in a choir. 

Stall, v. to keep in a stall or stable. 

Stall'age, s. rent paid for a stall. 

Stall -ted, a. fed not with grass, but dry food. 

Stal'lion, s. a horse not castrated. 

Stal'worth, a. brave ; becoming a knight. 

Sta'men, s. the filament and anther of a 
flower; texture: foundation. 

Stam'ened, a. furnished with stamens. 

Stam'ina, s. first principles of any thing; 
foundation, solidity, strength. 

Stam'mel, s. a kind of red color. 

Stam'mer, v. to falter in one's speech. 

Siam'merer, s. one who stammers. 

Stam'mering, s. an impediment in speech. 



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?(am'meringly, ad. with stammering. 

Stamp, v. to impress with a mark ; to fix by 
impressing, to fix deeply; to coin; to 
strike the foot forcibly down. 

Stamp, s. an instrument to make an impres- 
sion; the impression made; the thing 
marked ; a government mark set on things 
that pay duty ; character, good or bad. 

Stamp'er, s. an instrument for stamping. 

Stamp'ing-mill, s. an engine or machine for 
breaking ore. 

Stamp'-office, s. the office where government 
stamps are delivered. 

Stanch, v. to stay or stop from flowing. 

Stanch, a. steady, steadfast ; faithful, trusty. 

Stanch'ion, s. a prop, a support. 

Stanch'less, a. that cannot be stanched. 

Stanch'ness, s. firmness ; soundness. 

Stand, v. to be upon the feet ; to remain 
erect ; to be fixed or firm ; to continue or 
last ; to halt or stop ; to offer as a candi- 
date ; to persist, to abide. 

Stand, s. a station; a stop; a difficulty as 
causing a stop ; a frame or place for any 
thing to stand on. 

Stan'dard, s. an ensign in war ; a fixed rule ; 
a settled rate. 

Stan'dard-bearer, s. one who carries a stan- 
dard or ensign. 

Stan'del, s. a tree of long standing. 

Sfcand'er, s. one who stands ; an old tree. 

Stand'ing, a. erect ; settled ; lasting ; stag- 
nant ; s. continuance ; station ; rank. 

Stan'dish, s. a case for pen and ink. 

Stang, s. a measure of land, a perch. 

Stan'nary, s. the mines and places where tin 
is dug and refined. 

Stan'nary, a. relating to tin-works. 

Stan'yel, s. the common stone hawk. 

Stan'za, s. a certain number of lines of poetry 
regularly adjusted to each othei. 

Sta'ple, s. a settled or established mart, an 
emporium ; the original material of a 
manufacture. 

Sta'ple, a. settled, established in commerce. 

Sta'pler, s. a dealer, as a wool-stapler. 

Star, s. a luminous body in the heavens. 

Star. v. to adorn with stars; to bespangle. 

Star'-apple, s. a soft fleshy fruit of America. 

Star'board, s. the right hand side of a ship, 
when a person stands with his face towards 
the head. 

Starch, s. a substance made of flour or pota- 
toes, to stiffen linen with. 

Starch, v. to stiffen with starch. 

Starch, a. stiff, precise, formal. 

Star'-chamber, *. a court of criminal juris- 
diction of very arbitrary power, abolished 
in the reign of Charles I. 

Starch'ed, a. stiffened with starch; formal. 

Starch 'cr, s. one whose trade is to starch. 

Starch'ly, ad. stiffly ; precisely. 

Starch'ness, s. stiffness; preciseness. 

Stare, s. See Starling. 

Stare, v. to look with fixed eyes, as an effect 
of wonder, horror, or impudence: s. a 
fixed look. 

Sta'rer, s. one who looks with fixed eyes. 

Star'fish, s. a genus of marine animals hav- 
ing radiated bodies. 

Star'gazer, s. an astronomer or astrologer. 



Starga'zing, s. the act of viewing the stars. 

Star'-hawk, s. a species of hawk. 

Stark, a. stiff; firm, confirmed, complete: 

ad. wholly, completely. 
Star'less, a. having no light of stars. 
Star'light, s. light from the stars. 
Star'light, a. lighted by the stars. 
Star 'like, a. resembling a star, bright. 
Starling, s. a bird ; sometimes called Stare 
Star'-paved, a. set or studded with stars. 
Star'-proof, a. impervious to starlight. 
Star'red, a. decorated with stars. 
Star'ry, a. consisting of or like stars. 
Star'-shoot, s. an emission from a star. 
Star'-stone, s. a stone radiated like a star. 
Start, v. to rise suddenly ; to move or set off 

with sudden quickness ; to shrink, to wince; 

to rouse, to alarm. 
Start, s. a sudden motion from alarm ;' a 

sudden spring or bound ; a sudden fit ; a 

sally ; the act of setting out. 
Start'er, s. one that starts. 
Start'ing, s. the act of moving suddenly. 
Start'ingly, ad. by fits or starts. 
Start'ing-post, s. the barrier from which the 

horses in a race start. 
Star 'tie, v. to start by surprise or fright. 
Star'tle, s. sudden alarm ; shock.' 
Starve, v. to kill with hunger or cold. 
Star'veling, s. a poor lean animal : a. hungry. 
Star'wort, s. a plant ; elecampane. 
Sta'tary, a. fixed, settled, determined. 
State, s. a condition ; station, dignity, pomp ; 

a community, a republic. 
State, v. to settle; to represent, to tell. 
Sta'tedly, ad. regularly; not occasionally. 
Stateliness, s. grandeur, dignity, pride. 
Sta'tely, a. lofty, grand, pompous. 
Sta'tely, ad. loftily, majestically, proudly. 
Statement, s. the act of stating ; a series of 

facts or circumstances stated. 
State-monger,- s. an over-busy politician. 
Sta'te-room, s. a magnificent room in a pa- 
lace or mansion ; the principal or ehief 

cabin in a ship. 
Statesman, *. one employed in public af- 
fairs ; one versed in the arts of govern - 

ment ; a politician. 
Statesmanship, s. the qualifications or skill 

of a statesman. 
Stat'ic, Stat'ical, a. relating to weighing. 
Stat'ics, s. the science of weighing bodi s. 
Station, s. a stand, or post ; condition, rank 
Station, v. to place in a certain posi 
Stational, a. pertaining to a station. 
Stationary, a. fixed ; not progressive. 
Stationer, s. a dealer in stationery. 
Stationery, s. paper, pens, ink, &c. 
Station-house, s. a building in which a bod> 

of policemen are stationed. 
Statist, a\ a statesman, a politician. 
Statistics, Statistical, a. relating to statistics. 
Statistics, ,y. that part of political sciencf 

whioh treats of the condition, strength, 

and resources of a nation. 
Stat'uary, s. a carver of images. 
Stat'ue, s. an image of metal, stone, &c. 
Stat'ure, s. the height of any animal. 
Stat'utable, a. according to statute. 
Stat'utably, ad. agreeably with the statute. 
Stat'ute, *. an act of parliament, a law. 



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284 



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Stat'utory, a. enaeted by statute. 
Stave, *. a metrical portion ; a verse. 
Stave, v. to break in pieces ; to push or ward 

off, as with a staff; to put off. 
Staves, s. the pi. of Staff. 
Stay, v. to continue in a place; to stop, to 

remain, to abide, to prop, to support. 
Stay, s. continuance in a place; stop ; fixed 

state ; a prop or support. 
Stay'ed, a. settled, fixed, serious, grave. 
Stay'edness, s. moderation ; gravity. 
Stay'er, s. that which restrains or props. 
Stay'lace, s. a lace to fasten stays. 
Stay'less, a. not making stop or delay. 
Stay'maker, s. one who makes stay3 
Stay'tackle, s. the tackle on shipboard for 

hoisting heavy weights. 
Stays, s. a kind of stiff waistcoat worn by 

women ; ropes to support a mast* 
Stay'sails, s. any sail extended by a stay. 
Stead, s. (where any thing stands,) place, 

room ; the frame or support of a bed : v. 

to help to advantage. 
Stead'fast, a. fixed, firm, constant, resolute. 
Stead'fastly, ad. firmly, constantly. 
Stead'fastness, s. firmness ; resolution. 
Stead'ily, ad. without variation or shaking. 
Steadi'ness, s. firmness ; constancy. 
Stead'y, v. to make steady. 
Slead'y, a. fixed, firm; constant, regular. 
Steak, s. a slice of flesh for broiling. 
Steal, v. to take by theft; to practise theft; 

to withdraw privily. 
Steal'er, v. one who steals ; a thief. 
Steal'ing. s. the act or practice of theft. 
Steal'ingly, ad. by stealth. 
Stealth, s. the act of stealing; secret act. 
Stealth'ily, ad. performed by stealth. 
Stealth' y, a. clandestine ; secret. 
Steam, s. the smoke or vapour of any thing 

moist or hot : v. to send up or emit vapour ; 

to expose to steam. 
Steam'-boat, Steam'er, s. a vessel propelled 

by the expansive power of steam. 
Steam'-engine, s. an engineworked by steam. 
Ste'atite, s. soap-stone, which feels greasy. 
Steed, s. a horse for state or war ; a horse. 
Steel, s. iron hardened and refined ; any 

thins; made of steel, a weapon : a. made 

of steel. 
Steel, v. to point with steel ; to harden. 
Steel'iness, s. great hardness. 
Steel'y, a. made of steel ; hard, firm. 
Steel'yard, 5. a balance in which the weight 

is moved along an iron rod. 
Steep, a. high, precipitous, of difficult as- 
cent : s. a precipitous place. 
Steep, v. to soak in liquor. 
Steep'iness, s. the state of being steep. 
Stee'ple, s. a turret of a church, a spire. 
Stee'ple-chase, s. the term given by hunts- 
men to a chase or race in a direct line. 
Stee'pled, a. having towers or turrets. 
Steep'l y, ad. with precipitous* declivity. 
Steep'ness, s. precipitous declivity. 
Steep'y, a. steep, precipitous 
Steer, s. a young ox. 

Steer, v. to guide a ship ; to direct or guide. 
Steer'age, s. the act or practice of steering; 

direction of any course ; an apartment in 

the fore part of a ship for the sailors. i 



Steer 'er, s, a steersman, a pilot. 
Steer'ing, s. the act of guiding a ship. 
Steer'ing-wheel, s. the wheel by which a 

ship is steered. 
Steer'less, a. having no rudder. 
Steers'man, s. he who steers a ship. 
Steganog'raphy, s. the art of secret writing. 
Stel'lar, Stel'lary. a. astral, starry. 
Stellate, Stel'lated, a. pointed as a star. 
Stel'lify, v. to turn into a star. 
Stel'lion, s. a newt; a spotted lizard. 
Stel'lite, s. a petrifaction of the star-fish. 
Stelog'raphy, s. an inscription on a pillar. 
Stem, s. a stalk; twig; family, race, gene- 
ration ; a ship's prow. 
Stem, v. to oppose as a current; to stop. 
Stem'less, a. having no stem. 
Stench, s. a stink, a bad smell. 
Sten'cil, s. apiece of thin leather or oil-cloth, 

used in painting paper-hangings. 
Sten'cil, v. to paint with stencils. 
Stenog'rapher, Stenog'raphist, s. one skilled 

in short-hand writing. 
Stenog'raphy, s. the art of writing in short- 
hand; a short method of writing. 
Stento'rian, a. uncommonly loud, (having a 
voice like Stentor, the herald, who, ac- 
cording to Homer, shouted as loud as fifty 
other men.) 
Step. s. a pace, a stair, a round of a ladder ; 
a degree in advance ; a small space ; gait; 
an act or proceeding in any matter. 
Step, v. to move with the feet, to walk ; to 

walk gravely; to walk a short way. 
Step'-dame, Step'-mother, J. a father's wife, 

when the real mother is dead. 
Step'-daughter, s. a daughter by marriage 

with her surviving parent. 
Step'-father, s. a mother's husband, when 

the father is dead. 
Step'-son, s. a son by marriage only. 
Steppe, s. a large barren plain or waste. 
Step'ping-stone, s. a stone for stepping on. 
Stercora'ceous, a. belonging to dung. 
Ster'corary, s. a place for holding dung. 
Stercora'tion, s. the act of dunging. 
Stereograph'ic, a. delineated on a plane. 
Stereograph'ically, ad. by stereography. 
Stereog'raphy, s. the art of drawing the 

forms of solids upon a plane. 
Stereom'etry, s. the art of measuring solid 

bodies to find their contents. 
Stereot'omy, s. the art of cutting solids. 
Ster'eotype, s. a solid or fixed type: a. per- 
taining to stereotype : v. to print with 
stereotype. 
Ster'eotyper, s. one who stereotypes. 
Ster'ile, a. barren, unfruitful. 
Steril'ity, s. barrenness, unfruitfu.ness. 
Ster'ilize, v. to make barren. 
Sterling, s. English coin ; standard weight. 
Sterling, a. genuine ; lawful English coin. 
Stern, a. severe of look or manners, harsh. 
Stern, s. the part of a ship where the udder 

is placed ; the hind or after part. 
Stern'-chase, s. a cannon in a ship's stern. 
Stern'ly, ad. severely, harshly. 
Stern'most, a. farthest in the rear. 
Stern'ness, s. severity of look or manners, 
Ste/num, [Lat.] s. the breast-bone. 
Sternuta'tion, s. the act of sneezing. 



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Stern u'tative, a. apt to cause sneezing. 
Sternu'tatory, a. having the quality of pro- 
voking to sneeze : s. a powder to excite 

sneezing. 
Steth'oscope, s. a tube for ascertaining the 

state of the ]ungs by sound. 
Stew, v. to seethe in a slow heat with little 

water: s. meat stewed; a brothel. 
Stew'ard, s. a manager of another's affairs. 
Stewardship, s. the office of a steward. 
Stew'ing, s. the act of seething slowly. 
Stew'ish, a. suiting the stews. 
Stew'-pan, s. a pan used for stewing. 
Stews, s. the abode of prostitutes, a brothel. 
Stib'ial. a. antimonial; like antimony. 
Stib'iated, a. impregnated with antimony. 
Stib'ium, S. antimony. 

Stick, s. a long small piece of wood ; a- staff. 
Stick, v. to pierce, to stab ; to fasten to ; to 

adhere closely. 
Stick'iness,", s. adhesive quality, tenacity. 
Stic'klc, v. to contend with obstinacy ; to 

stand up for ; to defend. 
Stic'kle-back, s. a kind offish. 
Stic'kler, s. a zealot in any public question ; 

an obstinate contender. 
Stiek'y, a. viscous, adhesive, glutinous. 
Stiff, a. inflexible, harsh, formal, strong. 
Stiffen, v. to make or grow stiff. 
Stiffening, s. that which makes stiff. 
Stiffly, ad. rigidly, inflexibly, stubbornly. 
Stiff necked, a. stubborn, perverse. 
Stiffness, s. obstinacy, inflexibility. 
Sti'fle, v. to suffocate ; to suppress. 
Stig'ma, J. a brand, a mark of infamy. 
Stig'mata, s. pi. apertures in the bodies of 

insects communicating with the air-vessels. 
Stigmat'ic, a. branded with some token of 

infamy : s. a person branded with infamy. 
Stigmat'ically, ad. with a mark of infamy. 
Stig'matize, v. to mark with infamy. 
Stile, s. a set of steps into a field. 
Stilet'to, s. a small dagger. 
Still, v. to silence, to quiet, to appease. 
Still, a. silent, quiet; calm, motionless. 
Still, s. a vessel for distillation ; v. to distill. 
Still, s. stillness, silence, quietude. 
Still, ad. till now ; continually ; nevertheless. 
Stil'latory, s. a vessel for distillation. 
Still'born, a. dead in the birth, born lifeless. 
Still icid'ious, a. falling in drops. 
Still'-life, s. a term in painting for such 

things as are without animal life. 
Still'ness, s. calmness, quietness, silence. 
Still'y, a. silent, tranquil. 
Stilt, s. a long piece of wood, with a rest for 

the foot, used by boys for walking in a 

raised position. 
Stilt, v. to raise on stilts, or as on stilts. 
Stim'ulant, a. stimulating, exciting. 
Stim'ulant, s. a stimulating medicine. 
Stim'ulate, v. to goad, to spur ; to excite. 
Stimulation, s. the act of stimulating. 
Stim'ulative, a. stimulant : s. a provocative. 
Stim'ulator, s. one who stimulates. 
Stim'ulus, s. a goad, something that excites. 
Sting, v. to pierce or wound with a sting. 
Sting, s. a sharp point with which some ani- 
mals are armed ; any thing that gives pain 

or remorse. 
Stiug'er, s. whatever stings or vexes. 



Stin'gily, ad. with mean eovetousness. 

Stin'giness, s. covetousness, niggardliness. 

Stintless, a. having no sting. 

Stin'go, s. fine old strong beer. 

Stin'gy, a. covetous, niggardly, avaricious. 

Stink, s. an offensive smell, a stench. 

Stink, v. to emit an offensive smell. 

Stink'ard, s. a mean stinking fellow. 

Stink'er, s. something offensive to the smell 

Stink'ingly, ad. with a stink. 

Stink'pot, s. a kind of hand grenade, filled 
with a stinking composition. 

Stint, s. limit, restraint, quantity assigned. 

Stint, v. to limit, to restrain. 

Stint'er, s. one that stints. 

Sti'pend, s. wages, salary, settled pay. 

Sti'pend, v. to pay by settled wages. 

Stipen'diary, s. one who serves for a stipend. 

Stipen'diary, a. receiving a salary. 

Stip'ple, v. to engrave in dots. 

Stip'ulate, v. to contract, to bargain. 

Stipula'tion, s. a bargain, a contract. 
I Stip'ulator, s. one who stipulates. 
| Stir, v. to move, to agitate, to incite. 

Stir, s. tumult, bustle, commotion. 

Stir'ious, a. resembling icicles. 

Stir'rer, s. one in motion ; an early riser. 

Stir'ring, a. active, busy; exciting. 

Stir'ring, s. the act of moving. 

Stir'rup, s. a support for a horseman's foot. 

Stitch, v. to sew; to join or unite. 

Stitch, s. a pass of a needle and thread : a 
link of yarn in knitting ; a sharp pain in 
the side. 

Stitch'ing, s. the act of sewing. 

Stith'y, s. a smith's shop ; an anvil. 

Stith'y, v. to form on the anvil, to forge. 

Stive, v. to stuff up close ; to make hot. 

Sti'ver, s. a Dutch copper coin. 

Stoat, j. an animal of the weasel kind. 

Stocca'do, s. a thrust with a rapier. 

Stock, s. the trunk or body of a plant ; a 
log; a post; a blockhead ; a band for the 
neck ; the handle of any thing ; a race, a 
lineage ; a fund of money ; capital ; shares 
of a public debt due by government ; farm- 
ing store, cattle. 

Stock, v. to store, to lay in store, to supply ; 
to put into a stock or handle. 

Stocka'de, s. a barrier or defence of pointed 
stakes fastened in the ground : v. to fortify 
with sharpened stakes. 

Stockbroker, s. one who deals in stock, or 
the public funds. 

Stock'dove, 5. a kind of wild pigeon. 

Stock'fish, s. a cod dried without salt. 

Stock-gil'lyflower, 5. a plant. 

Stockholder, s. a proprietor of stock. 

Stock'ing, s. a covering for the leg. 

Stockjobber, s. one who deals in stock. 

Stock'jobbing, s. the act of buying and sel- 
ling stock in the public funds. 

Stock'lock, s. a lock fixed in wood. 

Stocks, s. a prison for the legs ; a frame ol 
timber on which ships are built. 

Stock'still, a. motionless as a log. 

Stock'y, a. thick and firm ; stout. 

Sto'ic, s. a philosopher of the sect of Zeno. 

Sto'ical, a. pertaining to the Stoics. 

Sto'iejuly, ad. coldly, apathetically. 

Sto'icalness, s. the state of being stoical. 



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Sto'ieism, s. the opinions of the Stoics. 

Sto'ker, s. one who attends to the lire. 

Stole, s. long vest ; a royal rohe. 

Stol'id, a. stupid, foolish. 

Stolid'ity, s. stupidity; doltishness, dulness. 

Stom'ach, s. the ventricle in which food is 
digested; appetite; inclination* anger, 
resentment, sullenness, pride. 

Stom'ach, 5. to resent, to be angry; to brook. 

Stom'acher, s. an ornamental covering worn 
by women on the breast. 

Stom'achful, a. sullen ; stubborn. 

Stom'ach fulness, s. stubbornness. 

Stomach'ic, a. relating to the stomach ; 
strengthening the stomach : s. a medicine 
for the stomach. 

Stom'achless, a. wanting an appetite. 

Stone, s. a hard concretion of some species 
of earths, as lime, silex, clay, &c. ; a gem ; 
a concretion in the kidneys or bladder; a 
hard shell which contains the seed of some 
kinds of fruits ; a weight of 14 lbs. 

Stone, a. made of or like stone. 

Stone, v. to pelt or kill with stones. 

Sto'ne-blind, a. entirely blind. 

Sto'ne-bow, s. a cross-bow for shooting stones. 

Sto'ne's-cast, Sto'ne's-throw, s. the distance 
to which a stone may be thrown. 

Sto'ne-chatter, s. a kind of bird. 

Bto'ne-cray, s. a distemper in hawks. 

Sto'ne-crop, s. a sort of herb. 

Sto'ne-cutter, s. a hewer of stones, a mason. 

Sto'ne-dead, a. as lifeless as a stone. 

Sto'ne-fruit, s. plums, apricots, peaches, &c. 

Sto'ne-pit, s. a pit where stones are dug. 

Sto'ne-pitch, s. hard inspissated pitch. 

Sto'ner, s. one who pelts or kills with stones. 

Sto'ne-ware, s. coarse potter's ware. 

Sto'ne-work, s. building of stone. 

Sto'niness, s . the state of being stony. 

Sto'ny, a. made of or full of stones; hard. 

Sto'ny-hearted, a. hard-hearted, cruel. 

Stook, j. a small stack of corn, containing 
twelve sheaves : v. to set up in stooks. 

Stool, s. a seat without a back ; an evacua- 
tion of the bowels. 

Stool'ball, s. a rural game with balls. 

Stoop, s. a measure of two quarts. 

Stoop, v. to bend down or forward ; to lean, 
in walking ; to yield or submit ; to conde- 
scend : s. the act of stooping ; an inclina- 
tion or bending forward. 

Stoop'er, s. one who stoops. 

Stoop'ingly, ad. with a stoop or bend. 

Stop, v. to hinder from further motion or 
operation; to obstruct; to close up; to 
cease to go forward : s. cessation ; obstruc- 
tion ; repression ; a pause or point in 
writing, &c. 

fctop'cock, s. a pipe made to let out liquor 
stopped by turning a cock. 

Stop'gap, s. a temporary expedient. 

Stoppage, s. an obstruction, hinderance. 

jstop'ple, Stop'per, s. that by which the 
mouth of a vessel is stopped. 

Sto'rage, s. the act of storing goods; the 
charge for keeping goods in store. 

Sto'rax, s. the name of a tree and its gum. 

Store, s. a large quantity ; an abundant sup- 
ply; plenty; a building where goods are 
stored ; a magazine. 



Store, v. to lay up in store ; to furnish. 

Sto'rehouse, s. a magazine, a warehouse. 

Storekeeper, s. he who has the care of stores. 

Storer, s. one who stores or lays up. 

Stor'ge, [Gr.] s. parental instinct. 

Sto'ried, a. celebrated in story; adorned 
with historical pictures. 

Stork, s. a large bird of passage. 

Storm, s. a tempest ; an assault on a forti- 
fied place ; violence ; commotion. 

Storm, v. to attack by open force ; to rage. 

Storm'-beaten, a. injured by storm. 

Storm'iness, s. state of being stormy. 

Storm'y, a. violent, tempestuous. 

Sto'ry, s. a narrative, a tale ; history. 

Sto'ry, v. to tell in history ; to relate. 

Sto'ry-teller, s. one who relates tales. 

Story, s. a stage or floor of a building. 

Stour, s. assault or tumult. 

Stout, a. firm, strong, lusty ; brave, bold. 

Stout, s. a name for very strong beer. 

Stoutly, ad. boldly, lustily, obstinately. 

Stout'ness, s. strength, fortitude, obstinacy. 

Stove, v. to keep warm in a hot-house. 

Stove, s. a hot-house ; a place for a fire. 

Sto'ver, s. fodder for cattle ; straw. 

Stow, v. to lay up orderly and compactly. 

Stow'age, s. a place for stowing goods. 

Strad'dle, v. to walk wide and awkwardly. 

Strag'gle, v. to wander dispersedly. 

Strag'gler, s. he who or that which straggles. 

Straight, a. not crooked, right, direct. 

Straight, ad. directly, immediately. 

Straight'en, v. to make straight. 

Straight'forth, ad. directly, immediately. 

Straight'ly, ad. in a right line. 

Straight'ness, s. state of being straight. 

Strain, v. to stretch to the utmost; to injure 
by stretching, to sprain ; to force through 
a porous substance ; to filtrate, to force, 
to constrain. 

Strain, s. an injury by stretching, a sprain ; 
a note, a song ; style or manner of speak- 
ing; turn, disposition; race. 

Strain'able, a. that may be strained. 

Strain'er, s. an instrument for filtration. 

Strain'ing, s. the act of filtration. 

Strait, a. narrow, close, tight, strict, diffi- 
cult : s. a narrow passage or frith ; a diffi- 
culty, distress. 

Strait'en, v. to make narrow, to make tight, 
to contract ; to put into difficulties. 

Strait'-laoed, a. stiff, rigid. 

Strait'ly, ad. narrowly, strictly. 

Strait'ness, s. narrowness; rigour. 

Strait-waist'coat, s. a tight dress or apparatus 
to confine the limbs of an insane person. 

Stramin'eous, a. strawy, like straw. 

Strand, s. the shore or beach: v. to drive on 
the strand ; to run aground. 

Strand, s. the twist of a rope. 

Strange, a. foreign, unknown, wonderful. 

Stra'ngely, ad. wonderfully, oddly. 

Stra'ngeness, s . state of being strange. 

Stra'nger, s. a foreigner, one unknown. 

Stran"gle, v. to choke, to suppress. 

Stran"gler, s. one who strangles. 

Stran"gles, s. pi. a disease in horses. 

Stran"gling, j. death by stopping the breath- 

Strangula'tion, s. the act of strangling. 

Stran"gury, s. difficulty of urine with pain. 



STR 



28? 



STU 



Strap, 5. a long narrow thong of leather. 

Strap, v. to beat with a strap. 

Strappa'do, s. a mode of punishment. 

Strapping, a. large of person. 

Stra'ta, s. beds or layers of different matters. 

Strat'agem, s. an artifice in war; a trick. 

Strat'cgy, s. military tactics, generalship. 

Strath, s. a Yale, a bottom. 

Stratifica'tion, 5. arrangement of different 
substances in beds or layers. 

Strat'ify, v. to range in beds or layers. 

Stratocracy, s. a military government. 

Stra'tum, [Lat.] s. abed or layer: pi. Strata. 

Straw, s. the stalk on which corn grows. 

Straw'berry, s a plant and its fruit. 

Straw'built, a. made up of straw. 

Straw'color, s. a light yellow color. 

Strav/colored, a. of a light yellow color. 

Straw'y, a. made of straw, like straw. 

Stray, v. to wander, to lose the way. 

Stray, s. an animal lost by straying. 

Stray 'er, s. one who strays ; a wanderer. 

Streak, s. a line of color, a long stripe. 

Streak, v . to stripe, to variegate. 

Streak'y, a. striped, variegated by streaks. 

Stream, s. a running water, a current. 

Stream, v. to flow, to issue continually. 

Stream'er, s. an ensign, a flag, a pennon. 

Stream'let, s. a small stream. 

Stream'y, a. abounding in streams. 

Street, s. a paved way between houses. 

Street'walker, s. a common prostitute. 

Strength, s. force, vigour, power, firmness; 
support ; military force. 

Strengthen, v. to make strong, to confirm. 

Strength'ener, s. that which makes strong. 

Strength/less, a. deprived of strength. 

Stren'uous, a. bold, active, brave, zealous. 

Stren'uously, ad. vigorously, zealously. 

Stren'uousness, s. state of being strenuous. 

Strep'ent, a. making a loud hoarse noise. 

Strep'erous, a noisy, boisterous, hoarse. 

Stress, s. force, importance, weight. 

Stretch, v. to extend or draw out to a 
greater length; to strain: s. extension, 
reach, effort. 

Stretch'er, s. any thing used for stretching. 

Strew, v. to spread scatteringly or loosely. 

Strew'ing, s. the act of scattering. 

Stri'ffi, [Lat.] s. small channels in shells. 

Stri'ate, Stri'ated, a. formed in strise. 

Strick'en, p. smitten; advanced in years. 

Strick'le, s. a board for striking the corn in 
a measure to level it. 

Strict, a. exact, rigorous, severe. 

Strict'ly, ad. exactly, rigorously. 

Strict'ness, s. exactness; rigour. 

Stric'ture, s. a stroke ; a slight touch ; a cri- 
tical censure; a contraction. 

Stride, y. a long step : v. to make long steps; 
to walk with the legs far apart. 

Stri'dor, [Lat.] s. a creaking noise. 

Strid'ulous, a. making a creaking noise. 

Strife, s. contention, contest, discord. 

Stri'feful, a. contentious, discordant. 

Strig'ment, J. scrapings, dross. 

Strike, v . to hit with force, to give a blow 
to; to stamp, to impress; to lower, as a 
flag or a tent ; to conclude a bargain. 
Strike,*, a ceasing from <vork: a bushel. 
Stri'ker, s. a person or thing that strikes. 



Stri'king, p. a. surprising and remarkable. 
Stri'kingly, ad. so as to surprise. 
Stri'kingness, s. quality of being striking. 
String, s. a slender rope, a cord : the chord 

of a musical instrument ; a fibre, a nerve. 
String, v. to furnish with strings; to file on 

a string, to make tense. 
String'ed. a. having strings. 
Strin'gent, a. binding, strict. 
Strbig'-halt, s. a disorder in horses. 
String'iness, s. the quality of being stringy. 
String'less, a. having no strings. 
String'y, a. fibrous, consisting of threads. 
Strip, v. to make naked ; to divest, to rob. 
Strip, s. a narrow shred, a slip. 
Stripe, s. a narrow division or line ; a streak ; 

a discoloration made by a lash; a lash or 

stroke with a whip. 
Stripe, v. to variegate with lines; to lash. 
Striped, a. marked with stripes. 
Stripping, s. a youth, a lad. 
Stripper, s. one that strips. 
Strip'pings, s. pi. the last milk drawn from 

a cow at milking. 
Strive, v. to make efforts, to struggle, to 

oontend, to oppose, to vie. 
Stri'ver, s. one who strives. 
Stri'ving, s. earnest endeavour : a contest. 
Stri'vingly, ad. with earnest efforts. 
Stroke, s. a blow ; any sudden effect : a 

sudden affliction ; a sound, as from a bell 

or clock; touch of a pencil, a masterly 

effort. 
Stroke, v. to rub gently or tenderly with the 

hand; to make smooth. 
Stro'ker, s. one that strokes. 
Stro'kesman, s. the rower who leads or 

regulates the others. 
Stro'king, s. the act of rubbing gently. 
Stroll, s. a wandering on foot, a ramble. 
Stroll, v. to wander on foot, to ramble idly ; 

to gad. 
Stro'ller, s. a vagrant ; an itinerant player. 
Strong, a. firm, robust, vigorous, forcible, 

cogent, powerful. 
Strong'-fisted, a. having a strong hand. 
Strong'-hold, s. a fastness; a fortress. 
Strong'ly, ad. powerfully, vehemently. 
Strong'-set, a. firmly set, compact. 
Stron'tian, s. a kind of earth. 
Strop, s. a leather to sharpen a razor on. 
Stro'phe, [Gr.] (a turning), s. a stanza. 
Strow, v. See Strew. 
Struc'ture, s. act or manner of building ; an 

edifice; form or make. 
Strug'gle, v. to strive, to contend; to writhe 

with difficulty or pain. 
Strug'gler, s. one who struggles. 
Struggling, s. the act of striving. 
Stru'm.i, [Lat.] s. a glandular swelling. 
Stru'mous, a. having swellings in the glands; 

relating to the king's evil. 
Strum'pet. s. a prostitute, a harlot ; a. like 

a strumpet ; false, inconstant. 
Strut, s. an affectation of stateliness in walk- 
ing, a pompous gait. 
Strut, v. to walk with affected dignity, to 

swell, to protuberatc. 
Strut'ter, 5. one who struts. 
Stub, s. the stump of a tree ; a log or block. 
Stub, v. to root or force up. 



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Stub'bed, a. truncated; short and thick. 
Stub'bedness, s. state of being stubbed. 
Stub'ble, s. stalks of corn after reaping. 

Stub'ble-rake, s. a rake with long teeth. 
Stub'born, a. obstinate, headstrong: stiff. 

Stub'bornly, ad. obstinately, inflexibly. 

Stub'bornness, s. obstinacy; stiffness. 

Stub'by, a. full of stubs ; short and thick. 

Stub'nail, s. a nail broken off. 

Stuc'co, s. a fine plaster for walls. 

Stuc'co, v. to plaster walls with stucco. 

Stud, s. a stock or set of horses. 

Stud, v. to adorn with studs or knobs. 

Stud, s. a post or stake ; a nail with a large 
head ; a knob, a button. 

Stud'ding-sail, s. a sail set beyond the others. 

Stu'dent, s. a scholar, a bookish man. 

Stud'ied, a. learned ; premeditated. 

Stud'ier, s. one who studies. 

Stu'dio, s. an artist's study. 

Stu'dious, a. given to study, diligent. 

Stu'diously, ad. diligently, carefully. 

Stu'diousness, s. devotedness to study. 

Stud'y, s. application of the mind to books 
and learning; a particular branch of learn- 
ing ; deep thought ; a room for study ; the 
sketched ideas of a painter. 

Stud'y, v. to apply the mind to books; to 
think deeply ; to endeavour diligently. 

Stuff, s. a mass of matter, any mass of mat- 
ter; the material of which any thing is 
made; cloth of slight texture ; in contempt, 
something worthless. 

Stuff, v. to fill with stuff; to fill very full; 
to feed gluttonously. 

Stuffing, s. that by which anything is filled ; 
relishing ingredients put into meat. 

Stultil'oquence, Stultil'oquy, s. foolish talk. 

Stul'tify, v. to make foolish. 

Stum, s. new wine used to raise fermenta- 
tion in vapid wines, must. 

Stum, v. to ferment wine anew. 

Stum'ble, s. a trip in walking; a blunder. 

Stum'ble, v. to trip in walking, to err, to 
slip ; to strike against by chance. 

Stum'bler, 5. one that stumbles or mistakes. 

Stum'bling-block, J. cause of stumbling. 

Stum'blingly, ad. in a stumbling manner. 

Stump, s. the part of any solid body remain- 
ing after the rest is taken away. 

Stump, v. to walk about heavily ; to lop. 

Stump' y, a. full of stumps ; short, stubby. 

Stun, v. to render stupid or senseless by a 
noise or blow ; to confound. 

Stunt, v. to hinder from growth. 

Stunt'ed, a. dwarfish, small. 

Stupe, s. medicated flax for a sore. 

Stupe, v. to foment or dress with stupes. 

Stupefac'tion, s. act of rendering stupid ; 
state of being stupid; torpor. 

Stupefac'tive, a. causing insensibility. 

Stupen'dous, a. prodigious, wonderful. 

Stupendously, ad. in a wonderful manner. 

Stupen'dousness, $. wonderfulness. 

Stu'pid. a. dull, heavy, sluggish. 

Stupid'ly, s. heaviness of mind, dulness. 

Stu'pidity, ad. dully, heavily. 

Stu'pidness, s. dulness, stupidity. 

Stu'pifier, 5. that which causes stupidity. 

Stu'pify, v. to make stupid; to benumb. 

Stu'por, S. a susjjension of sensibility. 



Stu'prate. v. to violate, to ravish. 

Stupra'tion, s. rape, violation. 

Stur'dily, ad. stoutly ; resolutely. 

Stur'diness, s. quality of being sturdy. 

Stur'dy, a. hardy, stout, strong, obstinate. 

Stur'geon, s. the name of a large fish. 

Sturk, s. a young ox or heifer. 

Stut'ter, v. to stammer, to speak badly. 

Stut'terer, s. one that stutters. 

Stut'teringly, ad. stammeringly. 

Sty, s. a hovel for hogs; a filthy place or 
abode : v. to shut up in a sty. 

Sty, s. a small ulcer or inflamed tumor on 
the margin of the eye-lid. 

Sty"gian, a. hellish, infernal. 

Style, s. a sharp-pointed instrument with 
which the ancients wrote ; manner of writ- 
ing or speaking : mode or manner in any 
department of art; mode of reckoning 
time ; a graver ; the pin of a dial ; the pis- 
til of a flower. 

Style, v. to call, to term, to name. 

Styp'tic, a. astringent; able to stop blood. 

Styp'tic, s. an astringent medicine or lotion. 

Stypti"city, s. quality of stanching blood. 

Su'able, a. that may be sued. 

Sua'sion, s. the act of persuading. 

Sua'sive, a. having power to persuade. 

Sua'siveness, s. the power of persuading. 

Sua'sory, a. tending to persuade. 

Suav'ity, s. sweetness, pleasantness. 

Suba"cid, a. sour in a small degree. 

Subac'rid, a. acrid in a small degree. 

Subac'tion, s. the act of reducing. 

Su'bah, s. (in India), a province. 

Su'bahdar, s. the governor of a province. 

Sub'altern, s. subordinate, inferior. 

Sub'altern, s. a subordinate officer or judge; 

Subalter'nate, a. succeeding by turns ; sub- 
ordinate : s. a term in logic. 

Subalterna'tion, s. act of succeeding by turns ; 
state of inferiority ; a term in logic. 

Suba'queous, a. lying under water. 

Subastrin'gent, a. slightly astringent. 

Sub'-beadle, s. an under beadle. 

Subceles'tial, a. beneath the heavens 

Sub-chan'ter, s. an under precentor. 

Subcla'vian, a. lying under the clavicle. 

Sub-commit'tee, s. a subordinate committee. 

Sub-con'tract, s. one contract under another. 

Subcuta'neous, a. lying under the skin. 

Subcuticular, a. under the scarf skin. 

Subdea'con, s. an under deacon. 

Subdea'conry, Subdeacon'ship, s. the order 
and office of a subdeacon. 

Sub'dean, s. the deputy of a dean. 

Subdean'ery, s. the office of a subdean. 

Subdiver'sify, v. to diversify over again. 

Subdivi'de, v. to divide again. 

Subdivis'ion, s. the act of subdividing. 

Sub'dolous, a. cunning, artful, sly. 

Subdom'inant, s. a term in music. 

Subdu'able, a. that maybe subdued. 

Subdu'al, s. the act of subduing. 

Subdu'ee, Subduct', v. to withdraw, to take 
away, to subtract. 

Subduc'tion, s. the act of subducting. 

Subdue', v. to conquer, to bring under, to 
tame, to mollify. 

Subdu'er, s. one who subdues. 

Sub'duple, Subdu'plicate, a. half, one of two. 



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289 



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Su'bcric, a. pertaining to cork. 

Su'berous, a. corky ; soft and elastic. 

Sub'fusk, a. duskish; moderately dark. 

Bnbglob'nlar, a. in some degree globular. 

Subindica'tion, s. tbe act of indicating or 
making known by signs only. 

SnbingresSion, s. secret entrance. 

Subita'neous, a. sudden, hasty. 

Subja'cent, a. lying under. 

Subject', v. to cast or put under; to reduce 
to submission, to eiislave, to expose. 

Sub'ject, a. placed under; liable, exposed. 

Subject, x. or,e who is under the dominion 
of another ; the matter treated of; that on 
which any operation is performed ; a term 
in logic. 

Subjec'tion, s. tbe act of subduing ; the state 
of being subjected or subdued. 

Subjec'tivt, a. relating to' the subject. 

Subjectively, ad. in relation to the subject. 

Subjoin', v. to add at the end or after. 

Subjugate, v. to conquer, to subdue. 

Subjugation, s. tbe act of subduing. 

Subjunc'tion, s. the act of subjoining. 

Subjunc'tivo. a. subjoined to something else; 
expressing condition or contingency. 

Sublapsa'rian, s. a theological term. 

Sublap'sary, a. done after the fall of man. 

Subla'tion, s. the act of taking away. 

Sub-libra'rian, s. an under librarian. 

Sub-liouten'ant, s. an under lieutenant. 

Subli'mablo, a. that may be sublimed. 

Sub'limate. v. to exalt ; to refine; to bring 
a solid substance into a state of vapour by 
heat, and condense it again by cold. 

Sub'lunate, a. brought into a state of sub- 
limation : s. a substance sublimated. 

Sub'limation, s. the act of sublimating. 

Sub'lime, a. high in place or style ; high in 
excellence; lofty, grand: s. the grand in 
nature or thought ; a grand or lofty style. 

Subli'me, v. to exalt; to sublimate. 

Sub'liincly, ad. in a lofty manner, gTandly. 

Sublim'ity, Subli'meness, s. state or quality 
of being sublime. 

Sublin'gual. a. placed under tbe tongue. 

Sublu'nar. Sublunary, a. under the moon; 
terrestrial, earthly, worldly. 

Subluxation, s. a violent sprain. 

Submarine, a. lying or acting under the sea. 

Submaxillary, a. under the jaw-bone. 

Snbme'diant, s. a term in music. 

Submcr'ge, v. to put under water. 

Submcr'se, v. to put under water. 

Submer'sion, s. tbe act of submerging. 

Submin'istcr, v. to supply, to subserve. 

Sutomin'istrant, s. subservient. 

Subministra'tion, a. the act of supplying. 

Submiss', a. humble ; obsequious. 

Submission, s. the act of submitting ; obe- 
dience; resignation. 

Submissive, a. yielding, obedient, humble. 

Submissively, ad. humbly, obediently. 

Submis'siveness, v. tho state or quality of 
being submissive. 

Submiss'ly, ad. humbly; with submission. 

Submiss'ness, s. humility; obedience. 

Submit', v. to yield, to surrender; to let 
down ; to leave to discretion. 

Submitter, s. one who submits. 

Subnas'cent, a. growing underneath. 



Subobscu'rely, ad. somewhat darkly. 

Suboc'tave, Suboc'tuple, a. one part of eight. 

Suboc'ular, a. being under the eye. 

Suborbic'ular, a. nearly circular. 

Subordinacy, Subor'dinancy, s. the state of 
being subordinate. 

Subordinate, s. an inferior person. 

Subordinate, v. to make subordinate. 

Subordinate, a. inferior in order, subject. 

Subor'dinate!y, ad. in a series regularly de- 
scending; in an inferior degree. 

Subordination, s. inferiority, subjection. 

Suborn', v. to prepare or instruct underhand 
or secretly ; to induce to take a false oath. 

Suborna'tion, s. tbe act of suborning. 

Suborn'er, s. one that suborns. 

Subpce'na, [Lat.] s. a writ commanding at 
tendance in a court under a penalty. 

Subpce'na, v. to serve with a subpoena. 

Subpri'or, s. an under prior. 

Subquad'rate, a. nearly square. 

Subquad'ruple, a. containing a fourth part. 

Subquin'tuple, a. containing a fifth part. 

Subrec'ror, s. the rector's deputy. 

Subvep'tion, s. the act of obtaining by sur- 
prise or unfair means. 

Subrepti"tious, a. See Surreptitious. 

Sub'rogate, v. See Surrogate. 

Subsali'ne, a. in some degree salt. 

Sub'salt, s. a salt with little acid. 

Subscribe, v. to sign, to attest, to consent to; 
to promise to give by writing one's name. 

Subscriber, s. one who subscribes. 

Subscription, s. any thing underwritten ; 
attestation or consent by underwriting the 
name; money subscribed ; the act of sub- 
scribing for any purpose. 

Subsec'tion, s. a section of a section. 

Sub'sequence, s. state of being subsequent. 

Sub'sequent, a. following, not preceding. 

Subsequently, ad. at a later time. 

Subser've, v. to serve subordinately. 

Subser'viency, Subser'vience,s instrumental 
fitness or use; obsequiousness. 

Subser'vient, a. instrumental; obsequious. 

Subser'viently, ad. in a subservient manner. 

Subsi'de, v. to sink or tend downwards. 

Subsidence, Subsi'dency, s. tho act of sink- 
ing ; tendency downward. 

Subsidiary, a. aiding, assisting, furnishing 
supplies: s. an assistant. 

Subsidize, v. to furnish with a subsidy. 

Sub'sidy, s. aid in money; a sum paid by 
one state to another for service. 

Subsi'gn, v. to sign under. 

Subsigna'tion, s. the act of signing under. 

SubSist, v. to inhere; to have existence in ; 
to have the means of living; to feed, to 
maintain. 

Subsist'ence,*. real being; means of support. 

Subsist'cnt, a. having real being ; inherent. 

Sub'soil. s. the strata beneath the surface. 

Subspe'cies, s. a division of a species. 

Sub'stance, s. something existing ; essential 
part ; something real ; body ; wealth. 

Substan'tial, a. real, solid, corporeal, strong. 

Substantial'ity, s. materiality, corporeity. 

Substan'tialize, v. to reduce to reality. 

Substantially, ad. strongly, solidly, truly. 

Substan'tialness. s. state of being substantial. 

Substantiate, s. pi. essential parts. 



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Substantiate, v. to establish by proof. 

Sub'stantive, a. having existence ; solid: s. 
the name of something which exists. 

Substantively, ad. in substance; in gram- 
mar, as a substantive. 

Substitute, v. to put in the place of another: 
s. one acting for another. 

Substitu'tion, s. the act of substituting. 

Substra'tum, s. a layer under another. 

Substruction, s. a building under. 

substructure, s. an under structure, a foun- 
dation. 

Sub'style, s. the line in dialling on which 
the gnomon stands. 

Sub'sultory, a. leaping; moving by starts. 

Sub'sultorily, ad. in a leaping manner. 

Subtend', v. to extend under. 

Subten'se, .?. the chord of an arc. 

Subtep'id, a. moderately warm. 

Subter'rtuent, Subter'ftuous, rt. flowing under. 

Sub'terfuge, s. an evasion, a shift, a trick. 

Sub'terrane, s. a cave or room underground. 

Subterra'nean, Subterra'neous, a. lying or 
being underground. 

Sub'tile, a. thm, rare, fine, acute. 

Sub'tilely, ad. in a subtile manner. 

Sub'tiloness, s. fineness, rareness. 

Sub'tilty, s. thinness, rareness; cunning. 

Subtil'ity. j. subtleness. 

Subtil iza'tion, y. the making any thing so 
volatile as to evaporate ; refinement. 

Sub'tilize, v. to make thin, to refine. 

Sub'tle, a. slv. artful, cunning. 

Subt'ly, ad. slily. artfully. 

Subtract', v. to take away part. 

Subtracter, s. he, or that which subtracts. 

Subtrac'tion, *. the act of subtracting. 

Subtrae'tive, a. having power to subtract. 

Sub'trahend, s. the number to be subtracted. 

Sub'triple, a. containing a tiiird. 

Subtu'tor, s. a subordinate tutor. 

Subur'ban, Subu/bian, a. inhabiting or be- 
ing in the suburbs. 

Sub'urbed, a. bordering on a suburb. 

Sub'urbs, s. buildings without the walls of 
a city ; the outlets. 

Subvari'otv, s. a division of a variety. 

Subvention. ,v. coming under; support. 

Subver'se, v. to subvert, to overthrow. 

Subversion, s. overthrow, destruction. 

Subversive, a. tending to destroy. 

Subvert', v. to overthrow, to destroy, to ruin. 

Subvert'er, s. an ovcrthrower, a destroyer. 

Succeda'neous, a. in the room of another. 

Succoda'neum, .$. that which is used for 
something else ; a substitute. 

Succeed', v. to follow in order; to come after; 
to come to a desired effect ; to prosper. 

Sueceed'cr. s. one who comes after. 

Success', .?. happy issue of any affair. 

Successful, a. prosperous, fortunate. 

Successfully, ad. prosperously, luckily. 

Success'fulness, s. state of being successful. 

Succession, .v. the act of succeeding; a fol- 
lowing of persons or tilings in order; lin- 
eage: right; inheritance. 

Sue • ■■ss'ive. «. following in order. 

Sueooss'ively, ad. in uninterrupted order. 

Successiveness, s. the being successive. 

Suceess'less, '/. unlucky, unfortunate. 

Successor, s. one wiio succeeds to the place 
or office of another. 



Succinct', a. girded up ; short, concise. 

Succinct'! y, ad briefly, concisely. 

Succinctness, s. brevity, conciseness. 

Succin'ic, Suc'cinous, a. pertaining to, or 
drawn from amber. 

Suc'cory, s. a plant, wild endive. 

Suc'cour, v. to assist in distress, to relieve. 

Suc'cour, s. aid, assistance, relief. 

Suc'courer, s. one who succours. 

Suc'courless, a. without friends or help. 

Suc'culence, Suc'culency, s. juiciness. 

Suc'culent, a. juicy, moist, full of juice. 

Succumb', v. to sink under difficulty j to 
yield or submit to. 

Succussa'tfn. s. a shaking - , a trot. 

Succus'sion. s. the act of shaking. 

Such, a. of that er the like kind. 

Suck, s. milk given by females; juice, 

Suck. v. to draw milk from the breast; to 
draw in with the mouth; to imbibe; to 
draw or drain. 

Suck'er, s. any thing that sucks or draws 
moisture ; a young twig or shoot ; part of 
a pump ; a pipe used in sucking. 

Suck'et, s. a dissolving sweetmeat. 

Suc'kle, v. to nurse at the breast. 

Suck'ling. s. a sucking child, lamb, &c. 

Sue'tion. s. the act of sucking up. 

Suda'tion, s. the act of sweating. 

Su'datory, a. sweating: s. a sweating-bath. 

Sud'den, a. quick, hasty ; unforeseen, rash. 

Sud'den, s. any unexpected occurrence. 

Sud'denly, ad. hastily: unexpectedly. 

Sud'denness, * state of being sudden. 

Sudorific, a. provoking or causing sweat.. 

Sudorific, s. a medicine promoting sweat. 

Su'dorous, a. consisting of sweat. 

Suds, s. a lixivium or lye of soap and water. 

Sue, v. to follow or prosecute by law ; to fol- 
low for some purpose; to beg or entreat. 

Su'et. s. hard fat about the kidneys, 
i Su'ety, a. consisting of or like suet. 
( Suffer, v. to bear, to undergo, to endure : to 
bear or feel pain; to be injured; to per- 
mit or allow. 

Sufferable, a. endurable, tolerable. 

Suf'ferably, ad. so as to be endured. 

Sufferance,*, endurance; permission. 

Suffer* r. s. one who endures or suffers. 

Suffering, s. pain suffered ; distress. 

Sulii'ee, v. to bo enough or sufficient. 

Sufti"ciency, s. state of being sufficient ; sup- 
ply equal to want: competency. 

Su!ti"cient, a. equal to what is required; 
enough ; competent. 

Sufficiently, ad. to a sufficient degree. 

Suffix, s. a letter or syllable added to ano- 
ther word. 

Suffix', v . to add to a word. 

Suffia'tion, .?. act of blowing or puffing up. 

Suffocate, v. to choke, to smother. 

Suffoca'tion, s. the act of choking. 

Suffocative, a. having power to choke. 

Suffos'sion, s. the act of digging under. 

Suffragan, s. a term applied to a bishop, as 
subject to his metropolitan, (properly, aD 
assistant bishop.) 

Suffragant, a. assisting: s. an assistant. 

Suffragatc, v. to vote or agree with. 

Suffrage, s. a vote ; support, aid. 

Suffra"ginous, a. belonging er pertaining to 
the knee-joint of a buasl. 



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SuftVmigat.e, ». a term in medicine. 

Sufrumiga'tion, s. act of suffum igating. 

Suffu'mige, s. a medical fume. 

SufTu'so, v. to spread Over. 

Suffu'sion, s. the act of suffusing; that which 
is suffused ; a dimness. 

Sug. j. small kind of worm. 

Su"gar, s. a sweet substance, obtained chiefly 
from a species of cane : v. to impregnate or 
sweeten with sugar. 

Sugar-ean'd y, s. sugar crystallized. 

Su"gar-cane. s. the plant from which sugar 
is expressed or obtained. 

Su"gar-housc, s. a house or place where sugar 
is refined. 

Su"gar-loaf, s. a conical mass of white or 
refined sugar. 

Su"gar-mill, .?. a machine for pressing the 
juice from the sugar-cane. 

Su"gar-pJuin, s. a kind of sweatmeat. 

Su"gary, a. sweet, tasting of sugar. 

Suges'cent, a. relating to sucking. 

Suggest', v. to hint, to prompt, to insinuate, 
to inform secretly. 

Suggestion, s. a hint or intimation, a pro- 
posal <>r recommendation. 

Sugges'tive, a. containing a hint. 

Su"ggilate, v. to heat black and blue. 

Su'icidal, a. of the nature of suicide. 

Su'icide, s. self-murder; a self-murderer. 

Suit, s. suing: an action or process at law ; 
a petition, an entreaty; courtship; a sot 
or number of things corresponding to each 
other, as a suit of clothes. See Suite. 

Suit. v. to fit, to adapt to ; to agree. 

Suit'ahle, a. fitting, becoming, proper. 

Suitableness, s. fitness; agreeableness. 

Suitability, .?. quality of being suitable. 

Suitably, ad. in a suitable manner. 

Suite, [Fr.] s. a regular set, retinue, train. 

Suit'or, s. a petitioner; a wooer. 

Suit'ress, s. a female petitioner. 

oul'cated, a. furrowed. 

Sulk, v. to be silently sullen. 

Sulk'ily, ad. morosely, sullenly. 

Snlk'iness, s. state of silent suilenness. 

Sulk'y, a. silently sullen : morose. 

Sullen, a. gloomy, dark, dismal ; obstinate. 

Sul'lenly, ad. in a sullen manner. 

Sul'leiniess, s. gloominess, morosoness. 

Sul'liagc, s. pollution, tilth, foulness. 

Sul'ly, v. to soil, to tarnish, to spot. 

Sul'phur, s. an inflammable mineral sub- 
stance of a pale yellow color; brimstone. 

Sul'phuratc, a. belonging to sulphur. 

Sulpliuia'rion, s the act of dressing or anoint- 
ing with sulphur. 

Sulphu'roous. Sui'phurous, a. consisting of, 
or impregnated with sulphur. 

Sul'phuietod, a. holding sulphur in solution. 

Sul'phury, a. partaking of sulphur. 
i Sul'tan, s. the Turkish emperor. 

Sulta'na. Sul'taness, 5. the queen of a sultan. 

Sul'tanry, s. the empire of a sultan. 

Sul'triuess, s. the state of being sultry. 

Sul'try, a. hot and close, hot and cloudy. 

Sum,*, the whole of any thing; the amount 
ot several numbers added together; a cer- 
tain quantity of money ;hoight, completion. 

Sum, v. to collect into a total; to add toge- 
ther, to compute. 



Su'mach. s. a tree : a powder obtained irom 
it, used in dyeing. 

Sum'less, a. not to be computed. 

Sum'marily. ad. briefly, in the shortest way. 

Sum'mary, a. containing the sum ; compen- 
dious; short, brief: s. a compendium. 

Sum'mer, s. one who casts up accounts. 

Sum'mer, s. one of trie four seasons. 

Sum'mer, v. to pass the summer. 

Sum'mer-houso, .v. a pleasure-house or arbour 
in a garden, used in the summer. 

Sum'merset. See Somersault. 

Sum'mit, s. the top ; the utmost height. 

Sum'mon, v. to call with authority, cite. 
i Sum'moner, s. one who summons or cites. 
I Sum'mons, s. a call of authority, a citation. 

Sump'ter, s. a pack-horse, a baggage horse. 
I Sump'tion, s. the act of Taking. 
1 Sump'tuary, a. of or pertaining to expenses 

regulating the cost of living. 
! Sumptuos'ity, s. expensiveness, costliness. 

Sump'tuous, a. costly, expensive, splendid. 
I Sump'tuously. ad. expensively, splendidly. 
| Sump'tuousness. 5. expensiveness, splendour. 

Sun, s. the luminary of day. 
i Sun, v. to expose to or warm in the sun. 

Sun'-beam, s. a ray of the sun. 

Sun'-beat, a. struck by the sun's rays. 

Sim'-bright, a. like the sun in brightness. 

Sun'burning, s. a burning of the skiu by the 
sun's rays. 

Sun'burnt, a. tanned by the sun. 

Sun'clad, a. clothed in radiance; bright 
i Sun'day, s. the Christian Sabbath. 

Sun'der, ad. in two or twain. 

Sun'dcr, v. to divide or part asunder. 

Sun'dial, *. a marked plate on which tno 
shadow points the hour. 

Sun'down, ,v. sunset, close of the day. 
j Sun'dried, ;;. and a. dried by the sun. 
! Sun'dries, s. pi. several things. 

Sun'dry, a. several, more; than one 

Sun'fish, s. the name of a fish. 

Sun'flower, s. a large yellow flower. 

Sun'less. a. wanting sun, wanting warmth. 

Sun'iight, s. the light of the sun. 

Sun'l ike, a. resembling the sun. 

Sun'ny, a. bright, exposed to the sun. 

Sun'proof, a. secured against or impervious 
to the rays of the sun. 

Sun'rise, Sun'rising, s. the beginning of 
morning; the east. 

Sun'set, s. the close of the day, evening. 
, Sun'shine, s. the radiant light of the sun. 

*- in'shiny, a. bright with or like the sun. 
I Sop, v. to drink by f>H)*ts; to eat supper. 
j Sup, ,?. a mouthful ot liquor. 
I Su'perable, a. that, may be overcome. 

Su'jyerableness, S. quality of being superable. 

Su'perably, ad. so as to be overcome. 

Superabou'nd. v. to be very abundant. 

Snperabun'dance, s. more than enough. 

Superabundant, a. being more than enough. 

Superabundantly, ad. too abundantly. 

Superadd', v. to'add over and above. 

Superadd i'tion, s. the act of superadding* 
that which is superadded. 

Superannuate, v. to discharge or disqualify 
on account of age. 

Superannuated, a. disqualified by age, dis- 
charged on account of age. 

Of: 



SUP 



292 



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Superannuation, s. the state of being dis- 
qualified by age. 

Superb', a. grand, pompous, stately. 

Superb'] y, ad. in a superb manner. 

Super-car'go, s. an offiocr in a merchantman 
who has charge of the cargo. 

Super-col espial; a. above the firmament. 

Supercil'iary, a. above the eye-brow. 

Supercilious, a. proud, haughty. 

Superciliously, ad. haughtily. 

Supereil'iousness, s. haughtiness. 

Supercres'cenee, s. a growth on a growth. 

Superores'cent, a. growing on some other 
growing thing. 

Super-em'inence, Superemlnency, s. an un- 
common degree of eminence. 

Super-em'inent, a. greatly em-inent. 

Super-em'inently, ad. very eminently. 

Superer'ogat.e, v. to do more than duty de- 
mands or requires. 

Supereroga'tion, s. performance of more than 
duty requires. 

Superer'ogatory, Super'erogative, Superer'o- 
gant, a. performed beyond what strict duty 
requires. 

Super-exalt', v. to exalt very greatly. 

Super-exalta'tion, s. very great exaltation. 

Super-ex'cellence, s. superior excellence. 

Supcr-cx'cellent, a. uncommonly excellent. 

Super-excres'cence, s. something superflu- 
ously growing. 

Superficial, a. lying on the surface; com- 
posing the surface; shallow, slight. 

Superficiality, s. quality of being superficial. 

Supcrfi"cially, ad. on the surface ; slightly. 

Supcrfi"ci ilness, s. shallowness. 

Superfi"cies, s> the surface or outside. 

Superfi'ne, a. eminently fine. 

Supertlu'itant, a. floating above. 

Superfluity, 5. more than enough, excess. 

Super'fluous, a. too abundant; unnecessary. 

Super'fluously, ad. with excess. 

Super'fiuousness, #■„ being superfluous. 

Su'perflux, r. superfluity. 

Superfolia'tion, s. excess of foliation. 

Superhu'man, a. above the power of man. 

Super- incum'bent, a. lyingon something else. 

Super-indu'ce, v. to bring in as an addition. 

Super-induc'tion, s. the act of superinducing. 

Super-inspect', v. to overlook. 

Superintend', v. to oversee ; to manage. 

Superintcnd'ence, Superintend'ency, s. the 
act of overseeing with authority. 

Superintcnd'ent, a. overlooking others. 

Superintendent, s. one who superintends. 

Supe'rior, a. higher, greater, preferable. 

Supe'rior, s. one who is above another. 

Superiority, 5". state of being superior. 

Superlative, a. implying the highest degree. 

Superlatively, ad. in the highest degree. 

Super'lativeness, s. the being superlative. 

Super! u'nar, Superlu'nary, a. above the 
moon ; not of this world. 

Super'nal, a. relating to things above. 

Supcrna'tant, a. floating on the surface. 

Supernata'tion, s. a swimming on the surface. 

Supernat'ural, a. beyond nature ; miraculous. 

Supernatural ly, ad. miraculously. 

Supernumerary, a. beyond the usual num- 
ber: s. one beyond the usual number. 

Siiperpropor'tion, s. overplus of proportion. 



Superpurga'tion, s. excess of purgation 

Super- refleo'tion, s. the reflection of an i 
reflected before. 

Super-roy'al, a. larger than royal. 

Supersalioncy, s. a leaping upon. 

Supersa'lient. a. leaping upon. 

Supersat'urate, v. to saturate to excess. 

Superseri'be, v. to write on the top or outsidfr 

Superserip'tion, s. a writing on the outside. 

Superseo'ulaf, a. above secular things. 

Snperse'de, v. to make void; to set aside. 

Supersedeas, [Lat.] s. a writ for staying oi 
setting aside legal proceedings. 

Superse'dure, s. the act of superseding. 

Superstition, s. religious belief or practice 
net sanctioned by the Scriptures ; false re- 
ligion ; an excess of scruples. 

Supersti"tious, a. addicted to superstition. 

Supersti"tious!y, ad. in a superstitious man- 
ner ; with too much scruple. 

Superstrain', v. to overstrain. 

Superstruet', v. to build upon any thing. 

Supcrstruc'tion, s. an edifice raised or built 
upon something else. 

Superstruc'tive, a. built on something else. 

Superstructure, s. that which is built upon 
something else; an edifice. 

Supervaca'neous, a. superfluous, needless. 

Supervaea'neously, ad. needlessly. 

Supervaca'neousness, s. Heedlessness. 

Superve'ne, v. to come upon unexpectedly. 

Supervo'nient, a. added, additional. 

Superven'tion, s. a coming on a sudden. 

Supervise, v. to overlook, to oversee. 

Supervision, s. the act of supervising. 

Supervisor, s. an overseer, an inspector. 

Supcrvi've, v. to overlive, to outlive. 

Supination, s. the state of being supine. 

Supina'tor, s. a muscle of the hand. 

Supi'ne, a. lying with the face upwards ; in- 
ert, indolent, careless. 

Su'pine, s. a verbal noun in grammar. 

Supi'nely, ad. with the face up ; inertly. 

Supi'nenoss, s. state of being supine. 

Suppeda'neous, a. placed under the feet. 

Sup'per, s. the evening meal. 

Snp'perless, a. not having a supper. 

Supplant', v. to trip up the heels ; to dis- 
place by stratagem. 

Supplant'er, s. one who supplants. 

Supplanting, s. the act of displacing. 

Sup'plc, a. i>liant, yielding; cringing. 

Sup'plc, v. to make pliant or soft. 

Sup'plement, s. an addition to fill up or 
supply defects. 

Supplemcn'tal, Supplementary, a. addi- 
tional ; added to supply what is wanting. 

Sup'pleness, s. pliantness, flexibility. 

Sup'pletory, a. supplying deficiencies : s. that 
which supplies deficiencies. 

Sup'pliant, a. submissive; entreating. 

Sup'pliant, *. an humble petitioner. 

Sup'pliantly, ad. in a suppliant manner. 

Sup'plicant, a. suppliant: s. one who en- 
treats with great submissiveness. 

Sup'plicate, v. to implore, to entreat. 

Supplica'tion, s: an humble petition. 

Sup'plicatory, a. containing supplication. 

Suppli'er, s. one who supplies. 

Supplies', s. pi. money granted by Parli; 
ment to defray the public expenditure, 






■i 



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293 



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Supply', v. to fill up as being deficient or 
vacant ; to afford ; to furnish ; to serve in- 
stead of; to relieve. 

Supply'. s. a sufficiency of things for want. 

Support', v. to uphold, to bear, or endure, 
to sustain, to maintain: s. a prop, main- 
tenance, subsistence. 

Support'able, a. that may be supported. 

Support'afeleness, s. the being supportable. 

Support'er, s. one that supports ; a prop. 

Support'ers, s. pi. in heraldry, figures hold- 
ing up an escutcheon. 

Suppo'sable, a. that may be supposed. 

Suppo'sal, s. position without proof. 

Suppo'se, v. to lay down without proof; to 
admit without proof; to imagine. 

Suppo'ser, s. one that supposes. 

Supposition, s. the act of supposing ; some- 
thing supposed ; a hypothesis. 

Suppositional, a. hypothetical. 

Suppos'itive, a. implying a supposition: s. 
a word denoting supposition. 

Supposititious, «. put fraudulently in the 
place of another, not genuine, counterfeit. 

Suppositf'tiously, ad. in a supposititious 
manner. 

Suppositi"tiousnes9, s. spuriousness. 

Suppos'itively, ad. upon supposition. 

Suppos'itovy, s. a kind of solid clyster. 

Suppress', v. to crush, to subdue, to conceal. 

Suppres'sor, s. one that suppresses. 

Suppression, s. the act of suppressing. 

Suppressive, a. tending to suppress. 

Sup'purate, v. to generate pus or matter; 
to grew to pus. 

Suppura'tion, s. the process of suppurating ; 
the pus or matter generated. 

Suppurative, a. tending to promote suppu- 
ration : s. a suppurating medicine. 

Supputa'tion, s. a reckoning, calculation. 

Supralapsa'rian, a. antecedent to the fall ot 
man : s. one who maintains the Supralap- 
sarian doctrine. 

Supramun'dane, a. being above the world. 

Suprem'acy, S. supreme or highest authority. 

Supre'me, a. highest in dignity or authority, 
sovereign, most excellent. 

Supre'me I y, ad. in the highest degree. 

Su'ral, a. pertaining to the calf of the leg. 

Sur'base.s.aborderormouldingabovethebase. 

Surba'te, s. to bruise the feet by travel. 

Surcea'se, s. cessation, stop. 

Surcea'se. v. to stop, to cease, to leave off. 

Sur'charge, s. an overload ; an overcharge. 

Surcharge, v. to overburden ; to overcharge. 

Surchar'ger, s. one who surcharges. 

Sur'einirle, s. a girth, a girdle of a cassock. 

Sur'cinglcd, a. girt, girdled. 

Sur'cle, s. a shoot, a sucker. 

Sur'coat, s. a short over coat. 

Sur'culatc, s. to eut off suckers, to prune. 

Surcula'tion, v. the act of pruning. 

Surd, a. deaf, unheard ; not expressible. 

Surd, s. an algebraic quantity, of which the 
root cannot be expressed in numbers. 

Sure, a. certain, confident; safe; firm. 

Sure, Su'rely, ad. certainly, undoubtedly. 

Sure foot'ed, a. treading firmly. 

Su'retiship, s. state or office of being surety. 

Su'rety, s. certainty, security against loss or 
6»max'-' ; owe bound for another; a hostage. 



Surf, s. the swell or dashing of the sea that 
boats against rocks or the shore. 

Sur'faee, s. the superficies, the outside. 

Sur'feit, v. to make sick with over feeding ; 
to disgust ; *. sickness from excess in eat- 
ing; satiety with sickness. 

Sur'feiter. s. one who riots; a glutton. 

Sur'feiting, s. the act of feeding with meat 
or drink to satiety and sickness. 

Sur'feit-water, s. water for curing surfeits. 

Surge, s. a large wave, a billow. 

Surge, v. to swell as waves, to rise high. 

Sur'gelcss, a. not rising in surges, calm. 

Sur'geon, s. a chirurgeon or one who cures 
by manual operation. 

Sur'gery, s. curing by manual operation ; a 
place or room for surgical operations. 

Sur'gical, a. pertaining to surgery. 

Sur'gy, a. rising in billows ; swelling. 

Surlily, ad. in a surly manner. 

Sur'liness, s. crabbedness. moroseness. 

Sur'ly, a. morose, rough, uncivil, sour. 

Surmi'se, s. an imperfect notion ; a sus- 
picion : v. to imagine ; to suspect. 

Surmi'ser, s. one Who surmises. 

Surmount', v. to surpass; to overcome. 

Surmount'able, a. that may be overcome. 

Sur'name, s. an additional name, a family 
name : v. to call by a surname. 

Surpass' r w. to excel, to exceed, to go beyond. 

Surpass'able, a. that may be excelled. 

Surpassing, a. excellent, in a high degree. 

Surpass'ingly, ad. very excellently. 

Sur'plice, s. a clergyman's white garment. 

Sur'pliced, a. wearing a surplice. 

Sur'pl ice-fees, s. certain clerical fees. 

Sur'plus, s. an overplus, a remainder. 

Sur'plusage, s. surplus, what remains. 

Surpri'sal, s. the act of surprising. 

Surpri'se, v. to come upon unawares; to as- 
tonish : to confuse: s. the act of surprising ; 
astonishment. 

Surprising, a. wonderful, astonishing. 

Surpri'singly, ad. to a wonderful degree. 

Surren'der, v. to yield, to deliver up. 

Surren'der, s. the act of yielding or resigning. 

Surrep'tion, s. a creeping or coming upon 
unperceived; the act of obtaining by 
stealth or fraud. 

Surrepti'tious, a. done by stealth or fraud. 

Surreptitiously, ad. fraudulently. 

Sur'rogate, 5. a deputy, a delegate. 

Surround', v. to encompass completely. 

Surtou't, [Fr.] s. an upper coat, a great coat. 

Surve'ne, v. to supervene, to be added. 

Survey', v. to overlook, to oversee, to view. 

Sur'vey, s. a view ; a measurement. 

Survey'ing. s. the art of measuring land. 

Survey'or, s. an overseer ; a measurer. 

Survey'or-gcneral, s. a principal surveyor. 

Survey'orship, s. the office of a surveyor. 

Survi'val, Survi'vance, s. survivorship. 

Survi've, v. to outlive, to remain alive. 

Survi'vor, s. one that outlives another. 

Survivorship, s. the state of a survivor. 

Susceptibility, s. thestate or quality of being 
susceptible. 

Suscep'tible, a. apt to take an impression; 
capable of admitting; tending to admit. 

Suseep'tibleness, s. susceptibility. 

Suscep'tion, s. the act of undertaking. 



sus 



294 



SWE 



Suscep'tive, a. capable of admitting. 

Suscep'tor, s. one who undertakes. 

Suscvptiv'ity, s. capability of admitting. 

Suscip'iency, s. reception, admission. 

Suseip'ient, a. receiving, admitting. 

Suscip'iont. s. one who admits or receives 

Sus'citate, v. to rouse, to excite. 

Suscita'tion, s. the act of exciting. 

Suspect', v. to mistrust, doubt, think guilty. 

Suspeet'odly, ad. so as to be suspected. 

Suspect'odness, s. state of being suspected. 

Suspect'er, s. one who suspects. 

Suspect' ful, a. apt to suspect. 

Suspect'less, a. not suspecting ; not sus- 
pected. 

Suspend', v. to hang; to make to depend 
upon ; to put off or delay ; to deprive for 
a time of office. 

Suspend'er, s. he or that which suspends. 

Suspen'se, s. uncertainty, doubt, stop. 

Suspensibil'ity. 5. the being suspensible. 

Suspen'sible, a. capable of being suspended. 

Suspension, s. the act of suspending; the 
state of being suspended ; a keeping in 
doubt; temporary deprivation of office. 

Suspen'sive, a. doubtful, uncertain. 

Suspen'sory, a. that suspends; doubtful. 

Sus'picable, a. liable to suspicion. 

Suspicion, *. the act of suspecting. 

Suspi"cious, as. inclined to suspect ; indicat- 
ing suspicion ; liable to suspicion. 

Suspi"cious!y, ad. with suspicion. 

Suspiciousness, s. tendency to suspicion 

Suspira'tion, s. a deep breathing, a sigh 

Suspi're, v. to breathe deep, to -sigh. 

Suspi'ral, S. a breathing hole. 

Sustain', v. to uphold, to support, to main- 
tain ; to bear, to endure. 

Sustain'able, a. that may be sustained. 

Sustain'or, s. he or that which sustains. 

Sus'tenance, s. maintenance ; victuals. 

Sustonti.'tion, s. support; maintenance. 

Susurra'tion, s. a whisper, a soft manner. 

Su'tile. a. done by stitching. 

Sut'ler, s. one who sells provisions and liquors 
in a camp. 

Suttee', s. the sacrifice of burning a Hindoo 
or Indian widow on the funeral pile of her 
husband. 

Sut'tling, a. belonging to suttlers. 

Su'ture, s. a sewing ; a sewing of wounds. 

Swab, s. a kind of mop to clean floors. 

Swab, v. to clean with a swab. 

Swab'bor, s. one who swabs a ship's deck. 

Swad'dle, v. to swathe, to bind in clothes. 

Swad'dle, s. clothes bound round the body. 

Swad'd ling-cloth, s. a cloth or band wrapped 
round an infant. 

Swag. v. to sink by its own weight. 

Swag'ger, v. to bluster, to bully, to brag. 

Swag'gerer, s. a blusterer, a bully. 

Swag'gy. a. sinking by its own weight. 

Swain, s. a young man; a rustic. 

Swal'low, s. a migratory bird. 

Swal'low, x. the throat : voracity. 

Swal'low. v. to take down the throat ; to re- 
ceive with too great credulity. 

Swal'lower, 5. one that swallows. 

Swai low-tail, s. the name of a plant- 
Swamp, s. a marsh, a fen, a bog. 

Swamp, v. to sink as in a swamp- 



Swamp'-ore, s. hog-iron ore. 
Swamp'y, a. boggy, fenny, marshy. 
Swan, s. a large aquatic fowl. 
Swans'down, s. the down of swans; a fine 

soft thick woollen cloth. 
Swau'skin, s. a kind of fine soft flannel. 
Swap, v. to strike with a long or sweeping 

stroke ; to strike a bargain, to exchange or 

barter : s. a stroke, a blow. See Swop. 
Sward, .>•. the grassy surface of land. 
Swarm, s. a great number of small animals, 

as bees ; a crowd, a multitude. 
Swarm, v. to collect in a swarm, to throng. 
Swart, Swarfh, a. black, dark ; gloomy. 
Swart, v. to blacken, to dusk. 
Swarth'iness, s. darkness of complexion. 
Swarth'y, Swart'y, a. dark, tawny. 
Swash, v. to make a clutter or great noise , 

to bluster : s. a blustering noise. 
Swath, s. a line of grass or corn cut down by 

the mower ; a band. 
Swathe, v. to bind with rollers or bands. 
Swathe, 5. a bandage or roller. 
Sway, s. influence, direction, power, rule. 
Sway, v. to move or wave ; to direct to either 

side ; to have weight or influence ; to bear ; 

to govern, to rule. 
Sweat, Swale, v. to waste away, to melt. 
Swear, v. to utter an oath ; to declare or pro- 

mise upon oath; to bind by an oath. 
Swear 'er, s. one who swears 
Swea/ing, s. the act of declaring upon oath ; 

the practice of using profane e tV 
Sweat, s the moisture emitted at the pores 

by heat or labour; labour, toil. 
Sweat, v. to perspire ; to toil, to la hour. 
Sweat'iness, s. the state of being sweaty. 
Sweat'ing, 5. an emission of sweat. 
Sweating-sick'ness, s. a febrile disease. 
Sweat'y, a. moist with sweat ; toilsome. 
Swede, *. a native of Sweden. 
Swe'dish-turnip, s. a hard kind of turnip. 
Swe'dish, a. relating to the Swedes. 
Sweep, s. to ciean with a besom : to carry 

off with celerity and violence; to pass 

along with pomp; to move with a long 

reach : s. the act of sweeping ; the compass 

of a stroke. 
Sweep'er, s. one that sweeps. 
Sweep'ings, s.pl. refuse, what is swept away. 
Sweep'net, s. a large kind of net. 
Sweep'stake. s. a man that wins all. 
Swcep'stakes, s. the united or whole stakes 

contended for in any sport or game. 
Sweep'y, a. passing swiftly over a large 

space at once ; wavy. 
Sweet, a. agreeable to the taste ; pleasing to 

any sense ; not sour : s. a sweet substance ; 

a perfume; something pleasing; a word of 

endearment. 
Sweet 'bread, s. the pancreas of a calf. 
Sweet'brier, s. a fragrant shrub. 
Sweet'en, v. to make or grow sweet. 
Sweet'ener, s. one that sweetens. 
Sweet heart. 5. a lover or mistress. 
Sweet'ish, a. somewhat, sweet. 
Sweet'meat, s. a conserve of fruits and sugar. 
Sweet'ness. s. quality of being sweet 
Sweet'-pea, s. a pea cultivated for ornament. 
Sweet'-seented, a. having a sweet smell. 
Sweet'-smelling, a. having a sweet smell. 



SWE 



29.3 



SYN 



Sweet-wiTliam, 5. a garden flower. 
Sweet-willow, s. gale or Dutch myrtle. 
Swell, v. to be inflated ; to inflate ; to ".grow 
larger ; to bulge out ; to look big : *. ex- 
tension of bulk ; a billow. 
Swell'ing, s. a protuberance ; a tumor. 
Swelt, v. to overpower with heat. 
Swelt'er, v. to be pained or dried with heat. 
Swelt'ry, a. suffocating with heat. 
Swerve, v. to wander, to deviate, to bend. 
Swift, s. a bird like a swallow; a martin. 
Swift, a. quick, nimble, ready, prompt. 
Swift'ly, ad. fleetly, rapidly, with velocity. 
Swift'ness, s. speed, rapidity, quickness. 
Swig, s. a large draught of liquor. 
Swig, v. to drink by large draughts. 
Swill, v. to drink grossly, to drench ; to in- 
ebriate : s. a large draught of liquor ; wash, 
given to hogs. 
Swill'er, s. one that swills. 
Swil Tings, s. wash for hogs. 
Swim, v. to float, to move or pass through 
water: to glide along; to be dizzy: s. the 
act of swimming. 
Swim'mer, s. one who swims. 
Swim'ming, s. a moving on water; dizziness. 
Swim'mingly, ad. smoothly; successfully. 
Swin'die, v. to impose upon and defraud per- 
sons by false pretences. 
Swin'dler, s. a sharper, a cheat. 
Swin'dling. s. the practices of a swindler. 
Swine, s. hogs or pigs collectively. 
Swi'ne-herd, s. a keeper of hogs. 
Swi'ne-stone. s a kind of limestone. 
Swing, v. to wave loosely in the air : to move 
backward and forward on a rope; to vi- 
brate; to whirl round. 
Swing, s. motion of any thing hangingloosely; 
an apparatus for swinging; free course, 
unrestrained liberty. 
Swing'-bridge, s. a bridge moved by swing- 
ing, used on canals. 
Swinge, v. to lash or whip soundly ; s. a 

sweep of any thing in motion, as a lash. 
Swing'er, s. one who swings. 
Swinging, s. motion to and fro. 
Swin'ging, a. great, huge, (a low word.) 
Swi'nish, a. resembling swine ; gross. 
Swipes, s. bad or small beer, (a low word.) 
Swiss, a. pertaining to Switzerland. 
Swiss, Swit'zcr, s. a native of Switzerland. 
Switch, s. a small flexible twig. 
Switch, v. to beat with a switch. 
Swiv'el, s. a ring turning on a staple ; a small 

cannon which turns on a swivel. 
Swoon, v. to faint : S. a fainting fit. 
Swoon'ing, s. the act of fainting. 
Swoop, s. a falling on ; a seizing. 
Swoop, s. a sweeping motion ; a seizing. 
Swoop, v. to fall on at once and seize, as a 
hawk its prey; to catch or seize with a 
sweeping motion. 
Swop, v. to change; to exchange. See Swap. 
Sword, s. a well-known military weapon; 

destruction by war, vengeance. 
Sword'-belt, s. the belt by which a sword is 

suspended. 
Sword'-blade, s. the cutting part of a sword. 
Sword'-cutler, s. a manufacturer of swords. 
Sword'ed, a. girt, with a sword. 
Sword'er, s. a soldier; a cut-throat. 



Sword'-fight, s. a combat with swords. 

Sword'-tish. s. a fish with a long sharp bone 
issuing from its head. 

Swovd'-knot, s. a knot of riband at the hilt 
of a sword. 

Sword'-law. s. violence, force. 

Sword'-man. s. a soldier, a fighting man. 

Sword'-player, s. a gladiator, a fencer. 

Sybarit'ic, Sybarit.'ical, a. like the ancient 
Sybarites; luxurious: wanton. 

Sye'amore, s. a species of wild fig-tree. 

Sycophancy, s. mean flattery, servility. 

Syc'ophant, s. a parasite, a flatterer. 

Sycophan'tic, Sycoplian'tical, a. parasitical. 

Syc'ophantry, s. malignant tale bearing. 

Svllab'ic, Svllab'ical. a. relating .to svllables. 

Syllab'ically, ad. in a syllabioal manner. 

Syllabica'tion, s. the act of dividing of words 
into syllables. 

Syllable, s. as much of a word as is uttered 
by one articulation. 

Syllable, v. to articulate, to utter. 

Syllabub, s. See Sillabub. 

Syllabus, s. an abstract, a compendium. 

Syllogism, s. a form of argument, in which 
the validity or conclusiveness of the rea- 
soning is evident from the mere form of 
the expression; as, A is B, C is A ; there- 
fore C is B. 

Syllogis'tic, Syllogis'tical, a. pertaining to or 
consisting of a syllogism. 

Syllogis'tically, ad. in form of a syllogism. 

Syllogiza'tion, s. reasoning by syllogism. 

Syllogize, v. to reason by syllogism. 

Syllogizer, s. one who reasons by syllogisms. 

Sylph, s. an imaginary being inhabiting the 
air ; literally, a moth. 

Sylph'id, s. diminutive of Sylph. 

Syl'van. See Silvan. 

SynTbol, s. a sign, an emblem, a typo. 

Symbolical, a. representative, typical. 

Symbolically, ad. typically, emblematically. 

Sym'bolism, s. in chemistry, consent of 
parts; the use of symbols. 

Symboliza'tion, s. the act of symbolizing. 

Sym'bolize, v. to resemble typically. 

Symmet'rian, s. one studious of proportion. 

Symmetrical, a. having due proportion. 

Symmetrically, ad. with due proportion. 

Sym'metristj s. one studious of proportion. 

Sym'metrize, a. to make proportionate. 

Sym'metry, *. a due proportion or relation 
of parts to the whole ; harmony. 

Sympathetic, Sympathetica], a. having sym- 
pathy ; produced by sympathy. 

Sympathetically, ad. with sympathy. 

Sympathize, v. to feel with or for another. 

Sym'pathy, s. compassion; fellow-feeling; 
agreement of affections. 

Sympho'nious, a. agreeing in sound. 

Sym'phonize, v. to be in unison with. 

Sym'phony, s. a harmony of sounds. 

Sympo'siac, a. convivial, feasting. 

Sympo'sium, .v. a feast; a drinking together. 

Symp'tom, s. a sign, a token, an indication. 

Symptomatic, Symptomatica], a. indicating 
the existence of something else. 

Symptomatlcally, ad. as a symptom. 

Synago"gical, a. pertaining to a synagogue. 

Syn'agoguc, a. a place of Jewish worship. 

Synale'pha, s. a contraction of a syllable. 



SYN 



296 



TAC 



Syn'archy, s. joint sovereignty. 

Synarthrosis, s. close union of bones. 

Synaxls, s. a congregation. 

Synaerlsis, *. a union of two syllables into 
one ; the opposite of Diaeresis. 

Synchron'ical, Synchronous, a. happening 
at, or belonging to, the same time. 

Synchronism, s. a concurrence of two or 
more events happening at the same time. 

Synchronize, v . to concur at the same time. 

Syn'chronousiy, ad. at the same time. 

Syn'co-pate. v. to abbreviate by taking from 
the middle of a word ; to shorten. 

Syncopa'tion, s. the act of syncopating. 

SynVope, s. a contraction of a word, by 
omitting a letter or syllable from the mid- 
dle; a fainting fit. 

Syn'copist, s. a contractor of words. 

Syn'copize, v. to contract, to abridge. 

Syn'die, s. a person deputed to act on behalf 
of a corporation or community; a chief 
magistrate. 

Syn'dieate, s. a council : v. to pass sentence 
on ; to judge. 

Syn'drome, s. a concurrent action. 

Synec'doche, s. a figure of rhetoric, by which 
part is taken for the whole, or the whole 
for a part. 

Synecdoch'ical, a. expressed by a synec- 
doche ; implying a synecdoche. 

Synecdoch'ically, ad. by synecdoche. 

Synerget'ie, Synergis'tic, a. co-operating. 

Syn'od, s. a meeting, a council, an ecclesias- 
tical assembly. 

Syn'odal, a. synodical : s. dues formerly paid 
to a bishop at a visitation. 

Synod'ic, Synod'ical, a. pertaining to or 
transacted in a synod. 

Synod'ically, ad. by the authority of a synod. 

Syn'onyme, s. a word having the same mean- 
ing as some other word. 

Synon'ymize, v. to express the same thing 
in different words. 

Synon'ymous, a. of the same signification. 

Synon'ymously, ad. in a synonymous manner. 

Synon'ymy, s. the quality of expressing the 
same meaning by different words. 

Synop sis, *. a view of the whole together ; 
an epitome or abridgment. 

Synop'tical, a. affording a general view. 

Synop'tically, ad. in a synoptical manner. 

Syntae'tic, Syntactical, a. fitted to each 
other ; relating to syntax. 

Syntac tically, ad. conformably to syntax. 

Syu'tax, s. that part of grammar which treats 
of the construction of sentences. 

Syntere'sis, s. remorse of conscience. 

Syn'thesis, s. the act of putting together ; 
'opposed to Analysis. 

Synthetic, Synthetical, a. putting together; 
opposed to Analytic. 

Synthetically, ad. by synthesis. 

Sy'phon, s. See Siphon. 

Syr'iac. a. belonging or relating to Syria : s. 
the Syriac language. 

Syr'inge, s. a pipe to squirt liquor with. 

Svr'inge, v. to squirt or wash with a syringe. 

Syr'tis, s. a quicksand, a bog. 

r-yr'np. See Sirup. 

Sys'tasis. s. consistence; constitution. 

Sys'tem, s. a method, theory, scheme. 



Systematic, s. one who observes system. 

Systematic, Systematical, a. methodical. 

Systematically, ad. in a systematic manner, 

Sys'tematist, Sys'tematizer, 5. one who re- 
duces things to a system. 

Systemiza'tion, s. the act of systemizing. 

Systematize, v. to reduce to a system. 

Sys'tem-maker, s. one who forms a system. 

Sys'tem-monger, s. one ridiculously given to 
the forming of systems. 

Sys'tole, s. the contraction of the heart; the 
shortening of a long syllable. 



Tab'ard, s. a short gown ; a herald's coat. 

Tab'arder, s. one who wears a tabard. 

Tab'by, s. a kind of waved silk: a. varied 
with different colours ; brindled. 

Tabefac'tion, s. a wasting away. 
; Tab'efy, v. to waste away, to emaciate. 

Tab'ernacle, 5. a tent, a temporary habita- 
tion ; a sacred place, a place of worship. 

Tab'ernacle, v. to en.shrine; to dwell. 

Tabernac'ular, a. latticed. 

Ta'bes, s. a consumption without cough. 

Tab'id, a. consumptive, wasted by disease. 

Tabldness, s. a wasting by disease. 

Tabinet', s. a kind of silk stuff. 

Tab'lature, s. painting on walls or ceilings. 

Ta'ble, 5. any flat surface ; an article of fur- 
niture with a fiat surface, used for meals 
and other purposes; fare or entertainment ; 
a surface on which something is written - 
an index, a syllabus. 

Ta'ble, v. to form into a table or index. 

Ta'ble-beer, s. beer used at meals. 

Ta'ble-book, s. a book on which any thing 
is engraved or written without ink. 

Ta'ble-cloth, s. linen spread on a table. 

Ta'ble-land, s. elevated flat land. 

Ta'blc-man, s. a man at draughts. 

Ta'bles, s. boards used for backgammon. 

Tab'let, s. a small table ; a small flat surface 
for writing on. 

Ta'ble-talk, s. conversation at meals or en- 
tertainments ; table- discourse. 

Taboo', s. in the Pacific Isles, a religious 
interdict: v. to forbid the use of. 

Ta'bour, s. a small drum, a drum beaten 
with one stick to accompany a pipe. 

Ta'bour. v. to strike lightly, as on a tabour. 

Ta'bourer, 5. one who beats the tabour. 

Tab'ouret, Tablet, s. a small drum. 

Tabouri'ne, [Fr.] s. a tabour; a small drum. 

Tab'ular, a. in the form of a table. 

Tab'ulate, v. to reduce to tables. 

Tab'ulated, a. having a flat surface. 
| Tache, s. a catch, a loop, a button. 

Tachyg'raphy, s. the art of quick writing. 

Ta"cit. a. silent; implied or meant, though 
not expressed. 

Ta"oitly, ad. silently; by implication. 

Ta"citurn. a. habitually silent. 

Taciturnity, s. habitual silence. 

Tack, s. a small nail : v. to fasten slightly. 
! Tack, s. the change of a ship's course. 
! Tack, v. to change a ship's course. 

Tac'kle, s. ropes of a .ship ; tackling. 
! Tae'kle, v. to supply with tackle. 
i Tac'kkd, a. made of ropes tacked together. 



TAC 



297 



TAN 



Tack'ling, s. ropes and furniture of ships; 
instruments of action, as for fishing, dec. 

Tact, s. ready talent; nicety of discernment; 
expertness and skill in the management of 
any affair. 

Tae/tic, Tac'tical. a. relatingtothe art of war. 

Tacti"cian, s. one skilled in tactics. 

Tac'tics, s. the art of arranging or disposing 
military or naval forces for battle; the 
science of war. 

Tac'tile, a. perceptible by the touch. 

Tactil'ity, 5. perceptibility by the touch. 

Tac'tion, s. the act of touching. 

Tad'pole, s. a young shapeless frog. 

Taf'ferel, s. the upper part of a ship's stern. 

Taffeta, s. a sort of thin silk. 

Tag, s. a metallic, point at the end of a string 
or lace ; any thing tacked to another; any 
thing mean or low. 

Tag, v. to fix a tag to; to tack together. 

Tag'-rag, s. the rabble. 

Tag'-tail, s. a worm with a tag-like tail. 

Tail, s. the part of an animal which termin- 
ates the body behind ; the hinder or lower 
part of any thing ; the end or extremity of 
any thing; any thing pendent. 

Tail'age. See Tallage. 

Tail'ed, a. furnished with a tail. 

Tai'lor, s. one who makes men's clothos. 

Tai'lor, v. to work as a tailor. 

Tailoring, s. the business of a tailor. 

Taint, s. a tincture, a stain ; infection. 

Taint, v. to stain, sully; infect, corrupt. 

Taintless, a. without stain, pure. 

Taint'ure, s. tinge, taint, defilement. 

Take, v. to receive, to accept, to lay hold of, 
to seize, to catch, to obtain ; to appre- 
hend, to suppose. 

Ta'ker, 5. one who takes. 

Ta'king, a. engaging, pleasing : s. seizure. 

Ta'kingness, s. quality of being engaging. 

Tal'bot, s. a sort of hunting dog. 

Talc, s. a kind of fossil stone. 

Tal'cous, Talck'y, a. of the nature of talc. 

Tale, s. a narrative, a slight story, a fable ; 
account, reckoning. 

Ta'lebearer, s. a tell-tale, a mischief-maker. 

Ta'lebearing, s. officious information. 

Ta'leful, a. abounding in stories. 

Tal'ent, s. an ancient weight and coin; a na- 
tural gift or endowment; eminent ability. 

Tal'ented, a. possessing a natural gift or en- 
dowment ; eminent ability. 

Ta'les, [Lat.] 5. persons chosen to supply 
the place of absent or challenged jurors. 

Ta'le-teller, 5. one who tells tales. 

Tal'ion, s. the law of retaliation. 

Tal'isman, s. a magical figure. 

Talisman'ic, a. magical. 

Talk, s. oral conversation ; rumour. 

Talk, v. to speak, to converse, to prate. 

Talk'ative, a. full of prate, loquacious. 

Talk'ativeness, s. loquacity, garrulity. 

Talk'er, s. one who talks; a prattler, a lo- 
quacious fellow, a boaster. 

Talk'ing, s. the act or power of speaking. 

Talk'ing, a. giving to talking, loquacious. 

Tall, a. high in stature, lofty ; in old authors, 
bold, brave, spirited. 

Tal'la^e, s. impost; excise. 

Tal'iage, v. to lay on an impost. 



Tall'ness, s. height of stature, procerity. 

Tal'low, s. the fat of beasts melted, suet. 

Tal'low, v. to smear with tallow. 

Tal'low-candle, s. a candle made of tallow. 

Tal'low-chandler, s. one who makes and sells 
tallow candles. 

Tal'low-faced, a. having a sickly complexion. 

Tal'lowish, a. having the nature of tallow. 

Tal'lowy, a. of the nature of tallow, greasy. 

Tal'ly, s. a stick cut or notched in conform- 
ity with another stick, used in keeping 
accounts ; any thing made to suit another. 

Tal'Jy, v. to agree with, to be suitable. 

Tal'mud, s. the book containing the Hebrew 
or Jewish traditions. 

Talmud'ic, Tahnud'ical, Talmudis'tic, a. 
pertaining to the Talmud. 

Tal'mudist, s. one versed in the Talmud. 

Tal'on, s. the claw of a bird of prey. 

Ta'mable, a. that may be tamed. 

Ta'mableness, s. quality of being tamable. 

Tam'arind, s. an acid Indian fruit. 

Tam'arisk, s. a flowering tree. 

Tam'bour, s. a tambourine ; a frame resem- 
bling a drum or tambourine, on which a 
kind of embroidery is worked. 

Tam'bour, v. to embroider with a tambour. 

Tambouri'ne, s. a tabour or kind of drum. 

Tame, a. not wild, domestic; spiritless. 

Tame, v. to domesticate ; to subdue. 

Ta'meless, a. wild, untamed. 

Ta'mely, ad. not wildly; without spirit. 

Ta'meness, s. gentleness ; want of spirit. 

Ta'mer, s. one that tames or subdues. 

Tam'per, v. to try a person's temper with th6 
view of practising upon it ; to meddle with. 

Tam'pering, *. the act of meddling with. 

Tam'tam, s. a large flat drum used by the 
Hindoos or Indians. 

Tan, s. the bark of the oak prepared for the 
operation of tanning: v. to impregnate 
with tan ; to make tawny. 

Tang. s. a strong taste or relish. 

Tan'gent, *. a right line which touches a 
circle so as not to cut it. 

Tan'gible, a. perceptible by the touch. 

Tangihil'ity, s. quality of being tangible. 

Tan "gle, .v. a knot of things interwoven ; a 
kind of sea-weed. 

Tan"gle, v. to entangle to implicate, to 
embarrass, to embroil. 

Tan'ist, s. formerly a kind of captain or 
governor in Ireland. 

Tank, s. a reservoir of water; a large basin. 

Tank'ard, s. a drinking vessel with a lid. 

Tan'ncr, s. one who tans hides for leather. 

Tan'nery, s. a house or place for tanning in. 

Tan'nin, s. the bark, or any astringent ingre- 
dient used in lieu of bark for tanning. 

Tan'ning, 5. the process of preparing leather 
with tan or bark. 

Tan'-pit, s. a pit for a tanner's work. 

Tan'sy, s. the name of a plant. 

Tan'talism, *. torment like that to whieb 
Tantalus was subjected. 

Tantaliza'tion, *. act of tantalizing. 

Tan'talize. v. to torment with false hopes. 

Tan'talizer, s. one who tantalizes. 

Tantamount, a. equivalent, equal. 

Tantiv'y, ad, with haste, with full speed. 

Tan'vard, s . a place for tanning in. 
03 



TAP 



298 



TAX 



Tap, s. a gentle blow : v. to strike gently. 
Tap, s. a pipe for drawing liquor from a 

cask : v. to pierce a cask and insert a tap. 
Taps, s. a narrow fillet of linen. 
Ta'per, s. a wax candle, a light. 
Ta'per, Ta'pering, a. narrowed towards the 

point, conical; long and slender: v. to 

grow or make smaller towards the point. 
Ta'pemess, s. the state of being taper. 
Tap'estry, s. cloth woven with figures, 
lap'estry, v. to adorn witn tapestry. 
Ta'pe-worm, s. ati intestinal worm. 
Tap'-house, Tap'-room, s. a house or place 

where beer is sold. 
Tapio'ca, s. a glutinous substance made from 

the root of the cassavi plant. 
Ta'pir, s. a quadruped of South America, 

somewhat like a large hog. 
Tap'is, a", tapestry, which formerly covered 

the table in a council-chamber ; and hence, 

"'in the tapis, "meansunder consideration. 
Tap'lash, s. poor beer; dregs. 
Tap'-root, s. the principal stem of a root. 
Tap'ster, s. one who draws beer, a waiter. 
Tar. s. liquid pitch ; a sailor. 
Tar. v. to smear over with tar. 
'ia-ran'tula, s. a venomous insect (found at 

Tarentum) whose bite is believed to be 

cured by music. 
Tar'iiily, ad. slowly, sluggishly. 
Tar'diness, s. slowness, sluggishness. 
Tar'dity, s. tardiness. 
Tar'dy, a. slow, sluggish, late. 
Tare, s. a weed that grows among com. 
Tare, s. an allowance in weight. 
Targe, s. a kind of buckler or shield. 
Tar'get, s. a small buckler; a shield set up 

to lie shot at as a mark. 
Tar'geted, a. armed with a target. 
Targeteer', s. one armed with a target. 
Tar 'gum, s. a paraphrase of the Scripture in 

the Chaldaic language. 
Tar'iff, s. a cartel of commerce, or a table of 

duties or customs in goods exported and 

imported. 
Tarn, s. a bog, a fen, a marsh. 
Tarnish, v. to sully, to soil, to lose lustre. 
Tarpaulin, s. tarred canvass ; a sailor. 
Tar'riance, s. stay, deiay, sojourn. 
Tar'rier, s. one that tarries. 
Tar'ry, v. to stay, to wait for, to loiter. 
Tarr'y, a. like tar ; daubed with tar. 
Tar'sel, s. a kind of hawk. 
Tar'sus. 5. that part of the foot to which the 

leg is articulated. 
Tart, a. acid, sour; sharp, severe. 
Tart. s. a small fruit-pie. 
Tar'tan, s. a kind of woollen stuff, checked 

with stripes of various colors. 
Tar'tane, s. a Mediterranean coasting vessel. 
Tar'tar, s. an acid salt, deposited from fer- 
mented wines. 
Tar'tar, s. a native of Tar car y. 
Tarta'nan, Tarta'reous, a. hellish, infernal. 
Tartar'ic, a. of tartar, as tartaric acid. 
Tar'tarin, s. fixed vegetable alkali. 
Tartariza'tion, s. the act of forming tartar. 
Tar'tar, ze, v. to impregnate with tartar. 
Tar'tarous, a. consisting of tarrar. 
Tart'ish, a. somewhat 1 art ; rather sour. 
Tart'ly, ad. sourly, sharply, severely. 



Tart'ness, s. acidity, sharpness: ill-nature. 

Tar'tuffe, s. a pretended saint, a hypocrite, 
(like the character drawn by Moliere. ) 

Tar'tuffish, a. formal, precise. 

Task, s. something set to be done or studied, 
a certain amount of business or work im- 
posed ; burdensome work. 

Task, v to impose something to be done. 

Task'ma3ter, jr. one who imposes ta~>ks. 

Tas'sel, s. a tierced or male hawk. 

Tas'sel, .?. a pendent ornament ending in 
loose threads. 

Tas'seled, a. adorned with tassels. 

Ta'stable, a. that may be tasted. 

Taste, v. to perceive by the tongue and pa- 
late ; to try by a small mouthful ; to try 
the relish cf : to enjoy. 

Taste, s. the act of tasting; the senseby which 
the relish or flavour of a thing is perceived ; 
flavour ; a small portion as a specimen ; in- 
tellectual relish or discernment; nice per- 
ception ; judgment. 

Ta'sted, p. and a. having a particular relish. 

Ta'steful, a. savoury, having good taste. 

Ta'stefully, Ta'stily, ad. with good taste. 

Ta'steless, a. insipid, having no taste. 

Ta'stelessness, s. insipidity; want of relish. 

Ta'ster, s. one who tastes; a dram-cup. 

Ta'sty, a. exposed or done so as to show in- 
tellectual relish ; ornamental. 

Tat'ter, v. to tear, to rend : s. a rag. 

Tatterdema'lion, s. a ragged fellow. 

Tat'tered, a. rent, torn, hanging in rags. 

Tat'tle, v. to prate, to talk idly. 

Tat'tler, s. an idle talker, a prater. 

Tattoo', s. the beat of drum by which sol- 
diers are warned to quarters. 

Tattoo', v. to puncture the skin, and stain 
the parts with marks or devices. 

Taunt, s. a gibe, a scoff, a reproach. 

Taunt, v. to gibe, to scoff, to reproach. 

Taunt'er, s. one who taunts or gibes. 

Taunt'ingly, ad. in a gibing manner. 

Tauricor'nous, a. having horns like a hull. 

Tau'rus, s. the seeond sign in the zodiac. 

Tautolo"gical, a. repeating the same tiling. 

Tautol'ogist, s. one who uses tautology. 

Tautol'ogize, v. to use tautology. 

Tautol'ogy, s a repetition of the same words, 
or of the same meaning. 

Tautoph'ony, s. sameness in sound. 

Tav'prn, s. a house where wine is sold. 

Tav'erner, s. a tavern-keeper. 

Tav'erning, s. a feasting at taverns. 

Tavern-keeper, s. the master of a tavern. 

Taw, v. to dress white leather. 

Taw, s. a marble to play with. 

Taw'drily, ad. in a tawdry mannei. 

Taw'drincss, s. finery without elegance. 

Taw'dry, s. a slight ornament. 

Taw'dry, a. ridiculously fine, or meanly 
showy: s. a gewgaw, a showy trifle. 

Taw'er, one that taws leather. 

Taw'ny, a. dark-yellow, like tbing3 tanned. 

Tax, s. an impost, a tribute, a charge, a 
rate ; censure : v. to impose a tax ; to lay 
to men's charge, to censure, to rate. 

Tax'able, a. that may be taxed. 

Taxa'tion, s. the act of taxing ; imDOst. 

Tax'cr, s. one who taxes. 

Tax'ing, s. the act of imposing a taa. 



TEA 



299 



TEN 



Tea, s. a Chinese shrub and its leave;;; a 

liquor or decoction made from the leaves. 
Toa'board, s. a board for teacups, &e. 
Tea'-canister, s. a box in which tea is kept. 
Teach, v. to instruct, to inform, to show. 
Teach'able, a. easy to be taught, docile. 
Teach'ableness, s. docility. 
Teach'er, s. an instructor ; a preacher. 
Teaching, s. the act of instructing. 
Tea'oup, s. a small cup to drink tea from. 
Tea'-dealer, s. one who vends tea. 
Teague, s. an old contemptuous name for an 

Irishman. 
Teak, s. a valuable timber-tree growing in 

India, and other Eastern countries, and 

excellent for ship-building. 
Teal, j. a wild fowl of the duck kind. 
Team, s. two or more horses or oxen yoked 

together : v. to join in a team. 
Tea'pot, s. a vessel to make tea in 
Tear, s. water from the eye. 
Tear, v. to rend in pieces : s. a fissure. 
Tear'er, s. one who rends or tears. 
Te'arful, a. weeping, full of tears. 
Te'arless, a. without tears. 
Tease, v. to comb wool ; to annoy, to vex. 
Tea'sel, s. a kind of thistle used in teasing or 

dressing cloth. 
Teas'er, s. one that teases. 
Tea'spoon, s. a small spoon used at tea. 
Teat, s. the dug of an animal. • 
Tea'- tree, s. the plant that produces tea. 
Tech ily, ad. peevishly; frowardly. 
Tech'iness, s. peevishness; frowardness. 
Tec'hnical, a. pertaining to art ; belonging 

to a particular profession. 
Technicality, s. a technical expression. 
Technically, ad. in a technical manner. 
Technology, s. a discourse upon arts. 
Tech'y. a. touchy, peevish, captious. 
Tectonic, a. pertaining to building. 
Ted, v. to spread newly-mown grass. 
Te'dious, a. wearisome; irksome; slow. 
Te'diously, ad. so as to weary. 
Te'diousness, s. slowness; wearisomeness. 
Te'dium, s. wearisomeness, distaste. 
Teem, v. to bring forth young; to be preg- 
nant; to be full of; to produce. 
Teem'ful, a. pregnant, prolific, brimful. 
Teem'less, a. unfruitful, not prolific. 
Tecn-s, s. the years between twelve and 

twenty, or from thirteen to nineteen. 
Teeth, s. pi. of Tooth : v. to breed teeth. 
Teeth'ing, s. the operation or process of the 

first growth of teeth. 
Teg'ular, a. pertaining to or like a tile. 
Teg'ument, a-, a cover, the outward part. 
Tegumen'tary, a. pertaining to teguments. 
Teil. s. the linden or lime-tree. 
Teint, s. See Tint. 
Tc'lary, a. spinning webs. 
Tel'egraph, .?. a machine for the rapid con- 

veyance of intelligence by signals. 
Telegraphic, a. conveyed by telegraph. 
Teleol'ogy. s. the science of final causes. 
Tel'escqpe, s. an optical glass or instrument 

used for viewing distant objects. 
Xfeleseop'io, Telescop'ioal, a. pertaining to, 

or only seen through a telescope. 
Tol'esm. .1. a talisman, a magical charm. 
Telesmat'ical, a. talismanic. 



Teles'tic. .?. a poem, in which the final let- 
ters of the lines make up a name. 

Tell, v. to make known by words, to utter, 
to relate, to inform ; to count, to number. 

Tell'er, s. one who tells or counts. 

Tell'tale. s. an officious talebearer. 

Tell'tale, a. babbling; telling tales. 

Tellu'rium, s. a bluish-white metal, soft, 
brittle, and easily pulverized. 

Temera'rious, a. rash ; heedless. 

Temera'rious} y, ad. rashly; without heed. 

Temerity,*, rashness; heedlessness. 

Tem'per. s. disposition of mind; moderation ; 
due mixture of contrary qualities ; state of 
a metal as to hardness. 

Tem'per, v. to mix so that one part qualifies 
the other; to moderate, to mollify; to 
form to a proper degree of hardness. 

Tem'parament, s. constitution ; a medium 

Temperamental, a. constitutional. 

Tem'perance, s. moderation ; sobriety. 

Tem'perate, a. moderate, calm, sober. 

Tem'perately, ad. moderately, calmly. 

Tem'perateness, s. state of being temperate. 

Tem'perative, a. having power to temper. 

Tem'perature, s. constitution of nature ; 
state as regards heat or cold. 

Tem'pered, a. disposed with regard to the 
passions; hardened by fire. 

Tem'pest, s. a violent wind ; a commotion. 

Tempestivlty, s. seasonableness. 

Tempestlve, a. seasonable. 

Tempestlvely, ad. seasonably. 

Tem'pest-tost, a. driven about by storms. 

Tempest'uous, a. stormy, boisterous. 

Tempest'uously, ad. turbulently. 

Tempest'uousness, s. the being tempestuous. 

Tem'plar, s. a student in the law. 

Tem'ple, s. a building for religious worship. 

Tem'ple, s. the upper part of the side of the 
head where the pulse is felt. 

Tem'ple, v. to appropriate a temple to. 

Tem'plet, a\ a sort of rafter. 

Tem'poral, a. relating to time, not eternal ; 
secular, not spiritual. 

Temporality, a\ a secular possession. 

Tem'porally, ad. for a time; with respect to 
this life only. 

Tem'porals, s.pl. temporalities. 

Tem'poralty, .?. the laity ; also, atemporality. 

Tempora'neous, a. temporary. 

Temporarily, ad. for a time only. 

Tem'porariness, s.. the being temporary 

Tcm'porary. a. lasting only for a time. 

Temporiza'tion, s. the act of temporizing 

Tem'porize, v. to comply with the times or 
occasions; to delay. 

Tem'porizcr. s. one who temporizes. 

Tempt, v. to entice to ill ; to provoke. 

Tempt'ahle, a. liable to be tempted. 

Ternpta'tion, s. act of tempting : state of be- 
ing tempted ; that which tempts. 

Tempta'tionless, a. having no temptation. 

Tempt'er, s. one who entices to evil. 

Tempting, a. enticing, alluring. 

Temptingly, ad. so as to tempt or entico. 

Tempt'ress, s. she that tempts or entices. 

Tem'ulency, s. inebriation, intoxication. 

Tem'ulent, a. intoxicated, inebriated. 

Ten, s. the decimal number, twice five 

Tenable, a. that may be held or maintained. 



TEN 



300 



TEE 



Tena'cious, a. holding fast; retentive; ad- 
hesive; obstinate. 
Tena'ciously, ad. in a tenacious manner. 
Tena'ciousness, s. quality of being tenacious. 
3ena"city. s. tenaciousness. 
Ten'ancy, s. a holding or possession of lands 

or tenements. 
Ten'ant, v. to hold as a tenant. 
Ten'ant, s. one who holds or rents lands or 

tenements of another. 
Ten'antable, a. that may be tenanted. 
Ten'antless, a. unoccupied, unpossessed. 
Ten'antry, s. tenants on an estate. 
Tench, s. a river or pond fish. 
Tend, v. to stretch ; to move in a certain 

direction ; to aim at, to contribute to. 
Tend, v. to attend ; to watch, to guard. 
Teu'dance, s attendance, a waiting upon. 
Ten'dency, s. direction towards, drift. 
Ten'der, a. soft, delicate, easily pained or 

injured; young, gentle, compassionate, 

kind, careful not to hurt; susceptible of 

the softer passions, amorous. 
Ten'der, s. (put for Attended a small vessel 

attending on a larger one. 
Ten'der, v. (to extend the arm) to present 

for acceptance, to offer ; to hold in price 

as a thing offered ; to esteem. 
Ten'der. s. an offer or proposal. 
Ten'der-hearted, a. compassionate, kind. 
IVn'derimg, *- a fondling; the tender or 

first horns of a deer. 
Ten'derly, ad. gently, mildly, kindly. 
Ten'demess, S-. the state or quality of being 

tender; kindness. 
Tcn'dinous, a. sinewy, containing tendons. 
Tcn'con, s. a sinew, a ligature of joints. 
Ten'dril, s. the spiral or clasping shoot of a 

vine or other climbing plant. 
Ten'dril, a. clasping as a tendril. 
Tene'brious, Ten'ebrotis, a. dark; gloomy. 
Tenebro.s'ity, s. darkness ; gloom. 
Ten'ement. s. any thing held by a tenant. 
Tenemem'al, a. to be held by certain tenure ; 

usually let out. 
Tenemen'tavy, a. usually let or leased out. 
Ten'et, s. an opinion; a principle. 
Ten'fold, a. ten times increased. 
Ten'nis, s. a play with, a racket and ball. 
Ten'on, .». the end of a piece of wood cut so 

as to be inserted into another piece. 
Teu'or, s. (a holding on) a continued course ; 

general course or drift of meaning, pur- 
port; a part in music; a kind of violin. 
Tense, a. stretched, not lax. 
Tense, s. a term in grammar denoting time. 
Ten'seness, s. the state of being tense. 
Tensibil'ity, s. quality of being tensiblei 
Ten'sible, a. capable of being extended. 
Ten'sile, a. tensible. 
Ten'sion. s. the act of stretching; the state 

of being stretched. 
Ten'sive, a. giving a sensation of stiffness. 
Ten'sor, s. a muscle that extends a part. 
Ten'sure. s. t'';e act of stretching; tension. 
Tent, *. a temporary habitation made of 

canvass stretched on poles ; any temporary I 

habitation ; a partition ; a roll of lint put 

into a sore and stretching it. 
Tent, v. to lodge as in a tent ; to search as | 

with a medical tent; to probe. i 



Tentac'ula, [Lat.} s. the feelers of an insect, 

Tenta'tion, s. trial, temptation. 

Ten'tative, a. trying, essay ing. 

Tent'ed, a. covered with tents. 

l'en'ter, s. an iron hook to stretch cloth on * 

frame : v. to stretch by hooks. 
Ten'ter-ground, s. ground on which tenters- 
are erected for stretching cloth. 
Tenth, a. the ordinal often: s. a- tenth part. 
Tenth'ly, ad. in the tenth place. 
Ten'tory, 5. the awning of a tent. 
Tenu'ity, s. thinness, slenderness, exility. 
Ten'uous, a. thin, small, slender. 
Ten'ure, s. the manner or condition whereby 

tenements are held. 
Tep'id, a. moderately warm, lukewarm. 
Tepid'ity, s. lukewarmness. 
Te'por, [Lat.] s. a gentle or moderate heat;. 

lukewarmness. 
Te'raphim, s. household gods or images. 
Terce, s. See Tierce. 
Ter'cel,*. See Tiercel. 
Ter'ebinth, s. the turpentine tree. 
Terebin'thinate, Terebin'thine. a. consisting 

of or impregnated with turpentine. 
Ter'ebrate. v. to bore, to perforate. 
Torebra'tion, s. the act of boring. 
Tere'do, s. a worm that perforates ships. 
Tergem'inou.<s. a. thriee doubled, threefold. 
Tergiversa'tkm, s. shift, evasion, change^ 

(literally a turning the bach- upon.) 
Term, s. a boundary, a limit: a limited 
time ; the time in which the courts of law 
or universities are open ; a word by which- 
a meaning is limited or bounded, an ex- 
pression: pi. conditions. 
Term, v. to name : to call. 
Ter'magancy, s. turbulence. 
Ter'magant, S-. a scolding brawling woman. 
Ter'magant, a. brawling, scolding. 
Terminable, a. admittingof bounds orlimits, 

limitable. 
Ter'minate, v. to bound, to Hmit r to end. 
Termination, s. a limit, a bound, an end. 
Tcr'minative, a. directing termination. 
Ter'miuatively, ad. absolutely. 
Ter'miner,*. ("Oyer and Terminer,") a court 

where causes are heard and determined. 
Terminol'ogy, *. a definition of the terms- 
used in any of the sciences. 
Termin'thus, s. a kind of tumor. 
Ter'niinus, ». a bound, a limit, the end. 
Term'less, a. unlimited, boundless. 
Term'lv, ad. term by term ; every term. 
Terms, s. pi. conditions, stipulations. 
Tern 'ate, a. having three leaflets 
Ter'nary. a. proceeding by threes ; consist- 
ing of three : s. the number three. 
Ter'race, s. a bank of earth-; a raised walk ; 

the fiat roof of a house. 
Ter'race, v. to form into a terrace. 
Ter'rapin, s. a kind of tortoise. 
Terra'queous. a. composed of land and water, 
Terre'ne, s. the surface of the earth. 
Terre'ne, s. pertaining to the earth. 
Ter'reous, a. consisting of earth. 
Terres'trial, s. pertaining to the earth. 
Terres'triallv, ad. after an earthly manner. 
Ter'rible, a. dreadful, formidable, frightfak 
Ter'riblene s. s. quality of being terrible 
Ter'ribly, ad. in a terrible manner. 



TER 



301 



THE 



TerVier. s. a dog that follows his game under 

ground or into holes. 
Terrific, a. dreadful, causing terror. 
Te/rify, v. to fright, to make afraid. 
Tern"gcnous, a. earth-born 
Territo'ria), a. belonging to a territory. 
Territorially, ad. in regard to territory. 
Ter'ritory, s. land, country, dominion. 
Ter'ror, s. great fear, dread, cause of fear. 
Terse, a. neat; neatly written, elegant. 
Ter'sely, ad. neatly, elegantly. 
Ter'seness, *. smoothness or neatness of style. 
Ter'tian, a. returning every third day: s. a 

fever returning every other day. 
Ter'tiary, a. third : of the third formation. 
Ter'tiate, v. to do the third time. 
Tes'selate, v. to form into little squares ; to 

lay with chequered work. 
Tes'selated, a. variegated by squares. 
Tessera'ic, a. variegated ; tesselated. 
Test, s. the cupel or vessel in which refiners 

try metals; trial, examination, a proof, a 

standard ; an oath or declaration. 
Test, v. to try by a standard. 
Test'able, a. capable of witnessing. 
Testa'ceous, a. consisting of shells; relating 

or pertaining to shells. 
Tes'tament, J. a will ; a name given to each 

of the two volumes of the Scriptures, as 

the Old and New Testatnent. 
Testamen'tary, a. relating to a will. 
Testamentation, s. the giving by will. 
Tes'tate, a. having made a will. 
Testa'tion. s. witness, evidence. 
Testa'tor, s. one who leaves a will. 
Tcsta'trix, s. a woman who leaves a will. 
Test'ed, a. tried by a test; witnessed. 
Tes'ter, s. the head or top of a bed ; also, an 

old coin of the value of sixpence. 
Tes'ticle, s. a term in anatomy. 
Test ilica't ion, s. the act of witnessing. 
Testificator, s. one who witnesses. 
Testifier, s. one who testifies. 
Tes'tify, v. to witness, to certify, to prove. 
Tes'tily, ad. peevishly, petulantly. 
Testimonial, *. a writing or certificate in 

evidence of character. 
Tes'timony, s. open attestation ; proof by a 

witness, evidence ; profession. 
Tes'tiness, s. peevishness, waywardness. 
Test'ing, 5. the act of trying the proof. 
Tes'ty, a. fretful, peevish, wayward. 
Testu'dinal, a. pertaining to a tortoise. 
Testu'do. s. a tortoise ; an arched roof. 
Testudin'eous, a. like the shell of a tortoise. 
Tet'anus, s. the lock-jaw. 
Tete, [Fr.] s. false hair, a lady's wig. 
Tete-a-tete, [Fr.] s. head to head; a private 
. conversation between two persons. 
Teth'er, j. a rope to confine a beast at pas- 
ture within certain limits: v. to confine 

with a tether. 
Te'trad, s. the number four collectively. 
Tet'ragon, s. a figure with four angles. 
Tetrag'onal, «. having four angles. 
Totram'eter, s. a verse consisting of four 

feet: a. having four metrical feet. 
Tetrapet'alous, a. having four petals. 
Tetraph'yllous, a. having four leaves. 
Te'trarch, s. a Roman governor of the fourth 

part of a province; a petty king. 



Tetrar'chate, Tet'rarchy, s. government ©f 

jurisdiction of a tetrarch. 
Tetrar'chical, a. belonging to a tetrarchy, 
Tetrasper'mous, a. containing four seeds. 
Tetras'tich, s. a stanza of four lines. 
Tet'rastyle, s. a facade with four pillars. 
Tetrasyllable, s. a word of four syllables. 
Tet'rical, a froward. perverse, sour. 
Tetri"eity, ?. sourness, perverseness. 
Tet'ter, s. scab, scurf; ringworm. 
Tet'ter, v. to infect with a tetter. 
Teuton'ic, a. pertaining to the Teutones or 

ancient Germans: *. the language of the 

Teutones. 
Tew'el, j. a pipe at the back of a forge. 
Tew'-taw. v. to beat as flax, to break. 
Text, s. that On which a comment is written, 

a sentence of Scripture. 
Text'-book, s. a book containing heads or 

leading principles of a science. 
TeM'-hand, s. a large kind of writing. 
Tex'tile, a. woven, that may be woven. 
Texto'rial, a. belonging to weaving. 
Tex'trine, a. pertaining to weaving. 
Tex'tual, a. contained in the text. 
Tex'tually, ad. in the body of a work. 
Tex'tuary, s. one ready in citing texts of 

Scripture; a well-informed divine ; called 

also Tex'tualist and Tex'utst. 
Tex'tuary, a. contained in the text; serving 

as a text; authoritative. 
Tex'ture. s. a weaving ; the thing woven, & 

web; disposition of the parts of bodies. 
Than, conj. a particle used in comparison. 
Thane, s. an old title of honor, a baron. 
Tha'neship, s. office and dignity of a thane. 
Thank, v. to return acknowledgments for 

any favor or kindness. 
Thank'ful, a. giving thanks, grateful. 
Thank'fully, ad. gratefully. 
Thank'fulness, .?. the outward expression of 

a grateful feeling, gratitude. 
Thankless, a. ungrateful, unthankful. 
Thank'lessness, s. ingratitude. 
Thanks, s. acknowledgment in words return- 
ed for a favor or kindness. 
Thanksgiv'er, s. one who gives thanks. 
Thanksgiv'ing, s. the act of giving thanks. 
That, pr. dem. not This, but the other: rel. 

pr. Who or Which : conj. noting a cause 

or consequence. 
Thatch, s. straw used as covering for the roof 

of a house : v . to cover with thatch. 
Thatch 'er, s. one who thatches. 
Thaumatur'gical. a. exciting wonder. * 
Thau'maturgy, s. wonder-working. 
Thaw, v. to melt, to dissolve. 
Thaw, s. the dissolution of a frost. 
The. the definite article ; so called, because 

it defines or particularizes the noun to 

which it is rrcrixed. See A. 
The'atral, a. belonging to a theatre. 
The'atre, *. a place for dramatic representa- 
tions, a playhouse ; the scene of action. 
Theat'ric, Theat'rical, a. suiting a theatre. 
Theat'rically, ad. in a theatrical manner. 
Thee, pr. the objective case of Thou. 
Theft, s. act of stealing ; the thing stolen. 
Their, pr. belonging to them. 
The'ism, s. the acknowledgment of a God% 

as opposed to Atheism. 



THE 



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thi 



The'ist, $. one who maintains Theism. 
Theis'tic. Theis'tical, a. of Theism. 
Them, pr. the objectire case of They. 
Theme, s. a subject or topic of discourse. 
Themsei'ves, pr. the emphatic form of Them. 
Then, ad. at that time, in that case. 
Thence, ad. from that place, for that reason. 
Then'oeforth, ad. from that time. 
Thencefor'ward. ad. on from that time. 
Theoc'racy, s. government immediately un- 
der the direction of God. 
Theocraf ical, a. relating to theocracy. 
Theod'olite, *. a mathematical instrument 

used in surveying. 
Theog'ony, s. the generation of the gods. 
Theol'ogaster, s. a quack in divinity. 
Theolo'gian, s. a professor of divinity. 
Theolo"gic, Theolo"gieal, a. relating to the- 
ology or divinity. 
Theoh/'gicaliy, ad. according to theology. 
Theol'ogist, The'ologue, s. a divine. * 

Theol'ogize, v. to render theological. 
Theol'ogy, s. the science of divinity. 
Theom'achy, s. a fighting against the gods; 

opposition to the Divine will. 
Theor'bo, s. a large lute used in Italy. 
Theorem, j. a proposition to be proved by a 

chain of reasoning. 
Theoremat'io, Theoremat'ical, Theorem'ic, 

a. comprised or consisting in theorems. 
Theoret'ic, Theoretical, a. pertaining to 

theory ; speculative. 
Theoretically, ad. in theory, speculatively. 
The'orist, s. one who theorizes. 
The'orize, v. to form theories ; to speculate. 
The'ory, s. speculation, not practice, a 

scheme, a plan, a system. 
Theosoph'ic, a. divinely wise. 
Theos'ophy, s. divine wisdom. 
Therapeu'tic, Therapeu'tical, a. curative; 

teaching the cure of diseases. 
Therapeu'tics, s pi. that part of medicine 
which treats of the discovery and applica- 
tion of remedies. 
There, ad. in that place. 
Thereabout', Thereabouts', ad. near that 

place ; near that number or quantity. 
Thereafter, ad. accordingly; after that. 
Thereat', ad at that place ; at that. 
Thereby', ad. by that; near that place. 
There'fore, ad. for that ; consequently. 
Therefrom', ad. from that, from this. 
Therein', ad. in that, in this. 
The^nto', ad. into that, into this. 
Thereof, ad. of that, of this. 
Thereon', Thereupon', ad. on that, on this. 
Thereout', ad. out of that. 
Thereto', Thereunto', ad. to that or this. 
Thereun'der, ad. under that. 
Therewith', ad. with that : immediately. 
Therewithal', ad. over and above; with that 
The'riac, s. a medicine against poison. 
Theri'acal, a. medicinal, physical. 
Ther'mal, a. relating to warm baths. 
Thormom'eter, s. an instrument for measur- 
ing the degrees of warmth or temperature. 
Thormomct'rical, a. relating or pertaining to 

a thermometer. 
Ihormomet'rically, ad. by means of a ther- 
mometer. 
Tficr'moscope, s. a kind of a thermometer. 



These, pr. the piural of This. 
The'sis, s. a position, a subject, a theme 
Thet'ical, a. laid down ; proposed. 
Theur'gic, TL.eur'gical,a. relating to theurgy. 
The'urgist, s. one who pretends to theurgy 
The'urgy, s. the power of doing superna- 
tural things by Divine assistance. 
They, pr. the plural of He, She, and It. 
Thick, s. the thickest part. 
Thick, a. not thin, dense, gross; muddy; 

close, crowded, frequent; dull, stupid. 
Thick, ad. frequently, closely, deeply. 
Thick'ly, ad. densely, closely ; deeply. 
Thick'en, v. to make or grow thick. 
Thick'ening, s. that which makes thicker. 
Thick'et, s. a close wood or copse. 
Thick'head, s. a dull stupid fellow. 
Thickhead'ed, a. having a thick head ; dull. 
Thick'ish, a. somewhat thick, dull. 
Thick'ness, s. density, closeness; dulncss. 
I Thick'set, a. thickly or closely planted 
j Thick'skin, s. a coarse gross man. 
j Thick'skull, s. a dolt, a blockhead. 
j Thick'skulled, a. dull, stupid. 
I Thief, s. one who steals another's property. 
j Thief-catcher, Thief-taker, ,?. one who 
j catches or takes thieves ; a policeman. 
j Thieve, v. to steal, to practise theft. 
i Thiev'ery, s. the practice of stealing ; theft. 
i Thiev'ish, a. given to stealing; secret, sly. 

Thiev'ishly, ad. like a thief. 
! Thiev'ishness, s. disposition to steal. 
! Thigh, j. the part of a limb between the 
knee and the body or trunk. 
Thill, s. the shafts of a waggon or cart. 
Thill'-horse, s. a horse between the shafts. 
j Thim'ble, s. a metal cover for the linger used 

in sewing. 
I Thin, a. not thick, slender, lean, slim, 

slight, small; not close, rare. 
| Thin, v. to make thin; to make less crowded. 

Thine, pr. belonging to thee. 
! Thing, s. whatever is, not a person ; an event 
or occurrence ; a substance ; the most ge- 
neral word. 
! Think, v. to have ideas, to fancy, to muse. 
j Think'er, j. one who thinks much. 
i Think'ing, s. judgment, imagination. 
J Think'ing, a. having the faculty of thought. 
Thinly, ad. not thickly, not numerously. 
Thin'ness, s. state or quality of being thin. 
Third, a. the ordinal of three : $. a third 

part ; the sixtieth part of a second. 
Third'ly, ad. in the third place. 
Thirl, v. See Thrill. 

Thirst, s. the pain suffered for want of drink ; 
eager desire : v. to feel want of drink ■ 
to have an eager desire. 
Thirsti'ness, s. the state of being thirsty. 
Thirst'y, a. suffering want of drink. 
Thir'teen, a. three and ten. 
Thir'teenth, a. the ordinal of thirteen 
Thirtieth, a. the ordinal of thirty. 
Tliir'ty, a. thrice ten. 
This, pr. that which is present, or is now 

mentioned ; the last mentioned. 
This'tle, s. a prickly weed growing in fields 
Thist'ly, a. overgrown with thistles. 
Thith'er, ad. to that place; to that end. 
Thith'erto, ad. to that end, so far. 
Tiiith'crward, ud. toward that place. 



THO 



303 



TIIU 



Thom'ist, s. a schoolman following the opi- 
nion of Thomas Aquinas. 
Thong, s. a strap or string of leather. 
Thora"cic, a. belonging to the breast. 
Tho'ral, a. relating to the breast. 
Tho'rax, s. the inward part of the breast. 
Thorn, s. a prickly tree; a prickle; any 

thing that gives pain or annoyance. 
Thorn'-back, s. a sea-fish. 
Thorn'-bush, s. a shrub that produces thorns. 
Thom'less, a. destitute of thorns. 
Thorn'y, a. full of thorns ; perplexing. 
Thor'ough, a. complete, perfect; passing 

through : pr. through, from side to side. 
Thor'ough-bass, s. a musical term. 
Thor'ough-bred, a. fully bred. 
Thor'oughfare, s. a passage through a place. 
Thor'oughly, ad. completely, fully. 
Thor'ough-paced, a. perfect, complete. 
Thor'ough-stitch, ad. completely, fully. 
Those, pr. the plural of That. 
Thou, pr. thyself, the person addressed. 
Thou, v. to address contemptuously. 
Though, conj. although, however. 
Thought, the past tense of the verb Think. 
Thought, s. the act of thinking; an idea, 

opinion, sentiment, reflection; design; 

concern, solicitude. 
Thought'ful, a. contemplative, careful. 
Thought' fully, ad. with thought; with care. 
Thought'fulness, s. anxiety, solicitude. 
Thought'less, a. airy, gay, careless; dull. 
Thoughtlessly, ad. without thought. 
Thoughtlessness, s. want of thought. 
Thought'sick, a. uneasy with reflection. 
Thou'sand, a. ten hundred : s. the number 

ten hundred, any great number. 
Thousandth, a. the ordinal of a thousand. 
Thowl, s. the place or pin in the gunnel of 

a boat for the oar to turn in. 
Thral'dom, s. slavery, servitude, bondage. 
Thrall, s. a slave; slavery: a. bond; subject. 
Thrall, v. to enslave, to enthral. 
Thrash, v. totlnesh; to drub or beat soundly. 
Thrasonical, a. (like Thraso, in Terence's 

play,) boastful, bragging. 
Thrason'ically, ad. boasting! y. 
Thread, s. a small line or twist of flax, silk, 

&c. ; a filament; any thing continued in 

a course ; uniform tenor ; part of a screw. 
Thread, v. to pass a thread through. 
Thread'bare, a. worn to the bare threads, 

without nap ; trite. 
Thread'bareness, s. the oeing threadbare. 
Thread'en, a. made of thread. 
Thread')-, a. like thread ; containing thread. 
Threat, s. a menace, denunciation of ill. 
Threat'en, v. to menace, to denounce evil. 
Threat'ener, s. one who threatens. 
Threat'ening, a. menacing : s. a menace. 
Thrcat'eninglv, ad. with menaces. 
Threat'ful, a.' full of threats. 
Three, a. two and one. 
Three'-cornered, a. having three corners. 
Three'fold, a. thrice repeated. 
Threepence, s. the sum of three pence. 
Threepenny, a. worth the sum ofthreepence. 
Three'-pile, s. an old name for good velvet. 
Three'score, a. thrice twenty, sixty. 
Thren'ody, s. a song of lamentation. 
Thresh, v. to beat corn, to beat soundly. 



Thresh'er, s. one who threshes; the name of 

a fish, called also the sea-fox. 
Thresh'ing-floor, s. a floor or area on which 

grain is beaten out from the straw. 
Thresh'old, s. the door sill; door; entrance. 
Thrice, ad. three times; at three times. 
Thrid, v. to slide through a narrow passage. 
Thrift, s. profit ; prosperity ; frugality. 
Thriftily, ad. frugally; carefully. 
Thrift'iness, s. frugality; husbandry. 
Thriftless, a. extravagant, profuse. 
Thrift'y, a. frugal, sparing, economical. 
Thrill, v. (to drill,) to pierce, to penetrate; 

to pierce or wound the ear with a sharp 

sound ; to feel a sharp tingling sensation. 
Thrill, s. a piercing sound; a breathing hole. 
Thrive, v. to prosper, to grow rich. 
Thri'ver, s. one that prospers. 
Thri'ving, a. growing, increasing, flourishing, 
Thri'vingly, ad. in a prosperous way 
Thri'vingness, s. growth, prosperity. 
Throat, s. the fore part of the neck. 
Throb, s. a heave, a palpitation. 
Throb, v. to heave, to beat, to palpitate. 
Throb'bing, s. the act of palpitating ; a pal- 
pitation. 
Throe, s. the pain of travail in childbirth ; 

extreme pain, agony. 
Throne, *. the chair of state of a king or 

bishop; sovereign power or dignity: v. to 

enthrone. 
Throng, s. a crowd ; a dense multitude : v. 

to crowd; to incommode by pressure. 
Thronging, s. the act of crowding together. 
Thros'tle, s. the thrush. 
Throt'tle, s. the windpipe. 
Throt'tle, v. to choke, to suffocate. 
Through, prep, passing from side to side, or 

end to end ; by means of. 
Through, ad. to the final conclusion. 
Throughout', a. quite through, in every part: 

ad. everywhere. 
Throw, s. the act of casting or throwing. 
Throw, v. to cast, to fling, to toss, to over- 
turn ; to whirl ; to twist silk by throwing 

or whirling. 
Throw'er, s. one that throws. 
Throw'ster, s. one who throws or twists silk. 
Thrum, s. the ends of a weaver's thread ; 

any coarse yarn. 
Thrum, v. to weave, to knot, to twist. 
Thrum, v. to play coarsely, as a guitar. 
Thrush, s. a singing bird; a disorder. 
Thrust, v. to push, to drive, to stab. 
Thrust, J. a push, an assault, a stab. 
Thrus'tle. See Throstle. 
Thumb, s. the short thick finger of the 

human hand. 
Thumb, v. to handle awkwardly. . 
Thumbed, a. soiled with the thumb. 
Thum'bstall, s. a sheath of leather for the 

thumb ; a thimble. 
Thump, s. a dull, hard, heavy blow. 
Thump, v. to beat with heavy blows. 
Thump'er, s. one who, or that which thumps, 
Thun'der, s. the loud noise that follows a 

discharge or explosion of electrical fluid in 

the atmosphere. 
Thun'der, v. to discharge electrical fluid 

with noise ; to make a loud and terrific 

noise ; to publish a denunciation. 



THU 



304 



TIM 



Thutf derbolt, s. a shaft of lightning. 
Thun'der-clap, s. an explosion of thunder. 
Thun'der-c'.oud, s. a cloud charged or filled 

with electricity. 
Thun'derer, s. one that thunders. 
Thun'deriug, a. loud, noisy, terrible. 
Thun'derolis, a. producing thunder. 
Thun'der-shoWer, s. heavy rain with thunder. 
Thun'der-stone, s. a stone, erroneously sup- 
posed to be emitted by thunder. 
Thun'der-storm, s. a storm attended with 

thunder and lightning. 
Thttn'derstrike, v. to blast with lightning; 

to strike dumb, to astonish. 
Thun'dorstiuck. a. blasted by lightning; 

astonished, amazed. 
Thu'rible, s. a pan to burn incense in. 
Thurifioa'tion, s. the act of burning incense. 
Thurs'day, s. the fifth day of the week. 
Thus, ad. in this manner, to this extent. 
Thwack, v. to strike, to thrash, to bang. 
Thwack, s. a heavy blow, a bang. 
Thwart, a. transverse, perverse. 
Thwart, v. to cross, to traverse; to oppose. 
Thwart'ing, s. the act of crossing or opposing. 
Thwart'ingly, ad. so as to thwart. 
Thy, pr. belonging to thee. 
Thyme, s. a fragrant plant. 
Thy'my, a. abounding with thyme. 
Thyr'sns, s. the sceptre of Bacchus. 
.Thyself, pr. the reciprocal or emphatic form 

of Thou or Thee. 
Tiara, s. a diadem,. a dress for the head. 
Tib'ia, s. the larger bone of the leg. 
Tib'ial, a. relating to the tibia. 
Tick, *. a score, account; trust, credit. 
Tick, s. a caver or case for a bed. 
Tick, s. the louse of dogs or sheep. 
Tick, v. to run on score, to trust. 
Tick'en, Tick'ing, s. cloth for bed- cases. 
Tick'et, s. a token of any right or debt; an 

admission card. 
Tick'et, v. to distinguish by a ticket. 
Tick'le, v. to cause to laugh by titillation ; 

to please by slight gratifications. 
Tickler, s. one who tickles. 
Tick'ling, s. the act of causing to laugh by 

slight touches. 
Tiek'iish, a. easily tickled ; uncertain, nice. 
Tick'Jishness, s. the state of being ticklish; 

uncertainty as to the result. 
Tick-tack, s. See Trick-track. 
Tid, a. tender, soft, nice, delicate. 
Tid'bit, Tif bit, s. a dainty ; a nice morsel. 
Tid'dle, v. to use tenderly, to fondle. 
Tide, s. time, season; ebb and flow of the 

sea; course, stream. 
Tide, v. to pour a flood ; to flow as a tide. 
Ti'de-gatc, s. a gate through which the tide 

passes into a basin. 
Ti de-mill, s. a mill turned by tide-water. 
Ti'de- waiter, s. a custom-house officer who 

waits for the arrival of ships, to take charge 

of the duties. 
Ti'de-way, s. the channel in which the tide 

sets or runs. 
Ti'dily, ad. in a tidy manner. 
Ti'diness, s. state of being tidy. 
Ti'dings, s. news, intelligence, information. 
Ti'dy, a. timely, seasonable, neat, and clean, 

spruce ; in good order. 



Tie, s. a knot, a fastening; an obligation. 

Tic, v. to bind, to fasten, to knit. 

Tier, s. a row or rank. 

Tierce, s. (literally a third,) a third part of a 
pipe, or forty-two gallons. 

Tier'cel, Tier'celet, s. the male hawk. 

Tier'cet, s. a triplet or three lines. 

Tiff, s. liquor, drink. 

Tiff, s. a pet, a quarrel. 

Tiff, v. to be in a pet; to quarrel. 

Tiffany, s. a very thin kind of silk. 

Tiffin, s. a luncheon, a slight repast. 

Ti'ger, s. a fierce beast of prey. 

Tight, a. tense, close, not loose. 

Ti'gbten, v. to make tight, to make close. 

Ti'ghtly, ad. closely, neatly; not idly. 

Tightness, s. tenseness, closeness, not loose- 
ness; neatness. 

Ti'gress, s. the female of the tiger. 

Ti'grine, Ti'grish, a. like a tiger. 

Tike, s. rustic ; a dog, a cur. 

Tile, 5. a plate or piece of baked clay used 
for covering buildings. 

Tile, v. to cover with tile. 

Ti'ler, s. one whose trade is to cover houses 
with tiles ; a freemason's porter. 

Ti'ling, s. tiles; a roof covered with tiles. 

Till, s. the money-box in a shop. 

Till, v. to cultivate, to plough. 

Till. prep, to the time of, to: ad. to the 
time when, to the degree that. 

Til'Iable, a. arable; fit for the plough. 

Til'lage, s. culture of land, husbandry. 

Tiller, s. one who tills, a husbandman. 

Til'ler, s. the handle of a rudder. 

Tilt, v. to set in a sloping position, as a bar- 
rel ; to fall on one side. 

Tilt, s. inclination forward. 

Tilt, v. to point at with a lance or other 
weapon ; to run or ride and thrust with a 
lance; to fight: s. a military game in 
which the combatants tilt at each other 
with lances on horseback. 

Tilt, s. a canvass covering over head. 

Tilt, v. to cover with a tilt. 

Tilf-boat, s. a boat covered with a tilt. 

Tilt'er, s. one who tilts ; one who fights. 

Tilth, s. tilled land; husbandry. 

Tim/ber, s. wood fit for building. 

Tim'ber, v. to furnish with beams. 

Tim'bered, a. furnished with timber. 

Tim'ber-merchant, s. a merchant who deals 
in timber. 

Tim'ber-sow, s. a worm that breeds in wood. 

Tim'ber-tree, s. a tree suitable for timber. 

Tim'ber-work, J. work formed of wood. 

Tim'ber-yard, s. a place for timber. 

Tim'bre, s. a crest on a coat of arms. 

Tim'brel, s a kind of musical instrument. 

Time, s. the measure of duration, space, in- 
terval ; season, age; the present life; an 
age ; repetition ; musical measure. 

Time, v. to regulate, to measure, to adapt to 
the time ; to do at the proper time. 

Ti'meful, a. seasonable, timely, early. 

Ti'mely, ad. early, soon. 

Ti'mist, s. (in music) a performer who keeps 
good time; a time-server. 

Ti'mekeeper, Ti'mepiece, s. a clock or watch 
that keeps good time. 

Ti'meless, a. unseasonable, endless 






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CTi'melcssly, nd. unseasonably. 
Ti'meliness, s. the state of being timely. 
Ti'mcly, a. seasonable, sufficiently early. 
Ti'me-server, *. one who meanly suits his 

opinions and actions to the times. 
Ti'me-serving, s. obsequious compliance 

with the present times or power. 
Ti'me-serving, a. meanly complying with 

present power ; servile, obsequious. 
Ti'me-worn, a. impaired by time. 
Tim'id, a. fearful, wanting courage. 
Timid'ity, s. tearfulness, timorousness. 
Timidly, ad. in a timid manner. 
Tim'orous, a. full of fears; scrupulous. 
Tim'orously, ad. with much fear. 
Tim'orousness, s. tearfulness, timidity. 
Ti'mous, a. early, timely. 
Tin, s a kind of common white metal. 
Tin, v. to cover with tin. 
Tinct, s. a color, a stain, a die. 
Tinot, v. to stain, to color, to imbue. 
Tinc'ture, s. a tinge or shade of color; a 
slight taste superadded; a slight quality 
added ; an extract of a drug : v. to imbue 
with color or taste; to imbue the mind. 
Tin'der, s. something inflammable used for 

kindling from a spark. 
Tiii'der-box, s. a box for holding tinder. 
Tine, s. a tooth of a harrow ; woe, distress. 
Tine, v. to kindle, to inflame ; to rage. 
Tin'foil, s. tin reduced to a thin leaf. 
Ting, s. a sharp sound, as of a little bell: v. 

to ring or sound as a bell. 
Tinge, s. a slight color or dye; taste. 
Tinge, v. to imbue with something foreign; 

to dye slightly. 
Tin'gent, a. having the power to tinge. 
Tingle, v. to have a tinging or tinkling in 
the ears, to feel a sharp tingling sensation. 
Ting'ling, s. a tinging or tinkling; a thrill, 

with noise in the ears. 
Tink, v. to make a sharp shrill noise. 
Tink'er, s. a mender of pans, &c. 
Tink'crly, ad. in the manner of a tinker. 
Tin'kle, v. to make a sharp quick noise ; to 
tink, to tingle, to clink: s. a sharp shrill 
noise, a clink. 
Tink'Jing, s. a sharp quick noise, a tingling. 
Tiu'man. s. a manufacturer of tin. 
Tin'ner, s. one who works in the tin mines. 
Tin'ning, s. the coating of metals with tin. 
Tin'ny, a. abounding with tin. 
Tin'sel, a. showy, specious, superficial. 
Tin'sel, s. a shining cloth, or a very thin 
metallic plate, showy and glittering, but 
of little value ; any thing of like qualities. 
Tin'sel, v. to decorate as with tinsel. 
Tint, s. a hue, a color: v. to tinge, to color. 
Tintinnab'ulary, a. sounding like a bell. 
Ti'ny, a little, small, puny, diminutive. 
Tip, s. the top, end, point, extremity ; v. to 
cover on the top or end ; to tap or strike 
lightly. 
Tip'pet, s. something worn about the i;eck. 
Tip'plc, v. to drink often or habitually : s. 

drink, liquor. 
Tip'pler, s. a sot, a drunkard. 
Tip'pling, s. frequent drinking, muddling. 
Tip'staif, s. an officer with a staff tipped 

with metal ; a constable. 
Tip'sy, a. drunk, fuddled. 



Tip'toe, s. the end of the toe. 

Tip'top, a. most excellent: s. the summit 

the highest degree. 
Tira'de, s. a strain of invective. 
Tire, v. to weary, to fatigue ; to become 

weary ; to fail with weariness. 
Tire, s. a head-dress. 
Tire, v. to dress the head. 
Ti'redness, *. state of being tired ; weariness. 
Ti'resome, a. wearisome, fatiguing. 
Ti'resomeness, s. quality of being tiresome. 
Ti'rewoman, s. a woman who makes dresses 

for the head, a milliner. 
Ti'ring-room, s. the room in which players 

dress for the stage. 
Tis'sue, s. cloth interwoven with gold or sil- 
ver, or figured colors ; texture, a series. 
Tis'sue, v. to interweave ; to variegate. 
Tit, s. any thing very small ; a small horse. 
Tita'nium, s. a newly discovered copper- 
colored mineral. 
Ti'thable, a. subject to the payment of tithes. 
Tithe, s. the tenth part; the part assigned 

for the maintenance of the clergy. 
Tithe, v. to levy the tenth part. 
Ti'the-free, a. exempt from tithe. 
Ti'ther, J. one who gathers tithes. 
Ti'thing, .v. a part of a parish, a district. 
Ti'thingman, s. a petty peace officer. 
Titillate, v. to tickle. 
Titilla'tion, s. the act of tickling. 
Tit'-lark, s. a small bird of the lark species, 
Ti'tle, s. an inscription placed over some- 
thing, as a name ; a name ; a name of 
honor; the page of a book on which the 
name is inscribed; a document by which 
a right to something is proved ; a claim or 
ground of right. 
Ti'tle, v. to entitle, to name, to call. 
Ti'tled, a. having a title. 
Ti'tle-page, s. the page containing the title. 
Tit'mouse, s. a small species of bird. 
Tit'tcr, s. a restrained laugh. 
Tit'ter, v. to laugh with restraint. 
Tit'tle, s. a particle, a point, a dot 
Tit'tle-tattle, s. idle talk, prattle, gabble. 
Tit'tle-tattle, v. to prate idly. 
Tit'tle-tattling, s. the act of prattling idly. 
Tituba'tion, s. the act of stumbling. 
Tit'ular, a. nominal, having only the name. 
Titular'ity, s. the state of being titular. 
Tit'ularly, ad. nominally; by title only. 
Tit'ulary, a. consisting in a title; relating 
to a title : s. one that has a title or right. 
To, prep, noting motion towards ; in the 

direction of ; end, object ; addition. 
To, ad. the sign of the infinitive mood. 
Toad, s. an animal resembling a frog; but 

the frog leaps, the toad crawls. 
Toad'eater, *. a servile sycophant. 
Toad'fish, *. a kind of sea-fish. 
Toad'fiax, s. the name of a plant. 
Toad'stone, s. a concrotion supposed to be 

found in the head of a toad. 
Toad'stool, .s. a plant like a mushroom. 
Toast, v. to dry at the fire ; to propose a 

toast or health to be drunk. 
Toast, s. bread toasted; a health proposed; 

a lady whose health is often toasted. 
Toast'er, s. he who or that which toasts. 
Tobac'co, s. a plant used for smoking. 



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Tobae'conist, s. a vender of tobacco. 
Tobac'co-pipe, s. a pipe used for smoking. 
Toc'sin, s. a public alarm bell. 
Tod, s. a bushy mass ; a thick shrub ; a fox, 

from his b.ishy tail. 
Tod, s. a weight of 28 lbs. of wool. 
To-day, s. the day now present. 
Tod'die, v. to saunter about feebly. 
Tod'dy, s. a juice procured from a certain 

species of palm ; a mixture of spirits and 

water sweetened. 
Toe, s. a part of the foot. 
To'ga, s. a kind of loose cloak or gown with- 
out sleeves worn by the Romans. 
To'gated, To'ged, a. gowned. 
Togeth'er, ad. not apart, in company. 
Toil, a 1 , labour, fatigue.: v. to labour hard. 
Toil, s. a net, a snare. 
Toil'er, s. one who toils. 
Toi'let, s. a dressing-table. 
Toil'ful, a. laborious, full of toil. 
Toil'some, a. laborious, wearisome. 
Toil'someness, s. iabi>viousness. 
Toise, s. a French measure, about a fathom. 
Tokay', s. a wine from Tokay, in Hungary. 
To'ken, s. a mark, a sign, a remembrance. 
To'ken, t . to make known. 
Told. v. See the verb Tell. 
Tole, v. to draw by degrees; to allure. 
Tole'do, s. a sword of the finest temper, 

manufactured in Toledo, in Spain. 
Tol'erable, a. endurable : passable, 
fol'erableness, s. state of being tolerable. 
Tol'erably, ad. passably ; moderately well. 
Tol'erance, s. the act or power of enduring. 
Tol'erant, a. favorable to toleration. 
ToKerate, v. to allow by not hindering, to 

endure, to suffer ; to permit. 
Tol'eration, s. sufferance, permission; the 

act of tolerating ; allowance of that which 

is not approved. 
Toll, v. (in law) to vacate ; to annul. 
Toll, v. to sound a bell with solemn pauses: 

s. the sound of a bell that tolls. 
Toll, s. a tax paid for some liberty or privi- 
lege. : v. to pay or take toll. 
Toll'bar, s. a bar to stop vehicles where toll 

is to be paid. 
Toll'-booth, s. a custom-house; a prison. 
Toll'-bridge, s. a bridge where toll is i-aid. 
Toll'-dish, s. a vessel by which the toll of 

corn for grinding is measured. 
Toil'er, s. one who tolls. 
Toll'-gate, s. a gate where toll is taken. 
Toll'-gatherer, s. the officer that takes toll. 
Toll'-house, s. the office of the toll-gat herer. 
Toluta'tion, s. the act of ambling or pacing. 
Tom'ahawk, s. an Indian hatchet: v., to cut 

or kill with a tomahawk. 
Tomb, s. a sepulchre for the dead, a vault. 
Tomb, v. to bury, to entomb. 
Tom'bac, s. a white alloy of copper. 
Tomb'less, a. wanting^, tomb, unburied. 
Tom'boy, s. a romping girl. 
Tomb'stone, s. a stone laid over the dead. 
Tome, s. a volume ; a book. 
To-mor'row, s. the day following to-day. 
Tom'pion, s. the stopper of a cannon. 
Tomtit', s. a titmouse ; a small bird. 
Ton, s. a weight of 20 cwt. 
Ton, [Fr.] s. Uie fashion, the mode. 



Tone, s. originally tension, elasticity; sound 
as from a musical chord ; a note ; accent ; 
an affected sound in speaking ; a whine. 

Tone, v. to utter in an affected tone. 

To'ned, a. having a tone. 

To'neless, a. without tone. 

Tongs, s. a utensil to take up fire, &c. 

Tongue, s. the organ of speech in human 
beings ; speech, language ; a point or pro- 
jection of land. 

Tongue, v. to chide, to scold, to prato. 

Tongued, a. having a tongue. 

Tongue'less, s. speechless; unnamed. 

Tongue'tie, v. to render unable to speak. 

Totigue'tied, a. unable to speak freely. 

Ton'ic, a. producing tension, giving tone or 
strength ; relating to sounds: s. a tonic or 
strengthening medicine. 

To-night', s. this, or the approaching night. 

Ton'nage, *. the contents of a vessel mea- 
sured by the ton ; a duty on every ton. 

Ton'sile, a. that may be clipped. 

Ton'sil, s. one of the two round glands placed 
at the sides of the basis of the tongue. 

Ton'sure, s. the act of clipping or shaving 
hair ; the state of being shorn. 

Tonti'ne, s. a loan raised on life annuities, 
with the benefit of survivorship ; named 
from Tonti, the inventor. 

To'ny, s. a simpleton, in cant language. 

Too, ad. overmuch, more than enough ; also. 

Tool, s. any instrument of manual operation ; 
a person used as an instrument by another. 

Toot, v. to sound as a flute. 

Toot'er, s. one who plays upon a pipe. 

Tooth, s. one of the bones set in the jaw for 
mastication; taste, palate; any thing re- 
sembling a tooth, a prong, a tine; the 
prominent parts of a wheel by which they 
catch corresponding parts. 

Tooth, v. to furnish with teeth; to indent. 

Tooth'ache, *. a pain in the teeth. 

Tooth'-drawer, s. one whose business is to 
extract painful teeth, a dentist. 

Tooth-draw'ing, s. the actof extracting teeth. 

Toothed, a. having teeth ; like a tooth. 

Toothless, a. wanting or deprived of teeth. 

Tooth'pick, s. an instrument by which any 
thing is taken from between the teeth. 

Tooth'some, a. palatable. 

Tooth'someness, s. palatableness. 

Top, s. the highest part; the surface; the 
highest place ; the utmost degree. 

Top, v. to rise above, to surpass ; to tip re- 
cover the top ; to crop, or take the top off. 

Top, s. a boy's plaything. 

To'paz, s. a yellow gem. 

Tope, v. to drink hard or to excess. 

To'per, s. a hard drinker, a sot, a drunkard. 

Top'full, a. full to the brim or top; any 
thing elevated or splendid. 

Top-gal'lant, a. very high, elevated, splen- 
did, (usually applied to that part of the 
mast of a ship which is higher than the 
T< p-mast.) 

Topha'ceous, a. gritty, stony, sandy. 

Top-heav'y, a. having the upper part too 
weighty for the lower: tipsy. 

Top'ic, s. a subject of discourse: a genera] 
head, a principle or ground of persuasion, 

Top'ical, a. local, confined to some place. 



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Top'ically, ad. in a topical manner. 
Top'knot, s. a knot worn on the head. 
Top'Iess, a. having no top ; supreme. 
Top'mast, s. the next above the lower mast. 
Top'most, a. uppermost, highest. 
Topog'rapber, s. a writer of topography. 
Topograph'ic, Topograph'ical, a. describing 

particular places. 
Topog'raphy, s. a description of particular 

places, as of a parish, town, manor, &c. 
Topped, r covered on the top. 
Top'ping, a. fine, gallant, in cant language. 
Top'ple, v. to fall as from a top or height, to 

fall forward, to tumble down. 
Top'sail, s. the sail on the topmast. 
Topsaw'yer, s. the upper sawyer. 
Topsy-tur'vey, ad. with the bottom upwards. 
Toque, [Fr.] s. a kind of head-dress. 
Torch, s. a large light, a flambeau. 
Torch'-bearer, *. one who carries a torch. 
Torch'er, s. one that gives light. 
Torch'-light, s. the light of a torch. 
TorchVort, s. the name of a plant. 
Tore, s. the dead grass in winter. 
Tor'ment, s. any thing that tortures or gives 

pain ; an annoyance. 
Tor'ment, v. to torture, to put to extreme 

pain ; to annoy, to tease. 
Tormen'ter, s. one who torments. 
Tor'mentil, s. the name of a plant. 
Torna'do, s. a hurricane, a whirlwind. 
Torpe'do, s. an electric fish whose touch be- 

Tjumbs or renders torpid. 
Tor'pent, a. benumbed, motionless. 
Torpes'cence, s. a state of torpidity. 
Torpes'cent. a. becoming torpid. 
Tor'pid, a. benumbed; sluggish, inactive. 
Torpid'ity, s. the state of being torpid. 
Tor'pidness, s. the state of being torpid. 
Tor'pitude, s. numbness; sluggishness. 
Tor'por, s. numbness ; sluggishness. 
Torrefac'tion, s. the act of drying by fire. 
Tor'refy, v. to dry by fire, to scorch. 
Tor'rent, S. a foaming or impetuous river. 
Tor'rent, a. rolling or rushing as a torrent. 
Tor'rid, a. violently hot, parched. 
Tor'ridness, S- the state of being torrid. 
Torse, s. a wreath, in heraldry. 
Tor'sel, s. any thing in a twisted form. 
Tor'sion, s. the act of turning or twisting. 
Tort, s. mischief, injury, wrong. 
Tor'tile, a. twisted, coiled. 
Tor'tive, a. twisted, wreathed. 
Tor'tion, s. torment; pain. 
Tor'tious, a. injurious, doing wrong. 
Tor'toise, s. an animal covered with a very 

hard twisted-like shell. 
Tor'toise-shell, s. the shell of the tortoise. 
Tortuos'ity, s. the state of being tortuous ; a 

wreath, a flexure. 
Tor'tuous, a. twisted, winding ; injurious. 
Tor'tuousness, s. state of being tortuous. 
Tor't.ire, s. extreme pain, as inflicted by the 

wheel or rack ; torment, anguish. 
Tor'ture, v. to punish with tortures; to put 

to extreme pain, to torment. 
Tor'tuver, s. one who tortures. 
Tor'turingly, ad. so as to torture. 
To'rus, s. a large round moulding. 
Tor'vity, s. severity of countenance. 
Tor'vous, a. sour of aspect, stern. 



To'ry, s. one of that party who advocate the 
ancient constitution of England in Church 
and State; in politics, opposed to Whig. 

To'ryism, s. the principles of a Tory. 

Toss, s. the act of tossing ; an affected man- 
ner of raising the head. 

Toss, v. to throw with the hand ; to throw 
with violence ; to agitate ; to tumble over; 
to be in commotion. 

Toss'er, s. one who throws or flings. 

Toss'ing, s. a violent commotion. 

Toss'-pot, s. a toper, a drunken fellow. 

To'tal, a. whole, full, complete: s. the whole. 

Total'ity, s. the whole sum or quantity. 

To'tally, ad. wholly, fully, completely. 

Tot'ter, v. to shake so as to threaten a fall ; 
to stagger; to reel. 

Touch, s. the sense of feeling; the act of 
touching ; the stroke of a pencil or pen ; 
test, proof. 

Touch, v. to perceive by the sense of feeling ; 
to come in contact with; to handle slightly; 
to move or affect. 

Touch/able, a. that may be touched. 

Toueh'-hole. s. a small hole in fire-arms. 

Touch'iness, s. peevishness, irascibility. 

Touch'ing, prep, with regard to. 

Touch'ing, a. pathetic, affecting, moving. 

Touch'ingly, ad. with feeling emotion. 

Touch'-needle, s. a test for proving metals. 

Touch'stone, s. astoneto prove metals; a test. 

Touch' wood, s. rotten wood used for tinder. 

Tovich'y, a. peevish, irritable, cross. 

Tough, a. stiff, not brittle ; tenacious, vis- 
cous ; strong, firm. 

Tough'en, v. to grow or make tough. 

Tough'ly, ad. in a tough manner. 

Tough'ness, s. quality of being tough. 

Toupee', Toupe't, s. a kind of peruke ; an 
artificial lock of hair ; a curl. 

Tour, s. a ramble, an excursion, a journey. 

Tour'ist, s. one who makes a tour. 

Tour'maline, A', a kind of siliceous stone. 

Tourn, s. a court-Jeet held by the sheriff. 

Tour'nament, *. a tilt, a mock encounter. 

Tour'ney, *. a tilt, a tournament. 

Tour'noy, v. to tilt in the lists. 

Tour'niquet, 5. a surgical instrument used 
in amputations to cheek hemorrhage. 

Touse, v. to haul, to pull, to drag, to tear. 

Tow, s. the coarse part of flax. 

Tow, v. to pull or draw along by a rope, 
particularly through water. 

To'wago, s. the act of, or charge for towing. 

To'ward, To'wards, prep, in a direction or 
with tendency to ; near to ; with respect 
to: ad. nearly, at hand. 

To'ward, a. not froward, compliant, docile. 

To'wardliness, s. compliance, docility. 

To'wardly, a. toward, compliant, docile. 

To'wardness, s. docility, aptness. 

Tow'el, s. a cloth for wiping the hands. 

Tow'er, s. a high building; a building raisexl 
above the main edifice ; a fortress. 

Tow'er, v. to fly or raise his;h. to soar 

Tow'ered, a. adorned or defended by towers. 

Tow'ering, a. very high, elevated. 

Tow'ery, a. adorned or guarded with towers. 

To'w-line, s. the rope used in towing. 

Town, s. a collection of houses larger than a 
village ; the inhabitants of a town. 



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Town'-clerk, 5. an officer who manages the 
public business of a corporate town. 

Town-erier, a 1 , an officer in a town, whose 
business is to make proclamations. 

Town'-housc, s. a hall for public business. 

Town'ship, s. the district belonging to a 
town; a corporation. 

Towns'man, s. one of the same town. 

Town-talk', s. the common talk of a place. 

Tox'ical, a. poisonous, containing poison. 

Toxicol'ogy, s. a dissertation on poisons. 

Toy, s. a plaything, a bauble, a trifle. 

Toy, v. to play, to dally amorously ; to trifle. 

Toy'er, s. one who toys or trifles. 

Toy'ful, a. full of trifling play. 

Toy'ish, a. fond of toying, trifling. 

Toy'ishness, s. quality of being toyish. 

Toy'man, s. a seller of toys. 

Toy'shop, s. a shop where toys are sold. 

Trace, s. a mark left by any thing passing: 
a track, a footstep, a vestige, an impres- 
sion ; that part of the harness which draws 
along the vehicle. 

Trace, v. to follow by the footsteps; to fol- 
low with exactness; to delineate. 

Tra'ceable, a. that may be traced. 

Tra'cer, s. one that traces. 

Tra'cery, s. ornamental stone-work. 

Tra'ehea, s. the windpipe. 

Tra'cheal, a. pertaining to the windpipe. 

Tra'chvte, s. a species of volcanic rock. 

Tra'cing, s. course, path, regular track. 

Track, s. a mark left by something that has 
passed ; a trace, a beaten path. 

Track, v. to follow by the footsteps or marks 
left in the way ; to tow. 

Track'less, a. having no track; untrodden. 

Tract, s . something drawn out or extended, 
as a tract of country, a tract or region of 
the heavens ; a treatise ; a pamphlet. 

Traetabil'ity, s. tractableness. 

Trac'table, a. manageable, docile. 

Trac'tableness, s. manageableness, docility. 

Trac'tably, ad. in a tractable manner. 

Tracta'tion, *. discussion of a subject. 

Trac'tile. a. that may be drawn out. 

Tractil'ity, s. the quality of being tractile. 

Trac'tion, s. the act of drawing. 

Tracti"tious, a. treating of; handling. 

Trac/tive, a. having a drawing power. 

Trac'tor, s. that which has a tractive power. 

Trade, .v. traffic, commerce, an occupation 
or employment ; handicraft. 

Trade, v. to traffic, to buy and sell, to deal. 

Tra'ded, a. versed, practised. 

Tra'dcful, s. busy in traffij, commercial. 

Tra'der, s. a merchant, a dealer. 

Tra'desf'olk, s. people employed in trade. 

Tra'desman, s. a shopkeeper, a dealer. 

Tra'de-wind, s. the periodical wind between 
the Tropics, of which ships engaged in 
trade take the advantage. 

Tra'ding, a. carrying on commerce: s. the 
act of carrying on trade or commerce. 

Tradi"tion, s. oral account from age to age. 

Traditional, Traditionary, a. descending 
by oral communication ; unwritten. 

Traditionally, ad. by tradition. 

Tradi"tionist, Tradftioner, s. one who ad- 
heres to tvadition. 

Trad'itive, a. transmitted from age to age. 



Tradu'ce, v. to defame, to vilify, to slander. 

Tradu'cement, 5. obloquy, calumny. 

Tradu'cer. s. a slanderer, a calumniator. 

Tradu'cible, a. that may be derived. 

Tradu'cingly, ad. slanderously. 

Traduc'tion, s. derivation, transmission. 

Traduc'tive, a. derivable, deducible. 

Traffic, s. commerce, large trade. 

Traffic, v. to practise commerce ; to act from 
mercenary or mean motives. 

Traf'fi cable,' *. marketable. 

Trafficker, s. a trader, a merchant. 

Trag'acanth, s. a sort of plant, goafs thorn. 

Trage'dian, j. a writer or actor of tragedy. 

Tra"gedy,5.a drama representing the stronger 
passions of our nature, and the woes and 
misfortunes of life; any fatal or dreadful 
occurrence or event. 

Tra"gic, Tra"gieal, a. relating to tragedy; 
mournful, fatal, calamitous. 

Tra"gically, ad. in a tragical manner. 

Tnf'gicalness, s. calamitousness. 

Tragi-com'edy, s. a drama compounded of 
serious and humorous events. 

Tragi-conf ical, a. relating to tragi-eomody. 

Tragi- com'ically, ad. in a manner partly 
tragical and partly comical. 

Trail, v. to draw along the ground; to hunt 
by tracking: s. any thing drawn in length 
or behind; the track followed by a hunter. 

Train, v. to draw along, to draw; to entice, 
to allure; to bring up, to educate, to dis- 
cipline, to exercise or form by exercise. 

Train, .$. that which is drawn after, or comes 
after; the part of a dress which falls on 
the ground ; a retinue or suite; a proces- 
sion ; a series ; a line of gunpowder ; an 
artifice or stratagem. 

Train of artillery, s. the cannon and mortars 
accompanying an army. 

Train'abie, a. that may be trained. 

Train'bands, s. a body of men trained to act 
as soldiers, the militia. 

Train'-bearer, s. one that holds up a train. 

Train'er, s. one who trains up or instructs, 
an instructor. 

Train 'ing, s. the act of forming to any exer- 
cise by practice. 

Train'-oil, s. oil drawn from the fat of whales. 

Trait, s. a characteristic or feature. 

Trai'tor, s. one who betrays his trust ; one 
guilty of treason. 

Trai'torly, a. perfidious, treacherous. 

Traitor'ous, a. guilty of treason; treacherous. 

Traf torously, ad. in a traitorous manner. 

Trai'torousness, s. treachery, perfidiousness. 

Trai tress, j. a woman who betrays. 

Tra.jecf, v. to east through; to throw. 

Traj'ect, s. a ferry, a passage over. 

Trajee'tion, s. the act of darting through. 

Trajec'tory, *. the orbit of a comet. 

Trala'tion. s. a change in the use of a word. 

Tralati"tious, a. not literal, metaphorical. 

Tralati"tiously, ad. metaphorically. 

Tralin'eate, v. to deviate, from any direction. 

Train 'cent, a. clear, translucent. 

Tram'mel, s. a drag-net; a kind of shackles 
in which horses are taught to pace ; an 
impediment. 

Tram'mel, v. to shackle ; to impede, to con- 
fine, to hamper. 



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Tramm'tane, a. living beyond the Alps, 
(and. according to the opinions of the Ita- 
lians.) barbarous, foreign, strange: s. a 
foreigner, a barbarian. 

Trainji. v. to travel on foot. 

Tramp, Tramp'er, s. a stroller, a beggar. 

Tram pie, v. to tread under foot; to treat 
contemptuously ; to oppress: s. the act of 
trampling. 

Tram'pler, s. one that tramples. 

Tram'-road, s. a slight railway for small 
waggons. 

Trance, s. a state in ■which the soul seems to 
have passed out of the body ; an ecstasy. 

Tranced, a. lung in a trance. 

Tran'nel. s. a sharp pin. 

Tran'quil. a. calm, quiet, peaceful. 

Tranq.uil'lity, s. calmness; peace of mind. 

Tran'quillize, v. to render tranquil. # 

Tran'quilly, ad. in a tranquil manner. 

Tran'quilness, s. tranquillity. 

Transact', v. to manage, to conduct, to ne- 
gotiate, to perform, to carry on. 

Transaction, s. the act of conducting ; the 
thing transacted ; an affair. 

Transactor, s. one who conducts affairs. 

Transalpine, a. situate beyond the Alps. 

Xransan'imate, v. to animate by the change 
of a soul from one body to- another. 

Transanimation, s. transmigration of the soul 
from one body to another. 

Transatlantic, a. beyond the Atlantic. 

Transcend', v. to go beyond, to surmount, 
to surpass, to excel. 

Transcen'donce, Transcen'dency, s. superior 
excellence, supcreminence. 

Transceri'deiit, a. supremely excellent. 

Transcenden'tal, a. supereminent. 

Transoen'deiitly, ad. supereminently. 

Transcend'entness, j. superior excellence. 

Trans'colate. v. to strain as through a sieve 
or colander. 

Transcribe, v to write over again, to copy. 

Transcriber, s. one who transcribes. 

Tran'script, s. a copy from an original. 

Transcrip'tioji, s. the act of copying. 

Transcri p'tively, ad. in manner of a copy. 

Transcur', v. to run or rove to and fro. 

Transcur'rence, s. a running to and fro. 

Transcur'sion, s. a rambling or roving. 

Transduc'tioii, s. the act of leading over. 

Transelementa'tion. s. a change of the ele- 
ments of one body into another. 

Tran'sept. s. the aisle of a church crossing 
the nave and main aisles. 

Transfer', s. to carry or convey from one 
place or person to another ; to remove, to 
make over. 

Tran'sfer, s. conveyance to another ; removal. 

Transferable, a. that may be transferred. 

Transferee,', s. he to whom a transfer is made. 

Trans'ference, s. the transferring or making 
over a thing to another. 

Transferrer, s. one who transfers. 

Transfigura'tion, s. change of form; the 
miraculous change of Christ's appearance 
on the mount. 

Transfig'ure, v. to change the form or figure. 

Transfix', v. to pierce through. 

Transform', v. to change the form or figure, 
to metamorphose. 



Transformation, j. a change of form. 
Transfreta'tion, s. passage over the sea. 
Transfu 'so, v. to pour out of one into another. 
Transfu'sible, a. that may be transfused. 
Transfu'sion, s. the act of transfusing. 
Transgress', v. to pass' beyond; to violate a 

law ; to sin. 
Transgres'sion, s. a violation of a law, a sin. 
Transgres'sional, a. that transgresses. 
Transgres'sive, a. apt to transgress ; faulty. 
Transgres'sor, s. one that transgresses. 
Tranship', v. to remove or transfer from one 

ship to another. 
Tranship'ment, s. the transfer of goods from 

one ship to another. 
Tran'sient, a. not lasting ; momentary. 
Tran'siently, ad. in a transient manner. 
Tran'sientness, s. state of being transient. 
Transil'ience, Transil'iency, s. a leaping from 

one thing to another. 
Tran'sit, s. a passing: the passing of one 

heavenly body over the disc of another. 
Tran'sit-duty, s. duty paid on goods passing 

through a country. 
Transition, s. passage from one place or 

state to another ; change ; removal. 
Transi"tional, a. denoting transition. 
Tran'sitive, a. passing over ; in grammar, a 

transitive verb is one whose action passes 

over to the object. 
Tran'sitorily. ad. in a transitory manner. 
Tran 'sitoriness. s. the being transitory. 
Tran'sitory, a. passing away speedily. 
Transla'tablj. a. capable of being translated. 
Transla'te, v. to carry beyond; to render 

into another language ; to remove from 

one see to another. 
Translation, s. the act of translating; that 

which is translated ; a version. 
Translator, s. one who translates. 
Transla'tory, a. transferring. 
Transla'tress, s. a female translator. 
Translocation, s. removal of things recipro- 
cally to each other's places. 
Translu'cency, s. transparency, clearness. 
Translu'cent. s. transparent, clear. 
Translu'cid, a: transparent, clear. 
Transmari'no, a. lying beyond sea ; foreign. 
Transmew', v. to transmute, to change. 
Transmigrant, a. passing into another coun- 
try or state of existence. 
Trans'migrate, v. to pass from one country 

to another; to pass from one body or state 

of existence to another. 
Transmigration, s. the act of passing from 

one place or body into another. 
Trans'migrator, s. one who transmigrates. 
Transmi'gratory, a. passing from one place 

or state to another. 
Transniissibil'ity, s. the being transmissible, 
Transmis'sible, a. that may be transmitted. 
Transmis'sion, s. the act of transmitting. 
Transmis'sive, a. transmitted, sent. 
Transmit', v. to send from one person or 

place to another; to convey. 
Transmittal, S. the act of transmitting. 
Transmitter, s. one that transmits. 
Transmit'tible, a. that may be transmitted. 
Transmutabil'ity, S. the being transmutable. 
Transmu'table, a. that may be transmuted. 
Transm uta'tion, s. the act of transmuting. 



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Transmu'te, v. to change from one nature or 

substance to another. 
Transmu'tcr, s. one that transmutes. 
Tran'som, .y. a cross beam or bar as over a 

door or window. 
Transparency, s. transparentness. 
Transparent, a. that can be seen through, 

not opaque, pellucid, clear. 
Transparently, ad. so as to be seen through. 
Transpa'rentnesSi s. the state or quality of 

being transparent. 
Transpic'uous, a. pervious to the sight. 
Transpicr'ce, v. to pierce through. 
Transpi'rable, a. that can transpire. 
Trans piia't ion, s. emission in vapour. 
Transpi're. v. to be emitted as through the 

pores of the skin ; to escape from secrecy 

to notice; to become public. 
Transpla'ee, v. to put in a new place. 
Transplant', v. to plant into a new place. 
Transplantation, .?. the act of transplanting; 
Transplant'er, s. one that transplants. 
Transplen'drncy, s. very great splendor. 
Transplen-dent, a. exceedingly splendid. 
Transplen'dently, ad. with exceeding or very 

great splendor. 
Transport', v. to banish ; to put into ecstasy. 
Tran'sport. s. conveyance; a ship for convey- 
ing troops. &c. ; a felon sentenced to exile ; 

ecstasy, rapture. 
Transport'able, a. that may be transported; 

incurring or deserving transportation. 
Transport'ance, s. conveyance, carriage. 
Transportation, s. banishment for felony. 
Transport'edly, ad in a state of rapture. 
Transport'edness, s. state of rapture. 
Transporter, s. one that transports. 
Transporting, <7. enrapturing. 
Transport'ment, s. conveyance in ships. 
Transpo'sal, s. a transposition. 
Transpose, v. to change the place or order, 

by putting each in place of the other. 
Transposition, .y. the act of transposing. 
Transposi"tional, a. relating to transposition. 
Tnmspos'itive, a. made by or consisting in 

transposition. 
Transubstantiate, v. to change one substp.nce 

into another. 
Transubstantia'tion, s. change of substance, 

particularly of the elements of the eucha- 

rist into the real body and blood of Christ, 

as held by the Roman Catholic Church. 
Transudation, s. the act of transuding. 
Transu'datory, a. passing by transudation. 
Transu'de, v. to pass through the pores in 

vapour ; to sweat or perspire. 
Transu'me, v. to take from one to another. 
Transump'tion. s. the act of taking from one 

place to another. 
Transvec'tion, s. the act of convening over. 
Transver'sal, a. running or lying across. 
Transver'sally, ad. transversely. 
Transvcr'se, a. being or lying across : 5. the 

longer axis of an ellipse. 
Transvcr'se, v. to change, to overturn. 
Transvessel v, ad. in a cross direction. 
Transver'sioii, s. the act of turning trans- 
versely. 
Trap, a. an epithet implying stair-like or 

Step-like, applied to a kind of rocks: s. 

rocks of a columnar or stair-like form. 



Trap, s. an instrument for catching vermin 
or game; an ambush, a stratagem"; a. game 
at ball : v. to catch in a trap ; to take by 
stratagem . 

Trap, v. to adorn with trappings, to decorate. 

Trapan', v. to lay a trap for : to ensnare. 

Trapan'ner, 5. one who trapans. 

Trap-door', s. a door that closes like a valve. 

Trapes, s. an idle slatternly woman. 

Trapezoi'dal, a. shaped like a trapezoid. 

Trape'zium, s. a plane figure with four un- 
equal sides, and none of them parallel. 

Trapezoid'.*, a plane, and also a solid figure, 
in certain respects like a Trapezium. 

Trap'pings. s. ornaments, dress, finery. 

Trap'-stick, s. a stick for playing at trap. 

Trash, v. originally, to lop off the branches 
of trees: *. lopping of trees ; any waste or 
worthless matter ; refuse. 

Trash 'y, a. worthless, vile, useless. 

Traumat'ic, a. pertaining to, or applied to 
the healing of wounds, vulnerary: s. a 
vulnerary medicine. 

Trav'ail, v. to toil ; to be in labour. 

Trav'ail, 5. fatigue; labour in childbirth. 

Trave, Trav'is. s. a wooden frame for secur- 
ing horses while being shod. 

Trav'el, v. to make journeys, to pass, to 
walk, to go: S. a journey. 

Travelled, a. having been much abroad. 

Trav'eller. s. one who travels. 

Traversable, a. liable to legal objection. 

Trav'erse, ad. and prop, athwart, crosswise. 

Trav'erse, a. lying across or athwart. 

Trav'erse. v. to cross, to lay across or athwart. ; 
to obstruct, to (ippose in law ; to deny; to 



to 



i'ct. 



. in law, the person accused, 
a burlesque performance, 
to disguise by changing the dress ; 
diculous; to burlesque. 



sail across 

Traverser, i 

Trav'estv, s. 

Trav'esty.v. 
to make r 

Tray, s. a broad shallow trough of wood or 
metal, a large salver. 

Tray'-trip. s. a game played on a table. 

Treach'erous, a. faithless, perfidious. 

Treaeh'erously, ad. faithlessly, perfidiously. 

Treach'erousncss, s perfidiousness. 

Treachery, s. perfidy, breach of faith. 

Trea'cle, s. molasses, the spume of sugar. 

Tread, v. to set the foot, to step, to walk; to 
press under foot, to trample on : s. a step; 
a mode of stepping ; a track. 

Tread'er, s. one who treads. 

Tread'le, *. the part of a loom or other 
machine which is moved by tread or pres- 
sure of the foot. 

Tread'-mill, s. a mill kept in motion by per- 
sons treading on a wheel, used as a punish- 
ment for culprits. 

Trea'son, s. disloyalty to the sovereign or 
state; treachery: rebellion. 

Treasonable, a. of the nature of treason. 

Trea'sonaoleness, s. state or quality of being 
treasonable. 

Treasonably, ad. in a treasonable manner. 

Treasonous, a. guilty of treason. 

Treas'ure, s. hoarded wealth, riches ; store ; 
something highly valued. 

Treas'ure, v. to hoard, to lay up. 

Treas'urer, s. one who has charge of tho 
money of a prince, state, corporation, &c. 



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Treasurership", s. office of treasurer. 
Treas'uress, s. a female who Las charge of 

any public fund. 
Treas'ury, jr. a place where money is kept, or 
stored; a repository for anything valuable. 
Treat, v. to handle or manage; to handle or 
discuss a subject; to negotiate ; to enter- 
tain: *. an entertainment; a pleasure. 
Treat'able, a. tractable, moderate. 
Treat'er, jr. the giver of an entertainment. 
Trea'tise, *. a written discourse, a forma! 

essay, a tract. 
Treat'ment, s. usage good or bad. 
Trea'ty, jr. an international compact. 
Treb'le, a. threefold, triple; sharp of sound : 
v. to make thrice as much : s. thfc highest 
or most acute part of the musical scale; 
the smallest ring of bells. 
Treb'ly, ad. in a threefold number. 
Tree, s. a vegetable or plant with a woody 

stem or trunk; any thins; branched out. 
Tro'foil, jr. a three-leaved grass, clover. 
Treillage, s. pales to support espaliers. 
Trel'lis, s. a lattice-work of wood, &c. 
Trel'lised, a. having trellises. 
Trem'ble, v. to shake as with fear or cold, to 

quake, to shudder; to vibrate. 
Troin'bler, s. one who trembles. 
Trem'bling, jr. a tremor, a shaking. 
Trem'blingly, ad. so as to shake or quiver. 
Tremen'dous, a. dreadful, awful, horrible. 
Tremen'dously, ad. horribly, dreadfully. 
Tremen'dousness, s. the state or quality of 

being tremendous. 
Trem'or, s. a trembling, a quivering. 
Trem'ulous, a. trembling; vibrating. 
Tiem'ulously, ad. with trepidation. 
Trem'ulousness, jr. the state of quivering. 
Tien, jr. a spear to strike fish with. 
Trench, s. a ditch ; a defence for soldiers. 
Trench, v. to cut ; to make a trench, to en- 
trench ; to encroach on : jr. a ditch ; a fosse. 
Tren'ehaiit, a. sharp, cutting, keen. 
Tren'cher, jr. one who cuts or trenches. 
Tren'ch<r, s. a wooden plate used at meals. 
Trench'er- friend, s. a parasite. 
Trench'er-nian, jr. a cook; a feeder. 
Trench'er-mate, jr. a table companion. 
Trend, v. to turn or stretch towards. 
Trend'ing, s. a particular direction. 
Treu'dle, jr. any thing round used in turning. 
Trepan', .v. a surgeon's instrument for per- 
forating and taking out a part of the skull : 
v. to perforate with the trepan. 
Trepan'ner, jr. one who trepans. 
Tfepan'ning, s. the act of perforating the 

.skull with a trepan. 
Treph'ine, s. a small trepan for one hand. 
Trepida'tion. s. a state of terror or alarm. 
Tre.s'pass, s. transgression ; unlawful entry. 
Tres'pass. v. to transgress; to enter unlaw- 
fully on another's ground. 
Trespasser, s. an offender; one who enters 

unlawfully on another's ground. 
Tress, jr. a lock or curl of hair. 
Tressed, a. having tresses, curled. 
Tves'sure, .«. (in heraldry) a kind of border. 
Ires'tlo, Tres'sol, jr. a kind of three-legged 

frame or stand. 
Tret, ,v. an allowance in weight for waste. 
Srot'ct, jr. an iron stand with three lei's. 



Trey, s. the three at cards or dice. 

Tri'able, a. that niav be tried or examined 

Tri'ad, s. three united. 

Tri'al, s. the act of trying; an experiment, 
a judicial examination ; a test of virtue. 

Trial'ity, jr. state of being three. 

Trian'drian, a. having three stamens. 

Tri'angle, s. a figure of three angles ; a con- 
stellation of the northern hemisphere. 

Tri'angled, a. bavin',' three angles. 

Trian'gular, a. having three angles. 

Trian'gularly, ad. in the form of a triangle. 

Tri'archy, jr. a government by three. 

Tribe, s. a certain generation of people, a 
distinct race or family. 

Trib'iet, s. a tool for making rings with. 

Tri'braoh, jr. a poetical foot consisting of 
three short syllables. 

Tribula'tion, s. affliction, distress. 

Tribu'nal, jr. a judge's seat ; a court of justice. 

Trib'une, s. an officer or magistrate of an- 
cient Rome chosen by the people. 

Trib'uneship, jr. the office of a tribune. 

Tribnni"tial, a. relating to a tribune. 

Trib'utary, a. paying tribute ; subject to. 

Trib'utary, jr. one who pays tribute. 

Trib'ute, jr. a payment made in acknowledg- 
ment of subjection or for protection ; a tax. 

Trice, jr. a short time, an instant. 

Triehot'omy, s. a division into three parts. 

Tiick, jr. a sly fraud; a dexterous artifice ;. 
a vicious practice or habit; a jucrgle, ; a 
term at cards: v. to deceive, to cheat. 

Trick, v. to dress, to decorate. 

Triek'er, Triok'ster, s. one who practises 
tricks ; a cheat, a deceiver. 

Trifik'ery, jr. artifice, deceit. 

Triek'ish, a. artful, cunning, knavish. 

Trie'kle, v. to fall or run down in drops. 

Tric'kling, a. falling in drops: s. the act of 
falling or flowing in drops. 

Trick'sy, a. pretty, dainty, neat. 

Tric'-trac, [Fr.] jr. backgammon. 

Triclin'ium, jr. a couch for three persons. 

Tri'dent, s. a sceptre with three prongs. 

Triden'tate, a. having three teeth. 

Trien'nial, a. lasting three years; happen- 
ing every three years. 

Trien'nially, ad. once in three years. 

Tri'er, jr. one who tries or examines. 

Trieter'ical, a. triennial. 

Trifal'low, v. to plough the land three times 
before sowing. 

Trifa'rious, a. threefold ; of three kinds. 

Trifis'tulary, a. having three pipes. 

Tri'fle, jr. a thing of no moment or value: tf» 
to act or tallc with levity or frivolity. 

Tri'fler. s. one who trifles. 

Tri'fiing. a. of little value or importance. 

Tri'llingly, ad. in a trifling manner. 

Tn'riingness, .v. levity, frivolity 

Trifoliate, a. having three leaves. 

Tri'foly, S. sweet trefoil. 

Tri'form, a. having a triple form or shape. 

Trig, a. trim, neat. 

Trig, v. to stop, as a wheel. 

Trig'amy, .s\ the crime of having three hus- 
bands" or wives at one time. 

Trig'ger, s. a catch of a wheel or gun. 

Trf-glyph. x. an ornament in the frieze of a- 
Doric column. 



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Tri'gon, s. a triangle, a term hi astrology. 

Trig'onal, a. having three corners. 

Trigonometrical, a. relating to trigonome- 
try ; performed by trigonometry. 

Trigonomet'rically, ad. according to the 
principles or rules of trigonometry. 

Trigonom'etry, s. the art of measuring angles 
either plane or spherical. 

Trihe'dron, s. a figure of three equal sides. 

Trilateral, a. having three sides. 

Trilit'eral, a. consisting of three letters. 

Trill, s. a quaver, a shake of the voice. 

Trill, v. to quaver, to shako; to trickle. 

Trillion, s. a million of millions of millions. 

Trim, a. neatly dressed up, spruce. 

Trim, v. to make trim or neat, to dress, to 
clip, to lop, to adjust, to put in order ; to 
balance as a vessel ; to balance or fluctuate 
between two parties. 

Trim, s. dress; order or condition. 

Trim'eter, a. consisting of three metrical 
feet : s. a poetical division of verse con- 
sisting of three measures. 

Trim'ly, ad. nicely, neatly. 

Trim'iner, s. one who trims ; one who ba- 
lances between two parties. 

Trim'ming, s. any thing for trimming or 
ornamenting, as lace, &c. 

Trim'ness. s. petty elegance of dress. 

Tri'nal, a. threefold. 

Trine, a. belonging to the number three. 

Trine, s. an aspect of planets forming the 
figure of a trigon. 

Trinita'rian, s. a believer in the Trinity : a. 
believing in, or pertaining to the Trinity. 

Trin'ity, s. the union of the Three Persons 
in the Godhead. 

Trin'ket, s. a small ornament of little value ; 
any thing of small value. 

Trino'mial, a. an algebraic term. 

Tri'o, s. a piece of music for three voices. 

Triob'olar, s. of little value ; worthless. 

Trip, v. to supplant or strike the feet from 
under ; to cause to fall ; to stumble, to 
fail, to make a mistake. 

Trip, s. a tumble, a mistake. 

Trip, v. to run lightly : s. a short journey. 

irip'artito, a. divided into three parts. 

Triparti'tion, s. division into three parts. 

Tripe, s. the intestines. 

Tripe'dal, a. having three feet. 

Tri'pe-man. s. lie who sells tripe. 

Triper'sonal, a. consisting of three persons. 

Tripct'alous, a. having a three-leafed flower. 

Triph'thong, s. a union of three vowels into 
onu sound or syllable. 

Trip'lo, v. to make threefold. 

Trip'le, a. treble, three times repeated. 

Trip'lct, s. three of a kind, three lines. 

Triplicate, a. thrico as much, trebled. 

Triplication, s. the act of trebling. 

Tripli"city, s. trebloness, a threefold state. 

Trip'-madam, s. the name of a plant. 

Tri'pod, *. a seat or stool with three feet. 

Trip'oli, Trop'oly, s. a kind of sand used in 
polishing, (originally from Tripoli.) 

Trip'per, s. he who trips or walks nimbly. 

Trip'ping, a. nimble, passing quickly. 

Trjp'pingly, ad. nimbly, fluently. 

Trip'tote, s. a noun having only three cases. 

Tripu'diary, a. performed by dancing. 



Tripyr'amid, s. a genus of spars consisting 
of three-sided pyramids. 

Tri'reme, s. a galley with three benches of 
oars on each side. 

Trisect', v. to divide into throe equal parts. 

Triscc'tion, s. division into three equal parts 

Trist, a. sad, sorrowful. 

Trist'ful, a. sad, melancholy, gloomy. 

Trisyll'able, s. a word of three syllables. 

Trisyllab'ic, a. consisting of three syllables; 

Trite, a. worn-out, common, stale. 

Tri'tely, ad. in a trite or common way. 

Tri'teness, s. commonness, stalencss. 

Trithe'ism, s. the worship of three gods. 

Trithe'ist, s. a believer in three gods. 

Tritheis'tic, a. relating to tritheism. 

Tri'thing, .?. a district containing a third 
part of a county, a triding or riding. 

Tri'ton, s. a fabled sea god. 

Trit'urable, a. that may be reduced to 
powder by pounding. 

Trit'urate, v. to beat, to pound. 

Trituration, s. the act of triturating. 

Tri'umph, s. a pompous procession, in which 
a victory is celebrated ; state of being vic- 
torious; victory; joy for success. 

Tri'umph, v. to celebrate a victory with, 
pomp; to obtain victory; to rejoice for 
victory; to rejoice greatly, to exult. 

Trium'phal, a. used in celebrating victory. 

Trium'phant, a. celebrating victory, rejoic- 
ing as for victory ; victorious. 

Trium'phantly, ad. in a triumphant manner. 

Tri'umpher, s. one who triumphs. 

Trium'vir, s. one of three in the same office. 

Trium'virate, s. a government by three men; 

Tri'une, a. three joined in one. 

Trivalv'ular, a. having three valves. 

Triv'et, s. See Trevet. 

Triv'ial, a. trifling, inconsiderable ; worthless. 

Trivially, ad. in a trivial manner 

Triv'ialness, s. commonness; unimportance. 

Tro'car. s. a surgical instrument. 

Trocha'ic, a. consisting of trochees. 

Tro'chce, s. a foot in Latin poetry, consist- 
ing of a long and short syllable. 

Troch'il, Troch'ilus, s. a kind of bird. 

Trochil'ic, a. running on a wheel ; rotatory. 

Trochil'ics, s. the science of rotatory motion; 

Tro'chitc, s. a kind of figured fossil stone. 

Troch'lea, s. a pulley-like cartilage. 

Troch'leary, a. pertaining to the trochlea. 

Trod, Trod'den, p. pressed under foot. 

Trog'lodyte, s. one who inhabits a cave. 

Trol'my-dames, s. the game of nine-holes. 

Troll, v. to move circularly, to roll or turn 
round ; to utter volubly; to sing catches; 
to fish with a rod which has a pulley. 

Trol'lop, s. a slattern, a slovenly woman. 

Trollopce', s. a loose dress for women. 

Trombo'ne, .?. the great trumpet, a military 
instrument for playing the base. 

Tromp, s. a kind of blowing-machine used in 
furnaces. 

Trom'pil, s. an aperture in a tromp. 

Tron'age, s. a duty formerly paid on wool. 

Trona'tor, s. an officer who weighed wool.- 

Troop, *. a body or company of soldiers, 
particularly of cavalry ; a number of people 
in one body, a multitude: v. to march hr 
a body ; to march in haste. 



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Troop'er, s. a horse soldier, a horseman. 
Trope, s. a figure of speech which changes a 

word from its primary sense. 
Tro'phied, a. adorned with trophies. 
Tro'phy, s. something taken in battle; a 

monument or memorial of victory. 
Trop'ic, s. a line or circle drawn through the 

point at which the sun turns or returns 

towards the equator. 
Trop'ical, a. within or near the tropics; 

a word changed from its primary sense, 

figurative. Sec Trope. 
Trop'ically, ad. in the manner of a trope. 
Tropolo"gical, a. varied by tropes. 
Tropol'ogy, s. a rhetorical mode of speech. 
Trot, s. the jolting pace of a horse, between 

a walk and a canter. 
Trot, v. to move with a high jolting pace ; to 

move in a pace between walking and can- 
tering. 
Troth, s. truth, belief, faith. 
Troth/less, a. faithless, treacherous. 
Troth-plight, v. to affiance, to betroth. 
Trot'ter, s. one that trots; a sheep's foot. 
Tron'badour, s. a name formerly given to a 

poet or minstrel of Provence. 
Troub'le, v. to disturb, to afflict, to annoy. 
Troub'le, s. disturbance ; calamity, afflic- 
tion, molestation, vexation. 
Tronb'ler, s. one that troubles. 
Troub'lesome, a. giving trouble. 
Troub'lesomely, ad. vexatiously. 
Troub'lesomeness, s. the being troublesome. 
Troub'lous, a. troublesome ; tumultuous. 
Trough, s. a long hollow vessel ; any thing 

hollowed longitudinally. 
Trounce, v. (to beat with a truncheon,) to 

cudgel or beat severely. 
Trou'sers, s. long loose breeches. 
Trout, s. a fish ; a silly fellow. 
Trout'-stream, j. a stream in which trout 

breed and are angled for. 
Tro'ver, s. an action for goods found and not 

delivered to the owner on demand. 
Trow, v. to think, to imagine, to believe. 
Trow'el, s. a tool used by masons. 
Trow'sers, s. See Trousers. 
Troy'weight, s. a weight of twelve ounces to 

the pound. 
Tru'ant, s. an idler; an idle loitering boy 

who stays away from school : a. idle, loi- 
tering, wandering. 
Tru'antly, ad. like a truant. 
Xru'antship, s. idleness ; neglect of study. 
Truce, s. a temporary cessation of war. 
Trucida'tion, s. the act of killing. 
Truck, s. traffic by exchange, barter. 
Truck, v. to give in exchange, to barter. 
Truck, s. a little wheel, as for a cannon; a 

hand-cart with low wheels. 
Truck'age, s. the practice of exchanging. 
Truck'er, a. one who traffics by exchange. 
Truck'lc, s. a small wheel or castor. 
Truck'le, v. to yield or submit to. 
Truc'kle-bed, s. a bed with wheels to run 

under another ; a bed for children ; a bed 

for servants or inferior persons. 
Truc'ulence, Truc'ulcncy, s. savagencss of 

manners ; fierceness of aspect. 
Truc'ulent, a. savage, terrible of aspect. 
Trudge, v. to jog on heavily ; to labour. 



True, a. in accordance with truth, not fabe; 
certain; real, genuine ; faithful; honest. 

Tru'eborn, a. having a right by birth. 

Tru'ebred, a. of a genuine breed ; well-bred. 

True'hearted, a. honest, faithful, sincere. 

Trueheart'edness, s. the being truehearted. 

Tru'elove, s. a sweetheart. 

Truelove-knot', s. a particular kind of knot. 

Tru'eness, s. sincerity ; faithfulness. 

True'penny, *. a worthy honest fellow. 

Truffle, s. a subterraneous mushroom. 

Tru'ism, s. a self-evident truth. 

Trull, s. a vagrant dirty strumpet. 

Tru'ly, ad. certainly, exactly, really. 

Trump, s. the turn-up card, a winning card. 

Trump, v. to play a trump card. 

Trump, s. a trumpet. 

Trum'pery, s. trifles, trash ; idle talk. 

Trum'pet, s. a kind of musical instrument. 

Trum'pet, v. to proclaim or publish by sound 
of trumpet. 

Trum'peter, s. one who sounds a trumpet. 

Trum'pet-flower, s. a tubulous flower. 

Trum'pet-shell, s. a genus of shells of the 
form of a trumpet. 

Trum'pet-tongued, a. vociferous as a trumpet. 

Trump'like, a. resembling a trumpet. 

Trun'cate, v. to lop, to cut short, to maim. 

Truncation, s. the act of truncating. 

Trun'cheon, 5. a truncated or short staff; a 
staff of command : v. to beat with a trunch- 
eon ; to trounce. 

Trun'dle, s. any round rolling body. 

Trun'dle, v- to roll, to bowl along. 

Trun'dle-tail, s. a round-tailed dog. 

Trunk, s. the stem or body of a tree ; the 
body without the limbs ; the main body of 
any thing ; a kind of chest ; the proboscis 
of an elephant. 

Trunk'-hose, s. a kind of large breeches. 

Trun'nions, s. the knobs on cannon, by 
which they are supported on carriages. 

Tru'sion, s. the act of thrusting or pushing. 

Truss, *. a bandage for ruptures ; a bundle 
of hay of fifty-six pounds' weight. 

Truss, v. to bind up closely together. 

Trust, s. confidence, reliance on another; 
charge given in confidence ; credit. 

Trust, v. to confide in, to rely on ; to com- 
mit to the care of; to venture confidently ; 
to give credit to. 

Trustee', s. one entrusted with any thing. 

Trust'er, s. one who trusts or gives credit. 

Trustlly, ad. honestly, faithfully. 

Trust'iness, s. honesty, fidelity. 

Trust'ingly, ad. with implicit confidence. 

Trust'less, a. not to be trusted. 

Trus'ty, a. that may be trusted, honest, true. 

Truth, s. (originally that which lone troweth) 
veracity; honesty; reality. 

Tru'thful, a. full of truth. 

Tru'thless, a. wanting truth; faithless. 

Trutina'tion, s. the act of weighing. 

Try, v. to examine, to essay, to attempt, to 
examine judicially. 

Try'ing, a. putting to severe trial. 

Try'-sail, *. a sail used in a storm. 

Tub, s. a vessel of wood of various sizes. 

Tube, s. a long hollow body, a pipe. 

Tube, v. to furnish with a tube. 

Tu'bercle, *. a small swelling, a pimple. 



TUB 



314 



TUB 



Tuber'cular, a. containing tubercles. 

Tuber'culated, a. oovered with tubercles. 

Tu'berose, s. a sweet-smelling flower, 

Tu'berous, a. full of knobs or swellings. 

Tu'bipore, s. pipe-coral. 

Tu'bular, Tu'bulated, Tu'bulous, a. long and 
hollow, like a cylinder, fistular. 

Tu'bule, s. a small pipe, or fistular body. 

Tuck, *. a long narrow sword. 

Tuck, s. a fold in a dress : v. to gather into 
a narrower compass, to gather up ; to 
thrust in or together. 

Tucker, s. a small piece of linen round the 
top of a woman's stays. 

Tuck'et, j. a flourish on a wind instrument. 

Tuck'et, s. a steak, a collop. 

Tues'day, j. the third day of the week- 
Tuft, s. a knot, knob, or bunch, as of hair, 
feathers, grass, &c. ; a cluster, as of trees. 

Tuft, v. to adorn with a tuft. 

Tuft'ed, a. growing in tuft* or clusters. 

Tiift'y, a. adorned with or having tufts. 

Tug, v. to pull with great and repeated ef- 
fort ; to struggle or contend with : s. a pull 
with great effort. 

fug'ger, s. one that tugs or pulls hard. 

Tui'tion, s. the care of a guardian or tutor ; 
the act of teaching ; instruction. 

Tu'Iip, s. the name of a flower. 

Tu'lip-tree, s. an American tree, the flowers 
of which have some resemblance to tulips. 

Tum'ble, v. to fall ; to roll or turn over. 

Tum'ble, s. a fall, a downfall, a roiling over. 

Turn'bler, s. one who tumbles ; one who 
shows feats of tumbling ; a large drinking- 
glass; a pigeon that flies with a tumbling 
or rolling motion. 

Tum'brel, s. originally a dung-cart ; a wag- 
gon used for artillery stores. 

Tumefac'tion, s. the act of swelling ; a tumor. 

Tu'mefy, v. to make to swell, to swell. 

Tu'mid, a. swelled, puffed up ; pompous. 

Tu'midly, ad. in a swelling form. 

Tu'midness, s. state of being tumid. 

Tu'morous, a. swelling ; protuberant. 

Tu'mor, s. morbid swelling. 

Tump, s. the knoll of a hill. 

Tump, v. to fence trees about with earth. 

Tu'mular, a. consisting of a heap. 

Tu'mulose, Tu'mulous, a. full of hills. 

Tu'mult, s. a riot, a commotion, a stir. 

Tu'mulus, [Lat] s. an artificial hillock 
raised over the dead in ancient times. 

Tumul'tuarily, ad. with tumult. 

Tumul'tuariness, s. tumultuous conduct. 

Tuimil'tuary, a. tumultuous, disorderly. 

Tumul'tuous, a. turbulent, full of riot. 

Tumul'tuously, ad. in a tumultuous manner. 

Tumul'tuousness, s. the being tumultuous. 

Tun, s. a cask of four hogsheads. 

Tun, v. to put into casks, to barrel. 

Tu'nable, a. that may be tuned, harmonious. 

Tu'nably, ad. harmoniously, melodiously. 

Tun'-dish, s. a tunnel, a funnel. 

Tune, s . a series of musical notes ; an air ; 
harmony; the state of a musical instru- 
ment when it returns the proper sounds ; 
a fitting state or temper. 

Tune, v. to put into a state for producing the 
proper sounds; to sing harmoniously, to 
put into a fitting state or order. 



Tu'neful, a. musical, harmonious. 

Tu'neless, a. yielding no tune ; unmusical. 

Tu'ner, s. one who tunes instruments. 

Tu'nic, 5. a kind of waistcoat worn by the 
Romans; a child's upper garment. 

Tu'nicle, s. natural covering, integument. 

Tu'ning, s. the act of putting into tune. 

Tu'ning-fork, s. a steel instrument used fo? 
tuning instruments of music. 

Tun'nage, s. See Tonnage. 

Tun'ncl, s. the shaft of a chimney; a funnel 
to botue liquor; a hollow passage under 
ground or through a hill. 

Tun'nel, v. to form like a tunnel. 

Tun'nel-net, s. a net shaped like a funnel, 
(wide at one end and narrow at the other.} 

Tun'ny, s. the Spanish mackerel. 

Tup, s. a ram. 

Tur'ban, s. a Turkish cap made of fine linen 
wreathed about the head. 

Tur'baned, a. wearing a turban. 

Tur'ban-shell, s. a species of sea urchins. 

Tur'ban-top, s. a kind of mushroom. 

Tur'bary, s. a place where turf is dug; a 
right of digging turf. 

Turbid, a. thick, muddy, not clear. 

Tur'bidly, ad. inaturbid manner ; haughtily. 

Tur'bidness, s. state of being turbid. 

Turbinated, «. twisted, spiral ; whirling. 

Turbina'tion, s. act of spinning like a top. 

Tur'bot, s. the name of a delicate sea-fish. 

Tur'bulence, Tur'bulency, s. tumult, com- 
motion, violence. 

Tur'bulent, a. tumultuous, violent. 

Tur'bulently, ad. tumultuously. 

Tureen', s. a deep vessel for soups, &c. 

Turf, s. a grassy surface ; a sod ; peat ; the 
ground on which a horse-race is run; 
horso-racing. 

Turf, v. to cover with turf. 

Turf-house, s. a house built of turf. 

Turf'iness, s. state of being turfy. 

Turf -moss, s. a turf bog or moss. 

Turf -spade, s. a spade for cutting turf. 

Turfy, a. full of or like turf. 

Tur'gent, a. swelling, tumid, protuberant. 

Turges'cence, Turges'cency, s. the act of 
swelling; the state of being swollen. 

Tur'gid, a. tumid; inflated, pompous. 

Turgid'ity, s. state of being turgid. 

Tur'gidly, ad. in a turgid manner. 

Turk, s. a native or inhabitant of Turkey. 

Tur'key, s. a large domestic fowl. 

Tur'key-stone, s. a name of the oil-stona 
from Turkey. 

Turkois', Turquoise', s. a precious stone of 
a light-green or blue color. 

Turk's-cap, s. a plant of the genus silium. 

Turk's-head, Turk's-turban, s. the names of 
plants. 

Tur'mcric, s. Indian saffron. 

Tur'moil, s. disturbance, tumult; toil; ha- 
rassing care. 

Turmoil', v. to toil ; to harass with care ; to 
be in a state of commotion. 

Turn, v. to move round; to revolve; to 
make to go round ; to change, to trans- 
form, to alter ; to form on a lathe. 

Turn, s. the act of turning ; a winding ; a 
walk to and fro ; successive course ; a 
change ; an act either good or bad. 



TUR 



3)5 



TYP 



Turn'coat, s. a renegade, an apostate. 
Tur'ner, s. one who turns in a lathe. 
Tur'nery, s. the art of turning ; the ware or 

articles made by a turner. 
Tur'ning, s. the act of turning; a winding. 
Tur'nip, s. a well-known esculent root. 
Turn'key, s. the person who has charge of 

the keys of a prison. 
Turn'pike, s. a toll-gate on a road. 
Turn'sol, s. the sun-flower. 
Turn 'spit, s. one who turns a spit ; a dog. 
Turn'stile, s. a kind of whirling stile ; a 

turnpike on a footpath. 
Turn'stone, s. a bird called the sea-dotterel. 
Tur'pentine, s. a resinous juice or gum of 

certain trees, as the pine. 
TuYpitude, s. inherent vileness, baseness. 
Turquoise, s. See Turkois. 
Tur'ret, s. a small tower. 
Tur'reted, a. having turrets ; like a tower. 
Tur'tle, s. a sea tortoise. 
Tur'tle-dove, s. a species of dove or pigeon. 
Tu/tle-shell, s. a beautiful species of murex; 

also tortoise-shell. 
Tus'can, s. one of the orders of architecture. 
Tush ! int. pshaw ! be silent ! 
Tusk, s. a fang or long-pointed tooth. 
Tusk, v. to gnash the teeth, as a boar. 
Tusked, Tusk'y, a. furnished with tusks. 
Tus'sle, s. a pulling, a struggling. 
Tut, int. expressing contempt. 
Tu'telage, s. guardianship, protection. 
Tu'telar, Tu'telary, a. having guardianship ; 

guarding, protecting. 
Tu'tor, s. one who instructs, a preceptor. 
Tu'tor, v. to instruct, to teach. 
Tu'torage, s. the office of a tutor, education. 
Tu'toress, s. a governess, an instructress. 
Tu'torship, s. office of a tutor. 
Tul/ti, s. (in Italian music) a direction for 

all to play in full concert. 
Tut'ty, s. an ore of zinc. 
Tuz, s. a lock or tuft of hair. 
Twain, a. two, both: ad. in two, asunder. 
Twang, s. a sharp quick sound ; an affected 

nasal modulation of the voice. 
Twang, v. to sound sharply ; to make to 

sound with a twang. 
Twan'kay, s. a species of green tea. 
Twat'tle, v. to prate, to gabble, to chatter. 
Tweak, v. to pinch: to twitch. 
Twee'dle, v. to handle with the care of a 

fiddler in moving his bow; to handle 

lightly ; to smooths over, to wheedle. 
Twee'zer-case, s. a case for carrying tweezers. 
Twee'zers, s. nippers, small pincers. 
Twelfth, a. the second after the tenth. 
Twelfth'-tide,s.thc Epiphany ortwelfth day. 
Twelve, a. two and ten, twice six. 
Twel'vemonth, s. a year of solar months. 
Twel'vepence, s. a shilling. 
Twel'vcpenny, a. sold for a shilling. 
Twen'tieth, a. the ordinal of twenty. 
Twen'ty, a. twice ten, a 3Core. 
Twice, ad. two times, doubly. 
Twid'dle, v. to touch lightly. See Tweedle. 
Twig, s. a small branch or shoot of a tree. 
Twig'gy, a. full of twigs. 
Twi'light, j. the dubious or faint light be- 
fore sunrise and after sunset : a. seen or 

done by twilight; obscure. 



Twill, v. to weave; to quilt. 

Twin, s. one of two born together. 

Twin, v. to bear two at once. 

Twin, a. noting one of two born at a birth ; 
very like. 

Twin'-born, a. born at the same birth. 

Twine, v. to twist, to wind ; to wrap closely 
round: s. twisted thread, a twist. 

Twinge, v. to affect with a sharp suddaa 
pain; to tweak : s. a sharp sudden pain| 
a pinch, a twitch. 

Twink, s. the motion of an eye, a wink. 

Twin'kle, v. to open and shut the eye witc. 
rapidity ; to shine with a light that seem* 
every moment in and out ; s. a quick mo- 
tion of the eye ; an instant. 

Twink'ling, s. a motion of the eye : a light 
that twinkles ; an instant. 

Twin'ling, s. a twin lamb. 

Twinned, a. born at the same birtb ; paired. 

Twirl, v. to turn round quickly, to whirl. 

Twirl, s. a rapid circular motion. 

Twist, ». to twine, to plait, to unite ; to 
contort, to writhe ; to bend, to pervert. 

Twist, s. a thread made by winding two to- 
gether; a single string of a cord, a cord* 
any thing made by twisting ; a contortion. 

Twist'er, s. one who twists ; a ropemaker. 

Twit, v. to touch by reproach for something 
done amiss ; to reproach. 

Twitch, s. a pull with a jerk ; a short spas- 
modic contraction of the fibres: v. to pull 
with a jerk, to pluck. 

Twitch'er, 5. one that twitches. 

Twitch'-grass, 5. couch-grass. 

Twit'ter, v. to make a noise like swallows ; 
to make a sharp tremulous noise: s. a 
sharp tremulous noise ; a flutter or slight 
agitation of the nerves. 

Twit'tingly, ad. reproachingly. 

'Twixt, prep, a contraction of Betwixt. 

Two, a. one and one. 

Two'edged, a. having an edge on each side. 

Two'fold, a. double : ad. doubly, twice. 

Two'handed, a. employing both hands. 

Two'pence, s. the sum of two pence. 

Tyke, s. See Tike. 

Tym'bal, s. a kind of kettle-drum. 

Tym'pan, s. part of a printing-press; the 
panel of a pillar or door. 

Tym'panize, v. to stretch as the skin over the 
body of a drum. 

Tym'panum, s. a drum; part of the ear. 

Tym'pany, s. a dry windy dropsy. 

Type, s. a stamp, a mark ; that which is 
used to impress a stamp, a printing letter, 
printing letter collectively; an emblem, a 
sign, a symbol, especially that by which 
something future is prefigured: v. to pre- 
figure, to typify. 

Ty'pe-metal, s. a compound metal, princi- 
pally of lead and antimony. 

Ty'phoid, a. resembling typhus. 

Ty'phus, s. a slow, dangerous fever. 

Typ'ical, a. emblematical, figurative. 

Typ'ically, ad. in a figurative manner. 

Typ'icalness, s. the state of being typical. 

Typ'ify, v. to represent by an emblem. 

Typog'rapher, s. a printer, one who prints, 

Typographical, a. pertaining to printing. 

Typographically, ad. emblematically. 
P2 



TYP 



31o 



UNA 



Typography, s. the art of printing. 
Tyr'anness, s. a female tyrant. 
Tyran'nic, Tyran'nical, a. like a tyrant. 
Tyran'nically, ad. in the manner of a tyrant. 
Tyr'annize, v. to act as a tyrant. 
Tvr'annous, a. despotic, arbitrary; cruel. 
Tyr'annously, ad. arbitrarily ; cruelly. 
Tyr'anny, s. despotism; cruelty. 
Ty'rant, s. a despot: a cruel ruler or master. 
Ty'rian, s. the purple dye : a. purple. 
Ty'rOj s. a beginner, a novice ; a student. 
Tzar. See Czar. 



U. 

U'berous, a. fruitful, copious. 

U'berty, s. fruitfulness, abundance. 

Ubiq'uitary, a. existing everywhere: s. one 
who exists every where. 

Ubiq'uity, s. existence every where at the 
same time ; omnipresence. 

Ud'der, s. the dugs of a cow. 

Ud'dered, a. furnished with udders. 

Ug'lily, ad. in an ugly manner. 

Ug'liness, s. quality of being ugly. 

Ug'ly, a. deformed, offensive to the sight. 

Uka'se, s. a proclamation or imperial order 
of the Czar; an arbitrary order. 

Ul'cer, s. a running sore. 

Ul'cenite, v. to turn to an ulcer. 

Ulcera'tion, s. a breaking into ulcers. 

Ul'cered, a. having become an ulcer. 

UTcerous, a. having ulcers, ulcered. 

UTcerousness, s. state of being ulcerous. 

Uli"ginous, a. that oozes ; slimy, muddy. 

Ul'nar, a. pertaining to the ulna or cubit. 

Ulte'rior, a. on the farther side ; farther. 

Ul timate, a. the farthest or last. 

Ul timateiy, ad. lastly, finally. 

Ultima'tum, s. the last or final offer. 

Ultramari'ne, a. foreign, beyond the sea. 

Ultramari'ne, f. the name of a very fine blue. 

Ultramon'tane, a. being beyond the moun- 
tains ; foreign, strange : s. a foreigner. See 
Tramontane. 

Ultramun'dane, a. being beyond the world. 

Ultro'neous, a. spontaneous, voluntary. 

Ul'ulate, v. to howl, to scream. 

Ulula'tion, s. a howling, a yelling. 

Um'bel, s. a flower consisting of a number 
of flower-stalks, spreading from a common 
centre in a convex or globular form. 

Umbelliferous, a. bearing umbels. 

Um'ber, s. a fossil of a brown color. 

Um'ber, v. to color with umber ; to shade. 

Umbil'ic, J. the navel. 

Umbil'ical, a. pertaining to the navel. 

Um'bles, s. pi. the entrails of a deer. 

Um'bo, s. the pointed boss of a buckler. 

Um'brage, s. shade, screen of trees ; suspi- 
cion of injury ; offence. 

Umbra'geous, a. shady, shaded; obscure. 

Umbra'geousncss, s. shadiness. 

Umbrat'ic, Umbrat'ical, a. shadowy ; typical. 

Um'bratU.e, a. unsubstantial, unreal. 

Umbra'ti^us, a. disposed to take umbrage. 

Umbrel'lj, s. a cover from the sun or rain. 

Um'briere, s. the visor of a helmet. 

Umbrif'erous, a. casting a shadow. 

Umbros'ity, s. state of being shady. 

Um'pirage, s. arbitration. 



Um'pire, s. one chosen to decide a dispute, 

an arbitrator: v. to arbitrate. 
Unabash'ed, a. not ashamed, bold. 
Unaba'ted, a. undiminished. 
Unabat'ing, a. not abating ; continuing. 
Unabbreviated, a. not shortened. 
Unabju'red, a. not renounced on oath. 
Una'ble, a. not able, weak, impotent. 
Unabol'ishable, a. not abolishable. 
Unabol'ished, a. not annulled. 
Unabsolved, a. not absolved. 
Unabsorb'ed, a. not absorbed, not imbibed. 
Unaccel'erated, a. not accelerated. 
Unaccent'ed, a. not accented. 
Unacceptable, a. disagreeable, unpleasinj. 
Unaccep'tableness, s. the state of not being 

acceptable. 
Unaccept'ably, ad. not acceptably. 
Unaccept'ed, a. not accepted, not received. 
Un accessible. See Inaccessible. 
Unaccom'modated, a. not accommodated. 
Unaccom'modating, a. uncomplying. 
Unaccom'panied, a. not attended, alone. 
Unaccom'plished, a. not accomplished. 
Unaccountabil'ity, Unaccount'ableness, *. 

the state of not being accountable. 
Unaccount'able, a. not to be accounted for, 

strange ; not subject or responsible. 
Unaccount'ably, ad. strangely, oddly. 
Unaccredited, a. not authorized. 
Unaccus'tomed, a. not usual ; strange. 
Unachiev'able, a. that cannot be achieved. 
Unachieved, a. not achieved. 
Unacknowledged, a. not acknowledged. 
Unacquaint'ance, 5. want of acquaintance. 
Unacquaint'ed, a. not acquainted. 
Unacquired, a. not acquired, not gained. 
Unact'ed, a. not performed. 
Unact'uated, a. not actuated. 
Unadap'ted, a. not adapted, not suited. 
Unadjust'ed, a. not adjusted or settled. 
Unadmi'red, a. not admired. 
Unadmon'ished, a. not admonished. 
Unado'red, a. not adored or worshipped. 
Unadorn'ed. a. not adorned ; simple. 
Unadul'terate, Unadulterated, a. genuine; 

not spoiled by spurious mixtures. 
Unadul'terately, ad. without mixtures. 
Unadven'turous, a. not adventurous. 
Unadvi'sable, a. not to be advised. 
Unadvised, a. indiscreet, imprudent. 
Unadvisedly, ad. imprudently; rashly. 
Unadvi'sedness, s. rashness; imprudence. 
Unaffect'ed, a. not affected. 
Unaffect'edly, ad. without affectation. 
Unafflict'ed, a. not afflicted. 
Unag'gravated, a. not aggravated. 
Una"gitated, a. not agitated, calm. 
Unagree'ableness, s. unsuitableness to. 
Unaid'able, a. not to be helped. 
Unaid'ed, a. not assisted, not helped. 
Unaim'ing, a. having no aim. 
Unalienable, a. See Inalienable. 
Unalienated, a. not alienated. 
Unallay'ed, a. not appeased, not quieted. 
Unalle'viated, a. not assuaged, not mitigated. 
Unalli'ed, a. not allied. 
Unallow'ed, a. not allowed. 
Unalloy'ed, a. not alloyed, not impaired by 

bad mixtures. 
Unallu'red, a. not allured or enticed. 



UNA 



317 



UJS T B 



Unallu'ring, a. not tempting or enticing. 
Unalterable, a. that cannot be altered. 
Unal'terableness, s. unchangeableness. 
Unal'terably, ad. unchangeably. 
Unal'tered, a. not altered. 
Unama'zed, a. free from amazement. 
Unambiguous, a. not ambiguous. 
Unambig'uousiy, ad. not ambiguously. 
Unambiguousness, s. clearness, explicitness. 
Unambi"tious, a. not ambitious. 
Unamend'able, a. not to be mended. 
Una'miable, a. not amiable. 
TJna'miableness, 5. want of amiableness. 
Unamu'sed, a. not amused. 
Unamu'sing, a. not amusing. 
Unanal'ogous, a. not analogous. 
Unan'alyzed, a. not analyzed. 
Unane'led, a. not having received extreme 

unction. 
Unan'imated, a. not animated. 
Unanlmating, a. not animating. 
Unanim'ity, s. state of being unanimous. 
Unanimous, a. being of one mind. 
Unanimously, ad. with one mind. 
Unan'imousness, s. unanimity. 
Unanswerable, a. that cannot be answered. 
Unanswerably, ad. beyond confutation. 
Unanswered, a. not answered. 
Unanx'ious, a. free from anxiety. 
Unappall'ed, a. not appalled. 
Unappar'elled, a. not apparelled. 
Unappa'rent, a. not apparent, obscure. 
Unappeal'able, a. not admitting appeal. 
Unappeas'able, a. not to be appeased. 
Unappeas'ed, a. not appeased. 
Unapplied, a. not specially applied. 
Unappre'ciated, a. not appreciated. 
Unapprehended, a. not understood. 
Unapprehen'sible, a. not apprehensible. 
Unapprehen'sive, a. not apprehensive. 
Unapprised, a. not apprised. 
Unapproach'able, a. not to be approached. 
Unappropriated, a. not appropriated. 
Unapt', a. not apt, not qualified ; dull. 
Unaptly, ad. unfitly, improperly. 
Unapt'ness, s. unfitness; dulness. 
Unar'gued, a. not argued. 
Unarm', v. See Disarm. 
Unarm'ed, a. having no armour or weapon. 
Unarraign'cd, a. not brought to a trial. 
Unarray'ed, a. not arrayed. 
Unart'ful, a. not artful ; wanting skill. 
Unart'fully, ad. in an unartful manner. 
Unartic'ulated, a. not articulated. 
Unartifi"cially, ad. not artificially. 
Unask'cd, a. not asked, not desired. 
Unas'pirated, a. having no aspirate. 
Unaspi'rine, a. not ambitious, humble. 
Unassailable, a. not assailable. 
Unassail'ed, a. not attacked by violence. 
Unassembled, a. not assembled. 
UnassesSed, a. not assessed, not rated. 
Unassis'ted, a. not assisted, not helped. 
Unassorted, a. not distributed into sorts. 
Unassu'ming, a. not assuming, diffident. 
Unassu'red, a. not confident; not insured. 
Unato'nable, a. not expiable. 
Unato'ru d, a. not expiated. 
Unattach'ed, a. not attached, not united by 

affection ; not arrested. 
Unattainable, a. not attainable. 



Unattain'ablencss, s. the state of being un- 
attainable or out of reach. 

Unattaint'ed, a. not attainted. 

Unattempt'ed, a. untried, not attempted. 

Unattend'ed, a. having no retinue, alone. 

Unattest'ed, a. wanting attestation. 

Unauthen'tic, a. not authentic, not genuine. 

Unattract'ed, a. not affected by attraction. 

Unauthen'ticated, a. not authenticated. 

Unau'thorized, a. not authorized. 

Unavailable, a. not available, vain. 

Unavail'ableness, s. uselessness. 

Unavailing, a. ineffectual, useless. 

Unaven'ged, a. not avenged, not punished. 

Unavoid'able, a. not avoidable, inevitable. 

Unavoid'ableness, s. inevitability. 

Unavoid'ably, ad. inevitably. 

UnavowSd, a. not acknowledged. 

Unawa'kened, a. not awakened, not roused. 

Unawa're, Unawa'res, ad. unexpectedly. 

Unaw'ed, a. having no fear or dread. 

Unback'ed, a. not countenanced or aided. 

Unba'ked, a. not baked. 

Unbal'anced, a. not balanced, not poised. 

Unban'nered, a. having no banner. 

Unbapti'zed, a. not baptized. 

Unbar', v. to open by removing a bar. 

Unbaib ed, a. not shaven ; without a barb. 

Unbattered, a. not injured by blows. 

Unbeat'en, a. not beaten ; untrodden. 

Unbecoming, a. not becoming ; improper. 

Unbecomingly, ad. in an unbecoming man- 
ner, indecorously. 

Unbecomlngness, s. indecorum. 

Unbefit'ting, a. not befitting, unbecoming. 

Unbefriend'ed, a. not befriended. 

Unbegot'ten, a. not generated, eternal. 

Unbegui'le, v. to undeceive. 

Unbegun', a. not yet begun. 

Unbeheld', a. not beheld, unseen. 

Unbelief, s. want of belief ; infidelity. 

Unbelie've. See Disbelieve. 

Unbelie'ver, s. an infidel. 

Unbelieving, a. incredulous; infidel. 

UnbelovSd, a. not loved. 

Unbend', v. to free from flexure ; to relax. 

Unbending, a. not yielding ; resolute. 

Unben'eficed, a. not having a benefice. 

Unbenev'olent, a. not benevolent, not kind. 

Unbeni'ghted, a. never visited by darkness. 

Unbeni'gn, a. malevolent, malignant. 

Unbent', a. not bent ; relaxed. 

Unbeseeming, a. unbecoming, improper. 

Unbesought', a. not besought, not entreated. 

Unbestow'ed, a. not bestowed, not given. 

Unbetray'ed, a. not betrayed. 

Unbewail'ed, a. not lamented. 

Unbi'as, v. to free from bias. 

Unbi'assed, a. not biassed, impartial. 

Unbi'assedly, ad. without prejudice. 

Unbid'den, a. not bidden, uninvited. 

Unbig'oted, a. free from bigotry. 

Unbi'nd, v. to loose, to untie. 

Unbish'op, v. to deprive of episcopal orders. 
Unbit'ted, a. unbridled, unrestrained. 
Unbla'mable, a. not blamable. 

Unbla'mableness. s. the state or quality ol 

being unblamable. 
Unbla'mably, ad. without blame. 
Unbla'mcd, a. blameless, free from fault. 
Unblast'cd, a. not blasted. 



UNB 



318 



UNC 



Unblemlahable, a. incapable of blemish. 
Unblemished, a. free from blemish. 
TJnblend'ed, a. not blended, not mingled. 
ITnblest', a. not blest, accursed, wretched. 
Unblight'ed, a. not blighted. 
Unblown', a. not yet blown ; unopened. 
Unblush'ing, a. not blushing; shameless, 

insensible to shame. 
Unblushing] y, ad. in an impudent manner. 
Unbod'ied, a. freed or separated from the 

body, incorporeal. 
Unboil'ed, a. not boiled. 
Unbolt', v. to open or remove Dolts. 
Unbolt'ed, a. not bolted or barred ; not 

sifted by a bolter : coarse, gross. 
Unbon'neted. a. without a bonnet or hat. 
Unborn', a. not born yet, future. 
Unborrowed, a. not borrowed, genuine 
Unbo'som, v. to reveal in confidence. 
Unbought', a. not bought, not sold. 
Unbound', a. not bound ; loose. 
Unbound'ed, a. unlimited, unrestrained. 
Unboun'teous, a. not bounteous. 
Unbow'el, v. to eviscerate. 
Unbra'ce, v. to loose, to relax. 
Unbrea'thing, a. unanimated. 
Unbred', a. not well-bred, not taught, rude. 
Unbreech'ed, a. having no breeches. 
Unbrew'ed, a. not brewed; not mixed, pure. 
Unbri'bable, a. not to be bribed. 
Unbri'bed, a. not bribed, not hired, ot in- 
fluenced by gifts. 
Unbri'dle, v. to free from the bridle. 
Unbri'dled. a. not restrained, licentious. 
Unbro'kc, Unbro'ken, a. not broken, not 

tamed or subdued. 
Unbrotb'crly, a. not like a brother. 
Unbuc'lde, v. to loose a buckle. 
Unbuil* a. not yet erected, unfinished. 
Unbur'den, Unbur'then, v. to rid of a load 

or burden ; to rid of any thing which lies 

heavy on the mind. 
Unburled, a. not buried, not interred. 
Unburn'ed, Unburnt', v. not burnt. 
Unbut'ton, v. to loose any thing butto. ed. 
Unca'ge, v. to set free from a cage. 
Uncall'ed, a. not called for, not required. 
Uncancelled, a. not cancelled, not erased. 
Uncan'did, a. void of candour. 
Uncanon'ical, a. not canonical. 
Uncanon'icalness, s. the state of being un- 

canonical. 
Uncan'opied, a. having no canopy. 
Unca'se, v. to take out of a case or cover. 
Uncaught', a. not yet caught or taken. 
Unceas'ing, a. incessant, continual. 
Uncea'singly, ad. without intermiss on. 
Uncel'ebrated, a. not solemnized. 
Unceles'tial, a. not heavenly. 
Uncen'surable, a. not censurable. 
Uucen'sured, a. free from censure. 
Unceremonious, a. not ceremonious. 
Uncer'tain, a. not certain, doubtful. 
Uncertainty, s. want of certainty. 
Unchain', v. to free from chains. 
Unchangeable, a. not to be changed, fixed. 
Uncha'ngeableness, s. unalterablcness. 
Uncha'nged, a. not changed, not altered. 
Unchangeably, ad. without change. 
Uncha'nging, a. suffering no alteration. 
Unchanged, a. not charged, not loaded. 



Uncharitable, a. not charitable. 
Uncharltableness, s. a want of charity. 
Uncharitably, ad. in an uncharitable manner. 
Uncharm', v. to release from the influence of 

a charm or spell. 
Uncha'ste, a. lewd, lustful, impure. 
Unchasti'sable, a. that cannot be chastised. 
Uncbasti'sed, a. not chastised, not restrained. 
Unchas'tity, s. lewdness, incontinence. 
Uncheck'ed, a. not checked, unrestrained. 
Uncheer'ful, a. not cheerful, sad, gloomy. 
Unehew'ed, a. not chewed, not masticated. 
Unchris'tian, a. contrary to the laws of 

Christianity; infidel. 
Unchris'tianly, a. contrary to Christianity : 

ad. in a manner contrary to Christianity. 
Unchurch', v. to deprive of a church ; te 

expel from a chureh. 
Un'cial, a. pertaining to letters of a large 

size, used in ancient manuscripts. 
Uncir'cumcised, a. not circumcised. 
Uncircumcis'ion, s. a want of circumcision. 
Uncir'cumscribed, a. unbounded, unlimited, 
Uncir'cumspect, a. not circumspect. 
Uncircumstan'tial, a. not important. 
Unciv'il, a. unpolite, rude, unkind. 
Uncivilized, a. not civilized, barbarous. 
Uncivilly, ad. impolitely, rudely. 
Unclad', a. not clothed. 
Unclaim'ed, a. not claimed, not demanded. 
Unelar'ified, a. not purified, not refined. 
Unclas'sic, Unclas'sical, a. not classical. 
Unclasp', v. to open what is shut with clasps. 
Un'cle, s. a father or mother's brother. 
Unclean', a. not clean, impure, lewd. 
Unclean'liness, s. want of cleanliness. 
Uncleanly, a. filthy, dirty, unchaste. 
Unelean'ness, s. state of being unclean. 
Unelean'sed, a. not cleansed or purified. 
Unclench', v. to open the hand. 
Unclog', v. to disencumber of. 
Unclo'se, v. to open, to set open. 
Unclo'sed, a. not separated by enclosures. 
Unclo'the, v. to strip of clothes. 
Uncloud', v. to clear from clouclsor obscurity. 
Uncloud'ed, a. free from clouds, clear from 

obscurity, not darkened. 
Uncloud'edness, s. freedom from clouds. 
Uneloud'y, a. not cloudy, clear. 
Unclutch', v. to open the closed hand. 
Uncock'ed, a. not cocked, as a gun, &c. 
Uncoif, v. to pull the coif or cap off. 
Uncoif'ed, a. not wearing a coif. 
Uncoil', v. to open from being coiled. 
Uncoin'ed, a. not coined. 
Uncollected, a. not collected. 
Uncol'ored, a. not colored, not stained. 
Unco'mbed, a. not dressed with a comb. 
Uncombi'nable, a. not combinable. 
Uncombi'ned, a. not combined, separate. 
Uncom'eliness, s. want of comeliness. 
Uncom'ely, a. not comely, not graceful. 
Uncom'fortable, a. not comfortable, uneasy 
Uncom'fortableness, s. want of comfort. 
Ur:com'fortably, ad. without comfort. 
Uncommend'able, a. not commendable. 
Uncomniend'ed, a. not commended. 
Uncommis'erated, a. not commiserated. 
Uncommissioned, a. not commissioned. 
Uncommitted, a. not committed. 
Uncom'mon, a. not common, unusual. 



UNC 



319 



UND 



Uncom'monly, ad. to an uncommon degree. 

Uncom'monness, s. infrequency, rareness of 
occurrence ; rarity. 

Uncommu'nicated, a. not communicated. 

Uncommu'nicative, a. Seelncomnrunicative. 

Uncompact', a. not compact, not close. 

Uncom'panied, a. having no companion. 

Uncompas'sionate, a. incompassionate. 

Uncompellable, a. not compellable. 

Uncompel'lcd, a. not compelled, not forced. 

Uncompensated, a. not rewarded. 

Uncomplain'ing, a. not murmuring. 

Uncomplaisant', a. not complaisant. 

Uncomplaisant'ly, ad. discourteously. 

Uncomple'ted, a. not completed. 

Uncomply'ing, a. not complying, unbending. 

Uncompound'ed, a. not compounded, simple. 

Uncomprehen'sive, a. not comprehensive; 
unable to comprehend. 

Uncompressed, a. not compressed, loose. 

Uncompromising, a. not complying. 

Unconceiv'able, a. not conceivable. 

Unconceiv'ed, a. not thought, not imagined. 

Unconcern', s. negligence, indifference. 

Unconcern'ed, a. not anxious, careless. 

Unconcernedly, ad. with unconcern. 

Unconcern'edness, s. state of unconcern. 

Unconoil'iating, a. not conciliating. 

Unconcoct'ed,«. not concocted, not digested; 
not matured. 

Uncondemn'ed, a. not condemned. 

Unconditional, a. not conditional, absolute. 

Unconditionally, ad. -without conditions. 

Uncondu'cing, a. not leading to. 

Unconfi'ned, a. not confined, unbounded. 

Unconfi'nedly, ad. without limitation. 

Unconfirmed, a. not confirmed. 

Unconform', a. uniike, dissimilar. 

Unconformable, a. not conformable. 

Unconformity, s. want of conformity. 

Unconfu'sed, a. not embarrassed. 

Unconfutable, a. that cannot be confuted. 

Uncongeal'ed, a. not congealed. 

Uncongc'nial, a. not congenial. 

Uncon'jugal , a. unbe fitting a wife or husband. 

Unconnect'ed, a. not connected, vague. 

Unconni'ving, a. not conniving. 

Uncon'querable, a. not conquerable. 

Uncon'querably, ad. invincibly. 

Uncon'quered, a. not subdued ; invincible. 

Uncon'scionable, a. unreasonable ; unjust. 

Uncon'scionableness, s. unreasonableness. 

Unconscionably, ad. unreasonably. 

Uncon'.scious, a. not conscious, unknowing. 

Uncon'sciously, ad. without perception. 

Uncon'sciousness, s. state of being uncon- 
scious ; without a perception of, without a 
knowledge of. 

Uncon'sccratod, a. not yet consecrated. 

Unconsidered, a. not considered. 

Unconsonant, a. not consonant, incongruous. 

Unconstitutional, a. not according to the 
principles of the constitution. 

Unconstitutionally, ad. in a manner at va- 
riance with the laws and usages of the 
constitution. 

Unconstrained, a. free from constraint. 

Unconstrained! y, ad. without constraint. 

Unconstraint', s. freedom from constraint. 

Unconsu'med, a. not consumed ; not wasted. 

Uaconsum'mate, a. not consummated. 



Uncontemn'ed, a. not despised. 
Unconten'ded, a. not disputed. 
Uncontest'ed, a. not contested ; evident. 
Uncontradicted, a. not contradicted. 
Uncon'trite, a. not contrite, not penitent. 
Uncontri'ved, a. not formed by design. 
Uncontrollable, a. not controllable. 
Uncontrollably, ad. without control. 
Uncontrolled, a. not controlled, not resisted. 
Uncon'troverted, a. not controverted. 
Unconvers'able, a. not conversable. 
Uncon'versant, a. not acquainted with. 
Unconverted, a. not converted. 
Unconvinced, a. not convinced. 
Uncord', v. to loose from cords. 
Uncork', v. to draw a cork from 
Uncorrected, a. not corrected. 
Uncorrupt'ed, a. not corrupted. 
Uncorruptible, a. that cannot be corrupted. 
Uncorrupt'ness, s. integrity, uprightness. 
Uncountable, a. innumerable. 
Uncounted, a. not counted, not numbered. 
Uncoun'terfeit, a. not counterfeit, genuine. 
Uncouple, v. to loose dogs from their couples. 
Uncoupled, a. single, not united. 
Uncour'teous, a. uncivil, unpolite, rude. 
Uncour'teously, ad. uncivilly, unpolitely. 
Uncourt'eousness, s. incivility. 
Uncourtliness, s. inelegance, rusticity 
Uncourtly, a. unpolished, awkward. 
Uncouth', a. strange, unusual, odd. 
Uncouthly, ad. oddly, strangely. 
Uncouth'ness, s. oddness, strangeness. 
Uncov'er, v. to divest of a covering. 
Uncrea'te, a. not created ; everlasting. 
Uncrea'ted, a. not yet created, not yet born. 
Uncred'ited, a. not believed. 
Uncrop'ped, a. not cropped, not gathered. 
Uncross'ed, a. uncancelled. 
Uncrowd'ed, a. not crowded, at liberty. 
Uncrown', v. to deprive of a crown. 
Unc'tion, s. an ointment ; an anointing. 
Unc'tuous, a. fat, oily, clammy, greasy. 
Unctuoslty, s. oiliness, greasiness. 
Unc'tuousness, s. unctuosity. 
Uncull'ed, a. not gathered, not selected. 
Uncultivated, a. not cultivated ; not in- 
structed, not civilized. 
Uncurb'ed, a. not curbed, not restrained. 
Uncurl', v. to loose from ringlets. 
Uncurl'ed, a. not collected into ringlets. 
Uncurst', Uncurs'ed, a. not execrated. 
Unourtail'ed, a. not curtailed, not shortened. 
Uncus'tomary, a. not customary, unusual. 
Uncut', a. not cut, whole, entire. 
Undam', v. to free from a dam. 
Undam'aged, a. not impaired. 
Un'dated, a. not dated. 
Undaunt'able, a. not to be daunted. 
Undaunted, a. not daunted, intrepid. 
Undauntedly, ad. boldly, intrepidly. 
Undaunt'edness, s. intrepidity, boldness. 
Undaz'zled, a. not dazzled, unaffected. 
Undebauch'ed, a. not corrupted, pure. 
Undec'agon, s. a figure of eleven angles. 
Undecay'ed, a. not decayed, not worn. 
Undecaylng, a. not suffering decay. 
Undeceiv'able, a. not to be deceived. 
Undecei've, v. to free from deception. 
Undeceiv'ed, a. not deceived. 
Undeci'dable. a. not to be decided. 



UKD 



32(7 



UND 



Undeci'ded, a. not decided, not settled. 

Undecisive, a. not decisive. 

Undeck', v. to divest of ornaments. 

Undeck'ed, a. unadorned. 

Undeclared, a. not declared ; not avowed. 

Undecli'ned, a. not declined; not gramma- 
tically varied by termination. 

Unded'icated, a. not dedicated. 

Undefa'ced, a. not defaced, not blotted oat. 

Undefend'ed, a. not defended. 

Undefined, a. not denied, pure. 

Undefi'nable, a. not definable. 

Undefined, a. not defined, vague. 

Undeform'ed, a. not disfigured ; perfect. 

Undefray'ed, a. not defrayed, not paid. 

Undelib'erated, a. not carefully considered. 

Undeli'ghted, a. not delighted. 

Undemol'ished, a. not demolished. 

Undemon'strable, a. not demonstrable. 

Undeni'able, a. that cannot be denied. 

Undeni'ably, ad. so as not to be denied. 

Undeplo'red, a. not lamented or bewailed. 

Undepra'ved, a. not depraved. 

Undepri'ved, a. not divested by authority. 

Under, ad. and prep, beneath, below. 

Un'der, a. inferior, subject, subordinate. 

Under-a'gent, 5. a subordinate agent. 

Underbear', v. to support, to endure. 

Underbid', v. to offer less than the worth. 

Under-bred', a. of inferior breeding. 

Under-clerk', s. a subordinate clerk. 

Un'dercroft, s. a vault under the choir or 
chancel of a church. 

Undercurrent, s. a current below the sur- 
face of the water. 

Underdo', v. to do too little. 

Un'derfoot, ad. beneath. 

Undergo', v. to sustain, to endure, to bear. 

Undergrad'uate, s. a member of a college 
who has not taken a degree. 

Underground', a. being below the surface of 
the ground: j. a subterraneous place: ad. 
beneath the ground. 

Un'dergrowth, s. shrubs or small trees grow- 
ing under larger ones. 

Un'derhand, a. secret, clandestine. 

Underhand', ad. secretly, clandestinely. 

Underhand'ed, a. underhand, clandestine. 

Underi'ved, a. not derived. 

Under-keep'er, j. any subordinate keeper. 

Under-la'bourer, s. a subordinate workman. 

Underlay', v. to lay under ; to support. 

Underlet', v. to let below the value. 

Underline, v. to draw a line under. 

Un'derling, s. one low in office. 

Un'der-master, s. a subordinate master. 

Undermi'ne, v. to sap or excavate the earth 
beneath; to injure by clandestine means. 

TJndermi'ner, s. one that undermines. 

Un'dermost, a. lowest in place or condition. 

Underneath', ad. below, beneath. 

Under-of'ficer, s. an inferior officer. 

Underog'atory, a. not derogatory. 

Un'derpart, s. a subordinate part. 

Un'derpin, v. to prop, to support. 

Un'derplot, s. a series of events proceeding 
collaterally with the main story of a play 
and subservient to it ; a clandestine scheme. 

Underprai'se, v. to praise below desert. 

Underpri'ze, v. to undervalue. 

Underprop', v. to support, to sustain. 



Underrate, v. to rate or value too Iovr. 
Un'derrate, s. a price less than the value. 
Underscore, v. to mark under. 
Under-sec'retary, s. an assistant secretary. 
Undersell', v. to sell cheaper than another. 
Under-ser'vant, s. an inferior servant. 
Undersetting, s. the lower part ; the pedestal. 
Under-sher'iff, s. the sheriff's deputy. 
Un'dershot, a. moved, as a wheel, by watex 

passing under it. 
Un'dersong. s. chorus ; the burden of a song. 
Understand', v. to comprehend fully ; to hava 

the useof theintelleetualfaculties; tolearn. 
Understand'able, a. that may be understood. 
Understand'er, s. one who understands. 
Understanding. .?. the capacity of knowing 

rationally ; the intellectual powers, the 

intellect; intelligence. 
Understanding, a. knowing, skilful. 
Un'derstrapper, s. an inferior agent. 
Underta'kable, a. that may be undertaken. 
Underta'ke, v. to engage in, to take in hand; 

to attempt ; to hazard ; to promise. 
Underta'ker, s. one who undertakes or en- 
gages to perforin any work or business; 

one who manages funerals. 
Underta'king, s. any work undertaken ; an 

enterprise, an attempt. 
Undertenant, s. the tenant of a tenant. 
Undervaluation, s. the act of undervaluing ' r 

a rate or estimate below the value. 
Underval'ue, v. to rate or value below the 

real worth ; to slight, to despise. 
Underval'uer, s. one who undervalues. 
Un'derwood, s. bushes or shrubs that grow 

among larger trees. 
Un'derwork, s. subordinate work. 
Underwork', v. to work under or at a price 

below the common. 
Under-work'man, s. a subordinate labourer. 
Underwrite, v. to write under something 

else ; to subscribe ; to insure parties from 

loss ; to practise insuring. 
Underwriter, s. an insurer, a subscriber. 
Underwriting, s. the act or practice of in- 
suring property. 
Undescri'bed, a. not described. 
Undescri'ed, a. undiscovered, not seen. 
Undeser'ved, a. not deserved, not merited. 
Undeservedly, ad. without desert. 
UndeserVedness, s. unworthiness. 
Undeserv'er, s. one of no merit. 
Undeserving, a. not deserving, worthless. 
Undeserv'ingiy, ad. without merit. 
Undesi'gned, a. not designed, not intended. 
Undesignedly, ad. unintentionally. 
Undesign'edness, s. want of design. 
Undesi'gning, a. not designing, sincere. 
Undesi'rable, a. not desired. 
Undesi'red, a. not desired, not solicited. 
Undesi'ring, a. not desiring, not wishing. 
Undespair'ing, a. not giving way to despnir. 
Undestroy'ed, a. not destroyed, not wasted. 
Undestroy'able. a. indestructible. 
Undetected, a. not detected, not discovered. 
Undeterminable, a. indeterminable. 
Undeter'minate, a. indeterminate. 
Undeter'niinateness, s. indecision. 
Undetermination, s. in determination. 
Undeter'mined, a. unsettled, undecided. 
Undeter'red, a. not restrained by fear. 



UND 



321 



UNE 



Undeveloped, a. not opened or unfolded. 

Unde'viating, a. not deviating. 

Undevo'ted, a. not devoted, not given up. 

Undevout', a. not devout. 

Undiaph'anous, a. not transparent. 

Undigested, a. not digested, crude. 

TJndig'nified, a. not dignified, mean looking. 

Undimin'ishable, a. not diminishable. 

Undimin'ished, a. not diminished. 

Undiplomatic, a. not according to the rules 
of diplomatic bodies. 

Undip'ped, a. not dipped, not plunged. 

Undirect'ed, a. not directed, not guided, 
not set right. 

Undiscern'ed. a. not discerned, unseen. 

Undiscern'ible, a. not to be discerned. 

Undiscern'ibleness, s. state or quality of 
being undiscernible. 

Undiscera'ibly, ad. imperceptibly. 

Undiseern'ing. a. not discerning, injudicious. 

Undis'ciplined, a. uninstructed, untaught. 

Undiscov'erable, a. not discoverable. 

Undiscovered, a. not discovered, unknown. 

Undisgui'sed, a. not disguised, open, frank. 

Undishon'ored, a. not dishonored. 

Undismay'ed, a. not dismayed. 

Undisper'sed, a. not dispersed. 

Undisplay'ed, a. not displayed, not unfolded. 

Undispu'ted, a. not disputed ; evident. 

Undissem'bled, a. not dissembled. 

Undissem'bliug, a. not dissembling, open, 

Undissolv'able, a. not dissolvable. 

Undissolv'ed, a. not dissolved or melted. 

Undissolving, a. not dissolving or melting. 

Undistem'pered, a. free from disease. 

Undistin'guishable, a. not distinguishable. 

Undistin'guishably, ad. -without distinction. 

Undistin'guished, a. not distinguished. 

Undistin'guishing, a. making no difference. 

Undistort'ed, a. not distorted, not perverted. 

Undistract'ed, a. not perplexed. 

Undistract'edly, ad. without distraction. 

Undistract'edness, s. freedom from distrac- 
tion or perplexity. 

Undistributed, a. not distributed. 

Undisturb'ed, a. not disturbed, quiet. 

Undisturb'edly, ad. calmly, peacefully. 

Undisturb'edness, s. the state of being undis- 
turbed; free from disturbance. 

Undivert'ed, a. not diverted, not amused. 

Undivi'dable, a. indivisible. 

Undivi'ded. a. not divided, entire. 

Undivi'dedly, ad. so as not to be parted. 

Undivor'ced, a. not divorced, not parted. 

Undivul'ged, a. not divulged, secret. 

Undo', v. to reverse what has been done; to 
destroy, to ruin. 

Undo'cr, s. one who undoes or ruins. 

Undo'ing, s. the reversal of what has been 
done; destruction, ruin. 

Undon'e, a. not done ; ruined, destroyed. 

Undoubt'ed, a. not doubted, indubitable. 

Undoubtedly, ad. without doubt. 

Undoubtful, a. not doubtful, evident. 

Undoubt'ing, a. nor doubting. 

Undrain'ed, a. not freed from water. 

Undramat'ic, a. not dramatical. 

Undrawn', a. not drawn. 

Undread'ed, a. not dreaded or feared. 

Undream'ed, a. not dreamed or thought of. 

Un'dress, s. a loose or negligent dress. 



Undress', v. to take off the clothes. 
Undress'ed, a. not dressed ; not cooked. 
Undri'ed, a. not dried. 
Undriv'en, a. not driven. 
Undroop'ing, a. not drooping. 
Undu'e, a. not due, not rigk,; excessive. 
Un'dulary, a. moving as a wave. 
Un'dulate, v. to move as wave3. 
Un'dulated, a. resembling waves. 
Un'dulating, a. having a wavy motion. 
Undula'tion, s. a waving motion. 
Un'dulatory, a. moving as a wave. 
Undu'ly, ad. in an undue manner. 
Undu'teous, a. not duteous, disobedient. 
Undu'tiful, a. not dutiful, disobedient. 
Undu'tifully, ad. disobediently. 
Undu'tifulness, s. disobedience. 
Undy'ing, a. not perishing, immortal. 
Unearn'ed, a. not earned, not merited. 
Unearth'ed, a. driven from a burrow. 
Unearth'ly, a. not terrestrial, not human. 
Unea'sily, ad. with some degree of pain. 
Unea'siness, s. some degree of pain, disquiet. 
Unea'sy, a. not at ease, disturbed. 
Unea'ten, a. not eaten. 
Uned'ifying, a. not edifying. 
Uned'ucated, a. not educated, illiterate. 
Unelect'ed, a. not elected, not chosen. 
Unel'igible, a. See Ineligible. 
Unembarrassed, a. not embarrassed. 
Unemploy'ed, a. not employed, idle. 
Unenchant'ed, a. not enchanted. 
Unendow'ed, a. not endowed. 
Unenjoy'ed, a. not enjoyed, not possessed. 
Unenlar'ged, a. not enlarged. 
Unenli'ghtened, a. not enlightened. 
Unensla'ved, a. not enslaved, free. 
Unentan'gled, a. not entangled. 
Unen'terprising, a. not enterprising. 
Unentertai'ning, a. not entertaining, dull. 
Unenthrall'ed, a. free from thraldom. 
Unentomb'ed, a. not entombed, unburied. 
Unen'vied, a. exempt from envy. 
Une'quable, a. different from itself. 
Une'qual, a. not equal ; inferior ; not just. 
Une'qualable, a. not to be equalled. 
Une'qualJed, a. not equalled ; unparalleled. 
Une'qually, ad. not equally. 
Une'qualness, s. state of being unequal. 
Unequitable, a. not equitable, not just 
Unequivocal, a. not equivocal. 
Unequivocally, ad. without doubt. 
Uner'rable, a. incapable of error. 
Uner'ring, a. certain, not mistaking. 
Uner'ringly, ad. without, mistake. 
Unessay'ed, a. unattempted. 
Unessential, a. not essential. 
Unossen'tial, s. an unessential part. 
Unestab'lished, a. not established. 
Une'ven, a. not even, not level, not equal. 
Une'venly, ad. in an uneven manner. 
Une'venness, s. inequality of surface ; want 

of uniformity. 
Unexac'ted. a. not exacted. 
Unexa"ggerated, a. not exaggerated. 
Unexam'inable, a. not to be examined. 
Unexamined, a. not examined, not tried. 
Unexam'pled, a. without example. 
Unexceptionable, a. not exceptionable. 
Unexcep'tionableness, s. state or quality ei 

being unexceptionable. 

P3 



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Unexcep'tionably, ad. in a manner not liable 

to exception or objection. 
Unexci'sed, a. not subject to excise duty. 
Unexci'ted, a. not excited, not roused. 
Unexecuted, a. not executed, not performed. 
Unexem'plihed, a. not exemplified. 
Unexempt', a. not exempt, not privileged. 
Unexercised, a. not exercised. 
Unexhausted, a. not exhausted, not spent. 
Unexist'ent, a. not in existence. 
Unexercised, a. not cast out by exorcism. 
Unexpand'ed, a. not expanded. 
Unexpected, a. not expected; sudden. 
Unexpectedly, ad. suddenly. 
Unexpectedness, 5. suddenness. 
Unexpe'rienced, a. inexperienced. 
Unexpe'dient, a. inexpedient. 
Unexpended, a. not expended, not laid out. 
Unexpert', a. wanting skill, awkward. 
Uncxpi'red, a. not expired, not ended. 
Unexplain'able, a. inexplicable. 
Unexplained, a. not explained. 
Unexplo'red, a. not explored. 
Unexposed, a. not exposed. 
Unexpound'ed, a. not expounded. 
Unexpres'sed, a. not expressed. 
Unexpress'ible, a. See Inexpressible. 
Unexpres'sive, a. not expressive. 
Unextended, a. not extended. 
Unextin'guishable, a. not extinguishable 
Unextinguished, a. not extinguished. 
Unfa'ded, a. not faded, not decayed. 
Unfailing, a. not liable to fade. 
Unfa'dingness, s. quality of being unfading. 
Unfail'able, a. that cannot fail. 
Unfailing, a. not failing, certain. 
Unfair', a. not fair, not honest. 
Unfairly, a. not fairly, unjustly. 
Unfairness, s. unfair dealing. 
Unfaith'ful, a. not faithful, treacherous. 
Unfaith'fully, ad. perfidiously. 
Unfaith fulness, s. treachery, perfidy. 
Unfal'lowed, a. not fallowed. 
Unfamiliar, a. not familiar. 
Unfashionable, a. not fashionable. 
Unfash'ionableness, s. neglect of fashion. 
Unfash'ionably, ad. not fashionably. 
Unfash'ioned, a. not formed, shapeless. 
Unfas'ten, v. to loose, to unfix, to open. 
Unfathemable, a. not fathomable. 
Unfathemableness, s. state or quality of 

being unfathomable. 
Unfatb/oinably, ad. so as not to be fathomed. 
Unfathemed, a. not fathomed, not sounded. 
Unfati'gued, a. not fatigued, unwearied. 
Unfavorable, a. not favorable, not kind. 
Unfavorably, ad. unpropitiously. 
Unfeai-ed, a. not feared ; not dreaded. 
Unfea'sible, a. not feasible. 
Unfeatb/ercd, a. naked of feathers, bare. 
Unfea'tured, a. wanting regular features. 
Unfed', a. not fed, hungry. 
Unfeed', a. not feed, not paid; not bribed. 
Unfeeling, a. without feeling, insensible. 
Unfeelingly, ad. without feeling. 
Unfeellngness, s. want of feeling. 
Unfeign'ed. a. not feigned, sincere, real. 
Unfeign'edly, ad. really, sincerely. 
Unfelt', a. not felt, not perceived. 
Unfenee, v. to take away a fence. 
Unl'eneed, a. not fenced/not enclosed. 



Unferment'ed, a. not fermented. 

Unfertile, a. not fertile, barren. 

Unfet'ter, v. to free from fetters. 

Unfil'iai, a. not filial. 

Unfilled, a. not filled. 

Unfinished, a. not finished, not perfect. 

Unfirm', a. not firm, not stable. 

Unfit', a. not fit, not qualified; improper. 

Unfit', v. to disqualify. 

Unfitly, ad. not properly, not suitably. 

Unfit'ness, s. want of suitableness. 

Untitling, a. not becoming, not proper. 

Unfix 7 , v. to loosen; to unsettle. 

Unfix'ed, a. not fixed, not settled, vagrant, 

Unfix'edness, s. the state of being unfixed. 

Unfiag'ging, a. not flagging, not drooping. 

Unflat'tered, a. not flattered. 

Unflat'tering, a. not flattering, sincere. 

Unfled'ged, a. not covered with feathers. 

Unflesh'ed, a. not fleshed ; raw. 

Unflinching, a. not flinching, not shrinking. 

Unfoil'ed, a. not foiled, not defeated. 

Unfold, v. to spread out ; to declare. 

Unfool', v. to restore from folly. 

Unforbearlng, a. not forbearing. 

Unforbidden, a. not forbidden, allowed. 

Unforbidden'ness, s. the state or quality of 
being unforbidden. 

Unfo'rced, a. not forced, not compelled. 

Unfo'rcible, a. wanting force or strength. 

Unfo'rdable, a. that cannot be forded. 

Unforebo'ding, a. giving no omens or signs. 

Unforeknown', a. not previously known. 

Unforeseen', a. not seen or known before. 

Unforeto'ld, a. not foretold, not predicted. 

Unforewarn'ed, a. not forewarned. 

Unfor'feited, a. not forfeited. 

Unforgiv'en, a. not forgiven. 

Unforgiving, a. not forgiving, implacable. 

Unforgot'ten, a. not forgotten. 

Unform'ed, a. not formed, not shaped. 

Unforsa'ken, a. not forsaken, not deserted. 

Unfor 'titled, a. not fortified, defenceless. 

Unfor'tunate, a. not fortunate, unlucky. 

Unfor'tunately, ad. unhappily. 

Unfor'tunateness ; s. ill luck, ill fortune. 

Unfought', a. not fought. 

Unfound', a. not found, not met with. 

Unfound'cd, a. without foundation or au- 
thority, groundless ; not being yet founded. 

Untrained, a. not framed, not fashioned. 

Unfrater'nal, a. not fraternal or brotherly. 

Unfrequent', v. to cease to frequent. 

Unfre'quent, a. not frequent, not common. 

U n frequent'ed, a. not frequented. 

Unfre'quently, ad. not often, seldom. 

Unfri'able, a. not easily crumbled. 

Unfriend'ed, a. wanting friends, destitute. 

Unfriendliness, s. want of kindness. 

Unfriendly, a. not friendly, not'kind. 

Unfro'zen, a. not frozen, not congealed. 

Unfruit'ful, a. not fruitful, barren, waste. 

Unfruit fulness, s. infecundity, barrenness. 

Unfulfilled, a. not fulfilled. 

Unfurl', v. to unfold, to spread out. 

Unfur'nish, v. to strip of furniture. 

Unfurnished, a. not furnished. 

Unfu'sed, a. not fused, not melted. 

Ungainly, a. awkward, uncouth- 

Ungain'ful, a. unprofitable 

Ungall'ed, a. not galled , un wounded 



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Ungar'nished, a. not garnished, unadorned. 

Ungar'risonod, a. not garrisoned. 

Ungar'tcred, a. without gartcr3 ; slovenly. 

Ungath'ered, a. not gathered. 

Ungen'eratcd, a. unbegotten. 

Ungen'crative, a. begetting nothing. 

TJngen'erou.s, a. not generous. 

Ungen'crously, ad. not generously. 

Unge'nial, a. not genial. 

Ungentonl', a. not genteel, not polite. 

Ungentoel'lv, ad. in an ungentecl manner. 

Ungen'tlo, a. not gentle, harsh, rudo. 

Ungen'tlemanlike, Ungen'tlcmanly, a. un- 
like or unbecoming a gentleman. 

Ungen'tleness, s. rudeness, harshness. 

Ungent'ly, ad. harshly, rudely. 

Ungeomet'rical, a. not geometrical. 

Ungift'ed, a. not gifted. 

Ungild'ed, a. not gilded. 

Ungird', v. to loose a girdle or girth. 

Ungirt', a. unbound ; loosely dressed. 

Ungiv'ing, a. not bringing gifts. 

Ungla'zed, a. not covered with glass. 

Unglo'rified, a. not glorified. 

Unglo'rious, a. bringing no glory or honor. 

Unglov'ed, a. having the hand naked. 

Unglu'e, v to loose any thing cemented. 

Ungod'lily, ad. wickedly, impiously. 

TJngod'lincss, s. impiety, wickedness. 

Ungod'ly, a. wicked, irreligious, profane. 

Ungor'ged, a. not gorged, not sated. 

Ungovernable, a. that cannot be governed. 

Ungovernably, ad. so as not to be restrained. 

UngoYerned, a. licentious, unbridled. 

Ungra'ceful, a. not graceful, awkward. 

TJngra'oefully, ad. awkwardly, inelegantly. 

Ungratefulness, j. inelegance. 

Ungra'cious, a. not gracious, offensive, rude. 

Ungra'ciously, ad. in an ungracious manner. 

Ungrammat'ical, a. not grammatical. 

Ungrammatically, ad. contrary to grammar. 

Ungrant'ed, a. not granted, not yielded. 

Ungra'teful, a. not grateful. 

Ungracefully, ad. with ingratitude. 

Ungra'teful ness, s. ingratitude. 

Ungrat'ified, a. not gratified. 

Unground'ed, a. having no foundation. 

Unguard'ed, a. not guarded ; careless. 

Unguard'edly, ad. without guard or caution. 

Un'guent, s. an ointment. 

Ungui'ded, a. not guided, not directed. 

Un'gulate, a. shaped like a hoof. 

Unhab'itable, a. uninhabitable. 

Unhack'neyed, a. not hackneyed. 

Unhal'low, v. to profane. 

Unhal'lowed, a. unholy, profane. 

Unhand', v. to loose from the hand, to let go. 

Unhan'dled, a. not handled, not touched. 

Unhand'somo, a. ungraceful, uncivil. 

Unhand'somcly, ad. in an unhandsomo or 
ungracious manner. 

Unhand'somencss, s. incleganco; incivility. 

Unhan'dy, a. awkward, not dexterous. 

Unhang'od, a. not put to death by hanging 
or the gallows. 

Unhappily, ad. miserably, unfortunately. 

Unhap'piness, s. misery, misfortune. 

Unhap'py, a. unfortunato, miserable. 

Unhar'asscd, a. not vexed or troubled. 

Unhar'bourcd, a. not harboured or sheltered. 

Unhard'cned, a. not hardened. 



Unharm'ocl, a. not harmed, uninjured, safo. 
Unharm'ful, a. not harmed, innoxious. 
Unharmo'nious, a. unmusical, harsh. 
Unhar'ncss, v. to loose from harness. 
Unhatch'ed, a. not hatched; not disclosed. 
Unhaunt'ed, a. not haunted or frequented. 
Unhaz'arded, a. not hazarded. 
Unhealth'ful, a. not healthful, sickly. 
Unhealthily, ad. in an unhealthy manner. 
Unhealth'iness, s. slate of being unhealthy 
Unhealth'y, a. not healthy, sickly. 
Unheard', a. not heard, unknown. 
Unheed'ed, a. not heeded, disregarded. 
Unheed'ful, a. careless, inattentive. 
Unheed'ing, a. negligent, careless. 
Unheed'y, a. precipitate, sudden. 
Unhelp'ed, a. unassisted, unsupported. 
Unhelp'ful, a. giving no assistance. 
Unhewn', a. not hewn, not shaped. 
Unhin'dered, a. not hindered, not opposed. 
Unhiu'ge, v. to take from the hinges; to 

unsettle ; to disorder. 
Unhoard', v. to steal or take from a hoard. 
Unho'liness, s. profaneness, wickedness. 
Unho'ly, a. profane, impious, wicked. 
Unhon'ored, a. not honored ; slighted. 
Unhook', v. to loose from the hook. 
Unhoop', a. to divest or strip of hoops. 
Unho'pcful, a. having no room for hope. 
Unhor'se, v. to throw from the saddle. 
Unhos'pitable, a. not kind to strangers. 
Unhou'se, v. to deprive of a habitation. 
Unhou'sed, a. homeless, driven out. 
Unhou'seled, a. without the sacrament. 
Unhum'bled, a. not humbled, haughty. 
Unhurt', a. not hurt, free from harm. 
Unhurt'ful, a. not hurtful, harmless. 
Unhurt'fully, ad. without any harm. 
Unhusk', v. to take off the hiisk. 
U'nicorn, s. an animal with one horn. 
U'niform, a. having always the same form 

or manner ; not variable ; similar. 
U'niform, s. a similar dress, the regimental 

dress of a soldier. 
Unide'al, a. not ideal, real. 
Uniform'ity, s. state of being uniform. 
U'niformly, ad. in a uniform manner. 
Unigen'iture, s. a theological term. 
Uni"genous, a. of one kind or genus. 
Unima"ginable, a. not to be imagined. 
Unima"ginably, ad. so as not to be imagined. 
Unima"gined, a. not conceived in the mind. 
Unim'itable, a. See Inimitable 
Unimmor'tal. a. not immortal 
Unimpair'able, a. not liable to be impaired. 
Unimpair'cd, a. not impaired, uninjured. 
Unimpass'ioned, a. not inipass.oned,.calm, 

spiritless ; quiet. 
Un impeach/able, a. not impeachable. 
Unimpeach'ed, a. not impeached. 
Unimpe'ded, a. not impeded or hindered. 
Unimpor'tant, a. not important, trifling. 
Unimportu'ned, a. not importuned. 
Unimpo'sing, a. not imposing. 
Unimpro'vable, a. not improvable. 
Unimprov'ed, a. not improved. 
Unimpro'ving, a. not improving. 
Unincreas'able, a. that cannot be increased. 
Unincumbered, a. not incurahered. 
Unindor'sod, a. not indorsed. 
Uninfected, a. not infected. 



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Uninfec'tious, a. not infectious. 
Uninflam'mable, a. not inflammable. 
Uninfla'med, a. not inflamed. 
Unin'fluenced, a. not influenced. 
Uninform'ed, a. not informed, not instructed. 
Uninge'nious, a. not ingenious. 
Uningen'uous, a. not ingenuous. 
Uniuhab'itable, a. not fit to be inhabited. 
Uninhab'itableness, s. the quality or state 

of being uninhabitable. 
Uninhab'ited, a. not inhabited. 
Unini"tiated, a. not initiated. 
Uninsured, a. not injured, unhurt, safe. 
Uninquis'itive, a. not inquisitive. 
Uninscri'bed, a. having no inscription. 
Uninspi'red, a. not inspired. 
Uninstruct'ed, a. not instructed, not taught. 
Uninstruct'ive, a. not instructive. 
Uninsu'red, a. not insured against loss. 
Unintel'ligent, a. not intelligent. 
Unintelligibil'ity, Unintel'ligibleness, s. the 

quality of being unintelligible. 
Unintelligible, a. not intelligible. 
Unintelligibly, ad. not intelligibly. 
Unintend'ed, a. not intended, not designed. 
Uninten'tional, a. not intentional. 
Uninten'tionally, ad. not intentionally. 
Unin'terested, a. not interested. 
Unin'teresting, a. exciting no interest. 
Unintermit'ted, a. not intermitted. 
Unintermit'ting, a. not intermitting. 
Unintermix'ed, a. not intermixed. 
Uninter'polated, a. not interpolated. 
Uninterpreted, a. not interpreted. 
Uninterrupt'ed, a. not interrupted. 
Uninterruptedly, ad. without interruption. 
Unintrench'ed, a. not intrenched. 
Unintrodu'ced, a. not introduced. 
Uninu'red, a. not inured, not habituated. 
Uninvent'ed, a. not invented. 
Uninvest'ed, a. not invested. 
Uninves'tigable, a. not to be searched out. 
Uninvi'ted, a. not invited, not asked. 
U'nion, s. the act of joining two or more, so 

as to make them one; concord. 
Unip'arous, a. producing one at a birth. 
Uni'que, [Fr.] a. sole ; without an equal. 
U nison, s. a sameness or agreement of sounds: 

a. sounding at one or the same. 
Unis'onous, a. being in unison. 
U'nit, s. one ; the least whole number. 
Unita'rian, s. one who ascribes divinity to 

God the Father only. 
Unita'rianism, s. the doctrines of Unitarians. 
Uni'te, v. to join into one ; to grow into one ; 

to make to agree ; to concur. 
Uni'tedly, ad. with union or consent. 
Uni'ter, s. he who or that which unites. 
U'nity, s. the state of being one; concord, 

agreement, uniformity. 
U'nivalvo, a. having one valve : s. a shell 

having one valve only. 
Unival'vular, a. having one valve only. 
Universal, a. the whole, all, total, general : 

s. tho whole ; a general proposition. 
Unive/salism, s. the doctrine of the future 

salvation of every man. 
Univer'salist, s. one who believes that all 

men will be saved. 
Universal'ity, s. state of being universal. 
Univer'sally, ad. throughout the whole. 



Univer'salness, s. universality. 
U'niverse, s. the whole system of creation. 
Univer'sity, s. a school or college where all 

the arts and sciences are taught and studied. 
Unr/ocal, a. having one meaning only, not 

equivocal, certain. 
Univ'ocally, ad. in one and the same sense. 
Univoca'tion, s. agreement of name and 

meaning, not an equivocation. 
Unjoint'ed, a. having no joints ; disjointed. 
Unjoy'ful, a. not joyful, sad. 
Unjoy'ous, a. not joyous, not cheerful. 
Unjudg'ed, a. not judged. 
Unjust', a. not just, iniquitous. 
Unjus'tifiable, a. not justifiable. 
Unjustifi'ableness, s. the quality of not being 

justifiable. 
Unjus'tifiably, ad. so as not to be justified. 
Unjus'tified, a. not justified. 
Unjust'ly, ad. not justly, wrongfully. 
Unken'nel, v. to drive from a kennel. 
Unkept', a. not kept, not observed. 
Unkind', a. not kind ; unnatural. 
Unkind'liness, s. want of kindliness. 
Unkind'ly, a. not kindly ; unnatural. 
Unkind'ly, ad. without kindness. 
Unkind'ness, s. want of kindness ; ill-will. 
Unking'ly, a. unbecoming a king. 
Unkiss'ed, a. not kissed. 
Unknight'ly, a. not becoming a knight. 
Unknit', v. to unweave ; to open. 
Unknot', v. to free from knots, to untie. 
Unknow'able, a. that cannot be known. 
Unknow'ing, a. not knowing. 
Unknowingly, ad. ignorantly. 
Unknown', a. not known, not discovered. 
Unla'boured, a. not laboured, not produced 

by labour, spontaneous. 
Unla'ce, v. to loose a thing laced up. 
Unla'de, v. to unload, to discharge a cargo-. 
Unlaid', a. not placed, not fixed. 
Unlament'ed, a. not lamented. 
Unlap', v. to unfold, to unwrap. 
Unlatch', v. to open by lifting a latch. 
Unlaw'ful, a.' contrary to law, unjust. 
Unlawfully, ad. in an unlawful manner. 
Unlaw'fulness, s. contrariety to law. 
Unlearn', v. to get rid of what is learned. 
Unlearn'ed, a. not learned, ignorant. 
Unlearn'edly, ad. ignorantly. 
Unleav'ened, a. not leavened. 
Unless', conj. except, if not. 
Unles'soned, a. not instructed, not taught. 
Unlet'tered, a. unlearned, ignorant. 
Unlev'elled, a. not cut or made even. 
Unli'eensed, a. having no licence or leave. 
Unlick'ed, a. not licked; shapeless. 
Unlight'ed, a. not kindled, not set on fire. 
Unli'ke, a. not like, unlikely. 
Unli'kelihood, s. improbability. 
Unli'kely, a. improbable : ad. improbably. 
Unli'keness, s. want of resemblance. 
Unlim'itable, a. admitting no bounds. 
Unlimited, a. not limited, un confined. 
Unlim'itedly, ad. without bounds. 
Unlim'itedness, s. state of being unlimited. 
Unlin'eal, a. not in the order of succession. 
Unlink', v. to loose from a link, to open. 
Unliquidated, a. not liquidated ; not settled. 
Unliq'uified, a. unmelted, undissolved. 
Unli'veliness, j. want of liveliness. 



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Unli'vely, a. not lively, dull. 

Unload', v. to take a load from, to disburden. 

Unlock', v. to open a lock ; to solve. 

Unlock'ed, a. not fastened with a lock. 

Unlook'ed-for, a. not expected, not foreseen. 

Unloo'se, v. to loose ; to fall in pieces. 

Unlov'ed, a. not loved. 

Unlov'elmess, s. quality of being unlovely. 

Unlov'ely, a. not lovely, not amiable. 

Unlov'ing, a. not loving, not fond. 

Unluck'ily, ad. unfortunately, by ill luck. 

Unluck'iness, s. want of luck, misfortune. 

Unluck'y, a. unfortunate; mischievous. 

Unlus'trous, a. wanting lustre. 

Unlu'te, v. to separate vessels luted or closed 
with chymical cement. 

Unma'de, a. not made ; not yet formed. 

Unmaid'enly, a. unbecoming a maiden. 

Unmaim'ed, a. not maimed, complete. 

Unma'ke, v. to deprive of form or being ; to 
deprive of former qualities. 

Unmal'leable, a. not malleable. 

Unman', v. to deprive of the spirit or quali- 
ties of a man ; to deprive of men. 

Unmanageable, a. not manageable. 

Unman'aged, a. not broken, not tutored. 

Unman'ly, Unmanli'ke, a. unbecoming a 
man, effeminate. 

Unman'nered, a. rude, uncivil. 

Unman'nerliness, s. rude behaviour. 

Unman'nerly, a. ill-bred, rude, uncivil. 

Unmanu'red, a. not manured. 

Unmark'ed, a. not marked, not regarded. 

Unmar'red, a. not marred, not spoiled. 

Unmar'ried, a. not married, single. 

\j nmar'ry, v. to divorce. 

Unmas'culine, a. not manly, effeminate. 

Unmask', v. to take off a mask; to lay open. 

Unmask'ed, a. not masked ; open to view. 

Unmas'terable, a. that cannot be mastered. 

Unmas'tered, a. not mastered, not conquer- 
ed, unsubdued. 

Unmatch'able, a. that cannot be matched. 

Unmatch'ed, a. having no equal, matchless. 

Unmean'ing, a. having no meaning. 

Unmeant', a. not intended. 

Unmeas'urable, a. that cannot be measured. 

Unmeas'urably, ad. beyond all measure. 

Unmeas'ured, a, not measured, immense. 

Unmed'dling, a. not interfering with others. 

Unmeditated, a. without previous thought. 

Unmeet', a. not meet, unfit, improper. 

Unmeet'ly, ad. not properly, not suitably. 

Unmeet'ness, s. unfitness, unsuitableness. 

Unmel'lowed, a. not fully ripened. 

Unmelo'dious, a. not melodious, harsh. 

Unmelt'ed, a. not melted, not dissolved. 

Unmen'tioned, a. not told, not named. 

Unmerchantable, a. not fit for sale. 

Unmer'ciful, a. not merciful, cruel. 

Unmercifully, ad. without mercy. 

Unmer'cit'ulness, s. want of m^cy, cruelty. 

Unmer'itable, a. having no merit. 

CJnmer'ited, a. not merited, not deserved. 

Unm"r'itedness, s. state of being unmerited. 

Unmtlk'ed, a. not milked. 

Unmi'ndcd, a. not minded, not heeded. 

Unmindful, a. not mindful, inattentive. 

Unmi'ndtuiiy, ad. heedlessly. 

Unmi'ndfulness, s. heedlessness. 

Unmin'gle, v. to separate things mixed. 



Unmin'gled, a. not mixed, pure. 
Unmit'igable, a. that cannot be mitigated. 
Unmit'igated, a. not mitigated. 
Unmix'ed, a. not mixed ; pure. 
Unmoist'ened, a. not moistened. 
Unmolest'ed, a. not molested. 
Unmon'eyed, a. not having money. 
Unmoor', v. to heave up an anchor. 
Unmortgaged, a. not mortgaged. 
Unmor'tified, a. not mortified. 
Unmoth'orly, a. not becoming a mother. 
Unmourn'ed, a. not mourned for. 
Unmo'vable, a. immovable. 
Unmo'ved, a. not moved : not affected. 
Unmo'ving, a. not moving : not affecting. 
Unmuf'fle, v. to take off a covering. 
Unmur'muring, a. not murmuring. 
Unmu'sical, a. not musical, harsh. 
Unmu'tilated, a. not mutilated, entire. 
Unmuz'zle, v. to take off a muzzle. 
Unna'med, a. not named, not spoken of. 
Unnat'ural, a. not natural, forced. 
Unnat'urally, ad. in an unnatural manner. 
Unnat'uralness, s. contrariety to nature. 
Unna-Zigable, a. not navigable. 
Unne"cessarily, ad. without necessity. 
Unnecessary, a. not necessary, needless. 
Unneed'ful, a. needless, not wanted. 
Unneigh'bourly, a. not neighbourly. 
UnnerVate, a. weak, feeble. 
Unner've, v. to deprive of nerve, to weaken 
Unnerv'ed, a. deprived of nerve, weak. 
Unno'ted, a. not noted ; not regarded. 
Unno'ticed, a. not noticed ; unobserved. 
Unnum'bered, a. not numbered. 
Unobey'ed, a. not obeyed. 
Unobjectionable, a. not objectionable. 
Unoblit'erated, a. not obliterated. 
Unobnox'ious, a. not obnoxious. 
Unobscu'red, a. not obscured. 
Unobse'quious, a. not obsequious. 
Unobse'quiousness, s. incompliance. 
Unobserv'able, a. not observable. 
Unobserv'ance, s. want, of observation. 
Unobservant, a. not observant, inattentive. 
Unobserv'ed, a. not observed, not regarded. 
Unobserv'edly, ad. without being observed. 
Unobserv'ing, a. not observing, not heedful. 
Unobstruct'ed, a. not obstructed. 
Unobstruct'ive, a. not raising any obstacle. 
Unobtainable, a. that cannot be obtained. 
Unobtain'ed, a. not obtained, not gained. 
Unobtru'sive, a. not obtrusive, modest. 
Unob'vious, a. not obvious. 
Unoc'cupied, a. not occupied, not inhabited. 
Unoffend'ing, a. harmless, innocent. 
Unof fered, a. not proposed to acceptance. 
UnoffT'cial, a. not official. 
Uno'pened, a. not opened, closely shut. 
Unop'erative, a. See Inoperative. 
Unoppo'sed, a. not opposed, not withstood. 
Unor'ganized, a. not organized. 
Unoriginal, a. not original ; derived ; hav« 

ing no birth ; ungenerated. 
Unornamen'tal, a. not ornamental, plain. 
Unor'namented, a. not ornamented. 
Unor'thodox, a. not orthodox. 
Unostenta'tious, a. not ostentatious. 
Unown'ed, a. having no owner. 
Unpacif'ic, a. not of a peaceable turn. 
Unpa"cificd, a. not pacified, not calmed. 



UNP 



326 



UNP 



Unpack', v. to open a pack, to disburden. 
Unpack'ed, a. not packed, not collected. 
Unpaid', a. not paid, not discharged. 
Unpain'ful, a. not painful, giving uo pain. 
Unpal'atable, a. nauseous, disagreeable. 
Unpar'agoned, a. unequalled, unmatched. 
Unpar'alleled, a. having no equal. 
Unpar'donable, a. not to be forgiven. 
Unpar'donably, ad. beyond forgiveness. 
Unpardoned, a. not pardoned, not forgiven. 
Unpar'doning, a. unforgiving. 
Unpar'liarnentariness, s. contrariety to the 

usage or constitution of parliament. 
Unparliamentary, a. contrary to the rules 

and usages of parliament. 
Unpart'ed. a. not parted, not divided. 
Unpass'able, a. See Impassable. 
Unpas'sionately, ad. See Dispassionately. 
Unpas'toral, a. not pastoral, not becoming 

pastoral manners. 
Unpath'ed, a. pathless, untracked. 
Unpatliet'ic, a. not moving the passions. . 
Unpat'ronized, a. not haying a patron. 
Unpat'terned, a. having no equal. 
Unpa'vcd. a. not paved. 
Unpawn'ed, a. not pawned, not pledged. 
Unpea'ceable, a. not peaceable, quarrelsome. 
Unpeg', v. to pull or let out a peg. 
Unpen', v. to loose from a pen. 
Unpen sioned, a. not pensioned. 
Unpco'ple. v. to depopulate. 
Unpercciv'able, a. imperceptible. 
Unperceiv'ed, a. not observed, not seen. 
Unperceiv'eiily, ad. so as not to be per- 
ceived. 
Unperform'ed, a. not performed, not done. 
Unper'ishable, a. See Imperishable. 
Unper'isbed, a. not perished, not destroyed. 
Unper'jured, a. free from perjury. 
Unperplex', v. to relieve from perplexity. 
Unpcrplex'cd. a. not perplexed. 
Unperspi'rable, a. not perspirable. 
Unpersua'dable, a. impersuasible. 
Unpervert'ed, a. not perverted. 
Unpet'rified, a. not turned to stone. 
Unphilosoph'ical, a. not philosophical. 
Unphilosoph'ieally, ad- not philosophically. 
Unphilosopb'icalness, s. incongruity or want 

of consistency with philosophy. 
Unphilos'ophize, v. to degrade from the 

character of a philosopher. 
Unpier'ced, a. not pierced ; sound, 'whole. 
Unpii'lowed, a. having no pillow. 
Unpin', v. to open what is pinned or shut. 
Unpink'ed, a. not pinked, not set off. 
Unpit'ied, a. not pitied, not lamented. 
Unpit'iful, a. not merciful, not exciting pity. 
Unpit'ifully, ad. without pity. 
Unpit'ying, a. having no pity. 
Unplant'ed, a. not planted ; spontaneous. 
Unplau'sible, a. not plausible. 
Unplau'sive, a. not approving. 
Unplead'able, a. that cannot be pleaded. 
Unpleas'ant, a. not pleasant, uneasy. 
Unpleas'antly, ad. not pleasantly, uneasily. 
Unpleas'antness, s. disagreeableness. 
Unplea'sed, a. not pleased. 
Unplea'sing, a. not pleasing, offensive. 
Unplea'singness, s. want of qualities to 

please. 
Unpledged, a. not pledged, free. 



Unpli'able, a. not pliable, not easily bent. 

Unpli'ant, a. not bending to another. 

Unplou'ghed, a. not ploughed. 

Unplu'me. v. to strip of plumes or feathers ; 
to humiliate. 

Unpoet'ical, a. not poetical. 

Unpoet'ically, ad. in an unpoetical manner. 

Unpoint'ed, a. without point; having no 
stops of punctuation. 

Unpoiz'cd, a. wanting equipoise. 

Unpol'ished, a. not polished, uncivilized4 

Unpoli'te, a. See Impolite. 

Unpoli'teiiess, s. See Impoliteness. 

Unpo'lled, a. not registered as a voter. 

Unpollu'ted, a. not defiled or corrupted. 

Unpop'ular, a. not popular, disliked. 

Unpopular'ity, 5. want of popularity. 

Unport'able, a. not portable. 

Unpor'tioned, a. not endowed with a fortune. 

Unpor tuous, a. having no ports. 

Unpossess'ed, a. not held ; not enjoyed. 

Unpossess'ing, a. having no possession. 

Unprac'tised, a. not skilled by practice. 

Unprais'ed, a. not praised, not celebrated. 

Unpreca'rious, a. not precarious. 

Unprecedented, a. not having a precedent. 

Unpreei'se, a. not precise, not exact. 

Unprefer'red, a. not advanced or promoted. 

Unpreg'nant. a. not pregnant, not prolific. 

Unpreju'dicate, a. not prepossessed. 

Unprej'udiced, a. free from prejudice. 

Unprelat'ical, a. not becoming a prelate. 

Unpremed'itated, a. not premeditated. 

Unprepa'red, a. not prepared, not fitted. 

Unprepa'redness, s. the being unprepared. 

Unprepossess'ed, a. not prepossessed. 

Unprepossessing, a. not prepossessing. 

Unpress'cd. a. not pressed, not forced. 

Unpresump'tuous, a. not presumptuous. 

Unpretend'ing, a. not claiming distinction ; 
not forward, modest. 

Unprevail'ing, a. being of no force, vain. 

Unpreven'ted, a. not prevented. 

Unpriest'ly, a. not becoming a priest. 

Unprin'cely, a. not becoming a prince. 

Unprin'cipled, a. devoid of moral principle. 

Unprint'ed, a. not printed, not published. 

Unpris'oned, a. set free from confinement. 

Unpri'zabie, a. not worth estimation. 

Unpri'zed, a. not value I 

Unproclaim'ed, a. not proclaim?d. 

Unproductive, a. not productive, barren. 

Unproduc'ti veness. s. want of productiveness. 

Unprofa'ned, a. not profaned or violated. 

Unprofessional, a. not professional. 

Unprofi"ciency, s. want of proficiency. 

Unprofitable, a. not profitable, useless. 

Unprofitableness, s. uselessness. 

Unprofitably, ad. uselessly, to no purpose. 

Unprohibited, a. not forbidden, lawful. 

Unproject'ed, a. not projected, not planned. 

Unprolif ic, a. not prolific, barren. 

Unprom'ised, a. not promised or engaged. 

Unprom'ising, a. not promising; giving no 
promise of excellence. 

Unprompt'ed, a. not prompted, not dictated. 

Unpronounc'ed. a. not spoken, not uttered. 

Unprophet'ie, Unprophet'ical, a. not fore- 
seeing or foretelling future events. 

Unpropftious, a. not propitious. 

Unpropitiously, ad. unfavorably. 



UNP 



327 



UNK 



Unpropor'tionable, a. not proportionable. 
Unpropor'tionate, a. wanting proportion. 
Unpropor'tioned, a. not proportioned. 
Unpropo sed, a. not proposed. 
Unprop'pod, a. not supported by props. 
Unpros'pcrous, a. not prosperous. 
Unpros'perously, ad. unsuccessfully. 
Unpros'pemusness, .?. want of prosperity. 
Unprotected, a. not protected. 
Unprotract'ed, a. not protracted. 
Unpro'ved, a. not proved. 
Unprovi'de, v. to uufurnisb. 
Unprovi'ded, a. not provided, unsupplied. 
Unprovo'ked, a. not provoked or incited. 
Unprovo'king, a. giving no provocation. 

Unpublished, a. not published, secret. 
Unpun'ished, a. not punished. 

Unpurchased, a. not purchased, not bougbt. 
Unpu'rifird, a. not purified, not cleansed. 
Unpursti'ed, a. not pursued, not followed. 
Unquaf fed, a. not quaffed. 
Unqualified, a. not qualified, not fit. 
I Unqualify, v. to disqualify. 
Unqucen', v. to divest of the rank and dig- 
I nity of queen. 

1 "UnqueU'ed, a. not quelled or subdued. 
1 Unquench'able, a. not to be quenched. 
; Unquench'ablcness, s. unextinguishablencss. 
■ Unquench'ed. a. not extinguished. 
. Unquestionable, a. not to be doubted. 

Unquestionably, ad. without doubt. 
' Unquestioned, a. not asked ; not doubted. 
Unquick'ened, a. not quickened. 

Unquiet, a. restless, dissatisfied. 

Unqui'etiy, ad. restlessly. 
' Unqui'etness, s. want of quiet, restlessness 

Unrack'ed, a. not racked. 

Unra'ked, a not raked. 

Unran'sacked, a. not ransacked or pillaged. 

Unran'sonied, a. not ransomed. 

Unravel, v. to disentangle ; to explain. 

Unrav'elmont, s. development. 

Unra'zored, a. not shaven; rough. 

Unreached, a. not reached, not attained. 

Unread', a. not read ; not learned, untaught. 

Unreadiness, s. want of readiness. 

Unread'y, a. not ready ; awkward. 

Unre'al, a. not real, unsubstantial. 

Unreality, s. want of reality. 

Unre'aped, a. not reaped. 

Unreasonable, a. not reasonable ; exorbitant. 

Unreasonableness, s. inconsistency with rea- 
son ; exorbitant or excessive demand. 

Unreasonably, ad. not reasonably. 

Unrea've, v. to unravel, to disentangle. 

Unreba'ted, a. not blunted. 

Unrebu'kable, a. not deserving rebuke. 

Unreceiv'ed, a. not received, not admitted. 

Unreeiaim'able, a. not reclaimable. 

Unrcclaim'ed, a. not reclaimed. 

Unrec'ompensed, a. not recompensed. 

Unrec'onciled, a. not reconciled. 

Unrecord'ed, a. not recorded or registered. 

Unreeount'ed, a. not recounted or related. 

Unrecoverable, a. not recoverable. 

Unrecruit'able, a. that cannot bo recruited. 
Unredressed, a. not redressed. 
Unredu'ce 1, a. not reduced, not lessened. 
Unrcdu'cible, a. not reducible. 
Uiirefi'nc! 'i. not refined; coarse. 
Unreform'ab.ft a that cannot be reformed. 



Unreform'ed, a. not reformed, not amended. 
Unrefract'ed, a. not refracted, not broken. 
Unrefresh'ed, a. not refreshed, not cheered. 
Unrefresb'ing, a. not invigorating. 
Unregard'ed, a. not regarded, not heeded. 
Unregard'ful, a. not regardful, heedless. 
Unregen'eracy, s. state of being unregenerate. 
Unregen'erato, a. not regenerate ; wicked. 
Unregistered, a. not registered. 
Unregulated, a. not regulated. 
Unreined, a. not restrained by the bridle. 
Unrelated, a. not related. 
Unrel'ative, a. having no relation to. 
Unrcl'atively, ad. without relation to. 
Unrelenting, a. not relenting, cruel. 
Unreliev'able, a. admitting no relief. 
Unreliev'ed, a. not relieved, not eased. 
Unremark'able, a. not remarkable. 
Unremark'ed, a. not remaiked, unobserved 
Unrcmo'diable, a. admitting of no remedy. 
Unrem'cdied, a. not remedied, not cured. 
Unremem'bered, a. not remembered. 
Unremem'bering, a. having no memory. 
Unremitted, a. not remitted, not abated. 
Unremit'ting, a. not remitting, not abating. 
Unromit'tingly, ad. without abatement. 
Unremov'able, a. irremovable. 
Unremov'ably, ad. irremovably. 
Unremor'od, a. not removed. 
Unrenewed, a. not renewed. 
Unrepaid', a. not repaid, not compensated. 
Unrepeal'cd, a. not repealed, not revoked. 
Unrepent'ant, a. not repentant, hardened. 
Unrepent'cd, a. not repented of. 
Unrcpi'ning, a. not repining, not peevishly 

murmuring. 
Unrepi'ningly, ad. without repining. 
i Unreplen'isbed, a. not replenished. 
Unrepresented, a. not represented. 
Unrepriev'able, a. not admitting of reprieve. 
Unrepriev'ed. a. not reprieved, not respited. 
Unreproach'able, a. not deserving reproach. 
Unreproach'ed, a. not censured or upbraided. 
Unreprov'ablc, a. not liable to blame. 
Unreproved, a. not reproved, not censured. 
Unrequcst'ed, a. not requested, not asked. 
Unrequitable, a. not to be requited. 
Unrequited, a. not requited. 
Unrcsent'ed, a. not resented. 
Unrcscrv'e, s. absence of reserve, frankness. 
Unreserv'cd. a. frank, open, free. 
Unreserv'edly, ad. with unrcscrvedness. 
Unreservedncss, s. frankness, openness. 
Unresist'ed, a. not resisted, not opposed. 
Unresisting, a. not making resistance. 
Unresis'tingly, ad. without resistance. 
Unresolv'able, a. not to be resolved. 
Unresolved, a. not resolved. 
Unrespected, a. not respected, not regarded. 
Unrespect'ive, a. irrespective. 
Unres'pited, a. not respited. 
Unrest', s. absence of rest, disquiet. 
Unresto'red, a. not restored. 
Unrestrain'ablc, a. that cannot bo restrained. 
Unrestrained, a. not restrained. 
Unrestrict/cd, a. not limited or confined. 
Unretracted, a. not retracted, not recalled 
Unreveaied, a. not revealed, not told. 
Unroven'ged, a. not revenged, forgiven. 
UnrevSrend, a. irreverent, disrespectful. 
Unreversed, a. not reversed. 



TJNR 



323 



t'NS 



Unrevo'ked, a. not revoked, not recalled. 

Unreward'ed, a. not rewarded, unpaid. 

TJnrid'dle, v. to solve a difficulty. 

Unrig', v. to strip of rigging. 

Unri'ghteous, a. unjust, wicked. 

Unrighteously, ad. unjustly, wickedly. 

Unrighteousness, s. injustice, wickedness. 

Unrightful, a. not just or right, unjust. 

Unrip', v. to rip open, to cut open. 

Unri'pe, a. not ripe, immature. 

Unn'peness, s. want of ripeness. 

Unri' vailed, a. having no rival or equal. 

CJnriv'et, v. to loose from rivets. 

Unro'be, v. to disrobe, to undress. 

Unro'l, v. to open or unfurl a roll. 

Unroman'tic, a. not romantic ; not fanciful. 

Unroof, v. to strip off the roofs or coverings 
of houses. 

Unroost'ed, a. driven from the roost. 

Unroot', v. to tear up by the roots, to eradi- 
cate, to extirpate. 

Unround'ed, a. not made round. 

Unroy'al, a. not royal, not princely. 

Unruf'he, v. to cease from being ruffled. 

Unruffled, a. calm, tranquil. 

Unru'liness, s. ungovernableness. 

Unru'ly, a. ungovernable, licentious. 

Unrum'ple, v. to free from rumples. 

Unsad'dle, v. to take off the saddle. 

Unsad'dled, a. not having the saddle on. 

Unsa'fe, a. not safe, hazardous, dangerous. 

Unsa'fely, ad. not safely, dangerously. 

Unsaid', a. not uttered, not mentioned. 

Unsaleable, a. not fit for sale. 

Unsalt'ed, a. not salted, fresh, insipid. 

Unsalu'ted, a. not saluted, not greeted. 

Unsanc'tified, a. not sanctified, unholy. 

Unsanctioned, a. not sanctioned, not ratified. 

Unsa'ted, a. not sated, not satisfied. 

Unsa'tiable, a. insatiable. 

Unsatisfac'toriness, s. failure to satisfy. 

CTnsatisfac'torily, ad. so as not to satisfy. 

Unsatisfactory, a. not giving satisfaction. 

Unsatisfi'able, a. that cannot be satisfied. 

Unsaf isfied, a. not satisfied, not contented. 

Unsa'voriness, s. bad taste or smell. 

Unsa'vory, a. not having a savour ; having a 
bad savour ; fetid, disgusting. 

Unsay', v. to retract, to recall, to recant. 

Unscan'ned, a. not scanned, not measured. 

Unsca'red, a. not frightened away. 

Unscar'red, a. not marked with scars. 

Unseat 'terecl, a. not scattered, not dispersed. 

Unscholas'tic, a. not scholastic. 

Unschool'ed, a. not schooled, untaught. 

Unscientific, a. not scientific. 

Unscientifically, ad. not scientifically. 

Unscorch'ed, a. not scorched. 

Unscour'cd, a. not scoured. 

Unscreen'ed, a. not screened, not protected. 

Unscrew', v. to turn back a screw. 

Unscrip'tural, a. not Scriptural. 

Unscrupulous, a. having no scruples. 

Unseal', v. to open any thing sealed. 

Unseal'ed, a. not sealed, wanting a seal. 

Unseam', v. to rip or cut open a seam. 

Unscarch'able, a. that cannot be searched. 

Unsearch'ableness, s. the quality or state of 
being unsearchable. 

Unsearch'ed, a. not searched, not explored. 

Unseasonable, a. out of season, ill-timed, i 



Unsea'sonableness, s. the state of being un- 
seasonable or untimely. 

Unseasonably, ad. not seasonably. 

Unsea'soned, a. not seasoned. 

Unseat', v. to throw from the seat. 

Unseat' ed, a. not seated ; having no seat. 

Unsec'onded, a. not seconded, not supported. 

Unsecu're, a. See Insecure. 

Unsedu'ced, a. not drawn to ill. 

Unsee'ing, a. wanting sight. 

Unseem'liness, s. unbecomingness, inde- 
corum, impropriety. 

Unseem'ly, a. unbecoming, indecorous. 

Unseen', a. not seen, invisible. 

Unse'ized, a. not taken possession of. 

Unselecfed, a. not selected. 

Unselfish, a. not selfish. 

Unsep'arated, a. not separated. 

Unsep'ulchred, a. having no grave. 

Unserviceable, a. of no advantage or use. 

Unser'viceableness, s. uselessness. 

Unser'viceably, ad. without use. 

Unset'tle, v. to unfix, to make uncertain. 

Unset'tled, a. not steady, not fixed. 

Unset'tledness, a. state of being unsettled. 

Unsev'ered, a. not severed, not parted. 

Unsex', v. to deprive of qualities natural to 
the one or other sex. 

Unshac'kle, v. to loose from shackles. 

Unsha'ded, a. not shaded, not darkened. 

Unsha'kable, a. not to be shaken, firm. 

Unsha'ken, a. not shaken, firm, steady. 

Unsha'pen, a. deformed, misshapen, ugly 

Unsha'red, a. not shared, not divided. 

Unsheath', v. to draw from a scabbard. 

Unshed', a. not shed, not spilled. 

Unshel'tered, a. not sheltered. 

Unshield'ed, a. not shielded, unprotected. 

Unship', v. to take out of a ship. 

Unshock'ed, a. not shocked. 

Unshod', a. having no shoes, barefoot. 

Unsho'rn, a. not shaven, not clipped. 

Unshow'ered, a. not watered by showers. 

Unshrink'ing, a. not shrinking. 

Unshrunk', a. not shrunk, not contracted. 

Unshun'ned, a. not shunned or avoided. 

Unshut', a. not shut, open. 

Unsift'ed, a. not sifted. 

Unsighfliness, s. quality of being unsightly. 

Unsight'ly, a. disagreeable to the sight. 

Unsin'ew, v. to deprive of strength. 

Unsin'ewed, a. nerveless ; feeble. 

Unsin"ged, a. not singed, not scorched. 

Unsink'ing, a. not sinking; not failing. 

Unsin'ning, a. committing no sin. 

Unskil'ful, a. wanting art or skill. 

Unskil'fully, ad. without art or skill. 

Unskil'fulness, s. want of art or knowledga. 

Unskilled, a. wanting skill or knowledge. 

Unslain', a. not siain, not killed. 

Unsla'ked, a. not slaked, not quenched. 

Unsleep'hjg, a. not sleeping, ever wakeful. 

Unsmo'ked, a. not smoked, not dried in 
smoke. 

Unsmooth', a. not smooth, rough. 

Unso'ciable, a. not sociable. 

Unso'ciably, ad. not sociably. 

Unso'cia 1 , c. not social. 

Urscil'ed, a. not soiled, not stained. 

Unsold', a. not sold, not disposed of. 

Unsold'ered, a. having the solder removed. 



UNS 



329 



UNT 



Unsol'dieilike, Unsol'dierly, a. unbecoming 

or unlike a soldier. 
Unsolicited, a. not solicited. 

Unsolf'citous, a. not solicitous, not anxious. 

Unsolld, a. not solid, fluid. 

Unsolv'able, a. that cannot be solved. 

Unsolv'ed, a. not solved, not explained. 

Unsophis'ticate, Unsophisticated, a. not 
sophisticated, simple, pure. 

Unsor'rowed, a. not lamented or bewailed. 

Unsort'ed, a. not sorted. 

Unsought', a. not sought, not looked for. 

Unsoul', v. to deprive of mind. 

Unsound', a. not sound ; not healthy, sickly ; 
erroneous; dishonest. 

Unsound'ed, a. not tried by the plummet. 

Unsound'ly, ad. in an unsound manner. 

Unsoundness, s. state of being unsound. 

Unsour'ed, a. not made sour. 

Unsown', a. not sown. 

Unspa'red, a. not spared. 

Unspa'ring, a. not sparing ; not merciful. 

Unspa'ringness, s. quality of being unspar- 
ing or profuse. 

Unspeak', v. to retract, to recant. 

Unspeak'able, a. not to be expressed. 

Unspeak'ably, ad. inexpressibly. 

Unspe"cified, a. not specified. 

Unspec'ulative, a. not speculative. 

Unsped', a. not despatched ; unsuccessful. 

Unspent', a. not wasted, not diminished. 

Unsphe're, v. to remove from its orb. 

Unspi'ed, a. not searched ; not seen. 

Unspilt', a. not spilled, not shed. 

Unspir'it, v. to dispirit, to dishearten. 

Unspir'itual, a. not spiritual ; carnal. 

Unspir'itualize, v. to deprive of spirituality. 

Unspoil'ed, a. not spoiled, not marred. 

Unspot'ted, a. not stained or spotted. 

Unspot'tcdncss, s. state of being unspotted. 

Unsqua'red, a. not squared. 

Unsta'ble, a. not stable, not steady. 

Unstaid', a. not steady, changeable. 

Unstaid'ness, s. want of steadiness. 

Unstain'ed, a. not stained, not dyed. 

Unstamp'ed, a. not stamped or impressed. 

Unstanch'ed, a. not stanched or stopped. 

Unsta'te, v. to deprive of dignity. 

Unstatutable, a. contrary to statute. 

Unstead'fast, a. not steadfast, not resolute. 

Unstead'fastness, s. want of steadfastness. 

Unsteadily, ad. without steadiness. 

Unsteadiness, s. unstableness ; inconstancy. 

Unstead'y, a. not steady, irresolute, incon- 
stant, variable. 

Unsteep'ed, a. not steeped, not soaked. 

Unstint'ed, a. not stinted, not limited. 

Unstirred, a. not stirred, not shaken. 

Unstitch', v. to open by picking the stitches. 

Unstitch'ed, a. not stitched. 

Unstop', v. to free from being stopped. 

Unstop'ped, a. meeting no resistance. 

Unsto'red, a. not stored, not laid up. 

Unsto'ried, a. not related in story. 

Unstorm'ed, a. not taken by assault. 
Unstrain'ed, a. not strained, not forced. 

Unstrait'ened, a. not straitened. 

Unstrength'oned, a. not strengthened. 

Unstring', v. to deprive of strings; to relax. 

Unstud'icd, a. not studied, unpremeditated. 
Unstuffed, a. unfilled, unfurnished. 



Unsubdu'ed, a. not subdued, not conquered. 
Unsubmit'ting, a. not submitting. 
Unsubstan'tial, a. not substantial, not real. 
Unsuccessful, a. not successful, unlucky. 

Unsuccessfully, ad. without success. 

Unsuccess' fulness, s. want of success. 

Unsuccess'ive, a. not successive. 

Unsuitable, a. not suitable, not fit. 

Unsuit'ableness, s. unfitness, incongruity. 

Unsuitably, ad. in an unsuitable manner. 

Unsuit'ed, a. not suited, not fitted. 

Unsuit'ing, a. not fitting, not becoming. 

Unsullied, a. not sullied, not disgraced. 

Unsung', a. not sung, not celebrated inverse. 

Unsun'ned, a. not exposed to the sun. 

Unsuper'fluous, a. not superfluous. 

Unsupplant'ed, a. not supplanted. 

Unsuppli'able, a. that cannot be supplied. 

Unsuppli'ed, a. not supplied. 

Unsupport'able, a. See Insupportable. 

Unsupport'ably, ad. See Insupportably. 

Unsupported, a. not supported, not sus- 
tained, not maintained. 

Unsuppress'ed, a. not suppressed. 

Unsu're, a. not sure, not certain. 

Unsurmount'able, a. not to be overcome. 

Unsurpas'sed, a. not surpassed or excelled. 

Unsusceptible, a. not susceptible, not liable 
to admit or receiA'e. 

Unsuspect'ed, a. not doubted or suspected. 

Unsuspect'edly, ad. without being suspected. 

Unsuspecting, a. not suspecting. 

Unsuspi"cious, a. not suspicious. 

Unsuspi"oiously, ad. without suspicion. 

Unsustainable, a. not to be sustained. 

Unsustain'ed, a. not sustained, not sup- 
ported, not seconded. 

Unswa'the, v. to take a swathe from. 

Unsway'able, a. that cannot be swayed. 

Unsway'ed, a. not swayed, not wielded. 

Unswear', v. to recall what is sworn. 

Unswept', a. not cleaned with a broom. 

Unsworn', a. not bound by any oath. 

Unsystematic, a. not systematic. 

Untack', v. to disjoin, to separate. 

Untaint'ed, a. not tainted, not sullied. 

Untaint'edly, ad. without taint or spot. 

Untaint'edness, s. state of being untainted. 

Unta'mable, a. that cannot bo tamed. 

Unta'med, a. not tamed, not subdued. 

Untan"gle, v. to disentangle. 

Untarnished, a. not tarnished, not stained. 

Unta'sted, a. not tasted ; not enjoyed. 

Untaught', a. not taught, uninstructed. 

Untax'ed, a. not charged with taxes. 

Unteach'able, a. that cannot be taught. 

Untem'pered, a. not tempered or hardened. 

Untempt'ed, a. not tempted, not tried. 

Unten'able, a. not tenable. 

Untenantable, a. not fit for an occupant. 

Unten'anted, a. having no tenant, empty. 

Untend'ed, a. not tended, alone. 

Unter'rified, a. not affrighted, dauntless. 

Unthank'ed, a. not repaid with thanks. 

Unthank'ful, a. not thankful, ungrateful. 

Unthank'fully, ad. without thanks. 

Unthank'fulness, s. ingratitude. 

Unthaw'ed, a. not thawed, not dissolved. 

Unthink', v. to dismiss a thought. 

Unthinking, a. thoughtless, careless. 

Unthinklngness, s. want of thought. 



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Unthoucht'ful, a. thoughtless, heedless. 

Unthought'-of, a. not thought of, not re- 
garded, not heeded. 

Unthread', v. to draw out a thread from. 

Unthreat'ened, a. not threatened. 

Un'thrift, 5. a prodigal, a spendthrift. 

Un'thrift, a. prodigal, wasteful. 

Unthrift'ily, ad. without frugality. 

Unthrift'iness, s. waste, prodigality. 

Unthrift'y, a. not thrifty, prodigal. 

Unthri'ving, a. not thriving, not prospering. 

Unthro'no, v. to dethrone. 

Unti'diness, s. want of tidiness. 

TJnti'dy, a. not tidy. 

Untie', v. to unbind, to loosen. 

Unti'ed, a. not bound, not fastened 

Until', ad. to the time, place, or degTee 
that : prep, to 

Untill'ed, a. not tilled, not cultivated. 

Unti'moly, ad. not timely, ill-timed. 

Untinc'tured, a. not tinctured, not tinged. 

Untin'ged, a. not stained, not infected. 

Unti'red, a. not tired, not fatigued. 

Unti'ring, a. not tiring, indefatigable. 

Unti'tled, a. having no title. 

Un'to, prep, (on to) to. 

Unto'ld, a. not related, not revealed. 

Ontomb'ed, a. unburied. 

Untouch'ed, a. not touched, not affeeted. 

Untow'ard, a. froward. awkward ; vexatious. 

Untow'ardly, ad. awkwardly, perversely. 

Untow'ardness, s. perverseness. 

Untra'ccable, a. that cannot be traced. 

Untra'ccd, a. not traced, not marked. 

Untrack'ed, a. having no track. 

Untraceable, a. intractable. 

Untract'ablcness, s. intractability. 

Untra'ding, a. not engaged in commerce. 

Untrain'cd, a. not trained, not educated. 

Untransferable, a. not transferable. 

Untranslatable, a. not translatable. 

Untransla'ted, a. not translated. 

Untranspa'rent, a. not transparent. 

Untrav'ellcd, a. having never travelled; 
never having been travelled or passed over, 
untrodden. 

Untrav'erscd, a. not passed over. 

Untreas'ured, a. not treasured, not laid up 

Untrem'bling, a. not trembling ; firm. 

Untried, a. not tried, not attempted. 

Untrim'mcd, a. not trimmed, plain. 

Untrod', Untrod'den, a. not trodden; not 
having been passed or travelled over. 

Untroub'led, a. not troubled, not disturbed. 

Untrue', a. not true, false, not faithful. 

Untru'ly, ad. falsely, not according to truth. 

Untrus'ty, a. not worthy of trust. 

Untru'th, s. a falsehood, a false assertion. 

Untu'nable, a. not musical, unharmonious. 

Untu'nableness, s. want of harmony. 

Untu'ne, v. to put out of tune. 

Unturn'ed, a. not turned, not changed. 

Untu'tored, a. not tutored; untaught. 

Untwi'ne, v. to open what is twined. 

Untwist', v. to open any thing twisted. 

Unur'ged, a. not pressed with solicitation. 

Unu'sed. a. not put to use, unemployed. 

Unu'seful, a. useless, serving no purpose. 

Unu'sual, a. not common, rare, unfrequent. 

Unu'sually, ad. not in the usual manner. 

Uuu'sualnesa, s. infrequency ; rareness. 



Unut'terable, a. inexpressible, ineffable. 

Unvail', v. See Unveil. 

Unval'ued, a. not valued, neglected; not to 

be valued, inestimable. 
Unvan'quishable, a. not to be subdued. 
Unvan'quished, a. not overcome. 
Unva'riable, a. See Invariable. 
Unva'ricd. a. not varied, not changed. 
Unvar'nished, a. not covered with varnish. 
Unvarying, a. not liable to change. 
Unveil', v. to remove a veil from. 
Unven'erable, a. not venerable. 
Unven'tilated, a. not ventilated. 
Unver'dant, a. having no verdure. 
Unver'i table, a. not veritable, not true. 
Unvers'ed, a. not versed, not skilled. 
Unvi'olated, a. not violated, not broken. 
Unvir'tuous, a. destitute of virtue. 
Unvis'ited, a. not visited, not frequented. 
Unvi"tiated, a. not corrupted. 
Unvit'rified, a. not converted into glass. 
Unvo'te, v. to annul a former vote. 
Unwa'kened, a. not roused from sleep. 
Unwall'ed, a. not having walls, open. 
Unwa'rily, ad. without caution, care" 
Unwa'riness, s. want of caution. 
Unwar'like, a. not like or fit for war. 
Unwarm'ed, a. not warmed, not excited. 
Unwarn'ed, a. not warned, not cautioned. 
Unwarp'ed, a. not warped, not biassed. 
Unwarrantable, a. not warrantable. 
Unwar'rantableness, s. the state of being 

unwarrantable. 
Unwarrantably, a. not justifiably. 
Unwarranted, a. not warranted. 
Unwa'ry, a. not wary, not cautious. 
Unwash'ed, a. not washed, unclean. 
Unwa'sted, a. not wasted, not diminished. 
Unwa'tored, a. not watered. 
Unweak'ened, a. not weakened. 
Unweap'oned, a. not armed. 
Unwea'ried. a. not wearied, indefatigable. 
Unwea'riedly, ad. indefatigably. 
Unwea'riedness, s. state of being unwearied. 
Unwea'ry, a. not weary. 
Unwea'ry, v . to refresh after weariness. 
Unwea've, v. to undo what has been woven. 
Unwed', a. not wedded, unmarried. 
Unwed'geable, a. not to be cloven. 
Unweed'ed, a. not cleared from weeds. 
Unwei'ghed, a. not weighed ; not considered. 
Unwel'come, a. not welcome. 
Unwell', a. not well, slightly indisposed. 
Unwept', a. not lamented or grieved for. 
Unwhipt', a. not whipped, not corrected. 
Unwho'lesome, a. not wholesome. 
Unwho'lesomeness, s. state or quality of 

being unwholesome. 
fJnwield'iness, j. quality of being unwieldy. 
Jnwield'y, a. not wieldy, weighty. 
Unwil'ling, a. not willing, not inclined. 
Unwil'lingly, ad. not willingly. 
Unwil'lingness, s. loathness, disinclination. 
Unwi'nd, v. to untwist, to untwine. 
Unwing'ed, a. not furnished with wings. 
Unwi'ped, a. not cleaned by rubbing. 
Unwi'se, a. not wise, foolish. 
Unwi'sely, ad. not wisely, not prudently. 
Unwish'e'd, a. not sought, not desired. 
Unwit , v. to deprive of understanding. 
Uuwith'ered, a. not withered, not faded. 



UNW 



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Unwith'ering, a. not liable to wither. 

Unwithstood', a. not withstood, not opposed. 

Unwit'nessed, a. not witnessed. 

Unwit'tily, ad. without wit. 

Unwit'tiugly, ad. without knowledge. 

Unwit'ty, a. not witty, wanting wit. 

Unwom'anly, a. unbecoming a woman. 

Unwont', a. unaccustomed, unused. 

Unwont'ed, a. uncommon, unusual. 

Unwont'edness, s. uncommonness. 

Unwoo'ed, a. not wooed, not courted. 

Unworn', a. not worn, not impaired. 

Unwor'shipped, a. not worshipped. 

Unwor'thily, ad. with unworthiness. 

Unwor'thiness, S. stato of being unworthy. 

Unwor'thy, a. not worthy, undeserving. 

Unwound'ed, a. not wounded, not hurt. 

Unwrap', v. to open what is folded. 

Unwreath', v. to untwine, to untwist. 

Unwrit'ten, a. not written ; traditional. 

Unwroughr,', a. not wrought, not manufac- 
tured; not laboured. 

Unwrung', a. not wrung, not pinched. 

Unyield'cd, a. not yielded, not given up. 

Unyield'ing, a. not yielding, firm. 

Unyo'ke, v. to loose from a yoke. 

Unyo'ked, a. not having worn the yoke, not 
restrained, licentious. 

Unzo'ned, a. not bound with a girdle. 

Up ! inter j '■ a word exciting to action 

Up, ad. aloft, on high, not down. 

Up, prep, from a lower to a higher part. 

Upbear', v. to sustain aloft, to support. 

Upbi'nd, v. to bind up. 

Upbraid', v. to chide, to reproach. 

Upbraid'er, s. one that upbraids. 

Upbraid'ing, s. the act of upbraiding. 

Upbraid'ingly, ad. by way of reproach. 

Up'cast, a. cast up, thrown upwards: s. a 
cast or throw. 

Upgath'er, v. to gather tip, to contract. 

Upheav'e, v. to heave up, to lift up. 

Up'hill, a. difficult, laborious. 

Upho'ld, v. to lift on high, to sustain. 

Upho'lder, s. a supporter ; an undertaker. 

Upholsterer, s. one who furnishes houses. 

Upho'lsterv, s. furniture for houses. 

Up'land, jr. higher ground : a. higher in sit- 
uation ; brought up on the hills; rude. 

Uplay', v. to lay up, to hoard up. 

Uplift', s. to raise aloft, to lift up on high. 

Up'most, a highest, topmost, uppermost. 

Upon', prep, on, being on the upper part of 
the surface. 

Up'pcr, a. higher in place, superior to. 

Up'permost, a. highest in place. 

Uprai'se, v. to raise up, to exalt. 

Uprear', v. to roar on high. 

ITp'right, a. .straight up, erect; honest. 

Up'right, s. something standing erect. 

Dp'rigbtly, ad. perpendicularly; honestly. 

Up'rightness. s. perpendicular erection; 
honesty, integrity, 

Upri'se, v. to rise from a seat, to ascend. 

Upri'sing, s. the act of rising. 

Up'roar. s. tumult, confusion, bustle. 

Uproll', v. to roll up. 

Uproot', v. to tear up by the root. 

Uprou'se, v. to awaken, to arouse up. 

Upset', v. to overturn, to overthrow. 

Up'shot, *. a conclusion, end, event. 



Up'side, s. the upper side, the upper part. 
Up'side-down, with the lower part above the 

higher; in complete disorder. 
Upstand', v. to be erected. 
Up'start. s. one suddenly raised to wealth or 

power: a. suddenly raised: v. to start or 

spring up suddenly. 
Upstay', v. to sustain, to support. 
Upturn', v. to turn up ; to furrow. 
Up'ward, a. directed to a higher place. 
Up'ward, Up'wards, ad. toward a higher 

place ; above, more than. 
Upwhir!', v. to whirl upwards. 
Upwi'nd, v. to wind up. 
Ura'nium, s. a semi-metal of an iron-gray 

color, named after the planet Uranus, 
Uran-o'chre, s. an ore of uranium. 
Uranol'ogy, s. a discourse on the heavens. 
Ur'ban, a. of or belonging to a city. 
Urba'ne, a. civil, courteous, polite. 
Urban 'ity, s. civility, courtesy, politeness. 
Ur'chin, s. a hedgehog; a brat, a child. 
U'rea, s. a substance obtained from urine. 
Ure'ter, s. a tube leading from the kidneys. 
Ure'thra, s. the passage of the urine. 
Urge, v. to incite, to provoke, to press. 
Ur'gency, s. jn'essure, importunity. 
Ur'gent, a. pressing, earnest, importunate. 
Ur'gently, ad. in an urgent manner. 
Ur'ger, s. one who urges. 
Ur'ging, a. pressing with solicitations. 
U'ric, a. relating to urine. 
U'rinal, s. a vessel for holding urine. 
U'rinary, s. a receptacle for urine. 
U'rinary, a. relating to the urine. 
U'rinative, a. provoking urine. 
U'rinator, 6". a diver, a pearl-finder. 
U'rine, s. water coming from animals: v. to 

pass urine, to make water. 
U'rinous, a. partaking of urine. 
Urn, a\ a kind of vase; a vessel in which 

the ashes of the dead were formerly kept. 
Urn, v. to enclose in an urn. 
Uros'copy, s. inspection of urine. 
Ur'ry, s. a kind of black clay. 
Ur'sa, s. the Bear, a northern constellation. 
Ur'sine, a. like or pertaining to a bear. 
Ur'suline, a. of the order of St. Ursuline. 
Us, pr. the objective case of We. 
U'sagc, s. treatment; custom, practice. 
U'sance, s. use, usury, interest for money. 
Use, s. the act of using ; employment ; need, 

advantage; usage, custom. 
Use, v. to employ ; to accustom ; to treat. 
U'seful, a. convenient, serviceable. 
U'sefully, ad. so as to be useful. 
Usefulness, s. quality of being useful. 
U'seless, a. answering no end or purpose. 
U'selessly, ad. in a useless manner. 
U'selessness, s. unfitness for any purpose. 
U'ser, s. one who uses. 

Ush'er, s. an under-teacher ; an introducer. 
Ush'er, v. to introduce, to bring in. 
Usqucbau'gh, s. a strong distilled spirit. 
Us'tion, s. the act of burning or searing. 
Usto'rious, a. having the quality of burning. 
U'sual, a. common, customary, frequent. 
U'sually, ad. commonly, customarily. 
U'sualness, s. commonness : frequency. 
U'sufruct, 5-. the temporary use, withoat 

power to alienate. 



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332 



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Usufruc'tuary, s. one that has the temporary 

use : a. enjoying the use only. 
U'surer, s. one who practises usury. 
Usu'rious, a. practising usury ; griping. 
Usu'riously, ad. in a usurious manner. 
Usu'riousness, s. the state or quality of be- 
ing usurious. 
Usurp', v. to seize and hold without right. 
Usurpation, s. an illegal possession. 
UsurpVr, *. one who usurps. 
Usurp'ingly, ad. by usurpation. 
U'sury, s. money paid for the use of money ; 

higher interest than is allowed by law. 
Uten'sil, s. an instrument for any use. 
U'terine, a. pertaining to the womb ; born 

of the same mother, but by a different 

father. 
Utero-gesta'tion, s. gestation in the womb. 
U'terus, s. [Lat.] the womb. 
Util'ity, *. usefulness ; profit. 
Ut'most, a. extreme ; in the greatest degree. 
Ut'most, s. the. most that can be. 
Uto'pian, a. chimerical, fanciful, (like Sir 

T. More's commonwealth Utopia.) 
U'tricle, s. a little bag or bladder. 
Utric'ular, a. containing utricles. 
Ut'ter, a. outward, extreme, complete. 
Ut'ter, v. to speak ; to vend ; to publish. 
Ut'terable, a. that may be uttered or told. 
Ut'terance, s. the act or manner of uttering. 
Ut'terer, s. one that utters ; a vender. 
Ut'terly, ad. perfectly, completely, fully. 
Ut'termost, a. extreme, most remote. 
Ut'termost, s. the greatest degree or part. 
U'veous, a. resembling a grape. 
U'vula, s. the little piece of red spungy flesh 

suspended from the back part of the palate, 

and serving to cover the entrance of the 

windpipe. 
Uxo'rious, a. ridiculously fond of a wife. 
Uxo'riously, ad. with fond submission to a 

wife ; with conjugal dotage. 
Uxo'riousness, s. connubial dotage; fond 

submission to a wife. 



Va'cancy, s. empty space, a vacant office. 
Va'cant, a. empty, free, not occupied. 
Va'cate, v. to make or leave vacant ; to 

make void, to annul. 
Vaca'tion, s. intermission, recess, leisure. 
Vac'cinate, v . to inoculate with the cow-pox. 
Vaccina'tion, s. inoculation for the cow-pox. 
Vac'cine, a. of or belonging to a cow. 
Va"ci]]ancy, s. a state of wavering. 
Va"cillating, a. wavering. 
Va' cillate, v. to waver ; to be inconstant. 
Vacilla'tion, s. the act of vacillating ; a state 

of fluctuation or indecision. 
Vac' u ate, v. to make void, to leave vacant. 
Vacua'tion, s. an evacuation. 
Vac'uist, s. one that holds the doctrine of a 

vacuum in nature. 
Vacu'ity, s. emptiness, space unfilled. 
Vac'uous, a. empty, unfilled. 
Vac'uousness, s. state of being empty. 
Vac'uum, s. empty space. 
Va'de-me'cum, (a Latin phrase, meaning 

Go with me,) s. a book in constant use, 

a manual or hand-book. 



Vag'abond, s. a vagrant, a wanderer. 

Vag'abond, a. wandering; vagrant. 

Vaga'ry, s. a wild sudden frolic, a freak. 

Va"ginal, a. pertaining to a sheath. 

Va"ginant, a. (in botany,) sheathing. 

Va'gous, a. wandering, unsettled. 

Va'grancy, s. a state of wandering about 
without a settled home. 

Va'grant, a. wandering, unsettled, vagabond : 
s. an idle strolling person ; a sturdy beggar. 

Vague, a. wandering, unsettled, indefinite. 

Vails, Vales, s. pi. money given to servants. 

Vail, v. to let down or lower ; to yield. 

Vain, a. empty, worthless, fruitless ; unreal, 
showy, ostentatious, conceited. 

Vainglo'rious, a.vain without merit; boasting. 

Vainglo'riously, ad. with vainglory. 

Vainglo'ry, s. empty pride, vanity, folly. 

Vain'ly, ad. without effect ; ostentatiously. 

Vain'ness, s. state or quality of being vain. 

Vair, s. (in heraldry) a kind of fur. 

Val'ance, s. the drapery or fringe round the 
tester and stead of a bed : v. to decorate 
as with valances. 

Vale, s. a hollow between hills, a valley ; 
money given to servants. 

Valedic'tion, s. a wishing of health on a se- 
paration, a farewell. 

Valedic'tory, a. bidding rarewell. 

Val'entine, s. a sweetheart chosen on Valen- 
tine's day ; a love-letter sent by one young 
person to another on Valentine's day. 

Vale'rian, s. the name of a plant. 

Val'et, s. a waiting or body servant. 

Valetudina'rian, s. a weak sickly person. 

Valetu'dinary, a. weakly, infirm of health. 

Val'iant, a. brave, stout, courageous, bold. 

Val'iantly, ad. in a valiant manner. 

Val'iantness, s. valour, bravery. 

Val'id, a. strong, weighty, conclusive. 

Val'idity, s. force to convince ; certainty. 

Val'idly, ad. in a valid manner. 

Valise', *. a portmanteau, a wallet. 

Val'lancy, s. a large wig that shades the faee. 

Valla'tion, s. an entrenchment, a rampart. 

Val'latory, a. enclosing as by trenches. 

Val'ley, s. a low ground between two hills. 

Val'lum, s. a fence, a trench, a wall. 

Val'our, s. personal bravery, prowess. 

Val'orous, a. brave, stout, valiant, heroic. 

Val'orously, ad. in a valiant manner. 

Val'ualile, a. having value, precious. 

Val'uableness, s. preciousness, worth. 

Valua'tion, s. the act of setting a value ; 
value set on any thing, appraisement. 

Val'uator, s. an appraiser, one who sets a 
value or price *ij>on any thing. 

Val'ue, s. worth, price, rate, importance : 
v. to rate at a certain price ; to rate or 
esteem highly. 

Val'ueless, a. being of no value. 

Val'uer, s. one that values. 

Valve, s. a covering which opens a commu- 
nication in one direction, and closes it in 
the other; a folding-door. 

Val'ved, a. having valves. 

Vamp, s. the upper leather of a boot or shoe : 
v. to mend with a new vamp ; to piece or 
patch up old things with something new. 

Vam'pire, s. an imaginary demon, said to 
suck human blood ; a kind ot bat. 



VAN 



333 



VEI 



Van, 5. the front line of an army. 
Van, t/. to fan, to winnow : s. a fan. 
Van, s. a light covered waggon. 
Van'-courier, s. an avant courier. 
Van'dal, 5. one of the Vandals ; a barbarian. 
Vandal'ic, a. resembling the Vandals. 
Van'dal ism, s. barbarity. 
Vandy'kc, s. a collar fo^ the neck with in- 
dentations and puints, as seen in the por- 
traits of Fan Dyck. 
Vane, s. a weather-cock. 
Van'-foss, s. a ditch outside the counterscarp. 
Van'guard, s. the first line of an army. 
Vanil'la, s. the name of a plant and nut. 
Van'ish, v. to disappear, to pass away. 
Van'ity, s. emptiness; idle show, ostenta- 
tion ; empty pride ; fruitless effort or end. 
Van'quish, v. to conquer, to subduo. 
Van'quishable, a. that may he overcome. 
Van'quish er, s. a conqueror, a victor. 
Van'tage, s. advantage, gain, superiority. 
Van'tage-ground, s. a place or state which 

gives advantage. 
Vant'brace, Vant'brass, s. a kind of armour 

for the arm. 
Vap'id, a. spiritless, dead, fiat, mawkish. 
Vap'idness, s. the state of being vapid. 
Vap'orate, v. See Evaporate. 
Vapora'tion, s. See Evaporation. 
Va'porous, a. full of vapours; fumy; windy. 
Va'pory, a. full of vapours; whimsical. 

Va'pour, s. an elastic fluid rendered aeriform 
by heat ; an exhalation ; steam ; fume ; 
wind, flatulence ; spleen, whim. 

Va'pour, v. to pass in vapour ; to emit fumes ; 
to brag, to bully. 

Va'pour-bath, s. the application of vapour 
to the body in a close place. 

Va'pourcr, s. a boaster ; a braggart. 

Va'pourish, a. full of vapours ; splenetic. 

Va'pours, s. pi. hysteric fits, spleen, whims. 

/are, s. a wand or staff of office. 

Ya'riablc, a. changeable, inconstant, fickle. 

Variableness, s. changeableness. 

Va'riably, ad. changeably. 

Va'riance, s. disagreement, dissension. 

Variation, s. change, difference, variation. 

Va'riegato, v. to stain or tinge with different 
colors ; to diversify. 

Variega'tion, s. a diversity of colors. 

Variety, s. diversity; difference; one of 
many different kinds. 

Variolous, a. pertaining to the small-pox. 

Va'rious, a. different, several, manifold, 
changeable, diversified. 

Va'riously, ad. with diversity. 

Var'let, s. a rascal ; formerly a valet. 

Var'k'try, s. the rabble, the populace. 

Var'nish, s. a glossy liquid substance. 

Var'nish, v. to cover with varnish ; to gloss 
over; to palliate. 

Var'nislier, s. one who varnishes. 

Va'ry, v. to change, to diversify, to alter. 

Vas'cular, a. consisting of vessels. 

Vascularity, s. state of being vascular. 

Vase, s. au ornamental vessel. 

Vas'sal, s. one who holds land of' a superior 
lord; a dependent; a slave. 

Vas'salage, 5. state or tenure of a vassal. 

Vast, a. great, extensive, enormous. 

Vast, s. an empty waste. 



Vast'ly, ad. greatly, to a great degree. 

Vast/ness, s. great extent, immensity. 

Vast'y, a. vast, very great. 

Vat, s. a brewer's working tub. 

Vat'ican, s. the palace of the Pope. 

Vat'icide, s. a murderer of a prophet or poet. 

Vati"cinal, a. containing prophecy. 

Vati"cinate, v. to prophesy, to foretell. 

Vaticina'tion, s. prediction, prophecy. 

Vaudeville, [Fr.] s. a street song, a popular 
ballad; a slight dramatic entertainment. 

Vault, s. a cellar or cave with a vaulted or 
arched entrance ; a repository for the dead : 
v. to make or cover with a vault; to leap 
in an arched or circular direction. 

Vault'age, s. an arched cellar. 

Vault'ed, a. arched, like an arch, concave. 

Vault'er, s. one who vaults, a tumbler. 

Vault'ing, s. leaping, tumbling. 

Vault'y, a. vaulted, arched. 

Vaunt, v. to boast, to brag : s. a boast. 

Vaunt-cou'rier, s. See Avant-courier. 

Vaunt'er, s. a boaster, a braggart. 

Vaunt'ful, a. boastful, ostentatious. 

Vaunt'ing, s. the act of boasting. 

Vaunt'ingly, ad. boastfully, ostentatiously. 

Vaunt'mure, s. a front or false wall. 

Vav'asour, s. one who held of a superior 
lord, and had others holding under him ; 
an ancient dignity next to a baron. 

Veal, s. the flesh of a calf killed. 

Vec'tor, s. a line supposed to be drawn from 
a planet to the centre of its orbit. 

Vec'ture, s. carriage, conveyance, removal. 

Ve'da, s. the name of the books which con- 
tain the religious tenets of the Hindoos. 

Vedet'te, s. a sentinel on horseback ; a sen- 
tinel in advance of an army. 

Veer, v. to turn about, to turn, to change. 

Veer'ing, s. the act of turning or changing. 

Vegetabil'ity, s. vegetable nature. 

Ve"getable, s. any kind of plant. 

Ve'getable, a. belonging to a plant ; having 
the nature of plants. 

Ve"gctal, a. having power to cause growth. 

Ve"getate, v. to grow as plants; to sprout 
out; to have growth without sensation. 

Vegeta'tion, s. the growth of plants ; vege- 
tables or plants in general or collectively. 

Ve"getative, a. having the power of growing, 
as plants ; producing growth in pla.nts. 

Ve"getativcness, s. the being vegetative. 

Vege'te. a. vigorous, active, lively. 

Ve"getive, a. having the nature of plants. 

Ve"getous, a. lively, spritely, vegete. 

Ve'hemence, Ve'hemency, s. ardour, fer- 
vour, eagerness, violence, force. 

Ve'hement, a. ardent, eager, violent. 

Ve'hemently, ad. forcibly, urgently. 

Ve'hicle, s. a carriage, a conveyance. 

Vehic'ular, a. belonging to a vehicle. 

Veil, s. a cover to conceal the face ; a cur- 
tain ; a disguise : v. to cover with a veil ; 
to cover ; to conceal. 

Vein, s. a vessel in animal bodies which re- 
ceives the blood from the arteries, and 
returns it to the heart ; in plants, a tube 
through which the sap is transmitted; an 
ore of metal in mines ; a streak or wave 
of different colors, as in marble; a ten- 
dency or turn of mind ; humour. 



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Vein'ed, a. full of veins ; streaked. 
Vein'y, a. veined ; variegated. 
Velif'erous, a. carry in g sails. 

Velita'tion, s. a skirmish; a dispute. 
Velle'ity, s. the lowest degree of desire. 

Vel'licate, v. to twitch, topluck, to stimulate. 

Vellica'tion, s. a twitching or stimulating. 

Vel'lum, s. a fine kind of parchment. 

Velo"city, s. speed, swiftness of motion. 

Vel'vet, a. made of velvet; soft, delicate. 

Vel'vet, s. a rich silk stuff covered with a 
close soft nap. 

Velveteen', s. a kind of stuff made in imita- 
tion of velvet. 

Vcl'vety, a. made of velvet, or like velvet. 

Ve'nal, a. mercenary, prostitute. 

Ve'nal, a. pertaining to the veins, 

Venal'ity, s. mercenariness. 

Ven'ary,' a. relating to hunting. 

Venat'ic, Yenat'ical, a. used in hunting. 

Vena'tion, s. the act or practice of hunting. 

Vend, v. to sell, to offer for sale. 

Vendee', s. one to whom any thing is sold. 

Vend'er, s. one who sells goods. 

Vendibility, s. the state of being saleable. 

Vend'ible, a. saleable; that may be sold: 
v. any thing offered for sale. 

Vend'iblencss, s. state of being vendible. 

Vend'ibly, ad. in a vendible manner. 

Venditation, s. boastful display. 

Vendi"tion, s. the act of selling; a sale. 

Ven'dor, s. in law, a vender or seller. 

Veneer', s. slices of wood for veneering. 

Veneer', v. to inlay with thin wood, so as to 
give the appearance of veins. 

Veneer'ing, s. the art of covering common 
wood with thin boards of a finer sort. 

Venefi"cial, a. poisonous ; bewitching. 

Venefi"ciously, ad. by poison or witchcraft. 

Ven'emous, a. poisonous ; malignant. 

Ven'enate, v. to poison. 

Venena'tion, s. poison, venom. 

Vene'ne, Vene'nosc, a. poisonous, venomous. 

Venerabil'ity, s. quality of being venerable. 

Ver/erablc, a. worthy of veneration. 

Ven'erableness, s. state of being venerable. 

Vcn'erably, ad. so as to excite reverence. 

Ven'erate, v. to treat with veneration. 

Veneration, s. a reverend or awful regard. 

Ven'erator, s. one who venerates. 

Venereal, a. pertaining to Venus, pertain- 
ing to venery. 

Vene'reous, a. libidinous, lustful. 

Vcn'ery, s. the sport of hunting. 

Ven'ery, s. sexual intercourse. 

Venesec'tion, s. blood-letting, a bleeding. 

Ven'ey, s. a turn or bout in fencing, (a cor- 
ruption of the French Venex, Come on.) 

Venge, v. to avenge, to punish. 

Ven'geable, a. revengeful. 

Vengeance, s. punishment, revenge. 

Ven'gefui, a. vindictive, revengeful. 

Ven'gement, 5. avengement. 

Ve'nial, a. pardonable, excusable. 

Ve'nialness, s. state of being venial. 

Ven'ison, s. flesh of deer or beasts of chase. 

Ven'om, s. poison, poisonous matter ; spite. 

Ven'om, v. to poison, to envenom. 

Ven'omous, a. poisonous; malignant. 

Ven'omously, ad. poisonously ; malignantly. 

Ven'om ousn ess, s. poisonousness; malignity. 



Ve'nous, a. pertaining to the veins. 

Vent, s. a small aperture through which the 
air escapes, or any thing is let out ; aa 
opening, a passage; a discharge, a sale. 
v. to give a vent or opening to ; to let out, 
to emit; to seii. 

Vcnt'age, v. a small hole, as of a flute. 

Ven'tail, s. that part of ;; helmet lifted up 
for breathing. 

Vent'er, s. the abdomen or lower belly. 

Vtn'tiduct, s. a passage for the wind. 

Ven'tilate, v. to cool or refresh with air. 

Ventila'tion, s. the act of ventilating. 

Ven'tilator, s. an instrument for ventilating. 

Ventos'ity, s. windincss, flatulence. 

Ventral, a. belonging to the belly. 

Ven'tricle, s. any small cavity in an animal 
body, particularly of the heart. 

Ventril'oquism, Ventril'oquy, s. the art of 
speaking in such a way that the voic« 
seems to come, not from the speaker, but 
from some other place. This was supposed 
to be done by forming the articulations in 
the cavity of the chest or belly, and hence 
the name. 

Ventriloquist, s. apractiser of ventriloquism . 

Ventril'oquous, a. relating to ventriloquism. 

Ven'ture, s. a hazard ; the thing put to 
hazard, a stake: v. to run a hazard; to 
expose to hazard; to risk, to dare. 

Venturer, j. one who ventures. 

Venturesome, Ven'turous, a. daring, bold. 

Venturesomely, ad. in a daring manner. 

Venturing, s. the act of putting to risk. 

A r en'turously ad. daringly, boldly. 

Yen'turousncbS, s. daringncss, boldness. 

Ven'ue, s. in law, the neighbourhood in 
which the declaration states tho cause of 
action to have arisen. 

Ve'nus, s. one of the planets. 

Vcra'eious, a. observant of truth ; true. 

Vera"city, s. observance of truth. 

Veran'da, s. a kind of open portico. 

Verb, s. a term in grammar. 

Vor'bal, a. spoken, oral ; literal. 

Verbal'ity, s. mere words. 

Ver'balize, v. to turn into a verb. 

Ver'baily, ad. orally; word for word. 

Verba'tim, ad. word for word, literally. 

Vcr'bcrate, v. to beat, to strike. 

Verberation, s. the act of beating. 

Ver'binge, s. mere words, empty discourse. 

Verbo'se, a. wordy, prolix, tedious. 

Verbos'ity, s. wordiness; prolixity. 

Ver'dancy, Vcr'dantness, s. greenness. 

Vcr'dant, a. green; fresh, flourishing. 

Verd-anti'que, J. the green incrustation upon 
ancient copper or brass coins. 

Ver'dcrer, s. a forest officer. 

Ver'dict, s. the decision of a jury. 

Ver'digris, s. the green rust of brass. 

Ver'dure, s. a green color; freshness. 

Ver'durous, a. green ; decked with green. 

Ver'ecund, a. modest, bashful. 

Verecun'dity, s. bashfulness, modesty. 

Verge, s. a rod ; a dean's mace. 

Verge, v. to bend downwards; to tend, to 
approach : s. a brink, an edge, a border. 

Ver'ger, s. a mace-bearer in cathedrals, tSeo. 

Verid'ical, a. telling truth. 

Ver'iiiable, a. that may be verified. 



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Verifica'tion, 5. confirmation by evidence. 

Ver'ifier, s. one who verifies. 

Ver'ify, v. to prove to be true, to confirm. 

Ver'ily, ad. in truth, really. 

Verisim'ilar, a. likely, probable. 

Verisimil'itude, s. appearance of truth, 
likelihood, probability. 

Ver'itable, a. agreeable to fact, true. 

Ver'itably, ad. in a true manner. 

Verity, s. truth, a true assertion, reality. 

Vcr'juice, s. the liquor of crab-apples. 

Veruieol'ogy, s. that part of natural history 
which treats of worms. 

Vermiccl'li, [It.] s. a paste spun like threads. 

Vermic'ular, a. acting or moving like a 
worm ; resembling a worm. 

Vermicula'tion, s. motion, as of a worm. 

Ver'micule, s. a littio grub or worm. 

Vermic'ulous, a. full of worms or grubs. 

Ver'mifuge, s. a medicine to destroy worms. 

Vermil'ioned, a. dyed with a bright red. 

Vermil'ion, 5. a beautiful red color. 

Ver'min, s. any noxious animal. 

Ver'minate, v. to breed vermin. 

Vermina'tion, s. the breeding of vermin. 

Ver'minous, a. tending to breed vermin. 

Vermip'arous, a. producing worms. 

Vermiv'orous, a. feeding on worms. 

Vernac'ular, a. of one's own country, native. 

Ver'nal, a. belonging to the spring. 

Vor'nant, a. flourishing as in the spring. 

Ver'nier, s. a graduated index on a scale. 

Vernil'ity, s. servile behaviour, meanness. 

Ver'rucous, a. having or full of warts. 

Yersatiu.. a. easy to bo turned round; that 
-ran turn to any tiling; variable. 

Vorcatil'ity, *. quality of being versatile. 

Verse, s. a lino in poetry ; a stanza ; metri- 
cal composition, poetry ; a short section or 
paragraph in prose. 

Ver'sed, a. skilled, conversant in. 

Ver'sicle, s. a little verse. 

Ver'si-colorecl, a. changeable in color. 

Versifica'tion, s. the art of making verses. 

Ver'sificr, s. a makpr of versos. 

Ver'sify, v. to mako or relate in verse. 

Vcr'sion, s. a turning or changing of some- 
thing ; a translation ; a change. 

Verst', s. a Russian measure of length (about 
three-quarters of an English mile.) 

Vert, s. every green tree in a forest. 

Ver'tcbra, s. a joint in the hack-bone or 
spine; in the plural, generally Vertebrse. 

Vertebral, a. relating to the back-bone. 

Vertcbrated, a. furnished with vertebrae. 

Vertex, s. the top of anything ; the zenith. 

Vertical, a. in the zenith, perpendicular to 
the plane of the horizon. 

Ver'tical 1 y, ad. in the zenith. 

Ver'ticalnes3, s. state of being vertical. 

Verti"city, s. the act of turning about. 

Ver'ticle, s. an axis, a hinge. 

Vertiginous, a. turning round ; giddy. 

Verti"ginousness, s. state of being vertigin- 
ous ; giddiness. 

Verti'go, s. a giddiness in the head. 

Ver'vain, s. the name of a plant. 

Ver'vel, s. a label tied to a hawk. 

Ver'y, a. rcai, true : ad. in a great degree. 

Ves'icate, v. to blister. 
Vesication, 5. the act of blistering. 



Ves'icatory, s. a blistering medicine. 

Ves'icle, s. a little bladder or blister. 

Vesic'ular, a. having vesicles ; hollow. 

Ves'per, s. the evening-star ; the evening, 

Ves'pers, s. evening service or prayers. 

Ves'pertine, a. pertaining to the evening. 

Ves'sel, s. any thing made for holding or 
containing something else ; as a cask or a 
vase for holding liquor, and a ship for hold- 
ing a cargo ; a tube for containing and con- 
veying blood in animal, and sap in vege- 
table bodies. 

Vest, s. an outer garment ; a waistcoat. 

Vest, v. to dress, to deck, to invest. 

Ves'tal, a. pertaining to Vesta; chaste, 
pure : s. a vestal virgin ; a pure virgin. 

Ves'ted, p. and a. invested, fixed, settled. 

Vcs'tibule, s. the entrance of a house. 

Ves'tige, s. a footstep, a trace, a mark. 

Vest'ment, s. a garment, a part of dress. 

Ves'try, s. a room adjoining a church, in 
which the sacerdotal vestments are kept '* 
a parochial assembly held in the A-estry. 

Ves'try-clerk, s. the officer who keeps the 
parish accounts and books. 

Ves'tryman, s. one of the men chosen to 
conduct the affairs of the parish. 

Vos'ture, s. a garment, a robe, a dress. 

Vetch, s. a leguminous plant, a kind of pea. 

Vetch'y, a. abounding in vetches. 

Vet'eran, a. old in practice, particularly in 
war: s. an old soldier; an old practitioner. 

Veterinarian, s. one skilled in the diseases 
of horses ; a farrier. 

Vet'crinary, a. pertaining to farriery. 

Ve'to, [Lat. v. "I forbid,"] but applied to 
a prohibition, or the power of prohibiting. 

Vex, v. to disquiet, to plague, to torment. 

Vexa'tion, s. the act of vexing ; trouble. 

Vexa'tious, a. causing vexation, teasing. 

Vexa'tiously, ad. in a vexatious manner. 

Vexa'tiousness, s. troublcsomeness. 

Vex'er, s. one who vexes. 

Vex'illary, s. a standard-bearer: a. pertain- 
ing to an ensign or standard. 

Vcx'ingly, ad- so as to vex or disturb. 

Vi'a, ad. by the way of: s. [Lat.] a way. 

Vi'aduct, s. a constructed carriage-way. 

Vi'al, s. a phial or small bottle. 

Vi'al, v. to put in a vial. 

Vi'and, s. meat dressed, meat, food. 

Vi'ary, a. happening in ways or roads. 

Viat'ic, a. pertaining to a journey. 

Viat'icum, *. provision for a journey; the 
last rites used for a departing soul. 

Vi'brate, v. to movebackwards and forwards ; 
to swing ; to oscillate ; to quiver. 

Vibra'tion, s. the act of vibrating ; an oscil- 
lation ; a quivering. 

Vi'brativo, a. that vibrates. 

Vi'bratory, a. vibrating ; causing to vibrato. 

Vic'ar, 5. a minister of a parish where the 
tithes arc impropriated; a substitute. 

Vic'aragc, s. the benefice of a vicar. 

Vicar-gcn'cral, s. he who exercises jurisdic- 
tion over spiritual affairs. 

Vica'rial, a. pertaining or relating to a vicar. 

Vica'riato, s. delegated office or power: a. 
having a delegated power as vicar. 

Vica'rious, a. acting in place of another. 

Vica'riously, ad. in place of another. 



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Vic'arship, s. the office of a vicar. 
Vice, s. depravity, wickedness ; a habitual 
fault or defect. 

Vice, s. a small iron press with a screw ; 
a tight grasp or gripe : v. to draw, as by 
the force of a vice. 

Vice, a. a substitute ; second in rank. 

Vice-ad'miral, s. the second in command. 

Vice-a'gent, s. one who acts for another. 

Vice-cha'mberlain, s. the next in authority 
to the lord chamberlain. 

Vice-chan'cellor, s. the second judge in the 
court of Chancery ; the second magistrate 
in a university. 

Vice-con'sul, s. an ass-istant consul. 

Vicege'rency, s. the office of a vicegerent. 

Vicege'rent, s- one holding deputed or dele- 
gated power, a lord lieutenant. 

"Vicege'rent, a. having a delegated power. 

Vi"cenary, a. belonging to twenty. 

Vice-pres'ident, s. the next in rank and au- 
thority to the president. 

Vi'ceroy, s. one who governs a kingdom with 
regal authority. 

Viceroy'alty, s. dignity of a viceroy. 

Vi'ceroyship, s. office of a viceroy. 

Vi'ce-ver'sa, [Lat.] ad. contrariwise. 

Vi"cinage, s. neighbourhood, vicinity. 

Vi"cinal, a. near, adjoining to. 

Vicin'ity, s. neighbourhood, nearness. 

Vi"cious, a. addicted to vice, wicked, cor- 
rupt in principles. 

Vi"ciously, ad. in a vicious manner. 

Vf'ciousness, s. quality of being vicious. 

Vicis'situde, s. change, in which the same 
things come round or occur ; revolution ; 
succession. 

Vicissitu'dinary, a. regularly changing. 

Vicon'tiel, a. pertaining to the sheriff. 

Vic'tim, s. something slain for a sacrifice, a 
sacrifice ; something destroyed. 

Vic'timize, v. to make a victim of, especially 
in a swindling transaction. 

Vic'tor, j. a conqueror, a vanquisher. 

Victo'rious, a. conquering, vanquishing ; 
having obtained a victory. 

Victoriously, ad. triumphantly. 

Victo'riousness, s. the being victorious. 

Vic'tor y, s. conquest, triumph, success. 

Vic'tress, Vic'toress, s. a female conqueror. 

Vict'ua), v. to supply with food or provisions. 

Victualler, s. a provider of victuals; one 
who keeps a house of entertainment. 

Vict'uals, s. provision of food, provisions. 

Videl'icet, ad. to wit, namely, but usually 
written Viz. 

Vidu'ity, s. widowhood. 

Vie, v. to strive or contend with for supe- 
riority ; to strive, to contend. 

View, v. to survey, to inspect, to see. 

View, s. a prospect, a sight ; a survey. 

View'cr, s. one who views. 

View'ing, s. the act of beholding. 

View'less, a. not discernible by the sight. 

Vi"gil, s. a keeping watch : pi. devotion at 
the customary hours of sleep; the service 
used on the eve of a holiday. 

Vi"gilance, Vi"gilanty, s. forbearance of 
sleep, watchfulness, circumspection. 

Vi"gil, u ,t, a. waichtul c reum.spoct. 

Vigilantly, ad. watchfully, attentively. I 



Vignett'e, s. a page of a book ornamented 
with wreaths of vines and flowers; a draw- 
ing without boundary lines. 
Vig'orous, a. full of strength and life. 
Vig'orously, ad. with force, forcibly. 
Vig'orousness, s. force, strength. 
Vig'our, s. force, strength, energy, efficacy. 
Vile, a. sordid, worthless, mean, base. 
Vi'lely, ad. meanly, basely, shamefully. 

Vi'leness, s. state or quality of being vile. 

Vilifica'tion, s. the act of vilifying. 

Vil'ifier, s. one that vilifies. 

Vil'ify, v. to make vile, to defame, to abuse. 

Vil'ipend, v. to treat with contempt. 

Vil'la, s. a country scat ; a small village. 

Vil'lage, s. a small collection of houses. 

Vil'lager, s. an inhabitant of a village. 

Villager y, s. a district of villages. 

Vil'lain, s. a degraded wicked wretch ; for- 
merly one who held lands by a base or ser- 
vile tenure, a serf. 

Vil'lanage, s. state or condition of a villain ; 
a base or servile tenure. 

Vil'lanize, v. to debase, to degrade. 

Vil'lanous, s. base, vile, wicked; sorry. 

Vil'lanously, ad. in a villanous manner. 

Vil'lanousness, s. baseness, wickedness. 

Vil'lany, s. wickedness, baseness. 

Villat'ic, a. belonging to villages. 

Vil'lenage, s. See Villanage. 

Vil'lous, a. shaggy, rough, furry. 

Vimin'eous, a. made of or like twigs. 

Vina'ceous, a. belonging to wine or grapes. 

Vin'cible, a. conquerable. 

Vin'cibleness, s. liableness to be overcome. 

Vinc'ture, s. a binding. 

Vinde'mial, a. belonging to a vintage. 

Vinde'miate, v. to gather the vintage. 

Vin'dicable, a. that may be vindicated. 

Vin'dicate, v. to defend, to justify; to 
maintain ; to avenge. 

Vindica'tion, s. a defence, a justification. 

Vin'dicative, a. tending to vindicate. 

Vin'dicator, s. one who vindicates. 

Vin'dicatory, a. dofensory, justificatory; 
performing the office of vengeance. 

Vindic'tive, a. revengeful, given to revenge. 

Vindictively, ad. revengefully. 

Vindic'tiveness, s. a revengeful temper. 

Vine, s. the plant that bears the grape. 

Vi'ned, a. having leaves like the vine. 

Vi'ne-dresser, s. one who trains vines. 

Vin'egar, s. sour wine; an acid liquor. 

Vi'nery, s. a place for rearing vines. 

Vin'eyard, s. a ground planted with vines. 

Vi'nolent, a. given to wine. 

Vinos'ity, s. quality of being vinous. 

Vi'nous,' a. having the quality of wine. 

Vin'tage, s. the time of making wine. 

Vin'tager, s. one who gathers the vintage. 

Vint'ner, s. one who retails wine. 

Vin'try, s. a place for the sale of wine. 

Vi'ny, a. abounding in vines. 

Vi'ol', s. a stringed musical instrument. 

Vi'olable, a. that may be violated. 

Viola'ceous, a. resembling or like violets. 

Vi'olatc, v. to injure by force, to break, to 
infringe ; to profane ; to outrage chastity. 

Viola'tion, s. infringement ; a deflowering. 

Vi'olator, s. one that violates. 

Vi'olence, s. force, outrage, injury. 






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Vi'olent, a. acting by violence, outrageous. 
Violently, ad. in a violent manner. 
Vi'olet, s. the name of a sweet flower. 
Vi'olin, s. a fiddle, a musical instrument. 
Vi'olinist, s. a player on the violin. 
Vi'oiist, s. a player on the viol. 
Violoncello, [It.] s. a musical instrument. 
Vi'per, s. a venomous serpent. 
Vi'perine, a. pertaining to a viper. 
Vi'perous, a. having the qualities of a viper. 
Vira'go, s. a bold masculine woman. 
Vir'elay, s. a roundelay, a kind of song. 
Vi'rent, a. green ; not faded. 
Vir'gate, a. shaped like a rod or wand. 
Virgo, s. See Verge. 
Vir'gin, s. a maiden, a woman not a mother : 

a. maidenly, chaste ; pure, fresh. 
Virginal, a. pertaining to a virgin: s. a 

kind of harpsichord formerly played by 

young ladies. 
Virgin'ity, s. maidenhood ; purity. 
Vir'go, s. the sixth sign in the zodiac. 
Virid'ity, s. greenness ; immaturity. 
Vir'ile, a. manly ; vigorous. 
Viril'ity. s. manhood ; manly vigour. 
Virtu', [It.] s. a love of the fine arts. 
Virtual'ity, s. efficacy, power. 
Vir'tual, a. effectual, real ; being in essence 

or effect, not in fact. 
Vir'tually, ad. ejffectually, not formally. 
Vir'tuate, v. to rShke efficacious. 
Vir'tue, s. moral goodness; valour; efficacy. 
Vir'tueless, a. not having virtue or efficacy. 
Virtuo'so, s. one skilled in articles of vertu. 
Vir'tuous, a. morally good ; chaste, modest; 

efficacious. 
Vir'tuously, ad. in a virtuous manner. 
Vir'ulence, Vir'ulency, s. malignity, acri- 
mony of temper, bitterness. 
Vir'ulent, a. venomous; malignant. 
Vir'ulently, ad. in a virulent manner. 
Vi'rus, [Lat.] s. poison; virulent matter. 
Vis'age, s. the face, countenance, look. 
Vis'aged, a. having a face or visage. 
Vis'ard, s. See Vizard. 
Vis-a-vis, [Fr.] s. a carriage that holds two 

persons sitting face to face. 
Vis'eera, [Lat.] s. the bowels. 
Vis'ccral, a. pertaining to the bowels. 
Vis'cerate, v. See Eviscerate. 
Vis'cid, a. glutinous, tenacious. 
Viscid'ity, s. glutinousness, tenacity. 
Viscos'ity, Vis'cousness, s. viscidity, tenacity. 
Vi'scount, s. degree of nobility next an earl. 
Vi'scountess, s. the lady of a viscount. 
Vi'scountship, s. the office of a viscount. 
Vis'cous, a. clammy, glutinous, ropy, sticky. 
Viah'nu, s. a chief deity of the Hindoos. 
Vis'ible. a. perceivable by the eye; apparent, 

conspicuous. 
Vis'ibleness, s. quality of being visible. 
Visibil'ity, s. visibleness. 
Vis'ibly, ad. openly, conspicuously. 
Vis'ion, s. the faculty of seeing; the act of 

seeing; a sight, a dream, a phantom. 
Vis'ional, a. pertaining to a vision. 
Vis'ionary, a. imaginary, seen in a dream : 

s. one whose imagination is disturbed; 

one who forms impracticable schemes. 
Vis'it, s. the act of going to see another. 
Vis'it, v. to go to see ; to send good or evil. 



Vis'itable, a. that may be visited. 
Vis'itant, s. one who visits another. 
Visita'tion, s. the act of visiting ; a judicial 

visitor inspection ;ajudgmentfrom heaven. 
Visitatorial, a. pertaining or belonging to 

a judicial visitor. 
Vis'iter, s. one who visits as a friend or 

neighbour. Vis'itor, s. one who visits as 

an inspector or judge. 
Vis'iting, a. authorized or privileged to visit : 

s. the act of going to see ; visitation. 
Vi'sive, a. pertaining to the power of seeing. 
Vis'or, s. a mask for the face, with aper- 
tures to see through, a vizard ; the part of 

a helmet, fronting the eyes. 
Vis'ored, a. wearing a visor or mask. 
Vis'ta, [It.] s. a view or prospect opening 

through trees. 
Vis'ual, a. pertaining to sight; used in sight. 
Vi'tal, a. necessary to life, essential. 
Vital'ity, s. the principle or power of life. 
Vi'tally, ad. in a vital manner. 
Vi'tals, s. pi. parts essential to life. 
Vit'ellary, s. the place where the yolk of an 

egg swims in the white. 
Vi"tiate, v. to deprave, to corrupt. 
Vitia'tion, s. depravation, corruption. 
Vitilitigation, s. contention; litigation. 
Vitios'ity, s. depravity, corruption. 
Vit'reo-elec'tric. a. containing the electricity 

excited by rubbing glass. 
Vit'reous, a. glassy, resembling glass. 
Vit'reousness, s. state of being vitreous. 
Vitres'cence. s. susceptibility of being form- 
ed into glass; glassiness. 
Vitres'cent, a. tending to become glass. 
Vitres'cible, a. that can be vitrified. 
Vit'rifiable, a. capable of being vitrified. 
Vitrif'icate, v. to change into glass. 
Vitrifac'tion, s. the act of vitrifying. 
Vit'rify, v. to change into or become glass. 
Vit'riol, s. a mineral substance; a sulphate 

of certain metals, as of copper, iron, dec. 
Vit'riolate, v. to convert into sulphuric acid. 
Vit'riolated, a. impregnated with vitriol. 
Vitriol'ic, a. containingorresembling vitriol. 
Vit'uline, a. pertaining to a calf, or to veal. 
Vitu'perable, a. blameworthy. 
Vitu'perate. v. to blame, to censure. 
Vitupera'tion, s. blame, censure. 
Vitu'perative, a. containing censure. 
Viva'cious, a. lively, sprightly, gay. 
Viva'ciousness, J. quality of being vivacious. 
Viva"city, s. liveliness, sprightliness. 
Vi'vary, s. any place where living animals 

are kept, a park, a fish-pond. 
ATvency, s. manner of supporting life. 
Vives, s. a distemper among horses. 
Viv'id, a. lively, sprightly, striking ; strong. 
Viv'idly, ad. with life; strikingly. 
Viv'idness, 5. life, vigour, quickness. 
Vivif'ic. a. giving life, making alive. 
Vivif'icate. s. See Vivify. 
Vivifica'tion, 5. the act of vivifying. 
Vivificative, a. able to vivify. 
Viv'ify, v. to make alive, to animate. 
Vivip'arous, a. bringing the young alive. 
Vix'en, s. a she-fox: a scolding woman. 
Vix'enlv, a. like a vixen. 
Viz. See Videlicet. 

Viz'ard, s. a mask: v. to mask. See Visor. 
Q 



VIZ 



S33 



VUL 



Viz'ier, s. the Turkish prime minister. 
Vo'cable, s. a word. 

Vocab'ulary, s. a small dictionary or lexicon. 
Vo'cal, a. of or belonging to the voice. 
Vo'calist, s. a singer. 
Vocal'ity, s. power of utterance. 
Vo'calize, v. to make vocal. 
Vo'cal 1 y, ad. in words ; articulately. 
Vooa'tion, s. a summons; a calling or em- 
ployment ; a calling by the will of God. 
Voo'ative, s. the case of Douns in grammar, 

used in calling or speaking to. 
Vociferate, v. to clamour, to exclaim. 
Vocifera'tion, s. clamour, outcry. 
Vociferous, a. clamorous, noisy, loud. 
Vogue, s. fashion, mode ; repute. 
Voice, s. sound emitted by the mouth ; an 
opinion expressed ; language ; a vote or 
suffrage ; a term in grammar. 
Voice, v. to rumour; to clamour. 
Voi'ced, a. furnished with a voice. 
Voi'ccless, a. having no voice. 
Void, a. empty, vacant; null, ineffectual. 
Void, s. an empty space, emptiness. 
Void, v. to leave empty, to evacuate ; to 

emit ; to annul. 
Void'able, a. that may be made void. 
Void'ance, s. the act of making void. 
Vo:'.d'er, s. one who voids ; a basket for car- 
rying broken meat from table. 
Void'ness, s. emptiness, vacuity ; nullity. 
Voi'ture, [Fr.] s. a kind of carriage or coach. 
Vo'lant, a. flying, nimble. 
Vol'atile, a. flying ; evaporating quickly ; 

lively; flighty; fickle. 
Vol'atileness, Volatility, s. the quality of 

being volatile. 
Volatilization, s. the act of making volatile. 
Vol'atilize, v. to render volatile. 
Volcan'ic, a. produced by a volcano. 
Volca'no, s. a burning mountain. 
Vole, .y. a deal at cards that draws the whole 

tricks to one party ; a slam. 
Vol'ery, s. a flight of birds. 
Volita'tion, s. the act or power of flying. 
Voli"tion, s. the act of willing ; the power 

of determining any action by the will. 
Vol'itive, a. having the power to will. 
Vol'ley, s. a flight or discharge of musketry. 
Vol'ley, v. to discharge in a volley. 
Vol'leyed, a. discharged in a volley. 
Volt, s. a bound, a turn. 
Volta'ism, s. a branch of electrical science, 

galvanism as improved by Volta. 
Volubil'ity, s. the act or power of rolling; 

fluency of speech. 
Vol'uble, a. formed so as to roll easily; rol- 
ling ; fluent, talkative. 
Vol'ubly, ad. in a voluble manner. 
Vol'ume, s. a rolling or folding ; compass or 

extent ; a book. 
Vol'umed, a. formed like a volume or roll. 
Volu'minous, a. consisting of many volumes. 
Volu'minously, ad. in many volumes. 
Volu'minousness, s. the being voluminous. 
Vol'umist, s. one who writes a volume. 
Vol'untarily, ad. of one's own accord. 
Voluntariness, s. state of being voluntary. 
Voluntary, a. acting by choice, willing. 
Vol'untary, s. music played at will without 
any settled rule ; a volunteer. 



; 



j Volunteer', s. one who enters into military 

or other service of his own accord. 
j Volunteer', v. to enlist for a soldier, to offer 
or bestow voluntarily. 
Volup'tuary, s. one addicted to voluptuous- 
ness, a sensualist. 
Volup'tuous, a. luxurious, sensual. 
Volup'tuously, ad. luxuriously. 
Volup'tuousness, s. luxuriousness. 
Voluta'tion, s. a wallowing, a rolling. 
Volu'te, s. a kind of spiral scroll on the 

capital of a column. 
Volu'tion, s. a spiral turn. 
Vom'ica, s. an abscess in the lungs. 
Vom'it, v. to cast out of the stomach, to 
throw from the stomach : s. the matter 
thrown up from the stomach ; an emetic. 
Vomf'tion, s. the act or jjower of vomiting. 
Vom'itive, a. causing or producing vomits. 
Vom'itory, a. causing vomits: 5. an emeti 
Vora'cious, a. ravenous, greedy to devour. 
Vora'ciously, ad. greedily, ravenously 
Vora'eiousness, s. voracity, greediness 
Vora"city, j. ravenousness. 
Vora"ginous, a. full of gulfs. 
Vor'tcx, s. a whirlpool ; a whirlwind. 
Vor'tical, a. having a whirling motion. 
Vo'taress, s. a female votary. 
Vo'tary, s. one devoted, as by a vow, to any 

service or pursuit. 
Vo'tary, a. devoted, promised. 
Vote, v. to choose or give by vole. 
Vote, s. a voice given and numbered at an 

election, suffrage. 
Vo'ter, s. one Avho has a right to vote. 
Vo'tive, a. given or done by vow ; vnved. 
Vouch, v. to call to witness ; to bear witness, 

to attest ; to warrant, to maintain. 
Vouch, s. a warrant, attestation. 
Vouch'er, s. one who, or that which vouches. 
Vouchsa'fe, v. to condescend, to grant. 
Vouchsa'fement, s. a grant in condescension. 
Vow, s. a solemn and religious promise. 
Vow, v. to make a vow ; to protest. 
Vow'el, s. a letter utterable by itself: a. 

pertaining to a vowel, vocal. 
Vow'el led, a. furnished with vowels. 
Vow'er, s. one who makes a vow. 
Voy'age, s. a journey by sea; a course. 
Voy'age, v. to travel by sea. 
Voy'ager, s. one who travels by sea. 
Vul'gar, a. common, ordinary ; mean, low. 
Vul'gar, s. the common or lower people. 
Vul'garism, s. vulgarity, a vulgar phrase. 
Vulgar'ity, s. coarseness of manners or lan- 
guage ; meanness of condition. 
Vul'garize, v. to render mean or vulgar. 
Vul'garly, ad. among the common people ; 

commonly; coarsely, meanly. 
Vul'gate, ^ the common or ordinary Latin 
version of the Scriptures authorized by 
the church of Rome. 
Vul'gate, a. pertaining to the Vulgate. 
Vulnerable, a. that may be wounded. 
Vul'nerary, a. useful in curing wounds. 
Vul'nerate, v. to wound, to hurt. 
Vulnera'tion, s. the act of wounding. 
Vul'pine, a. belonging to a fox ; crafty. 
Vul'ture, s. a large rapacious bird of prey 
Vul'turine, a. belonging to a vulture. 
Vul'turous, a. like a vulture ; rapacious* 



WAB 



339 



V7AB, 



W. 

Wab'ble, v. to move from one side to the 

other, as a spinning top when about to fall. 
Wab'hlingly, ad. in a wabbling manner. 
Wacke, s. a substance intermediate between 

clay and basalt. 
Wad, s. any mass of loose matter thrust 

closely together. 
Wad'ded, a. formed into a wad or mass. 
Wad'ding, s. a kind of soft stuff used for 

quilting or stuffing garments. 
Wad'dle, v. to walk like a duck. 
Wad'dlingly, ad. with a waddling gait. 
Wade, v. to walk through water; to move 

with difficulty and labour. 
Wa'fer, s. a thin dried paste ; a thin leaf of 

paste for sealing a letter : v. to close or seal 

with a wafer. 
Waft, v. (to be carried by the waves) to 

float ; to convey through the water or air ; 

to beckon by a waving motion of the 

hand : s. a floating body. 
Waft'age, s. carriage by wafting. 
Waft'er, s. he or that which wafts. 
Waft'ure, s. the act of waving or floating. 
Wag, v. to be quick in ludicrous motion ; to 

move lightly from side to side, to shake 

slightly : s. a merry droll follow, a joker. 
Wage. v. to engage in ; to stake; to hazard. 
Wage, 5. a gage or pledge ; hire or pay for 

service; (but the plural is now always used.) 
Wa'ger, s. (a gage or pledge) a bet; the 

subject of a bet : v. to offer a wager. 
Wa'ges. See Wage, s. 
Wag'gery, s. the pranks of a wag. 
Wag'gish, a. mischievously droll. 
Waggishly, ad. in a waggish manner. 
Wag'gishness, s. mischievous sport. 
Wag'gle, v. to move from side to side. 
Wag'gon, s. a four-wheeled carriage for the 

conveyance of heavy goods. 
Wag'goner, s. one who drives a waggon. 
Wag'tail, s. the name of a small bird. 
Waif, Waift, s. goods found andnot claimed. 
Wail, v. to lament, to bewail, to moan. 
Wail, Wail'ing, s. lamentation. 
Wail'ful, a. mournful, sorrowful. 
Wain, s. a sort of cart or waggon. 
Wain'scot, s. a boarded lining for rooms. 
Wain'scot, v. to line walls with boards. 
Waist, s. the middle part of the body. 
Waist'band, s. that part of the small clothes 

which encircles the waist. 
Waist'coat, s. a part of a man's dress. 
Wait, v. to expect, to attend, to stay. 
Wait, s. ambush, as, to lie in wait. 
Wait'er, s. an attendant, one in waiting. 
Wait'ing, p. and a. staying for, attending. 
Wait'ing-maid, Wait'ing-woman, s. a female 

servant who waits on a lady. 
Waits, s. musicians who go round and play 

during the night. 
Waive, v. See Wave. 
Waiv'er, s. a refusal to accept. 
Wake, v . to be awake ; to watch ; to rouse 

from sleep ; to watch a corpse. 
Wake, s. state of forbearing sleep ; a watch 

or keeping awake; the track of a ship, so 

called because the water is disturbed or 

roused from its previous state. 



Wa'keful, a. not sleeping, watchful. 
Wa'kefully, ad. with sleeplessness. 
Wa'kefulness, s. forbearance of sleep. 
Wa'ken, v. to wake, to rouse from sleep 
Wa'ker, s. one who wakes or watches. 
Wale, s. a ridge or streak in cloth ; arising 

or projecting plank in the side of a ship : 

v . to mark with stripes. 
Walk, v. to go on foot ; to step or pace. 
Walk, s. the act of walking ; gait or manner 

of walking; the distance walked ; a placa 

for walking, a path, an avenue. 
Walk'er, s. one that walks. 
Walk'ing, s. the act of moving on the feet 

with a slow pace. 
Waik'ing-stick, s. a staff used in walking. 
Wall, s. a partition of brick or stone ; the 

side of a, building. 
Wall, v. to enclose with a wall. 
Wal'let, s. a bag or knapsack. 
Wall'-eye, s. a disease in the eye. 
Wall'-eyed, a. having white eyes. 
Wall'-flower, s. a species of gilliflower. 
Wall'-fruit, s. fruit raised from trees planted 

against a wall. 
Wal'lop, v. to boil, to boil with noise and 

bubbling; to drub soundly. 
Wal'low, v. to roll ; to roll in the mire ; to 

live in a state of filth or gross vice : s. a 

kind of rolling walk. 
Wal'lower, s. one who wallows. 
Wall'wort, s. a plant, dwarf-elder. 
Wal'nut, s. a, tree and its fruit. 
Wal'rus, s. the morse or sea-horse. 
Waltz, s. a kind of whirling dance. 
Wam'ble, v. to have or produce a rolling 

sensation, with nausea in the stomach. 
Wam'pum, s. a broad belt strung with cer- 
tain shells, which were formerly used as 

money by the North American Indians. 
Wan, a. pale, sickly, languid of look. 
Wand, s. a rod, a long slender stick ; a staff 

of office or authority. 
Wan'der, v . to ramble ; to go astray. 
Wan'derer, s. one who wanders. 
Wander'ing, s. the act of rambling or going 

astray; aberration of mind. 
Wand'eringly, ad. in a wandering manner. 
Wane, s. decrease of the moon ; decline. 
Wane, v. to diminish, to decrease. 
Wan'ness, s. paleness, a sickly hue. 
Wan'nish, a. somewhat pale or wan. 
Want, v. to be without, to need ; to fail. 
Want, s. lack, need, deficiency ; poverty. 
Want'ing, a. absent, deficient. 
Want'less, a. having no want; abundant. 
Wan'ton, s. a loose or lascivious woman. 
Wan 'ton, v. to act like a wanton. 
Wan'ton, a. lascivious ; sportive 
Wan'ton ize, v. to behave wantonly. 
Wan'tonly, ad. in a lascivious manner. 
Wan'tonix'ss, s. lasciviousness ; frolic. 
Wap'entake, s. a division of a county. 
War, s. open hostility between nations : 

fighting, combat; enmity; the profession 

of arms: Man-of-war, a ship for fighting. 
War, v to make or carry on war. 
War'ble, v. to quaver any sound ; to sing. 
Warbler, J. a songster, a singing bird. 
Warb'ling, a. filled with musical notes: s. 

the act of modulating notes. 
Q2 



WAR 



340 



WAT 



Ward. s. the act of guarding ; a watch, a. guard ; 
a garrison ; a district of a town under the 
guardianship of an alderman ; one under 
a guardian ; custody ; part of a lock. 

Ward, v. to guard ; to watch ; to fence off. 

War'den, s. a head officer; a guardian. 

War'denship, s. office of a warden. 

War'der, s. a keeper, a guard. 

Ward'mote, s. a ward-meeting. 

Ward'robe, s. a place where apparel is kept ; 
a person's wearing apparel. 

Ward'room, s. a guard-room, the room in a 
ship over the gun-room where the officers 
mess and sleep. 

Ward'ship, s. guardianship ; pupilage. 

Ware, s. merchandise, goods collectively. 

Wa'rehouse, s. a house for merchandise. 

Wa'rehouse, v. to deposit in a warehouse. 

Wa'reless, a. incautious, unwary. 

Wares, s. pi. goods or property to he sold. 

War'fare, s. military service : military life. 

War'hoop, s. the savage yell of war. 

War'horse, s. a horse trained for war. 

Wa'rily, ad. cautiously; prudently. 

Wa'riness, s. caution ; prudent forethought. 

War'like, a. fit for war; martial; relating 
to war. 

War'likeness, s. warlike disposition. 

War'lock, .$. a male witch, a wizard. 

Warm, a. heated to a small degree ; ardent, 
zealous; passionate; hot-tempered; san- 
guine, enthusiastic. 

Warm, v. to heat moderately. 

Warni'ingpan, s. a pan to warm a bed. 

Warm'ly, ad. with gentle heat; eagerly. 

Warmth, s. gentle heat; zeal, passion. 

Warn, v. to caution, to notify, to admonish. 

Warn'er, s. an admonisher. 

Warn'ing, s. previous notice, a caution. 

War'office, s. the office in which the military 
affairs of a country are conducted. 

Warp, s. the thread that crosses the woof. 

Warp, v. to turn or twist out of shape ; to 
distort; to shrivel; to pervert; to tow a 
ship with a warp. 

Warp'ing, s. the act of turning aside from 
the true direction. 

War'-proof, s. valour known by proof. 

War'rant, s. a writ of caption ; authority. 

War'rant, v. to guarantee ; to authorize ; to 
justify ; to support or maintain. 

Warrantable, a. justifiable. 

War'rantableness, s. justifiableness. 

War'rantably, ad. justifiably. 

Warrantee', s. one to whom a warranty is 
granted. 

Warrantor', s. one who grants a warranty. 

War'ranty, s. a deed of security for the per- 
formance of a contract: authority. 

War'ren, s. a park or enclosure for rabbits. 

War'rener, s. a keeper of a warren. 

War'rior, s. a soldier, a military man. 

War'rioress, s. a female warrior. 

Wart, s. a small protuberance on the skin. 

Wart'y, a. like or grown over with warts. 

War'-worn, a. worn with war, battered. 

Wa'ry, a. cautious, circumspect. 

Was, v. the past tense of Be. 

Wash, v. to cleanse with water; to bathe, 
to lave ; to overflow ; to color the surface 
by washing, as with gold, &c. 



Wash. s. the act of washing linen ; thei.netj 
or clothes washed; a lotion ; alluvial mat- 
ter ; a marsh ; a watery place ; a mess for 
hogs from dish-washings, &c. 
Wash/ball, s. a ball made of soap, &c. ■ 
Wash '-board, s. a board fixed on the side of 

a boat, to prevent the sea washing over. 
Wash'er, s. one who washes. 
Wash'er-woman, s. a woman that washes 

and makes up clothes. 
Wash'ing, s. the act of cleansing with water. 
Wash'pot, s. a vessel for washing. 
Wash'tub, s. a tub or vessel in which clothes 

are washed. 
Wash'y, a. watery; soft, not solid; weak. 
Was]), s. a stinging insect like a bee. 
Wasp-fly, j. a species of fly resembling a 
wasp, but without a sting. 

Wasp'ish, a. irritable, peevish, malignant. 

Wasp'ishly, ad. in a waspish manner. 

Wasp'ishness, s. peevishness, irritability. 

Was'sail, *. a drink made of ale, sugar, and 
roasted apples, particularly at merry-mak- 
ings ; a drunken revel : v. to tope, to 
revel ; to hold a merry-making. 

Was'sailer, s. a toper, a reveller. 

Waste, v. to squander, to lavish; to dimin- 
ish ; to destroy ; to desolate; to dwindle ; 
to be consumed. 

Waste, s. the act of squandering ; useless 
expenditure, lavish consumption ; loss, 
destruction ; a barren and desolate tract 
of ground. 

Waste, a. uncultivated; worthless; desolate. 

Wa'steful, a. destructive, lavish, prodigal. 

Wa'ste fully, ad. in a wasteful manner. 

Wa'stefulness, s. prodigality, lavishness. 

Wa'steness, s, a desolate state, solitude. 

Watch, s. a keeping awake ; a night-guard ; 
a guard ; a watchman ; a period of the 
night; a pocket time-piece. 

Watch, v. to be awake; to keep guard; to 
observe attentively. 

Watch'er, s. one who watches. 

Watch'et, a. pale or light blue. 

Watch'ful, a. vigilant, attentive, careful. 

Watch'fully, ad. vigilantly, attentively. 

Watch'fulness, s. vigilance, heed. 

Watch-glass, s. a glass for covering the face 
of a watch. 

Watch'-house, s. a place where the night- 
watch is set ; a place of confinement. 

Watch'ing, s. wakefulness. 

Watch'maker, s. one who makes watches. 

Watch'man, s. a night-guard ; a sentinel. 

Watch'tower, s. a tower on which a sentinel 
is placed for the sake of observation. 

Watch'word, s. a sentinel's night-word. 

Wa'ter, s. a well-known fluid, formerly es- 
teemed one of the elements ; the sea ; 
urine ; the lustre of a diamond. 

Wa'ter, v. to supply with water ; to irrigate ; 
to take in water; to shed moisture ; to di- 
versify as with waves, as "watered silk." 

Wa'terage, s. money paid for water-carriage. 

Wa'ter-bearer, s. the sign Aquarius. 

Wa'ter-bellows, s. a machine for blowing a 
furnace with the aid of water. 

Wa'ter-carriage, s. conveyance by water. 

Wa'ter-cart, s. a cart of water used in sprink- 
ling the grouud. 



WAT 



341 



Wa'ter-clock, s a clock moved by water. 
Wa'ter-color, s. a color used or mixed with 
gum-water, opposed to oil-color. 

Wa'tercourse. s. a channel for water. 

Wa'tercress, s. a plant used as a salad. 

Wa'ter-cngine, s. an engine moved by water. 

Wa'terfall, s. a cascade, a cataract. 

Wa'ter-flag, s. the water fleur de luce. 

Wa'ter-ily, s. an insect seen on the water. 

Wa'terfowl, s. a fowl that swims in the 
water, and lives or breeds near it. 

Wa'ter-fox, s. a name of the carp. 

"VWter-furrow, s. a deep furrow or trench 
for carrying off water. 

Wa'ter-gall, s. a cavity in the earth made by 
a torrent of water. 

Wa'ter-god, s. a fabled deity that presides 
over the water. 

Water-gru'el, s. food of oatmeal and water. 

Wa'ter-gauge, s. an instrument for measur- 
ing the quantity of water. 

Water-hen, s. an aquatic fowl. 

Wa'teriness, s. humidity, moisture. 

Wa'tering, s. the act of sprinkling or sup- 
plying with water. 

Wa'tering-place, s. a place frequented for 
mineral waters or for bathing. 

Wa'tering-trough. s. a trough for horses and 
cattle to drink in. 

Wa'terish. a. resembling water ; moist. 

Wa'terishness, s. resemblance of water. 

Wa'ter-lily, s. the name of a plant. 

WVter-l.ogged, a. applied to a ship, when, 
in consequence of being nearly filled with 
water, she floats like a log. 

Wa'terman, s. a boatman, a ferryman. 

VVa'termark, *. the highest mark to which 
the sea or a flood rises; the lines formed 
on a sheet of paper at the time it is made. 

Wa'ter-melon, s. the name of a plant. 

Wa'ter-mill, a~. a mill turned by water. 

Wa'ter-newt, s. an animal of the lizard kind. 

Wa'ter-ourel, s. the name of a fowl. 

Wa'ter-proof, a. impervious to water. 

Wa'ter-rail, .v. an aquatic fowl. 

Wa'ter-rat, s. a kind of rat which lives upon 
the banks of streams. 

Wa'ter-rooket, s. a species of water-cress. 

Water-s;ipph'ire, s. a precious stone. 

Wa'ter-snake, s. a species of snake that fre- 
quents the water. 

Wa'ter-spout, s. a vertical column of water 
raised from the sea. 

Watertight, a. that will not admit water. 

Wa'ter-wheel, s ;i wheel moved by water. 

Wa'ter-works, s. artificial spouts of water. 

Wa'tery, a. like water, wet. washy, thin. 

Wat'tle, s. a willow; ahurdle; the flexible 
barbs or loose flesh below a cock's bill; 
the barbs of a fish. 

Wat/tic, v to bind with willows or flexible 
twigs, to form by platting twigs. 

Waul, v to cry as a eat. 

Wave, .v. a moving swell or volume of water, 
a billow; unevenness, inequality. 

Wave, v. to move like a wave : to undulate, 
to fluctuate ; to waft ; to raise into inequa- 
lities like waves ; to brandish, to beckon 
by a waving motion of the hand ; to reject 
or decline by a waving motion of the hand; 
to Relinquish, to put off. 



WEA 

Wa'veless, a. without waves, smooth, calm. 
Wa'ver, v. to fluctuate, to hesitate, to be 

irresolute or undecided. 
Wa'ver, s. a young slender tree. 
Wa'verer, 5. one unsettled and irresolute 
Wa'veringness, 5. state of wavering. 
Wa've-worn, a. worn by the waves. 
Wa'ving, a. moving to and fro: 5. the act 

of moving loosely. 
Wa'vy, a. rising in waves, undulating. 
Wax, s. a thick tenacious substance extracted 

from the honeycomb of bees. 
Wax, v. to smear with wax. 
Wax, v. to grow, to increase. 
Wax'-ehandler, s. a maker of wax candles. 
Wax'en, a. made of wax. 
Wax' work, *. figures formed of wax. 
Wax'y, a. soft like wax ; yielding. 
Way, s. a road, a passage; means, method, 

manner; process. 
Way-bill', s. an account of passengers and 

parcels conveyed. 
Way'farer, j. a passenger, a traveller. 
Way'faring. a. travelling, journeying. 
Waylay', v. to beset by the way or by ambush. 
Way'layer, s. one who waylays another. 
Way'less, a. pathless, traekless. 
Way'mark, s. mark to guide travellers. 
Way'ward, a. liking one's own way, froward, 

perverse, unruly. 
Way'wardly, ad. froward ; perversely. 
Way'wardness, s. frowardness, perverseness 
We, pr. the plural of I. 
Weak. a. feeble, not strong, infirm ; feeble 

of mind or intellect. 
Weak 'en, v. to make weak, to enfeeble. 
Weak'ener, s. one who, or that which 

weakens. 
Weak'ling, s. a feeble creature. 
Weak'ly, ad. feebly ; without efficacy. 
Weak'ly, a. not strong; not healthy. 
Weak'ness, s. feebleness, a defect, a failing. 
Weal, s. welfare, well-being, advantage. 

" The common " or " general weal" means 

the common or general welfare ; and hence 

Common-weal or Common-wealth, a re- 
public, as " The Commonwealth of Rome." 
Weal, s. a mark of a stripe. See Wale. 
Weald, s. a wild, a forest 
Wealth, s. riches, opulence. 
Wealthily, ad. richly. 
Wealth'iness, s. riches, abundantpossessions, 

state of being wealthy. 
Wealth'y, a. opulent, rich, abundant. 
Wean, v. to deprive of the breast ; to break 

off any habit or desire. 
Wean'ling, s. a child newly weaned. 
Wcap'on, s. an instrument of offence. 
Weap'oned, a. armed for offence. 
Weaponless, a. having no weapon. 
Wear, s. the act of wearing ; the thing worn. 
Wear, s. a dam to shut up and raise water ; 

a net of twigs to catch fish ; often written 

Weir and Wier. 
Wear, v. to impair or waste by use or time; 

to diminish slowly ; to consume gradually; 

to have on the person, as clothes ; to have 

or exhibit habitually. 
Wear'ablc, a. that can be worn. 
Wear'er, s. one who wears any thing. 
Wea'rincss, s. the state of being weary. 



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Wear ing, s. the act of wearing ; clothes. 
Wea'risome, a. tiresome, tedious. 
Wearisomely, ad. so as to cause weariness, 
Wea'risomeness, s. tiresomeness. 
Wea'ry, v. to tire, to fatigue ; to trouble or 

annoy : a. tired, fatigued ; impatient of 

the continuance of something ; causing 

weariness, tiresome. 
Wea'sand, s. the windpipe. 
Wea'sel, s. a small feline animal. 
Weath'er, s. the state of the air or atmos- 
phere ; a storm : v. to sail to windward of; 

to pass or get clear of with difficulty ; to 

endure or hold out. 
Weath'er-beaten, a. grown rough, seasoned 

or harassed by bad weather. 
Weath'ercock, s. a vane on a spire. 
Weath'er-gage, s. any thing which shows 

the weather. To have tho weather-gage 

of another ship, is to be windward of her. 
Weath'er-glass, s. a barometer. 
Weath'er-proof, a. impervious to or proof 

against bad weather. 
Weath'er-wise, a. foretelling the weather. . 
Weave, v. to unite threads so as to form j 

cloth ; to form by texture ; to form into a 

web ; to work at the loom. 
Weav'er, s. one who weaves cloth. 
Wea'ving, s. the art of forming cloth in a 

loom ; the art or business of a weaver. 
Web, s. any thing woven ; a film on the eye. 
Web'bed, a. joined by a membrane. 
Web'footed, a. having a film or membrane 

between the toes, as aquatic birds. 
Web'ster, s. a weaver, one who weaves 
Wed, v. to marry, to join in marriage. 
Wed'ded, a. married ; attached to. 
Wed'ding, s. the marriage ceremony. 
Wed'ding-day, s. the day of marriage. 
Wedge, j. a mass of metal ; one of the me- 
chanical powers : v. to cleave with a wedge ; 

to fasten with a wedge ; to drive or force 

as with a wedge. 
Wedlock, s. the married state, matrimony. 
Wed'nesday, s. the fourth day of the week. 
Wee, a. little, small, diminutive, puny. 
Weed, s. a garment, but now only used in 

the plural, and denoting the habiliments 

of a widow. 
Weed, s. a useless or noxious plant. 
Weed, v. to rid of noxious plants. 
Weed'er, s. one who weeds. 
Weed'ing, s. the act of freeing from weeds. 
Weed'hook, Weed'ing-hook, s. a hook by 

which weeds are cut away or extirpated. 
Weed'less, a. free from weeds. 
Weed'y, a. abounding with weeds. 
Week, s. the space of seven days. 
Week'-day, s. any day except Sunday. 
Week'ly, a. happening or done every week : 

ad. once a-week. 
Weel, s. a whirlpool ; a kind of trap for fish. 
Ween, v. to think, to imagine. 
Weep, v. to shed tears, to lament. 
Weep'er, s. a mourner; a white border of 

linen on the sleeve of a mourning dress. 
Weep'ing, s. shedding tears, lamentation. 
Weep'ingly, ad. with weeping, in tears. 
Weep'ing-willow, s. a willow tree with long j 

slender hanging branches. 
Weet, v. See the verb Wit. I 



Wee'vil, s. a grub injurious to corn. 

Weft. s. that which is woven, the woof. 

Weigh, v. to try the weight of any thing ; to 
examine nicely; to ponder or balance in 
the mind ; to heave up or raise the anchor ; 
to bear or press heavily ; to sink by its 
own weight. 

W^eigh, s. See Wey. 

Weigh'able, a. that may be weighed. 

Weigh'-bridge, s. the floor on which wag- 
gons, &c. rest, while their weight is ascer- 
tained. 

Weigh'er, s. any thing which weighs. 

W'eigh'ing, *. the act of ascertaining weight. 

Weigh'ing-machine. s. a machine for weigh- 
ing heavy loads or wheel carriages. 

Weighted, a. having the weights examined. 

Weight, s. the heaviness of anything ; quan- 
tity ascertained by the balance ; a ponder- 
ous mass; something to ascertain the 
weight of other bodies ; gravity ; pressure ; 
importance. 

Weight'ily, ad. heavily ; with force. 

Weight'iness, s. heaviness; importance. 

Weight'less, a. having no weight ; light. 

Weight'y, a. heavy ; important. 

Weird, a. witchlike ; skilled in witchcraft. 

Wei'away, int. expressive of grief. 

Wel'come, s. a kind reception of a guest : 
a. received with kindness ; pleasing ; free 
to have or to enjoy : v. to salute Avith kind- 
ness : int. a salutation to a visitor. 

Wercomely, ad. in a welcome manner. 

Wel'comeness, s. the act of making welcome ; 
a kind reception ; gratefulness. 

Wel'comer, s. one who bids welcome. 

Weld, s. a dyer's weed for yellow. 

Weld, v. to beat one mass into another. 

Weld'cr, s. one who welds iron. 

Weld'ing-heat, s. the heat fit for weldhsg 
iron bars. 

Wel'fare, s. welr-being, happiness. 

Wel'kin, s. the visible regions of the air. 

Well, s. a spring, a fountain ; a deep nar- 
row pit of water ; a cavity. 

Well, v. to issue as from a spring. 

Well, a. in health ; happy; prosperous. 

Well, ad. not amiss, to a sufficient degree ; 
rightly, properly. 

Well'aday, int. the usual form of Wellaway. 

Wellbe'ing, s. prosperity, happiness. 

Well-born', a. of high birth. 

Well-bred', a. polite, elegant of manners. 

Well-dispo'sed, a. kind, benevolent. 

Well'-done, int. denoting praise. 

Well-fa'vored, a. well-looking, handsome. 

Well-ground'ed, a. having agood foundation. 

Well-inten'tioned, a. well-meaning. 

Well-man'nered, a. polite, complaisant. 

Well-mean'er, s. one who means well. 

Well-mean'ing, a. having good intentions. 

Well-met', int. a term of salutation. 

Well-na'tured, a. good-natured, kind. 

Well-nigh, ad. almost, nearly. 

Well'spent, a. spent or passed with virtue, 

Well'-spoken, a. speaking well. 

Well'spring, s. spring, fountain, source. 

Well-thought', a. opportunely thought of. 

Well'-water, s. water from a well. 

Well-will'er, s. one who means kindly. 

Well-wish'er, s. one who wishes good. 



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Welsh, a. relating to the people or language 
of Wales: s. the people of Wales; the 
language of the Welsh. 
Welt, s. a border, a selvage, an edging. 
Welt, v. to sew on a border. 
Wel'ter, v. to wallow, to roll. 
Wen, s. fleshy excrescence or tumour. 
Wench, s. a young woman ; a loose woman. 
Wench, v. to frequent loose women. 
Wench'er, s. a follower of loose women. 
Wend, v. to go, to pass to or from. 
Wen'nish, Wen'ny, a. of the nature of a wen. 
West, s. the region where the sun sets : a. 
being in the region where the sun sets; 
coming from the west: ad. to the west, 
more westward. 
Wes'tering, a. passing towards the west. 
Wes'terly, a. tending towards the west. 
Western, a. westerly, from the west. 
West' ward, ad. towards the west. 
West'wardly, ad. with tendency to the west 
Wet, a. containing water, humid, moist, 
rainy: s. wetness, moisture, rain, rainy 
weather: v. to make wet, to moisten. 
Weth'er, s. a male sheep. 
Wet'ness, s. the state of being wet. 
Wet'shod, a. wet over the shoes. 
Wet'tish, a. rather wet, inclined to wet. 
Wey, s. six tods and a half of wool, or five 

quarters of corn. 
Whack, v. to thwack or strike hard. 
Whale, s. the largest of all fish. 
Wha'lebone, s. a firm elastic substance 

taken from the upper jaw of the whale. 
Whame, s. a species of horse-fly. 
Whang, s. a leather thong: v. to beat with 

thongs (a low word.) 
Wharf, s. a place to land goods at. 
Wharfage, s. rates for landing at a wharf. 
Whar'finger, s. a keeper of a wharf. 
What, pr. that which ; which part, which 

of several or many. 
Whatev'er, Whatsoev'er, pr. or a. all that, 

the whole that; any thing that may be. 
Wheal, s. a pustule. 

Wheat, s. bread-corn, the finest of grains. 
Wheat'ear, s. the name of a small bird. 
Wheat'en, a. made of wheat corn. 
Whee'dle, v. to entice by soft words, to coax. 
Wheed'ler, s. one who coaxes. 
Wheed'ling, s. the act of coaxing or cajoling. 
Wheel, s. a circular frame that turns on an 
axis ; a machine for spinning ; an instru- 
ment of torture ; an instrument used by 
potters ; a rotation, a revolution ; a compass 
or turn about. 
Wheel, v. to move on wheels ; to turn on an 
axis; to turn round ; to fetch a compass. 
Wheel'barrow, s. abarrow moved on a wheel. 
Wheel'er, s. a maker of wheels; a horse 

next the wheels of a coach. 
Wheel'ing, s. the act of conveying on wheels 
Wheelwright, s. a maker of wheels. 
Whcel'y, a. circular; suitable to rotation. 
Wheeze, v. to breathe with a noise. 
Whelk, s. a wrinkle; a pustule ; a wilk. 
Whelk'y, a. protuberant ; embossed. 
Whelm, v. to cover over or completely, to 

immerse, to bury. 
Whelp, s. the young of a dog, lion, &c. 
Whelp, v. to bring forth voung as beasta 



When, ad. at the time that ; at what time 

(interrogatively); after the time that. 
Whence, ad. from what place (interroga- 
tively) ; from which source or cause. 
Whenceso'ever, ad. from whatsoever place 

source, or cause. 
Whenev'er, ad. at whatsoever time. 
Whensoever, ad. at what time soever. 
Where, ad. at which place, at what place, 

at the place in which. 
Where'about, ad. near what place. 
Whereas', ad. when on the contrary ; the 

thing being so that. 
Whereat', ad. at which. 
Whereby', ad. by which or by what. 
Where'fore, ad. for which or what reason. 
Wherein', ad. in which or what. 
Whereinto', ad. into which. 
W hereof, ad. of which, of what. 
Whereon', ad. on which, on what. 
Wheresoev'er, ad. in what place soever. 
Wherethrou'gh, ad. through which. 
Whereto', Whereunto', ad. to or unto which. 
Whereupon', ad. on or upon which. 
Wherev'er, ad. at whatever place. 
Wherewith', ad. with which, with what. 
Wherewithal', ad. with which, with what. 
Wher'ret, s. a box on the ear. 
Wher'ret, v. to hurry, to tease, &c. 
Wher'ry, s. a light river boat. 
Wher'ry, v. to convey over in a boat. 
Whet, v. to sharpen, to edge; to provoke. 
Whet, s. the act of sharpening; something 

to sharpen. 
Wheth'er, conj. expressing one part of a 

disjunctive question, followed by or. 
Wheth'er, pr. which of the two. 
Whef stone, s. a sharpening stone. 
Whet'tur, s. one that whets or sharpens. 
Whey, s. the serous or thin part of milk. 
Whey'ey, Whey'ish, a. like whey. 
Which, pr. the relative pronoun usually 

relating to things or irrational creatures. 
Which'ever, Whichsoever, pr. whether one 

or the other. 
Whiff, s. a puff, a blast, a breath. 
Whiff, v. to emit with whiffs. 
Whiffle, v. to disperse as by a puff; to 
move inconstantly, as if driven about by 
whiffs or puffs. 
Whiffle, s. formerly a fife or small lute. 
Whif fler, s. a fifer ; a shuffler ; a trifler. 
Whig, s. one who professes to advocate po- 
pular rights, opposed to Tory. 
Whig'gish, a. inclined to Whiggism. 
Whig'gism, s. the principles of the Whigs. 
While, j. time; a space of time. " To be 
worth while" means to be worth the time 
required. 
While, v. to get through or pass the time. 
While, Whilst, ad. during the time that, 

as long as. 
Whi'lere, ad. a little while ago. 
Whi'lom, ad. formerly, once, of old. 
Whim, s. a freak, an odd fancy. 
Whim'per, v. to cry with a low whining 

voice as a child. 
Whim'pering, s. a low whining cry. 
Whim'pled, a. distorted with crying. 
Whim'sical, a. full of whims, capricious. 
Whimsicality, s. state of being whimsical, 



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Whim'sically, ad. in a whimsical manner, 
so as to be oddly fanciful. 

Whim'sicalness, s. state, of being whimsical. 

Whim 'wham, s. an odd device ; a whim ; a 
freak, a gewgaw. 

Whin, s. furze, a prickly bush. 

Whine, v. to utter a plaintive drawling cry ; 
to lament effeminately or meanly. 

Whine, s. a mournful cry, a mean complaint. 

Whi'ner, s. one who whines. 

Whin'ny, v. to make a noise like a horse. 

Whin'ny, a. abounding with whins. 

Whin'stone, s. a name of basaltic rock. 

Whin'yard, tf. a large crooked sword. 

Whip, s. an instrument of correction : v. to 
strike with a whip, to lash ; to move 
nimbly ; to snatch or take nimbly. 

Whip'cord, 5. a cord for whip-lashes. 

Whip'hand, s. an advantage over another. 

Whip'lash, s. the small end of a whip. 

Whip'per, s. one who uses the whip. 

Whip'ping, s. correction with a whip or rod. 

Whip'ping-post, s. a pillar to which crim- 
inals are bound when they are lashed. 

Whip'-poor-Will, *. an American bird, so 
called from its note. 

Whip'saw, s. a large saw for two persons. 

Whip'ster, s. a nimble fellow, in contempt. 

Whir, v. to whirl round with noise. 

Whirl, v. to turn or run round rapidly. 

Whirl, s. a rapid turning or circumvolution. 

Whirl'bone, s. the cap of the knee, called 
also the patella. 

Whirl'igig, s. a whirling plaything. 

Whirlpool, s. an eddy of water, a vortex. 

Whirl'wind, s. a storm moving circularly. 

Whir'ring, s. a noise, as by a bird's wing. 

Whisk, j. a small besom or brush for sweep- 
ing ; a quick, sweeping motion : v. to 
brush with a whisk ; to move nimbly. 

Whisk'er, s. a tuft of hair on the cheek. 

Whis'kered, a. wearing whiskers. 

Whis'ky, s. a kind of one-horse chaise. 

Whis'ky, 5. a spirit distilled from grain. 

Whis'per, s. a low voice; a speaking softly. 

Whis'per, v. to speak with a low voice. 

Whis'perer, s. one who whispers. 

vVhis'pcring, s. speaking in a low voice. 

Whis'peringly, ad. in a low voice. 

Whist, s. a game at cards. 

Whist, v. to silence; to become silent. 

Whist ! int. bush ! be silent ! 

Whis'tle, s. a small wind instrument. 

Whis'tle, v. to form a kind of musical sound 
by the breath ; to blow a whistle. 

Whis'tler, s. one who whistles. 

Whit, s. a point, a jot, a tittle. 

White, a. having the color of snow, pale; 
pure : s. a white color: v. to whiten. 

Whi'te-bait, s. a very small delicate fish. 

Whi'te-ear, s. the fallow finch. 

White-lead, s. a carbonate of lead. 

Whi'te-limed, a. covered with white plaster. 

Whi'te-livered, a. cowardly; envious. 

Whi'te-meat, s. food made of milk. 

Whi'ten, v. to make or grow white. 

Whi'teness, s. the state of being white. 

Whi'te-pot, s. a kind of custard. 

Whi'te-swelling, s. a chronic enlargement 
of a joint. 

Whi'te-thorn, s. a species of thorn. 



Whitewash, v. to make white; to elear. 

Whitewash, s. a kind of liquid plaster t© 
whiten the walls of houses. 

Whi'tewasher, s. one who whitewashes. 

Whith'er, ad. to which or what place. 

Whithersoev'er, ad. to whatsoever place. 

Whi'ting, s. a small fish; a soft chalk. 

Whi'tish, a. somewhat or rather white. 

Whi'tishness, 5. a tendency to a white color. 

Whit'leather, ,?. a leather dressed with alum. 

Whit'low, s. a swelling on the finger. 

Whit'ster, s. one who whitens, a bleacher. 

Whit'sun, a. observed at Whitsuntide. 

Whit'suntide, s. the feast of Pentecost. 

Whit'tle, v. to cut. with a knife. 

Whi'ty-brown, a. between white and brown. 

Whiz, v. to make a loud humming or his- 
sing noise : s. a sound that whizzes. 

Who, a relative pronoun usually referring to 
persons. See Which. 

Whoev'er, pr. any person whatever. 

Whole, a. all, total ; complete ; unbroken ; 
sound : s. the total or entire of a thing. 

Wholesale, s. the sale of goods in the lump 
or in large quantities : a. pertaining to the 
trade by wholesale. 

Who'lesome, a. healthy, salutary, sound. 

Who'lesomely, ad. in a wholesome manner. 

Who'lesomeness, s. the quality of being 
wholesome ; salubrity. 

Who'lly, ad. completely, perfectly. 

Whom, the objective case of Who. 

Whomsoever, pr. any person whatever. 

Whoop, s. shout of pursuit ; a bird. 

Whoop, v. to shout with a particular noise. 

Whore, s. a harlot, a fornicatress. 

Whore, v. to practise lewdness. 

Who'redom, .$. playing the whore, adultery. 

Who'rem aster, s. one who keeps whores. 

Who'reson, s. a bastard: a. spurious. 

Who'rish, a. unchaste, incontinent. 

Who'rishneRS, s. the practice of lewdness. 

Whor'tlebcrry, s the bilberry or heath-berry. 

Whose, the possessive case of Who or Which. 

Whosoev'er, Who'so, pr. any person what- 
ever without exception. 

Why, ad. for what reason or cause. 

Wick, j. the cotton of a candle or lamp. 

Wick'ed, a. vicious, morally bad, sinful, 

Wick'edly, ad. viciously, sinfully. 

Wick'edness, s. guilt, moral ill, vice. 

Wick'er, a. made of twigs or osiers. 

Wick'et, s. a small door or gate. 

Wick'liffite, s. a follower of Wickliffe. 

Wide, a. broad; extended; remote. 

Wi'dely, ad. broadly, with great extent. 

Widen, v. to make or grow wide. 

WiMeness, s. breadth, wide extent. 

Wi'de-spreading, a. extending far. 

Wid'geon, 5. the name of a water-fowl. 

Wid'ow, s. a woman whose husband is dead. 

Wid'ow, v. to deprive of a husband. 

Wid'ow r er, 5. a man whose wife is dead. 

Wid'owhood, s the state of a widow. 

Wid'owhunter, s. one who courts widows for 
the sake of a jointure. 

Width, s. breadth or wideness. 

Wield, v. to handle with full command or 
power, as though not too heavy for the- 
ho'der ; to sway. 

Wield'less, a. that cannot be wielded. 



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Wield'y, a. capable of being -wielded. 

Wife, s. a woman that is married. 

Wi'fehood, 5. state of a wife. 

Wi'folcss, a. without a wife, unmarried. 

Wi'fely, a. becoming a wife. 

Wig, s. See Periwig. 

Wight, s. a being, a person. 

Wig'wam, s. an Indian cabin. 

Wild, a. not tame, not domesticated; not 
cultivated ; desert ; savage ; uncouth ; 
done without plan ; fanciful. 

Wild, s. a desert, an uninhabited country. 

Wil'der, v. to lose in a wilderness ; to be- 
wilder; to puzzle. 

Wil'derness, s. a wild uninhabited tract of 
land, a desert. 

Wi'ldfire, s. a small fire-work; a disease. 

Wi'ld-fowl, s. untamed fowls. 

Wi'ldgoose, s an aquatic fowl of passage. 

Wi'ldgoose-chase, s. a vain foolish pursuit. 

Wi'lding, s. the name of a wild sour apple. 

Wild'ly, ad. without cultivation. 

Wild'ness, s. state or quality of being wild. 

Wile, s. deceit, fraud, trick, shift. 

Wile, v. to deceive, to beguile. 

Wilful, a. headstrong; intentional. 

Wil'fully, ad. obstinately; on purpose. 

Wilfulness, s. obstinacy, perverseness. 

Wi'lily, ad. by stratagem, fraudulently. 

Wi'liness, s. guile, cunning. 

Wilk, s. a kind of periwinkle, a sea-snail. 

Will, *. the faculty of the mind by which 
we determine to do or not to do ; inclina- 
tion ; choice; determination; command; 
direction ; the legal instrument which dis- 
poses of a person's property after death 
according to his wishes. 

Will, v. to wish, to desire ; to determine ; 
to direct ; to dispose of effects by will. 

Willing, a. inclined to any thing; desirous. 

Wil'lingly, ad. with one's own consent, with 
free will, by choice 

Wil'lingness, s. consent, ready compliance. 

Will-o'-the-wisp. s. Jack-a- lantern, an ignis 
fatuns. 

Wil'low, s. a tree with pliant branches, a 
garland of which was said to be worn by 
forlorn lovers. 

Wil'lowed, a. abounding with willows. 

Wil'lowish, a. like the color of a willow. 

Wil'lowy, a. abounding with willows. 

Wi'ly, a. sly, cunning, full of stratagem. 

Wim'ble, s. an instrument for boring holes. 

Wim'ble, v. to bore. 

Wim'ple, 5. a hood, a veil. 

Wim'ple, v. to draw down, as a hood. 

Win, v. to gain by success in competition; 
to gain a victory ; to be successful at play. 

Wince, v. to twist or turn the body from the 
impatience of pain or other cause; to 
start back, to shrink. 

Win'cer, s. one that winces or shrinks. 

Winch, s. a handle to turn a wheel or screw. 

Wind, s. air in motion, a current of air; 
breath modulated by an instrument; fla- 
tulence : v. to blow ; to ventilate ; to sound 
by inflation, as, " to wind a horn." 

Wind, v. to turn round, to twist ; to en- 
wrap ; to encircle ; to bring up into a ball 
or small compass; to bring to a conclusion ; 
to put in tune. 



Wind'bound. a. detained by contrary winds. 
Wi'nder, s. he who or that which winds. 
Wind'fall, s. fruit blown down by the wind; 

an advantage coming unexpectedly. 
Wind'fallen a. blown down by the wind. 
Wind'flower. s. a nower, the anemone. 
Wind'-gage, s. an instrument for ascertain- 
ing the velocity or force of wind. 
Wind'-gall, s. a soft tumour on the fetlock 

joints of a horse. 
Wind -gun, ,v. a gun to discharge a bullet 

by letting loose the air pent up within. 
Wind'iness, 5. state of being windy. 
Wi'nding. a. bending, turning, twisting: J. 

a bending, a flexure. 
Wi'nding-sheet, s. a sheet in which the 

dead are enwrapped or shrouded. 
Wi'nding-tackle, 5. a tackle of one fixed 

triple block and a movable one. 
Wind'-instrument, s. an instrument of music 

played by wind or breath. 
Wind'lass, 5. a machine for raising weights. 
Win'dle, s. a spindle, a reel. 
Wind'mill, s. a mill turned by the wind. 
Win'dow, J. an opening in a house for light 

and air ; the glass it contains. 
Win'dow-blind, s. a blind to intercept the 

light of a window. 
Win'dow-sash, s. the light frame in which 

the panes are set. 
Wind'pipe, s. the passage for the breath. 
Wind'-pump, s. a pump worked by wind. 
Wind'tight, a. not admitting the wind. 
Wind'ward, a. lying towards the wind: s. 

the point from which the wind blows : ad. 

towards the wind. 
Wind'y, a. consisting of wind ; next to the 

wind; tempestuous; flatulent. 
Wine, s. the fermented juice of grapes, &c. 
Wi'ne-bibber, s. he who drinks much win?. 
Wi'ne-cask, s. a cask for holding wine. 
Wi'ne-glass, s. a small drinking glass. 
Wi'ne-measure, s. the measure by which 

wine and spirits are sold. 
Wi'ne-morchant, s. he who deals in wine 
Wi'ne-prcss, s. the press in which the juice 

of the grapes is extracted. 
Wing, s. the limb of a bird by which it flies; 

the side of an army ; any side-piece. 
Wing, v. to fly; to wound on the wing. 
Wing'ed, a. having wings; flying; rapid; 

wounded on the wing. 
Wing'footed, a. swift, nimble, fleet. 
Wing'less, a. not having wings. 
Wing'-shell, s. the shell-sheath that covers 

the wings of insects. 
Wing'y, a. having wings; like wings ; rapid. 
Wink, s. to shut the eyes; to shut the eyes 

and open them ; to give a hint by the mo- 
tion of the eyelids ; to seem not to see, to 

connive. 
Wink, v. the act of winking ; a motion of 

the eye ; a hint or intimation given by the 

motion of the eye. 
Wink'er. s. o7ie who winks. 
Wink'ingly, ad. with the eye almost closed. 
Win'ner, s. one who wins, one who gains. 
Win'ning, a. attractive, charming. 
Win'ning, 5. the sum won. 
Win'now, v. to separate grain from chaff by 

means of the wind; to fan. 

Q3 



WIN 



346 



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Win'some, a. pleasing, cheerful. 

Win'ter, s. the cold season of the year. 

Win'ter, v. to pass the winter; to feed or 
manage during the winter. 

Win'ter-beaten, a. narassed or impaired by 
wintry or severe wether. 

Win'terly, a. suitable to winter. 

Win'ter-quarters, s. a winter residence or 
station, particularly of an army. 

Win'try, a. like winter, cold, stormy. 

Wi'ny, a. like or having the taste of wine. 

Wipe, v. to cleanse by rubbing with some- 
thing soft ; to clear away ; to efface. 

Wipe, s. a rubbing or cleansing ; a b'ow ; 
a gibe or jeer. 

Wi'per, j. he or that which wipes. 

Wire, s. a metal drawn out into threads. 

Wire, v. to bind with wire. 

Wi'redraw, v. to draw into wire ; to spin out. 

Wi'redrawer, s. one who makes wire. 

Wi'redrawing, s. the art of drawing out 
metal into wire ; a spinning out. 

Wi'reworm, s. a mischievous worm in grain. 

Wi'ry, a. made of wire ; like wire. 

Wis, v. to think, to imagine ; to know. 

Wis'dom, s. the quality of being wise; 
knowledge practically and prudently ap- 
plied; prudence. 

Wise, a. knowing, judging aright, prudent. 

Wise, s. manner or way of being or acting. 

Wi'seacre, s. a fool, a simpleton. 

Wi'seling, s. one pretending to be wise. 

Wi'sely, ad. judiciously, prudently. 

Wish, s. a longing desire, a thing desired. 

Wish, v. to have a strong desire, to long for 

Wish'er, s. one who longs or wishes. 

Wish'ful, a. showing desire, longing. 

Wish'fully, ad. earnestly, with longing. 

Wisp, s. a small bundle of straw or hay. 

Wist, the past tense of Wis. 

Wist'ful, a. full of thought, attentive. 

Wist'fully, ad. thoughtfully, attentively. 

Wit, s. the intellect, the understanding, 
sense ; judgment ; quickness of fancy ; the 
power of exhibiting ludicrous points of 
analogy or resemblance between things in 
other respects completely dissimilar; hu- 
mour ; a man of wit, a man of genius. 

Wit, v. as in the phrase " To wit," which 
means to weet or to know ; also, namely. 

Witch, s. a woman who was supposed to 
have made a compact with evil spirits, and 
by their means to operate supernaturally, 
a sorceress : v. to bewitch, to enchant. 

Witch'craft, s. the practice of witches. 

Witch'-elm, s. a kind of elm. 

Witch'ery, s. enchantment, sorcery. 

Witch'-hazel, s. a species of elm. 

Wit'craft, s. invention, contrivance. 

With, prep, noting joining, connexion ; 
cause ; means ; by. 

With'al, ad. along with the rest ; besides. 

Withdraw', v. to draw back, retire, retreat. 

Withdrawing, s. the act of retiring. 

With'traVing-room, s. a room to retire to, 
usually called a drawing-room. 

Withe, s. a willow twig, a band of twigs. 

With'er, v. to fade; to dry up. 

Wth'eredness, s. the being withered. 

With'ers, s. the joint uniting the neck and 
shoulders of a horse. 



With'er-wrung, a. hurt in the withers. 

Withhold, v. to hold or keep back, to re- 
frain ; to refuse. 

Within', prep, in the inner part; not be- 
yond : ad. in the inner part, inwardly. 

Without', prep, on the outside, not within ; 
not with : in a s,tate of absence from : ad. 
externally; out of doors : conj. unless. 

Withstand', v. to oppose, to resist. 

Withstan'der, s. one who withstands. 

With'y, s. a willow, the shoot of a willow. 

With'y, a. made of withes ; like a withe. 

Wit'less, a. wanting understanding. 

Wit'lessly, ad. without judgment. 

Wit'ling, s. a petty pretender to wit. 

Witness, s. testimony ; one who gives testi- 
mony: v. to bear testimony, to attest. 

Wit'nesser, s. one who gives testimony. 

Wits, s. pi. senses, understanding. 

Wit'snapper, 5. one who affects repartee. 

Wit'ted, a. having wit; as, quick-witted. 

Wittenagem'ot, s. an assembly of wise men; 
the parliament of the Saxon's. 

Wit'ticism, s. an attempt at wit. 

Wit'tily, ad. in a witty manner. 

Wit'tiness, s. the quality of being witty 

Wit'tingly, ad. knowingly, by design. 

Wit'tol, s. one who knows his wife's faith- 
lessness and seems contented. 

Wit'tolly, ad. like a wittol, cuckoldly. 

Wit'-wall, s. the great spotted woodpecker. 

Wit'ty, a. having wit or humour. 

Wive, v. to marry, to take a wife. 

Wiz'ard, s. a conjuror, a cunning man: a. 
enchanting, haunted by wizards. 

Wiz'en, v. to wither; to shrivel 

Woad, j. a plant used in dyeing. 

Woe, s. grief, sorrow, misery; a curse. 

Woe'begone, a. distracted with woe. 

Wo'ful, a. sorrowful ; calamitous. 

Wo'fully, ad. sorrowfully; mournfully. 

Wo'fulness, s. misery ; calamity 

Wold, s. See Weald. 

Wolf, s. a fierce wild animal of the dog 
kind ; a corrosive ulcer. 

Wolfdog, s. a large dog to guard sheep. 

Wolf-fish, s. a fierce voracious fish. 

Wolfish, a. fierce like a wolf. 

Wolf'net, s. a kind of large fishing-net. 

Wolfs'bane, s. a poisonous plant. 

Wolf's-milk, s. the name of a herb. 

Wol'verin, Wol'verene, s. the glutton. 

Wom'an, s. the female of the human race. 

Wom'an-hater, s. one who hates women. 

Wom'anhood, s. the state of a woman. 

Wom'anish, a. suitable to a woman. 

Wom'anize, v. to effeminate, to soften. 

Wom'ankind, s. the female sex. 

Wom'anly, a. in the manner of a woman. 

Womb, s. the uterus or place of the fetus in 
the mother; the place where any thing is 
produced. 

Womb, v. to enclose ; to breed in secret 

Wnm'en, s. the plural of Woman. 

Won'der, s. the emotion excited by anything 
strange and inexplicable ; surprise ; admi- 
ration ; cause of wonder ; any thing strange 
and inexplicable. 

Won'der, v. to be struck or affected with 
wonder or surprise. 

Won'derer, s. one who wonders. 



WON 



347 



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Won'derful, a. admirable, strange. 
Won'derfully, ad. in a -wonderful manner. 
Won'derfulness, s. state or quality of being 

•wonderful or amazing. 
Won'derment, s. astonishment, amazement. 
Won'derstruck, a. amazed, astonished. 
Won'der-working, a. doing surprising things. 
Won'drous, a. admirable, marvellous ; in a 

wondrous manner. 
Won'drously, ad. in a -wondrous manner. 
Wont, s. custom ; habit: a. accustomed. 
Wont, v. to be accustomed or used to. 
Wo'nt, colloquially, for will not. 
Wont'ed, a. accustomed, usual. 
Wont'edness, s. state of being accustomed to. 
Woo, v. to court, to make love, to sue. 
Wood, s. a large and thick collection of 

growing trees, a forest; the substance of 

trees, timber. 
Wood'ashes, s. ashes of burnt wood. 
Wood'bine, s. the honeysuckle. 
Wood'-coal, 5. charcoal. 
Wood'cock, s. a migratory bird. 
Woodcul'ver, s. the woodpigeon. 
Wood'-drink, s. a decoction or infusion of 

medicinal wood. 
Wood'ed, a. supplied or tbick with wood. 
Wood'en, a. made of wood ; clumsy. 
Wood'-engraving, s. the ait of engraving on 

wood, xylography. 
Wood'fretter, s. an insect that eats wood. 
Wood'god, j. a fabled sylvan deity. 
Wood'hole, s. a place for storing wood. 
Wood'iness, s. the state of being woody. 
Wood'land, s. land covered with woods. 
Wood'land, a. covered with wood. 
Wood'lark, s. a melodious wild lark. 
Wood'louse, s. an insect found in old wood. 
Wood'man, s. one who cuts down timber; a 

sportsman, a hunter. 
Wood'-mite, s. a small insect in old wood. 
Wood'-note, s. a wild musical note. 
Wood'-nymph, s. a nymph of the woods. 
Wood'-offering, s. wood burnt on an altar. 
Wood'pecker, s. the name of a bird. 
Wood'pigeon, s. a wild pigeon. 
Wood'reevc, s. an officer formerly over the 

woods and forests. Compare Portreeve, &c. 
Wood'roof, s. the name of a plant. 
Wood'stone, s. a subspecies of hornstone. 
Wood'ward, s. a warden of the forests. 
Wood'worm, s. a worm bred in wood. 
VVood'y, a. abounding with wood; ligneous. 
Woo'er, s. one who courts, a lover of women. 
Woof, s. the threads that cross the warp. 
Woo'ingly, ad. so as to invite to stay 
Wool, s. the soft kind of hair which grows 

on sheep ; short thick hair. 
Wool'comber, s. one who dresses wool. 
Wool'fel, s. a skin with the wool on. 
Wool'lon, a. made or consisting of wool. 
Wool'len, s. cloth made of wool. 
Wool'lendraper, s. a dealer in woollen goods. 
Wool'liness, s. state of being woolly. 
Wool'ly, a. consisting of wool: like wool. 
Wool'pack, S. a bag or pack of wool. 
Woolsack, s. a bag of wool ; the seat of the 

Lord Chancellor in the House of Lords. 
Wool'stapler, s. one who deals in wool. 
Woots, s. a very hard kind of steel from 

the East Indies 



Word, s. an articulate sound representing 
an idea; a single part of speech ; a short 
conversation ; talk, discourse ; a verbal 
promise, parole ; a military sign or token ; 
a message or intelligence; the Scriptures 
or Word of God ; Christ. 

Word, v. to express in words ; to dispute. 

Word'-catcher, s. one who cavils at words. 

Word'er, s. one who uses many words. 

Word'iness, s. verbosity. 

Word'ing, s. the act or manner of expres- 
sing in words. 

Word'less, a. without words, silent. 

Word'y, a. full of words, verbose. 

Wore, the past tense of Wear. 

Work, s. labour, toil, employment, action, 
operation; any thing made; a literary 
composition. 

Work, v. to labour, to toil ; to act, to oper- 
ate ; to make or form by labour, to manu- 
facture ; to be agitated ; to ferment. 

Work'er, s. one that works. 

Work'fellow, 5. one engaged in the same 
work with another. 

Work'folk, s. persons employed in working. 

Work'house, s. a receptacle for parish poor. 

Work'ing, p. and a. operating; labouring. 

Work'ing, s. operation ; fermentation. 

Work'ing-day, s. a day for work. 

Work'man, s. an artificer, a labourer. 

Work'manlike, a. like a workman, skilful. 

Work'manly, a. workmanlike, skilful. 

Work'manship, s. manufacture, skill, art. 

Work'shop, s. a shop to work in. 

Workwoman, s. one skilled in needlework. 

World, s. the earth ; the present state of 
existence; mankind; society, public life ; 
course of life ; a great number or quantity, 
as, " a world of trouble." 

World'liness, s. quality of being worldly. 

World'ling, s. a worldly-minded person. 

World'ly, a. belonging or relating to this 
world or life, temporal; devoted to t^iis 
world ; covetous. 

Worldly-mind'ed, a. having the mind occu- 
pied with the affairs of the world ; selfish. 

Worldly-mind'cdness, s. the state of being 
worldly-minded. 

Worm, s. any small crawling thing without 
feet or with very short ones, an earth- 
worm, a grub; a reptile, a serpent; any 
spiral thing. 

Worm, v. to work slowly and secretly. 

Worm 'eaten, a. gnawed by worms ; old. 

Worm'hke, a. resembling a worm. 

Worm-povv'dcr, s. a powder for expelling 
worms from the stomach. 

Worm'wood, s. the name of a bitter herb. 

Worm'y, a. full of worms, having worms. 

Worn, the past participle of Wear. 

Wor'nil, s. a maggot found in cows' backs. 

Wor'rier. *. one who worries or torments. 

Wor'ry, s. to tear, to mangle ; to harass. 

Worse, a. the comparative degree of Bad. 

Worse, ad. in a worse manner. 

Wor'ship, s. dignity or worth of character; 
a title of honor, specially addressed to 
magistrates ; respect, reverence ; an act of 
religious reverence or adoration. 

Wor'ship, v. to perform acts of adoration; 
to venerate. 



WOE 



34S 



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Wor'shipful, a. deserving of respect or re- 
verence ; a title of honor. 
Wor'shipfully, ad. respectfully. 
Worshipper, s. one that worships. 
Worst, a. the superlative degree of Bad. 
Worst, s. the most evil state. 
Worst, v. to defeat, to overthrow. 
Worsted, s. woollen yarn, wool spun. 
Wors'ted, a. consisting of worsted. 
Wort, s. ale or heer not fermented. 
Wort. s. a herb; a plant of the cabbage kind. 
Worth, a. deserving of; equal in value to. 
Worth, s. price, value, desert; importance. 
Wor'thily, ad. suitably, justly, deservedly. 
Worthiness, .s. worth, desert, excellence. 
Worth/less, a. undeserving, unworthy. 
Worth'lessness, s. want of worth or value. 
Wor'thy, a. deserving, meritorious, estima- 
ble, valuable, suitable: s. a man of emi- 
nent worth. 
Wound, s. a hurt : v. to hurt by violence. 
Wound'er, s. one that wounds. 
Wound'less, a. exempt from wounds. 
Wound'wort, s. the name of an herb. 
Wo'ven, a. formed by weaving. 
Wrack. See Wreck. 

Wran"gle, v. to altercate, to dispute cap- 
tiously and noisily : s. an altercation, a 
noisy quarrel. 
Wran"gler, s. a quarrelsome person ; a title 
with the epithet senior, second, &c, given 
at Cambridge to the student who passes 
the best examination, the next best, &c. 
Wran'gling, s. the act of disputing noisily ; 

perverse and noisy disputation. 
Wrap, v. to roll or fold together, to involve, 

to comprise, to enclose. 
Wrap'per, s. one that wraps ; that in which 
any thing is wrapped or enclosed ; a cloth 
or paper cover. 
Wrap'ping, a. used for wrapping or cover- 
ing : s. that in which any thing is wrapped. 
Wrath, s. violence, vengeance. 
Wrath'ful, a. angry, raging, furious. 
Wrath'fully, ad. furiously, passionately. 
Wrath'less, a. free from anger. 
Wreak, v. to execute with a purpose of ven- 
geance, to inflict: s. revenge, vengeance. 
Wreak'ful, a. revengeful, angry. 
Wreak'lcss, a. unrevenging, impotent. 
Wreath, s. a garland ; any thing twisted. 
Wreath, v. to turn, to twist, to curl. 
Wreath'y, a. spiral, twisted, curling. 
Wreck, .y. a shipwreck ; destruction, ruin. 
Wreck, v. to suffer wreck ; to ruin. 
Wreck'ful, a. causing wreck 
Wren, s. the name of a very small bird. 
Wrench, v. to pull with a violent twist ; to 

strain: s. a violent twist ; a sprain. 
Wrest, v. to twist from by violence or force; 

to distort, to pervert : s. distortion. 
Wres'tle, v. to struggle for a fall. 
Wres'tler, s. one skilled in wrestling. 
Wrest'ling, s. an athletic exercise ; a strug- 
gling; strife. 
Wretch, 5. a miserable or worthless person. 
Wretch'ed, a. miserable; despicable. 
Wretcli'edly, ad. miserably ; despicably. 
Wretch 'edness, -y. misery, despicableness. 
Wrig'gle, v. to move to and fro with short 
twisting motions. 



Wright, s. a workman, an artificer. 
Wring, v. to twist ; to force from by twist- 
ing ; to extort; to squeeze, to press; to 
torture ; to writhe ; to pervert. 
Wring'ing, s. a squeezing out by contortion. 
Wrin"kle, s. a crease in cloth. &e. 
Wrin"kle, v. to cause creases or wrinkles. 
Wrist, s. the joint of the hand to the arm. 
Wrist'band, s. the band or fastening of the 

shirt at the wrist. 
Writ, j. that which is written ; Scripture; 

a legal process or instrument. 
Write, v. to express by means of letters. 
Wri'ter, s. an author; one who writes. 
Writhe, v. to twist, to distort, to be dis- 
torted with pain or agony. 
Writing, s. any thing written with pen and 

ink ; a composition ; a book. 
Wri'ting, a. used or intended for writing. 
Wri'ting-master. s. one who teaches to write. 
Wri'tings, s. pi. legal conveyances, &c. 
Wrong, a. not right; not just; unfit, un- 
suitable, erroneous: s. a violation of right, 
an injustice ; error: v. to injure; to do 
injustice to. 
W rongdo'er, s. he that does wrong. 
Wrong'er, s. one that injures. 
Wrong'ful, a. unjust, injurious. 
Wrong'fully, ad. unjustly, injuriously. 
Wronghead'ed, a. having a perverse under- 
standing; foolishly obstinate. 
Wronghead'edness, s. perverseness; obsti- 
nacy in what is wrong. 
Wrong'less, a. void of wrong. 
Wrong'ly, ad. unjustly; amiss. 
Wrong'ness, s. wrong disposition. 
Wroth, a. angry, enraged, provoked. 
Wrought, p. and a. performed; formed by 

work or labour, manufactured. 
Wry, a. crooked, distorted, wrested. 
Wry, v. to be distorted; to distort. 
Wry'neck, s. a distorted neck , a disease in 

sheep : a. having a distorted neck. 
Wry'ness, s. state of being wry. 



Xe'beck, s. a small three-masted vessel na 

vigated in the Mediterranean. 
Xenod'ochy, s. hospitality to strangers. 
Xiph'ias, s. the sword-fish ; a comet in figure 

resembling a sword. 
Xiphoid, a. the sword-formed cartilage or 

gristle at the bottom of the breast bone. 
Xylog'raphy, s. the art of engraving on wood. 



Y. 

Yacht, 5. a small ship with one deck, con- 
trived for swiftness and pleasure. 

Ya'ger, s. a light-armed horseman. 

Yahoo', s. (a word coined by Swift) a savage. 

Yam, J. an esculent root of tropical climates. 

Yan'kee, s. originally the North American 
Indian pronunciation of the word English, 
but subsequently applied to the citizens 
of the United States generally. 

Yard, s. a measure of three feet, a pole for 
measuring a yard ; a long slender piece of 
timber attached to the masts of ships for 
the supports of sails. 



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349 



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Yard, s. ground enclosed adjoining a house; 

a court, an area. 
Yard'arm, s. half of the yard on either side 

of the mast. 
Yard'stick,Yard'wand,.j. a measure of a yard. 
Yare, a. ready, dexterous, eager. 
Yare'ly, ad. dexterously, skilfully. 
Yarn, s. spun wool ; woollen thread. 
Yarr, v. to growl or snarl like a dog. 
Yar'row, *. a plant, milfoil. 
Yaw, s. the unsteady indirect motion which 

a ship makes in a great swell. 
Yawl, s. a small ship-boat. 
Yawn, v. to gape; to open wide : s. a gaping, 

an oscitation, a hiatus. 
Yawn'ing, s. the act of gaping: a. gaping. 
Yclad', p. and a. clad, clothed. 
Yclep'ed, p. and a. called, named. 
Ye, pr. two or more persons addressed. 
Yea, ad. yes, correlative to nay. 
Yean, v. to bring forth young as sheep. 
Yean'ling, s. the young of sheep. 
Year, j. the term of twelve calendar months. 
i"ear-book, s. a book containing annual re- 
ports of cases adjudged in the courts of 
England from Edward II. to Henry VII. 
Yearling, s. an animal one year old. 
Year'ling, a. being a year old. 
Year'ly, a. happening every year; lasting a 

year: ad. once a year, annually 
Yearn, v. to feel an emotion of tenderness; 

to long for ; to grieve, to vex. 
Yearn'ing, s. an emotion of tenderness. 
Years, s.'pl. old age, as " in years.'" 
Yeast. See Yest. 
Yell, v. to make a howling noise. 
Yell, s. a howl, a cry of distress. 
Yel'low, a. a color resembliug gold : s. yel- 
low color: v. to make yellow. 
Yel'low-fever, J. a disease of warm climates. 
Yel'low-hammer, s. a small bird. 
Yel'lowish, a. approaching to yellow. 
Yel'lowishness, s. quality of being yellowish. 
Yel'lowness, s. the quality of being yellow. 
Yel'lows, s. a disease in horses, cattle, and 
sheep, in which the eyes are tinged with 
a yellow color. 
Yelp, v. to bark as a hound. 
Yelp'ing, s. the act of barking as a dog. 
Yeo'man, s. a man of small estate in land, 
a freeholder, a farmer; an officer or guard 
in the king's household. 
Yeo'manlike, a. like a yeoman. 
Yeo'manly, a. of or belonging to a yeoman. 
Yeo'manry, s. a collective body of yeomen. 
Yerk, v. to jerk, to move as with a sudden 

spring: s. a jerk, a quick motion. 
Yern, v. See Yearn. 
Yes, ad. a term of affirmation, yea, truly. 
Yest, Yeast, s. the froth or spume in the 

working of new ale or beer ; barm. 
Yes'ter, a. last, last past ; next before the 
present, as, " yester sun," but seldom used 
except in the compounds which follow. 
Yes'terday, s. the day last past. 
Yes'ternight, s. the night last past. 
Yest'y, a. frothy, spumy, foamy. 
Yet, conj. nevertheless, notwithstanding: 
ad. besides, still, at least; even, hitherto. 
Yew, s. a tree of tough wood. 
Yow'en, a. made of or resembling yew. 



Yield, v. to produce, to afford : to give up, 
Yield'ance, s. the act of complying with. 
Yield'er, s. one who yields. 
Yield'ing, s. the act of giving up or surren- 
dering ; submission. 
Yield'ingly, ad. with compliance. 
Yield'ingncss, s. disposition to yield. 
Yoke, s. a bandage for the neck ; a mark of 
servitude; a chain; a bond; a couple ; a 
pair of draught oxen. 
Yoke, v. to put a yoke on ; to join in a 
yoke, as a pair of oxen ; to couple or join 
with another; to bring into bondage. 
Yo'keftllow, s. a companion in labour. 
Yolk, s. the yellow part of an egg. 
Yon, Yond, Yon'der, a. being within view. 
Yore, ad. of long time past, of old time. 
You, pr. the persons spoken to in the no^- 

minative or objective case. 
Young, a. youthful, not old ; tender. 
Young, s. the offspring of any animal. 
Young'er, a. more young, not so old. 
Young'est, a. the most young of all. 
Young'ish, a. somewhat young. 
Young'ling, s. a young animal. 
Young'ly, a. youthful: ad. early in life. 
Young'ster, Younk'er, 5. a young person. 
Your, pr. belonging to you. 
Yourself, pr. the reciprocal and emphatic 

form of You. 
Youth, s. one past childhood ; tender age ; 

young men collectively. 
Youth'ful, a. young, fresh, vigorous. 
Youth'fully, ad. in a youthful manner. 
Yt'tria, s. one of the earths, (named from 

Ytterby. a quarry in Sweden.) 
Yt'trious, a. pertaining to yttria; containing 

yttria. 
Yt't.rium, s. the metallic base of yttria. 
Yule, s. the name anciently given to Christ- 
mas, or the feast of the nativity of our 
Saviour. 
Yu'leblock, s. a large log of wood put be- 
hind the fire at Christmas time. 



Za'ny, s. a buffoon, a merry-andrew. 

Zea, s. the generic name of maize. 

Zeal, s. ardour in some pursuit or in support 
of some cause ; warmth ; earnestness. 

Zeal'ot, *. a person full of zeal ; a fanatic. 

Zeal'otry, s. behaviour of a zealot. 

Zeal'ous, a. having zeal, ardent. 

Zeal'ously, ad. in a zealous manner. 

Zeal'ousness, s. quality of being zealous. 

Ze'bra, s. an animal like an ass, but beau- 
tifully striped. 

Ze'chin, Se'quin, s. a Venetian gold coin, 
value about nine shillings. 

Zend, s. the language of the Magi and an- 
cient fire-worshippers of Persia,. 

Zen'davesta, s. the sacred book of the mo- 
dern fire-worshippers, ascribed to Zoro- 
aster, and regarded as the sole rule of faith 
and practice. It is often called Zend by 
contraction. 

Zen'ith, s. that point in the heavens directly 
over our heads, opposite the Nadir. 

Zeph'yr, Zeph'yrus, j. the west wind; poet- 
ically, any calm soft wind. 



ZEE 



350 



ZOO 



Ze'ro, s. the cipher ; the point from which 
a thermometer is graduated. (The zero 
of Fahrenheit is fixed at the point at 
which mercury stands when immersed in 
a mixture of snow and common salt ; that 
of Reaumur is fixed at the freezing-point, 
or thirty-two degrees of Fahrenheit.) 

Zeug'ma, s. a figure in rhetoric. 

Zest, s. a piece of orange or lemon peel, 
used to give flavour to liquor ; a relish ; a 
taste added : v. to give a relish to. 

Zig'zag, s. a turning short ; a sudden wind- 
ing : a. having sharp and quick turns : v . 
to form with short and quick turns. 

Zinc, s. a metal or semi-metal of a brilliant 
white color, with a shade of blue. 

Zo'diac, s. a great circle, or rather a broad 
belt of the sphere, containing the twelve 
signs through which the sun passes in its [ 
annual course. The centre of this belt is 
the ecliptic. 



Zodi'acal, a. relating to the zodiac. 

Zone, s. a girdle ; a division of the earth, as 

the torrid zone, &c. 
Zo'ned, a. wearing a zone. 
Zoog'rapher, s. one versed in zoography. 
Zoograph'ieal, a. pertaining to zoography 
Zoog'raphy, s. a description of the forms, 

natures, and properties of animals. 
Zo'olite, s. an animal substance in a petri- 
fied or fossil state. 
Zoolo"gical, a. pertaining to zoology. 
Zoolo"gically, ad. according to zoology. 
Zool'ogist, s. one versed in zoology. 
Zool'ogy, s. that part of natural history 

which treats of animals. 
Zoophit'ic, a. of the nature of a zoophyte. 
Zo'ophyte, s. a body which partakes both of 

vegetable and animal nature. 
Zoot'omist, s. one skilled in zootomy. 
Zoot'omy, s. a dissection of the bodies of 
brutes ; the anatomy of beasts. 



C 351 ] 

A VOCABULARY OF SCEIPTUBE PEOPEE NAMES, 

ACCENTED AND DIVIDED FOR PRONUNCIATION. 



PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS. 

In Scripture proper names, the letters have their usual English sounds, except in the fol* 
lowing cases: — 

1 . The combination ch is always pronounced hard, that is, lite k, except in the worda 
Cherub, (an angel,*) Cherubim, and Rachel. 

2. In Scripture names, the letter g is always hard before e or i, as in Gerazim and 
Gideon ; except in a few words, in which it has been softened in its passage through the 
Greek, as in Genezareth and Bethphage. 

3. In Scripture names of two syllables the accent is always on the first syllable. This 
rule Tenders it unnecessary to include in this List Scripture names of two syllables, except 
when some difficulty or peculiarity requires it. 

4. As in English words, c, s, or t, following an accented syllable, takes the sound of sh 
before such combinations as ia, ee, eo, &c. 

* But in Cherub, a city of Chaldea, the ch has its usual hard pronunciation (Kerub.) 



A'a-lar. 

A'a-ron. 

Ab'a-cue. 

Ab'a-dah. 

A-bad'don. 

Ab-a-di'as. 

A-bag'tha. 

Ab'a-na. 

Ab'a-rim. 

Ab'a-ron. 

Ab-di'as. 

Ab'di-el. 

A-bed'ne-go. 

A'bel Beth-ma'a- 

cah. 
A'bel Ma'im. 
A'bel Me-ho'lath 
A'bel Mis'ra-im. 
Ab'e-san. 
Ab'e-sar. 
Ab'ga-rus. 
A-bi'aorA-bi'ah. 
A-bi-al'bon. 
A-bi'a-saph. 
A-bi'a-thar. 
A-bi'dah. 
Ab'i-dan. 
A'bi-el. 
A-bi-e'zer. 
A-bi-ez'rite. 
Ab'i-gail. 
Ab-i-ha'il. 
A-bi'hu. 
A-bi'hud. 
A-bi'jah. 
A-bi'jam. 
Ab-i-le'ne. 



A-bim'a-el. 

A-bim'e-lech. 

A-bin'a-dab. 

A-bin'o-am. 

A-bi'ram. 

A-bi'rom. 

A-bis'a-i. 

Ab-i-se'i. 

Ab'i-shag. 

A-bish'a-i. 

A-bish'a-har. 

A-bish'a-lom. 

A-bish'u-a. 

Ab'i-shur. 

Ab'i-sura. 

Ab'i-tal. 

Ab'i-tub. 

A-bi'ud. 

A'bram, or 

A'bra-ham. 
Ab'sa-lom. 
A-bu'bus. 
Ac'a-ron. 
A c'a-tan. 
Ac'ca-ron. 
A-cel'da-ma. 
A-cha'i-a. 
A-cha'i-cus. 
A-chi-ach'a-rus. 
A-chim'e-lech. 
A'chi-or. 
A-chi'ram. 
Ach'i-tob. 
A-chit'o-phel. 
Ach'me-tha. 
Ac'i-pha. 
Ac'i-tho. 



A-cu'a. 
Ad'a-da, or 

Ad'a-dah. 
Ad-ad-e'zer. 
Ad-ad-rim'mon. 
Ad-a-i'ah. 
Ad-a-li'a. 
Ad'a-ma, or 

Ad'a-mah. 
Ad'a-mi. 
Ad'a-miNe'keb. 
Ad'a-sa. 
Ad'a-tha. 
Ad'be-el. 
Ad'i-da. 
A'di-el. 
Ad'i-na. 
Ad'i-no. 
Ad'i-nus. 
Ad'i-tha. 
A d-i-tha'im. 
A i'la-i. 
Ad'ma-tha. 
Ad'o-nai. 
Ad-o-ni'as. 
A-do-ni-be'zek. 
Ad-o-ni'jah. 
A-don'i-kam. 
A-don-i'ram. 
A-don'i-ze"dek. 
A-do'ra. 
Ad-o-ra"im. 
A-do'-ram. 
A-dram'e-lech. 
A'dri-a. 
A'dri-el. 
A-du'el. 



A-dul'lam. 

A-dum'mim. 

A-e-di'as. 

Ag'a-ba. 

Ag'a-bus 

A'gag-ite. 

Ag'a-renea". 

Ag'e-e. 

Ag-ge'us. 

Ag-noth-ta'bor. 

A-har'ah. 

A-har'al. 

A-has'a-i. 

A-has-u-e'rus. 

A-ha'va. 

A-baz'a-i. 

A-ha-zi'ah. 

A-hi'ah. 

A-hi'am. 

A-hi-e'zer. 

A-hi'hud. 

A-hi'jah. 

A-hi'kam. 

A-hi'lud. 

A-him'a-az. 

A-hi'man. 

A-him'e-lech. 

A-hi'moth. 

A-hin'a-dab. 

A-hin'o-am. 

A-hi'o. 

A-hi'ra. 

A-hi'ram. 

A-hi'ram-itea. 

A-his'a-mach. 

A-hish'a-hur. 

A-hi'sham. 



A-hi'shar. 
A-hi'tob. ; 
A-hit'o-phel. 
A-hi'tub. 
A-hi'ud. 
A-ho'e. 
A-ho'ah. 
A-ho'ite. 
A-ho'lah. 
A-hol'ba. 
A-hol'bah. 
A-ho'li-ab. 
A-hol'i-bah. 
A-ho-lib'a-mah. 
A-hu'ma-i. 
A-hu'zam. 
A-huz'zah. 
A'i. 
A-i'ah. 
A'i-ath. 
A-i'ja. 
A-i'jah. 
Ai'ja-lon. 
Aij'e-leth 
Sha'har. 
A'in. 
A-i'oth. 
A-i'rus. 
Ak-rab'bim. 
A-lam'e-lech. 
Al'a-meth. 
Al'a-moth. 
Al'ci-mus. 
Al'e-ma. 
A-le'meth. 
Al-ex-an'dri-a. 
Al-ex-an'dri-on. 





ALl^ 


352 


BET 




Al-le-lu'jah. 


A-pher'e-ma. 


Ash'be-a. 


A-zo'tus. 


Be-a-li'ah. 


A-li'ah. 


A-pher'ra. 


Ash'bel-ites. 


Az'ri-el. 


Be'a-loth. 


A-li'an. 


A-phi'ah. 


Ash'doth-ites. 


Az'ri-kam. 


Beb'a-i. 


Al'lom. 


A-poc'a-lypse. 


A'she-an. 


A-zu'bab. 


Boch-o'rath. 


Al'Jon BacTrath. 


A-poc'ry-pba. 


Ash'i-math. 


Az'u-ran. 


Bech'ti-leth 


Al-mo'dad. 


A-pol'los. 


Ash'ke-naz. 


Az'y-mites. 


Bed-a-i'ab. 


Al'ruon, Dib-la- 


A-pol'ly-on. 


Ash'pe-naz. 




Be-el-i'a-da. 


tha'im. 


Ap'pa-iin. 


Ash'ri-cl. 




Be-el'sa-rus. 


Al'na-than. 


Ap'phi-a. 


Ash'ta-roth. 


Ba'al. 


Be-el-teth'mug. 


Al-phe'us. 


Aq'ui-la. 


Ash'te-moth. 


Ba'al-ah. 


Be-el'ze-bub. 


Al-ta-ne'us. 


A'ra. 


Ash'ta-roth-ites. 


Ba'al-ath. 


Be-e'ra. 


Al-tas'chith. (1) 


Ar'a-bab. 


A-shu'ath. 


Ba'al -ath Be'er. 


Bc-e'rah, or 


Al'te-kon. 


Ar-a-bat'ti-ne. 


A-sba'rim. 


Ba'al Be'rith. 


Be'rah. 


A-mad'a-tha. 


A-ra'bi-a. 


Ash'ur-ites 


Ba'al-i. 


Be-er-e'lim. 


A-mad'a-thus. 


A'rad-ite. 


As-i-bi'as. 


Ba'al-im. 


Be-e'ri. 


A-mal'da. 


Ar'a-dus. 


A'si-el. 


Ba'al -is. 


Be-er-la-ha'i-roi. 


Am'a-lek. . 


Ar'a-rat. 


As'i-pha. 


Ba'al Per'a-zim. 


Be-e'roth. 


A-noai'e-kitcs. 


A-rau'nah. 


As'ke-lon. 


Ba'al Shal'i-sha. 


Be-e'roth-ites. 


Am'a-na. 


Ar-bat'tis. 


As'ma-dai. 


Ba'a-na. 


Be-er'she-ba. 


Ani-a-ri'ali. 


Ar-be'la. 


As'ma-veth. 


Ba'a-nab. 


Be-esh'te-rah. 


A-ma'sa. 


Ar-bel'la. 


As-mo-de'us. 


Ba'a-nan. 


Be'he-moth. 


A-mas'a-i. 


Ar-bo'nai. 


As-mo-ne'ans. 


Ba'a-nath. 


Bo'la-ites. 


Am-a-shi'ah. 


Ar-che-la'us 


As-nap'per. 


Ba-a-ni'as. 


Bel'c-mus. 


Am-a-the'is. 


Ar-ches'tra-tus. 


A-so'chis. 


Ba'a-ra. 


Bel'ga-i. 


Arn'a-this. 


Ar'che-Yitcs. 


As'pa-tha. 


Ba'a-sha. 


Be'li-al. 


Am-a-zi'ah. 


Ar-chi-at'a-roth. 


As-phar'a-sus. 


Ba'a-shah. 


Bel'ma-im. 


A'mir.'a-dab. 


Ar-chip'pus. 


As'ri-el. 


Ba-a-si'ah. 


Bel-shaz'zer. 


A-mit'tai. 


Areh'ites. 


As-sa-bi'as. 


Bab'y-lon. 


Bel-te-sbaz'zar. 


A-miz'a-bad. 


Ard'ites. 


As-sal'i-motb. 


Bac-chu'rus. 


Ben-ai'ah. 


Am-mad'a-tha. 


A-re'H. 


As-sa-ni'as. 


Bach'uthAl'lon. 


Ben-am'rni. 


Arn-mid'i-oi. 


A-re'lites. 


As-si-de'ans. 


Ba-go'as. 


Ben-ebV-rak. 


Am'mi-el. 


A-re-op'a-gite. 


Ash'ta-rotli. 


Bag'o-i. 


Ben-e-ja'a-kam. 


Am-rni'hud. 


A-re-op'a-gus. 


As'ta-roth. 


Ba-ha'rum-ite. 


Ben'ha-dad. 


Am-i-shad'da-i. 


Ar-e'tas. 


As-tar'te. 


Ba-hu'rim. 


Ben-ha'il. 


Am'mon-ites. 


A-vp'us. 


A-sup'pira. 


Bak-bak'er. 


Beii-ha'nan. 


Am'o-rites. 


A-vid'a-i. 


A-syn'cri-tus. 


Bak-buk-i'ah. 


Ben'ja-min. 


Am'pli-as. 


A-rid'a-tha. 


At'a-rah. 


Ba'la-am. 


Beii'ja-mite. 


Am'rani-ites. 


A-ri'eh. 


A-tar'ga-tis. 


Bal'a-dan. 


Ben'ja-mites. 


Am'ra-phel. 


A'ri-el. 


At'a-roth. 


Bal'a-mo. 


Ben'i-nu. 


An'a-el. 


Ar-i-ma-the'a. 


At-e-re-zi'as. 


Bal'a-nus. 


Ben-u'i. 


An-a-ha'rath. 


A'ri-och. 


Ath-a-i'ah. 


Bal-tha'sar. 


Be-no'ni. 


An-a-i'ah. 


A-ris'a-i. 


Ath-a-li'ah. 


Ba'moth Ba'al. 


Ben-zo'heth. 


An'a-kims. 


Ar-is-to-bu']us. 


Ath-a-ri'as. 


Ban-a-i'as. 


Ber'a-chah. 


An'a-mim. 


Ar-ma-ged'don. 


Ath-p-no'bi-us. 


Ban'u-as. 


Ber-a-cbiah. 


A-nam'e-lech. 


Ar-mi-shad'a-i. 


At-ta-li'a. 


Ba-rab'bas. 


Ber-a-i'ah. 


An-a'ni. 


Ar'ne-pher. 


At'ta-lus. 


Bar'a-cbel. 


Be-re'a. 


An-a-ni'ah. 


Ar'o-di. 


At-thar'a-tes. 


Bar-a-chi'ah. 


Be-ri'ah. 


Avi-a-ni'as. 


Ar'o-er. 


Av'a-ran. 


Bar-a-chi'as. 


Bcr-ni'ce. 


A-nan'i-el. 


Ar'sa-ces. 


Au'gi-a. 


Bar-ce'nor. 


Be-ro'dachBal'a- 


A-riath'e-ma. 


Ar-phax'ad. 


Au-ra-ni'tis. 


Bar-hu'mites. 


dan. 


An'a-thoth. 


Ar'te-mas. 


Au-ra'nus. 


Ba-ri'ah. 


Ber'o-thai. 


An"a-thoth'ite. 


Ar'vad-ites. 


Au-te'us. 


Bar-je'sus. 


Be-ro thath. 


A'ni-am. 


Ar'u-both. 


Az-a-e'Ius. 


Bar-jo'na. 


Ber-ze'lus. 


An'na-as. 


A-ru'mah. 


Az-a-li'ah. 


Bar'na-bas. 


Bez-o-dei'ah. 


An-nu'us. 


As-a-di'as. 


Az-a-ni'ah. 


Ba-ro'dis. 


Beth-ab'a-ra. 


An-ti-lib'a-nus. 


As'a-cl. 


A-za'pbi-on. 


Bar'sa-bas. 


Betb-ab'a-rah. 


An'ti-och. 


As'a-hel. 


Az'a-ra. 


Bar'ta-cus. 


Beth'a-nath. 


An-ti'o-chis. 


As-a-i'ab. 


A-za're-el. 


Bar-thol'o-mew. 


Beth'a-noth. 


An-ti'o-clms. 


As'a-na. 


A z-a-vi'ah . 


Bar-ti-me'us. 


Beth'a-ny. 


An'ti-pas. 


As'a-phar. 


Az-a-ri'as. 


Bar-zil'la-i. 


Betb-ar'a-bah. 


An-tip'a-tris. 


As'a-ra. 


A-za'zel. 


Bas'ca-ma. 


Betb'a-ram. 


An'ti-pba. 


A-sar'e-el. 


Az-a-zi'ah. 


Ba'shan Ha'voth 


Beth-ar'bel. 


An-to'iii-a. 


As-a-re'lah. 


Az-baz'a-reth. 


Ta'ir. 


Beth-a'ven. 


An-to-thi'jah. 


As-baz'atretb. 


A-ze'kah. 


Bash'e-math. 


Beth-az'raa-veth. 


An'toth-ite. 


As'ca-lou. 


Az-e-phu'rith. 


Bas'ta-i. 


Beth-ba-al- 


Ap-a-me'a. 


A-sc'as. 


A-zc'tas. 


Bat'a-ne. 


me'on. 


Aph-a-ra'ira. 


As-e-bi'a. 


A-zi'a. 


Bath'a-loth. 


Beth-ba'ra. 


A-phar'sath- 


A-seb-e-bi'a. 


A-zi'e-i. 


Bath-rab'bim. 


Beth-ba'rah. 


chites. (1) 


As'e-nath. 


A'zi-eJ. 


Bath'she-ba. 


Beth'ba-si. 


A-phar'siteg. 


A-se'rar. 


A-zi'za. 


Bath'shu-a. 


Beth-bir'e-i. 


A phe'kah, 


Asb-a-bi'ah. 


Az'ma-veth. • 


Bav'a-i. 


Beth-da'gon. 



Beth-dib-ia- 

tha'im. 
Betb'el-ite. 
Beth-e'mek. 
Beth-es'da. 
Beth-e'zel. 
Beth-ga'der. 
Beth-ga'mul. 
Beth-hac'ce-rim. 
Beth-haran. 
Beth-hog'lah 
Betb-bo'ron. 
Betb-jes'i-inoth. 
Beth-leb'a-oth. 
Beth'le-hem. 
Beth'le-hem-ite. 
Beth-lo'mon. 
Beth-ma'a-cah. 
Beth-mar'ca- 

both. 
Beth-me'on. 
Beth-nim'rah. 
Beth-o'ron. 
Betb-pa'let. 
Betb-paz'zer. 
Beth-pe'or. 
Beth'pha-ge. (2) 
Betb'phe-let. 
Beth'ra-bah. 
Beth'ra-pha. 
Beth're-bob. 
Beth-sa'i-da. 
Beth'sa-mos. 
Beth-she'an. 
Beth'she-mesh. 
Beth-sbit'tah. 
Beth'si-mos. 
Beth-tap'pu-a. 
Beth-su'ra. 
Be-thu'el. 
Betb-u-lL'a. 
Be-to'li-us. 
Bet-o-mes'tham. 
Bet'o-mm. 
Be-u'lah. 
Be-zal'e-el. 
Bi'a-tas. 
Big'tha-na. 
Big'va-i. 
Bil'e-am. 
Bil'ga-i. 
Bin'e-a. 
Bin'nu-i. 
Bir'za-vith. 
Bi-tlii'ah. 
Biz-i-jo-tbi'ah. 
Biz-i-jo-tbL'jah. 
Bo-a-ner'ges. 
Boch'e-ru. 
Bos'o-ra. 
Brig'an-dinc. 
Buk-ki'ah. 

Cai'a-fhas 

Ca-i'nan. 

Cal'a-mus. 

Cal'i-tas. 

Cal-a-niora-lu8. 

Cal'va-ry. 

Ca'na-an. 

Ca'na-an-itos. 



BET 

Ca-per'na-um. 
Capb-ar-sal'a- 

mah. 
Ca-phen'a-tha. 
Ca-phi'ra. 
Caph'to-rim. 
Caph'to-rims. 
Cap-pa-do'ci-a. 
Car-a-ba'si-on. 
Car'cha-mis. 
Car'che-mish. 
Ca-re'ah. 
Ca'ri-a. 

Car-ma'ni-ans. 
Car'me. 
Car'niel-ite. 
Car'mel-i-tess. 
Car'na-im. 
Car'ni-on. 
Car-she'na. 
Ca-siph'i-a. 
Cas'lu-bim. 
Ca-thu'ath. 
Ce-le-mi'a. 
Cen'cre-a. 
Cen-de-be'us. 
Cen-tu'ri-on. 
Clia'di-as. 
Cliae'ie-as. 
Chal'ce-do-ny. 
Chal-de'a. 
Chan-nu-ne'us. 
Char-a-ath'a-lar 
Char'a-ca. 
Cbar'a-sim. 
Cha're-a. 
Cha9'e-ba. 
Ched-er-la'o-mer 
Chel'ei-as. 
Chel'li-ans. 
Che-lu'bai. 
Che-lu'bar. 
Chem'a-vims. 
Che-na'a-nab. 
Chen'a-ni. 
Cben-a-ni'ah. 
Che'phar Ha- 

am'-mo-nai 
Cheph-i'rah. 
Che're-as. 
Cher'utb-ims. 
Cher'etb-ites. 
Cher'u-btm. (1) 
Ches'a-lon. 
Che-sul'loth. 
Chil'le-ab. 
Chi-li'on. 
Chlo'e. 
Cho-ra'sin, or 

Cho-ra'slian, 

or Cho-ra'zin. 
Chos-a-me'u3. 
Cho-ze'ba. 
Chush'an Rislv 

a-tha'im. 
Cin'ner-eth, or 

Cin'ner-oth. 
Cir'a-ma. 
Citb'e-rus. 
Cle-a'sa. 
Clc'o-phas. , 



353 

Clo'e. 

Col-ho'zeh. 

Col-li'us. 

Co-los'se. 

Colos'si-ans. 

Co-ni'ah. 

Con-o-iu'ab. 

Co're. 

Co-rin'tbi-ana. 

Cre'ti-ans. 

Cu'shan Rish- 

tha'im. 
Cu'tbe-ans. 
Cy'a-mon. 
Cy-re'ne. 
Cy-re'ni-us. 

Dab'a-reh. 
Dab'ba-sheth. 

Dab'e-rath. 

Da'bri-a. 

Da-co'bi. 

Dad'de-us. 

Dal-a-i'ab. 

Dal'i-lah. 

Dal-ma-nu'tba 

Dam'a-ris. 

Dam-a-scenes'. 

Dan-ja'an. 

Dan'i-el. 

Dan'o-brath. 

Da'ri-an. 

Datb'e-mah. 

Deb'o-rah. 

De-cap'o-lis. 

Ded'a-nim. 

Ded'a-nims. 

De-ha'vites. 

Del-a-i'ah. 

Del'i-lah. 

Der'be. 

De-u'el. 

Deu-ter-on'o-my 

Dib'la-im. 

Dib'za-bab. 

Di'drachm. 

Did'y-mus. 

Dil'e-an. 

Di-mo'nah. 

Di'na-ites. 

Din'ha-bab. 

Di-ot'ie-phes. 

Diz'a-hab. 

Dod'a-i. 

Dod'a-nim. 

Dod'a-vah. 

Do-rym'e-nes. 

Do-sith'c-us. 

Do'tba-im. 

E'a-nas. 

E-bod'me-lech. 

Eb en-e'zer. 

E bi'a-saph. 

E-bro'nah. 

E-ca'nus. 

Eo-bat'a-na. 

Ec-cle-si-as'tes. 

Ec-cle-si-as'ti- 

cus. 
E'di-as. 



EUN 

E'dom-ites. 

Ed're-i. 

Eg'la-im. 

Ek're-bel. 

Ek'ron-ites. 

El'a-dah. 

E'lam-ites. 

El'a-sah. 

El-beth'el. 

El'ci-a. 

El'da-ah. 

E'le-ad. 

E-le-a'ieb. 

E-le'a-sah. 

E-le-a'zer. 

E-le-a-zu'rus. 

El-el-o'he Ls'- 

ra-el. 
E-leu'the-rus. 
El-eu-za'i. 
El-ha'nan. 
E-li'ab. 
E-li'a-da. 
E-li'a-dah. 
E-li'a-dun. 
E-li'ah. 
E-li'ah-ba. 
E-li'a-kim. 
E-li'a-li. 
E-li'am. 
E-li'as. 
E-li'a-saph. 
E-li'a-sbib. 
E-li'a-sis. 
E-]i'a-tha, or 
E-H'a-thah. 
E-li-a'zar. 
E-li'dad. 
E'li-el. 
E-li-e'na-i. 
E-li-e'zer. 
E-li'ha-ba. 
El-i-hce'na-i. 
El-i-bo'reph. 
E-li'hu. 
E-li'as. 
E-li'jah. 
El'L-ka. 
E-lim'e-lech. 
E-li-ce'na-i. 
E-li-o'nas. 
El'i-phal. 
E-liph'a-leh. 
El'i-phaz. 
E-liph'e-let. 
E-lis'a-beth. 
El-i-sas'us. 
E-lt'sha 
E-li'shah. 
E-lish'a-ina. 
E-lish'a-mah. 
E-lish'a-phat. 
E-lish/e-ba. 
El-i-shu'a. 
E-lis'i-mus. 
E-li'u. 
E-li'ud. 
E-liz'a-phan. 
El-i-se'us. 
E-li'zur. 
El'ka-nah. 



El'ko-sMfcc. 

El'la-sar. 

El'mo-dara. 

El'na-am. 

El'na-than. 

E'lon-ites. 

E'lon Beth'ha- 

nan. 
El'pa-al. 
El'pa-let. 
El-pa'ran. 
El'te-keh. 
El'te-keth. 
El'te-kon. 
El'to-lad. 
E-lu'za-i. 
El-y-ina'is. 
El'v-mas. 
El'za-bad. 
El'za-pban. 
Em-al-cu'el. 
'Em-man 'u-el. 
Em'ma-us. 
En-eg-la'im. 
En-e-mes'sar. 
E-ne'ni-as. 
En-gan'nim. 
En'ge-di. 
En-bad'dah. 
En-bak'ko-re. 
En-ha'zor. 
En-misli'pat. 
En-rim'mon. 
En-ro'gel. 
En'sbe-mesh. 
En-tap'pu-ah. 
Ep'a-pbras. 
E-paph-ro-di'tus 
E-pen'e-tus. 
E']ihes-dam"min 
Epli'pba-tha. 
E'phra-im. 
E'phra-im-ites. 
Eph'ra-tah. 
Eph'rath-ites. 
E'raii-ites. 
E-ras'tus. 
E-sa'i-as. 
E'sai-bad''don. 
Es-dre'lon. 
Es'e-bon. 
E-se'bri-aa. 
Esh'ba-al. 
E'.sbe-an. 
Esh'ka-lon. 
Esh'ta-ol. 
Esh'tau-lites. 
Esh-tern'o-a. 
Esh'te-moth. 
Es-ma-chi'ah. 
E-so'ra. 
Es-senes'. 
Est/ha.ol. 
Etb'a-Tiim. 
Et'h'ba-al. 
Eth'nan. 
Eu-as'i-bus. 
Eu-bu'lus. 
E-vil-nuT-o'daoh 
Eu'iia-than. 
Eu-ni'oe. 



EUO 



354 



JED 



Eu-o'di-as. 

Eu-pol'e-mus. 

Eu-roc'ly-don. 

Eu'ty-chus. 

Ex'o-dus. 

Ez'ba-i. 

Ez-e-chi'as. 

Ez-e-ki'as. 

E-ze'ki-el. 

Ez-e-ri'as. 

E-zi'as. 

E'zi-on-ge"ber. 

Ez'ra-hite. 

Ez'ri-el. 

Ga'al. 

Ga'ash. 

Gab'a-el. 

Gab'a-tha. 

Gab'ba-tha. 

Ga'bri-as. 

Ga'bri-el. 

Gad'a-ra. 

Gad-a-renes 7 . 

Gad'di-el. 

Ga'i-us. 

Gal'a-dad. 

Gal'-e-ed. 

Gal'ga-la. 

Gal'i-lee. 

Gal'li-o. 

Gam'a-el. 

Ga-ma'li-el. 

Gam'ma-dims. 

Gar'i-zim. 

Gaz'a-bar. 

Ga-za'ra. 

Ga'zath-ites. 

Ga-ze'ra. 

Ged-a-li'ah. 

Ge-de'rah. 

Ged'e-rite. 

Ge-de'roth. 

Ged-e-roth-a'im. 

Ge-ha'zi. 

Gel'i-loth. 

Ge-mal'li. 

Gem-a-ri'ah. 

Ge-ne'zar. 

Ge-nes'a-reth (2) 

Gen'e-sis. 

Gen-ne'us. 

Gen-u'bath. 

Ger'a-sa. 

Ger'ga-sbi. 

Ger'ga-shites. 

Ger-ge-senes'. 

Ger'i-zim. (2) 

Ger'rin-i-ans. 

Ger-rffi'ans. 

Ger'shon-ites. 

Gesb'u-ri. 

Gesh'u-rites. 

Geth-o-li'as. 

Geth-sem'a-ne. 

Ge-u'el. 

Ge'zer-ites. 

Gib'be-thon. 

Gib'e-a. 

Gib'e-ab. 

Gib'e-ath. 



Gib'e-on. 


Han'na-tlion. 


Hi-er-on'y-mus. 


It-u-re'a. 


Gib'e-on-ites. 


Han'ni'el. 


Hig-sjai'on. 


Iz'e-bar. 


Gid-dal'ti. 


Ha'noch-itPS. 


Hil-ki'ah. 


Iz'har-rit.e. 


Gid'e-on. 


Hapb-a-ra'im. 


Hir-ca'nus. 


Iz-ra-hi'ah. 


Gid-e-o'ni. 


Hav'a-dah. 


His-ki'jah. 


Iz'ra-hite. 


Gil'a-lai. 


Har-a-i'ali. 


Hod-a-i'ah. 


Iz-ra-i'ah. 


Gil'bo-a. 


Ha'ra-rite. 


Hod-a-vi'ab. 


Iz're-el. 


Gil'e-ad. 


Har-bo'na. 


Ho-de'va. 




Gil'e-ad-ite. 


Har-bo'nab. 


Ho-de'vah. 


Ja'a-ken. 


Gi'lo-nite. 


Har'ha-ta. 


Ho-di'ah. 


Ja-ak'o-bah. 


Gin'ne-tho. 


Har'ne-pher. 


Ho-di'jak. 


Ja-a'la. 


Giii'ne-thon. 


Ha'rod-ite. 


Hol-o-fer'nes. 


Ja-a'lah. 


Gir'ga-shi. 


HarVeh. 


Hor-a-gid'dad. 


Ja-a'lam 


Gir'ga-shites. 


Ha'ro-rite . 


Hor-o-na'im. 


Ja'a-nai. 


Git'ta-ira. 


Har'o-sheth. 


Hor'c-irites. 


Ja-ar-e-or'a-gim. 


Gi'zo-nite, 


Ha-ru'mapb. 


Ho-san'na. 


Ja-as-a-ni'a. 


Gni'dns. 


Ha-ru'phite. 


Ho-se'a. 


Ja'a-sau. 


Gol'go-tha. 


Has-a-di'ah. 


Hosh-a-i'ab.. 


Ja-a'si-el. 


Go-li'ah. 


Has-e-mi'ah. 


Hosh'a-ma. 


Ja-a'zaih. 


Go-li'ath. 


Hash-a-bi'ah. 


Ho-she'a. 


Ja-az-a-ni'ah. 


Go-mor'rah. 


Hash-ab'nah. 


Hu'phum-ites. 


Ja-a'zar. 


Go'pher-wood. 


Hash-ab-ni'ah. 


Hu'shath-ite. 


Ja-a-zi'ah. 


Gor'gi-as. 


Hash-bad'a-na. 


Hu'shu-bah. 


Ja-a'zi-el. 


Gor'ty-na. 


Hash-mo'nah. 


Hy-das'pcs. 


Jab'ne-el. 


Go-thon'i-el. 


Ha-shu'pha. 


Hy-e'na. 


Ja'chin-ites. 


Gre'ci-a. 


Has-se-na'ah. 


Hy-men-e'us. 


Ja-cu'bus. 


Gud'go-dah. 


Has-su'pha. 




Jad-du'a. 


Gur-ba'al. 


Hat'i-ta. 


Ib'le-am. 


Ja-ha'le-el. 




Hat-ti'pba. 


Ib-nei'ah. 


Ja-hal'e-lel 


Ha-a-hash'tari 


Hav'i-lah. 


Ib-ni'jah. 


Ja-ba'za. 


Ha-bai'ah. 


Ha'votb Ja'ir. 


Ich'a-bod. 


Ja-ba'zah. 


Hab'a-kuk. 


Haz'a-el. 


I-oo'ni-um. 


Ja-ha-zi'ah. 


Hab-a-zi-rii'ah. 


Ha-zai'ah. 


Id'a-lan. 


Ja-ha'zi-el. 


Ha-ber'ge-on. 


Ha'zar Hat'ti- 


Id'u-el. 


Jab'da-i. 


Hach-a-li'ah. 


con. 


Id-u-mss'a. 


Jab'di-el. 


Hach'i-lab. 


Ha-za'roth. 


Id-u-mas'ans 


Jah'le-el. 


Haeh'mo-ni. 


Ha'zel El-po'ni. 


Ig-da-li'ah. 


Jab'le-el-ites. 


Hacb'mo-nite. 


Ha-ze'rim. 


Ig-e-ab'a-rim. 


Jah'ma-i. 


Had-ad-e'zer. 


Ha-ze'roth. 


Ig'e-al. 


Jab'ze-el. 


Ha'dadRim'mon 


Haz'e-zon. 


Irn-man'u-el. 


Jah'zi-el. 


Had'a-shah. 


Ha'zi-el. 


I-o'ta. 


Jah'ze-rah. 


Ha-das'sa. 


Haz'u-bah. 


Iph-e-dei'ah. 


Ja'ir-ites. 


Ha-das'sah. 


He'ber-ites. 


I-ri'jah. 


Ja'i-rus. 


Ha-dat'tah. 


He'bron-ites. 


Ir'na-kash. 


Ja'min-ites. 


Ha-do'ram. 


Heg'a-i. 


Ir'pe-el. 


Jam'na-an. 


Hag'a-bah. 


He'ge. 


Ir-she'mtsh. 


Jam'ni-a. 


Hag'a-i. 


Hel-chi'ah. 


I-sai'ab. 


Ja-no'ah. 


Ha-gar-enes'. 


Hel'da-i. 


Is-caS^i-ot. 


Ja-no'bah. 


Ha'gar-ites. 


He'lek-ites. 


Is'da-el. 


Ja-phi'ah. 


Hag'ga-ri. 


Hel'ka-i. 


Isb'bo-sheth. 


Japh'le-ti. 


Hag'ge-ri. 


Hel'kath Haz"- 


I-sbi'ah. 


Jar-e-si'ah. 


Hag-gi'ah. 


zurim. 


I-shi'jah. 


Ja-ro'ab. 


Hak'ka-tan. 


Hel-ki'as. 


Ish'ma-el. 


Jas'a-el. 


Ha-ku'pha. 


Hen'a-dad. 


Isb'ma-el-ites. 


Ja-sbo'be-atn. 


Hal-le-lu'jah 


He'pher-ites. 


Ish-ma-i'ah. 


Jasb'u-bi Le"- 


Hal-lo'esh. 


Hepb/zi-bah. 


Ish'me-rai. 


hem. 


Ha'math-ite. 


Her-mog'e-nes. 


Ish'u-a. 


Jash'ub-ites 


Ha'matb Zo'bab. 


Her'mon-ites. 


Isb'u-ai. 


Ja'si-el. 


Ham-mcd'a-tba. 


He-ro'di-ans. 


Is-ma-cbi'ab,. 


Ja-su'btis. 


Ham'e-lecli. 


He-ro'di-as. 


Is-ma-i'ab. 


Jath'ni-el. 


Ham'i-tal. 


Hez'e-ki. 


Is'ra-el. 


Ja'zi-el. 


Ham-mol'e-ketb 


Hez-e-ki'ah. 


Is'ra-el-ites. 


Je'a-rim. 


Ham'o-nah. 


He-zi'a. 


Is'sa-cbar. 


Je-at'e-rai. 


Ha-mu'el. 


Hez'ra-i. 


Is-tal-cu'rus. 


Je-ber-e-chi'aTi. 


Ha'mul-ites. 


Hez'ron-ite9. 


Is'u-i. 


Je-bu'si. 


Ha-mu'tal. 


Hid'da-i. 


Is'u-ites. 


Jeb'u-sites. 


Ha-nam'e-el. 


Hid'de-kel. 


Itb'a-i. 


Jec-a-mi'ah. 


Ha-nan'e-ol. 


Hi-er'e-el. 


Ith'a-mar. 


Jec-o-li'ab. 


Han'a-ni. 


Hi-er'e-moth. 


Itb'i-el. 


Jec-o-ni'ab. 


Han-a-ni'ah. 


Hi-er-i-e'lus. 


Itk're-am. 


Je-dai'a. 


Han'i-el. 


Hi-er'mas. 


It'ta-i. 


Jc-dai'ah. 



JED 



355 



MEL 



Jed-de'ug. 


Jer'o-bam. 


Josh-bek'a-sha. 


Le-tu'shini. 


Mak-ke'dah. 


Jcd-e-di'ah. 


Je-rub'ba-al. 


Josh'u-a. 


Le-vi'a-than. 


Mal'achi. 


Je-dei'ah. 


Je-rub'e-sheth. 


Jo-si'ah. 


Lo-vit'i-cus. 


Mal-chi'ah. 


Je-di'a-el. 


Jer'u-el. 


Jo-si'as. 


Le-um'mim. 


Mal'chi-ol. 


Jed'i-ah. 


Je-ru'sa-Iem. 


Jos-i-bi'ah. 


Lib'a-nus. 


Mal'chi-el-ites. 


Je'di-el. 


Je-ru'sha. 


Jos-i-phi'ah. 


Lib'y-a. 


Mal-chi'jah. 


Jed'u-tbun. 


Je-sai'ah. 


Jo-si'phua. 


Lig-nal'oes. 


Mal-chi'ram. 


Je-e'li. 


Jesh-a-i'ah. 


Jot'ba-tha. 


Lo-am'mi. 


Mal-chi-shu'ah. 


Je-e'zer. 


Jesh'a-nah. 


Joz'a-bad. 


Lod'e-bar. 


Mal'lo-thi. 


Je-e'zer-ites. 


Jesh-ar-e'lah. 


Joz'a-char. 


Lo Ru'ha-mah. 


Ma-mai'as. 


Je'gar Sa-ha- 


Jesli-eb'e-ab. 


Joz'a-dak. 


Loth-a-su'bus. 


Mam'ni-ta-nai"- 


du"tha. 


Jesh-eb'e-ah. 


Ju-dae'a. 


Lu'ci-fer. 


mus. 


Je-ha'le-el. 


Jesh'i-mon. 


Ju'li-a. 


Lu'ci-us. 


Ma-mu'cus. 


Je-hal'e-lel. 


Je-shish'a-i. 


Ju'ni-a. 


Lvc-a-o'ni-a. 


Man'a-en. 


Je-ha'zi-el. 


Jesh-o-ha-i'ah. 


Ju-shab'he-sed. 


Lyd'i-a. 


Man'a-hath. 


.Teh-dei'ah. 


Jesh'u-a. 




Ly-sa'ni-aa. 


Man'a-hem. 


Je-hei'el. 


Jesh'u-run. 


Kab'ze-el. 


Lys'i-a. 


Ma-na'heth-ites 


Te-hez'e-kel. 


Je-si'ah. 


Ka'deskBar'ne-a 


Lys'i-as. 


Man-as-se'as. 


Je-hi'ah. 


Je-sini'i-el. 


Kad'mi-el. 




Ma-nas'seh. 


Je-hi'el. 


Jes'se. 


Kad'mon-ites. 


Ma'a-cah. 


Ma-nas'sites. 


Je-hi'e-li. 


Jes'u-a. 


Kal'la-i. 


Ma'a-chah. 


Man-ba-na'im. 


Je-hish'a-i. 


Jes'u-i. 


Ka-re'ah. 


Ma-ach'a-thi. 


Ma-no'ah. 


Je-his-ki'ah. 


Je'u-el. 


Kar'ka-a. 


Ma-ach'a-thites. 


Ma'on-ites. 


Je-ho'a-dah. 


Jez-a-Tii'ah. 


Kar'na-im. 


Ma-ad'ai. 


Mar'a-lah. 


Je-ho-ad'dan. 


.Tez'a-bel. 


Ked'e-rnah. 


Ma-a-di'ah. 


Mar-a-nath'a. 


Te-ho'a-haz. 


Je-ze'lus. 


Ked'e-moth. 


Ma-a'i. 


Mar-do-che'us. 


.Te-ho'ash. 


Je'zer-ites. 


Ke-hel'a-thah. 


Ma-al'ehAcrab"- 


Ma-re'shah. 


Je-ho'ha-dah. 


Je-zi'ah. 


Ke-lai'ah. 


bim. 


Mar'i-sa. 


Je-ho'ha-nan. 


Je'zi-el. 


Kel'i-ta. 


Ma'a-nai. 


Mar're-kab. 


Je-hoi'a-cMn. 


Jez-li'ah. 


Kel'kath-ha- 


Ma'a-rath. 


Mar'se-na. 


Je-hoi'a-da. 


Jez'o-ar. 


zu"rim. 


Ma-a-sei'ah. 


Mar'te-na.. 


Je-hoi'a-kim. 


Jez-ra-bi'ah. 


Kem'u-el. 


Ma-a-si'ah. 


Mas'e-loth. 


Je-hoi'a-rib. 


Jez're-el. 


Ken'niz-zites. 


Ma-a-zi'ah. 


Mas're-kah. 


Je-hon'a-dab. 


Jez're-el-ite. 


Ke'ri-oth. 


Mab'da-i. 


Mas-si'as. 


Je-hon'a-than. 


Jez've-el-i-tess. 


Ke-tu'ra. 


Mac'a-lon. 


Mat'tan-nah. 


Je-ho'rani. 


Jiph'that-el. 


Ke'tu-iah. 


Mac'ca-bees. 


Mat-tan-i'ah. 


IV-ho-shab'e-ath 


Jo'a-chaz. 


Ke-zi'a. 


Mac-ca-bse'us. 


Mat'ta-lba. 


Je-hosh'a-phat. 


Jo-a-da'iius. 


Kib'roth Hat- 


Mach'be-nah. 


Mat-ta-thi'as. 


Te-liosh'e-ba. 


Jo'a-haz. 


ta"a-vah. 


Mach'be-nai. 


Mat-te-na'i. 


Je-hosh'u-a. 


Jo'a-kim. 


Kib'za-im. 


Mach-be'Joth. 


Mat-the'las. 


JE-HO'VAH. 


Jo-an'na. 


Kir-har'a-seth. 


Ma'chir-ites. 


Mat-thi'as. 


Je-hoz'a-bad. 


Jo-an'nan. 


Kir'horesh. 


Mirch-na-de'bai. 


Mat-ti-thi'ah. 


Je-hub'bah. 


Jo'a-tham. 


Kir'i-eth. 


Mach-pe'lah. 


Maz-i-ti'as. 


Je'hu-cal. 


Jo-a-zab'dus. 


Kir'jatli A'ri-us. 


Mad'a-i. 


Maz-za'roth. 


Je-hu'di. 


Joch'e-bed. 


K i r'j atli J e'a-r i in 


Ma-di'a-bun. 


M^-a'ni. 


Je-liu-di'jah. 


Jo-ertah. 


Kir'i-oth. 


Ma-di'ah. 


Me -a rah. 


Je-i'el. 


Jo-e'zer. 


Kish'i-dn. 


Ma'di-an. 


Me-bu'nai. 


Je-kab'ze-el. 


Jog'be-ah. 


Ko'hath-itea. 


Mad-man'nah. 


MecL'e-rath. 


Jek-a-me'am. 


Jo-lta'nan. 


Kol-a-i'ah. 


Ma-e'lus. 


Mech'6-ra't/h-ite. 


Jek-a-mi'ah. 


Joi'a-da. 


Ko'rah-ites. 


Mag'da-la. 


Med'a-lah 


Je-ku'thiel. 


Joi'a-kim, 


Ko'rath-ites. 


Mag'da-len. 


Med'e-ba. 


Jem'i-mah. 


Joi'a-rib. 


Ko're. 


Mag-da-le'ne. 


Me'di-a. 


Jem-u'el. 


Jok'de-am. 


Kush-ai'ah. 


Mag'di-el. 


Me'di-an. 


Je-phun'nah. 


Jok'me-an. 




Ma'gar Mis"sa- 


Me-e'da. 


Je-rahm'e-el. 


Jok'ne-am. 


La'a-dah. 


bib. 


Me-gid'do. 


Je-rahm'e-el- 


Jok'the-el. 


La'a-dan. 


Mag'pi-ash. 


Me-gid'ddn. 


ites. 


Jon'a-dab. 


Lab'a-na. 


Ma'ha-Jah. 


Me-ha'Ji. 


Jer'e-chus. 


.Ton'a-than. 


La-eu'nus. 


Ma'ha-lath Le- 


Me-het'a-bel. 


Jer'e-rnai. 


Jo'ra-i. 


La-hai'roi. 


an"-noth. 


Me-lii'da. 


Jer-e-mi'ah. 


Jor'i-baa. 


Lap'i-doth. 


Ma-ha'ie-el. 


Me-hol'ath-ite. 


Jer'e-moth. 


Jor'ko-ani. 


La-se'a. 


Ma'ha-li. 


Me-bu'ja-el. 


Jer'c-mouth. 


Jos'a-bad. 


La-sha'ron. 


Ma-ha-na'ira. 


Me-hu'man. 


Je-ri'ah. 


Jos'a-phat. 


Las'tho-nes. 


Ma'ha-neh Dan. 


Me-hu'nim. 


Jer'i-bai. 


Jos-a-phi'as. 


Laz'a-rus, 


Ma'ha-nem. 


Me-bu'nims. 


Jer'i-cho. 


Jo'so. 


Leb'a-nah. 


Ma-har'a-i. 


Me-jar'kon. 


Je'ri-el. 


Jos'e-dech. 


Leb'a-non. 


Ma'ha-vites. 


Mek'o-nah. 


Je-ri'jah. 


Jo-se'phus. 


Leb'a-oth. 


Ma-ha'zi-oth. 


Mel-a-ti'ah. 


Jer'i-raoth. 


J.o'se-el. 


Leb-be'us. 


Ma'her-sbal'al- 


Mel-chi'ah. 


fc'ri-oth. 


Josh'a-bad. 


Le-bo'nah. 


hash'baz. 


Mel-ohi'as. 


Jer'o-don. 


Josb/a-phat, 


Le'ha-bim. 


Maj-an'e-as. 


Mel'chi-el. 


Jer-o-bo'am. 


Josh-a-vi'ah. 


Lem'u-el. 


Mak-e'loth. 


Mol-chi3'o-dek 



MEL 



356 



SAM 



Mel-chi-sViu'a. 


Mo'ras-thite. 


Nem-u'el-ites. 


Pass'o-ver. 


Ra'a-mah. 


Me-le'a. 


Mor'de-cai. 


Ne-phish'e-sim. 


Pat'a-ra. 


Ra-a-mi'ah. 


Mel'li-cu. 


Mor'esh-ethGath 


Neph'tha-li. 


Pa-te'o-li. 


Ra-am'ses, 


Mel'i-ta. 


Mo-ri'ah. 


Ni-p'tho-ah. 


Pa-the'us. 


Rab-bo'ni.. 


Me-mu'can. 


Mo-se'ra. 


Neph'tu-im. 


Path-ru'sim. 


Rab'sa-ces. 


Men'a-hem. 


Mo-se'rah. 


Nc-phu'sim. 


Pat'ro-baa. 


Rab'sa-ris. 


Me'ne. 


Mo-so'roth. 


Ne're-us. 


Pa'u. 


Rab'sha-keh. 


Men'o-thai. 


Mo-sol'lam. 


Ner'gal Sha-re'- 


Ped'a-hel. 


Rad'da-i. 


Me-ori'e-nera. 


Mo-sul'la-mon. 


zer. 


Ped'ab-zur. 


Rag'u-a. 


Meph'a-ath. 


Muth'lab-ben. 


Ne-ri'ah. 


Ped-ai'ah. 


Ra-gu'el. 


Me-phib'o-sheth 


Myt-e-le'ne. 


Ne-than'e-el. 


Pek-a-hi'ah. 


Ra-math-a'im. 


Mer-a-i'ah. 




Neth-a-ni'ah. 


Pel-a-i'ah. 


Rain'a-them. 


Me-rai-oth. 


Na'a-mah. 


Neth'i-nims. 


Pel-a-li'ah. 


Ra'matb-ite. 


Mer'a-ri. 


Na'a-man. 


Ne-to'pbah. 


Pel-a-ti'ah. 


Ra-me'ses. 


Mer'a-rites. 


Na'a-ma-thites. 


Ne-toph'a-thi. 


Pe'leth-ites. 


Ra-mi'ah. 


Mer-a-tha'im. 


Na'a-mites. 


Ne-toph'a-thites 


Pe-li'as. 


Ra'mothGil'e-ad 


Mer'e-motli. 


Na'a-rah. 


Ne-zi'ah. 


Pel'o-nite. 


Ra'pha-cl. 


Mer'i-bah. 


Na'a-rai. 


Nic-o-de'mus. 


Pe-ni'el. 


Raph'a-im. 
Rath'u-mus. 


Me-rib'ba-al. 


Na'a-ran . 


Nic-o-]a'i-tanes. 


Pe-nin'nah. 


Mer'i-moth. 


Na'a-rath. 


Nic'o-las. 


Pen'ni-nah. 


Re-a-i'ah. 


Mero'doch Bal'- 


Na-ash'on. 


Nin'e-ve. 


Pen-tap'o-lia. 


Re-bec'ca. 


a-dan. 


Na'a-thus. 


Nin'e-veh. 


Pen'ta-tcuch. 


Re'chab-ites. 


Me-ron'o-thlte. 


Nab-a-ri'as. 


Nin'e-vites. 


Pen'te-cost. 


Re-cho'chim. 


Mesh-el-e-mi'ah. 


Na-ba-the'ans. 


No-a-di'ah. 


Pe-nu'el. 


Re-ei-ai'ah. 


Mesh-ez'a-bel . 


Na'bath-ite9. 


No'e. 


Per'-a-zim. 


Re-el-i'as. 


Mesh-ez'a-beel. 


Na-dab'a-the. 


No'e-ba. 


Per'ga-nios. 


Ree-sai'as. 


Mesh-il-la'mith. 


Ncg'ge. 


Nom'a-des. 


Pe-ri'da. 


Re-gem'me-]ech 


Mesh-il'le-rnuth. 


Na-ha'li-el. 


No-rne'ni-us. 


Per'iz-zites. 


Re-ha-bi'ah. 


Me-sho'bah. 


Na-hal'lal. 




Per'me-nas. 


Re-ho-bo'am. 


Ms-shul'lam. 


Na'ha-lol. 


Ob-a-di'ah. 


Per-u'da. 


Re-ho'both. 


Me-shul'Ie-mith. 


Na-ham'a-ni. 


O'chi-el. 


Peth-a-hi'ah. 


Re'i. 


Mes'o-bah. 


Na-har'a-i. 


Oc-i-de'lus. 


Pe-thu'el. 


Rem-a-K'ah. 


Mes'o-ba-ite. 


Na'ha-bi. 


Oo'i-na. 


Pe-ul'thai. 


Rem'mon Meth" 


Mes-o-po-ta'rai-a 


Na'i-dus. 


O-dol'iam. 


Phac'a-reth. 


o-ar. 


Mes-si'ah. 


Na-ne'a. 


Od-on-ar'kes. 


Phal-dai'us. 


Re'pha-el. 


Mes-si'as. 


Na'o-mi. 


Ol'a-mus. 


Pha-le'as. 


Reph-a-i'ah. 


Me-te'rus. 


Naph'i-si. 


O-lyra'phaa. 


Phal'ti-el. 


Reph'a-im. 


Meth're-dath. 


Naph'tha-li. 


Om-a-e'rus. 


Pha-nu'el. 


Reph'a-im3. 


Me-thu'sa-el. 


Naph'tu-him. 


Om'e-ga. 


Phar'a-cim. 


Reph'i-dim. 


Me-thu'se-la. 


Na-than'a-el. 


O-nes'i-mus. 


Pha'ra-oh. 


Re-u'el. 


Me-thu'se-lah. 


Nath-a-ni'as. 


On-e-siph'o-rus. 


Phar-a-tho'ni. 


Re-zi'a. 


Me-u'nim. 


Na've. 


O-ni'a-res. 


Pha'rez-ites. 


Rhe'gi-um. 


Mez'a-hab. 


Naz-a-rene'. 


O-ni'as. 


Phar'i-sees. 


Rhod'o-cus. 


Mi'a-min. 


Naz-a-renes'. 


O-ny'as. 


Pha'se-ah. 


Ro-ge'Jim. 


Mi-cai'ah. 


Naz'a-reth. 


On'y-cha. 


Pha-se'lia. 


Ro'i-mus. 


Mi'cha-el. 


Naz'a-rite. 


O-ri'on. 


Phas'i-ron. 


Ro-mam-ti-e'zer 


Mi-chai'ah. 


Ne-a-ri'ah. 


Or-tho-si'as. 


Phe'be. 


RuTia-mah. 


Mich'me-thah. 


Neb'a-i. 


O-sai'as. 


Phe-ni'ca. 


Rus'ti-cus. 


Mid'i-an. 


Ne-bai'oth. 


se'as. 


Phib'e-seth. 




Mid'i-an-ites 


Ne-ba'joth. 


uhe-a. 


Phi-lar'chea. 


Sa-bac'tha-ni. 


Mig'da-lel. 


Ne-bal'Iat. 


O/si-frage. 


Phi-le'mon. 


Sab'a-oth. 


Mij'a-min. 


Neb-u-chad- 


Oth'ni-el. 


Phi-le'tus. 


Sab'a-tus. 


Mik-nei'ah. 


nez'-zar. 


Oth -o-ni'as. 


Phi-lis'ti-a. 


Sab-ba-the'us. 


Mil-a-la'i. 


Neb-u-chad- 


O-zi'as. 


Phi-lis'tim. 


Sab-be'us. 


Mi-m'a-min. 


rez'-zar. 


O'zi-el. 


Phi-lis'tines. 


Sab-de'us. 


Mir'i-rim. 


Neb-u-chas'ban. 


O-zo'ra. 


Phi-lol'o-gus. 


Sa-be'ans. 


Mish'a-el. 


Neb-u-chod-or/- 




Phil-o-me'tor. 


Sad-a-mi'as. 


Mi'she-al. 


o-sor. 


Pa'a-rai. 


Phin'e-as. 


Sad-de'us. 


Mish-man'na. 


Neb-u-zar'a-dan. 


Pa'gi-el. 


Phin'e-has. 


Sad'du-cees. 


Mish'ra-ites. 


Ne-co'dan. 


Pa'i. 


Phy-gel'lus. 


Sa-ha-du'cha Je'- 


Mis'pe-reth. 


Ned-a-bi'ah. 


Pal'es-tine. 


Pby-lao'te-ries. 


gar. 


Mis'ra-im. 


Ne-e-mi'as. 


Pal'Iu-ites. 


Pi-ha-hi'roth. 


Sah'te-cha. 


Mis're-photh- 


Ncg'i-noth. 


Pal'ti-el. 


Pil'e-tha. 


Sa-la-sad'a-i. 


ma"im. 


Ne-hel'a-mite. 


Par'a-dise. 


Pir'a-thon. 


Sa-la'thi-el. 


Mith'ri-dath 


Ne-he-mi'ah. 


Par-mash'ta. 


Pir'a-thon-ite. 


Sal'la-i. 


Miz'ra-im. 


Ne-he-mi'as. 


Par'ine-nas. 


Poch'e-reth. 


Sal-lu'mus. 


Mo'ab-ites. 


Ne-hush'ta. 


Pa-shan'da-tha. 


Por'a-tha. 


Sal-mo'ne. 


Mo-a-di'ah. 


Ne-hush'tah. 


Par'u-ah. 


Pot'i-phar. 


Sa-lo'me. 


Mol'a-dah. 


Ne-hush'tan. 


Par-Ya'im. 


Po-tiph'c-ra. 


Sam'a-el. 


Mo-o-si'as. 


Ne-ko'da. 


Pas-dam'min. 


Prooh'o-ras. 


Sa-mai'as. 


"Mo'rash-ite. 


Nena-u'el. 


Pa-se'ah. 


Pu'ti-el. 


Sa-ma'ri-a. 



SAM 



Sa mar l-tans. 

Sam'a-tus. 

Sa-mei'us. 

Samp'sa-mes. 

San-a-bas'sa-rus. 

San'a-sib. 

San-bal'Iat. 

SanTie-drim. 

San-san'nah. 

Saph-a-ti'as. 

Sap-phi' ra. 

Sar-a-bi'as. 

Sar-a-i'ah. 

Sa-rai'as. 

Sa-ram'a-cl. 

Sar'a-mel. 

Sar-ched'o-nus. 

Sar'de-us. 

Sav'dites. 

Sar'di-us. 

Sar'do-nyx 

Sa're-a. 

Sa-rep'ta. 

Sa-ro'thi. 

Sar-se'chim. 

Sath-ra-baz'nes. 

Sath-ra-bou-za'- 

nes. 
Sav'a-ran. 
Sa'vi-as. 
Scy-thop'o-Ks. 
Scytb-o-pol'i- 

tans. 

Sech-e-ni'as. 
Sed-e-ci'as. 
Se'i-ratb. 
Se'la Ham-mah 

le'koth. 
Sel-e-mi'as. 
Sein-a-chi'ah. 
Sem-a-i'ah. 
Sem-a-i'as. 
Sem'e-i. 
Se-mel'le-us. 
Sen'a-ah. 
Sen-a-chc'rib 
Sen'u-ah. 
Se-o'rim. 
Seph'a-rad. 
Seph-ar-va'im. 
Se'phar-vites. 
Se-phe'la. 
Se-ra-i'ah. 
Ser'a-phim. 
Sha-al-ab'bin. 
Sha-al'bim. 
Sba-al'bo-rute. 
Sha-a-ra'im. 
Shar'a-ira. 
Sha-ash'ga3 
Shab-bcth'a-i. 
Sbach'i-a. 
Shad'da-i. 
Sha'ge. 

Sha-haz'i-math. 
Shal'Je-cheth. 
Shal'i-sha. 
Shal'ma-i. 
Shal-ma-ne'ser. 
Sham-a-ri'ab. 



Sham'ma-i. 

Sham-mu'a. 

Sham-mu'ah. 

Sham-she-ra'i. 

Shar'a-i. 

Shar'ma-im. 

Sha-re'zer. 

Sha'ron-ite. 

Sha-ru'hen. 

Shash'a-i. 

Sha'ul-ites. 

Sha-u'sha. 

She'al. 

Sho-al'ti-el. 

Sho-a-ri'ah. 

Shc-ar-ja'shub. 

Sheb-a-ni'ah. 

Sheb'a-rim. 

Shcb'u-el. 

Shec-a-ni'ah. 

She'chem-ites 

Shech'i-nah. 

Shod'e-ur. 

She-ha-ri'ah. 

She'lan-ites. 

Shel-e-mi'ah. 

Shel'o-mi. 

Shel'o-mitb. 

Shel'o-moth. 

She-lu'mi-el. 

Shem'a-ah. 

Shem-a-i'ah. 

Shem-a-ri'ah. 

Shem'e-ber. 

She-mi'da. 

Shem'i-nith. 

She-mir'a-moth 

She-rau'el. 

Shc-na'zar. 

Sheph-a-ti'ah. 

She-phu'phan. 

Sher-e-bi'ah. 

She-re'zer. 

Shesh-baz'zar. 

She'tharBoz'na-i 

Shib'bo-ieth. 

Shig-gai'on. 

Shi-i'im. 

Shil'lem-ites. 

Shi-lo'oh. 

Shi-lo'ni. 

Shi-lo'nites. 

Shim'e-a. 

Shim'e-ah. 

Shim'o-am. 

Shim'e-ath. 

Shim'e-ath-ites 

Shim'e-i. 

Shim'e-on. 

Shira'ron-ites. 

Shit'ra-i. 

Sho'ba-i. 

Sho-shau'-nim. 

Shu'ba-el. 

Shu'ham-ites. 

Shu'lam-itK. 

Shu'math-itcs. 

Shu'nara-ite. 

Shu'the-lah. 

Shu'thal-ites. 

Si'a-ka. 



357 

Sib'ba-ohai. 

Sib'bo-leth. 

Sib'ra-im. 

Si'de. 

Si-gi'o-notb. 

Sil'o-a. 

Sil'o-as. 

Sil'o-atb. 

Sil'o-am. 

Sil'o-e. 

Si-mal-cu'e. 

Sim'e-on. 

Sim'e-on-ites. 

Sir'i-on. 

Sis-am'a-i. 

Sis'e-ra. 

Si-sin'nes. 

Sod'om-ites. 

Sod'o-ma. 

Sop'a-ter. 

Soph'e-reth. 

So-sip'a-ter. 

Sos'the-nes. 

Sos'tra-tus. 

So'ta-i. 

Stac'te. 

Steph'a-na. 

Steph'a-nas. 

Su'ba-i. 

Su-ca'ath-ites. 

Su'di-as. 

Suk'ki-ims. 

Su'san-chitt'3. 

Su-san'nah. 

Syc'a-mhie. 

Sy-ce'ne. 

Sy-e'lus. 

Sy-e'ne. 

Syji'a-gogue. 

Syn'ti-che. 

Syr'i-aMa'a-cah 

Syr'i-on. 

Ta'a-nach. 

Tab'ba-oth. 

Ta'be-al. 

Ta'bc-el. 

Ta-bel'Ji-us. 

Tab'e-ra. 

Tab'i-tha. 

Tab'ri-mon. 

Taeh'mo-nite. 

Ta'han-itos. 

Ta-haph'a-nes. 

Ta-hap'e-nes. 

Tah'pe-nes. 

Tab're-a. 

Tal'i-thi Cu'mi. 

Tan'hu-meth. 

Tapli'e-nes. 

Tap'pu-ah. 

Tar'a-lah. 

Ta're-a. 

Tar'pol-ites. 

Tar-shi'si. 

Tat'na-i. 

Teb-a-li'ah; 

Te-haph'ne-hes. 

Te-bin'nab. 

Te-ko'a. 

To-ko'ah. 



ZUR 

To-ko'ites. 

Tel'a-bib. 
Tel'a-im. 
Te-las'sar. 
Tel-ha-re/sha. 

Tel-har'sa. 

Tel'me-lah. 

Tem'a-ni. 

Te'man-ites. 

Tem'e-ni. 

Ter'a-pliiin. 

Ter-tul'lus. 

Thad-de'us. 

Tham'na-tha. 

The-co'e. 

The-las'ser. 

The-]cr'sas. 

The-oc'a-nus. 

Thc-od'o-tus. 

The-oph'i-lus. 

Ther'me-leth. 

Thes-sa-lo-ni'ca. 

Tliim'na-thath. 

This'be. 

Thom'o-i. 

Thra-se'aa. 

Thy-a-ti'ra. 

Ti-be'ri-as. 

Tig'lath Pi-le'ser 

Ti-me'lus. 

Tim'iia-thah. 

Ti-mo'the-us. 

Ti'rath-ites. 

Th'ha-kah. 

Tir'ha-nah. 

Tir'i-a. 

Tir'sha-tlia. 

To'a-iiah. 

To-bi'ah. 

To'bi-cl. 

To-bi'jah. 

To-gar'mah. 

To'la-itcs. 

Tol'ba-nes. 

Trach-o-ni'tis. 

Trip'o-lis. 

Tro-gyl'li-um. 

Tropb'i-mus. 

Try-pbe'iia. 

Try-pho'sa. 

Tu-bi'c-ni. 

Ty-bc'ri-as. 

Tycb'i-cus. 

Ty-ran'nus. 

U'LA-r. 

U-phar'sin. 

Ur'ba-ne. 

U-ri'ah. 

U-ri'as. 

U'ri-el. 

U-ri'jah. 

U'tha-i. 

U'za-i. 

Uz-zi'ah. 

Uz-zi'el. 

Uz-zi'el-ites. 

Va-joz'-atba. 

Va-ni'ah. 

Xan'thi-cus. 



Xc'ne-as. 

Xer-o-pha'gi-a, 
Xe-rol'y-be. 

Za-a-na'im. 

Za'a-man. 

Za-a-nan'nim. 

Za'a-van. 

Zab-a-dae'ans. 

Zab-a-dai'as. 

Zab-de'us. 

Zab'di-el. 

Za-bi'na. 

Zab'u-lon. 

Zac'ca-i. 

Zach-a-ri'ab. 

Zao-che'us. 

Zal-mo'nah. 

Zal-mun'nah. 

Zam-zuin'miins. 

Za-no'ah. 

Zaph-nath-pa-a- 

ne'ah. 
Zar'a-ces. 
Zar-a-i'as. 
Za're-ah. 
Za're-ath-ites. 
Zar'e-phath. 
Zar'e-tan. 
Zar'ta-nab 
Zath'o-e. 
Za-thu'i. 
Zeb-a-di'ah. 
Ze-ba'im. 
Zeb'e-dee. 
Ze-bi'na. 
Ze-bo'im. 
Ze-bu'da. 
Zeb'u-lon. 
Zeb'u-lon-ites. 
Zech-a-ri'ah. 
Ze-de-ki'ah. 
Ze-lo'pbe-ad. 
Zc-lo'tes. 
Zom-a-ra'im. 
Zem'a-rite. 
Ze-mi'ra. 
Ze-or'im. 
Zepb-a-ni'ab. 
Zeph'a-thah. 
Zcpb'i-on. 
Zer-a-bi'ah. 
Zer-a-i'a. 
Zer'e-dah. 
Zo-rcd'a-tbah 
Zer'e-ratb. 
Zc-ru'ah. 
Ze-rub'ba-bel. 
Zcr-u-i'ah. 
Zer-vi'ah. 
Zib'e-cm. 
Zib'i-on. 
Zid-ki'jab. 
Zipb'i-on. 
Zip-po'rah. 
Zo-be'bah. 
Zo'he-lcth. 
Zon'a-ias. 
Zo're-ah. 
Z u'ri-el. 
Zu-ri-shad'da-L 



A CONCISE 
CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONABY. 



GENERAL RULES FOR THE PRONUNCIATION OF GREEK AND LATIN 
PROPER NAMES. 

1 Generally speaking, Greek and Latin words are pronounced exactly like English, 
Having, therefore, ascertained the proper position of the accent, we have only to pronounce 
each .syllable according tc the usual powers or sounds of the letters in English words. 

2. Words of two syllables, either Greek or Latin, whatever may be their quantity in the 
original, have, in English pronunciation, the accent on the first syllable ; and if a single 
consonant conies between two vowels, the consonant goes to the last syllable, and the vowel 
in the first syllable is long ; as, Ca'to, Ce'res, Mi'das, So'lon, Nu'ma. 

3. In words of more than two syllables we accent the antepenult, unless the penult is 
long ; as, Dernos'thenes, Virgil'ius. But if the penult is long, we accent it, and not the 
antepenult ; as, Aristohu'lus. Androni'cus. 

4. Of the class of words ending in ia, some are pronounced with the penult long, as in 
the original Greek, as Soplii'a, Thali'a; while others have conformed to the English ana- 
logy, as Sama'ria, Alexandria. Others are pronounced in both ways; as, Ipkigenia, 
or Iphige'nia. 

5. Every final i, though not under the accent, has its long sound ; as in Achivi, Horatii. 

6. E final is always pronounced ; as in Penelope. Melpomene. 

7. The Diphthong ce or ce, ending a syllable with the accent on it, is pronounced like 
\ong e ; as, Ccesar (se'sar), (Eta (e'ta). But when the diphthong ce or ce is followed by a 
consonant in the same syllable, it is pronounced like short e ; as, Dcedalus {ded'alus), 
CEdipus {ed'ipus). 

8. The consonants c and g are hard before a, o, and u ; and soft before e, i, and y. 

9. The combination ch is pronounced like k ; as in Charon, Chios ; pronounced ka'ron, 
M'os. 

10. The Principles of Pronunciation explained in the Introduction to the Dictionary, 
apply generally to the pronunciation of Greek and Latin words. 



A. 



A'ba or A'ba?, a town of Phocis, famous for 
an oracle of Apollo. 

Ab'alus, an island in the German Ocean, 
where, as the ancient3 supposed, amber 
dropped from the trees. 

Ab'ana, a river of Syria, near Damascus. 

Ab'aris, a Scythian priest of Apollo, the pos- 
sessor of winged arrows, on which he rode 
through the air. 

A'bas, a king of Argos, changed into a lizard 
by Ceres, for ridiculing her mysteries. 

Ab'atos, an island near Memphis, where 
Osiris was buried. 

Abde'ra. a maritime city of Thrace, built by 
Hercules in honor of Abde'rus, his armour- 
bearer. The air of this place was thick 
and unwholesome, and the inhabitants 
sluggish and stupid. It gave birth, how- 
ever, to some eminent men, as Democritus, 
Protagoras, &c. 

Abeo'na, a goddess of voyages. 

Ablia, a mountain of Africa, opposite to 
Calpe, in Spain. These two mountains 
Were called the Pillars of Hercules. 



| Abori"gines, the original inhabitants of 
J Italy. 

i Absyr'tus, a brother of Medea, who was torn 
| in pieces by her, in order to retard her 

father's pursuit, when she eloped with 
I Jason. 
JVby'dos, a city of Asia, opposite to Sestos, in 

Thrace ; famous for the loves of Hero and 

Leander. 
Ab'yla. See Abila. 
Abyssin'ia, a country in Africa where the 

Nile takes its rise. 
Acade'mia, a place near Athens, where Plato 

opened his school of philosophy. 
Acan'tha, a nymph beloved by Apollo, and 

afterwards changed by him into the herb 

bearsfoot. 
Acarna'nia, a region of Epirus. 
Acca Lauren'tia, wife of Faustulus, who 

brought up Romulus and Remus. 
Aces'tes, a Sicilian king who entertained 

./Eneas most hospitably. 
Achsem'eiies, the first king of Persia. 
Achates, a faithful follower of iEneas. 
Achelo'us, the son of Oceanus and Tethy% 

and god of the river Achelous, in Epiius. 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



359 



He could turn himself into various shapes ; 
and was killed by Hercules, in the form of 
a bull, in their contest for Dejanira. 

Ach'eron, the son of Sol and Terra, turned 
into a river of hell by Jupiter, for assisting 
the Titans with water in their war against 
him. It is often put for hell. 

Achillas, a general of Ptolemy, who mur- 
dered Pompey the Great. 

Achil'les, the" son of Peleus, king of Thrace, 
and the sea-goddess Thetis, who, having 
been dipped by his mother in the river 
Styx, became invulnerable in every part 
but in the right heel, by which he was 
held. He was the great hero of the Tro- 
jan war, and was killed by Paris with an 
arrow which pierced his heel, the only part 
in which he was vulnerable. 

A'cis, a Sicilian shepherd. See Galatea. 

Acon'teus, a famous hunter, turned into 
stone by the head of Medusa. 

A'crae,* a mountain of Peloponnesus. 

Acris'ius, king of Argos. father of Danae. 

Acrop'Slis, the citadel of Athens. 

Actse'on, a famous hunter, who, having sur- 
prised Diana as she was bathing, was 
turned by her into a stag, and torn to 
pieces by his own hounds. 

Ac'tium, a town and promontory of Epirus, 
famous for the battle between Augustus 
and Antony. 

Adamantaa'a, . Jupiter's nurse in Crete, who 
suspended him in his cradle to a tree, that 
he might not bo found in the earth, the 
sea, or in heaven. 

Adme'tus, a king of Thessaly, whose flocks 
Apollo fed when exiled from heaven. See 
Alcestis. 

4do'nis, a beautiful youth beloved by Venus. 

Aclras'tus, a king of Argos, and one of the 
seven chiefs in the Theban war. 

iE'acus, one of the infernal judges. 

/Egas'on, another name for Briareus. 

^Ege'ria. See Egcria. 

jEge'us, a king of Attica, who gave name to 
the iEgean Sea by drowning himself in it. 

^E'gis, the shield of Jupiter, which he cover- 
ed with the skin of the goat Amalthea. 
This shield was afterwards given by him 
to Pallas or Minerva. 

iEgis'thus, a king of Argos, who married 
Clytsemnestra, having first murdered her 
husband, Agamemnon. See Orestes. 

iEg'le, the most beautiful of the Naiads. — 
Also, the name of several nymphs. 

^Egyp'tus, a son of Belus, whose fifty sons 
married the lifty daughters of his brother 
Danaus. See Danaides. 

/El'lo, one of the three Harpies. 

Moe'a,s, son of Anchisesand Venus, the hero 
of the ^Eneid. 

^E'6lus, the god of the winds. 

>Eo'us, one of the four horses of the sun. 

^Es'chnie.i, a celebrated Athenian orator, the 
rival of Demosthenes. 

i^s'chylus, a celebrated tragic poet of Athens. 

yEscula'pius, the god of physic. 

^E'son, the father of Jason, restored to youth 
byMedea. 



Aoxb. From akron, the top, a summit. 



iEso'pus, the author or compiler of the cele- 
brated fables (^Esop's). He was a native 
of Phrygia, and originally a slave. 
^Ethio'pia,* an extensive country of Africa. 
iE'thon, one of the four horses of the sun. 
iEt'na, a mountain of Sicily, famous for its 
volcano, which, for upwards of 3,000 years, 
has, at intervals, thrown out fire. The 
ancient poets supposed that Jupiter had 
confined the giants under this mountain. 
In it also was said to be the forge of Vul- 
can, where his servants, the Cyclops, fabri- 
cated thunderbolts, &c. 
iEtnas'us, a title of Vulcan. 
Agame'des and Tropho'nius, two celebrated 
architects, who built the gate of the temple 
of Apollo at Dclphos. Having demanded 
of the god whatever gift was most advanta- 
geous for mortals to receive, they were, in 
eight days after, found dead in their bed. 
Agamem'non, king of Argos and Mycenae, the 
brother of Menelaus, and generalissimo of 
the Grecian forces at the siege of Troy. 
Aganip'pe, a fountain sacred to the Muses. 
Age'nor, a king of Phoenicia, the father of 
Cadmus ; hence Agenorldes, a patronymic 
of Cadmus, Perseus, &c. 
Agesila/us, a celebrated king of Sparta. 
Agla'ia, one of the Graces. 
A'jax, son of Telamon, one of the Grecian 
heroes at the siege of Troy, inferior only 
to Achilles. He killed himself, because 
the arms of Achilles were adjudged to 
Ulysses instead of to him. He was changed 
into a violet. There was another warrior 
of the same name at the siege of Troy, Ajax, 
son of Oileus. 
Al'bion, the island of Great Britain. 
Al'bis, a river in Germany, now the Elbe. 
Albu'nea, a grove and lake in Italy sacred 

to the Muses. 
Alcae'us, a lyric poet of Mitylene, in Lesbos. 

— Also, the grandfather of Hercules. 
Alces'tes or Alceste, the wife of Admetus, 
king of Thessaly, who voluntarily died in- 
stead other husband. 
Alcibi'adcs. an Athenian general, famous for 

his versatile and wayward genius. 
Alci'des, a title of Hercules. 
Alcin'ous, a king of Corcyra, who entertained 

Ulysses when he was shipwrecked. 
Alcip'pe, a daughter of Mars, beloved by 

Neptune. 
Alcmse'on, son of Amphiaraus and Eriphyle. 
Alcme'na, wife of Amphitryon, and mother 

of Hercules by Jupiter. 
Alcy'dne or Halcy'dne, daughter of Neptune, 
and wife of Ceyx, who, upon hearing of 
her husband's death, flung herself into the 
sea, and was changed into a kingfisher. 
The bird halcyon was fabled to breed upon 
the sea, during which periods a perfect 
calm prevailed. 
Alec'to, one of the three Furies. 
Alec'tryon, a favourite of Mars, but after- 
wards changed by him into a cock, for suf- 
fering him to be surprised with Venus by 
Vulcan. 

* Ethiopia. From aitho, to bum, and opt, tit* 



360 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



Alexandria, a celebrated city of Egypt, : 
founded by Alexander the Great. It is I 
now pronounced Alexandria. See rule 4. i 

Al'gidum, a town of Latium, now Aglio. 

Al'lia, a river of Italy, now the Aia. 

Alo'a, festivals at Athens iu honour of Ceres 
and Bacchus. 

Aldeus, the father of Otus and Ephialtes, the 
most powerful of the giants that warred 
against Jupiter. 

Aloidss, the sons of Aioeus. 

Alphe'nor, one of the sons of Niobe. 

Alphe'us, a famous hunter, turned by Diana 
into a river in Peloponnesus, for attempt- 
ing Arethusa's chastity. 

Amalthse'a, the goat that suckled Jupiter. 

Amaz'oni-s (Amazons), a nation of warlike 
women in Cappadocia, who cut off their 
right breast in order to shoot the better. 

Ambarva'lia, sacrifices to Ceres. 

Amil'car or Hamil'car, a great general of the 
Carthaginians, and father of Hannibal. 

Amnion or Hammon, the Libyan Jupiter. 

Ampbiara'us, a famous augur, son of Apollo, 
one of the seven chiefs in the Theban war. 
SeeEriphyle. 

Amphi'on, the son of Jupiter and Antiope, 
who raised the walls of Thebes by the music 
of hi3 lyre. He, and his brother Zethus, 
were said to be the inventors of music. 

Amphitrite, the wife of Neptune. 

Amphit'ryon, the husband of Alcmena. 

Anachar'sis, a famous Scythian philosopher. 

Anac'reon, a famous lyric poet of Greece. 

Ancas'us, one of the Argonauts. 

Anchisi-s, the father of iEneas by Venus. 

Androm'ache, the wife of Hector. 

Andromeda, the daughter of Cepheus and 
Cassiopea, delivered by Perseus from ex- 
posure to a sea-monster, and afterwards 
changed into a constellation. 

Androphagi, a savage nation of Scythia; 
literally, man-eaters. 

Angli, a people of Germany, from whom the 
English derived their ancient name. 

4n'nibal or Hannibal, a celebrated Cartha- 
ginian general. 

Antss'us, a giant, son of Neptune and Tellus, 
killed by Hercules. As he received fresh 
strength as often as he touched his mother 
earth, Hercules lifted him up in the air, 
and thus strangled him. 

Ante'nor, a Trojan prince in the interest of 
the Greeks, by whose advice the wooden 
horse was made. 

An'teros, one of the names of Cupid. 

Anthropoph'agi (man-eaters), a people of 
Scythia who fed upon human flesh. 

An'tias the goddess of fortune, worshipped 
at Aniium in Italy. 

Antig'one, the daughter of CEdipus and Jo- 
casta, condemned by Creon to 1 e buried 
alive, for performing the funeral rites of 
her brother Polynices, contrary to his pro- 
clamation. 

Anti6pe, the mother of Amphion and Ze- 
thus by Jupiter. 

Anu'bis, an Egyptian god, represented with 
the head of a dog. 

Aon'ides, the Muses, from Aonia, the an- 
cieut or poetical name of Boeotia. 



ApeTles, a celebrated painter of Cos, who 
lived in the time of Alexander the Great. 

Aphrodite, the Greek name of Venus, as 
sprung from the foam of the sea (aphros). 

Apic"ius, a notorious glutton of Rome. 

A'pis, an Egyptian god, worshipped under 
the form of an ox, in token of his having 
taught them the art of husbandry. 

Apol'lo, the son of Jupiter and Latona, and 
the god of music, poetry, physic, and divi- 
nation. The worship of Apollo was widely 
extended. He had temples and statues 
in almost every country. His most famous 
temples were at Delphi, Delos, Tenedos, 
Cyrrha, and Patara. 

Ap'pius Clau'dius, an oppressive and infam- 
ous decemvir of Rome, who attempted the 
virtue of Virginia, but her father Vir- 
ginius, to preserve her chastity, slew her. 

Apule'ius, a learned writer under the Anto- 
nines. 

Aqua'rius, the waterman ; the eleventh sign 
of the zodiac, into which Ganymede is said 
to have been changed. 

Ara'bia, a large country of Asia. 

Arach'ne, a Lydian girl, changed into a spi- 
der by Minerva, for contending with her 
in spinning. 

Arca'dia, a pastoral country of Peloponnesus, 
sacred to Pan and Mercury. 

Archime'des, a celebrated geometrician of 
Syracuse. 

Archy'tas, a Pythagorean philosopher, astro- 
nomer, and geometrician. 

Arcit'enens, an epithet of Apollo. 

Arc'tos, the bear, a constellation. 

Areop'agus, the Hill of Mars at Athens, on 
which was the celebrated court of justice 
of the same name. 

Ar'eSj the Greek name of Mars. 

Arethu'sa, the daughter of Nereus and 
Doris, who, flying from the pursuit of 
Alpheus, was changed by Diana into a 
fountain in Sicily. 

Argo, the vessel in which the Argonauts sailed 
in quest of the Golden Fleece. See Jason. 

Ar'gonauts, the companions of Jason. 

Ar'gos, a city of Greece, sacred to Juno, and 
famous for its horses. 

Ar'gus, a monster with an hundred eyes. A 
son of Phrixus, and builder of the Argo. 

Ariad'ne, the daughter of Minos, king of 
Crete, who explained to Theseus the wind- 
ings of the Labyrinth; but being deserted 
by him, was married to Bacchus, and 
made his priestess. 

A'ries, the ram, the first sign of the zodiac. 

Arion, a celebrated lyric poet and musician 
of Lesbos, who, when thrown overboard 
by the mariners on his voyage to Italy, 
was carried on shore by dolphins which 
were charmed by the sweetness of his lyre. 

Aristse'us, son of Apollo and Cyrene, born in 
the deserts of Libya, brought up by the 
seasons, and fed upon nectar and am- 
brosia. He presided over flocks, herds, 
bees, &c. 

Aristar'chus, a celebrated grammarian and 
critic of Samos. He wrote above 800 com- 
mentaries on different authors. 

Aristides, a celebrated Athenian, whose 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



361 



virtues and love of justice procured him 
the surname of the Jvst. 

Aristobu'lus, the name of some of the Jewish 
high-priests. It implies best in counsel. 

Aristogi'ton, the friend of Harmodius, who 
with him rescued Athens from the tyranny 
of Hipparchus and Hippias. 

Aristop'hanes, a celebrated comic poet of 
Athens, B. C. 434. 

Aristot'eles (Aristotle), a celebrated philo- 
sopher and logician of Stagira, pupil of 
Plato, and tutor of Alexander the Great. 
Most of his -writings are extant. 

Armor'ica, part of Gaul ; now Bretagne. 

Arsin'Oe, the mother of iEsculapius. 

Artaxerx'es, the name of three of the kings 
of Persia. 

Ar'temis, the Greek name of Diana. 

Arva'les, twelve priests called brethren, who 
officiated in the Ambarvalia. 

Ascal'aphus, the son of Acheron and Nox, 
changed into an owl by Ceres, for inform- 
ing riuto that Proserpine had eaten part 
of a pomegranate in hell, and thus pre- 
vented her return. 

As'calon, a town of Palestine, famous for 
its onions. Hence the word scallion. 

A sca'niu3, the on] y son of ^Eneas and Creusa ; 
called also lulus. 

A'sia, a daughter of Oceanus and Thetis, from 
whom the continent of Asia derives its 
name. 

Aso'pus, a king of Boeotia, changed into the 
river of the same name, for rebelling 
against Jupiter. 

Astar'te, the queen of heaven, a Syrian god- 
dess ; among the Greeks, Venus. 

Aster'ia, the daughter of Casus, changed into 
a quail as she fled from the addresses of 
Jupiter. 

Astras'a, the daughter of Jupiterand Themis, 
and goddess of justice. She was the last 
of the celestials who left the earth during 
the iron age. 

Asty'ages, the last king of Media. 

Asty'anax, the only son of Hector. 

Atalan'ta, an Arcadian princess, celebrated 
for her swiftness. She was so importuned 
by suitors, that in order to get rid of them, 
she proposed to accept the one who could 
outrun her. Hippomenes, by dropping 
golden apples, which she stooped to gather, 
overcame her in the race. 

A'te, the goddess of evil or mischief. She 
was the daughter of Jupiter, who banished 
her from heaven, and sent her to dwell on 
earth, where she is the cause of all the 
evils and discords which the gods send to 
mortals. 

Ath'amas. See Nephele and Ino. 

Athana'sius, a bishop of Alexandria, the 
great opponent of Arius, A.D. 373. 

Athe'na?, the ancient name of Athens. 

Athena'eum, a place at Athens dedicated to 
Athene jr Minerva, where the poets and 
philosophers declaimed and repeated their 
compositions. 

Athe'ne, the Greek name of Minerva* 

Atlan'tides, the seven daughters of Atlas 
and Pleione, converted intoa constellation. 
They were also called the Hesperides. 



Atlantis, an island opposite to Mount Atlas, 
which appears to have sunk into the 
Atlantic Ocean. 

Atlas, a king of Mauritania, changed into a 
mountain by Perseus, for his inhospitality. 
He was thus said to support the heavens on 
his shoulders. 

A'treus, a son of Pclops and Hippodamia, 
and father of Agamemnon and Menelaus. 
His brother Thycstes, debauched his wife 
JErope, because he had refused to take him 
as his colleague on the throne of Argos ; 
and Atreus, in revenge, had the two chil- 
dren of Thyestes and Mro^e murdered, 
and served up to the father at a banquet, 
at which sight the horses of the sun are 
said to have shrunk back with horror, and 
the day was broken off. 

At'ropos, one of the Fates, whose office was 
to cut the thread of life. 

Au'geas, one of the Argonauts, afterwards 
king of Ellis, whose stable of 3,000 oxen 
had not been cleansed for 30 years. It 
was one of the labours of Hercules to 
cleanse it in one day. 

Auro'ra, the goddess of the morning. 

Autol'ycus, a son of Mercury, noted for his 
thievery. 

Autom'edon, the charioteer of Achilles. 

Aver'nus, a lake in Campania, so called be- 
cause it was said no bird* could fly ove 
it on account of its sulphureous exhala- 
tions. The name has been transferred to 
a river in hell. 



BaVylon, the most celebrated city of an- 
tiquity. 

Bacchana'lia. feists in honour of Bacchus. 

Bacchan'tes, priestesses of Bacchus. 

Bacchus, the son of Jupiter and Semele, and 
the god of wine and drunkards. 

Bata'vi, the ancient name of Holland. 

Bat-ra-cho-my-o-mach'Ia, the battle of the 
frogs and mice, a mock heroic poem, at- 
tributed to Homer. 

Bau'cis, a poor old woman of Phrygia, wife 
of Philemon, who hospitably entertained 
Jupiter and Mercury, unawares. The gods 
were so pleased with their hospitality, that 
they metamorphosed their humble cottage 
into a magnificent temple, of which they 
were made priests. 

Beller'Ophon, the son of Glaucus and Eury- 
mede, who, with the aid of the horse Pe- 
gasus, destroyed the Chimaera. He un- 
derwent many hardships for refusing to 
listen to the solicitations of the wife of 
Proetus. His original name was Hippo- 
nous, which was changed into Bellerophon 
from his having killed Belle'rus, king of 
Corinth. 

Bello'na, the goddess of war. 

Be'lus, one of the ancient kings of Babylon, 
who, after his death, was worshipped as a 
god by the Babylonians and Assyrians. 
The temple of Belus was the most magni- 
ficent in the world. 

Berecyn'thia Ma'ter, a title of Cybele. 



* Averntts. 



From a, not, and ornis, a bird. 
R 



362 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY 



Bereni'ce, the mother of Ptolemy Philadel- 
phus, distinguished for her grt-at beauty. 

Ber'gion and Al'bion, two giants, sons of 
Neptune, who, when attempting to oppose 
Hercules when he crossed the Rhone, were 
killed with stones from heaven. 

Bi'ceps and Bi'frons, names of Janus. 

Bi'on, a Scythian philosopher. 

Bi'ton and Cleobis, sons of Cydippe, priest- 
ess of Juno at Argos, famous for their filial 
affection. Their mother haTing entreated 
the goddess to reward the filial piety of 
her sons with the best gift that could be 
granted to mortals, they were found dead 
in their bed next morning. 

Blem'myes, a people of Africa, who, it was 
said, had no heads, but had their eyes and 
mouths in their breasts. 

Bceo'tia, a country of Greece, of which 
Thebes was the capital. The air was 
thick, and the inhabitants accounted 
stupid. It, however, produced Pindar, 
Hesiod, Plutarch, Epaminondas, and other 
eminent men. 

Bo'na De'a, the good goddess, a title of 
Cybele ; also of Fauna or Fatua, whose 
festival was celebrated by the Roman ma- 
trons during the night, males being care- 
fully excluded. 

Bo'nus Deem on, a title of Priapus. 

B&o'tes, a star near Ursa Major. See Icarius. 

Bo'reas, the north wind. 

Borys'thenes, the ancient name of the Volga. 

BosphSrus or Bosp'orus, two straits separat- 
ing Europe from Asia: the one called the 
Thraeian, and the other the Cimmerian 
Bosphorus ; now the straits of Constanti- 
nople and Caffa. 

Bria'reus, one of the hundred-handed giants 
that warred against Jupiter. 

Brise'is, daughter of a priest of Jupiter, 
given to Achilles upon the taking of Lyr- 
nessus, whose abduction caused his wrath 
with Agamemnon. 

Bron'tes, one of the Cyclops, the maker of 
Jupiter's thunder. 

Bucephalus, Alexander's horse, whose head 
resembled that of a bull. He suffered no 
person but his master to ride him, and 
he always knelt for him when he wished 
to mount. 

Busi'ris, a monstrous tyrant of Egypt, who 
fed his horses with human flesh. He was 
killed by Hercules. 

Byzan'tium, a town on the Thraeian Bospho- 
rus, the site of Constantinople. 



Cabali'nus Fons or Hippocre'ne, that is, 
the horse' s fountain, which Pegasus pro- 
duced on Mount Helicon, by striking the 
earth with his hoof. 

Ca'cus, the son of Vulcan and Medusa, a 
notorious robber destroyed by Hercules. 

Cad'mus, son of Age'nor, king of Phoenicia, 
the founder of Thebes, and the inventor of 
16 letters of the alphabet. See Thebes. 

Cadu'ceus, the wand of Mercury. 

Cas'nis, a Thessalian virgin, to whom Nep- 
tune gave the power of changing her sex. 



Cae'sar, a name given to the Julian family at 
Rome. The first twelve Roman emperora 
were distinguished by this surname. They 
Teigned in the following order : — Julius 
Caesar. Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Clau- 
dius, Nero, Galba, Otho, Viteliius, Ves- 
pasian, Titus, and Domitian. 

Caesare'a, a city of Cappadocia. There were 
several cities of this name, so called in 
honor of one or other of the Caesars. 

Caesa'rion, a son of Julius Caesar by Cleo- 
patra. 

Cala'bria, a country of Italy where Ennius 
the poet was born. 

Cal'chas, a celebrated soothsayer in the 
Grecian army, at the siege of Troy. 

Caledo'nia, the ancient name of Scotland. 

Calig'ula, fourth emperor of Rome, noted for 
his cruelty, crimes, and folly. 

Cal'Ie, a town of Portugal ; now Oporto. 

Calliope, the muse of heroic poetry; so 
named from her beautiful voice. 

Callir'rhoe, a daughter of Phocus, the Boeo- 
tian, celebrated for her beauty. — A foun- 
tain of Attica, famed for its nine springs. 

Cal'pe, a steep rock and mountain of Spain, 
one of the pillars of Hercules ; now Gib- 
raltar. See Abila. 

Calphur'nia, the fourth wife of Julius Caesar, 
who, the night before he was assassinated, 
dreamt that he was stabbed in her arms, 
and endeavoured in vain to prevent hiro. 
from going next day to the senate-house. 

Cal'ydon, a city of jEtolia, famous for tha 
hunt of the Calydonian boar. 

Calyp'so, a daughter of Atlas, who dwelt in 
the island of Ogygia or iEa. She enter- 
tained Ulysses when shipwrecked, and 
became enamoured of him. 

Camarina, a lake and town of Sicily, which 
was drained or removed contrary to the 
injunction of Apollo, and thus opened a 
way for the enemy to come and pillage the 
city. Hence the proverb, " Ne moveas 
Camarinam ;" that is, take care lest by 
removing one evil you bring on a greater. 

Camby'ses, the son and successor of Cyrus. 

Camil'la, a martial queen of the Volsci, 
famous for her swiftness. She opposed 
iEneas on his landing in Italy. 

Canal'] us, a celebrated Roman dictator ; 
called the second founder of Rome. 

Camce'nae, a name given to the Muses. 

Cam'pus Mar'tius, "the Field of Mars," 
where the Roman youth were taught their 
martial exercises. 

Cannae, a village of Apulia, near which 
Hannibal defeated the Roman consuls, 
and slew 40,000 of their army. 

Cano'pus, a city of Egypt, near one of the 
mouths of the Nile. 

Can'tabri, a fierce and warlike people in the 
north of Spain. 

Can'tium, the ancient name of Kent. 

Canu'lia, an incestuous Roman virgin, who 
killed herself by order of her father. 

Canu'sium, a town of Apulia; now Canosa. 

Cap'aneus, one of the seven chiefs against 
Thebes. He was destroyed by a thunder- 
bolt as a contemner of the gods. 

Capha'rSus, a lofty promontory of Euboea 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



363 



Capitoli'nus, an epithet of Jupiter, from his 

temple on tlie Capitol or Tarpeian Rock. 
Ca'prca?, an island on tlic coast of Campania, 
noted for the residence and debaucheries 
of Tiberius. 
Carac'taeus, a king of the ancient Britons. 
Ca'ria, a country of Asia Minor. 
Carmcn'ta, an Arcadian prophetess, mother 
of Evander ; so called from delivering her 
prophecies (carminibus\ in verse. She 
gave her name to the Porta Carmenlalis 
at Rome, which was afterwards called 
Scdera'ta, the accursed, from the 306 
Fabii going through it on their fatal ex- 
pedition. 

Cartha'go (Carthage), a celebrated city of 
Africa, long the rival of Rome. 

Car-tha-gin-i-en'-ses, the inhabitants of Car- 
tilage. 

Carya'tis, an epithet of Diana, from Caryce, 
a village of Laconia, where she had a 
temple. In architecture, Caryatides arc 
female figures employed as columns for 
support. Trlamunes arc male figures. 

Cas'ca, one of the assassins of Julius Ca?sar. 

Cassan'dra, a daughter of Priam and Hecuba, 
who, though possessing the gift of pro- 
phecy, was never believed. 

Cas'siopc or Cassiope'a, the wife of Cepheus, 
and mother of Androm'eda, who boasted 
herself to be fairer than the Nereides, and 
was punished by her daughter being ex- 
posed to a sea-monster. See Perseus. 

Cassitor'ides, "the tin islands;" supposed to 
be the Seilly Islands. 

Cas'sius, the friend of Brutus, and instigator 
of the murder of Ccesar. On his death, at 
Philippi, Brutus called him ( Ultttnus 
Romano' rum) " the last of the Romans." 

Casta'lia, a fountain of Parnassus, sacred to 
the Muses, who were thence called Cos- 
tal' ides. 

Castor and Pollux, twin brothers, the sons of 
Jupiter and Leda, between whom immor- 
tality was alternately shared, having been 
changed into the constellation Gemini, or 
the twins. See Pollux. 

Catanen'sis, an epithet of Ceres, from Caiana, 
a town of Sicily, near Mount jEtna. 

Ca'to, a surname of the Porcian family, of 
which there were several illustrious mem- 
bers, as Cato the Censor, and Cato Uti- 
censis, &c. 

Catullus, a lyric poet of Verona. 

Cau'casus, a lofty ridge of mountains be- 
tween the Euxine and Caspian seas. See 
Prometheus. 

Ce'crops, a native of Sais, in Lower Egvpt, 
who founded Athens, B.C. 155G. 

Celse'no, one of the Harpies. 

Celiac, the ancient Celts. 

Celtibe'ri, descendants of the Coltao in Spain. 

Centau'ri (Centaurs), the offspring of Ixion, 
a people of Thessaly, generally represent- 
ed as half man and half horse. 

Coph'ulus, the husband of Procris, beloved 
and carried off by Aurora. 

Ce'pheus, the father of Andromeda, and one 
of the Argonauts. 

Cer'berus, the three-headed dog of Tluto, 
that guarded the gates of hell. Accord- 



ing to Hesiod, lie had fifty heads : whilst 
Horace designates him as the hundred- 
headed monster (Bellua Ceniiceps i. The 
abduction of this monster from hell wa3 
one of the twelve labours of Hercules. 

Cerca'lia, festivals at Rome in honor of Ceres. 

Cc'rcs, the daughter of Saturn and Cybele, 
and the goddess of corn. She is said to 
have first taught mankind the art of till- 
ing the earth. She was worshipped first 
and principally at Eleusis in Attica; 
whence the term Eleusinian Mysteries. 
To reveal her mysteries was held infa- 
mous, and a crime deserving death. See 
Proserpine. Ceres is represented as a tall 
majestic woman, with yellow hair, wreath- 
ed with ears of corn. Her right hand is 
filled with ears of corn and poppies, and 
in her left, a torch, sickle, or sceptre. 

Ces'tus, the embroidered girdle of Venus. 

Ce'yx, the husband of Alcyone or Halcyonc. 

Chaldae'a, a country of Asia between the 
Euphrates and Tigris, near their junction. 

Cha'os, the confused mass of original ele- 
ments from which the universe was sup- 
posed to have been formed. 

Char'ites, the Greek name of the Graces. 

Cha'ron, the son of Erebus and Nox, and 
the ferryman of hell. His office was, to 
carry the souls of the departed over the 
Stygian lake, in his crazy wherry, from 
which he rudely and inexorably rejected 
all those whose funeral rites had not been 
performed. Such shades were doomed to 
wander for ICO years on its dreary shores, 
before they were carried over. 

Charyb'dis, a dangerous whirlpool on the 
coast of Sicily, opposite the no less dan- 
gerous rock called Scylla. The ancient 
mariners, in avoiding, too cautiously, the 
one danger, often ran into the other ; hence, 
the proverb. 

Chi'lo, a Spartan philosopher, one of the 
seven wise men of Greece. One of his 
maxims was, " Know thyself." 

Chimrc'ra, a monster inhabiting a mountain 
in Lycia, which was slain by Bellerophon. 
It was fabled to have the bead and neck 
of a lion, the body of a goat, and the tail 
of a dragon, and that it breathed or vomit- 
ed forth flames.* 

Chiron, a Centaur skilled in medicine, 
music, and archery. He was the precep- 
tor of Hercules, ^Esculapius, and Achilles, 
and was changed into the constellation 
Sasitta'rius. 

Chlo'ris, the same as the Latin Flora. 

Chryse'is, a daughter of Chryses, priest of 
Apollo, allotted to Agamemnon at the cap- 
ture of Lyrnessus. Her abduction caused 
the plague described in the beginning of 
the Iliad. 

Chrys'ostom, a bishop of Constantinople, 
celebrated for his eloquence. A.I). 407. 



* The explanation of this fable is eiisy. The upper 
part of the mountain was inhabited by lions, the 
middle by goats, and the lower parts b\ serpents; 
and the (lames were occasioned by ignited gas idl- 
ing from a cavity near tlie tap, Bellerophon made 
the mountain habitable, at;d thus ovoruame the Chi. 
tttara. 



364 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



Ci"cero, the great Roman orator. 
Cimbri, a warlike people of Germany. 
Cimme'rii, a people near the Palus Mseotis. 
Homer places them beyond the ocean, in 
a land of continual gloom, deprived of the 
splendour of the sun. 
Ci'mon, a celebrated Athenian general. 
Cincinna'tus, a celebrated Roman dictator, 

taken from the plough. 

Cin'yras, a king of Cyprus, father of Myrrha. 

Cir'ce, a celebrated enchantress, the sister of 

j3£etes, king of Colchis, and aunt to Medea. 

She changed the companions of Ulysses, 

who gave "way to voluptuous indulgence, 

into swine, but was compelled by him to 

restore them to their former shape. She 

■was said to have had an abode near the 

Circsean promontory ; whence its name. 

Circen'sian Games, games celebrated in the 

Circus at Rome, in honor of Neptune. 
Ci'ris, the name of Scylla, daughter of Nisus, 

when changed into a bird. 
Cir'rha a plain and harbour near Delphi, 

whence Apollo was called Cirrhceus. 
Cithffi'ron, a mountain of Boeotia, sacred to 
Jupiter and the Muses. On this moun- 
tain Actason was torn to pieces by his own 
dogs ; and here Hercules killed an im- 
mense lion. 
Cithseron'ides, the Muses. See Citheeron. 
Cle'obis. See Biton. 
Cli'o, the muse of history. 
Cloaci'na, a goddess at Rome who presided 
over the Cloacince, or receptacles of the 
ordure and filth of the city. 
Clo'tho, one of the three Fates. 
Clym'ene, the wife of Japetus, and mother 

of Atlas, Prometheus, and Pha'eton. 
Clytemnes'tra, the daughter of Tyndarus 
and Leda, and wife of Agamemnon, whom 
she rmirdered in conjunction with her 
paramour .Sgisthus. She was murdered 
by her son Orestes. 
Clyt'ia, a daughter of Oceanus and Tethys, 
beloved by Apollo, ami changed by him 
into the heliotrope, or sun-flower. 
Cnid'ia Venus, "the Cnidian Venus," the 
celebrated statue at Cnidus, in Caria. 
made by Praxiteles. 
Cocy'tus, a river of hell ; also, of Epirus. 
Co'drus, the last king of Athens. 
Coelus or U'ranus (the heaven), the most 
ancient of the gods, and father of Saturn, 
Oceanus, the Titans, &c. See Uranus. 
Cce'us, one of the Titans. 
Colchis, a country to the east of the Euxine, 
famous for the expedition of the Argo- 
nauts, and the birthplace of Medea and 
Circe. See Jason. 
Colos'sus, a celebrated statue at Rhodes, one 
of the seven wonders of the world. Ships j 
entering the harbour, passed in full sail | 
between its legs. 
Co'mus, the godof mirth and revelry. 
Con cor'dia, the goddess of peace and concord. 
Consen'tes, a name given by the Romans to j 
the Dii Majores, or twelve superior gods.* ! 

"•' Dii Major et. Jupiter, Neptune, Juno, Ceres, j 
Vesta, Apollo, Mara, Mercury, Minerva, Diana, 
Vonua, Yuloart. 



Corin'thus (Corinth), a celebrated city of 
Greece, on the Isthmus of the same name. 
It was noted for its wealth, and for the 
worship of Venus. 
Coriola'nus, the surname of the celebrated 
Caius Martius, from his victory over the 
Corioli. 
Cornuco'pia, "the horn of plenty." The 
horn of Amalthjea being accidentally 
broken off, Jupiter converted it into the 
Cornucopia, and placed herself with her 
two kids among the constellations, where 
they are still called Capella and Hcedi. 
Coryhan'tes, priests of Cybele. 
Cot'tus, one of the Titans, with 50 heads and 

100 hands. 
Cotyt'to, the goddess of impurity. 
Cre'on, a king of Corinth, whose daughter 
married Jason. He was tortured to death 
by Medea. — Also, a king of Thebes, bro- 
ther of Jocasta. 
Cre'ta, the ancient name of Crete ; famous 
for its hundred cities, and for the laws of 
its king Minos. 
Cre-u'sa, a daughter of Priam and Hecuba, 
and wife of /Eneas. — Also, a daughter of 
Creon, king of Corinth, who married Ja- 
son, and was killed by Medea with a poi- 
soned robe. — Also, the mother of Janus, 
by Apollo. 
Crce'sus, a king of Lydia, famed for his 

riches ; conquered by Cyrus. 
Cro'nos, the Greek name of Saturn. His 

festivals at Athens were called Cro'nia. 
Ctes'Iphon, an Athenian who proposed that a 
golden crown should be presented to Demos- 
thenes for his public services and virtues. 
Cu'mae, a city of Lower Italy, famous for the 

residence of the Cumcean Sibyl. 
Cupi'do (Cupid), the son of Mars and Venus, 

and the god of love. 
Cure'tes, certain Cretan priests. 
Cy'ane, a Sicilian nymph, changed into a 
fountain, because she endeavoured to pre- 
vent Pluto from carrying off Proserpine. 
Cyan'eae Insula;, two rugged islands near the 
mouth of the Euxine Sea, the same as 
"the blue Sympleg'ades." 
Cyb'ele, daughter of Coelus and Terra, wife of 
Saturn, and mother of the gods. She was 
known under various names, as Rhea, 
Ops, Magna Mater (the great mother), 
Berecynthia, Dindymo'ne, &c. She is 
usually represented with a crown of tur- 
rets on her head, in a chariot drawn by 
tame lions. She had a temple at Rome 
called Opertum, into which males were 
never admitted. Her priests were called 
Galli, Corybantes, &c, and drums and 
cymbals were used at her festivals. 
Cyc'lades,* a group of islands in the iEgean 

Sea, lying in a circle round Delos. 
Cyc!o'pes (the Cyclops),! giants, the work- 
men of Vulcan, who had only one eye in 
the middle of their forehead, which was 
large and circular. 
Cyc'nus, a friend of Phaeton, turned into a 
swan, for bewailing his death. 



* Cyclases is from TeuTdos, a circle. 

t Cyclopt U from kuklos, a circle and ops, the eye 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



365 



Cydip'pe, one of Cyrene's attendants. 

Cydo'nia, the ancient name of Crete. 

Cylle'ne, a mountain of Arcadia, the birth- 
place of Mercury ; whence his epithet 
Cyllenius. 

Cymoth'oe,* a sea-nymph, daughter of Ne- 
reus and Doris. 

Cynoceph'alus (dog's head), an epithet of 
Annubis. 

Cynosu'ra,f a nymph of Ida, in Crete, one of 
the nurses of Jupiter, who changed her 
into the constellation of Ursa Minor. 

Cyn'thus, a mountain of Delos ; whence 
Apollo was called Cynthius, and Diana, 
Cynthia. 

Cyparis'sus, a youth changed by Apollo into 
the cypress tree, for killing a favourite stag. 

Cyprus, a large island in the eastern part of 
the Mediterranean, sacred to Venus, whence 
her epithet Cyp'ria. 

Cyre'ne, the daughter of the river Peneus, 
who was carried off by Apollo to Libya or 
Africa, and gave her name to Cyre'ne. 

Cy'rus, king of Persia, surnamed the Great, 
the most celebrated monarch of antiquity. 

Cy'ta, a town of Colchis, the birthplace of 
Medea. 

Cythe'ra, an island near Laconia, in Pelo- 
ponnesus, sacred to Venus, who sprang 
from the sea near its coasts. 



Dac'tyli, priests of Cybele, on Mount Ida in 
Crete ; the same as the Cure'tes and Cory- 
bantes. 

Dzed'alus, a celebrated Athenian artist, who 
when confined in the Cretan labyrinth by 
Minos, made himself wings with feathers 
and wax, and flew to Cumse ; but Icarus 
his son was drowned in the Icarian Sea. 
He was the inventor of sails for ships, 
whence arose the fable. 

Dse'mon, a kind of spirits or genii, that pre- 
sided over the actions of man. 

Da'mon and Pyth'ias, Pythagorean philoso- 
phers of Sicily, famed for their mutual 
friendship. 

Damas'cus, an ancient and celebrated city of 
Syria. It existed in the days of Abraham. 

Dan'ae, the daughter of Acrisius, king of 
Argos, whom Jupiter visited in a golden 
shower. See Perseus. 

Dan'aus, a son of Belus, and king of Argos. 
He married his fifty daughters, the Dana'- 
ides, to the fifty sons of his brother Egyp- 
tus, and commanded them to put their 
husbands to death on the wedding night, 
because lie had been informed by an oracle 
that ho was to be killed by one of his sons 
in-law. Hypermnestra alone spared her 
husband. The Danaides, fur this crime, 
were doomed, in the infernal regions, to 
rill with water, from a deep well, vessels 
full of holes, from which the water ran 
out as soon as it was poured in. 



* Cymotlioe is from 7:uma,n wave, and tlico, to run. 

\ Cyosura. This term is usually applied to the 
pole st;ir, which is in the tail of Ursa Minor, or the 
Les-er Bear. It is derived from Jcuon, a dog, and 
vara, a tail. 



Dan^i, a name of the people of Argos, from 
Danaus ; the Greeks generally. 

Dana'ides, the fifty daughters of Danaus. 

Daph'ne, a nymph beloved by Apollo, and 
changed by him into a laurel. 

Dar'danus, a son of Jupiter and ElectTa, and 
the founder of Troy ; whence the Trojans 
were called Dardani, and the country 
Dardania. 

Darius, the name of three kings of Persia. 

Dau'lis, a city of Phocis, the scene of the 
tragic story of Procne and Philome'la. 

Dejani'ra, the daughter of CEneus, king of 
Calydon, wife of Hercules, and the inno- 
cent cause of his death. See Nessus. 

De'los, an island in the /Egean Sea, in the 
centre of the Cyc'lades, famous as the 
birthplace of Apollo and Diana. It is 
said to have derived its name from having 
suddenly emerged from the sea,* in order 
to afford Lato'na a place to bring forth 
Apollo and Diana, and that it was origi- 
nally a floating island. 

Del'phi, a city of Phocis, celebrated for a 
temple and oracle of Apollo. Delphi was 
considered by the ancients as the " navel" 
or centre of the earth. 

Delta, that part of Lower Egypt between 
the most eastern and western mouths of 
the Nile; so called from its resemblance 
to the Greek letter Delta, A- 

Dema'tria, a Spartan mother, who killed her 
son because he returned from battle with- 
out glory. 

Demos'thenes, the great Greek orator. 

Der'ceto, a goddess of Syria, represented in 
the form of a mermaid. 

Deuea'lion, a son of Prometheus, who mar- 
ried Pyrrha, the daughter of his uncle 
Epime'theus and Pando'ra. Deucalion 
and Pyrrha were alone preserved from the 
great deluge which destroyed mankind ; 
and they repeopled the earth by throwing 
stones behind them, which became respec- 
tively men and women. 

Diana, the daughter of Jupiter and Latona, 
and the sister of Apollo. She was the 
goddess of chastity, of hunting, and of 
woods and groves. Her most celebrated 
temple was at Eph'esns. She was wor- 
shipped as Luna in heaven, as Diana 
on earth, and as Hecate in hell. She is 
represented as a tall and beautiful virgin 
in a hunting dress, a bow in her hand, a 
quiver of arrows suspended across her 
shoulders, and her forehead ornamented 
with a .silver crescent. 

ftie'te, a mountain of Crete, in a cave on 
which Jupiter was nursed. 

Dido, queen of Carthage, who killed herself 
on being deserted byiEneas. 

Didynias'us, an epithet of Apol?o. 

Dies'piter, " the father of day," one of the 
epithets of Jupiter. 

Dii Majo'rum Gen'tium, the gods of the 
greater gentes or families, applied by the 
Romans to the superior deities. 

Dindyme'ne, an epithet of Cybele. 

Dk/'genes, a celebrated Cynic philosopher. 

* Delos is from de'los, manifest. 



see 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



Dioinc'des, tlie son of Tycleus, a distinguish- 
ed liero at the siege of Troy. — Also, a tyrant 
of Thrace, who fed his horses on human 
flesh. Pie was killed by Hercules. 

Dio'ne, the mother of Venus. 

Dionys'ius, a tyrant of Syracuse. 

Diony'sus, the Greek name of Bacchus. 

Diosen'ri, an epithet of Castor and Pollux, 

Dir'ce, a fountain at Thebes. 

Dirse, an epithet of the Furies. 

Dis, a title of Pinto. 

Discor'dia, the goddess of discord. 

Dithyrambi, hymns sung in honor of Dithy- 
rambus or Bacchus. 

Dodo'na, a city of Epirus, celebrated for an 
oracle of Jupiter, which was in a grove of 
oak trees. 

Do'ris, a sea-nymph, daughter of Oceanus 
and Tethys, and wife of Nereus. Their 
daughters were called Nereides. — Also, a 
country of Greece. 

Dra'co, an Athenian lawgiver. 

Druids (Druids), the priests of the Gauls 
and ancient Britons. 

Dry'ades* (Dryads), nymphs who presided 
over trees. 

Du'bris, the ancient name of Dover. 



E. 



Ebu'dse, the ancient name of the Hebrides. 

Echid'na, a monster — half woman, half ser- 
pent, the mother of Typhon, Cerberus, &c. 

Echi'on, one of the armed men who sprang 
from the dragon's teeth sown by Cadmus. 

Ec'ho, a daughter of Air and Telius, who 
pined away for love of Narcissus. 

Edo'ni, a people of Thrace. Edo'nus, the 
Thracian Bacchus ; Edo'nides, priestesses 
of Bacchus. 

Ege'ria, a nymph visited by Numa. 

Elee'tra, a daughter of Oceanus and Tethys, 
and wife of Atlas.— Also, the daughter of 
Agamemnon and Clytemnestra, who in- 
stigated her brother Orestes to revenge 
their father's death on their mother, and 
her paramour yEgisthus. 

Elec'tridcs, islands in the Adriatic, near the 
mouth of the Po, yielding amber. 

Elec'tryo, a son of Perseus and Andromeda, 
and father of Alcmena". 

Elele'us, an epithet of Bacchus. 

Eleu'sis, a town of Attica. See Ceres. 

E'lis, a district of Peloponnesus, celebrated 
for the Olympic games. 

Elyma'is, a country of Persia. 

Elys'ium, the abode of the blessed. 

Emped'ocles, a philosopher, poet, and his- 
torian of Sicily. 

Empu'sa, a phantom or demoniac appear- 
ance, sent by Hecate to terrify people. 

Eneel'adus, one of the Titans or giants that 
warred against heaven, supposed to be the 
same as Typho'eus. Having been struck 
down by Jupiter's thunderbolt, his half- 
burnt body was crushed under Mount 
JEtna, where, as often as he attempts to 
turn his weary side, the mountain sends 
forth flames and ashes. 



Dryades. From drus, an oak tree. 



Endym'ioD, a shepherd and astronomer of 
Caria, ',vho could command sleep at plea- 
sure. Pie was beloved by Luna. 

Eni'peus, a river of Thessaly, beloved by 
Tyro, a daughter of Salmoneus. 

En'nius, an ancient Latin poet. 

Ennoslgte'us ( ; ' the earth shaker"), Neptune. 

Enotocce'tffi, a people whose ears : : 

scribed as hanging down to their heels. 

Eny'o, the sister of Mars, and goddess of 
war ; put for war itself. 

E'os, the Greek name for Aurora. 

Epaminon'das, a Theban celebrated for his 
private virtues, patriotism, and military 
talents. 

Epaphrodi'tus, a freedman, punished with 
death for assisting Nero to kill himself. 

Ep'aphus, the son of Jupiter and Io, and 
founder of Memphis. 

Epe'us, the fabricator of the wooden or Trojan 
horse. 

Eph'esus, a celebrated city of Ionia, in Asia 
Minor. See Diana. 

Eph'etae, certain magistrates at Athens. 

Ephial'te3. See Otus and Aloidae. 

Eph'ori, five chief magistrates at Athens. 

Eph'yra, the ancient name of Corinth. 

Epicte'tus. a celebrated Stoic philosopher. 

Epicu'rus, a celebrated philosopher of Attica. 

Epidau'rus, a town of Argolis, in Pelopon- 
nesus, celebrated for the temple of iEseu- 
lapius. 

Epig'oni, " the descendants" of the seven 
chiefs who besieged Thebes. They resum- 
ed the war ten years after. 

Epimenldes, an epic poet of Crete. 

Epirce'theus, the son of Japetus, brother of 
Prometheus, and the father of Pyriha by 
Pandora. He was turned into an ape for 
opening Pandora's box. 

Epi'rus, a country of Greece. 

Epytldes, a patronymic of Periphas, son of 
Ep'ytus, king of Alba. 

Er'ato, the Muse of amatory poetry. 

Eratos'thenes, a celebrated philosopher and 
mathematician of Cyrene, who was called 
a second Plato. 

Eratos'tratus, an Ephesian, who, to perpetu- 
ate his name, set fire to the celebrated 
temple of Diana. 

Er'ebus, the son of Chaos and Nox. changed 
into a river in hell for aiding the Titans 
against Jupiter: also, put for hell. 

Erech'theus, a king of Athens to whom 3 
temple was raised. Erechthidce, his de- 
scendants : also, the Athenians. 

Erid'anus, a river of Italy, the same as the 
Padus, or Po. 

Erig'one, a daughter of Icarius, changed into 
a constellation. See Icarius. 

Erin'nys, Erin'nyes, a Fury, the Furies. 

Eriphy'le, the wife of Amphiaraus, who, 
being bribed by Pol yni'ces with a golden 
necklace, betrayed the retreat of her hus- 
band, who wished to avoid going to tha 
Theban war, because he foresaw that ho 
would fall there. He charged his son 
Alcmseon to murder his mother Eriphyle, 
as soon as the tidings of his death arrived. 

E'ris, the Greek name tor the goddess ©i 
discord. 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



367 



Erisich'thon, a Thessalian, who insulted 
Ceres by cutting down her groves, for 
■which she punished him with continual 
hunger. 

Eryman'thus, a mountain in Arcadia, fa- 
mous for the wild boar killed by Hercules. 

Eryci'na, an epithet of Venus. 

Erythi'a, an island in the Bay of Gades 
( Cadiz), on which Geryon kept his oxen. 

Esse'dones, a tribe of the Scythians. 

Et'e6cles and Polynices, the sons of CEdipus 
and Joeasta, celebrated for their mortal 
enmity to each other They perished by 
each other's hands. See Thebes. 

Etha'lion, one of the Tyrrhene sailors who 
were chanced into dolphins for carrying 
away Bacchus. 

Etrus'ci, the inhabitants of Etruria in Italy. 

Eubce'a, a largi island in the vEgean Sea. 

Eubu'lus, a rival of Demosthenes. 

Eucli'des (Euclid), a celebrated Greek ma- 
thematician. 

Eumen'ides, a name given to the Furies by 
way of euphemism or propitiation. The 
term implies " benevolent " 

fiumol'pidae, certain priests of Ceres. 

Euphe'nuis, a son of Neptune and Europa. 

Euphor'bus, son of Panthous, slain in the 
Trojan war. Pythagoras alleged that he 
had been Euphorbus, and pointed out, at 
first sight, his shield in the temple of Juno. 

Euphra'tes, a large and celebrated river of 
Mesopotamia. 

Enphros'yne, one of the three Graces. 

Eu'polis, a comic poet of Athens. . 

Euripides, a celebrated Grecian tragic poet. 

Euri'pus, a narrow strait separating the 
island of Euhcea from the mainland. 

Euro'pa, a daughter of Agenor, king of 
Phoenicia, whom Jupiter, having trans- 
formed himself into a bull, carried off 
through the sea into Crete. She gave her 
name to the continent of Europe. 

Euro'tas, a river of Laconia. 

Eu'rus, a wind blowing from the east. 

Eury'ale, one of the Gorgons. 

Eury'Slus, a Latin prince, the friend of 
Nisus, celebrated by Virgil. 

Euryd'lee, the wife of Orpheus, who, when 
flying from the importunities of Aristaeus, 
was bitten by a serpent, and died of the 
wound. Orpheus was so disconsolate for 
her loss, that he descended into the infer- 
nal regions to seek- her. Pluto, as the 
reward of his musical skill, granted her 
restoration, on condition of his not look- 
ing behind, till after they had passed the 
infernal gates. This he unfortunately did, 
and she vanished from his eyes. 

Euryl'ochus. the only companion of Ulysses 
not changed into a hog by Circe. 

Euryp'ylus, the son of Telcphus, and lover 
of Cassandra. 

Eurys'thuus, the son of Sthenelus, and king 
of Argos or Myeence, who, at the instiga- 
tion of Juno, compelled Hercules to under- 
take his severe and celebrated labours. See 
Hercules. 

Euryt'ion, a Centaur, whoso insolence to 
Hippodamia caused the quarrel between 
the Centaurs and Lapituas. 



Eu'rytus, the father of Iole, slain by Her- 
cules for not keeping faith with him. 

Euter'pe, the Muse who presides over music. 

Euxi'nus Pontus, the Euxine or Black Sea. 

Evad'ne, the wife of Capaneus, who, when 
he was struck by Jupiter with thunder, 
threw herself on his funeral pile, and 
perished in the flames. 

E'vius, an epithet of Bacchus. 



F. 



Fa'bii, a powerful family at Rome. 

Fa.'ma, the goddess of fame. 

Fa'ta, the Fates ; namely, Clotho, Lachesis, 
and AtrSpos. The first was said to attach 
the thread of life to the distaff; the second, 
to allot to each individual his portion ; 
and the third, to cut it off. 

Fau'ni, rustic deities presiding over the fields 
and woods. The offspring of Faunus. 

Fau'nus, the son of Picus, and the most 
ancient king of the Aborigines. 

Fau'stulus, the shepherd who brought up 
Romulus and Remus. 

Fera'lia, a festival in honor of the dead. 

Fere'trius, an epithet of Jupiter. 

Fero'nia, a goddess of woods and orchards. 

Fi'des, the goddess of faith. 

Flo'ra, the goddess of flowers. 

Fortuna, the goddess of fortune. 

Fortuna'tse In'sulas ("the happy islands"), 
supposed to be the Canary Isles. 

Furiae, the Furies or avenging goddesses, 
whose names were Alecta, Meg3?ra, and 
Tisiphdne. They are represented as aim- 
ed with snakes and scourges. 



Ga'dcs, Gadi'ra, now Cadiz. 

Gse'a, the Greek name of Tellus, or the Earth. 

Galan'this, a maid of Alcmena, changed into 
a weasel by Juno, on account of the assist- 
ance that she gave her mistress at the birth 
of Hercules. 

Galate'a, a sea-nymph, daughter of Nereus, 
passionately fond of Acis, a Sicilian shep- 
herd, for which his unsuccessful rival 
Polyphemus, the Cyclops, slew him. 

Gala'tia, a country of Asia Minor. 

Gale'nus (Galen), a celebrated physician. 

Galila/a. a country of Syria. 

Gallia (Gaul), the ancient name of France. 

Ganyme'des (Gan'ymede), a beautiful youth 
of Phrygia, son of Tros, who was carried 
off while hunting, by Jupiter's eagle, and 
made the cup-bearer of the gods. 

Gem'Ini, the twins. See Castor an&v-ollux. 

Genius, a spirit or demon that presided over 
the birth and life of every man. 

Genii, the plural of Genius. 

Gen'sSric, a famous Vandal prince. 

Ger'yon and Gerydnes, the offspring of Chry- 
saor and Callir'rhoe ; represented with 
three heads, and three bodies. Ho ruled 
in Spain (in Gades), and fed his oxen on 
human flesh. He was slain by Hercules. 

Gigan'tes, the Giants, offspring of Ccelus 
and Gaea, or the earth. They sprang 
from the blood of tho wound which Ccelus 



368 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



received from his son Saturn, and are re- 
presented as monstrous in size and ap- 
pearance — some of them having 50 heads, 
and 100 arms. The defeat of the Titans 
outraged them against Jupiter, whom they 
conspired to dethrone. Alarmed by their 
threats, he armed his son Hercules against 
them, who soon defeated them. Some of 
them were crushed under mountains, and 
others buried in the sea. See JEtna,. 

Glauco'pis, " the blue-eyed." an epithet of 
Minerva. 

Glau'cus, a fisherman changed into a sea-god. 
— Also, a Trojan warrior, who exchanged 
his golden armour for the brazen armour 
of Diomedes. 

Gnos'sus, a famous city of Crete. 

Gor'dius, a king of Phrygia, famous for tying 
the " Gordian knot," upon the untying ot 
which the empire of Asia was foretold to 
depend. Alexander the Great having 
tried in vain to untie it, cut it in two with 
his sword. 

Gor'gOnes, the three daughters of Phorcus 
and Ceto, named Stheno, Euryale, and 
Medusa. Their appearance was so mon- 
strous, and their aspect so terrible, that 
every one on whom they looked, was turn- 
ed into stone. See Perseus. 

Gradi'vus, an epithet of Mars. 

Gratis (the Graces), the three daughters of 
Jupiter and Juno (or Eurynome), named 
Agla'ia, Euphros'yne, and Thali'a. 

Grani'cus, a river in Bithynia. 

Gy'ges or Gy'es, a giant with 100 hands. See 
Gigantes. 



H. 



Ha'des,* the Greek name of Pluto : put also 

for the infernal regions. 
Ha?'mon, son of Creon, and lover of Antigono, 
Hae'mus, a lofty mountain between Thrace 

and Thessaly. 
Hale'sus, a son of Agamemnon, who, upon 

being driven from home, came to Italy, 

and founded Falisci. 
Hamadry'ades,! nymphs who lived and died 

with the particular tree to which each was 

attached. 
Hammon or Ammon, the J\i i ,ite". of Africa. 
Harmo'nia. See Hermione. 
Harmon'ides, a famous Trojan artist. 
Harpal'yce, a celebrated Thracian huntress. 
Harpoc'rates, the Egyptian god of silence. 
Harpy'iaj (the Harpies), three rapacious 

monsters, with the bodies of vultures and 

the faces of females. They were named 

Ael'lo, Celffi'no, and Ocyp'fite. 
He'be, the goddess of youth, and daughter 

of Juno. She was Jupiter's cup-bearer, 

and afterwards the wife of Hercules. 
He'brus, a celebrated river of Thrace. 
Heo'Sle, a poor old woman who entertained 

Theseus in his youth. 



• Hades. The term means darkness; from a, not, 
and eido, to see. 

t Hamadryades, From 7ja?na, together, and diiis, 
cm oak. 



Hec'ate (Hecate), a powerful goddess, called 
Luna in heaven, Diana on earth, and He- 
cate in hell. 

Hccatom'bcea,* a sacrifice of 100 oxen. 

Hector, the great Trojan hero, son of Priana 
and Hecuba. 

Hec'uba, the wife of Priam, king of Troy. 

Hel'ena, the daughter of Tyndarns and Leda, 
and wife of Menelaus. Her elopement 
with Paris was the cause of the siege cf 
Troy. She was the most beautiful womaa 
of her age. 

Hel'enus, a celebrated soothsayer, son of 
Priam and Hecuba. 

Hellce, the same as the constellation Ursu 
Minor; so called from its "moving round 
and round" the pol6. 

Hel'icon, a mountain of Bceotia, sacred to the 
Muses. 

Eeliop'tilis, "the city of the sun," in Egypt. 

Hel'le. See Phrixus. 

Hellespon'tus, "the sea of Helle," now the 
Dardanelles. 

Helve'tii, a people of Gaul ; in that part 
now called Switzerland. 
} Heptap'ylos, "seven-gated," an epithe* of 
the Boeotian Thebes. 

He/ra, the Greek name of Jiino. 

Heraele'a, the name of several towns built in 
honor of Hercules. 

Heracli'das, the descendants of Hercules. 

Heranli'tus, a celebrated Greek philosopher, 
who, from constantly deploring the follies, 
vices, and vicissitudes of mankind, was 
termed " the weeping philosopher," in 
contrast to Democ'ritus, "the laughing 
philosopher." 

HercuJa'neum, a town of Campania in Italy, 
which, with Pompeii, was swallowed up 
by an earthquake. See Heraclea. 

Her'cules, the son of Jupiter by Alcmena, 
I wife of Amphytrion ; famous for his 
strength, and his celebrated labours. 
Through the malignity of Juno, and the 
fatality of his birth, he was subjected to 
the power of Eurystheus, king of Argos, 
for twelve years. Having determined to 
bear with fortitude the hardships which 
his destiny imposed upon him, he, at the 
command of Eurystheus, performed the 
following labours. 1. He killed the Ne- 
maan lion, the offspring of the hundred- 
headed Typhon, and clothed himself with 
his skin. 2. He killed the Lernean hydra, 
a water-scrpent with 100 heads. When 
one of the heads of the monster was cut 
off, two others immediately sprang up in 
its place, which he ultimately prevented 
by applying a burning iron to the wounds. 
3. He brought alive to Eurystheus, after 
a year's chace, the golden-horned, and 
brazen-footed stag which frequented Mount 
Msenalus. This stag was of incredible 
swiftness, and was sacred to Diana, whom 
he appeased by pleading necessity and the 
will of the gods. 4. He brought alive the 
huge wild boar which ravaged the country 
of Erymanthus. Eurystheus was so trrri- 



* Becatomba:a. From hecaton, a hundred, and 
lous, an os. 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



369 



fied at the sight of the animal, that he hid 
himself for several days in his brazen cell. 

5. He cleansed in one day the Augean 
stables, in which 3,000 oxen had stood for 
30 years. This he effected by turning the 
river Alpheus or Peneus through them. 

6. He killed the Stymphalides birds 
■which infested the lake of Stymphalus in 
Arcadia, and fed upon human flesh. 7. 
He tamed, and brought to Mycens, a fa- 
mous wild bull, which ravaged the island 
of Crete. 8. He vanquished Diomede, 
tyrant of Thrace, who fed his horses on 
human flesh. 9. He brought the girdle 
of Hippolyte, the queen of the Amazons, 
having tirst had to subdue them. 10. He 
slew the monster Geryon, and brought 
away his oxen. 11. He brought away the 
golden apples from the garden of the Hes- 
perides, having first killed the wakeful 
dragon that guarded them. 12. He drag- 
ged up from the infernal regions, the 
three-headed dog Cerberus, after a severe 
struggle with Pluto. At the same time, he 
brought>away, but not without the consent 
of the infernal deities, Theseus and Pir- 
ith'ous. Besides the labours imposed upon 
him, Hercules performed many other ex- 
ploits. While an infant in his cradle, he 
strangled two serpents which Juno had 
sent to destroy him. He delivered Hesi- 
one, daughter of Laomedon, king of Troy, 
from a terrible sea-monster to which she 
was exposed. Pie eased Atlas for a day, 
by taking the heavens upon his shoulders. 
He successfully assisted Jupiter, when 
warred against by the giants; and freed 
the world from monsters and tyrants. 
After his death ho was received among 
the gods ; and Juno becoming reconciled 
to him, gave him her daughter Hebe in 
marriage. See Dejanira and Omphale. 

Her'mes, the Greek name of Mercury. 

Hermi'one or Harmonia, a daughter of Mars 
and Venus, and wife of Cadmus. Vuican 
to be revenged on Venus, presented Her- 
mione with a fatal necklace,* and a robe 
dyed in every species of crime. 

He'ro, a beautiful priestess of Venus at Scs- 
tos. beloved by Leander of Abydos, who 
used to swim over the Hellespont by night, 
to visit her. He having been unfortunately 
drowned in a tempestuous night, she flung 
herself into the sea, and shared his fate. 

Herod'otus, a celebrated Greek historian. 

Hesi'one, a daughter of Laomedon. See 
Hercules. 

Hesper'ides, the daughters of Hesperus, 
namely, yEgle, Areihusa, and Ilespere- 
thusa. They had a garden of golden 
apples, guarded by a sleepless dragon. 
See Hercules. 

Hippoc'rates, a celebrated physician of Cos. 

Hippocre'ne. See Pegasus. 

Hippodamia, the daughter of Adrastus, and 
wife of Pirithous. It was at her marriage 
that the battle of the Centaurs and Lapi- 
thae took place. — Also, the wife of Pclops. 

* This necldnce was lata! to the house of Amphi- 
araus. See Eriphyle. See also the note upon the 
Cadme'an family, page 375. 



Hippol'yte, a queen of the Amazons, con- 
quered by Hercules, and given by him to 
Theseus in marriage. 

Hippol'ytus, the son of Hippolyte by The- 
seus, famed for his virtue and misfortunes. 

Hippom'edon, one of the seven chiefs against 
Thebes. See Thebes. 

Hippom'enes. See Atalanta. 

Hippo'na, the goddess who presided over 
horses. 

Hispa'nia, the ancient name of Spain. 

Home'rus (Homer), the great Grecian poet. 

Ho'nor, worshipped as a goddess at Rome. 

Ho'raa, the Hours or Seasons, the daughters 
of Jupiter and Themis. 

Hora'tius (Horace), a celebrated Roman poet. 

Hospita'lis, an epithet of Jupiter as the pro- 
tector of strangers. 

Hyacin'thus, a beautiful Spartan boy, a fa- 
vorite of Apollo, who, having accidentally 
killed him with a quoit, changed his blood 
into the hyacinth. 

Hy'ades. the seven daughters of Atlas, who 
were changed by Jupiter into stars in the 
bead of Taurus. 

Hy'bla, a mountain in Sicily, famous for 
its honey. 

Hy'dra. See Hercules. 

Hyge'ia, the goddess of health. 

Hy'las, a beautiful youth, a favorite of Her- 
cules. He was lost during the Argonautic 
expedition, having fallen with his pitcher 
into the river ; whence the fable, that the 
river-nymphs being enamoured of him, had 
carried him off. He was anxiously sought 
after by Hercules. 

Hymena/us (Hymen), the son of Bacchus 
aud Venus, and the god of marriage. 

Hyperbo'rei, a people who lived very far 
to the north. 

Hyperi'on, a son of Ccelus and Terra. 

Hypermnes'tra. See Danaides. 

Hypsip'yle, a queen of Lemnos. 

Hyrca'num Ma're, now the Caspian Sea. 



Iac'chus, another form for Bacchus. 

Ia'na, Diana, among the ancient Latins. 

Ian'the, a beautiful Cretan girl. 

Iap'etus, another form of Japetus. 

Ia'pyx, a wind from Iapygia in Italy. 

Ibe'ri, a people of Iberia ; now Georgia. 

Ibe'rus, a river of Spain ; now the Ebro. 

Icarus, the son of Daedalus, who, flying too 
high, melted the wax of his wings, and feiJ 
into the Icarian Sea. 

Ica'rius, the father of Erigone, who was kill- 
ed by some shepherds to whom he had 
given wine, which they supposed to be 
poison. His daughter, who hanged her- 
self through grief for his death, was chang- 
ed into the constellation Virgo; his faith- 
ful dog Maera, into the star Canis ; and 
himself into Boo'tes. 

Icelos, a son of Morpheus, who could comfort 
himself into any shape or resemblance.* 

Ice'ni, a people of Britain. 

Ichor, the blood of the gods. 



Icelos. From eVcclos, like. 
K 3 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



Ichthyoph'agL a people of /Ethiopia ; lite- 
rally, }?$A*ea#er.s. 

I'da, a mountain in Crete, on which Jupiter 
was brought up. — Also, a mountain near 
Troy, on -which Cybele was -worshipped ; 
and the scene of ; ' the Judgment of Paris." 

Ida'lia, an epithet of Venus. 

Idom'eneus, a king of Crete. 

Igna'tius, a bishop and martyr. 

Il'ia. See Rhea Sylvia. 

Illas (the Iliad), Homer's celebrated poem; 
so called, because the subject is the siege 
of Troy or Ilium. See 11 us. 

Il'ione, the eldest daughter of Pz-iam. 

Illis'sus, a small river of Attica, sacred to 
the Muses. 

I'lus, the son of Tros who built the citadel 
of Troy, called Il'ium, or Il'ion, -which 
name -was afterwards extended to the city. 

Tn'achus, the founder of Argos, the oldest 
city of Greece. 

Indi"getes, native gods, or great men deified. 

I'no, a daughter of Cadmus ar.d Hermione, 
and the si cond wife of Athamas, king of 
Thebes, by whom she had two sons, Lear- 
chus and Melicerta. In a fit of madness, 
Athamas killed Learchus, upon which Ino 
fled with Melicerta in her arms ; and, 
throwing herself into the sea, tbey were 
changed into sea-deities ; she into Leu- 
cothoe, and her son into Palcemon. 

Ino'pus, a river of Delos. 

I'o, daughter of Inachus, metamorphosed by 
Jupiter into a row, to shield her from the 
persecution of Juno. 

Tola'us, a friend of Hercules. 

Pole, a daughter of Eurytus, king of (Ecba- 
lii, beloved by Hercules. Her father 
having promised her in marriage to any 
person who could overcome him or his 
sons in drawing the, bow, Hercules accept- 
ed the challenge, and came off victorious. 
Eurytus, however, failed to fulfil his en- 
gagement, which so enraged Hercules, 
tbat he killed him on the spot. 

Iph'icles. the twin brother of Hercules. 

Iphigeni'a, the daughter of Agamemnon, sa- 
crificed at Aulis to procure a favourable 
wind for the Grecian fleet. According to 
some, she was snatched away by Diana, 
and a stag substituted. 

Iphimedi'a. the wife of Aloe'us, and mother 
of the Alo'idee. 

Iphltus, ason of Eurytus, killed by Hercules. 

Irenseus, a bishop and martyr. A.D. 202. 

Ire'ne, one of the Horse, presiding over 
the maintenance of pence. 

I'ris, the messenger of Juno, changed into 
the rainbow. 

I'sis, an Egyptian goddess, wife of Osiris. 

Isme'ne, the sister of Antigone. 

Ister and Istrus, the ancient name of the I 
river Danube. 

tth'aca, an island in the Ionian Se3, famous 
as the abode of Ulysses. 

Ito'nus, a son of Deucaiion, the inventor of ■ 
the fusion of metals. 

Itu'na, a river of Britain : now the Eden. 

I'tys, the son of Tereus and Procne, mur- 
dered by his mother, and served up to his 
father at table. See Philomela. 



Ixi'bn. the father of the Centaurs, who, fei 
rivalling Jupiter, and slandering Juno, 
was fastened to a wheel in the infernal 
regions, which continually revolved over a 
river of fire. 

J. 

Ja'nus, a Roman deity, represented with 
two faces and heads. See Saturn. 

Jap'etus, the father of Prometheus. 

Ja'son, the son of JEson, and leader of the 
celebrated Argonautic expedition. The 
expedition of the Argonauts is one of the 
most celebrated events recorded in fabu- 
lous history. It was undertaken by Jason 
for the recovery of the Golden Fleece, 
which iEetes, king of Colchis, had taken 
possession of, after having murdered 
Phrixus; and all the heroes of the age, 
as Hercules, Theseus, Peleus. Telamon, 
Castor and Pollux, joined in it. Jason 
was led to undertake it, by the insidious 
offer of his uncle Pelias, who promised to 
restore to him his throne, which he had 
so long usurped, in case of his success. 
Pelias, however, was in hopes, from the 
great dangers attending it, that Jason 
would perish in the attempt. The verse] 
in which they embarked, and from which 
they derived their name, was called the 
Argo. It was the great wonder of the 
times, and was afterwards converted by 
the poets into a constellation. After many 
dangers and adventures, the heroes arriv- 
ed at Colchis, and demanded from /Setes- 
the Golden Fleece. iEetes explained to 
Jason that he could only obtain it on the 
following conditions : — He was to tame 
two buils which breathed flames, and had 
feet and horns of brass, and to plough 
with them a field sacred to Mars. After 
this he was to sow the ground with the 
teeth of a dragon, from which armed men 
would spring up, and attack with fury the 
plougher of the field. Having destroyed 
the armed men, he was next to kill a 
monstrous dragon that watched night and 
day at the foot of the tree on which the 
Golden Fleece was suspended. All these 
labours were to be performed in one day. 
Jason undertook them, and by the aid of 
Medea, the daughter of ^Eetcs, accom- 
plished them. She was a famous magi- 
cian, and becoming enamoured of Jason, 
she exerted herself in his behalf. He was 
preserved from the fiery breath of the 
bulls by an ointment which she gave him 
to apply to his person. Having ploughed 
the field with them, and sowed it with the 
dragon's teeth, he, by her advice, threw a 
stone among the armed men, upon which 
they turned their weapons against each 
ether, and fell by mutual slaughter. He 
then, by means of a potion with which she 
had provided him, put the dragon to sleep, 
and took from the tree the Golden Fleece, 
the great object of his voyage. Jason then 
set sail from Colchis, carrying off Medes 
with him, whom he married, and after man> 
disasters and adventures, arrived safely is 
his paternal kingdom. See Medea. 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



371 



Jocas'ta, the daughter of Creon, who mar- 
ried her own son (E dip us, both being igno- 
rant of their relationship. See (Edipus. 

Jorda'nes (the Jordan), a river of Judea. 

Jose'phus, a celebrated Jewish historian. 

Ju'ba, a king of Numidia. 

Juds'a, a famous country of Syria, 

Jugur'tha, a Numidian usurper. 

Juno, the daughter of Saturn, sister and wife 
of Jupiter, and queen of the gods. Argos 
and the island of Samos contended for the 
honor of her birthplace. Her worship 
was widely extended, and her temples 
numerous. As the founder of marriage 
she was called Pronuba; as the protec- 
tress of women in child-birth, Luci'na or 
Lucetia ; and as the patroness of the chas- 
tity of matrons, Matro'na. See Jupiter. 
Juno is represented as a majestic woman, 
seated upon a throne, with a sceptre in 
her hand, and a crown upon her head, on 
which danced the Hours and Graces. She 
also bore in her hand a pomegranate, a 
symbol of fruitfulness among the ancients ; 
and near her was placed her favorite bird, 
the peacock. She is also represented as 
riding through the air in a chariot drawn 
by peacocks, and attended by Iris (or the 
rainbow), and the Aurce (or air-nymphs). 

Ju'piter, the son of Saturn and Rhea, and 
the king of the gods. Saturn received 
the kingdom of the world from his elder 
brothers the Titans, on condition of his 
not bringing up any male children. He 
has therefore been represented as devour- 
ing his own children. But at the birth of 
Jupiter, Neptune, and Pluto, their mother, 
wishing to preserve them, gave Saturn in- 
stead, large stones wrapped up in swad- 
dling-clothes, which he swallowed without 
perceiving the deception. Jupiter was 
conveyed to a cave on Mount Ida in Crete, 
where he was fed upon the honey of bees, 
and the milk of the goat Amalthea. The 
Cretan priests ( Corybantes, Bactyli, &c), 
who were entrusted with his education, 
drowned his infantile cries with the noise 
of their cymbals and drums, lest Saturn 
should hear them. The Titans having dis- 
covered that Saturn had sons living, made 
war upon him, and having conquered him, 
imprisoned both him and Rhea. Jupiter, 
uniting with his brothers, attacked the 
Titans, and, having utterly defeated them, 
restored Saturn to his kingdom. Saturn 
becoming apprehensive of the power of his 
son, and unmindful of the obligation he 
owed him, conspired against his life. For 
this he was dethroned by Jupiter, and 
obliged to fly from his kingdom. Jupiter 
having possessed himself of his father's 
realms, became the supreme ruler of the 
universe. He divided his empire, how- 
ever, with his brothers. To Neptune he 
gave the dominion of the sea; to Pluto lie 
assigned the* infernal regions; while he 
reserved for his own rule the empire of 
heaven and the earth. The beginning of 
his reign was disturbed by the Giants whom 
the earth had produced to revenge the 
defeat of the Titaus. They attempted to 



scale the heavens, and seize upon the thun- 
derer ; but they were defeated in their 
impious attempts, and either precipitated 
into Tartarus, or buried under lofty moun- 
tains. In this war Hercules was of signal 
service to Jupiter. Jupiter being now free 
from all apprehension of danger, gave 
himself up to a life of pleasure and licen- 
tiousness ; and in order to gratify his pas- 
sion, he is represented as assuming all 
manner of shapes and disguises. He ap» 
piroached Leda in the form of a swan, 
Danae in a shower of gold, Alcmena in 
the form of her husband Amphitryon, and 
Europa he carried off in the form of a bull. 
The conduct of Jupiter led to great jeal- 
ousy on the part of Juno, who is repre- 
sented as frequently upbraiding him, and 
constantly persecuting her rivals and their 
children. The worship of Jupiter was uni- 
versal. He was the Belus of the Babylo- 
nians, the Osiris of the Egyptians, and the 
Amnion of the Africans. Jupiter is usu- 
ually represented as a majestic man, sit- 
ting on a golden or ivory throne, holding a 
sceptre in his right hand, and a thunder- 
holt in his left; while the eagle, with ex- 
panded wings, stands at his feet. Homer 
describes him with black eyebrows, and 
curling hair; his head surrounded with 
clouds, and shaking the heavens with his 
nod. There are several other representa- 
tions of Jupiter; as "the Olympian," the 
"iEgis-bearing," the " Dodoncean," and 
the " Capitoline" Jupiter. The Olympian 
Jupiter wears a mantle variegated with 
various flowers, and the eagle is perched 
upon the sceptre. The JEgis-beai ing Ju- 
piter wears his cegis on his left shoulder. 
The Dodoncean has a chaplet of oak 
leaves ; and the Capitoline holds the 
sceptre and a sacrificial bowl. The crown 
on his knee is the offering of a triumphing 
general. 



Lab'dacus, the father of Laius. 

Labyrin'thus, a celebrated building in Egypt, 
and also in Crete, from which, in conse- 
quence of its many winding and perplexing 
passages, it was almost impossible to escape. 
Hence the term labyrinth. See Theseus. 

Lacedse'mon, a son of Jupiter. 

Lach'esis, one of the three Fates. 

Laco'nia, a celebrated country of Greece, 

Laer'tes, the father of Ulysses. 

LEestryg'ones, a barbarous people of Sicily. 

La'ius, the father of GMipus. 

La'mias, certain monsters of Africa, with 
the faces and breasts of women, and the 
bodies of serpents. 

Laocoon, a priest of Apollo, who, while in 
the act of sacrificing, was killed, with his 
two sons, by two enormous serpents. See 
Virgil's highly poetical description of the 
death of Laocoon and his sons — Mn. ii. 200. 
The famous group of statuary called the 
Laocoon, has always been much admired 
for its expression of physical suffering, and 
mental anguish. It was discovered among 
the ruins of the baths of Titus. 



372 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



Laodami'a, the daughter of Bellerophon. 

Laodice'a, a city of Asia Minor. 

Laod'Ochus, a son of Antenor. 

Laom'edon, the son of litis, king of Troy. 

Laplthse, a people of Thessaly. See Cen- 
taurs, and also Pirith6us. 

La'res, household gods at Rome. 

Larvie, the Roman name for spectres and 
goblins. 

Luti'nus, a king of Latium. 

La Mum, an ancient country of Italy. 

Lato'ua, the mother of Apollo and Diana hy 
Jupiter. See Delos. 

Laver na, the goddess of thieves. 

Lavin'kv, the daughter of Latinus, aud wife 
of iEueas. 

Leander See Hero. 

Lear'chus, the son of Athamas and Ino. 

Le'da, the wife of Tyndarus, and mother of 
Helen. She was also the mother of Castor 
and Pollux by Jupiter. See Jupiter. 

Lcm'nos, au island in the iEgean Sea, sacred 
to Vuleaa. 

Lem'ures, iivenging goblins or evil spirits. 

Leon'Idas, <i celebrated Spartan king. 

Lerna, a lake in Argolis. See Hydra. 

Lesbos, an island in the /Egean Sea, famous 
for its wire and music. 

Le'the, the liver of oblivion in hell. 

I.eucoth'Se, a sea deity. See Ino. 

Lib'anus, a lofty mountain in Syria ; now 
called Lebanon. 

Liber,* a name of Bacchus. 

Liber'tas, the goddess of liberty. 

Libiti'na, the goddess of funerals. 

Lib'ya, a name of Africa. 

Li'chas, a servant of Hercules. 

Lilybffi'um, a promontory of Sicily. 

Li'nus, a son of Apollo and Terpsichore. 

Lip'ara, the largest of the vEolian isles. 

Liri'ope, one of the Oceanides, and mother 
of Nareissus. 

Londi'nurn (London), the capital of Britain. 

Lotopha^gi, "the lotus-eaters," a people of 
Africa. 

Lucia'nus (Lueian), a celebrated author. 

Lu'cifer, Venus when the morning star. 

Luci'na, an epithet of Juno and Diana when 
invoked by women in labour. 

Lucre'tia, a celebrated Roman lady. 

LucuPlus, a celebrated Roman general. 

Lugdu'nurn, the ancient name of Lyons. 

Lu'na, the moon ; Diana's name in heaven. 

Luperca'lia, festivals in honour of Pan. 

Lusita'nia, the ancient name of Portugal. 

Lyca'on, a king of Arcadia, changed into a 
wolf, because he killed, and served up at 
table, his grandson, to try Jupiter's divi- 
nity. His daughter Call isto was changed 
into the bear ( Ursa Major). 

Ly cia, a country of Asia Minor. 

Lycome'des, a king of the Island of Scyros. 

Ly'cSphron, a son of Periander, king of 
Corinth. 

Lycur'gus, the celebrated Spartan legislator. 

Lyd'ia, a kingdom of Asia Minor. 

Lynce'us, one of the Argonauts, celebrated 
for the keenness of his vision. 



* Liber. From liber, free ; because vine frees t 
mind from care. 



Lysi'machus, one of Alexander's generals. 
Lysip'pus, a famous statuary of Sicyon. 

M. 

Macha'on, a famous physician celebrated by 
Homer in the Iliad. 

Mse'nades,* the same as the Bacchae or 
Bacchantes. 

Masn'alus, a mountain in Arcadia. 

Mason'Ides, an epithet of Homer, from Mcb- 
onia in Lydia. — Also applied to the Muses. 

Mseo'tis Pa'lus, now the Sea of Asoph. 

Ma'gi, a religious sect among the eastern na- 
tions of the world, particularly in Persia. 
Zoroaster was their founder. 

Mag'nes, the discoverer of the rnagnet. 

Magonti'acum, the ancient name of Mcntz. 

Ma'ia, a daughter of Atlas and mother of 
Mercury. 

Ma'nes, the souls or shades of the dead. 

Ma'nia, a goddess presiding over the Mansi. 

Manto, the prophetic daughter of Tiresias, 
from whom Mantua derived its name. 

Mar'athon, a plain near Athens. 

Marcoman'ni, a people of Germany. 

Mareo'tis, a lake in Egypt. 

Ma'ro, a name of Virgil. 

Marpe'sia, a queen of the Amazons. 

Marpes'sa, a daughter of the Eve'mis. 

Mars, the son of Jupiter and Juno, and the 
god of war. This fierce divinity was held 
in special honor by the warlike Romans. In 
fact, they regarded him as the founder ot 
their race and dominion.! He had a dis- 
tinct college of priests at Rome, who had 
charge of the ancilia,%ox sacred shields. In 
the processions at his festivals they carried 
the ancilia, and sang hymns or verses in his 
praise, leaping and dancing ; whence their 
name, Salii.§ When Phraates, the Par- 
thian king, restored the prisoners and 
standards taken from Crassus, Augustus 
built and dedicated to him a celebrated 
temple, under the title of " Mars the 
avenger" ( Mars Ultor) ; and in the Cant- 
pus Martins the Roman youths perform- 
ed their military exercises. Mars is re- 
presented as a warrior, with a spear in his 
hand, and a helmet on his head. His 
aspect is fierce, and his frame muscular; 
and when he rides, his chariot is drawn 
by furious horses. Homer represents him 
as accompanied in the fight by his sister 
Contention or Discord, and his children 
Fright and Terror. Bellona, the goddess 
of war, prepares his chariot, and directs 
his horses. 



* Mcenadis. From mainomai, to be mad. 

f Romulus and Remus were said to be the sons of 
Mars by Ilia or Rhea Sylvia. 

$ Ancilia. The orb/in of the ancilia was as fol- 
lows : — A shield having been found, of a form till 
then unknown, was supposed to have fallen from 
heaven. The oracle was consulted, and the response 
was, that the empire of the world was destined for 
that city which preserve'! this shield. Upon this, 
Numa Ponrif ibus caused eleven shields to be made, 
so like it in all respects, th:it it could not be distin- 
guished from any of them, and deposited them in a 
college sacred to*Mnr«, appointing twelve priests to 
watch over them. The number of the priests was 
afterwards increased to twenty -four. 

§ Salii. From salio, to leap. 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



373 



Mar'syas, a satyr, -who, being defeated by 
Apollo in a trial of musical skill, was 
flayed alive for his insolence. 

Matro'na, a river of Gaul ; now the Marne. 

Mauritania, now Morocco and Fez. 
Mauso'lus, a king of Caria, whose tomb, 
erected by his wife Artemisia, was regard- 
ed as one of the seven wonders of the 
world. 

Mede'a, a celebrated sorceress, daughter of 
^Eftes, king of Colchis. Medea, affecting 
to be reconciled to the marriage of Creusa 
with Jason, presented her with a wedding 
garment, which she had no sooner put on 
than it burst into flames, and burned her 
to death. She then killed her two chil- 
dren in their father's presence, and to 
«scape his rage, flew off in a chariot drawn 
by winged dragons. See Jason, Absyrtus, 
'Eson, Pelias, and Creusa. 

Medu'sa. See Gorgons. 

Meg'Sra, the first wife of Hercules. 

Melea'ger, the swift son of CEneus and Al- 
thasa, famous for the hunting and slaying 
of the Calydonian boar. In this celebrat- 
ed hunt most of the heroes of the day en- 
gaged. To Atalanta, who had first wound- 
ed the boar, Meleagcr gave the skin and 
head. His mother's brothers, Toxeusand 
Flexippus, were enraged at the preference 
shown to Atalanta, and attempted to rob 
her of her present. In the fray, Meleager 
killed his uncles, which so enraged his 
mother that she threw the fatal billet in- 
to the fire on which his life depended. 
His two sisters were so disconsolate for 
his death, that Diana changed them into 
birds of the same name (Melea'gi'ides.) 

Meli.bce'a, a city of Magnesia in Thessaly, 
famous for dyeing wool. 

Melicer'ta, a son of Athamas and Ino, chang- 
ed into a sea-god by Neptune, whom Wh 
Greeks called Palsemon, and the Latins 
Portumnus. See Ino. 

Mellta, the ancient name of Malta. 

Melpom'cne, the Muse that presided over 
tragedy and lyric poetry. 

Mem'non, the son of Titho'nus and Aurora, 
and king of ^Ethiopia. He assisted Priam 
in the Trojan war, and was killed by 
Achilles. His statue (the Memnonium) 
near the Egyptian Thebes, was said to 
utter musical sounds when first struck by 
the beams of the rising sun. 

Mem'phis, a celebrated city of Egypt. 

Menalip'pe, an Amazon taken by Hercules. 

Menan'der, a comic poet of Athens. 

Menela'us, king of Sparta, brother of Aga- 
memnon, and husband of Helen. 

Me'ncs, the first king of Egypt. 

Menip'pus, a cynic philosopher of Phoenicia, 
who had originally been a slave. He was 
so much affected by his being constantly 
reproached with his low extraction, that 
he killed himself. 

Men'tor, the faithful friend of Ulvsses, and 
the tutor and guide of his son Telemachus. 

Mercu'rius (Mereury), the son of Jupiter and 
Maia, and the messenger of the gods. He 
was also the god of eloquence, and of mer- 
chandise or gain,, and was noted from his 



birth for his thievish propensities. Ho 
was born on Mount Cyllene, in Arcadia ; 
and soon after, having observed a tortoise 
on the grass, he cried out — " Now thou art 
dumb, but after thy death thy song shall 
be heard." He then killed it, and fitting 
the shell with seven strings, struck tbem 
with the ■plectrum, and sang the love of 
Jupiter and Maia, his own birth, &c. The 
lyre he afterwards gave to Apollo in ex- 
change for the caduceus or wand, entwin- 
ed with two snakes. He is always repre- 
sented with the caduceus in his hand, and 
with wings attached to his cap and san- 
dals. Mercury was also the conductor of 
the shades of the dead to the regions of 
Pluto. 

Mer'Oe, an island of ^Ethiopia. 

Mer'ope, one of the Atlan'tides. 

Mesopotamia, a country of Asia, between the 
rivers Tigris and Euphrates. 

Messe'ne, the capital of Messenia, a country 
of Peloponnesus. 

Mezen'tius, a king of the Tyrrhenians, ex- 
pelled by his subjects for his atrocious 
cruelties. One of his modes of torture 
was, to tie living men to dead bodies, face 
to face, and thus leave them to perish. 

Mi'das, a king of Phrygia, to whom Bacchus, 
on his solicitation, gave the power of turn- 
ing every thing he touched into gold. 
Apollo changed his ears into those of an 
ass, because he preferred Pan to him in a 
musical contest. Midas concealed his cars 
from his subjects; but his barber soon 
discovered the secret. Being afraid to 
divulge it, and yet unable to keep it, the 
barber dug a hole in the ground, and 
whispered into it — " Midas has the ears 
of an ass." He then filled up the hole ; 
but there sprang up from the spot a num- 
ber of reeds, which; as often as they were 
moved by the wind, repeated the fatal 
secret — " Midas has the ears of an ass." 

Milo, a wrestler of Crotona, famous for his 
strength. He was caught in the cleft of a 
tree which ho had rent asunder, and thus 
pressed to death. 

Mimner'mus, a Greek poet and musician. 

Minye'ides, the three daughters of Minyas, 
who, for contemning the rites of Bacchus, 
were changed into owls. 

Minerva, the goddess of wisdom, and the 
patroness of the arts. She sprang from 
Jupiter's brain, full grown, and armed 
with her a?gis. The cock, as emblematio 
of courage, and the owl, of meditation, 
were sacred to her. The olive tree was 
also sacred to her, from the circumstance 
of her having produced it when she con- 
tested with Neptune for the honor of giv- 
ing a name to the city of Athens. The 
gods having decided, that whichever of 
them produced a gift most serviceable to 
mankind should have the privilege, Nep- 
tune, by striking th? ground with his 
trident, produced a horse ; but the gods 
having considered the olive more useful, 
awarded the honor to Minerva, who called 
the city by her own name (Athe'ne). 
Minerva was also the patroness of female 



374 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



industry. Her most celebrated temple 
was the Parthenon at Athens. She was 
also called Pallas. Minerva is represent- 
ed as a beautiful and majestic-looking 
female, with a spear in her hand, and a 
helmet on her head. By her side is her 
cegis, embossed with the terrific head of 
the Gorgon Medusa, which turned every 
one that looked upon it into stone ; and 
near her is her favorite bird the owl. 
Minos, the son of Jupiter and Europa, and 
king of Crete. He was so celebrated for 
his laws, that he was made, after his death, 
one of the judges in the infernal regions. 
Minotau'rus (Min'otaur), a fabulous mon- 
ster, half man and half bull. 
Min'the, a daughter of Cocytus, changed by 

Proserpine into the herb mint. 
Minu'tia, a vestal virgin, buried alive. 
Mise'nus, a son of ^Eolus, and a famous 

trumpeter. 
Mithrida'tes, tkenameof several kingsof Pon- 
tus, the last of whom was called the Great. 
Mityle'ne, the capital of Lesbos. 
Mnemos'yne, the mother of the Muses, and 

the goddess of memory. 
Mo'mus, the god of mirth and raillery. 
Mo'na, the ancient British name of the Islo 

of Anglesey ; also of the Isle of Man. 
Mone'ta, an epithet of Juno. 
Mor'phcus, the son and minister of Somnus. 
Mors, the goddess of death. 
Mul'clber, an epithet of Vulcan. 
Musas'us, an ancient Greek poet. 
Musse (the Muses), the nine daughters of 
Jupiter and Mnemos'yne, who presided 
over poetry, music, and literature. Their 
rames are'Calli'ope, Clio, Erato, Euter'pe, 
Melpom'ene, Polyhym'nla, Terpsichore 
Thalia, and Qra'nia. 
Myc'ale, a famous sorceress. 
Myrmid'ones (the Myrmidons), the follow- 
ers of Achilles. 
Myrrha, the mother of Adonis ; changed 
into Myrrh. 



Nai'Sdcs (the Naiads), beautiful nymphs, who 
presided over rivers, fountains, &c. 

Ns'nia, the goddess of funerals at Rome. 

Na'is, one of the Oceanides. 

Napae'iE, nymphs presiding over hills and 
groves. 

Nau'plius, the father of Palamedes. 

Nax'os, one of the Cyclades. 

Neap'Qlis,* the ancient name of Naples. 

Ne'chos, a king of Egypt, who attempted to 
connect the Mediterranean with the Red 
Sea, in which attempt 12,000 men perished. 

Ncmee'a, a town of Argolis. Near it Her- 
cules killed the Nemean lion; and here 
were celebrated the Nemean games. 

Nem'esis, the avenging goddess. 

Neoptol'emuSjf a name given to Pyrrhus, 
the son of Achilles, because he came to 
Troy in the latter years of the war. 

Neph'ele, the first wife of Athamas, and tho 
mother of Phrixus and Helle. 

* Neapolis. From neos, new, and poll's, a city. 
f Nzoptolcmus. That is, the new or recent warrior. 



Neptu'nus (Neptune), the son of Saturn and 
Rhea, and tiie brother of Jupiter, Pluto, 
and Juno. He was the god of the sea, 
and with the exception of Jupiter, the 
most powerful of the heathen deities. 
Neptune's empire extended not only over 
the whole of the watery element, but he 
could also produce earthquakes — whence 
he was called " the earth-shaker" — and 
raise islands from the bottom of the sea, 
by a stroke of his trident. The worship 
of Neptune was widely extended over the 
heathen world. In Libya he was held 
in special veneration ; and the Isthmian 
games were celebrated in his honor. He 
was also specially worshipped at Taenarus, 
Sunium, and other maritime places. The 
horse was sacred to Neptune, from the 
circumstance of his having produced that 
animal by striking the ground with his 
trident, when he contested with Minerva 
the honor of giving a name to the city of 
Athens. Neptune is generally represent- 
ed with his trident in his hand, standing 
erect in a chariot formed of a vast shell, 
drawn by sea-horses or dolphins, and at- 
tended by sea-nymphs, and Tritons blow- 
ing their shells. His aspect is majestic, 
though expressive of impetuous fury, 
rather than of placid power. The wife ot 
Neptune was Amphitrite, the daughter of 
Nereus and Doris, and therefore one of the 
Nereids. The most celebrated of his sons 
were Triton, Phorcus, and Proteus. Tri- 
ton, who resembled a man in the upper 
part of his body, and a fish in the lower, 
blew a shell (concha), as trumpeter of his 
father. Proteus possessed the power of 
foretelling future events, and could turn 
himself into all manner of shapes ; and 
Phorcus was the father of the Gorgons. 
^reides (Nereids), sea nymphs, the fifty 

daughters of Nereus and Doris. 
Ne'reus, a sea-god, the son of Oceanus and 
Terra. Homer calls him the most ancient 
of the gods. 
Nes'sus, a Centaur whom Hercules shot with 
a poisoned arrow, for his conduct to De- 
janira, after he had carried her to the 
opposite bank of the river Eve'nus. In 
the pangs of death, Nessus, to be revenged 
upon Hercules gave Dejanira his bloody 
and empoisoned tunic, telling her that if 
ever her husband proved unfaithful, she 
had only to make him put it on, and it 
would reclaim him. Dejanira having be- 
come jealous of Iole, sent Hercules this 
tunic, which he had no sooner put on, 
than the poison penetrated his bones, and 
produced the most excruciating pains. 
Being unable to pull off the fatal tunic, or 
endure the torture it occasioned, he erect- 
ed a funeral pile, and laying himself on it, 
his friend Philoctetes, at his desire, set 
fire to it. For this service, he left Philoc- 
tetes his bow and poisoned arrows, which 
were afterwards declared to be necessary to 
the destruction of Troy. 
Nestor, king of Pylos, noted for his age, and 

is wisdom at the siege of Troy. 
Nin'yas, the son of Ninus, king of Assyria. 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



375 



Na'6be, the daughter of Tantalus, and wife 
of Amphion, whose children were slain 
by the arrows of Apollo and Diana, be- 
cause she proudly compared herself to 
Latona. She died of grief, and was turn- 
ed into a stone. 

Ni'sus, a king of Mcgara, whose yellow lock, 
on which depended the stability of his 
kingdom, was perfidiously cut off by his 
daughter Scylla. As he pursued her to 
punish her, he was changed into a hawk, 
and she into a lark — their enmity still 
continuing. 

Nom'ades, wandering tribes ; as the Tartars. 

No'tus, the south wind. 

Nox {night), the most ancient of the heathen 
deities, the daughter of Chaos, and sister 
of Erebus. 

Nu'ma Pompil'ius, the second king of Rome. 

Numid'ia, now the kingdom of Algiers. 

0. 

Ocean'ides. See Oceanus. 

Oce'anus, an ancient and powerful sea-god, 
the son of Ccelus and Terra, and husband 
of Tethys, by whom he had the nymphs 
called Oeeanides. 

Ocyp'etc,* one of the Harpies. 

Ocyr'rh5e,f a daughter of Chiron, the Cen- 
taur ; so called, because she was born on 
the banks of a rapid stream. 

Odys'seus, the Greek name of Ulysses. 

Od'ones, a people of Thrace. 

CEdipus, the son of Lai us, king of Thebes, 
and Jocasta. Laius having been informed 
by an oracle that he should be slain by 
his son, commanded a servant to expose 
him when an infant, on Mount Cithasron. 
The servant bored his feet, and suspended 
him to a tree ; in which condition he was 
found by a shepherd, who brought him 
up as his own child, calling him CEdipus, 
from the swelling of his feet. (Edipus 
eventually killed his father Laius, with- 
out knowing him; and having solved the 
riddie of the Sphinx, he married his mother 
Jocasta, neither of them being aware of 
their relationship. By Jocasta he had two 
sons, Eteocles and Polynices ; and two 
daughters, Antigone and Ismeno. On 
discovering that he was the murderer of 
his father, and the husband of his mother, 
he tore out his eyes, as unworthy of the 
light, and ran mad. In a grove at Colo'- 
nos, sacred to the Furies, he sacrificed 
himself, and Jocasta hung herself.* 

Og'yges, a son of Neptune, who first reigned 
in Bceotia, and was esteemed the most 
ancient of the Grecian kings. In his reign 
a great deluge occurred. 

Ogy"gia, the ancient name of Bceotia. — Also, 
the Island of Calypso. 

O-i'leus, the father of Ajax the Less. 



* Ocypete. From okus, swift, and petomai, to fly. 

t Ocyrrhoc. From okus, swift, and >eo, to flow. 

j The crimes ami misfortunes of this family have 
furnished the ancient Greek poets with favourite 
■objects for their tragedies; as the "Sphinx, <Edi- 
pua, Laius, a mi the Septem contra Thebes" by iEscu- 
lus; an "CEdipus," by Euripides; and "(Edipus 
Tyrannus, and (Edipus at Colonos," by Sophocles. 



Olym'pia, celebrated games iu honor of 
Jupiter Olympus. 

Olymp'ias (an Olympiad), the period of time 
that elapsed between the celebration of 
the Olympic games. 

Olympus, a mountain in Thessaly, celebrated 
as the residence of the gods. 

Om'phale, a queen of Lydia, of whom Her- 
cules was so enamoured, that in order to 
obtain her in marriage, he served her for 
three years, wearing female attire, and 
spinning. She is said to have corrected 
him with her sandal. 

Ophiu'chus,* a constellation representing 
Hercules (oriEsculapius) holdingaserpent. 

Ops, the same as Cybele and Rhea. 

Or'chamus, a king of Assyria, who buried 
his daughter alive for her connexion with 
the Sun. 

Or'cus, a poetical name for Pluto. 

Ore'ades (the Oreads), mountain-nymphs. 

Ores'tes, the son of Agamemnon and Cly- 
temnestra ; represented on the stage as 
driven mad by the Furies for having mur- 
dered his mother. See Clytemnestra. 

Or'giaf (orgies), feasts or revels in honor of 
Bacchus. 

Or'igen, a Greek writer celebrated for his 
piety and learning. He suffered martyr- 
dom in his 69th year. 

Ori'on, a mighty giant, and famous hunter, 
the favorite of Aurora. He was killed by 
a scorpion for attempting the chastity of 
Diana, and converted by Jupiter into a 
constellation. 

Orithyia, the mother of Zetes and Calais. 

Or'pheus, the son of Apollo, and of the 
" sweet-voiced" muse Calliope. Hi3 mu- 
sical skill was so great, that when he play- 
ed upon his lyre, rivers would stay theii 
course to listen to him. He also drew 
after him, enraptured by his strains,- trees, 
and wild beasts. When he descended 
to the infernal regions to seek Eurydice, 
" the king of hell was charmed with the 
melody of his strains ; the wheel of Ixion 
stopped ; the stone of Sisyphus stood still ; 
Tantalus forgot his perpetual thirst, and 
even the Furies relented." Orpheus was 
torn to pieces by the Msenades or Bac- 
chantes, for his dislike of women after the 
loss of his Eurydice. They threw his 
head into the Hebrus, which still articu- 
lated the source of his grief — Eurydice! 
Eurydice ! 

Ortyg'ia, the ancient name of Dclos. 

Osiris, an Egyptian deity, the husband of 
Isis. He was worshipped by the Egyp- 
tians under the form of an ox, with par- 
ticular marks, and was also called Apis. 

Os'sa, a lofty mountain in Thessaly, which 
the Giants, in their wars against the gods, 
placed upon Mount Pel ion, in order to 
enable them to scale the heavens. 

Ovid'ius (Ovid), a celebrated amatory Ro- 
man poet, the author of " the Metamor- 
phoses," and othor works. 



* Ophhtchus. From opJds, a serpent, and echo, to 
hold, 
t Orgia. From or'ge, fury 



376 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



Pacto'lus, a river in Lydia, in -which Midas 
bathed, and hence its golden sands. 

Pa'dus. See Eridanus. 

I'ae'an, an epithet of Apollo ; a song of praise 
or triumph, especially of Apollo. 

Palae'mon, a sea-deity. See Melicerta. 

Palame'des, the son of Nauplius, king of 
Eubosa, the discoverer of the feigned mad- 
ness of Ulysses. 

Pa'les, the goddess who presided over sheep- 
folds and pastures. 

Palla'dium, the statue of Pallas or Minerva, 
on the preservation of which the fate of 
Troy depended. 

Pallas, the Greek name of Minerva. 

Pan, the god of shepherds, represented with 
goats' feet and horns. The term panic 
is derived from his having inspired the 
enemy with sudden and groundless terror 
during the war of the Titans. 

Panathense'a, festivals in honor of Minerva. 

Pandi'on, a king of Athens, the father of 
Philomela and Procne. 

Pando'ra,* a woman whom Jupiter ordered 
Vulcan to form of clay, as a set-off against 
the man formed by Prometheus. She was 
called Pandora, because she was endow- 
ed by all the gods and goddesses with 
evert/ gift that could captivate the mind 
s>f man. Jupiter gave her a box containing 
all the evils of life, but with hope at the 
bottom. This box Pandora was ordered to 
present to her husband, and she was first 
sent to Prometheus. He, fearing some 
fraud, sent her away ; hut his brother 
Epimetheus,t being smitten with her 
charms, married her. She then presented 
him with the fatal box, which he having 
foolishly opened, all the evils that afflict 
mankind flew out. Hope alone remained 
at the bottom, affording some consolation 
to miserable mortals. 

Pan'Spc, one of the Nereids. 

Panor'mus, a town of Sicily ; now Palermo- 

Panthc'on, a celebrated temple at Rome, 
huilt in the reign of Augustus, and dedi- 
cated to all the gods. 

Pan'thoides, the son of Panthous. See Eu- 
phorbus. 

Pa'phos, a town of Cyprus, from which 
Venus was called the Paphian as well as 
Cyprian goddess. 

Parca?,± another name for the Fates. 

Par'is, a son of Priam, distinguished for his 
beauty. His abduction of Helen was the 
cause of the Trojan war. He was also 
called Alexander, and in his youth was a 
shepherd on Mount Ida. See Ida. 

Parme'nio, one of Alexander's generals. 

Parnas'sus, a mountain of Phocis, sacred to 
the Muses. It was called biceps, from its 
two peaks or summits. 

Pa'ros, one of the Cyclades, famous for its 
beautiful marble. 



* Pandora. From pan, every, and do'ron, a <*ift. 

f Epimetheus. According to "Horace, the " un- 
wiser son of Japhet." 

% Parcai. This term is usually derived by anti- 
pnrasis, from parco, to spare. But compare the 
meaning of the term Eumvaides. 



Parrha'sius, a famous painter of Ephesus. 

Par'thenon,* a celebrated temple at Athens e 
dedicated to Minerva. 

Parthen'Ope, a syren who drowned herself, 
because she failed to charm Ulysses with 
her strains. 

Pasiph'ae, the wife of Minos, king of Crete. 

Pat'mos, one of the Cyclades, to which the 
Romansgenerallyhanished their criminals. 

Patroc'les, the friend of Achilles, in whose 
armour he was slain hy Hector. 

Pe'gasus. tho winged horse which sprang 
from the blood of the Gorgon Medusa, a 
favorite of Apollo and the Muses. When 
Bellerophon attempted to fly to heaven on 
Pegasus, Jupiter, indignant at his pre- 
sumption, sent a gadfly to sting the horse. 
Bellerophon wa3 thrown from his horse: 
hut Pegasus, "spurning his earthly rider," 
continued his flight towards heaven, where 
he became a constellation. 

Pelas'gi, the most ancient inhabitants of 
Greece. 

Pe'leus. a king of Thessaly, who married 
the sea-goddess Thetis, by whom ho had 
Achilles. Peleus was the only mortal 
that ever married an immortal. 

Peli'des, the patronymic of Achilles. 

Pe'lias, the uncle of Jason, and the usurper 
of his kingdom. His daughters having 
requested Medea to restore him to youth, 
as she had done to the father of Jason, 
were directed by her to cut him in pieces 
as a preliminary. But when they had 
done as directed, Medea, wishing to avenge 
the injuries which her husband had re- 
ceived from him, refused to perform her 
promise. She had incited them to do this 
bloody deed, hy cutting up in their pre- 
sence an old ram, boiling it in a cauldron, 
and then changing it into a young lamb. 

Pe'lion, a mountain in Thessaly, celebrated 
for its " leafy forests." The Giants, in 
their war against Jupiter, placed Ossa 
upon the top of Pelion, in order to scale 
the heavens. 

Pei'la, a town in Macedonia, the hirthplaca 

of Alexander the Great. 
Peloponnesus, the " island of Pelops," who 

colonized it from Phrygia. 
Pe'lops, the son of Tantalus, king of Phry- 
gia. He was murdered by his father, and 
served up to the gods at a banquet, in 
order to test their divinity. All the gods 
turned away in disgust from the horrid 
repast, without tasting it, with the excep- 
tion of Ceres, who, being at the time ab- 
sorbed in melancholy for the loss of her 
daughter Proserpine, partook of one of the 
shoulders of Pelops, before she perceived 
the impious fraud. Pelops was restored 
to life by Jupiter, and his shoulder, which 
Ceres had eaten, was replaced hy one of 
ivory ; and Tantalus was flung into Tar- 
tarus, and signally punished. See Tan- 
talus. Pelops came to Greece, and having 
hecome enamoured of the beautiful Hip- 
podami'a, the daughter of CEnomaus, king 



* Parthenon. From partlienos, a virgin ; an epi- 
thet of .Minerva, as v\ ell as of Diana. 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



377 



of Pisa in Elis, he proposed for her in 
marriage. Her father, however, having 
been informed by an oracle that he should 
perish by the hands of his son-in-law, was 
opposed to her marriage ; and being most 
skilful in the art of chariot-driving, he 
devised the following plan of getting rid 
of her suitors : — He announced that he 
would give his daughter in marriage to the 
suitor who could overcome him in a cha- 
riot race, pi-ovided that the candidate 
would consent to be put to death in the 
event of his being defeated by him. Be- 
fore tho arrival of Pel ops in Greece, thir- 
teen suitors for the hand of Hippodamia 
had lost their lives. He, however, having 
bribed Myrtilus, the charioteer of CEno- 
maus, by the most tempting promises, to 
give his master a chariot that would break 
down in the race, entered the lists as & 
competitor. The chariot of (Enomaus, as" 
was exjjected, broke down, and he him- 
self was killed. Pelops in consequence, 
married Hippodamia, and became ulti- 
mately so powerful, that he gave his name 
to the whole peninsula of Greece, Pelopon- 
nesus, that is, the island of Pelops. In- 
stead of keeping his promise to Myrtilus, 
for the services he had rendered him, he 
precipitated him un wares into the sea. 
called after him Mare Myrto'um. 

Pelo'rus, a promontory of Sicily ; now called 
Cape Faro. 

PeDa'tes, small statues of household gods 
among the Romans. 

Penel'6pc, the affectionate and faithful wife 
of Ulysses. 

Pene'us, a river of Thessaly, on the banks of 
which Daphne was changed into a laurel. 

Penthesile'a, a queen of the Amazons, slain 
by Achilles. 

Pen'theus, a son of Echion, king of Thebes. 
He despised the orgies of Bacchus, and 
during their celebration he was torn in 
pieces by his mother Agave, and her sisters 
Ino and Autonoe. See Thebes. 

Perdic'cas, one of Alexander's generals. 

Per'gamus, the citadel of Troy. — Also, a city 
of Mysia, where parchment was first in- 
vented. 

Per'ieles, a celebrated Athenian. 

Peripatet'Ici (the Peripatetics), a sect of 
philosophers at Athens. 

Perseph'one, the Greek name of Proserpine. 

Persey/olis, a celebrated city of Persia. 

Per'seus, a celebrated hero, son of Jupiter 
and DanTie, who was shut up by her father 
Acrisius, in a brazen tower, because he 
had been informed by an oracle that he 
should perish by the hands of her son. 
Iri this tower, according to the fable, 
Jupiter visited her in the form of a shower 
of gold. No sooner was Perseus born, 
than he was, by the orders of Acrisius, 
enclosed in a chest with his mother, aad 
thrown into the sea. The benevolent sea- 
goddesses conducted the chest in safety to 
Seri'phus, one of the Cyclades, where it 
was found by Dictys, a fisherman, and 
brought to Polydectes, the king of the 
ialand, who received Danae and her son 



with great kindness, and afforded them 
shelter. Perseus having grown up, under- 
took to bring Polydectes the head of Me- 
dusa, the only one of the Gorgons that was 
mortal. Polydectes was in hopes that 
Perseus should, perish in the attempt ; for 
having conceived a violent passion for 
Danae, he was anxious to get her son out 
of the way. Minerva, however, was the 
chief instigator to this daring and danger- 
ous undertaking, because Medusa had pro- 
faned her sanctuary. Perseus, after great 
trouble, discovered the abode of the Gor- 
gons ; and having been furnished with the 
helmet of Pluto, which rendered him in- 
visible, the winged shoes, and harpe, or 
crooked sword of Mercury, and the a-gis or 
shield of Minerva, which reflected every 
object, he approached the monsters as they 
lay asleep. The countenances of the Gor- 
gons had the power of turning into stone 
every person that looked upon them. But 
as the aegis of Minerva reflected every 
object like a mirror, Perseus was enabled 
to cut off with Mercury's harpe the head 
of Medusa, without fixing his eyes upon 
it. The two sisters did not awake till the 
achievement was performed, and they 
found it impossible to avenge Medusa's 
death, because tho helmet of Pluto ren- 
dered Perseus invisible. From the drops 
of blood which fell from the head of Me- 
dusa, sprang the innumerable serpents of 
Libya ; Chrysaor, the father of Geryon, 
Echidna, and the Chimaera; and also the 
winged horse Pegasus, which flew off to 
Mount Helicon, and became a favorite of 
the Muses. Perseus having affixed tho 
head of Medusa to the aegis of Minerva, 
performed with it a great number of won- 
derful exploits. He converted Atlas, king 
of Mauritania, into the mountain of the 
same name, for refusing him shelter and 
hospitality when he was benighted; and 
he delivered Andromeda from the sea- 
monster to which she was exposed in con- 
sequence of the vanity of her mother. As 
the monster was about to devour Andro- 
meda, Perseus turned him into stone by 
showing him the head of Medusa. For 
this service, Cepheus gave his daughter 
Andromeda in marriage to Perseus ; but 
the ceremony was inteirupted by Phinens, 
her father's brother, to whom she had 
been previously betrothed. A fierce and 
bloody battle was the consequence, which 
Perseus at length decided, by converting, 
with the head of Medusa, his adversaries 
into stone, each in his particular attitude. 
Upon his return to Seriphus, he did the 
same to Polydectes, upon learning that he 
continued to molest his mother, and placed 
Dictys on the throne, the fisherman to 
whom he was originally indebted for his 
life. He then restored to Minerva her 
aegis, to Pluto his helmet, and to Mercury 
his winged sandals and falchion. Ho 
restored his grandfather Acrisius to his 
throne, from which he had been expel- 
led by Prcetus, his twin brother, but un- 
fortunately some time after, killed him 



378 



CLASSICAL, AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



accidentally -with the stroke of a quoit. 
Being depressed by this misfortune, Per- 
seus refused to return to Argos as heir to 
the kingdom, but exchanged it with Meg- 
apenthes, the son of Proems, for that of 
Tyrinthus, and the maritime coast of Ar- 
golis. Here he built Mycenae, and reigned 
several years ; but he never recovered from 
the melancholy produced in his mind by 
the slaying of Acrisius. After his death 
he -was changed into a constellation, with 
Andromeda, Cepheus, and Cassiopeia. 

Phae'acia, an island of the Ionian Sea, now 
Corcyra. The Phccacians, and their king 
Alcinous, were noted for their luxurious 
living and idleness. 

Phse'dra, the daughter of Minos, and wife of 
Theseus, who, having failed to corrupt by 
her solicitations her stepson, Hippolytus, 
accused him, and was tiie cause of his 
death. Having felt deep remorse for her 
crime, she confessed it. and hung herself. 

Pha'eton, a son of Phoebus or Sol, who so- 
licited his father to let him drive his cha- 
riot for one day ; but being unable to 
manage the horses, he set the world on 
fire, and was hurled by a thunderbolt from 
Jupiter into the Eridanus or Po. 

Phaetonti'ades, the sisters of Pliaeton. They 
were so inconsolable for his death, that 
Jupiter changed them into poplars, and 
their tears into amber. 

Phal'arus, a tyrant of Agrigentum. 

Phalu ron, a harbour of Athens. 

Pha'ros, a small island in the Bay of Alex- 
andria, famous for its watch-tower or light- 



Phe'neus, a lake in Arcadia, whose waters 
ware said to be poisonous in the night, 
but wholesome in the day time. 

Phidias, a famous Athenian statuary, who 
made the celebrated statue of Jupiter 
Olympus. 

Phile'mon, a Greek comic poet. 

Phile'tas, a gramn.arian and poet of Cos, 
who was so small and slender that it was 
said he always carried pieces of lead in his 
pockets, to prevent the wind from blowing 
him away. 

Philip'pi, a town of Macedonia, famous for 
two great battles that were fought near it. 

Philip'pus (Philip), king of Macedon, and 
father of Alexander the Great. 

Philocte'tes, one of the Argonauts, and the 
armour-bearer of Hercules. At his death, 
Hercules gave him his poisoned arrows, 
whicli were afterwards declared to be 
necessary for the capture of Troy. The 
adventures and sufferings of Philoctetes 
have been celebrated by Sophocles in one 
of his tragedies. 

Philome'ia, a daughter of Pandion, king of 
Athens, and sister of Procne, the wife of 
Tereus, king of Thrace. Tereus treated 
her with the greatest indignities, and then 
cut out her tongue. To be revenged upon 
Tereus, Procne murdered her son Itys, 
and served up his flesh to his father at 
table. Philomela was changed into a 
nightingale, Procne into a swallow, Tereus 
into a hawk, and Itys into a pheasant. 



Phi'neus, a son of Agenor or Neptune, de- 
livered by the Argonauts from the perse- 
secution of the Harpies. See Zetes. 

Phlegethon, a burning river of hell. 

Phleg'yas, a king of the Lapithss, and the 
father of Ixion. He was killed by Apollo, 
and punished in hell by being placed under 
a large stone which always seemed about 
to fall on his head. 

Phce'be, a name of Diana or Luna. 

Phcebus, a name of Apollo or Sol. 

Phor'cys or Phorcus, a sea-deity, the husband 
of Ceto, by whom he had the Gorgons. 

Phor'cydes,'the daughters of Fhorcys and 
Ceto, who had only a single eye and a 
tooth in common. 

Phrixus and IT -die, the children of Nephele 
by Athamas. Athamas having divorced 
Nephele, on pretence that she was subject 
to fits of madness, married Ino, by whom 
he had two children, Learchus and Meli- 
certa. Ino, jealous of the children of 
Nephele, because they would ascend the 
throne, in preference to her own, conspired 
to kill them. Phrixus, by the advice of 
his mother, fled with his sister to their re- 
lation jEetes. king of Colchis, taking with 
him a large portion of his father's trea- 
sures. According to the poets, they pro- 
ceeded through the air on the back of the 
ram with the Golden Fleece, whieh Nep- 
tune gave to Nephele. In flying over the 
sea, Helle's head becoming dizzy, she fell 
into it, and was drowned ; whence its 
name, Hellespont, that is, the Sea of 
Helle. Phrixus arrived safe at Colchis, 
where he sacrificed the ram on the altar of 
Jupiter Phrixhis, and gave the fleece to 
jEetes, who suspended it in the groTe of 
Mars, where it was guarded by bulls that 
breathed fire, and a dragon that never 
slept. See Jason. 

Pier ides, an epithet of the Muses, from 
Pieria, a district of Thessaly, where they 
were born. 

Pin'darus (Pindar), a celebrated lyric poet 
of Thebes. 

Pirae'us or Pirse'eus, a harbour of Athens. 

Pire'ne, a fountain at Corinth, sacred to the 
Muses. 

Pirith'ous, the son of Ixion, and king of 
the Lapithae. He was the intimate friend 
of Theseus, and the husband of Hippoda- 
mia, the daughter of Adrastus. To his 
marriage with her, the Centaurs as well as 
the gods were invited ; but Mars, feeling 
indignant at his name being omitted in 
the invitation, resolved to disturb the har- 
mony of the meeting. Eurythion, or Eu- 
rytion, one of the Centaurs, having grossly 
insulted Hippodamia, Pirithous, and his 
friends the Lapithae. (with Theseus, Her- 
cules, and Nestor,) resented his conduct; 
and in consequence a combat ensued be- 
tween them and the Centaurs generally, 
in which the latter were defeated. Th~ 
battle of the Centaurs and Lapithse has 
been much celebrated by the ancient poets 
and sculptors. See Theseus. 

Pisis'tratus, an Athenian, famous fcr bis 
valour, eloquence, and address. 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



379 



Plaiae'a, a town of Bceotia, famous for the 
great battle fought near it between the 
Persians and the Greeks. 

Pla'to. a celebrated philosopher of Athens. 

Plei'ades, a name given to the seven daugh- 
ters of Atlas, who were changed into a 
constellation. 

Plei'one, one of the Oeeanides. 

Plin'ius (Pliny), a celebrated natural philo- 
sopher, who perished by approaching Ve- 
suvius in its first known eruption, A.D. 
19. His sister's sun assumed his name, 
and was also distinguished for his talents, 
and esteemed for his character. He was 
called Pliny the younger. 

Plutarchus (Plutarch), a famous biographer. 

P'u'to, the god of the infernal regions. See 
lupiter. The principal event in the life 
of Pluto was his rape or abduction of 
Proserpine, for the purpose of making her 
his queen. All the goddesses had previ- 
ously refused to marry him, on account of 
the gloominess of his realms. Having seen 
Proserpine gathering flowers in the plains 
of Enna, in Sicily, he became enamoured 
of her, and carried her off in a chariot 
drawn by four horses, opening himself a 
passage through the earth, by striking it 
with his trident. Ceres immediately com- 
plained to Jupiter, who promised to re- 
store her daughter to her, provided that 
she had tasted nothing in the infernal re- 
gions. But as it appeared upon inquiry, 
that she had tasted a pomegranate, it was 
determined that she should reside six 
months with Pluto, and six months in 
heaven, alternately. Pluto is represented 
seated on a throne, surrounded with gloomy 
darkness. In his hand is a two-pronged 
fork, or a key, emblematical of the impos- 
sibility of returning from his dominions; 
and his head is wreathed with the flowers 
of the narcissus, or with funereal cypress. 
Near him are the Three Furies and the 
Three Fates. Sometimes he is represented 
in a. black chariot, drawn by black horses, 
with a helmet on his head, whh-h had the 
power of rendering him invisible. Pluto 
was particularly worshipped at Coronea, 
in Bceotia, and at Pylos in Mossenia. His 
victims were generally of a black color, 
as black sheep. Their blood was not re- 
ceived in vessels, but permitted to run 
down into a hole made for the purpose, as 
if to penetrate his realms. 

Plu'tus,* the god of wealth. 

Pollux. See Castor. They accompanied 
Jason in the Argonautic expedition, in 
which they distinguished themselves ; and 
they compelled Theseus and Pirithous to 
restore their sister Helen, whom they had 
carried off before her marriage with Mene- 
laus. At the marriage of LyncsEus and 
Idas, with the daughters of Leucippus, 
they became enamoured of the two brides, 
and carried them off. A contest ensued, 
in which Lyncacus was killed by Castor, 
and Castor by Idas. Pollux obtained leave 
from Jupiter to share his immortality with 



Plutut. From ploutos, wealth. 



his brother Castor, and to live and die for 
a day alternately. The two bright stars in 
the Gemini, or the constellation into which 
they were changed, never rise or set to- 
gether : but when one of them sinks below 
the horizon, the other is above it ; and 
vice versa. Hence, perhaps, the fable. 
Neptune was so much pleased with their 
brotherly love, that he gave them power to 
calm the winds and waves; and hence 
they were worshipped as the protectors of 
sailors, and persons travelling by sea. 
They were also called the Dioscuri, that 
is, the sons of Jupiter. Castor was fa- 
mous for his skill in horsemanship, and 
Pollux for the combat of the csestus. 
Poiyc'rates, a tyrant of Samos. 
Polyhym'nia, the Muse' that presided oveff 

singing and rhetoric. 
Polyni'ces. See Eteocles and CEdipus. 
Polyphe'mus, the son of Neptune and the 
sea-nymph Tho'osa, and the chief of the 
Cyclops. See note (|), page 384. 
Polyx'ena, a daughter of Priam and Hecuba, 
whom Achilles would have married, had 
he not been treacherously slain by Paris in 
the temple of Apollo. She was sacrificed 
on his tomb by his sun Pyrrhus, to ap- 
pease his manes. 
Pomo'na, the goddess of fruits and gardens. 
Pompe'ii. See Herculaneum. 
Pon'tus, a kingdom of Asia Minor. 
Pon'tus Euxi'nus, now the Black Sea. 
Portum'nus, a sea-deity who presided over 

ports or harbours. See Melicerta. 
Posi'don, the Greek name of Neptune. 
Pri'amus I Priam), the last king of Troy. 
Pria'pus, the god of fecundity among the 

Romans. He presided over gardens. 
Procne or Progne. See Philomela. 
Pro'cris, the wife of Cephalus, accidentally 

killed by his unerring dart. 
Procrus'tes,* a cruel robber of Attica, who 
used to lop off the limbs of his victims, if 
found too long for " his bed," and stretch 
them if found too short. See Theseus. 
Prome'theus, the son of Japetus, and bro- 
ther of Epimetheus and Atlas. He form- 
ed a man of clay, and animated him with 
fire, which, with the assistance of Minerva, 
he stole from heaven. For this daring 
impiety, Jupiter chained him to a rock on 
Mount Caucasus, and sent a vulture to 
prey perpetually upon his liver, which 
always grew again as soon as it was de- 
voured. From this torment he was de- 
livered by Hercules, who, when on his 
way to the garden of the Hesperides, shot 
the vulture, and released him from his 
bonds. Prometheus w r as venerated as the 
inventor of many useful arts, as the work- 
ing of metals, <kc. His name implies fore- 
thought, while that of his brother Epime- 
theus, "the unwiser son of Japhet," inx 
plies afterthought. See Pandora. 
Propon'tis, now the Sea of Marmora. 
Proser'pina (Proserpine). See Pluto. 
Pro'teus, a sea-god. See Neptune. 
Proto"gones, a famous painter of Rhodes. 



Procrustet. From prokrouo, to stretch violently. 



380 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



Psyche, a beautiful nymph beloved by Cupid. 
She is generally represented with the wings 
of a butterfly. 

Ptolemaa'us (Ptolemy), the name of a race 
or family of Egyptian kings. The term 
means warlike. 

Pygmee'i, a nation of dwarfs in India, who 
fought with the cranes. 

Py'lades, the faithful friend of Orestes. 

Pyr'amus and Thisbe, two lovers whose tra- 
gical fate is celebrated by Ovid. 

Pyr'rha, the wife of Deucalion. 

Pyr'rhus. a son of Achilles. 

Pythag'oras, a celebrated philosopher, born 
in Samo3. Having spent many years in 
Egypt, Chaldsa, and Greece, he settled in 
Crotona in Italy, and became the founder 
of a celebrated school of philosophy. He 
was the great teacher of the doctrine of 
metempsychosis, or the transmigration of 
the soul. 

Pytho or Py'thon, the name of the huge ser- 
pent which Juno raised up to persecute 
Latona. Apollo slew the monster with 
his arrows, and in honor of the victory, 
instituted the Pythian games. 

Q. 

Quinqua'tria, Roman festivals in honor of 
Minerva; so called from being celebrated 
on ihaffth day after the ides. 

Quirina'lia, feasts in honor of Romulus. 

Quiri'nus, the name of Romulus when deified. 

Quiri'tes, a name of the Roman people. 

R. 

Regi'na, " the queen," a title of Juno. 

Reg'ulus, a celebrated Roman consul. 

Re'mus, the brother of Romulus. 

Rha, the ancient name of the Volga. 

Rhadaman'thus, the son of Jupiter and Eu- 
ropa, who, on account of his justice and 
wisdom, was made one of the three judges 
of the infernal regions. 

Rhe'a, the same as Ops and Cybele. 

Rhe'a Syl'via, the mother of Romulus and 
Remus. She was also called Ilia. 

Rhenus, the ancient name of the Rhine. 

Rho'sus, a king of Thrace, whose horses 
were carried off by Dromedes and Ulysses, 
before they had fed upon the grass of the 
Trojan plain, or tasted the waters of the 
Xanthus. Had they done so, it was de- 
clared by an oracle, that Troy could not 
be taken by the Greeks. 

Rhod'anus, the ancient name of the Rhone. 

Rhod'ope. a mountain of Thrace. 

Ro'ma (Rome), the capital of the Roman 
empire, founded B.C. 753. 

Ros'cius, a celebrated Roman actor. 

Ru'bicon. a small river which separated Italy 
from Cisalpine Gaul; now Rugone, 



Sabfe'i, a people of Arabia Felix. 

Sabi'ni (the Sabines), an ancient people of 

Italy, who were incorporated with the 

Romans. 
Sabri'ua, the river Severn in England. 



Sagitta'rius, "the archer." See Chiron. 

Sa'is, a town of Egypt ; now Sa. 

Salmo'neus, a king of Elis, killed by Jupi- 
ter for imitating his thunder. 

Sa'mos, an island in the ^Egean Sea, the 
birthplace of Pythagoras. See Juno. 

Sap'pho, a native of Lesbos, famous for her 
poetic talents, and amorous disposition. 
Being slighted by her lover, she took what 
is called " the lover's leap." 

Sarpe'don, a son of Jupiter and Europa, 
killed by Patroclcs in the Trojan war. 

Saturnalia, feasts in honor of Saturn. These 
festivals were held in December, and du- 
ring their celebration, servants, and even 
slaves, were considered upon an equality 
with their masters, in commemoration of 
the Saturnian reign or Golden Age, in 
which all men, according to the poets, 
enjoyed liberty and happiness. 

Satur'nus (Saturn), the son of Ccelus and 
Terra, and the father of Jupiter, Juno, &c. 
See Jupiter. Having been banished from 
his realms by Jupiter, Saturn, according 
to the Roman tradition, fled to Italy, 
where he was kindly received by Janus, 
king of the Aborigenes. The district in 
which he settled was called Latium,* be- 
cause he took refuge in it from the ire of 
Jupiter, and sometimes Saturnia. Saturn 
was of so great use to Janus, in civilizing 
the rude inhabitants, in teaching them 
agriculture and the useful arts, and in in- 
stituting wise and equitable laevs, that he 
shared his kingdom with him ; and the 
people were so happy under their joint 
reign, that this period has been described 
by the poets as the Golden Age. When 
Saturn disappeared from the eanh, Janus 
instituted the Saturnalia in his honor. 
He also caused a medal to be struck in 
commemoration of his joint government 
with Saturn. This medal had on it a 
double head, or two faces ; and hence 
Janus has been called Biceps and Bi- 
frons-f Saturn isgenerally represented as 
an old man holding a scythe in his right 
hand, with a serpent which bites its own 
tail, as an emblem of time, and the revo- 
lution of the year. In his left hand he 
holds a child, which he raises up, as if 
about to devour it. Under this form he 
was called Cronos, which seems to be an- 
other form of the Greek word chronos, 
time. Hence the explanation of the fable, 
for time devours or consumes every thing. 

Sat'yri, rustic deities, the attendants of Bac- 
chus. They are represented with short 
horns, and goats' feet. 

Scamander, a river of Troas, between which 
and the river Simois, Troy is supposed to 
have been situated. Homer says that it 
was called Xanthus by the gods. 

* Latium. From lateo, to lie hid or concealed. 

f Janus was a deify peculiar to the Romans. Be- 
sides having two faces, he is represented with a key 
in his hand, as presiding over doors and gates; 
whence the terms jani and janu.ee. He also pre- 
sided over the month of January, as opening the 
year. Euma Pompilius erected a temple to him, 
which was open in time of war, and shut during 
peace. 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



38J 



Scyth'ia, a general name for the countries in 

the north of Asia and Europe. 
Scandina'via, the ancient name of that tract 
of country in Europe containing Norway, 
Sweden, Lapland, and Finland. 
Scyl'la, the daughter of Nisus, who betrayed 
his kingdom to Minos. See Nisus. — Also, 
a daughter of Phorcys, who became enam- 
oured of Glaucus ; but her rival Circe, hav- 
ing poisoned the waters in which she bath- 
ed, her body below the waist was changed 
into m'onstei'3 like dogs, that never cease 
barking. 

Sem'ele, a daughter of Cadmus, and the 
mother of Bacchus by Jupiter. Juno 
treacherously advised Semele to request 
Jupiter to visit her in all his majesty. 
The request was fatal to her, for as he ap- 
proached her in thunder and lightning, 
she was consumed by fire. 

Sele/ne, the Greek name of the moon. 

Seleu'cidas, kings of Syria, descendants of 
Seleucus, one of the generals of Alexander 
the Great. 

Sen'eca, a celebrated philosopher, put to 
death by Nero. 

Sera'pis, an Egyptian deity, the same, it is 
supposed, as Apis and Osiris. 

Seri'phus, an island in the jEgean Sea. 

Seve'rus, a Roman emperor. 

Sibyl'lae. certain women who were inspired 
to reveal the will of Jupiter, the most 
famous of whom were the Delphic and 
Cumaean Sibyls. They committed their 
prophecies to leaves, and the Sibylline 
Verses were preserved with great care at 
Rome. 

Si"cyon, an ancient city of Peloponnesus. 

Sige'um, a town and promontory of Troas, 
near which most of the battles between 
the Greeks and Trojans took place, and 
where Achilles, Patroclus, and Antiochus 
vere buried. 

Siie'nus, the nurse, preceptor, and companion 
of Bacchus. He is generally represented 
as a drunken, but inspired old man. 

Si'mOis, a river of Troas. See Scamander. 

Simon'Ides, a celebrated poet of Cos. 

Si'non, the person who treacherously per- 
suaded the Trojans to admit the wooden 
horse within their walls. 

Sirc'nes (the Sirens), sea-nymphs, who, by | 
the bewitching sweetness of their strains, 
drew mariners upon rocks, and thus de- 
stroyed them. 

Sis'yphus, a crafty robber who infested At- 
tica. He was killed by Theseus, and con- 
demned by Pluto to roil a large stone up 
a high hill, which, as soon as he got it to 
the top, always rebounded to the plain 
again. 

Soc'rates, a celebrated Greek philosopher. 

Sol, the sun, a name of Apollo. 

So'lon, one of the seven wise men of Greece, 
and the great Athenian legislator. 

Som'nus, the god of sleep. 

Soph'Ocles, a celebrated tragic poet of Athens. 

Sphinx, a monster resembling a virgin in the 
upper parts of the body, and a winged lion 
in the lower. Juno, ever hostile to the 
raco of Cadmus, seut this monster to in- 



fest the neighbourhood of Thcfjes. Hav- 
ing located herself in the neighbourhood, 
the Sphinx propounded enigmas or riddles 
to the inhabitants, and destroyed all those 
who were unable to explain them. As 
the oracle had declared that she would de- 
stroy herself in the event of any of her 
enigmas being explained, Creon promised 
his crown, and his sister Jocasta in mar- 
riage, to the person who should succeed in 
the attempt. CEdipus, who li2.d been at- 
tracted to Thebes by the offer of Creon, 
proceeded to the Sphinx. The enigma 
which she proposed to him was this : — 
" What animal is it that walks in the 
morning on four legs, at noon on two, and 
in the evening on three?" It is Man, 
replied CEdipus ; for in his infancy he 
creeps on his hands and feet ; in his man- 
hood he walks erect ; and in the evening 
of his life he supports himself with a staff. 
Upon this the monster threw herself from 
a precipice, and perished ; and CEdipus 
obtained the crown, and Jocasta in mar- 
riage. Ste CEdipus. 

Stagi'ra, a town on the borders of Mace- 
donia, the birthplace of Aristotle. 

Stentor, a Greek, who, according to Homer, 
could shout as loud as fifty men together. 

Ster'ope, one of the Pleiades. 

Srer'6pes, one of the Cyclops. 

Sthen'elus, the father of Eurystheus. 

Sto'ici, a celebrated sect of philosophers, 
founded by Zeno. 

Stra'bo, a celebrated geographer. 

Stron'gyle, one of the Lipari isles ; now 
called Stromboli. 

Stroph'ades, two islands in the Ionian Sea; 
so called from strophe, a turning, be- 
cause Zetes and Calais turned back here 
from their pursuit of the Harpies. 

Styx, a river of hell — an oath by which was 
inviolable, even by the gods. 

Su'nium, a promontory of Attica ; now Cape 
Colonna ; so called from some pillars of 
a temple still remaining. 

Sylva'nus, a god of the woods. 

Sy'rinx, a nymph of Arcadia, who, flying 
from Pan, was changed into a reed — the 
sound of which suggested to him the idea 
of the Pandean pipes. 

Syr'tes, two large banks of moving sand on 
the north coast of Africa. 



Ta"citus, a celebrated Roman historian. 

Tse'narus, a promontory of Laconia ; now 
Cape Matapan. 

Tame'sis, the river Thames. 

Tan'talus, a king of Phrygia, who, for mur- 
dering his son Pelops, and serving up his 
flesh to the gods at a banquet, was flung 
into Tartarus, and tormented with ever- 
lasting thirst, though immersed in water 
to the chin, and apparently within reach 
of a branch loaded with delicious and 
tempting fruit. As often as he attempt- 
ed to allay his burning thirst, the water 
• eceded from his parched lips, and the 
fruit from his eager grasp. See Pelops. 



382 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



Tar'tarus, the place of punishment in the 
infernal regions. See Ixion, Sisyphus, 
Tantalus, Danaides, Phlegyas, &e. 

Tel'ephus, a son of Hercules, and king of 
Mysia. Acliilles gave hini a wound with 
his spear, which would have proved mortal, 
had ho not cured it afterwards, by apply- 
ing to it the same weapon. 

Tel'lus. See. Terra. 

Tcm'pc, a delightful valley in Thessaly, the 
favourite retreat of the gods. 

Te'reus. See Philomela. 

Ter'minus. The god of boundaries. 

Terpsich'ore, the Muse that presided over 
dancing. 

Terra or Tellus. See Uranus. 

Te'thys, the wife of Oceanus. 

Tha'lcs, one of the seven wise men of Greece. 

Thali'a, the Muse that presided over comedy. 
— Als<>, one of the Graces. 

Thebrc (Thebes), two celebrated cities, oiie 
in Egypt, and the other in Bceotia. The 
former was distinguished by the epithet 
" hundred-gated," and the latter was call- 
ed the " seven-gated" Thebes. When 
Europa was carried off by Jupiter, her 
brother Cadmus was sent in search of her, 
and charged not to return without her. 
He came to Greece - , and having consult- 
ed the Delphic oracle, he was directed to 
build a city where he should see a heifer 
grazing. Having found the heifer, he sent 
his companions to fetch water from a well 
sacred to Mars, preparatory to a sacrifice ; 
hut they were all killed by a dragon that 
guarded the well. By the aid of Minerva 
Cadmus killed the dragon; and having, 
by the advice of the goddess, sowed the 
teeth of the monster in the earth, a crop 
of armed men suddenly sprang up, and 
furiously attacked each other. They all 
fell by mutual slaughter, except five. 
These, particularly Echion, to whom Cad- 
mus afterwards gave his daughter Agave 
in marriage, assisted him in the building 
of the city. The war against Thebes was 
the first instance of a league among the 
Grecian states. It was occasioned in con- 
sequence of a contest between EteOcles 
and Polyni'ces for the throne of Thebes. 
Upon the death of their father, they had 
agreed to share the throne between them, 
and to act as king, each for a year alter- 
nately ; but on the expiration of the first 
year, Eteoclcs refused to give up the crown 
to his younger brother, according to agree- 
ment. Upon this, Polyniees retired to 
Argos ; and having married Argia, the 
daughter of king Adrastus, he was en- 
abled by him to raise an army against his 
brother. In addition to Polyniees and 
Adrastus, five other chiefs joined in the ex- 
pedition ; namely, Tydeus, Amphiaraus, 
Parthenopssus, Capaneus, and Hippomc- 
don. Hence this has been called the war 
of (Scptem contra Thebes*) "the Seven 



* This is the title or yEsebylus' tragedy on this 
subject. The A uUgone of S> phoeles, the PhcemsscB of 
Euripides, and the Thcbaul of Statius, are ou the 
same subject. 



against Thebes." The brothers killed 
each other, and all the confederate chiefs 
were slain, except Adrastus, who owed his 
escape to the fleetness of his horse. Their 
sons, however, or, as they were called, the 
Epigoni or " descendants," renewed the 
war ten years after, which terminated in 
the capture and destruction of Thebes. 
Thebes, from its connexion with Cadmus 
and his ill-fated posterity,* has been the 
principal theatre of tragic events. Sec 
CEdipus. 

Them'is, the goddess of justice. 

Themis'tocles,acelebrated Athenian general. 

Thersi'tes, a low, vituperative Greek at the 
siege of Troy. 

The'seus, a celebrated Grecian hero, resem- 
bling Hercules in his character and achieve- 
ments. He was the son of M gens, king of 
Attica, and Mihra., daughter of Pittheus, 
king of Troezen (in Argolis). Theseus was 
born at Troezen : and vEgeus, who wished 
to conceal his birth from his nephews, the 
Pallantides, who expected to succeed to 
the throne of Athens, directed that he 
should remain there till he grew up, and 
that he should then be sent to Athens, 
girt with a particular sword, in order that 
he might be able to recognise him. In 
his way from Troezen to Athens, Theseus 
slew several notorious and cruel robbers ; 
such as Procrustes, Sciron, and Cercyon. 
Procrtistes used to lop oil' the limbs of his 
victims, if found too long for "his bed," 
and stretch them out to the length of it, 
if found too short. Sciron, after robbing 
travellers, used to throw them headlong 
from the highest rocks ; and Cercyon was 
in the habit of compelling strangers to 
wrestle with him, and of putting to death 
those whom he defeated. Theseus also 
slew several wild beasts which infested 
the country. He was well received at 
Athens, except by Medea, who, having 
been divorced from Jason, was then living 
with yEgeus. Jealous of his fame, and 
apprehensive of his power, she attempted 
to poison him at a banquet prepared for his 
entertainment. But ^Egeus having recog- 
nised the sword which, ho wore, was con- 
vinced that he was his son ; and Medea 
being frustrated in her design, mounted her 
flying chariot, and flew off through the air 
to Colchis. The Athenians were rejoiced 
to find that the benefactor of the state was 
the son of their king; but the Pallantides 
having conspired against the life of the 
prince, were put to death by him in re- 
turn. Theseus then attacked the famous 
bull of Marathon, whioh he took aiive, 
and sacrificed to Minerva, or the god of 
Delphi. He also slew Creon,t king 01 



* By ITermione or Hannonia, Cadmus had one 
son, Polydorus, and four daughters, Ino, Agave, An- 
tonoe, and Semele. Polydorus was the grandfather 
of Laius, the father of GEdipus. Ino was the mother 
of I.earchus and Melicerta; Agave, of Pentheus; 
Antonoe, of Actxon ; and Semele, of Bacchus. 

t Creon. After the death of Kteocles and Poly- 
niees, Creon, the brother of Jocasta.sureeeded to the 
throne of Thebes. See Antigone and Thebes. 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



383 



Thebes, for refusing to bury the Argives 
who had fallen in the war. His next 
great exploit was his freeing the country 
from the cruel tribute imposed upon it by 
Minos, king of Crete, because his son An- 
drogeos had been assassinated at the in- 
stigation of iEgeus, through jealousy of 
his skill in wrestling, which he had dis- 
played by defeating, at an Athenian fes- 
tival, every competitor that engaged with 
him. Minos having conquered tho Athe- 
nians, granted peace, only on the condition 
that seven youths, and seven virgins should 
be annually sent to Crete, to be devoured 
by the Minotaur. Among these youths, 
Theseus went to Crete, and having suc- 
ceeded in slaying the Minotaur, he escap- 
ed from the Labyrinth by means of a clue 
of thread with which Ariadne, the daugh- 
ter of Minos, had supplied him. Ariadne 
had fallen in love with Theseus, and she 
fled with him from Crete, but was desert- 
ed by him in the island of Naxos. The- 
seus had promised to put up white sails 
in the event of his success, which he for- 
got to do till too late ; for his father, upon 
descrying from the promontory of Sunium, 
tho vessel returning with black sails, con- 
cluded that his son had perished, and 
flung himself into the sea, which, from 
this circumstance, was called the JEgean 
Sea. Upon the death of his father, The- 
seus ascended the throne of Athens B.C. 
1234: and the improvements which he 
effected in the government and condition 
of Attica, belong to the department of 
authentic history. The other exploits in 
which Theseus took a part, are largely 
blended with fable ; as the Argonautic 
expedition ; the battle of the Centaurs and 
Lapithas ; the carrying off Helen, in con- 
junction with his friend PirithSus, and his 
descent with him into the infernal regions, 
for the purpose of carrying off Proserpine. 
For this criminal attempt Theseus was tied 
to a huge stone, and Pirithous to the re- 
volving wheel of his father, Ixion. From 
these punishments Hercules relieved them 
when he carried off Cerberus. Theseus is 
generally represented with a lion's skin 
and club, like Hercules ; and his temple 
at Athens served as an asylum for slaves 
flying from the cruelty of their masters. 

Thes'pis, the first tragic poet of Athens. 

Thrasybu'lus, a celebrated Athenian general. 

Thucydldes, a celebrated Greek historian. 

Thu'le, an island in the German Ocean, so 
remote that the ancients called it " Ul- 
tima Thule." (Supposed to be Iceland, 
or one of the Orkney or Shetland Isles.) 

Tire'sias, a celebrated Theban prophet. 

Tisiph'one, one of the Furies. 

Tita'nes (the Titans), the sons of Uranus and 
Gsea ; whence they were called " earth- 
born." There were six Titans; namely, 
Oceanus, Cceus, Crius, Hyperion, Japetus, 
and Cronos or Saturn ; and six Titan'i- 
des ; namely, Thia, the wife of Hyperion, 
Rhea, Themis, Mnemosyne, Phoebe the 
wife of Cceus, and Tethys tho wife of Oco- 
anus. See Jupiter. 



Titho'nus, a son of Laomedon, king of Troy, 
who was beloved by Aurora. He obtained 
immortality from the goddess ; but as he 
forgot to ask for a renewal of his youth 
and vigour, his life became a burden to 
him. He was changed into a grasshopper. 

Tit'yus, one of the Giants, who, because he 
insulted Latona, was slain by the arrows 
of her children, Apollo and Diana. He 
was placed in the infernal regions, where 
his body covered nine acres of ground, and 
vultures constantly kept gnawing at his 
liver, which always grew again as soon as 
it was devoured. 

Trachoni'tis, a district of Judea. 

Trina'eria, an ancient name of Sicily, from 
its " three promontories." 

Triptol'emus, a son of Celeus, king of Attica. 
Ceres taught him the art of agriculti?re, 
and sent him in her chnriot, to communi- 
cate it to the whole earth. 

Trismegistus ("thrice greatest"), an epithet 
of the Egyptian Hermes or Mercury. 

Tri'ton, a son of Neptune. See Neptune. 

Trium'viri, three absolute magistrates at 
Rome. 

Tro'ilus, a son of Priam, slain by Achilles. 

Troja (Troy), a celebrated city, the capital 
of Troas, a country of Pln-ygia, in Asia 
Minor. The siege of Troy, "which lasted 
ten years, is the subject of Homer's cele- 
brated poem, the Iliad. It was under- 
taken by the princes of Greece, under Ag- 
amemnon, to recover Helen, whom Paris, 
a son of Priam, had carried off from the 
house of her husband Menelaus. 

Tropho'nius, a Boeotian prophet, who deliv- 
ered his oracles in a cave, into which who- 
ever descended, came back grave and 
melancholy. Hence, it was said of melan- 
choly persons, that they had been in the 
cave of Trophonius. 

Tros, a king of Troy. See Ilus. 

Ty'deus, a son of GEneus, king of Calydon, 
and the father of Diomedes. Tydeus join- 
ed in the Argonautic expedition, the 
hunting of the Calydonian boar, and in the 
war of the " Seven against Thebes." 

Tyn'darus, the reputed father of Castor and 
Pollux, who were thence called Tyndar- 
idse. See Helen. 

Typho'eus or Typhon. See Enceladus. 



U. 



Ucal'egon, a Trojan, whose house was first 
set on fire by the Greeks, when they cap- 
tured the city. 

Ulys'ses, the son of Laertes, king of Ithaca 
and Dulichium. His enemies, however, 
said that he was the son of the crafty Sisy- 
phus ; and several acts of his life gave 
countenance to the statement. Ulysses waa 
distinguished in the Trojan war, more by 
his inventive genius, prudent counsels, and 
successful stratagems, than by valorous 
deeds, or heroic conduct. His ten years 
wandering, after the destruction of Troy, 
the adventures he met with, and the perils 
he encountered, are described by Homer, 
in his poom called the Odyssey. 



884 



CLASSICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. 



U'ranus, the same as Ccelus, the most an- 
cient of all the gods, and the husband of 
Gaea or Tellus.* Their children were the 
Titans, the Titanids, the Giants, and the 
Cyclops, Brontes, SterOpes, and Arges or 
Pyracmon.f 

V. 

Vacu'na, the goddess of leisure. 

Venus, the goddess of love and beauty. She 
was the daughter of Jupiter and the nymph 
Dione, according to Homer; but another 
fiction states that she was born of the froth 
of the sea, and hence she was called Aphro- 
dite. Her contest with Juno and Minerva 
was a remarkable event in her life, and 
most important in its consequences. The 
goddess of discord feeling indignant at 
not being invited to the marriage of Peleus 
and Thetis, threw into the assemhly of the 
gods and goddesses, a golden apple, hav- 
ing the words " Let it be given to the fair- 
est," inscribed upon it. The gods being 
unwilling to interfere in so delicate a mat- 
ter, referred the claimants to Paris for his 
decision, who was then a shepherd on 
Mount Ida. He was besieged with en- 
treaties and promises. Juno promised 
him a kingdom, Minerva, military Ziory, 
and Venus, that he should be the husband 
of the most beautiful woman in the world. 
The judgment of Paris was in favor of 
Venus, and the prize was accordingly 
awarded to her. Hence the unquenchable 
hatred of Juno against Paris and the Tro- 
jans, the abduction of Helen, and the ruin 
of Troy. The worship of Venus was al- 
most universal. At Cnidus, in Caria, she 
had a celebrated statue made by Praxite- 
les ; and at Cos there was a celebrated 
painting of her by Apelles, in which she 
was represented as emerging from the 
bosom of the sea. She was specially wor- 
shipped in Cyprus, Corinth, and Cythe'ra. 
She is frequently represented as dancing 
with the three Graces, and the nymphs. 
Sometimes she rides in a chariot drawn by 
swans, attended by winged Cupids, adorn- 
ed with quivers. The dove, the rose, and 
the myrtle, were considered sacred to her. 
See Vulcan. 

Vortum'nus, the god that presided over the 
spring and orchards. 

Vesta, a daughter of Saturn and Rhea or 
Ops, and the goddess of domestic life, to 
whom the heurthi. was sacred. Numa 



* Uranus. This term is another form of ouranos, 
heaven; and Gcea means the earth. 

t Cyclojjs. These Cyclops were the assistants of 
Vulcan, and are to he distinguished from the canni- 
bals of the same name, mentioned by Homer, of 
whom Polyphemus was the chief 

$ Vesta." from the Greek hestia a hearth. 



raised a tempie to Vesta, and instituted 
the order of Festal virgins, whose chief 
duty was to take charge of the sacred fire 
which was ever kept burning on her altar. 
Vesta is usually represented in the long 
flowing robe of the Roman matron, her 
veil thrown over her head, and a flambeau 
in her hand. 

Virgil'ius (Virgil), the great Roman poet. 

Virgin 'ia. See Appius Claudius. 

Vulca'nus (Vulcan), the god of fire, and the 
husband of Venus. According to Homer, 
he was the son of Jupiter and Juno ; but 
Hesiod states that he was the son of Juno 
alone. Jupiter kicked him out of heaven, 
either from being disgusted with his de- 
formity, or because he took the part of his 
mother Juno against him. He fell in the 
island of Lemnos, where he established 
his forge. He is also represented as re- 
siding in the Lipari islands, and in a cave 
under Mount /Etna. For having made 
the thunderbolts with which Jupiter laid 
prostrate the Giants when they attempted 
to scale the heavens, Venus was given to 
him in marriage. In forging the thunder- 
bolts, &c, he was assisted by the Cyclops, 
Steropes, Arges, and Brontes. As Vul- 
can was the god of fire, he presided over 
all the arts connected with the working of 
metals ; and of all works formed of gold, 
silver, or brass, which displayed peculiar 
skill and ingenuity, he was said to be the 
fabricator. Thus, by him were made the 
shield and armour of Achilles andiEneas, 
the sceptre of Agamemnon, the golden 
collar given to Hermione, the golden dogs 
which watched the house of Alcindus, 
and the urn which received the ashes of 
Achilles. Vulcan is usually represented 
at his forge. With one hand he poises 
his hammer in the air, and with the other 
he turns a thunderbolt on the anvil. 



Xan'thus, a river of Troas. See Scamander. 
Xantip'pe, the wife of the philosopher So- 
crates, a notorious scold. 



Ze'no. See Stoici. 

Zeph'yros (the zephyr), the west wind. 

Zetes and Calais, the sons of Orithyia and 

Boreas. They joined in the Argonautic 

expedition, and drove the Harpies from 

Thrace. See Strophades. 
Zethus, the twin brother of Amphion. 
Zeus, the Greek name of Jupiter. 
Zo'ilus, a critic who found fault with the 

poems of Homer. 
Zoroas'ter. See Magi. 



APPENDIX, 

CONTAINING 

ADDITIONAL WORDS AND PHRASES 

AND ALSO, 

A GEOGRAPHICAL PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY. 



As it is intended that this Dictionary shall contain every authorized 
word in the English language, care will he taken to insert in the next, 
and succeeding editions, any omissions that may be discovered; and 
also, all new words and phrases which the extension of knowledge and 
the intercourse of nations may render necessary. It is not to he ex- 
pected, however, that this little work either should or could contain 
every word in the language; nor is this the case even in our largest 
dictionaries. 

Generally speaking, the words which will not be found in it may be 
classed under the following heads: — 1. Obsolete words; 2. Technical 
and scientific terms ; 3. Words not in good use, or not sufficiently autho- 
rized; 4. Provincial or local terms, and colloquial expressions; 5. Words 
obviously compounded of other words, or formed by the addition of Pre- 
fixes and Affixes; 6. The mere inflections of other words, as the plural 
of nouns, the persons and tenses of verbs, and the degrees of adjectives. 
In every case, however, in which it has been considered necessary or 
useful, words from each of the above classes have been inserted, either 
in the body of the work or in the Appendix. 

As Prefixes and Affixes enter largely into the composition of 
English words, they have been fully explained in the Introduction to 
this Dictionary (page xlviii) ; and as they are arranged in alphabetical 
order, they can be easily referred to when information is required. 

The Inflections or changes to which English words are subject 
should also be known ; and as they are very few, and very simple, this 
can be easily done. We shall give the regular inflections here ; and the 
exceptions, which are not numerous, will be noted either in the Diction- 
ary or in the Appendix. 

1 . Nouns or substantives become plural by the addition of s to their 
singular form ; as book, books ; bookseller, booksellers. 

2. The degrees of adjectives are formed by adding to the original word 
er for the comparative, and est for the superlative; as great, greater, 
greatest. 

3. English verbs have but two tenses — the present and the past; and 
the latter is formed from the former by the addition of ed, as / learn, 
I learned; and the only changes in the persons are the following: — In 
the present tense the second person singular is formed by the addition of 
est, and the third person by s or eth ; as 1 learn, thou learnest, he learns 
or learneth. And in the past tense all the persons, in both numbers, are 
alike, except the second person singular, which takes st in addition to 
d; as / learned, thou learnedst. 



386 



APPENDIX. 



4. The participles of verbs are formed by adding ing for the present, 
and ed for the past or perfect ; as from learn are formed learning, and learned. 

The above constitute the regular inflections or variations of English 
words ; and as they are the same in all words of the same class, their 
insertion in a dictionary is unnecessary. But in affixing them to the 
original or radical word to which they belong, mistakes may be made 
even by persons of good education unless they know — 1. In what cases 
the final e of the original or radical word shoiild be cut off or omitted ; 
2. In what cases the final y should be changed into i; 3. In what cases 
the final consonant should be doubled. 

Under the head of "Practical Eules for Spelling," page xxxviil, all 
these cases are enumerated ; and to obviate every difficulty, we shall 
subjoin a complete list of the words which double their final consonant 
when they take an affix or termination beginning with a vowel. We 
shall also give here a list of the affixes or terminations, before which 
the final e of the original or radical word should be cut off or omitted. 

-able. -al. -ed. -ery. -eth. -ish. -ous. 

-acy. -ard. -en. -ess. -ible. -ity, -ure. 



-age. 



-al. 

-ard. 

-ary. 



These affixes or terminations include — 1. The inflections or endings of 
verbs, est, eth, and ed; 2. The participial terminations, big and ed; 
3. The comparative and superlative forms of adjectives, er and est ; 4. 
Large classes of words derived or formed from other words. Thus, for 
example, if the affix er be added to almost any verb, a noun is formed 
which denotes the agent or doer ; as from read is formed reader ; from 
write, writer; from sin, sinner; and from begin, beginner. In the first 
example, the general rule takes place, and in the three others the excep- 
tions. Nouns ending in ing formed from verbs are subject to the same 
ules ; as reading, writing, sinning, beginning. 

We shall add a few more examples in illustration of the rules and the 
exceptions, and conclude by referring the learner to page xxxviii for full 
information on the subject : — 

From drink is formed drinkable ; from palate, palatable ; from conspire, conspiracy ; 
from supreme, supremacy ; from band, bandage ; from bag, baggage ; from dote, dotage ; 
from arrive, arrival ; from commit, committal ; from drunk, drunkard ; from slug, slug- 
gard ; from brag, braggart ; from walk, "walked ; from love, loved ; from beg, begged ; 
from sweet, sweeten; from glad, gladden ; from grand, grander; from big, bigger; Jrom 
large, larger ; from rook, rookery: from bake, bakery; from whig, whiggery ; from poet, 
poetess; from prince, princess ; from read, readest ; from write, writest ; from run, runnest ; 
from read, readeth ; from write, writetb ; from run, runneth ; from sense, sensible ; from 
walk, walking ; from love, loving; from run, running ; from black, blackish ; from white, 
whitish ; from blue, bluish ; from pure, purity ; from desire, desirous ; from expose, ex- 
posure ; from fertile, fertilize; from sand, sandy ; from stone, stony ; from mud, muddy. 



The words which 


. DOUBLE the FINAL 


consonant on taking an affi; 


termini 


ition beginning with a vo?rel: — 








Abet. 


Befit. 


Bog. 


Clog. 


Cram. 


Din. 


Drug. 


Abhor. 


Beg. 


Brag. 


Clot. 


Crib. 


Dip. 


Drum. 


Abut. 


Begin. 


Brim. 


Club. 


Crop. 


Disannul. 


Dub. 


Acquit. 
Admit. 


Beset. 


Bud . 


Cog. 


Cup. 


Disinter. 


Dun. 


Besmut. 


Cabal. 


Commit. 


Curvet. 


Dispel. 


Embar. 


Allot. 


Bestir. 


Cap. 


Compel. 


Cut. 


Distil. 


Embed. 


Annul. 


Bib. 


Chap. 


Con. 


Dab. 


Dog. 


Emit. 


Appal. 


Bid. 


Char. 


Concur. 


Dam. 


Don. 


Enrol. 


Big. 


Chat. 


Confer. 


Debar. 


Dot. 


Enthral. 


Bag. 
Bar. 


Bit. 


Chip. 


Control. 


Defer. 


Drag. 


Entrap, 


Blab. 


Chop. 


Coquet. 


Demur. 


Dram. 


Equip. 


Bed. 


Blot. 


Clan. 


Counterplot. Deter. 


Drip. 


Excel. 


Bedim. 


Blur. 


Clap. 


Crab. 


Die. 


Drop. 


Expel. 


Bedrop. 


Bob. 


Clip- 


Crag. 


Dim. 


Drub. 


Extol. 



ADDITIONAL WORDS AND PHRASES. 



387 



Fag. 


Handsel. 


Let. 


Pod. 


Scrag. 


Spin- 


Tip. 


Fan. 


Hap. 


Lip. 


Pop. 


Scrub. 


Spit. 


Top. 


Fat. 


Hat. 


Lob. 


Pot. 


Scud. 


Split. 


Transfer. 


Fib. 


Hem. 


Log. 


Prefer. 


Scum. 


Spot. 


Transmit 


Fin. 


Hip. 


Lot. 


Prig. 


Set. 


Sprig. 


Trap. 


Fit. 


Hit. 


Lug. 


Prim. 


Sham, 


Sprit. 


Trepan. 


Flag. 


Hop. 


Mad. 


Prop. 


Shed. 


Spur. 


Trig. 


Flam. 


Hot. 


Man. 


Propel. 


Ship. 


Squal. 


Trim. 


Flap. 


Hug. 


Manumit. 


Pun. 


Shop. 


Squat. 


Trip. 


Flat. 


Hum. 


Map, 


Put. 


Shog. 


Stab. 


Trot. 


Flit. 


Hyp. 


Mar. 


Quit. 


Shred. 


Star. 


Tug. 


Flog. 


Immit. 


Mat. 


Rag. 


Shrub. 


Stem. 


Tun. 


Fob. 


Impel. 


Mob. 


Ram. 


Shrug. 


Step. 


Twin. 


Fog. 


Incur. 


Mop. 


Rap. 


Shun. 


Stir. 


Twit. 


Forbid. 


Infer. 


Mud. 


Rat. 


Shut. 


Stop. 


Unbar. 


Forestal. 


Instal. 


Nab. 


Rebel. 


Sin. 


Strap. 


Unfit. 


Forget. 


Instil. 


Nap. 


Rebut. 


Sip. 


Strip. 


Unman. 


Fret. 


Inter. 


Net. 


Recur. 


Sit. 


Strum. 


Unpeg. 


Friz. 


Intermit. 


Nib. 


Red. 


Skim. 


Strut. 


Unpin. 


Fub. 


Inthral. 


Nip. 


Refer. 


Skin. 


Stub. 


Unship. 


Fulfil. 


Intromit. 


Nod. 


Refit. 


Skip. 


Stud. 


Unwit 


Fun. 


Jag. 


Nut. 


Regret. 


Skit. 


Stum. 


Up. 


Fur. 


Jam. 


Occur. 


Relet. 


Slam. 


Stun. 


Upset 


Gab. 


Japan. 


Omit. 


Remit. 


Slap. 


Submit. 


Van. 


Gad. 


Jar. 


Outwit. 


Repel. 


Slip. 


Sum. 


Wad. 


Gag. 


Jet. 


Pad. 


Rib. 


Slit. 


Sun. 


Wag. 


Gem. 


Jib. 


Pan. 


Rid. 


Slop. 


Sup. 


War. 


Get. 


Jig. 


Pat. 


Rig. 


Slur. 


Swab. 


Web. 


Gig. 


Job. 


Patrol. 


Rip. 


Slut. 


Swag. 


Wed. 


Gin. 


Jog. 


Peg. 


Rob. 


Smit 


Swap. 


Wet. 


Glad. 


Jot. 


Pen. 


Rod. 


Smug. 


Swig. 


Whet 


Glut. 


Jug. 


Permit. 


Rot. 


Smut. 


Swim. 


Whig. 


Gnar. 


Jut. 


Pet. 


Rub. 


Snap. 


Swop. 


Whip. 


Grim. 


Ken. 


Pig. 


Rug. 


Snip. 


Tag. 


Whir. 


Grin. 


Kid. 


Pin. 


Run. 


Snub. 


Tan. 


Whiz. 


Grip. 


Knab. 


Pip. 


Rut. 


Snug. 


Tap. 


Wig. 


Grit. 


Knap. 


Pit. 


Sad. 


Sob. 


Tar. 


Win. 


Grog. 


Knit. 


Plan. 


Sap. 


Sod. 


Ted. 


Wit. 


Grub. 


Knot. 


Plat. 


Scab. 


Sop. 


Thin. 


Wot. 


Gum. 


Lag. 


Plod. 


Scan. 


Sot. 


ThTob. 


Wrap. 


Gun. 


Lap. 


Plot. 


Scar. 


Span. 


Thrum. 


Writ. 


Gut. 


Leg. 


Plug. 


Scot. 


Spar. 


Tin. 


Zigzag. 



ADDITIONAL WORDS AND PHRASES. 



Abattoir, [Fr.] a public slaughter-house. 

Ab'ovo, [Lat] from the egg. 

Ab'be, [Fr.] an abbot; an ecclesiastical 
title, 

Abnega'tion, s. denial, renunciation. 

Abnor'mal, a. contrary to rule, irregular. 

Abode, p. t. and p. p. of Abide. 

Abominate, v. to abhor, to detest 

Abreuvoir, [Fr.] a publie watering-place 
for horses. 

Abstracted, £>. and a. taken or separated 
from ; absent in mind. 

Acclimatize, v. to inure plants and ani- 
mals to a climate different from that 
which is natural to them. 

Accordion, s. a small musical instrument 
in which the sounds are produced by 
bellows acting on metallic reeds. 



Accres'cent, a. growing to, increasing. 
Accre'tion, s. a growing to, increase. 
Accre'tive, a. increasing by growth. 
Accuba'tion, s. a lying or reclining on a 

couch, as the ancients at their meals. 
Accum'bency, s. state of being accmn- 

bent. 
Accum'bent, a. leaning or reclining. 
Acerlc, a. pertaining to, or obtained 

from the \acer\ maple tree. 
Acidity, s. quality of being acid ; sourness. 
Acidify, v to convert into an acid. 
A"cidness, s. acidity, sourness. 
Acotyled'onous, a. having no seed-lobes. 
Actinia, s. a kind of polypi called sea 

anemones or animal flowers. 
Addict'ed, p. p. devoted to ; given up to; 

generally in a bad sense. 
S2 



ADE 



383 



ATE 



Ad'eling, a. royal,, noble. This term 
was applied by the Anglo-Saxons to 
the children of kings and princes. It 
is from the Saxon cedel or cefhel, illus- 
trious and ling, young, as in fowndling. 
Hence Edward Atheling, Ethelvrolf, 
Mhelbald, &c. 

Ad hom'inem, [Lat.] to the man, an ar- 
gument to the interests or prejudices 
of the person addressed. 

Adhort'atory, a. giving advice. 

Ad'ipose, Ad'ipous, a. fat, fatty. 

Adjuvant, a. helping, assisting. 

Admeas'ure, v. to adjust, to apportion. 

Adulterant, s. that which adulterates. 

Advi'sedness, s. deliberation, prudence. 

Advi'sory, a. giving advice, counselling. 

Advocation, s. a pleading for; a plea. 

A'er, [Lat.] the air. 

Aerie, [e'ry]. See Eyry. 

A'erified, p. and a. having air infused into 
or combined with. 

A'erifbrm, a. having the form or nature 
of air, gaseOus. 

A'erify, to make aerified. 

iEsthet'ics, s.the science which cultivates 
the taste for all that is beautiful in 
nature or art. It is derived from a Greek 
word which implies endued with sensi- 
bility, having quick perceptions. Hence 
.ZEsthetic, JEsthetical,andiEsthetically. 

Affiche, [af-feesh', Fr.] a placard. 

Affiliate, v. to adopt or receive into a 
family as a son ; to receive into a so- 
ciety as a member. 

Afire, ad. on fire, burning. 

Afo rethought, a. prepense or premedi- 
tated ; as " malice aforethought." 

Aft'erall, ad. at last, upon the whole. 

A'ga, s. a Turkish title of honour, gene- 
rally given to military chiefs. 

Ag'apse, [Gr.] love feasts or feasts of cha- 
rity customary among the primitive 
Christians. 

Aigrette, [Fr.] a tuft of feathers. 

Air-borne, a. borne in, or by the air. 

A l'Anglaise,[a-lang-glayz',Fi-.] after the 
English fashion or manner. 

A la Francaise. [a-la-fran-sayz',Fr.] after 
the French fashion or manner. 

Aldine Editions. A term properly ap- 
plied to those editions, chiefly of the 
classics, which proceededfrom the press j 
of Aldus Manutius of Venice, in the 
16th century. 

Al'gous, a. pertaining to sea-weed.. 

Allop'athy. See Homeopathy, p. 395. 

Amar'itude, s. bitterness. 

Am'ative, given to love, amatory. 

Am'bry, s. a contraction of Almonry. 

Ambs'-ace, s. a double ace or two aces. 

Am'bulance, s. amoving or camp hospital. 

Am'bulant, a. walking or moving about. 



Ambulation, s. the act of walking about. 

Ami'cus Curiae, [Lat.] a friend of the 
court ; a stander by who informs the 
judge when doubtful or mistaken in 
matter of law. 

Amort'ise, v. to alienate lands. 

Amphibol'ogy, s. discourse of uncertain 
meaning; ambiguity or equivocation, 

Am'phibrac, s. a poetical foot [v - v}. 

Ana'nas, s. the pine-apple plant; the 
pine-apple fruit. 

Angulos'ity, s. the state of being angular. 

An'hnus, [Lat.] the mind ; the spirit or 
intention. 

An'tiphon, Antiph'ony, s. the chant or al- 
ternate singing in choirs of cathedrals. 

Antiscii, in Geography, the inhabitants of 
the earth, living in different sides of 
the equator, whose shadows at noon are 
cast in opposite directions. See Ascii. 

Anti-scrip'tural,a.notin accordance with 
scripture, unscriptural. 

An'thracite, s. a kind of mineral coal 
which, as it contains little or no 
bitumen, burns without flame. 

Append'ance, s. something appended or 
annexed. 

Arach'noid, a. like a spider's web. 

Archasol'ogy. See page xliii. 

Arch'aism, s. an ancient or obsolete phrase 

Archimede'an Screw, s. a machine for 
raising water, invented by Archimedes, 
and consisting of a tube rolled in a spi* 
ral form round a cylinder. 

Aris'en, the past participle of Arise. 

Arose, the past tense of Arise. 

Artesian Well, s. a kind of fountain first 
made in Artois, in France. The process 
is to perforate with a small bore till 
water is reached, which will then, from 
internal pressure, flow up sponta- 
neously like a fountain. 

Ar'undelMarbles, ancient stones.contain- 
ing a chronological detail of the prin- 
cipal events of Grecian history, parti- 
cularly of Athens, from 15S2 to 353 T 
B.C. They were purchased by the 
Earl of Arundel, in 1624, and presented 
to the University of Oxford. Their 
authenticity has been questioned. 

Arundina'ceous, a. reedy ; full of reeds. 

Asphyxy, s. without pulse ; a suspension 
of respiration from drowning or suffo- 
cation. 

Assignats, [as-sing-yas. Fr.] a French 
paper money during the Revolution. 

Astrict', v. to bind, to contract by binding. 

Astrict'ory, a. binding, astringent. 

Asyn'deton, s. in Grammar, a figure which 
omits the conjunctions or connecting 
words ; as, "I came, I saw, I con-, 
quered." 

Ate, the past tense of Eat. 



ATH 



389 



BOU 



Athenae'um, s, a club or place of literary- 
resort. See page 361. 

Atrium, [Lat.] a hall or court. 

Attache', [at-tah-shay, Fr.] a person at- 
tached to another as a part of Ms suite ; 
particularly one who forms part of the 
suite of an ambassador. 

At'tar of Roses, a highly fragrant concrete 
oil obtained in India from the petals 
of roses. It is also called Ottar, and 
sometimes Otto of Roses. 

Atten'uant, a. making thin: s. a diluent. 

At'ticism, s. an Attic idiom or expression. 

Au fait, [o-fay, Fr.] skilful, expert. 

Auge'an. See Augeas, page 361. 

Augment'able, a. capable of augmenta- 
tion or increase. 

Au'topsy, s. ocular view or examination. 

AvaiTableness, s. the power of being made 
available ; validity or legal force. 

A Vinculo Matrimo''nii, [Lat.] from the 
bond of matrimony, a divorce. 

Awn, s. the beard of corn or grass. 

Awoke, the p. t. of Awake. 

Bac'cated, a. having berries. 

Bacchant', [Fr.] a bacchanal, a reveller. 

Bacchante, [bak-kanf, Fr.] a female bac- 
chanal, or priestess of Bacchus. 

Baccif erous, a. producing berries. 

Back'stairs, s. the private stairs in a 
house ; private or indirect influence. 

Bade or Bid, the p. t. of Bid. 

Bar lie, s. a civic magistrate in Scotland; 
an alderman. 

Baken, the old form of the_p. p. of Bake. 

Bail'ment, s. delivery of goods on trust. 

Bair'am, the name given to two Moham- 
medan festivals, in commemoration of 
Abraham's faith and obedience. 

Ba'kery, s. a bake-house; the trade or 
business of a baker. 

Baken or Baked, the^. p. of Bake. 

Balk, s. a ridge between furrows ; a large 
beam or rafter. 

Ban'co, [It] a bench-; a bank. 

Ban'lieu, [Fr.] the suburbs or environs 
of a town. 

Ban'neroL s. a little flag or streamer. 

Banquette, [banket', Fr.] in Fortification, 
a small bank at the foot of a parapet. 

Bar'carolle, s, a Venetian boat song. 

Barium, «. the metallic base of barytes. 

Bas Bleu, [bah blew, Fr.] a blue-stocking, 
a literary lady. 

Bat'ta, s. an allowance made to the Officers 
in the East India Company's service, 
in addition to their pay. 
Battue, [bat'oo, Fr.] a beating up for 

game ; the game beaten up. 
Beaconage, s. a charge for the use and 
maintenance of buoys, light-houses, or 
other beacons. 



Bears and Bulls. Stock-jobbers who sell 
stock which they are not possessed of 
are called bears, perhaps in allusion to 
the proverb of selling the skin before 
the bear is caught ; and those who 
buy .Stock without intending to receive 
it are called bulls, with reference, per- 
haps, to the term bear. The contract 
is merely a wager to be determined 
by the price of the stocks on a speci- 
fied day, the loser paying the differ- 
ence. Hence it is the interest of the 
bears to depress, and of the bulls to 
raise the funds, till the settling day 
arrives. The practice originated in the 
South Sea Stock Transactions, in 1720. 

Beat'en, the p. p. of Beat. 

Beca'me, the p. t. of Become. 

Be'del, another form of Beadle. 

Bed'ouins, s.nomadic or wanderingArabs. 

Began'-, the p. t. of Begin. 

Be'gum, s. a Hindoo or Indian princess. 

Begun, the p. p. of Begin. 

Beheld', lae p. t. &ndp.p. of Behold. 

Bel'tane, May-day, and the traditional 
Celtic customs attached to it. 

Bel'vedere, s. a pavilion or small erection 
at the top of a house, or in a garden, 
commanding ajine vieiv. 

Bent or Bended, p. t. and p. p. of Bend. 

Bare, s. a species of Barley. 

Besot'ted, p. and a. See Besot. 

Besought',^?, t. and p. p. of Beseech. 

Eiba'ceous, a. addicted to drinking ; 
imbibing, thirsty. 

Biceph'alous, a. having two heads. 

1'id'den or Bid, p. p. of Bid. 

Bima'nous, a. having two hands. 

Bipe'daL a. having two feet. 

Bit, the p. t. of Bite. 

Bit'ten or Bit, the p. p. of Bite. 

Bled, the p. t. and p. p. of Bleed. 

Blew, the p. t. of Blow. 

Blest, a contraction of Blessed. 

Block-house, s. a fortress or building to 
block up or obstruct a passage into a 
harbour. 

Blond Lace, s. lace made of silk. 

Blonde, s. a very fair complexioned 
woman, with light hair, and light 
blue eyes. 

Blos'somy, a. full of blossoms. 

Blouse, s. a sort of loose frock-coat. 

Blown, the past participle of Blow. 

Blus'terous, a. noisy, tumultuous. 

Book-muslin, s. a very fine muslin fabric. 

Bore, Bare, the p. t. of Bear. 

Born, the p. p. of Bear (to bring forth). 

Borne, the p. p. of Bear (to carry). 

Bougie, [Fr.] a wax taper; a surgical 
instrument. 

Bouilli, [bool'ye, Fr.] meat stewed with 
vegetables. 



BOU 



390 



CLA 



Boulevard, [Fr.] originally a bulwark 
or rampart round a fortified town ; 
now applied to the streets or public 
walks occupying the site of fortifi- 
cations now demolished. 

Bound, the p. t. and p. p. of Bind. 

Bourse, [Fr.] the exchange. 

BoVine, a. appertaining to oxen. 

Bouts-rimes, [boo-re-may,Fi\] words that 
rhyme given to be formed into verse. 

Bowie knife, s. a long knife used by 
hunters, &c. 

Boy'ar, in Moldavia and "VVallachia, a 
nobleman or grandee. 

Bran'ny, a. consisting of bran, husky. 

Bred, the p. t. and p. p. of Breed. 

Bro'chure, [Fr.] s. a pamphlet. 

Broke, the p. t. of Break. 

Broken, the p. p. of Break. 

Brought, p. t. and p. p. of Bring. 

Buc'cal, a. pertaining to the cheek. 

Buc'cinal, a. trumpet-shaped. 

Buck'wheat, s. a coarse kind of grain 
which resembles buckm&st, or the fruit 
of the 6eec/j-tree. 

Bude Light, an intense flame, produced 
by the union of carburetted hydrogen 
and oxygen gases ; so named from 
having been invented by Mr. Gurney, 
of Bude, in Cornwall. 

Buhl, [bool], s. furniture beautifully in- 
laid with tortoise-shell, mother of 
pearl, and ornamented woods. 

Built, the p. t. and p. p. of Build. 

Bun'galow, s. a country house or cottage- 
erected by Europeans in India, and 
constructed of wood, bamboo, mats, 
and thatch. 

Bun'nion, s. a kind of corn or excres- 
cence on the great toe. 

Cab'aline, a. pertaining to the horse. 

Cach'exy, s. a bad habit of body. 

Cactus, s. a genus of plants. 

Cafe', [kaffy, Fr.] a coffee-house. 

Caffeine, s. a bitter crystallizable sub- 
stance, obtained from coffee. 

Cairngorm, s. a variety of topaz or 
rock crystal, obtained from a moun- 
tain in Perthshire. 

Calk'in, s. a calk or sharp point in a 
horse's shoe, to prevent slipping. 

Camellia, s. a genus of beautifully flow- 
ering evergreen shrubs, natives of 
China and Japan; but now exten- 
sively cultivated in hot-houses in this 
country. They were introduced by a 
Jesuit called Cornelius, or Kamel. 

Cam'erated, a. arched, vaulted. 

Camaril'la, s. a court party, exercising 
secret or underhand influence over the 
sovereigns ; from the Spanish word 
for a small chamber, or closet. 



Car'iole, [Fr.] a small open carriage. 

Car'tulary, s. a register, a record. 

Car'uncle, s. a small fleshy excrescence. 

Caryatides. See Caryatis, p. 363. 

Cas'ern, s. sheds or lodgings for soldiers 
in garrison towns. 

Cas'simere. See Kerseymere, p. 153. 

Catafal'co, s. a temporary tomb or ceno- 
taph, used in funeral processions. 

Catamaran', s, a kind of floating raft 
used in the East for fishing and landing 
goods ; a large flat-bottomed boat. 

Ca'tercousin, s. a fourth cousin; but 
originally said in ridicule of persons 
claiming relationship upon very re- 
mote degrees. 

Casus Belli, [Lat.] a case of war. 

Caught, the p. t. and p. p. of Catch. 

Celestine, s. the sulphate of strontia. 

Centime [santeem', Fr.] the hundredth 
part of a franc ; a hundredth part of 
any thing. 

Ceru'men, [Lat.] the wax of the ear. 

Cest'us, s. the embroidered girdle of 
Venus ; a marriage girdle. 

Chegre, Chigo, s. a tropical insect that 
enters the skin of the feet, and multi- 
plies incredibly, causing great itching. 

Chemical, Chem'ic, a. pertaining to che- 
mistry ; resulting from the operation 
of chemical agencies. 

Chemically, ad. by a chemical process. 

Cliev'ron, s. an ornament in Architecture, 
representing two rafters set as they 
ought to stand ; a mark of distinction 
on the sleeve of non-commissioned 
officers' coats. 

Chic'cory, s. succory or wild endive. 

Chid, the p. t. of Chicle. 

Chidden or Chid, the p. p. of Chide. 

Chiffonnier, [shiffoneer^Fr.] a receptacle 
for rags and shreds ; a small orna- 
mented cupboard. 

Chiltern Hundreds. A tract of country 
in Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire 
(in which are the Chiltern hills), to 
which is attached the nominal office of 
Steward under the Crown. As mem- 
bers of parliament cannot resign their 
seats, when they wish to retire, they 
accept this nominal office or steward- 
ship, and thus vacate their seats. 

Chose, Chosen, thep. t. andp.p. of Choose. 

Cinchona, [sinkona]. See Quinquina. 

Cir'rous, a. having tendrils as the vine. 

Clad or Clothed, thep.t. and p.p. of Clothe. 

Clairvoyance, [Fr.] literally, clearsight- 
edness ; but in Mesmerism implying a 
power of seeing objects not present to 
the senses. 

Clairvoyant, m. Clairvoyante, fern. [Fr.] 
a person who professes clairvoyance, 
or one who is under its influence. 



CLA 



391 



CRO 



Clave, the p. t. of Cleave (to adhere). 

Cleft, the^>. t. andp.p. of Cleave (to sjjlit) . 

Clem'atis, s. a genus of climbing plants ; 
so called from their clemata or tendrils. 

Clove, the p. t. of Cleave (to split). 

Cloven, the p. p. of Cleave (to split). 

Clung, the p. t. and p. p. of Cling. 

Coaction, s. compulsion, force. 

Coales'cent, a. growing together, united. 

Cocciferous, a. bearing kernels or berries. 

Cod'ded, a. enclosed in a cod or husk. 

Codicil'lary, a. of the nature of a codicil. 

Cognation, s. kindred or relationship. 

Colchicum,[kol'tshekum], s. the meadow 
saffron, one species of which (origi- 
nally from Colchium) is used medi- 
cinally. 

Coleop'terous, a. having crustaceous 
sheaths for the wings, as beetles. 

Collap'se, s. a falling or shrinking toge- 
ther; an entire prostration of the 
bodily energies. 

Col'ocinth, s. the bitter apple, a kind of 
gourd, the pulp of which is used me- 
dicinally. 

Co'ma, [Gr.] s. lethargy, morbid sleep- 
iness. 

Co'matose, Co'metous, a. affected with 
coma, lethargic 

Com'mune, [Fr.] a district, a parish. 

Com'iuunism, s. community of property 
among all the citizens of a state. 

Com'munist, s. one who advocates com- 
munism ; a socialist. 

Communistic, a. pertaining to com- 
munism or socialism. 

Compilable, a. yielding, accommodating. 

Complicity, s. complexity ; state of being 
an accompliee. 

Com'potator, s. one who drinks with 
another. 

Concavity, s. hollowness; the internal 
surface of a hollow spherical body. 

Concen'trativeness, s. in Phrenology, the 
power or faculty of concentrating the 
ideas on any subject or study. 

Concentricity, s. state of being con- 
centric. 

Concertina, s. a musical instrument. 

Concessionary, a. given by concession. 

Conein'nity, s. fitness, suitableness. 

Concin'nous, a. becoming, neat. 

Condonation, s. the act of pardoning ; 
pardon. 

Condottieri, [It] hired military adven- 
turers in the 14th and 15th centuries. 

Conflict'ive, a. opposing, struggling. 

Congressional, a. pertaining to the Con- 
gress in America. 

Congres'sive, a. meeting, encountering. 

Consentaneity, s. reciprocal, agreement. 

Consentaneous, a. agreeable to, suitable. 

Consignation, a. the act of consigning. 



Consolidated Fund. A fund formed from 
certain portions of the joint revenues 
of Great Britain and Ireland, appro- 
priated to the payment of the Civil 
List, and other specified purposes. 

Consonance, Con'sonancy, s. agreement 
of sound, concord, consistency. 

Constituency, s. the entire body of con- 
stituents or electors. 

Constrictive, a. binding, contracting. 

Construcfr'iveness, s. a term in Phre- 
nology. 

Consubstan'tiaL a. having the same sub- 
stance or essence. 

ConSuetude, s. custom, usage. 

Consuetu'dinary, a. customary. 

Contintiate, a. uninterrupted, unbroken. 

Contort', v. to writhe, to twist together. 

Contracted, p. and a. drawn together ; 
narrow, selfish, illiberal. 

ContraFto, [It.] the countertenor, or part 
immediately below the treble. 

Conventual, a. belonging or pertaining 
to a convent or monastery. 

Cop'rolite, s. the petrified feces of fishes, 
reptiles, or other animals. 

Coprolit'ic, a. containing coprolites ; re- 
sembling coprolites. 

Cornet-a-piston, [Fr.] a brass wind in- 
strument like the French horn, but 
capable of much greater inflection 
from the valves and pistons with which 
it is furnished. 

Cor'tical, a. consisting of bark or rind ; 
resembling bark or rind 

Cosmolo^gical, a, relating to the science 
Avhich describes the universe. 

Coupe, [Fr.] the front apartment of a 
diligence. 

Crass, a. gross, coarse, thick. 

Crass'ness, s. grossness, coarseness. 

Cre'osote, s. an oily, colourless liquid, ob- 
tained from pyroligneous acid and 
tarry matter. It is a very powerful anti- 
septic, and literally means flesh-pre- 
server. 

Crepitate, v. to make a crackling noise. 

Crept, the p. t. and p. p. of Creep. 

Crepus'cular, a. pertaining to twilight. 

Crescendo, [It.] in Music, a gradual 
swelling or increasing of the notes. 

Cre'tin, s. a name given in the Alpine 
valleys to certain idiotic beings, most 
of whom have goitres or large tumours 
on their necks. 

Cre'tinism, s. the state of being a cretin. 

Crew or Crowed, the past tense of Crow. 

Cri'nite, a. like hair ; streaming. 

Crop-out, v. to ripen to a full crop ; 
in Geology, to come to the surface. 

Crotch'ety, a. whimsical, odd. 

Cro'ton Oil, s. a violent cathartic, ob- 
tained from an Eastern plant. 



CRO 



392 



BIS 



Crouch, v. to sign with the cross. 

Crouched Friars, an order of friars, so 
called from the {crouch) cross which 
they wore. 

Crum'pet, s. a kind of soft cake. 

Crunkle, v. to cry like a crane. 

Cuisine, [kwezeen', Fr.] kitchen appa- 
ratus; cookery. 

Cul de sac, [Fr.] a street closed at one 
end ; literally, the bottom of a sack. 

Cura<?oa, [kuraso / ] s. a liqueur origi- 
nally made in the island of Curagoa. 

Curling, s. a popular game in Scotland, 
played on the ice. 

Curriculum, [Lat.] a race-course ; a cha- 
riot ; a prescribed course of study, as 
in a college or university. 

Dag'gers-drawing, s. the act of drawing 
daggers ; approach to open violence. 

Daguer'reotype, s. a most ingenious pro- 
cess for taking portraits, &c, dis- 
covered by M. Daguerre. 

Dahlia, s. a genus of beautifully flower- 
ing plants ; so called in honour of 
Dahl, a Swedish botanist. They were 
first introduced by the Spaniards, 
from S. America. 

Da'is, s. the raised portion of the floor in 
a baronial dining hall ; the chief seat 
at the principal table, usually covered 
with a canopy. 

Dam'ages, s. pi. in Law, compensation 
for injury or loss. 

Dealt or Dealed, the p.t. or p. p. of Deal. 

Debut, [deboo', Fr.] a beginning or first 
appearance, as of an actor. 

Debutant, s. one who makes his debut. 

Debutante, s. a female who makes her 
debut. 

Decerp'tion, s. a cropping or plucking off. 

Decollation, s. the act of beheading. 

Dec'rement, s. decrease, waste. 

Decur'rent, a. running or extending 
downwards. 

Decus'sate, v. to cross or intersect at 
acute angles. 

Defacement, s. erasure, injury. 

Defecation, s. the act of separating from 
lees or dregs ; purification. 

Deflux', s. a flowing downwards. 

Dehorta'tion, s. dissuasion or advice 
against. 

Dehort'atory, a. dissuading. 

Dela'tor, [Lat.] an accuser, an informer. 

Delation, s.accusation,informing against. 

Delphin, a. pertaining to the Dauphin 
of France ; an edition of the Latin 
classics, prepared under Louis XIV., 
for the Dauphin's use ("in usum Del- 
phini.") 

Dena'rium, s. a Roman silver coin ; in 
Law, an English penny. 



Den'drite, s. a stone or mineral which 
contains the resemblance of trees. 
ferns, or mosses. 

Den'drolite, s. a petrified tree or branch. 

Denominational, a. pertaining to a deno- 
mination, or body called by the same 
name ; sectarian. 

Dens'eness, s. closeness, compactness. 

Deo'dorize, v. to free from or remove a 
bad smell. 

Deo'dorant, s. an agent used for freeing 
from or removing bad smells. 

Dependency, s. dependence ; a territory 
remote from the kingdom or state to 
which it belongs or is subject. 

Depolarize, v, to deprive of polarity. 

Depol'atory, a. taking off the hair. 

Depo'ne, v. to testify an oath. 

Deport'ment, s. carriage, demeanour. 

DepuFsion,s. a driving or thrusting away. 

Depul'sory, a. driving or thrusting away. 

Derm'al, a. pertaining to the skin. 

Desie'cant, a. drying ; s. a medicine that 
dries a sore. 

Desic'cate, v. to dry up ; to grow dry. 

Desid'erate, v. to desire or wish for. 

Desist/ance, s. a stopping or cessation. 

Despoil'ment, s. the act of despoiling ; a 
plundering. 

Detinue, s. a writ against a person who 
unlawfully detains. 

Detritus, [Lat,] in Geology, the waste or 
matter worn off rocks, &c. When the 
portions are large the term debris 
is used. 

Detrunca'tion, s. a lopping or cutting off. 

Uiab'lery, s. devilry. 

Liac'onal, a. pertaining to a deacon. 

Diagnosis, s. the art of distinguishing 
one disease from another. 

Dicotyledonous, a. having two cotyle- 
dons or seedlobes. 

Did, the p. t. of Do. 

Did'ymous, a . in Botany, in pairs or twins. 

Digres'sional, a. making digressions. 

Dila"cerate, v. to tear or rend asunder. 

Dilatabil'ity, s. the quality of being di- 
latable. 

Dime, s. the tenth of a dollar. 

Diminuendo, the opposite of Crescendo. 

Dinothe'rium, a huge extinct animal. See 
Therion, p. 399. 

Diplomatics, s. the science of deciphering 
ancient documents or writings. 

Discountable, a. that may be discounted. 

Discur'sus, [Lat.] in Logic, an argu- 
mentation ; a discourse, 

Disinfect', v. to cleanse from infection, 
to purify from contagious matter. 

Disinfectant, s. an agent for removing 
infection, as chlorine. 

Disintegrate, v. to separate the inte- 
grant particles of, to break up. 



DIS 



393 



EXE 



Disintegration, s. the act of disinteg- 
rating ; a erumlbling away, as of rocks. 

Disme [for dixieme, Fr.] See Dime. 

Dispel, v. to drive away, to disperse. 

Disperm'ous, a. in Botany, two-seeded. 

Dispers'ive, a. tending to disperse. 

Disrupted, p. and a,, rent asunder. 

Dissenta'neous, a. not agreeing, contrary. 

Distil'nient, s. that which is distilled. 

Distringas, [Lat.] a writ to destrain. 

Doc'trinaire, s. a theorizing politician, 
one fond of new systems (first used in 
French politics). 

Document'al, a. pertaining to documents. 

Dol'erite, s. a variety of trap-rock. 

Dol'omite, s. a variety of magnesian 
limestone. 

Donna, s. the Spanish title for lady. 

Dorm'itive, s. a soporific medicine. 

Douane, [Fr.] the custom-house. 

Douche, [doosh, Fr.] a bath, in which a 
jet or current of water is directed to a 
particular part of the body. 

Draft, s. a current of air; as from a 
window or a door in a room towards 
the fire. [This is the first time this 
word, in this sense, has appeared in a 
dictionary.] 

Drank, Drunk, the p. t. of Drink. 

Drawn, the p. p. of Draw. 

Drawn Battle, s. a battle from which the 
combatants withdraw their forces with- 
out the defeat or victory of either party. 

Drew, the p. t. of Draw. 

Driven, the p. p. of Drive. 

Drove, the p. t. of Drive. 

Duck, s. a kind of light canvass. 

Duello, [It.] a duel ; the rule of duelling. 

Dug or Digged, p. t. and p. p. of Dig. 

Durst or Dared, p. t. of Dare. 

Dwelt or Dwelled, the p. t. and p. p. of 
Dwell. 

Eagle-stone, s. a variety of clay iron- 
stone, generally kidney-shaped. 

Eaten, the p. p. of Eat. 

Eau, [o, Fr.] s. water. 

Ebur'nean, a. made of ivory. 

Echidna, [ekid'na], s. the porcupine ant- 
eater, a genus of spiny quadrupeds, 
natives of Australia. 

Ecumen'ical, a. general, universal. 

Edem'atous, Edem'atose, a. swollen ; 
dropsical. 

Eden'talous, a. destitute of teeth. 

Eden'tated, a. deprived of teeth. 

Edifi^cial, a. pertaining to edifices. 

Edu'cible, a. that may be educed. 

E'en, a contraction of Even. 

E'er, a contraction of Ever. 

Efieu'di, s. a Turkish title of honour, 
usually applied to high civil function- 
aries. See Aga, p. 3S8. 



Elg'in Marbles. A collection of ancient 
sculptured mai-bles, procured from 
Greece, by Lord Elgin, in 1812. They 
belonged to the Parthenon, at Athens, 
and are now in the British Museum. 

Eliminate, v. to put out of doors ; to 
discharge or throw off. 

Elite, [e-leet', Fr.] a choice or select body. 

Elucidatory, a. tending to elucidate. 

Emend'atory, a. contributing to emen- 
dation. 

Emolument'al, a. producing emolument. 

Emp'tion, s. the act of buying ; a pur- 
chasing. 

Empyr'ical, a. containing the combus- 
tible principle of coal. 

En'crinite, in Geology, the stone-lily. 

Endorsee', s. the person to whom a note 
or bill is assigned by endorsement. 

Engraven or Engraved, the past T>artici- 
ple of Engrave. 

En Masse, [Fr.] in a mass or body. 

En Passant. See Passant, p. 203. 

Enthro'iienient, s. the act of enthroning. 

Entirety, s. the whole, completeness. 

Entresol, [Fr.] a platform or apartment 
between the ground floor and the prin- 
cipal floor above it. 

E'ocene, in Geology, a term applied to 
the oldest groups of the Tertiary for- 
mations, because it is in these groups 
that the organic remains of animals of 
the same species as those which now 
exist, make their first appearance. It 
is from the Greek eos, the dawn, and 
Jcainos, new or recent. Miocene, less 
recent, and Pliocene, more recent, are 
also applied to Tertiary formations. 

Epithet'ic, a. of the nature of an epi- 
thet ; abounding in epithets. 

Equi'nal, a. pertaining to the horse kind. 

Equita'tion, s. a riding on horseback. 

Eras'tianism. The principles of the 
Erastians, who hold, with Erastus, a 
German, that the church is a mere 
creature of the state ; and that it has 
no power to discipline its members, 
but merely to use persuasion. 

Esthetics. See ^Esthetics, p. 387. 

Ete'sian, a. at stated periods, periodical. 

Eth'nical, Ethnic, a. heathenish. 

Ethnolo^gicalja. pertaining toEthnology. 

Ethnology, s. a treatise on races or 
nations. 

Etui, [ay-twee, Fr.] a pocket-case for 
tweezers, &c. 

Eu'crasy, s. a good temperament of body. 

Euthana'sia, s. an easy death. 

Event 'uality, in Phrenology, a propen- 
sity to take cognizance of events. 

Exequatur, [Lat,] a licence given by the 
Government of a country to a foreign 
consul or commercial agent. 
S3 



EXH 



394 



GEO 



Exhu'me, v. to disinter or unbury. 

Ex mero motu, [Lat.] from one's own 
mere motion, of mere good pleasure. 

Ex necessitate, [Lat.] of necessity. 

Exogenous, a. having the wood aug- 
mented by annual addition to the 
outside. 

Experimen'tum Crucis, [Lat.] a severe 
and decisive test or experiment, be- 
cause the cross, like the rack, was used 
to extort truth. 

Expressivo, [eevo, It.] with expression. 

Ex'tern, s. a pupil or student who does 
not board within the school or seminary. 

Extortionary, a. practising extortion. 

Extravagan'za, [It.] a wild or incoherent 
musical or dramatic composition. 

Fabliaux, [fab'leo, Fr.] the metrical 
tales of the early poets of the north 
of France. 

Fallen, the p. p. of Fall. 

Fama Clamosa, [Lat.] in the Presbyterian 
church, a charge grounded on public 
scandal alone. 

Fata Morgana. An extraordinary atmos- 
pheric refraction, by wbich images of 
houses, castles, and other objects in 
the surrounding landscapes, are fantas- 
tically and beautifully represented in 
the air, over the surface of the sea. 
They occur chiefly in the Straits of 
Messina, and are also called the Cas- 
tles of the Fairy Morgana. 

Faubourg, [fo'boorg, Fr.] a suburb. 

Fau'na, s. the animals of a particular 
country or district. See Fauni, p. 367. 

Fe'cit, [Lat.] he made it. 

Fec'ula, s. dregs, sediment, starch. 

Fed, the p. t. and p. p. of Feed. 

Feld'spar. See Felspar. 

Fell, the p. t. of Fall. 

Felt, the p. t. and p. p. of Feel. 

Fete, [Fr.] a feast, a festival. 

Fe'rse, [Lat.] wild animals. 

Figurant, m. Figurante, fern. [Fr.] an 
opera dancer, one who dances in 
groups or figures, not singly. 

Final'ity, s. the state of being final. 

Fi'nding, s. the act of finding ; a dis- 
covery ; the verdict of a jury. 

Fin'ial, s. in Gothic architecture, the top 
or finishing of a pinnacle or gable. 

Fin'ned, a. having, or furnished with fins. 

Firedamp, s. the explosive carburetted 
hydrogen gas of coal mines. 

Flange, s. a raised or projecting edge or 
rib on the rim of a wheel. 

Flecker, v. to spot, to streak or stripe. 

Fled, the p. t. and p. p. of Flee. 

Flew, the p. t. of Fly. 

Flocky, a. having flocks or locks. 

Floriculture, s. the culture of flowers. 



Flown, the p. p. of Fly. 

Flu'ate, s. a salt formed from fluoric 

acid, and a base. 
Flung, the p. t. and p. p. of Fling. 
Forbid'den, the p. p. of Forbid. 
Forbore, the p. t. of Forbear. 
Forborne, the p. p. of Forbear. 
Forego'ing, a. going before, preceding. 
Forgof, the p. t. of Forget. 
Forgot'ten, the p. p. of Forget. 
Forsa'ken, the p. p. of Forsake. 
Forsook, the p. t. of Forsake. 
Fort'alice, s. a small fortress. 
Fossette, [Fr.] a little hollow ; a dimple. 
Fought, the p. t. and p. p. of Fight. 
Found, the p. t. and p. p. of Find. 
Froze, the p. t. of Freeze. 
Frozen, the p. p. of Freeze. 
Fullery, s. the place or the works where 

the fulling of cloth is carried on. 

Gal'lopade, s. a Idnd of sprightly dance, 
a curvetting gallop. 

Garrote, s. a mode of strangulation in 
Spain, by means of a collar screwed 
round the neck. 

Gave, the p. t. of Give. 

Gen'era, [Lat.] the plural of Genus. 

Geyser. A fountain which spouts forth 
boiling water, of which there are 
several in Iceland, about thirty miles 
from Hecla. The jet of the Great 
Geyser often rises to the height of 
500 feet. 

Ghaut, [gawt], a pass in a chain of moun- 
tains ; a range of mountains in India. 

Ghoul, [gowl], a demon among Eastern 
nations, that is supposed to frequent 
graveyards, and feed on the dead. 

Giaour, [jowr], a dog ; an infidel ; a 
name given by Turks to unbelievers 
in Mohammedanism, and especially to 
Christians. 

Gigot, [jigo, Fr.], the hip joint; a leg of 
mutton. 

Gilt or Gilded, the p. t. and p.p. of Gild. 

Girt or Girded, the p. t. and p. p. of Gird. 

Given, the p. p. of Give. 

Got, the p. t. of Get. 

Gotten, the p. p. of Get. 

Grauwack'e, [graw'wakey], in Geology, 
a German local term for a kind of 
grey rock. Greywacke' is another form 
of the same word. 

Graven or Graved, the p. p. of Grave. 

Grefiier [Fr.] a registrar or recorder. 

Grew, the p. t. of Grow. 

Groin, s. in Architecture, the hollow in- 
tersection of vaults crossing each other. 

Groundswell, s. the swell or roll of the 
sea from beneath when the water is 
not deep. 

Grown, the p. p. of Grow. 



GUI 



395 



KIR 



Guild'er, a Dutch coin, a florin. 

Gutta Percha [pertsh'a], a substance re- 
sembling India-rubber in many of its 
properties, but stronger, more soluble, 
and less elastic. It is obtained from a 
variety of trees in the Eastern Archi- 
pelago, in the state of a milky -looking 
juice, which hardens on being exposed 
to the air. It has lately been applied 
to many useful purposes. 

Habitat, in Botany, the native soil or 
country of a plant or animal. 

Hack'matack, s. the American larch. 

Had, the p. t. and p. p. of Have. 

Half-Blood, a. having one parent the 
same, but not both. 

Hanse Towns. Certain commercial cities 
in Germany which associated for the 
protection of commerce as early as the 
12th century. To this powerful con- 
federation acceded several commercial 
cities in Holland, England, France, 
Spain, and Italy, until they amounted 
to 72. It has now ceased to exist, 
and its remnants, Lubec, Hamburgh, 
Bremen, and Frankfort, are called 
Free Cities. 

Harmonica, s. a musical instrument. 

Harmonlcon, s. a musical instrument. 

Heard, a contraction of Heared. 

Held, the p. t. and p. p. of Hold. 

Het'man, s. a Cossack commander-in- 
chief. 

Hid, the p. I. of Hide. 

Hidden, the p. p. of Hide. 

High Dutch. The German language as 
distinguished from the Low Dutch or 
Belgic, or the cultivated German as 
opposed to the vulgar dialects. 

Hirullo, [Lat.] a leech. 

Hirun'do [Lat.] a swallow. 

Hobson's Choice, a choice in which there 
is no alternative. 

Homeopathic, a. pertaining to homeo- 
pathy. 

Homeop'athy. The doctrine or theory 
of curing diseases with very minute 
doses of medicine, by producing in the 
patient affections similar to those of 
the disease. It is opposed to Allo- 
pathy, or the treatment of diseases by 
drugs otherwise affecting the system 
than as the disease affects it. 

Honoralium, [Lat.] a fee given to a 
professor in a university. 

Hos'podar, s. the title of the Christian 
princes or governors of Wallachia and 
Moldavia under the Sultan. 

Hove or Heaved, the p. t. of Heave. 

Hung or Hanged, the p. t. and p. p. of 
Hung. 

Hy'persthene, s. a variety of hornblende 



Hy'pogene, in Geology, applied to rock 
formed and consolidated under, and 
not at the surface of the earth. 

Ideality, a term in Phrenology. 

Ideologist, s. one who treats of ideas. 

Ideol'ogy, s. the doctrine of ideas. 

Ignes'cent, a. emitting sparks, scin- 
tillating. 

Iguan'odon, s. a genus of saurian reptiles. 

Imbroglio, [It.] The plot of a romance 
or drama when much perplexed or 
complicated is said to be an "im- 
broglio." 

Improvisato're, m. Improvisatrice, fern. 
[-tree'-tshe, It.] one who composes 
and sings extemporaneously. 

Indemnification, s. the act of indem- 
nifying ; security against loss. 

Industrial, a. pertaining to industry. 

In esse, [Lat.] ha being, actually existing. 

In extenso. [Lat.] in full, at large. 

Inflorescence, in Botany, the manner in 
which flowers are placed on a plant. 

In loco, [Lat.] in the place. 

Infusolia, [Lat.] animalcules or micros- 
copic animals inhabiting water and 
various other liquids. 

Initiative, a. serving to initiate ; s. an 
introductory step or movement. 

Inoperative, a. having no operation or 
effect. 

Inquirendo, [Lat.] a writ of inquiry. 

In toto, [Lat.] wholly, entirely. 

Institutional, a. elementary ; instituted 
by authority. 

Insularity, s. the state of being insular. 

Increment, s. use, practice, habit. 

Jac'anet, s. a kind of muslin. 

Jac'quard Loom. A kind of loom for 
weaving figured goods, invented by 
M. Jacquard, of Lyons, in 1800. 

Jan'senist, s. a follower of the opinions 
of Jansen, bishop of Ypres, in the 
17th century. 

Jean, s. a cloth made of cotton and wool. 

Jimp, another form of Gimp, neat, &c. 

Jo'rum, s. a large drinking vessel. 

Jug'gernaut, s. a celebrated Hindoo idoL 

Jus Gentium, [Lat.] the law of nations. 

Juste Milieu, [Fr.] the just middle. In 
French politics, that party which held 
a middle course between the old mon- 
archical, and the new republican prin- 
ciples. 

Ka'olin, s. the Chinese name for por- 
celain clay. 

Kept, the p. t. and p. p. of Keep. 

Kirschwasser, [kershVosser, Ger.]c7ierry~ 
water, a liquor obtained by fermenting 
the small black cherry. 



KNE 



396 



ODI 



Knelt, the p. t. and p. p. of Kneel. 

Knew, the p. t. of Know. 

Knit or Knitted, the p. t. and^>. j?.of Knit. 

Known, the p. p. of Know. 

Kraal [kral], a Hottentot hut or village. 

Kra'ken, s. a fabulous sea-monster, so 
large as to be taken for an island. 

Kremlin, s. the royal palace at Moscow. 

Ky'anize, v. to preserve timber from 
rotting by an application of corrosive 
sublimate or other substances. The 
solution was originally prepared by 
Mr. Ryan. 

Lactom'eter, s. an instrument for ascer- 
taining the proportion which the cream 
bears to the milk. 

Lacus'trine, a. pertaining to lakes or 
swamps. 

Lain, the p. p. of Lie. 

Land'wehr, s. the militia in Prussia. 

Lay, the p. p. of Lie. 

Lazaro'ni, the houseless poor in Naples, 
who live by begging, and whose only 
refuge is the hospital of St. Lazarus. 

Laid, the p. t. and p. p. of Lay. 

Led, the p. t. and p. p. of Lead. 

Left, the p. t. and p. p. of Leave. 

Lent, the p. t. and p. p. of Lend. 

Liaison, [le"-a-zong, Fr.] a bond of union, 
a connexion. 

Li'as, s. in Geology, a kind of limestone. 

Lig'nite, s. fossil carbonized wood. 

Lin'ament, s. a tent of lint or linen used 
for dressing wounds. 

Lit or Lighted, the p. t. and p.p. of Light. 

Lost, the p. t. and p. p. of Lose. 

Made, thejp. t. smdp.p. of Make. 

Madid, a. wet, moist, dropping. 

Magno'lia, s. a genus of plants and trees, 
remarkable for the beauty of their 
flowers and foliage. 

Mal'achite, s. an oxide of copper, com- 
bined with carbonic acid, found in solid 
masses, of a beautiful green colour. 

Malin'gering, s. in military language, 
feigned sickness, to escape duty. 

Mam'mal, s. a mammiferous animal. 

Manche, [mansh, Fr.] s. a sleeve. 

Manipulate, v. to operate with the hand. 

Marionette, [Fr.] little Marion; a puppet. 

Marsu'pial, a. having a pouch or bag, 
as the opossum and kangaroo. 

Materiel, [Fr.] s. the baggage, provisions, 
munitions, and equipments of an army, 
in distinction to the Personel, or men. 

Maunder, v. to mutter, to grumble. 

Medicative, a, curing, tending to cure. 

Medu'sse, s. a genus of gelatinous ra- 
diated animals, without shells, com- 
monly called sea-nettles. 

Meant, the p. t. and p. p. of Mean. 



Meerschaum, [meer'shoum, Ger.] a kind 
of clay of which pipes are made ; also 
a pipe. [It literally means sea foam.'] 

Megalosaurus. See Sauroid, p. 398. 

Melee, [Fr.] s. a fight, in which the com- 
batants are mingled in one confused 
mass ; a scuffle. 

Men'ticulture, s, cultivation of the men- 
tal faculties. 

Mesmeric, a. pertaining to mesmerism. 

Mesinerism, s. animal magnetism, so 
named from Mesmer, a German phy- 
sician, who first propounded the theory. 

Mesne, [meen], in Law, a middle or in- 
tervening process. 

Met, the p. t. and p. p. of Meet. 

Mica Schist. See Schist, p. 398. 

Milled, a. having undergone the ope-, 
ration of the mill ; having the edge 
grained, as a coin, to prevent clipping ; 
fulled as cloth. 

Mi'ocene. See Eocene, p. 393. 

Misappropriate, v. to set apart for one's 
self what ought not to be taken. 

Misappropriation, s. wrong or fraudu- 
lent appropriation. 

Morgue, [morg, Fr.] a place in which 
bodies found dead are exposed, in 
order that they may be recognized. 

Mos'lem, s. a Mussulman or Mahometan, 

Must, s. unfermented wine, new wine. 

Muta'tis mutan'dis, [Lat.] after making 
the necessary changes, 

Nais s. a species of worm. 

Na'ker, ISfa'cre, s. mother-of-pearl. 

N" ecrop'olis, s. a city of the dead, a place 
set apart and appropriately arranged 
for the interment of the dead, 

Ne'er, a contraction of Never. 

Ne Exeat Regno [Lat.] a writ to prevent 
a debtor from leaving the kingdom. 

Neural'gia, s. a painful affection of the 
nerves ; a kind of tic douloureux. 

Neuralgic, a. pertaining to neuralgia. 

Nic'otin, s. an oil or principle extracted 
from tobaceo. 

Nolle Prosequi, [Lat.] in Law, to with- 
draw a writ. 

Non est inventus, [Lat.] in Law, he is no 
where to be found. 

Non sequitur, [Lat.] literally, it does not 
follow ; a conclusion not warranted by 
the premises. 

Nudum Pactum, [Lat.] a contract made 
without any consideration, and there- 
fore not valid, 

Ob'eron, s. the king of the fairies. 
Obscu'rant, s. an obstructor of the pro- 
gress of knowledge and enlightenment, 
Obsid'ean, s. a vitreous kind of lava. 
O'din, s. a Scandinavian deity. 



OLL 



397 



RID 



Olla Podrida [- reeda], s. a Spanish dish, 
made of all kinds of meat, cut into 
small pieces, and stewed with different 
kinds of vegetables ; and hence a mix- 
ture or medley of writings. Olla is 
the same as Olio, and Podrida means 
putrid, or stinking. 

Ottar, Otto. See Attar, p. 398. 

Pab'ular, a. pertaining to food, consisting 

of food or nutriment. 
Pad, s. a soft easy saddle ; but originally 
a saddle stuffed with straw : v. to stuff 
with padding. See Pad, p. 199. 
Pad'ding, s. some soft substance, as hair 
or wool, for stuffing saddles, cushions, 
garments, &c. 
Paid, the p. t. and p. p. of Pay. 
Paled, a term in Heraldry. 
Palinu'rus, s. the skilful pilot of Eneas. 
Pallium, [Lat.] a cloak or mantle; a pall. 
Pal'try, a. worthless, despicable, mean. 
Pam'pas, s. extensive plains in South 
America, particularly in Buenos Ayres, 
covered, like the prairies in North 
America, with grass and herbage, on 
which herds of wild cattle and horses 
pasture, 
Pandour', s. a kind of light infantry, for- 
merly in the Austrian service. 
Panop'ticon, s. a place where every thing- 
can be seen ; a prison, as recommended 
by Bentham, in which the inspector 
can see the prisoners in their cells 
without being seen himself. 
Par'agoge, s. in Grammar, a letter or 
syllable added to the end of a word 
without altering its meaning. 
Pari Passu, [Lat.] with equal pace. 
Parmesan', cheese made at Parma. 
Parsee. The name given to the Persian 
fire-worshippers, Avho took refuge in 
India from Mahometan persecution. 
They are called by the Mahometans 
Guebres, another form of Giaours or 
infidels, 
Parllceps crimlnis, [Lat.] a partaker in 

the crime. 
Parvenu, [Fr.] a new comer, an upstart. 
Pat'era, [Lat.] a broad goblet or cup. 
Patrislic, Patris'tical, a. in Theology, 
pertaining to the fathers of the Church. 
Peajacket, s, a loose, rough, warm jacket 

worn by sailors. 
Ped'agogy, s. the principles and practice 

of teaching. 
Pemlcan, s. meat cured, pulverized, and 
mixed with fat, used in long voyages 
of exploration. 
Penetralia, [Lat.] the recesses or inner- 
most parts of any place, as of a 
temple. 
Pent, the p. t. and p. p. of Pen. 



Percuv'sory, a. cursory, hasty. 

Periodical, s. a magazine or other pub- 
lication published at regular or stated 
periods. 

Petitio Principii,[Lat.]in Logic, abegg'ng 
of the question, or assuming to be true 
what requires to be proved. 

Photoge'nic, a. producing light. See 
Daguerreotype, p. 392. 

Photog'raphy, s. the process of pho- 
togenic drawing. 

Pig-iron, s. iron melted in large lumps. 

Place'bo, s. in Medicine a prescription 
more to please than benefit the patient. 

Platitude, s. flatness, dulness ; a trite or 
common-place observation. 

Plesiosaurlis. See Sauroid, p. 398. 

Pli'ocene. See Eocence, p. 393. 

Poco curan'te, [It.] little caring. 

Pol'ka, s. a dance of Polish origin. 

Pollock, s. a species of cod-fish. 

Praam, s, a large flat-bottomed boat. 

Prima Donna, s. the first or chief singer. 

Pro rata, [Lat,] in proportion. 

Pro re nata, [Lat.] for the occasion. 

Prosy, a. like prose, dull, insipid. 

Punjaub', s. the country of ike five rivers. 

Quartzose, a. containing quartz ; re- 
sembling quartz. 

Quasi, [Lat.] as if; pretended. 

Quit or Quitted, the p. t. and p,^. of Quit. 

Quo anlmo, [Lat.] with what mind or 
purpose. 

Raisonne, [Fr.] rational, digested or ar- 
ranged on a regular system, as a " ca- 
talogue raisonnee." 

Rang, the p. t. of Ring. 

Ray'ah, s. in Turkey, a person not a 
Mahometan, who pays the capitation 
tax. 

Read, [red], the p. t. and p. p. of Read. 

Rechabites, s. the descendants of Jonadab, 
the son of Rechab, who abstained from 
all intoxicating drinks ; a name as- 
sumed by a certain class of teetotallers. 

Reductio ad absurdum, [Lat.] in Logic, 
an argument that proves not the thing 
asserted, but the absurdity of whatever 
contradicts it. 

Regime, [Fr.] government, rule. 

Regium Donum, [Lat,] a royal gift. 

Reiter, [Ger.] s. a rider, a trooper. 

Rent, the p. t. and p. p. of Rend. 

Rentes, [Fr.] s. annuities in the funds. 

Rentier, [Fr.] s. one who has a fixed 
income, as from lands, stocks, &c. 

Resume, [Fr.]asummingup; asummary. 

Ricochet, [rikoshay', Fr.] a kind of firing 
which makes the shot or shell roll or 
bound along the opposite rampart. 

Ridden, the p. p. of Ride. 



BIS 



398 



TEL 



Ris'en, the p. p. of Rise. 

Rocaiile, [Fr.] shell- work in architecture. 

Rochelle Salt, s. tartrate of potash and 

soda, used medicinally. 
Rode, the p. t. of Ride. 
Rose, the p. t. of Rise. 
Rung, the p. p. of Ring. 
Runnel, s. a small brook or rivulet. 
Ry r ot,s. a farmer or husbandman inlnclia. 

Sad'dlery, s. the manufactures of a sad- 
dler ; the business or trade of a saddler. 

Said, the p. t. and p. p. of Say. 

Salts, s. pi. the popular name for a salt 
taken as medicine. 

Sal, [Lat.] s. salt, the scientific term for 
salt, in chemistry and pharmacy. See 
Ammonia and Volatile. 

Sa'miel or Simoom', s. a hot, suffocating 
wind, common to the sandy deserts of 
Arabia, Africa, and Syria. 

San'atory, a. sanative or healing. 

Sandwich, s. two thin slices of bread and 
butter, with a slice of ham or other 
meat between ; said to have been first 
recommended by the Earl of Sandwich. 

Sans Souci, [Fr.] without care. 

Sat, the p. t. and p. p. of Sit. 

Sauroid. This term is derived from two 
Greek words, which signify like or 
resembling a lizard. Ichthyosaurus 
means the fish lizard, and Plesiosaurus 
implies that the creature was nearer 
or more like a lizard than a fish. To 
several other species of these creatures 
names have been given, as Megalo- 
saurus, the great saurus, Geosaurus 
(land), Hylaeosaurus {forest), Teleo- 
saurus perfect), &c. 

Sbirri, s. a kind of police in Rome. 

Secre'tiveness, s. in Phrenology, a dispo- 
sition to conceal or dissemble. 

Secundum artem, [Lat.] according to art, 
artistically. 

Schist, [shist], s. in Geology, rocks easily 
split up into slaty-like plates or divi- 
sions. 

Schist'ose, Schist'ous, a. slaty, fissile. 

Schorl, [shorl], s. a variety of tourmaline. 

Scudo. [skoo'do, It.] a coin of about 4s. id. 

Seidlitz Water, s. a saline mineral water, 
from Seidlitz, in Bohemia. Seidlitz- 
powder, a medicine intended to pro- 
duce a similar effect. 

Sent, the p. t. and p. p. of Send. 

Ser'aphine, -s. a musical instrument. 

Shaken, the p. p. of Shake. 

Shan'ty, s. a hut or cabin. 

Sha'pen or Sha'ped, the p. t. and. p. p. of 
Shape. 

Shod, the p. t and p. p. of Shoe. 

Shone or Shined, the p. t. and p. p. of 
Shine. 



Shook, the p. t. of Shake. 

Shrank, the p. t. of Shrink. 

Shrove or Shrived, the p. t. of Shrive. 

Shriven or Shrived, the p. p. of Shrive. 

Sierra, [Span.] a saw; applied to moun- 
tains whose peaks are like the teeth of 
a saw. 

Silhouette, [Fr.] a profile in black. 

Slept, the p. t. 2c&&p.p. of Sleep. 

Slit or Slitted, the p. t. and p. p. of Slit. 

Sleigh, [slay], s. a sledge, or carriage with- 
out wheels for travelling over snow. 

Snood, s. a fillet or ribbon. 

Socialism, s. a state of society in which 
there is a community of property 
among all the citizens ; communism. 

Socialist, one who advocates socialism. 

Sold, the p. t. and p. p. of Sell. 

Sotto voce, [It.] in a low or under tone. 

Sought, the p. t. and p. p. of Seek. 

Sped, the p. t and p. p. of Speed. 

Spit or Spitted, the p. t. and p. p. of Spit. 

Split or Splitted, p. t. and p. p. of Split. 

Spun, the p. t. and p. p. of Spin. 

State'ra, s. the Roman balance, much 
the same as the steel-yard. 

Statistician, s. one versed in statistics. 

Stet, [Lat.] in Printing, let it stand. 

Stood, the p. t. and p. p. of Stand. 

Strategical, Strategic, a. relating to 
strategy or military tactics. 

Struck, the. p. t. a.ud.p.p. of Strike. 

Stuck, the p. t. and p. p. of Stick. 

Stung, the p. t. and p. p. of Sting. 

Stunk, the p. t. and p. p. of Stink. 

Superstratum, s. a stratum overlying 
another. 

Surveillance, [Fr.] watch, inspection. 

Swept, the p. t. and p. p. of Sweep. 

Swink, v. to labour, to drudge, to sweat. 

Sy'enite, s. a variety of granite. 

Syllep'sis, in Grammar, a substitution. 

Tableaux Yivants, [tab'lo vee'v&ng, Fr.] 
living pictures, an amusement in which 
groups of persons, in appropriate 
dresses, in a darkened room, represent 
some interesting scene in the works 
of distinguished painters or authors. 

Tally- Ho', interj. a hunting-cry. 

Tandem, s. a two-wheeled carriage, drawn 
by two horses, one before the other. 

Tangential, a. pertaining to a tangent. 
Tangential force, a force which acts 
so as to give a tendency to a revolving 
body, to fiy off in a tangent to its orbit. 

Taught, the p. t. and p. p. of Teach. 

Teeto'tal, a. professing teetote.lism. 

Teetotaller, s. a professor of teetotalism. 

Teeto'talism, s. the profession and prac- 
tice of total abstinence from all alco- 
holic liquor. 

Telamo'nes. See Caryatis, p. 363. 



TEL 



399 



ZOL 



Teleosau'rus. See Sauroid, p. 398. 
Terniina'tional, a. forming the end or 

concluding syllable. 
Tertium quid, [Lat.] a third something. 
Thaler, s. the German form of dollar. 
Ther'ion, [Gr.] a wild heast. 
Thor, in Scandinavian Mythology, the 

son of Odin and Freya. Hence Thurs- 
day, that is, Thor's day. 
Thought, the p. t. and p. p. of Think. 
Tic Douloureux, [Fr.] a most painful 

aifection of a nerve, usually in the face. 
Ti'dal, a. pertaining to tides ; rising and 

falling with the tide. 
Tii'bury, s. a kind of gig or two-wheeled 

carriage ; so named from the maker. 
Tirailleur, s. a French skirmishing soldier. 
Tme'sis, s. a figure in Grammar. , 
Told, the p. t. and p. p. of TeU. 
Toma'to, s. the love-apple. 
Trap'per, one who sets traps to catch 

beavers and other wild animals, usually 

for furs. 
Twaddle, another form of Twattle. 
Twaddler, s. one who twaddles. 

Uncha'ry, a. not chary or careful. 

Unfem'inine, a. not becoming a woman. 

U'pas, s. a tree of Java and the neigh- 
bouring isles, the inspissated juice of 
which is a deadly poison. It has been 
fabulously reported that the atmos- 
phere around it is poisonous. 

Utilitarian, consisting in, or pertaining 
to utility : s. one who holds the doc- 
trine of utilitarianism. 

Utilitarianism, the doctrine of Jeremy 
Bentham, that the greatest happiness 



of the greatest munber should be the 
end and aim of all social and political 
institutions ; the doctrine of utility. 

Var'icose, Var'icous, a. having enlarged 

veins. 
Velo"cipede, s. a kind of vehicle which 

the persou who sits in it propels by 

striking the tips of his shoes against 

the ground. 
Voltigeurs, s. a kind of French light 

troops. 
Vul'canize, v. to subject Indian-rubber 

to a process by which its temperature 

is rendered uniform. 

Walhal'la, [valhalla] s. in Scandinavian 
mythology, the palace of immortality 
inhabited by the souls of heroes slain 
in battle. 

Wept, the p. t. and p. p. of "Weep. 

What-not, s. a stand, or piece of furni- 
ture having shelves for books, papers, 
and other articles. 

Wet or Wetted, the^?. t andp.#. of Wet. 

Withdrawal, s, the act of withdrawing 
or taking back ; a recalling. 

Won, the p. t. and p. p. of Win. 

Wound, the p. t. and p. p. of Wind. 

Wrought, the p. t. .and p. p. of Work. 

Wrung, Wringed,^?. t. smdp.p. of Wring. 

WyVern, in Heraldry, an imaginary bird 
with a serpent's tail. 

Zollverein, a commercial or customs' 
union among the German States, 
having for its object a uniform rate of 
customs' duties. 



GEOGRAPHICAL PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY. 

The Practical Rules for the correct pronunciation of English words 
which have been given in a preceding part of this work (page xv), apply 
equally to Geographical names and Anglicized foreign words. To these 
Rules, in such cases, the learner can refer when he is in doubt ; but with 
regard to the pronunciation of words which are either purely foreign or 
only partially Anglicized, there are difficulties which no general rules 
can obviate. Of such words there is usually a threefold pronunciation : 
1. The original or foreign pronunciation. 2. The native or English pro- 
nunciation. 3. A pronunciation which is neither foreign nor English, 
but between the two. In many cases, it is difficult to determine which 
of these pronunciations should be preferred ; and the only general rule 
that can be given is to endeavour to ascertain the mode adopted by the 
best or most correct speakers. The following General Rules for the 
pronunciation of foreign words will also be a guide to the learner. 



400 GEOGRAPHICAL PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY. 

GENERAL RULES FOR THE PRONUNCIATION OF FOREIGN WORDS. 

VOWELS AND DIPHTHONGS. 
A. 

1. In French, Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese words a has the sound of ah in 
English. In the German languages it has two sounds, a long and a short : the 

. first is sounded like a in our word half, and the second has no corresponding sound 
in English. 

AE, or A. 

2. In German words ae or a has two sounds, a long and a short : the former is 
like the sound between 'name and care, and the short, nearly like e in rent. 

AI, or AY. 

3. In French words ai has, generally speaking, the sound of e, as in our word there. 
In the German languages ai or ay sounds broader than the English i in kite; or as 
we pronounce ai in aisle. 

AU, or EAU. 

4. In French words au and ean are pronounced like our long o. Thus Hainault is 
pronounced haino; and Bordeaux, bordo. In the German languages au approaches 
the sound of ou in our word our. Thus Breslau is pronounced breslou; Pillau, 
pillou ; and Austerlitz, ousterlits. 

AEU, or AU. 

5. In German words aeu or au has nearly the same sound as the diphthong oi in 
our word toil. Compare the German sound of eu. 

E. 

6. In French words e with the acute accent is sounded like our long a, as in fate; e 
with the grave, and e with the circumflex accent, like e in there; and e not accented 
is generally pronounced like our open e, as in met. In Italian words e has either an 
open sound like ai in fair, or a close sound like the same dipthong in pain. 

E final. 

7. In Italian and most foreign words, e final is pronounced ; but in French it is 
mute, unless marked with the acute accent (e). 

EI. 

8. In French words ei has the sound of e, as in our word there. In German words 
ei or ey has the sound of our long I, as in fine. 

EU, EU, EU. 

9. In German words eu sounds like oi in our word toil. Compare the sound of 
aeu or au in the same language. For the eu or eu in French words, we have no 
corresponding sound, but it is something like the sound of e in her; or u in fur. 

I. 

10. In French, Italian, and most foreign words i has the sound of ee in English. 
But in some French and German words i has a short sound, as in our word fig. 

IE or I. 

11. In German words ie or % has the sound of our long e or ee, as in me or meet. 

O. 

12. In most foreign languages o has, generally speaking, either a long sound, as 
in our word robe ; or a short sound, as in rob. 

OE or 6. 

13. In German words oe or '6 has a long sound like the French eu; or a short 
eound like the French tu. Our nearest sound to it is that of e in her, or u in fur. 

OI. 

14. In French words oi i3 sounded like the syllable wa, in our word water. 



GEOGRAPHICAL PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY. 401 

OIL 

15. In French and most foreign words, ou is sounded like oo in English. 

II. 

16. In most foreign words u, generally spealdng, is sounded as it is in our word 
rule. In French words u has a sound intermediate between the souads of oo and 
eu in the same language, for which we have no corresponding sound, Before a, 
e, and i, u, when taken in the same syllable, is pronounced like w. Compare the 
pronunciation of u before a, e, and i, in our words assuage, equal, quench, question, 
anguish, &c. 

UE or U. 

17. In German words ue or u is sounded like the French u. See rule 16. 

UI or UY. 

18. In Dutch words ui or uy sounds like oi in English ; as in the word boy. 

19. In Welch words w has the sound of oo in English. Thus, Amlwch is pro- 
nounced amlootch; and Pwllheli, poolheli. 

CONSONANTS. 
CH. 

20. Except in French, Spanish, and Portuguese words, ch is usually pronounced like 
Jc; as in Munich, Zurich, Cherson, Mocha, CMmborazo, &c. But in French and 
Portuguese words ch is pronounced like sh; as in C/iampagne, Cherbourg, Chalons, 
&c. ; and in Spanish words ch is pronounced like ch in our word church. 

C, CC, CH. 

21. In Italian words c before e or i is pronounced like ch in our words cherry and 
chilly ; cc before e or i, like tch in our word match ; but ch is pronounced like 1c, in 
English-, as in Civita Vecchia (cheeveeta vekia). In Spanish words, c before e and 
t sounds like th in our word thin. Thus Ciudad (that is, city) Eodrigo is pronounced 
thoo-dat' ro-dree'-go. Z in Spanish words has a similar sound (th in thin). 

CUA, CUE, CUI, CUO. 

22. In Spanish words these syllables are pronounced lewd, Jcwey, Jcwee, Jeivo. 

G, J, X. 

23. In French and Portuguese words, g before e, i, and y, and j, in all positions, 
are sounded like zh in English, or like s in the word azure. In Spanish words g 
before e and i, and j in all positions, are sounded like h strongly aspirated; as in the 
word alcohol. In several Spanish words x has the same sound, that is, the guttural 
sound of h ; as in the Spanish pronunciation of the word Don Quixote (Icee-ho'-te. ) In 
German and in several other languages, j is sounded like y in English ; as in the 
word hallelujah. 

GL, GN. 

24. In Italian words gli has the liquid sound of Hi, as in million, seraglio. In 
French and Italian words gn is pronounced something like ni in our words onion, 
minion. In Spanish n has a similar sound ; and so, also, nh in Portuguese. 

GH, GIA, GIO, GIU. 

25. In Italian words gh has the hard sound of g, as in go; and gia, gio, giu, are 
pronounced like ja, jo, joo. 

SCH. 

26. In German words sch is, generally speaking, pronounced like sh. In Italian 
words sch is pronounced sk. 

V, F, W. 

27. In German words v is pronounced like /,• and w, like v. But the w in final 
ow is always silent. 

TH. 

28. In most foreign languages the digraph th has the sound of t ; as in our 
word Thomas. 



402 



GEOGRAPHICAL, PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY. 



after the words refer to the preceding rules.'] 



S, T, D, X. 

29. In French words the consonants s, t, d, x, are not pronounced when ending a 
word. But Paris, Brest, Rheims, Arras, and a few others are pronounced by us as 
if they were English words. 

Z or ZZ. 

30. In Italian and German words, e or zz is pronounced like ts or ds in English. 

31. In the names of places in India, and in the East generally, the accent is 
usually on the last syllable ; as in Hindostan', Afghanistan', Hyderabad'', Sering- 
apatam', Serampore / , Ispahan', Teheran'. Names ending in polis and poli have 
the accent on the syllable preceding this termination, as in Gallip'oli. 

32. "When the learner is in doubt about the pronunciation of a foreign word, the 
best way is to pronounce it as if it were English. 3 - 

33. As in the following list of words the letters have the usual English sounds, 
their pronunciation may be acquired by attending to the accent, and by keeping in 
mind that the letters in Italic are silent or not pronounced ; and that this mark( — ) 
denotes a long, and this (V) a short sound or syllable. Also, that c with a cedilla 
under it (thus c) is pronounced like s, as in Ivica. 

{The figures 

Aargau, ar'-gou. 4 

Aarhuus, ar'-hoos. 16 

Abbeville, ab-veel. 10 

Abbeyleix, (-leese). 

Abergavenny, ab-er-gain'-y 

Aboukir, a-boo-keer'. 10 

Abruzzo, a-broods'-zo. 30 

A-ca-pul'-co. 

Achil, ak'-il. 

Acqui, ak'-kwe. 

Acre, ak'er. 1 

Aden, ad'-en or a'-den. 

A-dri-an-o'ple. 31 

A'-dri-at"ic. 

iEgean, e-jee'-an. 

iEgina, e-jee'-na. 10 

Af-ghan-i-stan'. 31 

Ag'gerhuus, (-hoos). 

Aghadoe, ah-a-cloo'-e. 

Agulhas, a-gool'-yas. 23 

Aisne, aim 

Aix, aiks. 

Aix-la-Chapelle, aiks-la- 

shapel'. 
Ajaccio, a-yatch'-i-o. 23 
Ak-er-man'. 
Al-a-bam'-a. 
Al'-ba'-ny (awl-). 
Albuera, al-boo-e'-ra. 
Albuquerque, (-boo- kerk'e) 
Alemtejo, (-tay'-zho). 
Alencon, a-lang-song. 
A-lep'-po. 

Algeziras, (-zee'-ras). 10 
Al-giers, al-jeers'. 
Al-go'-a Bay. 
Al-i-cant'. 
Al-la-ha-bad'. 31 



Al'-le-^ia-ny. 33 

Al'-lo-a. 

Afoiwick, an'-ick. 33 

Alsace, al-sas'. 

Al'-to-na. 

Am-boy'-na. 

Amiens, am-e-ang'. 

Amlwch, am'-lootch. 19 

Anahuac, an'-a-oo-ak'. 

An-a-pa'. 31 

An-co'-na. 

An-da-lu'-si-a (shee-a.). 10 

An-da-man'. 31 

An'-do-ver. 

An-go'-la. 

An-go'ra. 

Angouleme, awn-goo-laim / 

Anjou, awn-zhoo'. 

An-nap'-o-lis. 31 

Anspac/i, ans'-spak. 20 

Antigua, an-tee'-ga. 10 

Antilles, (-teel', or til'-les) . 

Antioch, an'-ti-ok. 20 

An-tip'-a-ros. 

A-os'-ta. 

Aquila, ak'-we-la. 

A-ra-can'. 

Aranjuez, (-hoo'-eth). 23 

Ar'-a-rat. 

Archangel (ark-). 

Ar-chi-pel'-a-go (ark-), 

Arequipa, ar-e-kee'-pa. 10 

Arezzo, a-rets'-zo. 

Ar-gyll', ar-guile. 

Arkan'sas, or Ar'kansaw. 

Ar-mat/h, ar-mah'. 30 

Arnheim, arn'-hime. 8 

Ar'-ra-gon. 



Ar'-ras, or ar-rah'. 
Arriege, ar-raizh'. 
Artois, art-waw'. 14 
Ar'-undel. 
Arques, arks. 
Ashan'tee. 
As-phal-ti'-tes. 
As-tra-bad'. 31 
As-tra-can'. 
Ath'ens. 
Athy, athl'. 
Aube, obe. 4 

Aubigny, o-been-yee. 84 
Auch, osh. 2 »> 
Aude, ode. 4 

Augsburgh, ouks'-boorg. 
Aurillac, o-reei'-yac. 
Auvergne, o-vairn'. 
Auxerre, o-zair'. 
Avignon, a-veen-yong'. 24 
Avranches, av-ransh'. 
Aylesbury, ailz'-ber-ry. 
Azores, a-zo'rs. 
Azov, a-zov'. 
Ba-ba' (Cape.) 1 
Ba'-bel-man-del. 
Baden, bah'-den. 1 
BacchiUone, bak-el-yo'-nS. 
Badajos, bad-a-hos'. 23 
Bag-dad', or Bag'-dad 
Bagnara, ban-yar'-a. 
Bagneres, ban-yare. 
Bagnols, ban-yole. 
Ba-ha'-mas. 
Ba-hi'-a, ba-hee'-a. 10 
Baikal, bl'-kal. 
Baireuth, bi'-root. 28 
Baja, bah'-ya. 23 



a In English words the tendency of the accent is to the root, and not to the tprmination 
Hence, as a general rule, the accent on English words is usually on the first syllable ; but 
the exceptions are numerous. See " Principles of Pronunciation," page xv. 



GEOGRAPHICAL PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY. 



403 



Baktchi- Sarai' (-she). 31 
Bal'-a-ton. 
Bal'-bec, or Bal-bec'. 
Bale, bal. 1 
Bal-e-ar'-ic. 
Balize, ba-leez'. 
Bai-kan'. 
Balkft, balk. 33 
Ballina, ba-li-na'. 
Bal-lin-a-sloe, (-slo') . 
Baltic, bawl'-tik. 
Bal'-ti-more, (bawl-). 
Bam'-berg. 
Bam-bouk / , (-book). 
Banagher, ban'-a-her. 
Ban-ga-lo're. 31 
Ban-kok / . 
Ban-tarn'. 
Bar'-a-ba. 
Bar-ba'-does. 
Bar-bu'-da. 16 
Bar-ce-lo'-na. 
Bareilly, ba-ray'-le. 
BaiTaux, bar-ro'. 
Barreges, bar-raizb/. 
Basle, bahl. 
Basques, bask. 
Bas-san'-o. 

Bas'-so-ra, or Bas-so'-ra. 
Bastia, bas-tee'-a. 
Bastogne, bas-ton'-e. 
Ba-ta'-vi-a. 
Baton Rouge, (roozh). 
Battaglia, bat-tal'-ya. 
Bautzen, bout'-tsen. 4 
Bayeux, bah-yu'. 
Bayonne, bah-yone. 
Bayreuth, bi'-root. 28 
Beaumaris, bo-may'-ris. 
Beaune, bone. 
Beauvais, bo-vay'. 
Bedouins, bed-oo- een's. 
Beira, be-ee'ra. 
Benares, ben-airz'. 
Ben-coo'-len. 
Ben -gal', (-gawl). 
Benguela, ben-gay'-la. 
Benin, ben-een'. 
Benowm, be-noum'. 
Bentheim, ben'-time. 28 > 8 
Ber-be'-ra. 
Berbice, ber-bee'ce. 
Berezina, (-seen'-a). 10 
Bergen, berg'en. 
Bergen-op-Zoom'. 
Bergues, berg. 
Ber-hV, or Ber'-lin. 
Ber-mu'-das. 16 
Berwick, ber'-rick. 
Bcsan9on, be-zan'-song. 
Beyroot, bi-root'. 
Bid-as- so'-a. 
Bilbao, bil-bah'-o. 



Bil-bo'-a. 

Bil-e-dul'-ge-rid. 

Bingen, bing'-en. 

Blois, bloaw. 

Bo-go-ta'. 

Bois-le-Duc,boaw-le-dook. 

Bojador, bo-ya-dor / . 23 

Bok-har'-a. 

Bolivar, bo-lee-var'. 

Bologna, bo-lo'-nya. 24 

Bolognese, bo-lon-ye'se. 

Bo-ni-fa'-ci-o (-chee-o). 

Boo-tan'. 

Bootes, bo-o'-tes. 

Bordeaux, bur-do'. 

Borgne, born. 

Borncu, bor-noo'. 15 

Bos'-phor-us. 

Bouillon, boo-eel-yong. 

Boulogne, boo-loanye. 

Bourbonnois,boor-bo-nwa. 

Bourges, boorzb. 

Brabant'. 

Brahmaputra (-poo'-tra) . 

Brazil, bra-zeel'. 

Brescia, bres'-cha. 20 

Breslau, bres'-lou. 4 

Bretagne, bre-tang'. 

Brough, briif. 

Bruges, broozh. 

Bruhl, brool. 16 

Bucharest, boo-kar-est'. 

Bu'-e-nos Ay -res (boo-). 

Bury St. Edmonds (berry) . 

Cabul, ca-bool'. 

Caen, kawng. 

Caer -mar-then (car-). 33 

Caer-nar'-von (car-) . 

Cagliari, kal'-ya-ree. 

Cairo, kl'-ro. 

Calabar'. 

Calais, cal'-lis, or kal-lay'. 

Cal-i-cut'. 

Cal-la'-o. 

Calne, kawn. 

Cal-va'-dos (-vah-). 1 

Cam-bay'. 

Cam-bo'-di-a. 

Camboge, kam-boje. 

Cam-bray', or Cam'-bray. 

Campagna, kam-pan'-ya. 

Cam-peach'-y. 

Can-da-har'. 

Cannes, kann. 

Can-o'-pus. 

Canterbury (-berry). 

Can-ton'. 

Cantyre, kan-tire. 

Cape Breton'. 

Cape Hai'-ti-en. 

Cap'u-a. 

Ca-rac'-cas. 

Car-do'-na. 



Car-ib-be'-an. 
Car'-lo-witz (-vitz). 27 
Carls-cro'-na. 
Carlsruhe, carls-roo'-hay. 
Carmagnola (-man-yo'-la). 
Car-nat'-ic. 
Car-rar'-a. 
Car-tha-ge'-na. 
Castiglione (-teel-yo'-na). 
Castile, cas-teel'. 
Castillon, kas-teel-yong'. 
Cat-tar'-o. 
Cau'-ca-sus. 
Cawn-pore'. 
Cayenne, kl-en'. 
Cel'-e-bes. 
Cerigo, che-ree'-go. 
Cervia, cher'-ve-a. 21 
Ceu'-ta, or say'-u-ta. 
Cevennes, say-ven', 
Ceylon, sai-lon'. 
Chagre, shah'-gur. 
Chalons sha-long'. 
Cham'-ber-ry (sham-) . 20 
Chamouni, sha-moo'-ny. 
Champagne, sham-pang 7 . 
Champlain, sham-plain'. 
Chan-der-na-gore'. 
Charente, sha-rangt'. 
Charenton,sha-rang-tong'. 
Charleroi, sharl-rwa'. 
Chartres, shartr. 
Chateau, shat-o. 
Chateaubriant(-bree-ang') 
Chat'-elle-rault (-ro). 
Chatham, chat'-am. 
Chaumont, sho-mong'. 
Chelmsford, chemz'-furd- 
Cheltenham, chelt'-nam. 
Cherbourg, sher'-boorg, 
Cherson, ker'-son. 
Cheviot, cheev'-yot. 
Chiavara, ki-a-var'-e. 21 
Chi-a-ven'-na (kee-). 
Chicago, she-kaw'-go. 
Chihuahua, che-wa'-wa. 
Chili, chee'-lee. 
Chim-bo-raz'-o (ch hard). 
Chiswick, chiz'-ik. 33 
Chiusa, ki-oo'-sa. 
Chumleigh, chum'-ly. 
Chuquisaca (choo-kee-). 
Chusan, choo'-san. 
Ciudad Real. 21 
Ciudad Bodrigo. 21 
Cirencester, sis'-e-ter. 
CivitaVecchia. 21 
Clau-son-berg (clou-). 4 
Clogher, clogh'-er. 
Cob-lentz'. 
Cognac, cone-yack. 
Coimbra, ko-eem'-bra. 
Coire, kwar. 14 



404 



GEOGRAPHICAL PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY. 



Coin, koun. 

Cologne, co-loanye. 

Comines, ko-meen'. 10 

Com'-o-rin. 

Co-nior'-ro. 

Compiegn, com-pee-an'. 

Conde', kon'-day. 6 

Con -naught, con'-nawt. 

Coquet, cok'-et. 

Co-quim'-bo (keem-). 10 

Cordilleras, (-ye'-ras). 

Cor'-do-va. 

Co-re'-a. 

Corfu, kor-foo'. 16 

Cosne, kone. 

Cote d'Or, kote dore. 

Cote du Nord (kote). 29 

Cowes, kowz. 

Cra'-cow. 

Cre-nio'-na. 

Crim-e'-a. 

Croix, St. (croaw). 

Crom'-ar-ty. 

Csi-ta'-te. 1 , 7 

Cuenca, kwen'-sa. 16 

Cul-lo'-den. 

Curacoa coo-ra-so'. 

Cui'iscbe-haff a (koor-ish-). 

Czer'-no-witz (-vits). 27 

Bag-lies-tan'. 

Dahl, dal. 

Dah'-o-my. 

Dalkeith, dal-keetk'. 

Dam-i-et'-ta. 

Dar-da-nelles'. 

Darfour, dar-foor'. 16 

Da'-ri-en. 

Dauphine, do'-fee-nay. 

De.-can'. 

De-la-go' -a Bay. 

Delhi, del'4e. 

Dem-e-ra'-ra. 

Dem-be'-a. 

Denbigh, den'-by. 

Den'-de-rah. 

D en-der-mond', 

Deptford, det'-ford. 

Des-a-gua-de'-ro. 

Dessau, des'-sou. 4 

De-troit', or de-traw'. 

Det'-ting-en. 

Deux Ponts, deu-pong'. 

De-ven'-ter. 

De-vi'-zes. 

Di-ar-be'-kir. 

Dieman's Land, (-dee'-). 

Dieppe, dee-ep^ 

Digne, deen. 

Dijon, dee-zhong'. 



Dinant, dee-nang'. 
Dnieper, nee'-per. 
Dniester, nees'-ter. 
Dobrudscha (-broot'-sha). 
Dof-re-fl-eld'. 
Dol-gel'-ly (g hard) . 
Dol-lart'. 
Dom-i-ni'-ca (-nee), or 

Do-min'4-ca. 
Dominique (-neek'). 
Don-agh-a-dee'. 
Don'-go-la, or Don-go'-la. 
Dordogne, dor- don'. 24 
Dordrecht, dor'-drekt. 
Dornoch, dor'-nok. 
Douay, doo'-ay. 
Douglas, dvig / -las. 
Doura, doo'-ra. 
Drave, drav. 1 
Drenthe, drent or dren'-te 
Dreux, droo. 
Drogli' -e-cla. 
Droitwich, droit'-ick. 
Drontheim, dront'hlme. 28 
Dulwich, dul'-ich. 
Dumfries, dum-frees'. 
Dunfermline (-fer'-lin). 
Duntcich, dun'-ick. 
Duquesne, doo-kain'. 
Durazzo, door-at'-zo. 
Durham, diir'am. 
Dus'-sel-dorf. 
Dwi'-na or dween-a. 
Ecuador, ek-wak-do're. 
Ed'-in -burgh (-bur'-ro). 
Egina. See iEgina. 
Eh-ren-breit'-stein. 
Eich'-stadt. 20 
Ei'-se-nach. 8 
Elbeuf, el-btif . 
El Do-ra'-do. 1 
El-e-phan-ti'-na. 10 
El'-gin (g hard). 
El-mi'-na. 10 

El-si-nore', or Ei-si-neur'. 
Ely, ee'-li 
Embrun, am'-brun'. 
Em'-mer4ch (4k). 20 
Enghien, ang-e'-an. 
Ep-er-nay'. 
Erie, e'-re. 
Er-i-van'. 

Er'-ze-rum (-room). 
Erzgebirge,erts-gay-birg'e 
Esquimaux, es-ke-mo'. 
Es-se-qui'-bo (-kee-). 
Ess'-ling-en. 
Es'-te. 
Es-tre-ma-du'ra (-door-a). 



Etamp, ai tamp'. 

Eupen, oi'-pen. 9 

Eu-phra'-tes. 

Evitin, oi-ten'. 9 

Evesham, ee'-sham. 

Ev'-o-ra. 

Evreux, ev-roo'. 

Eyder, i'-der. 

Eylau, i'-lou. 8 ' 4 

Fahlun, fah'-loon. 

Falkland, fauk'-land. 

Falmouth, fal'-muth. b 

Faro (-ro or ro-e). 

Fauquier, faw-keer 7 . 

Fay-al'. 

Fayoum (-oom'). 

Fermanagh, fer-man'-a. 

Fer-rol'. 

Fez-zan'. 

Fi-gue'-ras (-gay-). 

Foix, fwa. 

Fontainebleau (bio'). 

Fon-te-noy'. 

Fontevranlt (-ro') . 

Fras-ca'-ti. 1 

Frau'-en-burg (frou-). 4 

Fraustadt, frou'-stat. 

Freiberg, fri'-berg. 8 

Freyburg, fri'-boorg. 

Frieschehaff, freesh'-haf. 

Friule, free-oo'-le. 7 

Frontignac (-tin -yak') . 

Furth, furt. 28 

Funchal, foon'-shal. 

Gaeta, ga-e'-ta. 

Ga-la-pa'gos. 

Galatz'. 

Ga-le'-na. 

Gal-lip'-6-li. 31 

Gal'-lo-way. 

Gal'-ves-ton. 

Gal'-way (gawl) . 

Garfagnana (-fan-ya'-na). 

Ga-ron'ne. 

Geffle ((/hard). 

Gel'-ders (g hard). 

Ge-ne'-va. 

Genoa, jen'-o-a. 

Gey'sers (g hard). 

Ghauts, gawts. 

Ghent, ghent or gong. 

Gher-gong' (g hard). 

Ghi-ran (_g hard) . 

Gib-ral'-tar (-raw!-). 

Gi-jon', hee-hone. 23 

Gi-lo'-lo. 

Gir-gen y -ti. 

Giurge'vo. 25 

Glasgow, glas'-go. 



a Curisehe-haff, that is, the haven of Courland. 
b T&e termination mouth in English towns is pronounced mutl 
mouth, TLxmouth, Weymouth, &c. 



as in "Plymouth, Ports- 



GEOGRAPHICAL PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY. 



405 



Glauchau, glou'-kou. 4 

Glogau, glo'-gou 4 

Gloucester, glos-ter. 

Go-dav'-e-ry. 

Goes, hoos. 23 

Go-nie-ra (-may-) 

Go-ree'. 

Gortz, gorts. 

Gotha, go'-ta. 28 

Got'-ting-en. 

Gozzo, got'so. 30 

Gram-mont'. 

Gra-na^-da. 1 

Graudenz, grou'dents. 4 

Gravelines, grav-leen'. 

Greenwich. 

Gren-o'-ble. 31 

Grisons, gree-zong'. 

Gron'-ing-en. 

Gruyeres, groo-yare. 

G^adaloupe, gad-a-loop'. 

Guanaxuato, gwan-a'- 

hwa-to. 23 
Guardafui, gar-da' -fwee. 
Guatemala (gwa-tee-J. 
Guayaquil, gwa-a-keel'. 
Guernsey, gern'-zy. 
Gui-an'-a (g hard) . 
Gui-en'ne (g hard). 
Guil'ford (g hard). 
Gui-pus'-co-a. 16 
Gu'-ze-rat' (goo-) . 
Haerlem, har'-lem. 
Hague, haig. 
Haiaault, hay -no'. 
Haiti, hay-tee. 
Halle, hal'-le.' 
Ham'-o-aze. 
Hanau, ha'-nou. 4 
Han'-o-ver. 
Harwich, har A -ich. 
Ha-van'-nah. 
Haverfordwest(har'-furd-) 
Havre-de-grace (-gras'). 
Heb'-ri-des. 
Hech'-ing-en (hek-). 
Hei'-del-berg (hi-). 
He-le'-na. 
Hel'-i-go-land. 
Hel'voetsluys (-vet-slois;. 18 
He-rat'. 

Herault, he-ro'. 
Her-cu-la'-ne-um. 
Hesse-Cas'-sel (hess-). 
Hesse Darmstadt (hess-). 
Heytshury, haits'-ber-ry. 
Hil'-des-heim (-hime). 8 
Him-a-lay 'a or Him-ma-leh 
Hin-do-stan'. 
His-pan-i-o'-la. 



Hochheim, hok'-hime. 

Holstein', hol-stine. 

Honduras (doo'-ras). 

Hue, hu-e.* 

Huesoa, oo-es'ka. 

Hu-ron'. 

Hy-dra-bad'. 

I'-coZm-kill. 88 

Illinois (-noi' or nois'). 

In-dian-ap'-o-lis . 3 1 

Indre, ang'-clr. 

Innspruck, insprook'. 

In-ver-a'-ry. 

I-o'-na. 

I'-o-wa. 

Ips-zmch. 

Irak'-Ar'abi. 

Irkutsk, irkootsk. 

Iroquois, ir-o-kwa'. 

Ir-ra-wad'-dy. 

Ischia, is'-ki-a. 20 

Iser, e'-zer. 10 

Is-lam-a-bad'. 

Islay, I-lay. 

Is'-ling-ton. 

Is-pa-han'. 

Ivi9a, i-vi'-sa. 

Jaen, ha-en. 23 

Ja-mai'-ca. 

Ja-nei'-ro (-nay-) 

Janina, ya'ne-na. 23 

Japura, ya-poo'-ra. 23 

Jassy, yas'-sy. 23 

Jav'-a or Ja'-va. 

Jedburgh, jed'-burro. 

Jena, yay'-na 23 

Je-ru'-sa-lem. 16 

Jo-an'-ni-na. 

Jorullo, ho-rool'-yo. 23 

Juggernauth (-naut). 

Jungfrau, yoong'-frou. 

Jura, joor'-a. 

Kamts-chat'-ka (-kat-) . 

Ka'-trine. 

Kerguelen's, kerg'-lens. 

Kes'-wick. 33 

Khiva, kee'-va. 

Kho-ras-san'. 

Ki-an-ku' (-koo). 

Kil-lal'-a. 

Kil-la-loe (-loo'). 

Kor-do-fan'. 

Kur-dis-tan' (koor-). 

Lab-ra-dor'. 

La-do-ga'. 

Lago Maggiore (-jo'-ra). 

La'-gu-na (-goo-) 

La-hore'. 

Lan-ark'. 

Landau, lan-dou'. 9 



Langholm, lang'-um. 
Langres, lan'gr. 
Lan-gue-doc' (-gay-) .. 
Larache, la-rash'. 
Lat-a-k'i-a (-kee-). 10 
Lauban, lou'-ban. 9 
Lauenburg, lou'-en-boorg, 
Launceston, lanston. 
Lausanne, lo-zann'. 
Lau'-ter-brunn (lou-) , 
Laybac/j, lay'-bac. 
Leam'-ing-ton (lem-). 
Lecce, let'-cha. 21 
Leghorn, leg'-orn. 
Legnano, len-ya'-no. 
Leicester, les'-ter. 
Leigh, lee. 
Leighlin, lek'-lin. 
Leighton, lee'-ton. 
Lei'-ning-en (1I-) 
Leinster, lin'-ster. 
Leipsic, llpe-sig. 
Leith, leeth. 
Leitrim, lee'-trim„ 
Leixlip, less'-lip. 

Le Mans, le-mang. 
Leominster, lem's-ter. 
Le-on' or Le'-on. 

Le-pan'-to. 

Le Puy, le pwee.. 

Ler'^ick, ler'-ik' 

Leuchtenburg (loik'-). 9 

Leutschau, loit'-shou. 

Le-vant'. 

Lev' -en or Le'-ven. 

Leeu'warden(loi'-var-). 9 i 27 

Leyden, li'dn. 

Li-be'-ri-a, 

Lichtenau, lik-te-nou. 

Lich' -ten-stein (-stine). 

Liege, lee-aije. 

Lima, lee'-ma. 

Limoges, lee-mozh'. 

Limousin, lee-moo-sang'. 

Limoux, lee-moo'. 

Lincoln, lin'-cun. 

Ling'-en. 

Lin-lith'-gow (-go). 

Lintz, lints. 

Lisle, leel. 

Lip-a-ri. 

Lip'-pe-Detmold. 

Lisieux, lee-zee-oo'. 

Li-vo'-ni-a. 

Lla-nel'-ly. 

Llanrwst, lan-roost'. 19 

Lo-an'go. 

Loch-ab'-er (lok-) 

Lodi, lo'-dee. 

Loff-o'-den. 



c In the termination wick and wich in English, the 
wich, &c. 



is silent, as in Waraick, Green- 



406 



GEOGRAPHICAL PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY. 



Loire, lwar. 

Loja, lo-ha'. 23 

Loo-choo, or Leoo Keoo. 

L'Orient, lo'ri-awug. 

Loughborough (luf-). 

Lou-i-si-au'-a (loo-). 

Louvain, loo-vain'. 

Louviers, loo-ve-ey. 

Lu-cay'-a. 

Lucca, look'-ka. 

Lucena, loo-thai'na. 21 

Lucera, loo-che'-ra. 21 

Lu-gan'-o. 

Lu-sa'-ti-a. 

Lutzen, loot'-zen. 

Lyons, lee-ong' or ly' ons. 

Lym'-fi-ord. 

Lyonnois, lee-on-nay'. 

Ma-ca'-o, or ma-kou'. 

Ma-cas'-sar. 

Mac-quar'-rie (-kwor-). 

Ma-dei-ra (-day'-) 

Ma-dras'. 

Ma-drid'. 

Maese, maze. 

Maestricht, maze'-trikt. 

Mag-da-le'na. 

Mag' -de-burg. 

Ma-gel' -Ian or Mag-el-lan'. 

Mag-e-roe (-ro'). 

Ma^/giore, mah-jo'-re. 25 

Magny, man'ye. 

Ma-hon', mak-hone. 

Mah-rat'-ta. 

Mal-a-bar'. 

Ma-lac'ca. 

Mal'-a-ga. 

Ma-lay'-a. 

Malines, maleen. 

Malmsbiuy, mamz'-ber-ry. 

Malplaquet (-plak'-ey) . 

Malstrom, mal'-stroom. 

Manche, mansk. 

Man-kat'-tan. 

Mankeim, nian'-kinie. 

Ma-nil'-la. 

Man'-tu-a. 

Ma-ra-cay'-bo (-ki-bo) . 

Mar-an-bani'. 

Mar-en'-go. 

Mar-ga-ri'-ta (-ree-ta) . 

Mar-ie-ga-lante' (-ee-). 

Marino, rna-ree'-no. 

Mar'-mo-ra. 

Marquesas (-kay'-sas). 

Mar-sal'-a. 

Marseilles, mar-sailz'. 

Mar-ta-ban/ 

Martinico, mar-ti-nee'-co. 

Mar-ti-nique (-neek'). 

Mar'-y-bo-rou#h. 

Massa-cku'-setts (-tskoo-). 

Mas-a-fue-ro (-fway'). 



Ma-ta-mo'-ras. 

Mat-a-pan'. 

Mayence, ma-yans'. 

Me-a'-co. 1 

Meaux, mo. 

Mechlin, mek'-lin. 

Medina, rne-dee'-na. 

Meigs, megz 3 

Mei'-niug-en (ml-). 

Meissen, mi'-sen. 

Menin, me-nee'n. 

Mentz, ments. 

Mequinez (mek'-) 

Mergui, merg-ee'. 

Mer'-i-da. 

Mer-i-ma-chi' (ckee). 

Messina, me-see'-na. 

Mefe. 

Michigan, misk'-i-gan. 

Mil'-an. 

Min-da-na'-o. 

Mir-a-mi-chi' (-shee) . 

Missouri, mis-soo'-re. 

Mobile, mo-beel'. 

Mocha, mo'-ka. 

Mod'-e-na. 

Mo'-ga-dore. 

Mont Blanc, nioug-blawng' 

Mon-te'-go Bay. 

Montpelier,moug-pel-yay' 

Montreal, mont-re-ai'. 

Mont-ser-rat'. 

Mo-re'-a. 

Morecambe Bay (-cam). 

Mor-oc'-co. 

Mourzook, moor-zook'. 

Mo-zam-bique (-bee'k). 

Munich, mu'nik. 

Naas, nais. 

Naniur, na-moor 7 . 

Nan-kin'. 

Nantes, nawngt. 

Nap'-o-li di Romania. 

Nar-bo'mze. 

Nas'-sau, saw or sou. 4 

Naumburg, noum'-boorg. 4 

Na-va-ri'-no (-ree'-no). 

Navarre, na-var'. 

Neagh, na'ay. 

Nemours, ne-rnoor'. 23 

Nenagh, ne'-nah. 

Ner-bud'-dah. 

Neuburg, noiboorg. 4 

Neufchatel, noo-shat-tel'. 

Neusatz, noi'-sats. 4 

Neustadt, noi'-stat. 4 

Ne-vad'-a.i 

Nevers, nevair 7 . 

New Gre-nad'-a, 1 

New OrMe-ans. 

Nicaragua (-ra'-gooa.) 

Niag'a-ra. 

Nice, nees. 



Nic-0-bar'. 

Ni'-cop'-o-k. 32 

Ni-co'-si-a. 

Nic-o-te'-ra. 

Nieman, nee'man. 

Nievre, nee-ai-vr. 

Niger, ni'jer. 

Nik-o-lai'-ef. 

Nim'-e-guen (g hard). 

Nisk-i-pour'. 31 

Nismes, neem. 

Ni-velles, nee-vel'. 10 

No-ce-ra. 21 

Nordhausen, (hou'-zen). 4 

Nor-'wich. 33 

No-va'-ra. 1 

Nov-go-rod/ 

Ny'-ko-ping. 

Oaku, wa-koo. 

O'-a-sis. 

O-ce-an'-i-ca. 

O-den-see'. 

Oe'-den-burg. 13 > 16 

CEesel, eu'-sell. 13 

Oeland, eu'-land. 13 

Oet'-ting-en. 13 

Of '-fen-back (-bak). 20 

O-hi'-o. 

Oise, waz. 

Ok-kotsk'. 

Ol'-den-burg. 16 

Oleron, o-ler-ong'. 

Omagk, o'-mah. 

Omer, St., sawngt o'mair, 

Onate, on-yat'-a. 24 

O-ne'-ga 

Oneglia, o-nail'-ya. 25 

O-nei'-da. 

On-ta'-ri-o. 

Orellana (-yan'-a). 

Orihuela (-hway'-la). 

Or-i-no'-co, 

Or'-le-ans or or-leang'. 

Orthez, or-tai'. 2s 

Or-u'-ro. 16 

Os'-so-la. 

Os-su'-na. 16 

Os-tend'. 

Os'-ti-aks. 

Os-we-go. 

Os'-wes-try. 

Otaheite (-heet or heety) . 

Ottajano (-yan'o). 23 

Ot'-ta-wa. 

Ouachita, wosh-e-tah'. 

Ouba, oo'-ba. 

Oude, ood. 

Oudenard, ood'-nard. 

Ouis-con'-sin (wis-). 

Ou'ral or ou-ral'. 15 

Our-ga, oor'-ga. 15 

Ouse, ooz. 

Out-chang-fou'. 15 



GEOGRAPHICAL PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY. 



407 



Overyssel, o-ver-i'-sel. 

O-vi-e'-do. 

O-why-hee', 

Pal-my'-ra. 

Pam-pe-lu'-na (-loo-na) . 

Pan-a-ma' (mah). 

Paraguay,(-gwayorgoo-e). 

Pa-ra-ma'-ri-bo. 

Par-a-mat'-ta. 

Par-a-na'. 

Par-me-san'. 

Pas-cua'-ro. 23 

Pas-sa'-ic. 

Pas-sa-ma-quod'-dy. 

Passau, passou'. 4 

Pa-ta-go'-ni-a. 

Pavia, pa-vee'-a. 10 

Pays de Vaud,pay'-e-de-v6. 

Pegu, pe-goo'. 16 

Pe-kin'. 

Penn-syl-va'-nia. 

Pen-sa-co'-la. 

Perigord (-gor). 29 

Perigueux (-goo') . 29 

Per-nam-Dii'-co. 16 

Perpignan (peen'-yaiig). 24 

Peru, per-oo' 16 

Per-u'-gi-a. 16 

Pe'-sar-o (pay-). 6 

Pe-sha-wur. 1 

Pesth, pest. 28 

Pet-scho'ra. 26 

Piacenza (-chent-sa). 24 

Pi-a'-ve. 1 

Pi-chin'-cha. 

Pictou, pic-too'. 

Piedmont, pee-e-mong. 

Pienza, pee-ent'-sa. 30 

Pillau, pil-lou. 4 

Pi-om-bi'iio. 10 

Pisa, pee'-sa. 

Pistoja, pis-to'-ya. 23 

Poictiers, pwa-teers'. 

Poitou, pwa-too'. 

Pon-di-cher-ry (sherry). 

Pontefract, pom'-fret. 

Poo'-nah. 

Po-pa-yan/ 

Pop-o-cat ; -a-petl. 

Port-au-Prince (port-o- 

prangse). 
Portici (-te-che). 21 
Port Mahon'. 
Porto Rico (ree'-co). 
Potenza, po-tent'-sa. 
Po-to'-mac. 
Po-to'-si. 

Pough-keep'-sie (po-) 30 
Poz-zu-o'-la. 30 
Prague, praig. 
Presteign, pres'-teen. 
Prev'-e-sa. 
Province, pro-vawngse. 



Pruth, proot. 28 

Pskof, skof. 

Puebla, pway'-bla. 

Puerto, pwer'-to. 

Pu'-lo Pe'nang. 

Puy-de-Dome (pu'-ee). 

Pwllheli (pool-). 19 

Quebec, kway-bek'. 

Que-re'-ta-ro. 

Quesnoy, ken-wa. 

Quiberon, kib'-rong. 

Quil-lo'-ta. 

Quiloa, kee'-lo-a. 10 

Quimper, kam-pair' 

Quito, kee'-to. 

Ragusa, ra-goo'-sa- 

Raleigh, ra'-ly. 

Rani'bouillet (-boo'-il-ya). 

Raphoe, ra-fo'. 

Rat'-is-bon. 

Ra-ven'-na. 

Reading, red'-ding. 

Reg-en' (g hard). 

Reg'-ens-burg. 13 

Reggio, red'-jo. 

Rei'-chen-bach. 20 

Rei'-chen-berg. 20 

Rei-ki-a'-vik. 1 

Rennes, ren. 

Re-que'-na (-kay-). 

Rheiins, reemz. 

Rhe, ray. 

Rideau, ree-do'. 

Rie'-sen-ge-birg' (-gay-). 

Rim'-i-ni. 10 

Rio, ree'-o. 10 

Rio del Kor'-te'. 

Rio Col-o-ra'-do. 1 

Rio Janeiro (-nay'-ro.) 

Riv'-o-li.™ 

Rochefort, rosh'-fore. 

Rochefouqault (-foo'-co). 10 

Rochelle, ro-shel'. 

Ro-hil-cund'. 

Roniagna, ro-man'-ya. 22 

Ro-t/ien'-burg. 28 16 

Rouen, roo-awng'. 

Rousillon, rou-seel'-yong. 

Rovigno, ro-veen'-yo. 22 

Ru'-gen ((/hard). 

Rustschuck,roost / -shook. 26 

Rutherglen, ru'glen. 

Saade, sad. 

Saal, sal. 

Sa-bi'na 10 

Sack-a-too'. 

Sag-ha'-li-en. 

Sa'-/«t-ra. 33 

Said, side. 3 

Sai-gori'. 3 

Salisbury, solz-berry 

Sal-o-ni'-ca. 10 

Sal-va-dor'. 



Sa-mar-cand'. 
Sandwich. 33 
Santa-Fe' (-fay). 
Santa-Fe de Bo-go'-ta. 
San-ti-a-'go. 1 
Santillana (-yan'-a). 
Saone, sone. 
Sar-a-gos'-sa. 
Sar-a-to'-ga. 
Sarawak, sar-aw'-wak. 
Sarthe, sart. 28 
Sas'-sa-ri.io 
Saumur, so-moor'. 
Sa-van'-nah. 
Save, sav. 1 
Savigny, sa-vin'-ye. 
Scafeil, skaw'-fell. 
Schaffhausen,shafhoAv'zen 
Scheldt, skelt or scheidt. 
Schelling, shel'-ling. 
Scheninitz, shem'-nits. 86 
Sche-nec'-ta-dy (ske-). 
Schiedam, skee'-dam. 
SchonbrunnjShon-broon. 28 
Schumla, shoom'-la. 16 
Schleswig, shles'-vig. 
Schuyler, ski'-ler. 
Schuylkill, skool'-kill. 
Schwartzwald. 36 , 27 
Schweidnitz, shwlt'-nits. 
Schweitz, shiwts. 
Schwerin, shwer'-in. 
Scio, shee'-o. 
Scutari, skoo-tarM. 
Se-bas'-to-pol or Se-vas- 

to'-pol. 
Segni, san'-ye. 
Seine, sayne. 
Sen-na'-ar. 
Sens, sang. 
Ser-am-pore. 
Ser-in'-ga-pa-tam'. 
Sereth, se-ret'. 
Set-u-val' or St. Ubes. 
Sev'-ille or se-vil'. 
Sevres, sa'vr. 
Seychelles, say -shell'. 
Shauenburg.shou'-enboorg 
Shrewsburry, shroz'-berry. 
Si-am, se-am'. 
Si-am'-pa. 
Si-en'-na. 
Si-er'-ra Le-o'-ne. 
Si-er'-ra Mo-re'-na. 
Sierra Ne-vad'-a. 
Sig-ma-ring'-en. 
Sim-phe-ro'-pol. 
Simplon, saug-plong'. 
Simgaglia (-gal'-ya). 
Sin-ga-po're. 
Sin-6-pe. 
Sioux, se-oo. 
Smo-lensk'. 



408 



GEOGRAPHICAL PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY. 



So-cO'-tra. 

So-fa'-la. 

Soignies, swan'-yay. 

Soissons, swas'-song'. 

Son-der-hau-sen(-houz-en) 

So-ra'-ta. 1 

Southwark, suth'-ark. 

Spandau, span-dou'. 5 

Spo-le'-to (-lay-) . 

Spor'-a-des. 

Squillace, squil-la'-che. 

St. Cloud, sawng-cloo. 

St. Croix (cro-aw'.). 

St. Cyr, sang'-seer. 

St. Felipe (-leep'). 10 

St. He-le-na. 

St. Ja'go or ya'-go. 23 

St. Eoque (roke). 

Sta-gi'-ra. 10 

Staniboul, stam-bool'. 

Staunton, stan'-ton. 

Sta-vang'-er. 

Stock'-holni. 

Stranraer, stran-rar'. 

Strom'-bo-li. 

Suez, soo'ez. 

Suli, soo'-li. 

Su-ina'-tra. 

Su-rat'. 

Sur-i-nam'. 

Sus-que-han'-nah. 

Sy-e'-ne. 

Tagliamen'to (tal-ya-). 

Tahiti, tah-hee'-tee. 

Ta-la-ve'-ra. 

Tangier, tan-jeer 7 . 

Tarn-pi'-co. 10 

Tapajos, ta-pah'-yos. 23 

Tarbes, tarb. 

Tar-ra-go'-na. 

Taunton, tan'-ton. 

Tau'-n-da. 

Tavira, tah-vee'-ra. 

Tcher'-ni-gof. 

Teche, tesh. 

Te-he-ran'. 28 

Te-hua'-can. 

Te-huan'-te-pec. 

Te-nas'-se-rim. 

Ten'-e-riff(reef). 10 

Ter-cei'ra, ter-see'-ra. 

Ter-ra-ci'-na. 21 

Ter'-ra del Fu'-e-go. 

Teschen, tesh'-en. 

Tet-u-an'. 

Tewkesbury (-berry). 



Thames, temz. 

Theiss, tice. 

The-a'-ki. 28 i 

Thiers, tee-air'. 

Thiva, tee'-va. 

Thorn, torn. 28 

Theonville, tee-ong-vil/ 

Thun, toon. 28 - i 6 

Thurgau, toor'-gou. 5 

Ti-bet'. 

Ticino, tee-chee'-no. 21 

Ti-con-de-ro'-ga. ~ 

Tim-buc-too'. 

Ti-ti-ca'-ca. 

Tiv'-o-li. 

To-ba'-go. 

To-can-tins (-teen's) . 

Toeplitz, tep'-lits. 13 

To-kay'. 

To-Ie'-do. 

To-lo'-sa. 

Ton-ga-ta-boo'. 

Tonquin, ton-keen'. 

Torgau, tor-gou. 4 

Torquay, tor-kee'. 

Tor-to'-la. 

Toulon, too-lon'. 

Toulouse, too-looz'. 

Tour-nay'. 

Tours, toor. 

Tra-fai'-gar. 

Tran-que-bar'. 

Treb-i-sond'. 

Treves, treve. 

Tre-vi'-so, tre-vee'-so. 

Trieste, tree- est'. 

Trin'-com-a-lee'. 

Tri-ni-dad'. 

Trip'-o-li. 

Tri-po-liz-za (lit'-za) . 

Trois Rivieres (traw-). 

Troppau, trop'-pou. 4 

Troyes, trwa. 

Truxillo (-hel'-yo). 23 

Tu-de-la. 

Turcoing, toor-kwang'. 

Turin, too'-reen. 

Tuy, twee. 

Tver, twer. 27 

Tyrnau, ter'nou. 4 

Ty-rol'. 

U-cay'-a-le. 16 

U-di-ne. 16 

Uist, wist. 

Ukraine, oo'-krain. 

U'-le-a-borg. 16 



Ulea, oo'-le-a. 
Um-me-ra-poor'-a. 
Up-sa'-la.i 
Ural, oo'-ral. 
Ur-bi'-no.i<> 
Uri, oo'-ri. 
U-ru-guay'. 16 
Ushant, oosh'-ang. 
U'-ta-was. 
Utrecht, u'-trekt. 
Valais, valay. 
Valence, val-ans'. 
Yal-en-ci-ennes (-en'). 
Val-la-do-lid'. 
Valois, val-wa'. 
Vaud, vo. 

Yaucluse, vo-cloose. 
Veglia, vel'-ya. 
Ve-M'-no. 10 
Yendee, vawng'-day. 
Yendorne, van-dome. 
Venezuela (-zway'-la) . 
Vera Cruz (crooce). 
Verrnejo (-may'-yo). 23 
Verviers, ver'-ve-a. 
Ve-su'-vi-us. 16 
Vi-cen'-za (-chen). 21 
Vigo, vee'go. 10 
Vire, veer. 
Vlad-i-mir' (-meer). 
Voghera, vo-gay'-ra. 
Vosges, vozM. 
Wal'-che-ren. 20 
Wald, valt. 

"Wardhuus, ward-hoos. 
Warwick, war'-ik. 
Wash-i-ta (-taw'). 
Wavre, wa'vr 
Wei' -mar. 8 
We'n-heim. 8 
Widdin, vid'-din. 
Wis-bad'en (vis-). 
Wis-con'-sin. 
Wittenburg,vit'-ten-boor£ 
Wool'-wich. 
Worcester,, wor'-ster. 
Xa-la'-pa (ha-) 23 
Xeres, hai'-res. 23 
Yar'-mouth, yar'-muth. 
Yenikale, yen'-e-kal'-e. 
Yeovil, yo'-vil. 
Youghal, yaw'-hal. 
Ypres, ee'-p'r. 
Yu-ca-tan'. 
Zurich, zu'-rik. 
Zuider Zee, zoi'-der-ze. 



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